JP6125367B2 - Reservation processing device, reservation reception terminal, reservation processing method, and computer program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is used in a service providing business, and a reservation processing device, a reservation receiving terminal, a reservation processing method, and the like that determine whether or not resources necessary for providing a service such as a service provider or a facility can be allocated to a reservation, And a computer program.

  In the business of providing services such as beauty salons, time lending conference rooms, hospitals, dental clinics, esthetic salons, relaxation, nail salons, it is necessary to determine whether the resources necessary to provide services can be allocated to reservations. There is. Examples of resources include a service provider (for example, a practitioner for a treatment service) and a facility (for example, equipment such as a bed for a treatment service). The store has a plurality of resources such as a practitioner and a facility, and accepts a plurality of reservations to carry out business. Reservation management is indispensable for smooth operation. In reservation management, when there is an optimal allocation of resources (practitioner or facility) for an existing reservation that has been received, and when there is an inquiry for a new reservation, the customer is informed whether or not the new reservation can be received. Includes determining whether a resource can be allocated to a new reservation.

  As described in Patent Document 1, the reservation management is often performed manually using a two-dimensional reservation table. For example, the practitioner and facility of the store are described on the vertical axis of the reservation table, and the time axis is described on the horizontal axis of the reservation table. Resources are allocated to reservations in the reservation table. The reservation manager (generally the reception staff) optimizes the reservation table accordingly. Such manual optimization work and assignment determination are largely dependent on the skill and sense of the worker. In addition, since there is a fear that the accepted reservation exceeds the allowable amount, there is a possibility that a new reservation is missed with a margin.

  Patent Document 1 is disclosed as a technique for automating the above work. Patent Document 1 seems to describe that the resource allocation availability determination and optimization can be automated by performing predetermined rearrangement processing and free time extraction processing on the reservation table.

  Patent Document 2 describes that in a system for reserving seats in a transportation facility, processing for assigning seats to reservation is realized by constraint satisfaction assignment processing (see, for example, paragraphs 0013, 0030, and 0031). Details of the constraint satisfaction allocation process are not described because they are not described.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a scheduling method for determining dates and times when a plurality of nurses work, although it is different from reservation management. Here, it is described that it is formulated as a weighted constraint satisfaction problem consisting of variables representing the working hours of each nurse, constraints existing in the values of the variables, and numerical values representing the importance of the constraints. ing.

Japanese Patent No. 4881612 JP 11-328278 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-267591

  As described above, resource allocation optimization for reservations in business providing services and determination of whether or not allocation is possible are very difficult problems. Taking the treatment service as an example, a plurality of types of treatment services are provided, and the practitioner has a treatment service that can be assigned and a treatment service that cannot be assigned depending on the presence or absence of technology. Furthermore, there are treatment services that can be assigned and treatment services that cannot be assigned depending on the function and use of the facility. If the resource allocation for the reservation is appropriate, a new reservation can be accepted. On the other hand, if the resource allocation for the reservation is not appropriate, it may be erroneously determined that there are no remaining resources for accepting the new reservation, and the acceptance of the new reservation may be missed.

It is necessary to verify the combination of the reservation and the resource to determine whether or not the resource allocation for the reservation is appropriate. However, as the number of reservations increases, the number of reservation and resource allocation patterns increases exponentially. More specifically, the number of reservations N matter, the resource is the case of M, a simple combination of M ^N pieces exist. Just increasing the number of reservations increases the amount of calculation by a factor of M. For example, when resource allocation is calculated for a reservation using the brute force method, it may take several days to several months to obtain a solution, and realistic time (for example, several seconds to several tens of seconds) that can be accepted in business You cannot get a solution.

  Based on Patent Documents 2 and 3, resource allocation is regarded as a constraint satisfaction problem, and a trial implementation of allocation feasibility determination processing using a typical backtracking method (an improvement plan for brute force search) that solves the constraint satisfaction problem However, since the number of reservations exceeds several tens, the amount of calculation becomes enormous and the solution cannot be obtained.

  The method of Patent Document 1 is a method that gives up verifying a combination of a reservation and a resource, and seems to be a method of assigning a resource to a reservation by simple rearrangement. Therefore, since the combination of the reservation and the resource is not verified, it cannot be said that the resource allocation for the reservation is appropriate.

  The inventor of the present invention has made various trials and examinations. As a result, the resource allocation problem for reservation is not regarded as the constraint satisfaction problem described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, but the satisfiability problem (SATisfiability problem, SAT ) And finding a solution using a SAT solver, we obtained new knowledge that a solution can be found in real time with a higher probability than a constraint satisfaction problem. Of course, the techniques and techniques for converting the reservation and resource allocation problem to SAT do not appear to be disclosed or suggested in prior literature.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and a reservation processing device, a reservation reception terminal, a reservation processing method, and the like, which determine whether resources can be allocated to reservations within a realistic time, And providing a computer program.

  In order to achieve the object, the present invention takes the following means.

That is, the reservation processing apparatus of the present invention, for a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time, a variable setting unit that sets a plurality of variables for representing an allocation state of resources necessary for providing a service;
A first constraint condition generation unit that generates a first constraint condition indicating whether or not the resource can be allocated to the reservation, based on the data related to the resource and the data related to the reservation set in advance;
A second constraint condition generation unit that generates a second constraint condition indicating that the same resource cannot be assigned to a plurality of reservations having overlapping times based on the start time and end time of the reservation;
A SAT processing execution unit that causes a SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable that satisfies a logical expression expressing the constraint condition including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition by the variable;
An allocation determination unit that determines whether the resource can be allocated to the reservation based on a search result by the SAT solver.

  In this way, a plurality of variables indicating reservation and resource allocation states are set, a first constraint condition indicating whether reservation and resource allocation can be performed is generated, and a second constraint condition for considering reservation time is generated. Since these constraint conditions are converted into logical expressions of variables and a solution is obtained by the SAT solver, the allocation problem can be converted into a satisfiability problem instead of a constraint satisfaction problem, and whether or not allocation can be performed within a realistic time is determined. It becomes possible.

  In order to improve the probability of finding a solution in real time, the SAT processing execution unit operates at least two types of SAT solvers including a systematic solver and a probabilistic solver in parallel, and the search result with the earlier search result is obtained. It is preferably configured to employ a solution.

  In order to suppress an increase in calculation cost, it is preferable that the plurality of variables is set to N × M, where N is the number of reservations and M is the number of resources.

  In order to apply to services that require both the service provider and the facility to provide the service, multiple reservations combining new reservations and existing reservations that are subject to determination of whether or not they can be accepted Whether the service provider as the resource can be allocated is determined by the allocation determination unit, and whether the facility as the resource can be allocated to the plurality of reservations is determined When the service provider and the facility are determined to be allocatable, it is determined that the new reservation can be accepted, while at least one of the service provider and the facility is not allocated. It is preferable to have a reservation acceptance determination unit that determines that the new reservation is not acceptable when it is determined that the new reservation is not acceptable.

  Since the present invention has the configuration described above, the allocation problem can be converted into a satisfiability problem instead of a constraint satisfaction problem, and it is possible to determine whether or not the allocation can be performed within a realistic time. Therefore, it is possible to realize the allocation feasibility determination in consideration of all the combination patterns of reservations and resources, which could not be realized by a computer conventionally. Therefore, a higher quality reservation system can be constructed.

The block diagram which shows the reservation processing apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows an example of a reservation. The figure which shows an example of the service provider as a resource. The figure which shows the 1st constraint C showing the allocation of a reservation and a service provider in the case of FIG. 2A-B. The figure which shows an example of a reservation. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a first constraint condition E indicating whether reservations and facilities can be allocated in the case of FIG. 3A. The figure which shows the 2nd constraint condition D in the case of FIG. 2A. The figure which shows the 2nd constraint condition D in the case of FIG. 3A. The flowchart which shows the reservation processing routine which the reservation processing apparatus of 1st Embodiment performs. The flowchart which shows the allocation possibility determination processing routine which the reservation processing apparatus of 1st Embodiment performs. The block diagram which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the reservation processing apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the relationship between the desired new reservation and the existing reservation. Explanatory drawing regarding an alternative reservation production | generation process. Explanatory drawing regarding an alternative reservation extraction process. The flowchart which shows the reservation processing routine which the reservation processing apparatus of 2nd Embodiment performs.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a reservation processing device, a reservation receiving terminal, a reservation processing method, and a computer program according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, in order to facilitate understanding, a treatment service such as relaxation is described as an example of a service. It is assumed that the treatment service includes a plurality of courses such as body massage, Thai massage, sole massage, and Swedish massage. Examples of resources required to provide services include service providers (practitioners) and facilities (body beds, tie beds, sole beds, Swedish beds, etc.). In addition, since these are only illustrated for easy understanding, the present invention is not limited to these.

  The reservation processing apparatus A includes an input unit 1, a control unit 2, a reservation information storage unit 3, a resource information storage unit 4, an allocation verification unit 5, and an output unit 6. When data related to a new reservation is input to the input unit 1, can resources (practitioners and facilities) be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the existing reservation stored in the reservation information storage unit 3 and the new reservation? The assignment verification unit 5 determines whether or not. When the control unit 2 determines that the allocation verification unit 5 can perform allocation, the control unit 2 outputs that a new reservation can be accepted through the output unit 6 such as a display. When the control unit 2 determines that the allocation verification unit 5 cannot allocate, the control unit 2 outputs that the new reservation cannot be accepted through the output unit 6.

  Each of the above-described units 1 to 6 constituting the reservation processing apparatus A executes a predetermined computer program stored in the storage unit in a personal computer having a CPU, a storage unit (memory, etc.), an operation unit and a display (not shown). However, it is realized by the cooperation of software and hardware resources. In the present embodiment, the reservation processing apparatus A is described as a stand-alone type configured with a single personal computer.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the input unit 1 receives input of data related to a new reservation from a user via an operation unit such as a keyboard or a touch panel. The data related to the new reservation includes the start time and end time of the reservation, the type of service (course, etc.), and designation information (designation of the practitioner, gender designation of the practitioner, etc.). The user who inputs data to the input unit 1 may be either a customer or a reception staff.

  The reservation information storage unit 3 includes an existing reservation storage unit 30 that stores existing reservations that have already been confirmed, and a new reservation storage unit 31 that stores new reservations. An existing reservation is a reservation for which a reservation has been committed with a customer. The new reservation is a reservation for which no reservation has been committed with the customer, and is temporarily stored for use by the allocation verification unit 5. The data related to the existing reservation includes the start time and end time of the reservation, the type of service (course, etc.), and designation information (designation of the practitioner, gender designation of the practitioner, etc.), as in the case of the new reservation.

  The resource information storage unit 4 stores information related to resources, and includes a service provider information storage unit 40 and a facility information storage unit 41. In the present embodiment, the resource information storage unit 4 is configured using a relational database system. The service provider information storage unit 40 stores information on at least one service provider (practitioner). Examples of information on the practitioner include the service (course) that the practitioner can take charge of (practice), the gender of the practitioner, and the practicable hours of the practitioner (working time, rest time). The facility information storage unit 41 stores information regarding at least one facility. As an example of information on facilities, there are services (courses) that can be assigned. These pieces of information can also be said to be constraint data indicating whether resources and services can be allocated and constraint data indicating whether resources and reservations can be allocated.

  The control unit 2 controls the operation of each of the units 1 to 6 to control the operation of the entire apparatus A.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the allocation verification unit 5 performs a plurality of reservations (all reservations) including a new reservation and an existing reservation based on data stored in the resource information storage unit 4 and the reservation information storage unit 3. To determine whether resources can be allocated. The allocation verification unit 5 executes a service provider (practitioner) allocation permission determination process and a facility allocation permission determination process (see S102 and S103 in FIG. 5).

  Specifically, the allocation verification unit 5 includes a variable setting unit 50, a first constraint condition generation unit 51, a second constraint condition generation unit 52, a basic constraint generation unit 53, a SAT process execution unit 54, and whether or not allocation is possible. And a determination unit 55.

ｘ_{i j}＝１は、サービス提供者ｉが予約ｊを担当することを意味し、ｘ_{i j}＝０は、担当しないことを意味する。複数の変数は、ｘ_{1 1}、…、ｘ_{M N}というようにＭ×Ｎ個あり、各変数が予約とリソースの割り当て状態を表している。 The variable setting unit 50 sets a plurality of variables indicating the allocation state of resources necessary for providing services for all reservations including existing reservations and new reservations. Here, for the sake of explanation, consider the assignment of service providers (practitioners). If there are M service providers and N reservations, the plurality of variables X can be expressed as follows.

x _ij = 1 means that the service provider i is in charge of the reservation j, and x _ij = 0 means that it is not in charge. There are M × N variables such as x _{1 1} ,..., X _MN , and each variable represents a reservation and resource allocation state.

ｔは真を表し、ｆは偽を表す。ある予約ｊに対してサービス提供者ｉが割り当てられた場合は、ｘ_{i j}＝ｔ（真）となる。 These variables are expressed as logical variables as follows.

t represents true and f represents false. When a service provider i is assigned to a certain reservation j, x _ij = t (true).

  The first constraint condition generation unit 51 refers to the data stored in the reservation information storage unit 3 and the resource information storage unit 4 and determines whether or not resources can be allocated to the reservation based on the data related to the preset resource and the data related to the reservation. A first constraint condition (C, E) representing is generated.

サービス提供者ｉが予約ｊを担当可能（施術可能）である場合は、ｃ_{i j}＝０となり、担当不可の場合はｃ_{i j}＝１となる。このとき、以下の制約が成立する。

論理式では、次のように表される。

すなわち、予約ｊとサービス提供者ｉが割当不可のとき、論理式ｘ_{j i}は偽となる。 In the allocation of service providers (practitioners), the first constraint conditions include gender-specific restrictions, working-time restrictions, rest-time restrictions, practicable (can be in charge) restrictions, practitioner-designated restrictions, etc. There is. In the assignment of service providers (practitioners), the first constraint C can be expressed as follows.

When the service provider i can handle the reservation j (operation is possible), c _ij = 0, and when the service provider i cannot handle the reservation j, c _ij = 1. At this time, the following restrictions hold.

In the logical expression, it is expressed as follows.

That is, when the reservation j and the service provider i cannot be assigned, the logical expression x _ji is false.

”０”は、割当可能を示し、”１”は割当不可を示す。 Here, the allocation by the service provider (practitioner) will be described as an example of the restriction by the practicability (can be handled). As shown in FIG. 2A, it is assumed that there are existing reservations 1 to 3 and it is determined whether or not a new reservation 4 is accepted. Existing reservations 1 and 2 are Thai massage, reservation 3 is sole massage, and reservation 4 is Swedish massage. In the figure, the reservation time is indicated by diagonal lines. For example, reservation 1 has a start time of 14:00 and an end time of 14:30. As shown in FIG. 2B, the number of practitioners (trainers) as service providers is four, and the courses that practitioners 1 to 4 can perform are as shown in the figure. “○” indicates that charge is possible, and “×” indicates that charge is not possible. In this case, since there are 4 reservations and 4 practitioners, 16 variables are set. The first constraint C is generated as shown in FIG.

“0” indicates that allocation is possible, and “1” indicates that allocation is not possible.

施設ｉが予約ｊに割当可能である場合は、ｅ_{i j}＝０となり、割当不可の場合はｅ_{i j}＝１となる。このとき、以下の制約が成立する。

論理式では、次のように表される。

すなわち、予約ｊと施設ｉが割当不可のとき、論理式ｘ_{j i}は偽となる。 In the facility allocation, the first constraint condition includes a constraint due to an allocatable service (course). In the facility allocation, the first constraint condition E can be expressed as follows.

When the facility i can be assigned to the reservation j, e _ij = 0, and when the facility i cannot be assigned, e _ij = 1. At this time, the following restrictions hold.

In the logical expression, it is expressed as follows.

That is, when the reservation j and the facility i cannot be assigned, the logical expression x _ji is false.

”０”は、割当可能を示し、”１”は割当不可を示す。 Here, facility allocation will be described using an example. As shown in FIG. 3A, there are existing reservations 1 to 3 and it is determined whether or not a new reservation 4 is accepted. Reservations 1 and 2 are Thai massages, and Reservations 3 and 4 are sole massages. In the figure, the reservation time is indicated by diagonal lines. The facility has three Thai beds and two sole beds. Thai beds can be used for Thai massage, not for foot sole massage. The sole bed can be used for foot massage, not for Thai massage. In this case, since the number of reservations is 4 and the number of facilities is 5, 20 variables are set. The first constraint E is generated as shown in FIG.

“0” indicates that allocation is possible, and “1” indicates that allocation is not possible.

Ｄは、上三角行列であり、対角要素はすべて０である。ｄ_{j1 j2}＝０は、同一の施術者が予約j₁と予約j₂を施術（担当）できないことを表す。このとき、次の式が成立する。

論理式では、次のように表される。

これは、予約j₁と予約j₂を同一の施術者が担当できないときは、

という論理式が真になることを意味する。 Returning to FIG. 1, the second constraint condition generation unit 52 refers to the data stored in the reservation information storage unit 3 and is the same for a plurality of reservations with overlapping times based on the start time and end time of the reservation. A second constraint condition indicating that the resource cannot be allocated is generated. The second constraint condition D can be expressed as follows.

D is an upper triangular matrix and all diagonal elements are zero. d _{j1 j2} = 0 indicates that the same practitioner cannot perform (responsible) reservation j ₁ and reservation j ₂ . At this time, the following equation is established.

In the logical expression, it is expressed as follows.

This is because when the same practitioner is not in charge of reservation j ₁ and reservation j ₂ ,

Means that the logical expression becomes true.

図３Ａに示す例の場合は、図４Ｂ及び次のように生成される。

Here, a specific example of the second constraint condition will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 2A, reservation 1 overlaps with reservation 2, but does not overlap with other reservations. Although reservation 2 overlaps with reservations 1 and 3, it does not overlap with other reservations. Although reservation 3 overlaps with reservations 2 and 4, it does not overlap with other reservations. Although reservation 4 overlaps with reservation 3, it does not overlap with other reservations. In this case, the second constraint condition D is generated as shown in FIG. 4A and as follows.

In the case of the example shown in FIG. 3A, it is generated as shown in FIG. 4B and the following.

  In addition, it is conceivable to provide one variable for each time zone as in the time table format in which the time is divided at predetermined intervals, but in this case, the necessary variables become enormous and the calculation time increases. It is possible. Furthermore, it is not possible to specify an arbitrary time such as a 30-minute unit or a 1-minute increment, instead of a delimited unit. However, with the second constraint condition D as in the present invention, it is possible to specify an arbitrary time such as 30 minutes or 1 minute because only the reservations are checked. Nevertheless, since the number of variables is M × N and the necessary minimum number, the calculation time does not increase unnecessarily.

論理式で表現するには、at-least-one制約とat-most-one制約の二つの式に分けて表現できる。
at-least-one制約は、ある予約に対して割り当てるリソースが少なくとも１つ存在することを意味する。論理式では、次のように表される。

at-most-one制約は、ある予約に対して割り当てるリソースが多くても１つ存在することを意味する。論理式では、次のように表される。

ただし、Ｍは２以上である。 Returning to FIG. 1, the basic constraint generation unit 53 refers to the variable set by the variable setting unit 50 and generates a trivial constraint in reservation and resource allocation. The obvious restriction is that one resource (service provider, facility) must be assigned to one reservation, and the number of assigned resources must not be 2 or more or 0. This constraint can be expressed as:

To express it in a logical expression, it can be divided into two expressions, an at-least-one constraint and an at-most-one constraint.
The at-least-one constraint means that there is at least one resource allocated for a certain reservation. In the logical expression, it is expressed as follows.

The at-most-one constraint means that there is at most one resource allocated for a reservation. In the logical expression, it is expressed as follows.

However, M is 2 or more.

  The SAT process execution unit 54 causes the SAT solver to search for a solution of a variable that satisfies a logical expression expressing the constraint condition including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition as a variable. Specifically, the SAT process execution unit 54 includes a logical expression conversion unit 54a, a systematic solver 54b, and a probabilistic solver 54c.

であるので、論理変数Ｘ_{i j}（i∈｛1,2,3,4｝、j∈｛1,2,3,4｝）を用いて表現すると、
第１の制約条件Ｃの論理式は、

となる。 In the logical expression conversion unit 54a, the variable setting unit 50 sets the constraint conditions (C, E, D, etc.) generated by the first constraint condition generation unit 51, the second constraint condition generation unit 52, and the basic constraint generation unit 53. Convert to logical expression of variable X. For example, in the example of FIG. 2A, the first constraint C is

Therefore, when expressed using the logical variable X _ij (i∈ {1,2,3,4}, j∈ {1,2,3,4}),
The logical expression of the first constraint C is

It becomes.

である。これを論理変数を用いて表現すると、第２の制約条件Ｄの論理式は、

となる。 The second constraint condition D illustrated in FIG.

It is. When this is expressed using logical variables, the logical expression of the second constraint condition D is

It becomes.

となる。 Among the obvious logical expressions, the at-least-one constraint is, for example, when N = 4 and M = 4,

It becomes.

となる。 Among the obvious logical expressions, the at-most-one constraint is, for example, when N = 4 and M = 4,

It becomes.

When the constraint condition including the first constraint condition C, the second constraint condition D, and the obvious constraint is expressed by a logical expression,
(Logical expression of first constraint C) ∧ (Logical expression of second constraint D) ∧ (Logical expression of trivial constraint)
It becomes. That is, a logical expression is generated by combining the first constraint condition, the second constraint condition, and the obvious constraint condition with AND (∧). The reason for AND connection is to make the SAT solver search for a solution in which all the above logical expressions are true. In order to input this logical expression to the SAT solver, it is converted into a DIMACS format which is a standard input / output format of the SAT solver. In the above, the logical expression is constructed using the logical variable X _ij (i∈ {1,2,3,4}, j∈ {1,2,3,4}). The logical variable X _ij (iε {1,2,3,4}, jε {1,2,3,4}) is changed to 16 logical variables (X ₁ , X ₂ ,..., X ₁₅ , X ₁₆ ). The logical expression is constructed with 16 logical variables. Since the DIMACS format is a standard format used for the SAT solver, the description is omitted.

  The SAT (SATisfiability problem, SAT) solver, when given a propositional formula, sets the value of the variable contained in it to false or true to make the whole value 'true'. It is a program that solves the problem of being able to do it. The output information includes “SAT” which means that there is a combination in which a given logical expression is true, and “UNSAT” which means that there is no combination. “SAT” indicates that assignment is possible, and a solution is also output at that time.

  There are two types of SAT solvers, a systematic solver 54b (systematic solver) and a stochastic solver 54c (stochastic solver). The systematic solver 54b is based on an algorithm for performing a systematic search, and can determine “SAT” or “UNSAT” if there is sufficient time. Based on a systematic search algorithm, the same problem can be solved at the same time each time. However, there are problems that cannot be solved (problems). In the present embodiment, “MiniSAT” which is a systematic solver is used. Of course, any systematic solver can be used other than “MiniSAT”.

  In contrast to the systematic solver 54b, the probabilistic solver 54c is based on an algorithm that performs a probabilistic local search using random numbers, has no weakness problem, and generally has the ability to determine “SAT” by the systematic solver. Is excellent. On the other hand, the probabilistic solver 54c has a drawback that UNSAT determination cannot be performed, and furthermore, since random numbers are used, the time required for solving the same problem varies every time. In this embodiment, “WalkSAT” which is a probabilistic solver is used. Of course, other than “WalkSAT” can be used as long as it is a probabilistic solver.

  The SAT process execution unit 54 inputs the logical expression converted by the logical expression conversion unit 54a to both the systematic solver 54b and the probabilistic solver 54c, and simultaneously searches for solutions in parallel. When a search result is returned from one of the solvers, the execution of the other solver is stopped, and the solution with the earlier search result is adopted.

  The allocation availability determination unit 55 determines whether resources can be allocated to the reservation based on the search result obtained by the SAT process execution unit 54. Specifically, if it is “SAT”, it is determined that allocation is possible, and if it is “UNSAT” or if there is no answer even after a predetermined time, it is determined that allocation is not possible.

  The operation of the above apparatus will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, when data related to a new reservation is input to the input unit (see S101: YES), the control unit 2 stores the existing reservation stored in the reservation information storage unit 3 in step S102. The allocation verification unit 5 determines whether or not the service provider (resource) can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the new reservation. In step S103, the control unit 2 causes the allocation verification unit 5 to determine whether a facility (resource) can be allocated to the plurality of reservations. The process of S102 and the process of S103 may be executed in parallel, and when executing sequentially, the execution order can be arbitrarily changed. Next, when it is determined in step S104 that both the service provider and the facility can be assigned (S104: YES), the control unit 2 determines in step S105 that a new reservation can be accepted. On the other hand, if it is determined that at least one of the service provider and the facility cannot be assigned (S104: NO), the function as the reservation acceptance determination unit 20 determines that the new reservation cannot be accepted in step S106. To do. Next, when it is determined that the new reservation can be accepted, the control unit 2 outputs that the new reservation can be accepted through the output unit 6 (S107). On the other hand, when it is determined that the new reservation cannot be accepted, the control unit 2 outputs that the new reservation cannot be accepted through the output unit 6 (S107).

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an allocation determination process routine for determining whether resources can be allocated to a plurality of reservations. When the control unit 2 instructs the execution of the allocation possibility determination process, the allocation verification unit 5 is stored in the resource information storage unit 4 and the reservation information storage unit 3 in step S201 as shown in FIGS. Get data about available resources and reservations. In the next step S202, the variable setting unit 50 sets a plurality of variables X for representing resource allocation states for a plurality of reservations. In the next step S203, the first constraint condition generator 51 generates a first constraint condition indicating whether or not resources can be allocated to the reservation based on the data related to the resource and the reservation. For example, the constraint conditions (C, E) shown in FIG. 2C and FIG. 3B can be mentioned. In the next step S204, the second constraint condition generation unit 52 indicates the second constraint indicating that the same resource cannot be allocated to a plurality of reservations having overlapping times based on the start time and the end time of the reservation. Generate a condition. For example, the constraint condition (D) shown in FIG. 4A or 4B can be mentioned. In the next step S205, the basic constraint generation unit 53 generates a trivial constraint based on the number of resources and the number of reservations. In the next step S206, the logical expression conversion unit 54a converts the first constraint condition (C, E), the second constraint condition D, and the constraint condition including the obvious constraint into the logical expression of the variable. In the next step S207, the SAT process execution unit 54 executes the systematic solver 54b and the probabilistic solver 54c in parallel. In the next step S208, the SAT process execution unit 54 determines whether a response from any solver is within a predetermined time. If there is a response within a predetermined time (S208: YES), the execution of the other solver is stopped, and in the next step S209, the SAT process execution unit 54 determines whether the response result of the solver is “SAT”. Determine whether or not. In step S209, when the result is “SAT” (S209: YES), in next step S210, the allocation possibility determination unit 55 determines that the allocation is possible, and the allocation permission determination process ends. On the other hand, if there is no response within the predetermined time in step 208 (S208: NO), or if the response result from the solver is not “SAT” in step S209 (S209: NO), the allocation possibility determination unit 55 determines that allocation is not possible (S211), and ends the allocation determination process.

<Modification of First Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the input unit 1 is configured to accept a new reservation through the operation unit, the output unit 6 is a display, and the reservation processing apparatus A is a so-called stand-alone type. A server client type such as In the case of a web application, the input unit 1 and the output unit 6 serve as a web application interface (for example, CGI).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the reservation processing device A may be configured to receive an operation from the user via the reservation receiving terminal B. In this case, the input unit 1 and the output unit 6 are communication units that communicate with the reservation receiving terminal B via a network NW such as the Internet or a LAN. The reservation reception terminal B includes an operation unit B1 that receives input of data necessary for a new reservation including a start time and service content, and a communication unit B3 that can communicate with the reservation processing device A via the network NW. Whether or not a new reservation can be accepted is determined by the reservation acceptability determination unit 20 of the reservation processing apparatus A, and a communication unit B3 that receives the determination result, and a display B2 that displays the determination result received by the communication unit B3 Have. The reservation receiving terminal B is configured by a computer having a CPU and a memory (not shown).

  As described above, the reservation processing apparatus A according to the first embodiment sets a plurality of variables X for representing the allocation state of resources necessary for providing a service for a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time. A variable setting unit 50; a first constraint condition generating unit 51 that generates a first constraint condition (C, E) indicating whether resources can be allocated to a reservation based on data relating to a resource set in advance and data relating to a reservation; A second constraint condition generation unit 52 that generates a second constraint condition D indicating that the same resource cannot be allocated to a plurality of reservations with overlapping times based on the start time and the end time of the reservation; The SAT processing execution unit 5 that causes the SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable X that satisfies the logical expression expressing the constraint condition (C, E, D) including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition by the variable X. With the, the allocation determination unit 55 determines a resource allocation availability for reservation based on the search result by the SAT solver, a.

  As described above, a plurality of variables X representing the reservation and resource allocation state are set, the first constraint condition (C or E) indicating whether the reservation and the resource can be allocated is generated, and the reservation time is taken into consideration. 2 constraints D are generated, and these constraints are converted into logical expressions of the variable X, and a solution is obtained by the SAT solver. Therefore, the assignment problem can be converted into a satisfiability problem instead of a constraint satisfaction problem, and realistic. It becomes possible to determine whether allocation is possible within the time.

  In the first embodiment, the SAT processing execution unit 54 is configured to operate at least two types of SAT solvers including a systematic solver 54b and a probabilistic solver 54c in parallel, and adopt a solution with a faster search result. Has been.

  According to this configuration, a systematic solver that can determine that there is no solution but has a weak problem and a probabilistic solver that has few problems but cannot determine that there is no solution are operated in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to improve the probability of finding a solution in real time by avoiding a divergent state in which no solution is found.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, when the number of reservations is N and the number of resources is M, the plurality of variables X are set to N × M. In this way, since the number of variables can be minimized, it is possible to suppress an increase in calculation cost.

Further, in the first embodiment, whether or not a service provider as a resource can be assigned to a plurality of reservations including a new reservation and an existing reservation to be judged whether or not acceptance is possible is assigned. While letting the determination unit 55 determine,
Whether or not a facility as a resource can be allocated to a plurality of reservations is determined by the allocation determination unit 55,
When it is determined that both the service provider and the facility can be allocated, it is determined that a new reservation can be accepted, while when it is determined that at least one of the service provider and the facility cannot be allocated, a new reservation is made. Has a reservation acceptance determination unit 20 that determines that it is not acceptable.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to apply to a service that requires both the service provider and the facility for providing the service.

  The reservation receiving terminal B of the first embodiment includes an operation unit B1 that receives input of data necessary for a new reservation including a start time and service content, and a communication unit B3 that can communicate with the reservation processing apparatus A via the network NW. Then, the reservation acceptability determination unit 20 of the reservation processing apparatus A determines whether the accepted new reservation is acceptable, and the communication unit B3 that receives the determination result and the determination result received by the communication unit B3. Display B2. Such a reservation receiving terminal B is useful because the reservation processing apparatus A can be used via the network NW.

  The reservation processing apparatus A according to the first embodiment executes the reservation processing method described below. In other words, the reservation processing method is a method executed by a computer, and a step of setting a plurality of variables for representing an allocation state of resources necessary for providing a service for a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time. (S202), a step of generating a first constraint condition indicating whether or not a resource can be allocated to a reservation (S203), based on preset data on the resource and data on the reservation, and on the start time and end time of the reservation Generating a second constraint condition indicating that the same resource cannot be allocated to a plurality of reservations with overlapping times (S204), and including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition A step of causing a SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable satisfying a logical expression expressing a constraint condition by the variable (S206, Has a 207), and determining the allocation availability of resources to reserved based on the search result by SAT solver (S210, S211), the. By executing this method, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the above apparatus.

  The reservation processing apparatus A according to the first embodiment can be realized by executing a computer program described below. That is, the computer program sets a plurality of variables (S202) for representing allocation states of resources necessary for providing a service for a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time, and a preset resource Generating a first constraint condition indicating whether or not resources can be allocated to the reservation based on the data related to the reservation and the data related to the reservation (S203), and for a plurality of reservations whose time overlaps based on the start time and end time of the reservation Generating a second constraint condition indicating that the same resource cannot be allocated (S204), and a logical expression expressing the constraint condition including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition by the variable A step of causing a SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable satisfying (S206, S207), and a SAT solver According Result determining resource allocation availability for reservation based on the (S210, S211), it causes the computer to execute.

Second Embodiment
A reservation processing apparatus, reservation processing method, and computer program according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is common in 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As illustrated in FIG. 8, the reservation processing device A ′ includes a control unit 102. The control unit 102 functions as the reservation acceptability determination unit 20, and also functions as an alternative reservation generation unit 21 and an alternative reservation extraction unit 22.

  The alternative reservation generating unit 21 generates an alternative reservation that replaces the new reservation that the customer desires input to the input unit 1. An alternative reservation is a reservation whose start time is different from that of a new reservation, but whose contents (type, designation information, etc.) are the same except for the time. The alternative reservation can be used when the reservation cannot be received at the start time desired by the customer, or when the reservation can be received but the customer is to be guided so that the start time is advantageous for the store. An alternative reservation is conditioned on starting from an already established end time of an existing reservation or ending at an existing reservation start time. The alternative reservation generation process acquires the data of an existing reservation, calculates the start time of the alternative reservation by adding / subtracting the time required for the new reservation desired by the customer to the start time and end time of the existing reservation, and substitute reservation Is generated.

  The alternative reservation generation process will be described using a specific example. As shown in FIG. 9A with an oblique line, the existing reservation 1 of the 30-minute course starting at 14:10 and the existing reservation 2 of the 50-minute course starting at 14:10 exist as a new reservation 14 : Assume that a 40-minute course starting at 30 is desired. In this case, if the reservation is accepted as it is, a maximum of three reservations are overlapped in the same time period, which is not preferable in terms of effective use of resources. Therefore, the alternative reservation generation unit 21 refers to the data related to the existing reservation stored in the reservation information storage unit 3 and starts from the end time of the existing reservation or ends at the start time of the existing reservation. Generate an alternate reservation. In the example of FIG. 9A, since there are two existing reservations, as shown in FIG. 9B, a total of four alternative reservations that start at the start time of each existing reservation and alternative reservations that start from the end time are generated. The alternative reservation 1 is a reservation whose start time is 13:30 and ends at the start time 14:10 of the existing reservation 1. The alternative reservation 2 is a reservation whose start time is 13:40 and ends at the start time 14:20 of the existing reservation 2. The alternative reservation 3 has a start time of 14:40 and starts from the end time 14:30 of the existing reservation 1. The alternative reservation 4 has a start time of 15:10 and starts from an existing reservation end time of 15:10.

  The alternative reservation extracting unit 22 extracts, from the alternative reservations 1 to 4 generated by the alternative reservation generating unit 21, an alternative reservation in which the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is equal to or less than a predetermined time. The predetermined time is set in advance, and examples thereof include 30 minutes, 40 minutes, and 1 hour. This process is performed to eliminate such alternative bookings when it is not desirable to propose alternatives that have a significant time lag from the starting time of the booking that the customer desires.

  The alternative reservation extraction process will be described using a specific example. In the example shown in FIG. 9B, if the predetermined time is 50 minutes, as shown in FIG. 9C, the start time within 50 minutes before and after the start time 14:30 of the new reservation desired by the customer among the alternative reservations 1 to 4 Alternative reservations 2 to 4 in which are present are extracted. Alternative reservation 1 is excluded because it does not meet the conditions. Specifically, for each of the alternative reservations 1 to 4, the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is calculated. And the process which searches the alternative reservation from which the calculated time difference becomes 50 minutes or less is performed.

  Whether the allocation verification unit 5 is able to allocate resources necessary for providing services to a plurality of reservations, which include an alternative reservation and an existing reservation, for each of the alternative reservations extracted by the alternative reservation extraction unit 22 Determine whether. Of course, you may make the allocation verification part 5 judge via the reservation acceptance determination part 20 like 1st Embodiment.

  The presentation unit 106 serving as an output unit presents an alternative reservation that is determined to be assignable by the assignment verification unit 5. Specifically, one or a plurality of alternative reservations determined to be assignable may be listed on the display, or may be displayed on the display of another device via the network.

  The operation of the above apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. First, when data necessary for a new reservation including the service content and its start time is input to the input unit 1 (see S301: YES), the alternative reservation generating unit 21 stores the data in the existing reservation storage unit 30 in step S302. Get existing reservation data. In the next step S303, the alternative reservation generating unit 21 generates an alternative reservation on condition that the service content is the same as that of the new reservation and starts from the end time of the existing reservation or ends at the start time of the existing reservation. . In the example of FIG. 9B, alternative reservations 1 to 4 are generated. In the next step S304, the alternative reservation extraction unit 22 extracts an alternative reservation in which the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is equal to or less than a predetermined time. In the example of FIG. 9C, alternative reservations 1 to 4 to 2 to 4 are extracted. In the next step S305, the allocation verification unit 5 determines whether resources can be allocated to a reservation that is a combination of an alternative reservation and an existing reservation. This determination process is individually verified for all the alternative reservations 2 to 4. When all the alternative reservations are determined (see S306: YES), in the next step S307, the presenting unit 106 presents the alternative reservations determined to be assignable.

<Modification of Second Embodiment>
In the second embodiment, the alternative reservation extraction unit 22 is provided, but the alternative reservation extraction unit 22 may be omitted. In this way, when the store staff uses it, there is no limit to the range of alternative reservations to be presented to the customer, so it is possible to easily carry out proposals with wider options.

  In the second embodiment, the input unit 1 is configured to accept a new reservation via the operation unit, the output unit 6 is a display, and the reservation processing apparatus A is a so-called stand-alone type. A server client type such as a Web server may be used. In the case of a web application, the input unit 1 and the output unit 6 serve as a web application interface (for example, CGI). Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the reservation processing device A may be configured to receive an operation from the user via the reservation receiving terminal B. The specific configuration is the same as described above. That is, the reservation receiving terminal B is an operation unit B1 that receives input of data necessary for a new reservation including a start time and service contents, and a communication unit B3 that can communicate with the reservation processing device A ′ via a network. Among the alternative reservations corresponding to the received new reservation, the communication unit B3 that receives the alternative reservations determined to be assignable by the assignment verification unit 5, and the display B2 that displays the alternative reservations received by the communication unit B3. Prepare.

  As described above, the reservation processing apparatus A ′ according to the second embodiment has the same reservation as that of the input unit 1 to which data necessary for a new reservation including the service contents and the start time thereof is input. The alternative reservation generation unit 21 for generating the alternative reservation (1-4) that starts from the end time of the existing reservation that has already been established or ends at the start time of the existing reservation, and the alternative reservation (1-4), respectively The allocation verification unit 5 that determines whether or not the resources necessary for providing the service can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the alternative reservation and the existing reservation, and can be allocated by the allocation verification unit 5 And a presentation unit 106 for presenting the determined alternative reservation.

  If you accept a new reservation at the start time that the customer wants as it is, there may be an increase in duplicate reservations during the same time period, and there may be wasted free time between reservations. It is not preferable. If configured as in the present embodiment, an alternative reservation is generated so as to end at the start time of the existing reservation or start from the end time of the existing reservation, it is determined whether resource allocation is possible, and it is determined that allocation is possible Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of overlapping reservations during the same time period and the occurrence of a wasteful free time between the reservations.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, an alternative reservation extraction unit 22 that extracts, from the alternative reservation generated by the alternative reservation generation unit 21, an alternative reservation in which the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is equal to or less than a predetermined time. Have The allocation verification unit 5 determines whether or not resources can be allocated to the alternative reservation extracted by the alternative reservation extraction unit 22. According to this configuration, it is possible to avoid proposing an alternative with a significant time difference from the reservation start time desired by the customer, so that a useful proposal can be made. Nevertheless, since the number of alternative reservations to be verified for allocation can be reduced, the calculation cost can be reduced.

  The reservation processing apparatus A ′ according to the second embodiment executes the reservation processing method described below. That is, the reservation processing method is a method executed by a computer, and starts from the end time of an existing reservation that has already been confirmed when the service content is the same as the new reservation including the service content and its start time, or Step (S303) of generating an alternative reservation (1-4) that ends at the start time of the existing reservation, and providing each of the alternative reservations with a plurality of reservations including the alternative reservation and the existing reservation A step (S305) for determining whether or not resources required for the allocation can be allocated, and a step (S307) for presenting an alternative reservation determined to be allocated. By executing this method, it is possible to obtain the same operational effects as those of the device A ′.

  The reservation processing apparatus A ′ according to the second embodiment can be realized by executing a computer program described below. In other words, the computer program is a reservation that has the same service content as the new reservation including the service content and its start time, and starts from the end time of the existing reservation that has already been confirmed, or the alternative reservation that ends at the start time of the existing reservation. (1-4) generating step (S303), and for each of the alternative reservations, whether or not resources necessary for providing the service can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the alternative reservation and the existing reservation The computer is caused to execute a step (S305) for determining whether or not and a step (S307) for presenting an alternative reservation determined to be assignable.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, it should be thought that a specific structure is not limited to these embodiment. The scope of the present invention is shown not only by the above description of the embodiments but also by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, in this embodiment, the resource is described as a service provider (practitioner; trainer) and a facility, but the present invention is not limited to this. Further, although two resources (practitioner and facility) are allocated to one reservation, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one resource may be assigned to one reservation, or three or more resources may be assigned to one reservation.

  For example, in the second embodiment, the allocation verification unit 5 performs the allocation determination process using the SAT solver described in the first embodiment, but in the invention presenting the alternative reservation described in the second embodiment. As long as it is possible to determine whether resources can be allocated to the reservation, the present invention is not limited to the contents of the first embodiment. For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3 and other methods may be used to determine whether allocation is possible.

  The specific configuration of each unit is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

A, A '... reservation processing device 20 ... reservation acceptability determination unit 50 ... variable setting unit 51 ... first constraint condition generation unit 52 ... second constraint condition generation unit 54 ... SAT process execution unit 54b ... systematic solver 54c ... probability Solver 55 ... Allocation availability determination unit B ... Reservation receiving terminal B1 ... Operation unit B2 ... Display B3 ... Communication unit

Claims (13)

For a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time, it is a variable for representing an allocation state of resources necessary for providing a service, where the number of reservations is N, the number of resources is M, and N × A variable setting unit for setting M variables;
A first constraint condition generation unit that generates a first constraint condition indicating whether or not the resource can be allocated to the reservation, based on the data related to the resource and the data related to the reservation set in advance;
Based on the start and end times of the reservation, second constraint condition generating unit which generates a second constraint that represents all of the resources that the same resources are not allocated to a plurality of reservation time overlap When,
A SAT processing execution unit that causes a SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable that satisfies a logical expression expressing the constraint condition including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition by the variable;
An allocation determination unit for determining whether to allocate the resource to the reservation based on a search result by the SAT solver;
A reservation processing apparatus.   The SAT processing execution unit is configured to operate at least two types of SAT solvers including a systematic solver and a probabilistic solver in parallel, and adopt a solution with a faster search result. The reservation processing device described. The allocation determination unit determines whether or not a service provider as the resource can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including a combination of a new reservation and an existing reservation to be received. With
Whether or not the facility as the resource can be allocated to the plurality of reservations is determined by the allocation determination unit,
When it is determined that both the service provider and the facility can be allocated, it is determined that the new reservation can be accepted, while at least one of the service provider and the facility is determined to be unassignable. case, the determining reservation acceptance decision unit and the new reservation is not possible acceptance has, reservation processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. An operation unit that accepts input of data necessary for a new reservation including a start time and service contents;
A communication unit capable of communicating with the reservation processing device according to claim 3 via a network, and causing the reservation acceptability determination unit of the reservation processing device to determine whether or not the accepted new reservation is acceptable, A communication unit that receives the determination result;
A display for displaying the determination result received by the communication unit;
A reservation reception terminal comprising: An input unit for inputting data necessary for a new reservation including the service content and its start time;
An alternative reservation generating unit that generates an alternative reservation that starts from an end time of an existing reservation that is the same reservation as the new reservation and that has already been confirmed, or ends at the start time of the existing reservation;
For each of the alternative reservations, an allocation verification unit that determines whether or not a resource necessary for providing a service can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the alternative reservation and the existing reservation;
A presentation unit for presenting an alternative reservation determined to be allocatable by the allocation verification unit;
I have a,
The allocation verification unit includes the variable setting unit, the first constraint condition generation unit, the second constraint condition generation unit, the SAT process execution unit, and the allocation availability determination unit. of reservation processing equipment. An alternative reservation extraction unit that extracts an alternative reservation from which the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is a predetermined time or less from the alternative reservation generated by the alternative reservation generation unit;
The reservation processing apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the allocation verification unit determines whether or not the resource can be allocated for the alternative reservation extracted by the alternative reservation extraction unit. An operation unit that accepts input of data necessary for a new reservation including a start time and service contents;
A communication unit capable of communicating with the reservation processing apparatus according to claim 5 or 6 via a network, wherein the alternative reservation corresponding to the received new reservation is determined to be assignable by the assignment verification unit. A communication unit that receives
A display for displaying the alternative reservation received by the communication unit;
A reservation reception terminal comprising: A method performed by a computer,
For a plurality of reservations having a start time and an end time, it is a variable for representing an allocation state of resources necessary for providing a service, where the number of reservations is N, the number of resources is M, and N × Setting M variables;
Generating a first constraint condition indicating whether or not the resource can be allocated to the reservation based on the data related to the resource and the data related to the reservation set in advance;
Generating a second constraint condition for all resources indicating that the same resource cannot be allocated to a plurality of reservations having overlapping times based on the start time and end time of the reservation;
Causing a SAT solver to search for a solution of the variable that satisfies a logical expression expressing the constraint condition including the first constraint condition and the second constraint condition by the variable;
Determining whether the resource can be allocated to the reservation based on a search result by the SAT solver;
A reservation processing method. The reservation processing method according to claim 8 , further comprising a step of operating at least two types of SAT solvers including a systematic solver and a probabilistic solver in parallel and adopting a solution having a faster search result. While determining whether or not a service provider as the resource can be assigned to a plurality of reservations that are a combination of a new reservation and an existing reservation to be determined whether or not reception is possible,
It is determined whether or not a facility as the resource can be assigned to the plurality of reservations,
When it is determined that both the service provider and the facility can be allocated, it is determined that the new reservation can be accepted, while at least one of the service provider and the facility is determined to be unassignable. The step of determining that the new reservation is unacceptable,
The reservation processing method according to claim 8 or 9 , further comprising: A method performed by a computer,
A new reservation including a service content and its start time and the service content are the same reservation, and a step of generating an alternative reservation that starts from an already established end time of an existing reservation or ends at the start time of the existing reservation When,
The method according to claim 8 , wherein, for each of the alternative reservations, whether or not a resource necessary for providing a service can be allocated to a plurality of reservations including the alternative reservation and the existing reservation is executed. And determining,
Presenting an alternative reservation determined to be assignable;
A reservation processing method. A step of extracting an alternative reservation from which the difference between the start time of the alternative reservation and the start time of the new reservation is a predetermined time or less from the generated alternative reservation;
The reservation processing method according to claim 11 , wherein it is determined whether or not the resource can be assigned to the extracted alternative reservation. A computer program for causing a computer to execute the reservation processing method according to any one of claims 8 to 12 .

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