JP6122428B2 - Turbine engine drive shaft device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbine engine drive shaft device.

  A drive shaft is a shaft that extends radially in a turbine engine and is suitable for starting the engine or operating another item of main equipment from the outside. The drive shaft passes through the gas flow path but is housed in the radial arm, which reduces the turbulence and efficiency loss of the gas flow and is sealed to prevent leakage of lubricating oil into the gas flow It becomes a state. The bearings are often placed around the middle of the shaft to support the shaft. With reference to French Patent Nos. 2824362 and 292423, the existing structure of the drive shaft is described, but this is a structure different from the present invention. In addition, British Patent 926947 discloses another structure.

  The existing stator has a circular so-called intermediate casing, a so-called outer ferrule that is circular and concentric with the intermediate casing and surrounds the intermediate casing, and a flow in which the intermediate casing and the ferrule are integrated by connecting the intermediate casing to the ferrule. In many cases, it is an integral structure with guide vanes. The radial arm is disposed at a predetermined position in the circumference of the vane so as to reinforce the connection between the intermediate casing and the ferrule, and is firmly connected to the intermediate casing and the ferrule, and one of the radial arms is a drive Including shaft. The shaft support bearing is usually attached to a single support member having an attachment flange bolted to the end flange of the intermediate casing.

  Lubrication of equipment adjacent to the shaft, such as a bearing, can be done from the inside of the shaft by centrifugation and placement of lubrication ducts, baffles and scoops, or by external supply. A cylindrical sheath is provided around the shaft to keep the amount of lubricating oil in the shaft so that the lubricating oil does not diffuse into the circular casing that the shaft traverses. However, providing these sheaths complicates the engine structure, and in order to accommodate the sheath in the radial arm, it is necessary to increase the width of the radial arm and hence the central portion of the arm portion. It will obstruct the gas flow. Furthermore, attaching the bearing to the support member bolted to the casing causes a poor position accuracy, and thus adversely affects accurate shaft alignment. Finally, when the radial arm is no longer integrated with the outer ferrule and intermediate casing, but is assembled with these parts, it maintains a tight seal between the lubrication area surrounding the shaft and the outside of the wheel, especially the flow path Although more difficult to do, this structure is advantageous in that respect because it is less complex to manufacture than the monolithic structure and the vanes can be replaced as needed.

French Patent No. 2824362 French Patent No. 292,423 British Patent 926947

  The present invention is a turbine engine driveshaft apparatus suitable for preventing the various disadvantages described above, particularly for turbine engine structures in which vanes and radial arms are assembled with ferrules and casings after being manufactured separately. Related to the device.

  This radial arm is in principle a guide shape located behind the blower vane and is incorporated in the intermediate casing, usually referred to as an “OGV arm” and mechanically incorporated in the intermediate casing. .

The radial arm is suitable for providing the above-mentioned or proposed three functions. That means
-Aerodynamic guidance function;
The function of structural reinforcement of the intermediate casing and thus the turbine engine,
The mechanical integration function of forming an intermediate bearing housing for the radial shaft;

  This “OGV arm” is sealed so as to be integrated with the intermediate bearing of the drive shaft.

  In a general embodiment, the present invention comprises, in addition to a shaft, a circular casing, a circular ferrule surrounding the casing, a hollow radial arm connecting the casing to the ferrule and traversed by the shaft, up to the casing A turbine comprising: an extending radial arm; and a shaft support bearing attached to a support member fixed to the casing, wherein the radial arm is assembled with the casing rather than being integral with the casing, and the radial arm includes a boss with a vertical hole. An engine drive shaft device comprising a sleeve for coupling an arm with a casing, the boss and the sleeve are assembled by engaging each other, the shaft passes through the boss and the sleeve, and a seal portion is formed between the sleeve and the boss. And make sure that the bearing is installed in the sleeve. It relates to a device for the butterflies.

  The sleeve that surrounds the drive shaft resembles a sheath with a known structure, but does not extend to the radial arm, but acts as a joint that joins the arm and casing to ensure a tight seal from the outside However, the joint portion of the conventional structure has material continuity. Sealing with a sleeve with a seal eliminates the need for continuity between the radial arm and the casing, and the absence of a sleeve or sheath within the radial arm reduces the width of the radial arm, Ultimately, the use of a sleeve for mounting the bearing will facilitate the flow of the surrounding gas, so that the sleeve is sufficiently accurate, generally along the axis of the bearing at a position adjacent to the bearing mounting position. Since it is attached to the casing, it is a significant advantage.

  Advantageously, the opposite side of the radial arm also has a similar structure, i.e. the radial arm is assembled with the ferrule rather than being integral with the ferrule, and the device is further coupled to connect the ferrule to the arm by sealing A sleeve may be provided, and the other may pass through the other sleeve.

  In general, where guide vanes are present, the radial arm may be formed independently of the ferrule and assembled with the ferrule without loss of hermeticity. The second sleeve is further formed by traversing the drive shaft while ensuring the degree of freedom of the position between the outer ferrule of the casing and the OGV arm by shortening the joint between the ferrule and the OGV arm. The cavity can be reliably sealed.

  The sleeve (or both sleeves, if present) advantageously comprises two cylindrical bearings, each inserted into a holed boss in the arm and a holed boss in either the casing or the ferrule, Continues from a seal that extends around the bearing. Therefore, assembly is particularly simple.

  However, in other structures, the sleeve may be integrated with the casing.

  The sleeve advantageously extends into the casing from the outer radius to the inner radius of the casing, so that only the sleeve can prevent diffusion of the lubricating oil inside the casing. A simple structure suitable for obtaining such an effect is that the casing has two continuous holed bosses into which the two cylindrical bearings of the sleeve are respectively inserted, and a seal portion is disposed between the boss and the bearing. Realized when done.

  The present invention is often applied to a double-flow turbine engine having two concentric flow paths, and the casing is an intermediate casing that separates the flow paths. The sleeve thus serves to hermetically connect the cavity traversed by the drive shaft within the radial arm (crossing the outer secondary flow path) and an additional radial arm crossing the inner primary flow path.

  Advantageously, the lubrication is performed by flowing a portion of the lubricating oil to the bearing through a conduit passing through the shaft and a drill hole extending across the shaft from the conduit to the bearing.

  Furthermore, the improvement is that the shaft is lubricated normally, i.e., through a drill hole extending across the shaft from the conduit to a circular chamber guided by the groove, You may form in two parts joined by a groove part.

  Another aspect of the present invention is an aircraft turbine engine comprising the apparatus described above and an aircraft comprising the turbine engine.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

It is the figure which showed the structure of the prior art. It is a figure of a wheel with a vane. 1 is an overall view of a possible embodiment of the present invention. It is detail drawing of this embodiment. It is detail drawing of this embodiment. It is detail drawing of this embodiment. It is detail drawing of this embodiment. It is detail drawing of this embodiment. It is the figure which showed the alternative form which is another embodiment. It is the figure which showed another embodiment.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a drive shaft 1 having a known structure is arranged radially in a turbine engine between an engine device 2 and a reduction gear drive pinion 3 of a gear ring 4 of a central shaft 5 located on the engine shaft. extend. In this case, the double-flow turbine engine 1 extends to the small-diameter primary flow path 6 and the large-radius secondary flow path 7 and separates the primary flow path 6 and the secondary flow path 7 to the junction. Pass through. The outside of the secondary flow path 7 is limited by the outer ferrule 9, and the engine device 2 extends outside the outer ferrule 9.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the turbine engine stator includes a guide vane 13 distributed on a circle passing through a portion 11 of the outer ferrule 9, the radial arm 12, and the secondary flow path 7 from the outside, and one of the intermediate casings 8. A vaned wheel with a portion 14, another radial arm 15, another guide vane 16 distributed on a circle through the primary flow path 6, and an inner skin 17 that defines the inner radius of the primary flow path 6. It can be seen that 10 is provided. The vaned wheel 10 extends between the low pressure compressor 18 and the high pressure compressor 19. The vaned wheel 10 is a monolithic structure, and all of its elements are manufactured into a single piece by casting. The shaft 1 extends through one of the radial arms 12 and 15 passing through the portions 11, 14 and the inner skin 17 and traversing from one end to the other. The shaft 1 is supported by a bearing 20, which is arranged in a part 14 of the intermediate casing 8 and supported by a support member 21 with a flange 22 for attaching a flange 23 to the back of the part 14. 20 is supported. The shaft 1 is surrounded by an outer sheath 24 that extends from a portion 11 of the outer ferrule 9 to the support member 21 and by an inner sleeve 25 that extends from the support member 21 to the inner skin 17, that is, the outer sheath 24 and the inner sleeve 25 are Each extends to a radial arm 12 or a radial arm 15. The sheaths 24 and 25 together with the support member 21 form a closed volume including the bearing 20 in particular, so that the bearing 20 is lubricated without the lubricating oil spreading.

  This structure has the disadvantages described above due to the sheath in the radial arm and depending on the type of support member used for the bearing.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the following drawings, initially FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

  The integrated vaned wheel 10 is replaced by a vaned wheel of the same shape, but the guide vanes and radial arms are bolted to the connected elements, in this case the intermediate casing part (114 in this case) and the ferrule part. (In this case 111) is manufactured separately.

The intermediate casing portion 114 includes a boss 30 on the outer peripheral surface, and the boss 30 is positioned in front of the outer radial arm 112. The boss 30 includes a cylindrical vertical hole 31. Yet another boss 32 is disposed in front of the inner radial arm 115 (through the primary flow path 6) with a vertical hole 33 extending from the vertical hole 31 described above. A sleeve 34 is inserted into the vertical holes 31 and 33, and both ends of the sleeve 34 become cylindrical bearings that press the vertical holes 31 and 33, and an O-ring 35 that seals the vertical holes 31 and 33 is attached. The sleeve 34 is held by a bolt 36 inserted into the boss 30. The bosses 30 and 32 are disposed at both ends of the intermediate casing portion 14 supported by the ribs 28 and 29. The inner boss 32 opens directly into the inner radial arm 115 that is integral with the intermediate casing portion 114 and the inner skin 117.

According to the alternative construction shown in FIG. 9, the intermediate casing part (214 in this case) is integral with the first sleeve 234 extending from the uprights 31 and 33. However, the second sleeve 235 is made separately and inserted into the outer vertical hole 31 to receive the bearing 38, the boss 30 is attached using the bolt 36, and the cylindrical sleeve and the vertical sleeve 235 are installed. It is the same shape as the sleeve 34 in that a seal portion is provided between the hole 31 and the hole 31.

  Therefore, the sleeves 234 and 235 together replace the sleeve 34, and the second sleeve 235, which is short and fixed by one standing hole 31, is easy to install and is used for the inner standing hole 33. There is an advantage that there is no sealing tool.

  The drive shaft comprises two parts. One is a first shaft 37 that extends into the sleeve 34 and then extends inward and terminates in a drive pinion (103 in this case). A bearing 38 (FIG. 5) is disposed between the first shaft 37 and the sleeve 34 for supporting the first shaft 37, and its inner ring is screwed to the first shaft 37 and the sleeve 34. The two nuts 39 and 40 are held in the axial direction, and the nuts 39 and 40 abut against opposite shoulder portions. The outer radial arm and the separately made outer channel guide vane are attached to the intermediate casing element 114 using bolts 41 (only one is shown). One end of the first shaft 37 extends outside the sleeve 34 and projects into the cavity 42 of the outer radial arm 112. The inner surface of the radial arm 112 is provided with an inner boss 43 with a hole engaged with the outer end of the sleeve 34, and a seal 35 is similarly attached to the inner boss 43 for sealing (FIG. 6).

  The radial arm 112 is on the opposite side of the boss 43 described above and includes an outer boss 44 having a vertical hole 45 (FIG. 7). When the ferrule element 111 is attached to and joined to the radial arm 112 by the bolt 113, the boss 46 included inside extends to the outer boss 44, and the standing hole 47 of the boss 46 extends to the standing hole 45. The second sleeve 48 is inserted into the vertical holes 45 and 47 and has two cylindrical bearings to which an O-ring 35 is attached to seal between the vertical holes. By arranging these two sleeves, the cavity 42 of the radial arm 112 is placed outside the ferrule including the engine unit corresponding to the engine unit 2 without impairing the sealing performance, and in particular without communicating with the gas flow path. Can be connected to a volume close to the engine shaft including the drive pinion 103, and the sleeve 34 connects the cavity 42 of the outer radial arm 112 to the cavity of the inner radial arm 115. A second shaft 49 that forms a drive shaft with the first shaft 37 and extends from the outer unit 102 extends through the cavity 42 to the sleeve 34 and is joined to the first shaft 37 by a groove 50 at this location. .

  The first shaft 37 and the second shaft 49 are inclined rearward towards the engine axis, in this case towards the outer surface of the engine, and the radial arm 112 is advantageously provided so that the second shaft is always Note that there is no need to extend the radial arm 112 elsewhere because it is tilted at the same angle so that it lies in the same region adjacent to the wider rear end of the cavity 42.

In the prior art structure, the centering ball 54 (FIG. 3) of the second shaft 49 which is attached to the engine device 2 (not shown) and has a well-known conical cylinder shape is completely contained within the engine device. Its lower part is contained in the radial arm ( 112 ). By adding a sealing sleeve 48 that can omit the centering ball 54 having a sealing function between the radial arm ( 112 ) and the engine device 102, it is transmitted to the second shaft 49 only by the engine device 102. Therefore, it is not necessary to reinforce the radial arm 112, and the burden on the radial arm 112 can be reduced.

  The lubrication of the device may be performed as follows. Lubricating oil sent from the engine unit 102 is injected into the conduit of the second shaft 49 that is hollow like the first shaft 37. When the lubricating oil reaches the end of the second shaft 49, it enters a drill hole 51 formed through the first shaft 37 before the bearing 38 and lubricates the bearing. Another portion of the lubricating oil reaches the drill hole 52 at the end of the second shaft 49 and helps lubricate the groove 50 extending into the circular chamber 53 located in front of the drill hole 52. The lubricant consumed in this way reaches a sealed cavity that surrounds the drive shaft, in which the consumed lubricant cannot merge with the flow of lubricant in the engine or diffuses excessively. The consumed lubricating oil can be recovered in this cavity.

  In particular, further solutions embodying the invention that can be used in single-flow turbine engines are possible.

  One of these solutions is described using FIG. The coupling sleeve (previously as a separate part) may be rigidly connected to yet another element of the assembly. In this way, the casing (in this case, 314) is incorporated into the casing, i.e., is integral with the casing, e.g., a sleeve that extends between the two flow paths in the same manner as the sleeve 34 of the embodiment of FIG. 334 may be provided.

  One advantage of this construction is that the seal required between the sleeve 34 and the casing 114 can be omitted in this case. Otherwise, this embodiment may have the same structure as the first embodiment. However, still other alternatives are possible. That is, the bearing (in this case, 338) accommodated in the same position as the bearing 38 of the above-described embodiment may be a sliding bearing instead of the rolling bearing as described above. Moreover, in all the embodiments of the present invention, the type of bearing can be freely selected.

Claims (12)

In addition to the shaft (37, 49), a circular casing (114, 214), a circular ferrule (111) surrounding the casing, and a hollow radial arm (112) connecting the casing to the ferrule, to the casing A hollow radial arm (112) traversed by the extending shaft and a shaft support bearing (38) attached to a support member fixed to the casing, the radial arm (112) being integral with the casing (114, 214) A turbine engine driveshaft device that is assembled rather than structured and the radial arm comprises a boss (30) with a vertical hole, the device comprising a sleeve (34, 235) that couples the arm to the casing, the boss and sleeve Are assembled by engaging each other, and the shaft passes through the boss and sleeve. Elongation Te, seal portion (35) is sealed between the sleeve and the boss, the bearing is mounted in the sleeve, across the shaft and the lubricating oil conduit formed in the shaft, from the conduit to the bearing (38) drills further comprising wherein the Rukoto a hole (51), device.   The turbine engine drive shaft device according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve has an integral structure with the casing.   The sleeve is assembled with the casing boss, the casing boss has a vertical hole through which the shaft passes, the casing boss and the sleeve are engaged with each other, and the seal portion seals between the sleeve and the casing boss. The turbine engine drive shaft device according to claim 1, wherein the turbine engine drive shaft device is characterized.   The radial arm (112) is further assembled without being integrated with the ferrule (111), the radial arm and the ferrule comprising an additional boss (44, 46) having an elongated vertical hole (45, 47); The apparatus includes an additional coupling sleeve (48) that engages the vertical hole of the additional boss at the same time that the ferrule is connected to the arm, and an additional seal portion that seals between the additional sleeve and each of the vertical holes of the additional boss ( 35), wherein the shaft passes through the additional sleeve.   5. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing is held against the shoulders facing the sleeve and the shaft by nuts (39, 40) screwed onto the shaft and the sleeve, respectively. A turbine engine drive shaft device according to claim 1.   A sleeve (34) extends from the outer radius to the inner radius through the casing (114), the casing includes a second perforated boss (32) extending from the boss (30), and the sleeve (34) is inserted into the boss. The turbine engine drive shaft device according to claim 1, wherein the seal portion (35) is disposed between the second boss and the sleeve. The casing comprises a casing sleeve (234) that is integral with the casing and extends from a vertical hole (31) in the casing boss (30) and a vertical hole (33) in the second boss (32), the boss and The turbine engine driveshaft of claim 1, wherein the second boss is located at an outer radius and an inner radius of the casing, and the sleeve ( 235 ) is inserted into the casing sleeve (234). apparatus.   The casing is an intermediate casing that separates two concentric gas flow paths (6, 7), the radial arm (112) passes through the outer secondary flow path, and the second boss (32) is the inner primary flow. A turbine engine driveshaft device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it extends to an additional radial arm (115) traversing the road. Shaft, consists of two parts joined by groove (50) (37, 49), drill holes (52) is characterized by crossing the shaft until the circular chamber (53) of the groove from the conduit is guided, The turbine engine drive shaft device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.   The shaft is inclined in the axial direction of the turbine engine and the radial arm (112) is likewise inclined in the axial direction so that the shaft is always adjacent to the rear end of the radial arm. The turbine engine drive shaft device according to any one of the above.   A turbine engine comprising the device according to claim 1.   An aircraft comprising the turbine engine according to claim 11.

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