JP6117314B1 - Charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a charging system that facilitates alignment between a power feeding device that is not provided in a motorcycle and a charging device that is provided in the motorcycle, while reducing the voltage and frequency required for power transmission as much as possible. A charging system (10) for charging a power storage device (14) of a motorcycle using a power supply device (16) and a charging device (18) provided on the motorcycle, the power supply device (16) comprising a first conductive surface (22), a commercial power supply, and the like. 12 includes a power transmission device 20 that generates a high-frequency voltage obtained by increasing the voltage from 12 and a first electrode surface 24, and the charging device 18 supports the two-wheeled vehicle and has a grounding area smaller than the area of the first conductive surface 22. A support stand, a power receiving device that converts a high-frequency voltage into a direct-current voltage, and a second electrode surface 30 that is smaller in area than the first electrode surface 24, and the support stand is brought into contact with the first conductive surface 22 When the two-wheeled vehicle is parked, the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 face each other to form one capacitance. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a charging system for charging a power storage device such as a battery or a capacitor mounted on a motorcycle.

  Patent Document 1 shown below discloses a charging system for an electric vehicle in which an electric bicycle support stand functions as an input unit for charging current and the battery of the electric bicycle is charged by electromagnetic induction. Specifically, a second coil connected to the battery of the electric vehicle via a rectifier circuit or the like is provided at the tip of the support stand. A charging stand that charges the battery of the electric bicycle includes a charging circuit that outputs a current supplied from a commercial power source as a high-frequency current, and a first coil that is supplied with the high-frequency current from the charging circuit. And, with the support stand upright so that one end of the second coil and one end of the first coil face each other, the electric bicycle is parked, and the charging circuit supplies high-frequency current to the first coil. A current flows through the second coil of the electric bicycle by the electromagnetic dielectric action, and the battery is charged.

Non-Patent Document 1 shown below discloses a non-contact type power supply technique by electric field coupling. This non-contact type power supply technology by electric field coupling is based on a capacitor (hereinafter referred to as electrostatic capacity) Cc comprising a power transmission side electrode (hereinafter referred to as power transmission electrode) and a power receiving side electrode (hereinafter referred to as power reception electrode) sandwiching an insulating layer. And supplying power by flowing a high-frequency current through the capacitance Cc. FIG. 1 in Chapter 3 of Non-Patent Document 1 shows a non-contact type power supply circuit (hereinafter referred to as a basic circuit) by electric field coupling using only a capacitor. The basic circuit includes a power transmission unit including a high-frequency power source and a power transmission electrode, and a power reception unit including a load and a power reception electrode. The capacitance Cc formed by the power transmission electrode and the power reception electrode increases as the power transmission electrode and the power reception electrode approach each other, and decreases as the distance from the power transmission electrode and the power reception electrode increases. The current i flowing through the capacitance Cc is defined as Vc and f, where the voltage and frequency of the high frequency power source applied to the capacitance Cc are Vc and f.
i = 2πf × Cc × Vc (1)
Can be expressed as

Further, FIG. 3 in Chapter 3 of Non-Patent Document 1 shows a non-contact power supply circuit (hereinafter referred to as a parallel resonance circuit) by electric field coupling using parallel resonance. This parallel resonant circuit is a closed circuit having a high impedance in the basic circuit described above, and is intended to solve the problem that it is difficult to efficiently transmit current. Specifically, an impedance is arranged in the closed circuit of the parallel resonant circuit, and the capacitance Cc and the inductance in the closed circuit are made to resonate with the frequency of the high frequency power supply, thereby reducing the impedance in the closed circuit. Is. The power supply efficiency in a non-contact type resonant power supply system (including non-contact type power supply technology by electric field coupling using parallel resonance) is generally considered to be an index of kQ product. The higher the value, the higher the supply efficiency. k is a coupling coefficient between the power transmitting and receiving units, Q is the reciprocal of the energy loss Γ per unit time of the non-contact type resonant power supply system, and is also an index of resonance / resonance strength. When the angular frequency of the high frequency power source is ω and the internal resistance of the power transmission unit is r, the kQ product of the non-contact type resonant power supply system is
kQ = (ω × Cc × r) / 2 Formula (2)
Can be expressed as

JP-A-10-75535

“Green Electronics No. 17” CQ Publisher December 2014, p28-p29

  In Patent Document 1, in order to cause an electromagnetic induction effect, it is necessary to make one end of the first coil and one end of the second coil face each other. For this purpose, the first coil and the second coil are accurately set. And maintain that position during charging.

  In Non-Patent Document 1, when a power storage device such as a battery mounted on a motorcycle is to be charged using a non-contact power supply technique based on electric field coupling, a non-contact power supply circuit based on electric field coupling is Basically, it becomes a high impedance closed circuit. For this reason, in order to flow a large amount of current used for charging, as is clear from the equation (1), whether the voltage Vc of the high frequency power supply is increased, the frequency f is increased, or the capacitance Cc is increased. It is necessary to do any one or more. However, the voltage Vc that can be applied to the contactless power supply circuit by electric field coupling is limited by the breakdown voltage of air existing between the electrodes forming the capacitance Cc. Therefore, a high voltage exceeding the breakdown voltage cannot be used, and the voltage Vc applied to the non-contact power supply circuit by electric field coupling is preferably low. Further, when the frequency f is increased, the switching loss of the switching circuit for increasing the frequency f is increased, which may cause a reduction in power supply efficiency. Therefore, in a non-contact type power supply circuit using electric field coupling that is a closed circuit with high impedance, the capacitance Vc and the frequency f of the high-frequency power source are increased without increasing the voltage and frequency. There is a need. On the other hand, as the means for lowering the impedance of the non-contact type power supply circuit by electric field coupling, it is conceivable to use the above-described parallel resonance. In addition, it is necessary to increase the capacitance Cc.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a charging system that makes it possible to reduce the voltage and frequency necessary for power transmission as much as possible while facilitating the alignment of a power feeding device that is not provided in the motorcycle and the charging device that is provided in the motorcycle. The purpose is to do.

  The present invention is a charging system that charges a power storage device mounted on the two-wheeled vehicle using a power supply device that is not provided on the two-wheeled vehicle and a charging device that is provided on the two-wheeled vehicle. The charging device has a conductive surface, a power transmission device, and a first electrode surface, and the charging device has a support stand that supports the motorcycle when the motorcycle is parked, a power reception device, and a second electrode surface. The power transmission device includes: a first input unit that inputs a voltage from a power source; a high-frequency generation circuit that generates a high-frequency voltage obtained by increasing a voltage input from the first input unit; and the high-frequency generation circuit that generates the high-frequency voltage. A first output unit that outputs a high-frequency voltage, wherein one output terminal of the first output unit is electrically connected to the first conductive surface, and the other output terminal is electrically connected to the first electrode surface. The power receiving device is connected to A second input unit that inputs the high-frequency voltage, a conversion circuit that converts the high-frequency voltage input by the second input unit into a DC voltage, and a second circuit that supplies the DC voltage converted by the conversion circuit to the power storage device An output unit, wherein one input terminal of the second input unit is electrically connected to the support stand, and the other input terminal is electrically connected to the second electrode surface, An area of the conductive surface is formed larger than a ground area of the support stand, an area of the first electrode surface is formed larger than an area of the second electrode surface, and the support stand is in contact with the first conductive surface. When the two-wheeled vehicle is parked, the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface are formed such that the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface face each other to form one capacitance. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to the present invention, when the power feeding device and the charging device are electrically joined to form a power supply circuit by electric field coupling to charge the power storage device of the two-wheeled vehicle, one joint portion is connected to the first conductive surface. Since the contact is made with the support stand and the other joint portion is formed by electric field coupling by the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface, the electric field coupling portion can be made one. Therefore, the capacitance of the entire power supply circuit can be increased as compared with a conventional power supply circuit using electric field coupling that requires two capacitances. As a result, the high frequency voltage applied to the power supply circuit by electric field coupling and its frequency can be made as low as possible. Further, since the area of the first conductive surface is larger than the ground contact area of the support stand, parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device is facilitated. Furthermore, since the area of the first electrode surface is larger than the area of the second electrode surface, parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device is facilitated.

  The first output unit includes a first transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, and the high-frequency voltage generated by the high-frequency generation circuit is supplied to a primary coil of the first transformer, One end of a secondary coil of one transformer is electrically connected to the one output terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the other output terminal, and the first conductive surface, the first The secondary coil of the transformer and the first electrode surface may be connected in series in the order described above. As a result, the power source and the secondary coil of the first transformer are insulated between the primary coil and the secondary coil of the first transformer, improving safety in the event of a leakage. can do.

  The second input unit is a second transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, and one end side of the primary coil of the second transformer is electrically connected to the one input terminal, and the other The end side is electrically connected to the other input terminal, and the support stand, the primary coil of the second transformer, and the second electrode surface are connected in series in the order described above. The secondary coil of the second transformer may supply the high-frequency voltage generated by the electromagnetic induction action to the conversion circuit. As a result, the power storage device and the primary coil of the second transformer are insulated between the primary coil and the secondary coil of the second transformer. Can be improved.

  The power transmission device is housed in a first housing having the first conductive surface on the top surface and the second conductive surface on the bottom surface. The first housing has the second conductive surface on the first surface. You may arrange | position on the said 1st electrode surface so that an electrode surface may be contacted. Thereby, a 1st housing | casing and a 1st electrode surface can be made removable, and the connection of a power transmission apparatus and a 1st electrode surface can be performed easily and reliably.

  The power receiving device may be housed in a second housing having the second electrode surface provided on a lower surface, and the second housing may be disposed below a power train portion of the two-wheeled vehicle. As a result, the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface can be disposed close to each other, and the capacitance formed by the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface can be increased. As a result, the high frequency voltage applied to the power supply circuit by electric field coupling and its frequency can be made as low as possible.

  The first electrode surface may be ground. Thus, when charging the power storage device, the second electrode surface provided on the two-wheeled vehicle only needs to face the ground, so that the parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device becomes easier. Further, since the first electrode surface is grounded, the number of parts can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, when the power feeding device and the charging device are electrically joined to form a power supply circuit by electric field coupling to charge the power storage device of the two-wheeled vehicle, one joining portion is connected to the first conductive surface. Since the contact is made with the support stand and the other joint portion is formed by electric field coupling by the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface, the electric field coupling portion can be made one. Therefore, the capacitance of the entire power supply circuit can be increased as compared with a conventional power supply circuit using electric field coupling that requires two capacitances. As a result, the high frequency voltage applied to the power supply circuit by electric field coupling and its frequency can be made as low as possible. Further, since the area of the first conductive surface is larger than the ground contact area of the support stand, parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device is facilitated. Furthermore, since the area of the first electrode surface is larger than the area of the second electrode surface, parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device is facilitated.

1 is a configuration diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of a structure of the power transmission apparatus shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of a structure of the power receiving apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the external appearance block diagram of the electric power feeder and charging device which are shown in FIG. 1, and an example of the arrangement position with respect to the two-wheeled vehicle of a charging device.

  The charging system according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a charging system 10 according to an embodiment. The charging system 10 is a system for charging a power storage device 14 mounted on a motorcycle (not shown) using a power source 12 such as a commercial power source. In the present embodiment, a commercial power source is adopted as the power source 12, and the power source 12 is hereinafter referred to as a commercial power source 12. The charging system 10 includes a power feeding device 16 that is not provided in the motorcycle and a charging device 18 that is provided in the motorcycle. The power storage device 14 is charged by the power feeding device 16 and the charging device 18. The power storage device 14 may be any device that can repeatedly charge and discharge, and may be a battery such as a secondary battery or a capacitor, for example. Note that the two-wheeled vehicle to which the charging system 10 is applied only needs to be equipped with the power storage device 14. Therefore, the two-wheeled vehicle may be an electric two-wheeled vehicle driven by a motor, a two-wheeled vehicle driven by an engine, or an assist bicycle that generates torque according to a driver's stepping force by a motor.

  The power feeding device 16 includes a power transmission device 20, a first conductive surface 22 that is a planar conductor, and a first electrode surface 24 that is a planar conductor that functions as an electrode. The power transmission device 20 and the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 are electrically connected to each other, that is, are electrically connected. The power transmission device 20 increases the frequency of the commercial power supply 12 (the frequency of the voltage (AC voltage) from the commercial power supply 12). The power transmission device 20 generates an AC voltage having a frequency higher than that of the commercial power supply 12. In the present embodiment, an AC voltage having a frequency higher than that of the commercial power supply 12 is referred to as a high frequency voltage. Then, the power transmission device 20 applies (supplies) the high-frequency voltage having a high frequency to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24. Thereby, the voltage between the 1st conductive surface 22 and the 1st electrode surface 24 turns into a high frequency voltage.

  The charging device 18 includes a power receiving device 26, a support stand 28 that supports the motorcycle when the motorcycle is parked, and a second electrode surface 30 that is a planar conductor that functions as an electrode. The power receiving device 26, the support stand 28, and the second electrode surface 30 are electrically connected to each other, that is, are electrically connected. The support stand 28 is made of a material having conductivity and may be a metal material that is usually used, but is preferably made of a material having high conductivity (low electrical resistance). The support stand 28 may be a side stand or a center stand as long as it can support the motorcycle. The area of the support stand 28 in contact with the ground (grounding portion) 28 a is extremely smaller than the area of the first conductive surface 22. For example, the ratio of the area of the ground portion 28a (ground area) to the area of the first conductive surface 22 is 1:10 or more. In the present embodiment, the ratio of the area of the grounding portion 28a and the area of the first conductive surface 22 is set to 1:20 or more. A fastening portion between the support stand 28 and the two-wheeled vehicle is electrically insulated.

  The second electrode surface 30 faces the first electrode surface 24 to form one capacitor. That is, one electrostatic capacitance (capacitance) is formed between the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. The area of the second electrode surface 30 is smaller than the area of the first electrode surface 24. For example, the ratio of the area of the second electrode surface 30 to the area of the first electrode surface 24 is 1: 2 or more. In the present embodiment, the ratio of the area of the second electrode surface 30 to the area of the first electrode surface 24 is about 1: 4. When the two-wheeled vehicle is parked with the support stand 28 in an upright state so that the grounding portion 28a of the support stand 28 contacts the first conductive surface 22, the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 face each other. The first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 are arranged so as to form one capacitance. In other words, the motorcycle is parked such that the grounding portion 28 a of the support stand 28 contacts the first conductive surface 22 and the second electrode surface 30 faces the first electrode surface 24. In addition, the 1st electrode surface 24 and the 2nd electrode surface 30 are opposingly arranged in the state separated by the insulator (insulating layer) comprised with air.

  The grounding portion 28a of the support stand 28 is in contact with the first conductive surface 22, and the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 face each other to form a single capacitance, whereby the power transmission device 20 is connected to the commercial power supply. A high-frequency voltage generated from the 12 AC voltages is applied (supplied) to the power receiving device 26. The power receiving device 26 converts the high-frequency voltage into a DC voltage, and supplies the converted DC voltage to the power storage device 14. Thereby, the electrical storage apparatus 14 is charged.

  Next, the power transmission device 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the power transmission device 20. The power transmission device 20 includes a first input unit 40, a high frequency generation circuit 42, and a first output unit 44. The 1st input part 40 inputs the alternating voltage from the commercial power source 12, and is comprised by input terminal 40a, 40b. The input terminals 40a and 40b are electrically connected to the commercial power source 12.

  The high frequency generation circuit 42 is electrically connected to the first input unit 40, and generates a high frequency voltage from the voltage input by the first input unit 40 (AC voltage from the commercial power supply 12). That is, the voltage input by the first input unit 40 is increased in frequency to generate a high-frequency voltage (AC voltage). Specifically, the high frequency generation circuit 42 converts the AC voltage from the commercial power supply 12 into a pulsating voltage, and noise absorption that removes a noise component included in the voltage converted into the pulsating current by the rectifying circuit 42a. A circuit 42b, a power factor improving circuit 42c for smoothing a pulsating flow component from the noise absorbing circuit 42b to improve a power factor, and a high frequency switching circuit for converting a voltage (DC voltage) from the power factor improving circuit 42c into an AC voltage. 42d. In the present embodiment, the rectifier circuit 42a is a bridge type (bridge diode) composed of four diodes D1, and the noise absorbing circuit 42b is composed of a capacitor C1. The power factor correction circuit 42c includes a coil L1, a bipolar transistor BJT1, a diode D2, and a capacitor C2. The power factor correction circuit 42c also has functions of a booster circuit and a smoothing circuit. For this reason, the high frequency generation circuit 42 can also generate a high-frequency high-frequency voltage (AC voltage) by increasing the voltage input from the first input unit 40 and increasing the frequency. The high frequency switching circuit 42d is configured by connecting two bipolar transistors BJT2 connected in series to each other in parallel. As the ON / OFF cycle of the bipolar transistor BJT2 is shortened, an alternating voltage having a higher frequency can be generated.

  The high-frequency generation circuit 42 only needs to include at least a rectifier circuit 42a and a high-frequency switching circuit 42d. Even if the noise absorption circuit 42b and the power factor correction circuit 42c are omitted, the high-frequency generation circuit 42 may be omitted. Good. The configurations of the rectifier circuit 42a, the power factor correction circuit 42c, and the high frequency switching circuit 42d are not limited to those shown in FIG.

  The first output unit 44 includes a transformer (first transformer) having a primary coil La1 and a secondary coil La2. The primary coil La1 is electrically connected to the high frequency generation circuit 42, and an output voltage (high frequency voltage) from the high frequency switching circuit 42d is applied (supplied) to the primary coil La1. One end side of the secondary coil La2 is connected to the output terminal 44a of the first output unit 44, and the other end side is connected to the output terminal 44b of the first output unit 44. The output terminal 44a is electrically connected to the first conductive surface 22, and the output terminal 44b is electrically connected to the first electrode surface 24 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the first conductive surface 22, the secondary coil La2, and the first electrode surface 24 are connected in series in the order described above.

  When a voltage is applied to the primary coil La1 and a current flows, a voltage corresponding to the turn ratio between the primary coil La1 and the secondary coil La2 is generated in the secondary coil La2 by electromagnetic induction. When the voltage and number of turns of the primary coil La1 are Va1 and Na1, and the voltage and number of turns of the secondary coil La2 are Va2 and Na2, the voltage Va2 of the secondary coil La2 is expressed as Va2 = Va1 × Na2 / Na1. Is done. In the present embodiment, since Na1 ≦ Na2, the voltage Va2 generated in the secondary coil La2 is equal to or higher than the voltage Va1 applied (supplied) to the primary coil La1. Therefore, the voltage applied (supplied) from the first output unit 44 to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 becomes a voltage equal to or higher than the high frequency voltage generated by the high frequency generation circuit 42. Thus, since the first output unit 44 includes a transformer, the commercial power supply 12 and the secondary coil La2 of the first output unit 44 are insulated between the primary coil La1 and the secondary coil La2, It is possible to improve safety when a single electric leakage occurs.

  The power transmission device 20 uses a high-frequency voltage having a frequency higher than the frequency of the commercial power supply 12 from the AC voltage of the commercial power supply 12 in order to pass a current through the capacitor formed by the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. AC voltage). Therefore, a high frequency voltage having a frequency higher than that of the commercial power supply 12 is generated by the high frequency switching circuit 42 d of the high frequency generation circuit 42. In addition, a high-frequency high-frequency voltage higher than the voltage of the commercial power supply 12 can be generated by the power factor correction circuit 42c having the boosting function of the high-frequency generation circuit 42 and the first output unit 44 including a transformer. The voltage and frequency of the high-frequency voltage output from the power transmission device 20 are set to frequencies and voltages that allow an alternating current to flow through the capacitor formed by the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30.

  The high-frequency voltage output from the power transmission device 20 is set to be lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage of the insulating layer existing between the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. The step-up degree by the power transmission device 20 is determined by the step-up ratio set in the power factor correction circuit 42c and the turn ratio between the primary coil La1 and the secondary coil La2 of the first output unit 44. The frequency of the high-frequency voltage output from the power transmission device 20 is set to a frequency at which the switching loss of the high-frequency switching circuit 42d does not become greater than a predetermined value (threshold).

  Next, the power receiving device 26 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the power receiving device 26. The power receiving device 26 includes a second input unit 50, a conversion circuit 52, and a second output unit 54. The second input unit 50 includes a transformer (second transformer) having a primary coil Lb1 and a secondary coil Lb2. One end of the primary coil Lb1 is connected to the input terminal 50a, and the other end is connected to the input terminal 50b. The input terminal 50a is electrically connected to the support stand 28, and the input terminal 50b is electrically connected to the second electrode surface 30 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the support stand 28, the primary coil Lb1, and the second electrode surface 30 are connected in series in the order described above. The primary coil Lb1 receives high-frequency voltage generated in the secondary coil La2 of the first output unit 44 via the first conductive surface 22 and the support stand 28, and the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. Supplied (applied).

  When a voltage is applied to the primary coil Lb1 and a current flows, a voltage corresponding to the turn ratio between the primary coil Lb1 and the secondary coil Lb2 is generated in the secondary coil Lb2 by electromagnetic induction. When the voltage and number of turns of the primary coil Lb1 are Vb1 and Nb1, and the voltage and number of turns of the secondary coil Lb2 are Vb2 and Nb2, the voltage Vb2 of the secondary coil Lb2 is expressed as Vb2 = Vb1 × Nb2 / Nb1. Is done. In this embodiment, since Nb1 ≧ Nb2, the voltage Vb2 generated in the secondary coil Lb2 is equal to or lower than the voltage Vb1 applied (supplied) to the primary coil Lb1. Thus, since the second input unit 50 includes a transformer, the power storage device 14 and the primary coil Lb1 of the second input unit 50 are insulated between the primary coil Lb1 and the secondary coil Lb2, and It is possible to improve safety when a single electric leakage occurs.

  The conversion circuit 52 is electrically connected to the second input unit 50 (specifically, the secondary coil Lb2), and is generated in the high-frequency voltage input by the second input unit 50, that is, the secondary coil Lb2. Converts high-frequency voltage to DC voltage. Specifically, the conversion circuit 52 includes a rectifier circuit 52a that converts the high-frequency voltage input by the second input unit 50 into a pulsating voltage, a smoothing circuit 52b that smoothes the voltage converted into the pulsating current by the rectifying circuit 52a, It has a step-down circuit 52c that steps down the voltage (DC voltage) smoothed by the smoothing circuit 52b, and a smoothing circuit 52d that smoothes the voltage stepped down by the step-down circuit 52c (DC voltage). In the present embodiment, the rectifier circuit 52a is a bridge type (bridge diode) composed of four diodes D3, and the smoothing circuit 52b is composed of two capacitors C3 and C4 connected in parallel. The step-down circuit 52c is composed of a bipolar transistor BJT3, a diode D4, and a coil L2, and the smoothing circuit 52d is composed of a capacitor C5.

  The second output unit 54 is electrically connected to the conversion circuit 52, and outputs the DC voltage converted by the conversion circuit 52 to the power storage device 14. The second output unit 54 includes output terminals 54a and 54b. The output terminals 54 a and 54 b are electrically connected to the power storage device 14. For example, the output terminal 54 a is on the positive electrode (+) side of the power storage device 14, and the output terminal 54 b is on the negative electrode (−) side of the power storage device 14. It is connected. Thereby, the electrical storage apparatus 14 can be charged.

  The power receiving device 26 converts the high-frequency voltage transmitted from the power transmission device 20 into a DC voltage suitable for charging the power storage device 14 in order to charge the power storage device 14. Therefore, the AC high frequency voltage is converted into a DC voltage by the rectifier circuit 52a of the conversion circuit 52. Further, the voltage is stepped down by the second input unit 50 including a transformer and the step-down circuit 52c of the conversion circuit 52. The degree of step-down by the power receiving device 26 is determined by the step-down ratio of the step-down circuit 52c and the turn ratio of the primary coil Lb1 and the secondary coil Lb2 of the second input unit 50. Therefore, in order to charge the power storage device 14, for example, when the voltage needs to be slightly reduced, for example, the step-down ratio of the step-down circuit 52 c is reduced and the primary coil Lb 1 and the secondary coil Lb 2 of the second input unit 50 are reduced. And the turn ratio is 1 to 1. In addition, the voltage step-down circuit 52 c may be omitted from the conversion circuit 52 when it is not necessary to decrease the voltage in order to charge the power storage device 14. In short, the design of the power receiving device 26 can be changed according to the charging voltage of the power storage device 14.

  The conversion circuit 52 only needs to include at least the rectifier circuit 52a, and may be one in which at least one of the smoothing circuit 52b, the step-down circuit 52c, and the smoothing circuit 52d is omitted. The configurations of the rectifier circuit 52a, the smoothing circuit 52b, the step-down circuit 52c, and the smoothing circuit 52d are not limited to those shown in FIG.

  In the charging system 10 having the above-described configuration, the ground portion 28 a of the support stand 28 contacts (electrically connects) the first conductive surface 22, and the second electrode surface 30 faces the first electrode surface 24. Thus, when the motorcycle is parked, the first electrode surface 24, the secondary coil La2 of the first output unit 44, the first conductive surface 22, the support stand 28, the primary coil Lb1 of the second input unit 50, and the first The two electrode surfaces 30 are connected in series in the above order, and the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 constitute a capacitance. As a result, a closed circuit for power supply by electric field coupling (power supply circuit by electric field coupling) is formed, and the charging system 10 can charge the power storage device 14 mounted on the two-wheeled vehicle using the commercial power supply 12. .

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the power supply device 16 and the charging device 18 are electrically joined to form a power supply circuit by electric field coupling and the power storage device 14 is charged, Since the first conductive surface 22 and the support stand 28 are brought into contact with each other, and the other joint portion is made into electric field coupling by the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30, the electric field coupling portion can be made one. Therefore, the capacitance of the entire power supply circuit can be increased as compared with a conventional power supply circuit using electric field coupling that requires two capacitances (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Assuming that a fine substance such as sand enters between the first conductive surface 22 and the grounding portion 28a of the support stand 28, a gap is generated between the first conductive surface 22 and the grounding portion 28a. Even if formed, this capacitance is extremely larger than the capacitance between the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. Therefore, even in such a case, the entire electrostatic capacity of the power supply circuit can be increased as compared with the conventional case. As described above, since the capacitance of the entire power supply circuit by electric field coupling can be increased, the high frequency voltage applied to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 and its frequency, that is, power supply by electric field coupling. The high frequency voltage applied to the circuit and its frequency can be made as low as possible. Even in this case, the high-frequency voltage applied to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 and the frequency thereof cause an alternating current to flow through the capacitor formed by the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30. Needless to say, the voltage and frequency can be used.

  In order to charge the power storage device 14, the two-wheeled vehicle must be parked so that the grounding portion 28 a of the support stand 28 provided on the two-wheeled vehicle comes into contact with the first conductive surface 22. Since the area is larger than the area of the ground contact portion 28a of the support stand 28, the motorcycle can be easily parked for charging the power storage device 14. In order to charge the power storage device 14, the two-wheeled vehicle must be parked so that the second electrode surface 30 provided on the two-wheeled vehicle faces the first electrode surface 24 and forms one capacitance. Although the area of the first electrode surface 24 is larger than the area of the second electrode surface 30, parking of the motorcycle for charging the power storage device 14 is facilitated.

  Next, an example of an external configuration diagram of the power feeding device 16 and the charging device 18 and an example of an arrangement position of the charging device 18 with respect to the two-wheeled vehicle TW will be described with reference to FIG. In the description of FIG. 4, the direction in which the gravity acts is down, and the direction opposite to the direction in which the gravity works is up.

  The power transmission device 20 is housed in a first housing 60 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. A first conductive surface 22 is provided on the entire upper surface of the first housing 60. A second conductive surface 62 that is a planar conductor is provided on the entire lower surface of the first housing 60. The first electrode surface 24 is disposed on the ground, and the first housing 60 is disposed on the first electrode surface 24 so that the second conductive surface 62 provided on the lower surface is in contact with the first electrode surface 24. Has been placed. The output terminal 44b provided at the other end of the secondary coil La2 of the first output unit 44 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is electrically connected to the second conductive surface 62, and the second conductive surface 62 is And is electrically connected to the first electrode surface 24. By having such a configuration, the first housing 60 and the first electrode surface 24 can be attached and detached, and the connection between the power transmission device 20 and the first electrode surface 24 can be easily and reliably performed. It can be carried out. When it is not necessary to attach and detach the first housing 60 and the first electrode surface 24, the second conductive surface 62 may be omitted and the first electrode surface 24 may be provided directly on the lower surface of the first housing 60. .

  In order to reduce the level difference between the ground (ground) with which the tire T of the motorcycle TW contacts and the upper surface of the first casing 60 with which the grounding portion 28a of the support stand 28 contacts, the height of the first casing 60, that is, The thickness in the vertical direction is preferably thinner. Moreover, although the shape of the 1st housing | casing 60 was made into the substantially rectangular parallelepiped, another shape may be sufficient. The point is that the first conductive surface 22 may be provided on the upper surface and the first electrode surface 24 may be provided on the lower surface. An outlet (not shown) connected to the commercial power source 12 is connected to the first housing 60, and the outlet is electrically connected to the first input unit 40 (input terminals 40 a and 40 b) of the power transmission device 20. It is connected.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the motorcycle TW includes front and rear tires T, a handle 64, a seat 66 on which a driver is seated, a drive source, a gear, a shaft, and the like. A power train portion (drive train portion) 68 that transmits power to the front and rear tires T; Although not shown in FIG. 4, it goes without saying that the power storage device 14 is mounted on the two-wheeled vehicle TW. The driving source of the two-wheeled vehicle TW is a normal engine, but when the two-wheeled vehicle TW is an electric motorcycle or an assist bicycle, the driving source is a motor.

  The power receiving device 26 is housed in a second housing 70 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. A second electrode surface 30 is provided on the lower front surface of the second housing 70. The second housing 70 is disposed below the power train unit 68. Therefore, the lower surface (second electrode surface 30) of the second housing 70 faces the ground. In addition, since the second housing 70 is disposed below the power train portion 68, the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 can be disposed in proximity to each other. The capacitance (capacitance) of the capacitor formed with the second electrode surface 30 can be increased. As a result, the high-frequency voltage applied to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 and the frequency thereof, that is, the high-frequency voltage applied to the power supply circuit by electric field coupling and the frequency thereof can be made as low as possible. The second casing 70 is provided on the two-wheeled vehicle TW so as to be electrically insulated from the two-wheeled vehicle TW.

  By parking the two-wheeled vehicle TW such that the grounding portion 28a of the support stand 28 is in contact with the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 and the second electrode surface 30 face each other to form one capacitance. A power supply circuit by electric field coupling can be easily formed. Therefore, the power storage device 14 of the two-wheeled vehicle TW can be easily charged.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first electrode surface 24 is composed of a planar conductor. However, the first electrode surface 24 may be the ground. In this case, the output terminal 44b of the first output unit 44 is grounded. Thereby, when charging the power storage device 14, the second electrode surface 30 provided on the two-wheeled vehicle only needs to face the ground, and therefore the parking of the two-wheeled vehicle for charging the power storage device 14 becomes easier. Further, since the first electrode surface 24 is grounded, the number of parts can be reduced.

  In the said embodiment, although the 1st output part 44 and the 2nd input part 50 were provided with the transformer, it is not necessary to provide a transformer. In this case, the voltage output from the high frequency generation circuit 42 is applied (supplied) to the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24 as they are via the output terminals 44 a and 44 b of the first output unit 44. The high-frequency voltage applied to the support stand 28 and the second electrode surface 30 (the first conductive surface 22 and the first electrode surface 24) is directly converted through the input terminals 50a and 50b of the second input unit 50. (Applied).

  In the above embodiment, a commercial power source that generates an alternating voltage (alternating current) is described as the power source 12, but a direct current power source that generates a direct current voltage (direct current) may be used. Further, the commercial power supply 12 itself may be a DC power supply.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Charging system 12 ... Power supply 14 ... Power storage device 16 ... Power feeding device 18 ... Charging device 20 ... Power transmission device 22 ... First conductive surface 24 ... First electrode surface 26 ... Power receiving device 28 ... Support stand 28a ... Grounding part 30 ... First 2 electrode surface 40 ... 1st input part 42 ... High frequency generating circuit 44 ... 1st output part 50 ... 2nd input part 52 ... Conversion circuit 54 ... 2nd output part 60 ... 1st housing | casing 62 ... 2nd conductive surface 68 ... Power train part 70 ... 2nd housing | casing T ... Tire TW ... Motorcycle

Claims (6)

A charging system for charging a power storage device mounted on the two-wheeled vehicle using a power supply device not provided on the two-wheeled vehicle and a charging device provided on the two-wheeled vehicle,
The power supply device includes a first conductive surface, a power transmission device, and a first electrode surface.
The charging device includes a support stand that supports the two-wheeled vehicle when the two-wheeled vehicle is parked, a power receiving device, and a second electrode surface.
The power transmission device includes: a first input unit that inputs a voltage from a power source; a high-frequency generation circuit that generates a high-frequency voltage obtained by increasing the voltage input from the first input unit; and the high-frequency generated by the high-frequency generation circuit A first output unit for outputting a voltage,
One output terminal of the first output unit is electrically connected to the first conductive surface, and the other output terminal is electrically connected to the first electrode surface;
The power receiving device includes: a second input unit that inputs the high-frequency voltage; a conversion circuit that converts the high-frequency voltage that is input by the second input unit into a DC voltage; and the DC voltage that is converted by the conversion circuit. A second output unit for supplying to
One input terminal of the second input unit is electrically connected to the support stand, and the other input terminal is electrically connected to the second electrode surface,
An area of the first conductive surface is larger than a ground contact area of the support stand;
The area of the first electrode surface is formed larger than the area of the second electrode surface,
When the two-wheeled vehicle is parked by bringing the support stand into contact with the first conductive surface, the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface face each other to form one capacitance. A charging system, wherein the first electrode surface and the second electrode surface are arranged. The charging system according to claim 1,
The first output unit includes a first transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil,
The high frequency voltage generated by the high frequency generation circuit is supplied to a primary coil of the first transformer,
One end side of the secondary coil of the first transformer is electrically connected to the one output terminal, the other end side is electrically connected to the other output terminal, and the first conductive surface, the first The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary coil of the transformer and the first electrode surface are connected in series in the order described above. The charging system according to claim 1 or 2,
The second input unit is a second transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil,
One end side of the primary coil of the second transformer is electrically connected to the one input terminal, and the other end side is electrically connected to the other input terminal, and the support stand, the second The primary coil of the transformer and the second electrode surface are connected in series in the order described above,
The secondary coil of the second transformer supplies the high-frequency voltage generated by electromagnetic induction to the conversion circuit. The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The power transmission device is housed in a first housing provided with the first conductive surface on the upper surface and the second conductive surface on the lower surface,
The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the first casing is disposed on the first electrode surface such that the second conductive surface is in contact with the first electrode surface. The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The power receiving device is housed in a second housing having the second electrode surface provided on a lower surface,
The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the second casing is disposed below a powertrain portion of the motorcycle. The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode surface is ground.

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