JP6114774B2 - Imaging method and system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and system for photographing a subject projected as a Peppers ghost image, and in particular, but not limited to, a Peppers ghost system, such as Peppers ghost described in US Pat. It relates to a method of illuminating a subject, particularly a person, taken for projection as a Peppers ghost image in the system.

  Conventionally, an illumination configuration for photographing a person particularly for an interview or a presentation is based on a three-point illumination method. In such a method, the person to be photographed directly illuminates the front of the subject, and the key light that functions as the main illuminator, and also illuminates the front of the subject directly, illuminating the shadow surface, and the contrast effect Illuminated by a fill light that balances with the key light by reducing, and a backlight that illuminates the subject from the back to generate an edge of light around the subject that separates the subject from the background. Typically, the key light and fill light are placed at 45 degrees (90 degrees relative to each other) with respect to the line from the camera to the subject, and the fill light is approximately half the brightness of the key light. The total brightness of the backlight is much smaller than the total brightness of the front illumination obtained by the key light and fill light.

  When such an illumination configuration is used to shoot a subject that is projected as a Peppers ghost image, the Peppers ghost image will appear flat or "cut out", creating an impression of authenticity created by the Peppers ghost image. Is known to damage.

  Furthermore, in order to avoid the Peppers ghost image from appearing translucent, it is necessary to illuminate the subject of the Peppers ghost image very brightly. However, using very bright light to illuminate the subject can result in subtle shadows on the subject and the loss of authenticity of the Peppers ghost image.

  Traditionally, photographic lighting has been provided by incandescent lamps such as tungsten lamps. Such lamps can consume significant power and generate excessive heat, and as such are not particularly suitable for studio environments, especially small / mobile studio environments.

International Publication No. 2007/052005

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising one or more frontlights for illuminating the front of the subject and one or more Photographing a subject under an illumination configuration having a backlight, wherein the light has a total brightness of the one or more frontlights measured on the subject such that the total brightness of the one or more backlights measured on the subject A method is provided that is controlled to be less than or substantially the same as the total luminance.

  As used herein, the term “backlight” includes lights that illuminate the back and / or sides of a subject. The term “side light” is used to refer to the light that illuminates the side of the subject, and the term “rear light” is used for the light that is used to illuminate the back of the subject.

  The term “front of the subject” refers to the side of the subject facing the camera, and the term “rear of the subject” refers to the side opposite to the camera of the subject. In some embodiments, it is important for the subject to keep an eye on the camera, so in most cases, the present invention is not limited to the front of the subject including the face of the subject.

  By increasing the brightness of the rear illumination relative to the front illumination, the projected Peppers ghost image is rounder and deeper than the image generated by photographing the subject using the conventional three-point illumination method looks like. In particular, the image is placed on a translucent screen such as a translucent foil provided at 45 degrees to the line of sight between the projector and the audience so that the audience can see the image as a “ghost” in the background behind the screen. By projecting, a Peppers ghost image is generated. However, translucent screens often reflect only a portion of the light in the projected image, resulting in images taken using conventional illumination configurations appear darker than the background. The present invention overcomes this problem by taking advantage of the psychological effect that objects appear brighter when compared to those with lower brightness. In the present invention, the brightness of the front light is lower than or substantially the same as that of the backlight so that the edge of the subject appears brighter than usual, thereby making the image more rounded and deeper. To. Furthermore, the shadow of the subject is clearer because it is not erased by the bright front light.

  In one embodiment, the term “substantially the same brightness” means that the ratio of the total brightness of the backlight to the total brightness of the front light is greater than 2/3, more preferably greater than 3/4. That is, the total brightness of the backlight may be less than the total brightness of the front light, and still has an advantage over the prior art as long as the brightness of the front light is less than 150% of the brightness of the backlight. In general, the smaller the ratio of the brightness of the frontlight to the brightness of the backlight, the greater these advantages, for example, the brightness of the frontlight is preferably no more than 120% of the brightness of the backlight, more preferably Is less than 110% of the brightness of the backlight, and even more preferably less than 100% of the brightness of the backlight.

  The total luminance of the one or more front lights may be smaller than the total luminance of the one or more backlights.

  The illumination configuration may further comprise one or more sidelights for illuminating the side of the subject (ie, one or more lights at about 90 degrees relative to the line connecting the camera and the subject). The one or more sidelights may be for illuminating both sides of the subject. The one or more sidelights may illuminate the side or each side with a total brightness measured at the subject as less than the total brightness of the one or more backlights measured at the subject. The one or more sidelights may illuminate the side or each side with a total brightness that is less than the total brightness of the frontlight.

  The one or more sidelights may be controlled such that the luminance changes when the subject moves so as to approach and separate from the sidelight. In particular, one or more sidelights are controlled to reduce the brightness of the illumination when the subject moves closer to the sidelight and to increase the brightness when the subject moves away from the sidelight. May be.

  The one or more backlights, the one or more front lights, and the one or more sidelights may comprise different lamps for illuminating (mainly) different parts of the subject. That is, the lamp is directed or directed to different parts of the subject.

  In one embodiment, the different portions are vertical portions of the subject. For example, when the subject is a person, there are five vertical portions such as a hair, a head, a torso, a leg, and a foot. For practical reasons, such as available equipment and time, it may not be possible to illuminate these parts, which are different, for example, the three longitudinal parts: head, torso and legs / foot. A number of longitudinal portions may be used. Furthermore, if it is not a person but another object such as an animal, or if a person is wearing clothes or equipment and the hair, head, torso, legs and / or feet are of similar colors In that case, it may be appropriate to use other parts. In one embodiment, the left and right portions may be used. For a moving subject, it may be necessary for the light to track the subject throughout the stage.

  The lamp may contain mainly profile (ellipsoidal) spotlights since the illumination can be tightly controlled. Preferably, about 60% of the illumination is provided by profile spotlights.

  The one or more frontlights are used to illuminate the subject's head, profile spotlights to illuminate the subject's torso, and / or illuminate the subject's legs and feet. May include a profile spotlight. The one or more front lights may further include a fill lamp such as a Fresnel lamp for illuminating the subject from below. This fill lamp is useful for replenishing deep shadows caused by loosely fitted clothing, unbuttoned jackets, and the like. The one or more front lights may further include a profile spotlight for illuminating the subject's eye. This is used to make the deeply depressed eye stand out without over-illuminating the front of the subject.

  One or more backlights are used to illuminate the subject's head, profile spotlights to illuminate the subject's torso, and / or illuminate the subject's legs and feet. May include a profile spotlight.

  The illumination configuration may further comprise one or more overhead lights located directly above the subject. Such a light can be used to increase the brightness of the hair of the subject, for example when the subject is dark hair. The overhead light may include a fluorescent lamp such as that provided by KinoFlo Lighting Systems. However, the one or more overhead lights advantageously comprise one or more LEDs.

  One or more front, side, and backlights illuminate the cubic volume so that when the subject moves horizontally within the cubic volume, the illumination characteristics for the subject remain substantially the same. It may be arranged.

  In one embodiment, the light is controlled so that the lighting effect on the subject being photographed matches the lighting effect at the location where the Peppers ghost image of the subject is projected. The light may be controlled to produce a color temperature that matches the color temperature of the person / object at the location where the Pepper's ghost image of the subject is projected. This is accomplished by illuminating the subject with an appropriately colored light, for example using an appropriately colored gel for the light.

  Another lighting effect may be given to the subject so that it matches the lighting effect at the location where the Pepper's ghost image of the subject is projected. For example, if there is a highly reflective surface at the location of the Peppers ghost image that generates the characteristic light pattern, a similar or matching illumination pattern can be generated by the light that illuminates the subject.

  Thus, if the illumination characteristics match between the image of the subject to be photographed and the illumination state where the Peppers ghost image is projected, the authenticity of the Peppers ghost image increases.

  In an embodiment that “live” projects a subject as a Peppers ghost image (often referred to as “telepresence”), the method illuminates the subject in response to a lighting environment that changes where the Peppers ghost image is projected. The method of controlling the light to perform may be included. For example, as is often the case with concerts and other shows, the lighting may change where the Peppers ghost image is projected, and this method is subject to changes in the lighting environment where the Peppers ghost image is projected. Accordingly, a step of controlling a light that illuminates the subject may be included.

  As used herein, the term “illumination environment” refers to illumination at or near where a Peppers ghost image is projected, regardless of the projection of the film. For example, it is a light that illuminates a stage where a peppers ghost appears, or a reflecting surface that makes light incident on or near the place where the peppers ghost is projected.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising photographing the subject under an illumination configuration having one or more floor lights. And a method is provided in which the subject is positioned directly above the one or more floor lights such that the subject is illuminated from below by the one or more floor lights.

  A possible advantage of having one or more floor lights that illuminate the subject from below is that areas that are not illuminated by the front, back, or side lights are illuminated. For example, the underside of the subject's shoes or feet can be illuminated by a floor light. By illuminating areas of the subject that are not normally illuminated, the projection of the subject as a Peppers ghost looks more authentic. For example, when the subject raises his / her foot, the floor light illuminates the bottom of the foot, so the bottom of the foot does not appear black because there is no illumination, but the bottom of the foot is recorded on the projected film.

  In one embodiment, the one or more floor lights are emitted by the one or more floor lights so that the light emitted by the one or more floor lights does not directly enter the camera used to photograph the subject. A mask for collimating light is provided.

  Regarding the transmission of light from a position where light is emitted to a position where light is incident, the term “directly” means that there is a line that can be seen from the position where light is emitted to the position where light is incident.

  Including floor lights in the Peppers Ghost projection is detrimental to the authenticity of the Peppers Ghost ghost. The mask collimates the light emitted by the one or more floor lights such that a substantial amount of light emitted by the one or more floor lights is directed upward relative to the one or more floor lights. An advantage of collimating upward the light emitted by one or more floor lights is that the floor lights can be prevented from entering the viewing angle of the camera where the subject is photographed as Peppers Ghost. For example, the mask may have a frustoconical opaque surface.

  In one embodiment, the one or more floor lights comprise a plurality of individual floor lights, each of the individual floor lights having a substantial amount of light emitted by each of the individual floor lights for each of the individual floor lights. And a mask for collimating the light emitted by each of the individual floor lights so as to face upward. For example, the mask may have a frustoconical opaque surface.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, wherein the subject is photographed under an illumination configuration having one or more lights including one or more LEDs. A method is provided in which a substantial amount of illumination of the subject measured at the subject is provided by one or more LEDs.

  The term “substantial amount of illumination of the subject” means that one or more LEDs are at least 10% of the illumination energy incident on the subject, preferably at least 50% of the illumination energy, and most preferably at least 90% of the illumination energy. Means to provide. In one embodiment, all of the lamps in the lighting configuration are LED lamps, and thus 100% of the lighting energy is generated by the LED lamps.

  In some embodiments, the subject is “live” projected as a Peppers ghost image, often referred to as “telepresence”. The term “live” should be understood to have the conventional meaning of being transmitted when acting. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the communication link can introduce some delay. Such a delay is negligible or undetectable to the audience, but it may cause a delay of a few seconds if relaying is used for the communication link, for example.

  In the described embodiment, low energy consumption LED “environmentally friendly” lighting equipment is used. These discreet lighting devices are highly efficient and have many advantages over conventional tungsten lighting and are suitable for use in small areas such as mobile studios. A mobile studio used to generate telepresence is referred to herein as a telepresence booth. The characteristics of the telepresence booth are described in more detail in the earlier application British Patent Application No. 082119966.6. Most importantly, the light operates in a small space, with minimal power consumption, minimal heat dissipation, and the most natural daylight skin temperature when focused on a film subject. Is required.

  The LED lamp may be used as a flood lamp or a spot lamp, for example, to illuminate a subject. LED lamps consume much less power than incandescent lamps, allow the lamps to operate on battery power, and are more stable with respect to color shift (i.e., the color of light emitted by LED lamps is And substantially does not change as the brightness changes). Furthermore, since the LED lamp operates at a low temperature, there is no need for air conditioning and the risk of fire is reduced. Therefore, in this method, it is not necessary to provide air conditioning for cooling the illumination configuration.

  In some embodiments, the step of photographing the subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image includes the step of projecting telepresence, and the light output characteristics of the LED are controlled substantially in real time. In such a “live” projection of a subject as a Peppers ghost image, the method includes controlling the light that illuminates the subject in response to a lighting environment that changes at the location where the Peppers ghost image is projected. But you can. Since LED lamps can be switched at higher speeds than conventional incandescent lamps and can operate at high frequencies, it is advantageous to use LEDs in such a manner. In some embodiments, the LED can be dimmed using pulse width modulation (PWM) or by reducing the forward current of the diode.

  In one embodiment, the method is emitted by at least one of the one or more LEDs or the one or more LEDs using at least one hood or baffle attached to at least one of the one or more LEDs. The method further includes adjusting the light. The hood / baffle is used to reduce / shield the amount of light coming from the side of the LED (ie, light going outside the intended subject) or otherwise reduce the divergence of the light generated by the LED. Preferably, the inner surface of the hood through which light from the LED passes has high light absorption.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising photographing a subject under an illumination configuration having one or more lighting fixtures, The light transmitting member having at least one reflecting surface, the plurality of LEDs, the at least one output surface, and the LED so as to prevent light emitted by the LED from reaching the at least one output surface directly. A method is provided comprising a mask for shielding emitted light, and the light emitted by the LED reaches the at least one output surface by reflection at at least one reflecting surface.

  In one embodiment, the luminaire is configured such that the light emitted by the LED is directed to at least one reflective surface. The mask may comprise an opaque surface located on the side of the LED to prevent light from reaching the at least one output surface directly.

  One possible advantage of using a luminaire is that since the emitted light is reflected before exiting the luminaire, the intensity of the emitted light is approximately uniform for all angles at which the light exits the luminaire. is there. This is useful for illuminating the area of the subject with uniform brightness. For example, the luminaire may be a thin cubic shape having two large planes and four small planes, and the light emitted by the luminaire is directed at least approximately perpendicularly from one of the large planes. .

  Another advantage of using luminaires is that they can be used in many places where larger conventional lights do not fit because of their small dimensions.

  In one embodiment, the luminaire is a cube shape with a thickness of 8 mm (0.3 inches), 76 mm × 76 mm (3 inches × 3 inches), 76 mm × 152 mm (3 inches × 6 inches), 152 mm × 152 mm ( There are six basic sizes: 6 inches x 6 inches, 76 mm x 305 mm (3 inches x 12 inches), 152 mm x 305 mm (6 inches x 12 inches) and 305 mm x 305 mm (12 inches x 12 inches), with a maximum size of 1 , 220 x 2,440 mm (48 inches x 96 inches). Alternatively, the shape may vary from a circle to a complicated geometric shape.

  According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for photographing a subject so as to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the step of photographing the subject with a camera to generate a film, wherein the shutter speed of the camera is A step between 1/25 and 1/120 seconds, preferably between 1/60 and 1/120 seconds, preferably between 1/60 and 1/100 seconds; Providing a film to a Peppers ghost projection system. This aspect of the invention can be readily combined with other aspects and embodiments of the invention.

  It has been found that at these shutter speeds, motion blur is sufficiently reduced without producing the strobe effect that can occur at higher shutter speeds.

  In the process of providing the film, the film may be sent immediately to the Peppers Ghost Projection System, eg, for a “live” performance, or after completion, to a data storage medium such as an electronic signal or CD-ROM, for example. A film may be recorded and delivered.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a film of a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image generated by the above aspect of the present invention.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for providing a Pepper's ghost image, the step of photographing a subject according to the foregoing aspects and embodiments of the present invention, and an audience for a film image to overlap a background against a screen. Projecting the film through a translucent screen placed at an angle relative to the line of sight of the projected film and the audience, preferably 45 degrees, so as to be visible.

  The term “translucent” should be understood to have the usual meaning of allowing some but not all of the incident light to pass (ie, partially transparent).

  The method may include projecting the film so that a Peppers ghost image of the subject is seen at the same height as the real subject. In one embodiment, the photographing step includes positioning the camera and the subject such that the subject extends substantially over the entire height of the image recorded by the camera. In particular, the subject from head to toe extends substantially over the entire height of the image recorded by the camera. This advantageously optimizes the number of pixels of the subject.

  In order to illuminate a subject (generally a person), it is desirable to generate “natural” light. This subject is recorded and projected on the foil so as to give the phantom a “real” and natural-looking light that enables optimal and realistic skin tone, so the presentation is important. In these limited spaces, the identified lights and their settings and controls will produce the desired results. Their color temperature can be daylight (absolute temperature 5500 degrees), which gives a striking result.

  Telepresence booths can take a wide variety of sizes to be optimal, but it is common to make the booth as small as possible while achieving the desired subject area and subject illumination for high quality image recording Is convenient.

  If the subject is a person, the size of the camera's maskless plate shooting (that is, the size of a rectangular plane recorded by the camera at the location of the subject and perpendicular to the camera's line of sight) is about 2 m × 3.6 m. is there. The camera can be masked to reduce the number of pixels used. This can be done with various covers, such as a cover made for this purpose (or simply with tape).

  According to one aspect of the present invention, an illumination control system for controlling an illumination configuration, the illumination configuration includes one or more lamps for illuminating a subject during shooting, and the subject film is a Peppers Ghost The illumination control system determines an input device for receiving information about the characteristics of the subject to be photographed and a necessary setting for the lamp from the information, and applies to at least one of the lamps. And a controller configured to send a control signal so that the lamp adapts to the required settings.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, when executed by a processing device, for projecting as a Peppers ghost image, the processing device receives information regarding the characteristics of the subject to be photographed, and illuminates the subject at the time of photographing. A data storage medium is provided that stores instructions for determining a required setting for a lamp in a lighting configuration from information and sending a control signal to at least one of the lamps to adapt the lamp to the required setting.

  In this way, the control system can automatically set the lamp as required by the characteristics of the object being photographed, saving time and reducing the need for a professional lighting technician.

  The illumination control system may include a memory that internally stores data relating to the necessary setting of the lamp for different features of the subject, and determining the necessary setting compares the feature information of the subject with the information stored in the memory. May be executed.

  The characteristics of the subject may be skin color, hair color, and the color of clothes and shoes of the subject. The required setting may include the brightness of the lamp. In one embodiment, for each of the required settings, the total brightness of the one or more front lights measured on the subject may be less than the total brightness of the one or more backlights measured on the subject.

  The required setting may include the color of the lamp.

  The required setting may include the position of the lamp. In particular, the required lamp position may be determined by the height of the subject, such as the height, height, and / or overall height of the subject's legs, torso, head.

  The information may further include information regarding stylistic requirements, such as low key lighting or high key lighting, and the required settings are determined from information regarding subject characteristics and stylistic requirements.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, an illumination control system for controlling an illumination configuration, the illumination configuration includes one or more lamps for illuminating a subject during shooting, and the subject film is a Peppers Ghost The illumination control system includes a controller for controlling each of the lamps to change the lamp settings, and the controller projects the film of the subject as a Peppers ghost image. Connected to a data link that provides data about the lighting environment at the location, the controller sends a control signal to each of the lamps so that the lamp adjusts settings at the time of shooting in response to data about changes in the lighting environment A system is provided.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, when executed by a processing device of an illumination control system that includes one or more lights for illuminating a subject during shooting, the film of the subject is projected onto the processing device as a Peppers ghost image. A data storage medium storing instructions that cause the lights to receive data relating to the lighting environment and to cause the lights to send control signals to the light so that the settings are adjusted during shooting according to data relating to changes in the lighting environment. Provided.

  In this way, the light is automatically adjusted in response to changes in the lighting environment on which the “live” Peppers ghost image of the subject is projected.

  Data storage media include flexible disk, CD-ROM / RAM, DVD-ROM / RAM, Blu-ray disc, HDDVD-ROM, tape, hard drive, memory (including USB memory stick, memory card, etc.), signal (download via the Internet, FTP transmission, etc.), electric wire or any other suitable medium).

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising: one or more first lights for illuminating the front of the subject; Imaging a subject under an illumination configuration having one or more second lights for illuminating the back and / or sides of the light, the light having a total brightness of the one or more first lights of one or more A method is provided that is controlled to be less than or substantially the same as the total brightness of the second light.

  A method of photographing a subject to be projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising one or more front lights for illuminating the front of the subject and one or more for illuminating the rear of the subject Photographing a subject under an illumination configuration having a backlight, wherein the light has a total brightness of one or more frontlights measured on the subject, the total brightness of the one or more backlights measured on the subject Controlled to be less than or approximately the same as the brightness, the main illumination of the subject by the light is provided by the LEDs.

  The method can be performed in a room less than 6 meters wide and / or less than 20 meters deep. For studios larger than 6 meters wide and 20 meters deep, conventional tungsten lamps can also be used.

  As the LED lamp, those described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2008/259600, US Patent Application Publication No. 2006/181862, European Patent No. 1677143, and US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/259409 can be used. .

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for photographing a subject projected as a Peppers ghost image, the method comprising: one or more front lights for illuminating the front of the subject. A method is provided in which the front light drop-off (attenuation) distance is smaller than the distance between the front light and the rear screen.

  The advantage of using a front light having a drop-off distance that is smaller than the distance between the front light and the rear screen is that there is no more light incident on the rear screen. If more light than necessary is incident on the rear screen, this will cause the rear screen to appear gray and reduce the contrast between the subject and the rear screen.

Sectional drawing which shows the studio structure for the illumination structure by one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the studio configuration shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an image taken by a camera arranged in the studio configuration of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lighting control system for automatically adjusting the lighting in the studio configuration shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a studio configuration for a first lighting configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lighting configuration includes an LED lamp. The top view which shows the studio structure of FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a studio configuration for a second lighting configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lighting configuration includes an LED lamp. The perspective view which shows the studio structure of FIG. 7 which illustrated the optical path emitted from the light panel arrange | positioned so that a to-be-photographed object's face and upper body might be illuminated. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the studio configuration of FIG. 7 illustrating the light path emanating from the light panel arranged to illuminate the darker features of the subject. The perspective view which shows the studio structure of FIG. 7 which illustrated the optical path emitted from the light panel arrange | positioned so that the lower part of a to-be-illuminated may be illuminated. The perspective view which shows the studio structure of FIG. 7 which illustrated the optical path which emerges from the light panel arrange | positioned so that it may illuminate to a subject's roughly shoulder. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the studio configuration of FIG. 7 illustrating the light path emanating from a light panel arranged to illuminate the subject's head / ear and upper body. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the studio configuration of FIG. 7 illustrating the light path emanating from a light panel arranged to illuminate the head / ear. The perspective view which shows the studio structure of FIG. 7 which illustrated the optical path which emerges from the overhead light panel arrange | positioned so that an edge might be obtained at the to-be-photographed object's head. The top view which shows the studio structure of FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a studio having a studio configuration for a third illumination configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention, where the illumination configuration includes an LED lamp. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a studio having a studio configuration for a fourth illumination configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the illumination configuration includes an LED lamp. The top view which shows the studio structure of FIG. The figure which shows the light hood by embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 shows an LED string with a light baffle / hood according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows the studio structure for the illumination structure by another embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows a floorlight provided with the LED row | line with a light mask by embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the lighting fixture containing the LED row | line | column inside a room provided with the reflective surface by embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the studio configuration includes a stage 1 on which a subject such as a person projects a standard lens (for example, Canon HJ21 or 22) for projection as a Peppers ghost image. Taken by a camera 2 such as a Sony HDW-750P, Sony HDW-900P, or HDC-F950. When photographing, front lights 3 to 9 for illuminating the front of the person, rear lights 10 to 14 for illuminating the rear of the person, and side lights 15 and 16 for illuminating the side of the person A person is illuminated by the included lighting configuration.

  The term “person front” refers to the side of the person that faces the camera, and the term “person rear” refers to the opposite side of the camera.

  In the embodiments described below, some of the lights may be incandescent or fluorescent lamps (eg, tungsten lamps), but as will be described in detail later, at least some of the lights are LED lamps. Conveniently be.

  The front lights 3-9 include lights for illuminating different parts of the person. In one embodiment, the pair of elevation front lights 3 and 4 are attached to a stand, for example a 14 foot stand, to illuminate the person's head and torso, and the pair of elevation front lights 5 and 6 are It is for illuminating a human leg and foot. The front light further includes an elevated eye light 7 for illuminating the human eye and two floor fill lights 8 and 9 for raising shadows on the person's clothing.

  The front lights 3 to 7 are electronically controllable 2 kW profile (ellipsoid) spotlights having a lens of 22 to 25 mm, and the illumination area can be accurately controlled as necessary. In particular, the lights 3-7 may have hinged doors that are appropriately controlled to limit the rays as needed, and the color and brightness of the spotlights 3-7 can be dictated by the required skin color and body. It is selected based on the required color temperature of that part of the person, such as the color of the clothing that covers the upper side. For example, for people with very dark skin, the output of front lights 3 and 4 may be 1.8 kW. For those with very light skin, the output of the front lights 3 and 4 may be 1.3 kW. The front lights 3 and 4 may be set to an appropriate power level between 1.3 kW and 1.8 kW depending on how light or dark the person's skin color / clothing is. The color of the eye light 7 may also be determined by the person's skin color.

  The color and brightness of the low front lights 5 and 6 are determined by the color of clothes covering the legs and shoes covering the feet. The output of the low front lights 5 and 6 is also set between 1.3 and 1.8 kW depending on how bright / dark the subject's clothes and shoes are.

  The floor fill lights 8 and 9 are 650 W Fresnel lights having luminance and color depending on the clothes and skin tone of the subject.

  The front lights 3 to 7 are at an angle such that most of the light emitted from the front lights 3 to 7 is not directly reflected by the rear wall 19 behind the subject. In this way, the reflected front light does not appear as undesirable rear illumination for the subject.

  The backlights 10 to 14 are electronically controllable 2 kW profile (ellipsoid) spotlights having 22 to 25 mm lenses and include lights for illuminating different parts of the person. In this embodiment, a pair of elevation backlights 10 and 11 are attached to a stand, for example a 14 foot stand, to illuminate a person's head and torso, and the pair of elevation backlights 12 and 13 It is for illuminating a human leg and foot. The front light further includes an elevated center backlight 14 for illuminating the person's head and waist.

  LED lights can be used as front, back and / or side lights. For example, a 5600K (Kelvin) LED lamp is used. LED lamps consume much less power than incandescent lamps, allowing the lamps to operate with battery power or a relatively small power supply. The use of batteries reduces the number of cables in the studio and improves the safety of the work environment. LEDs are also more stable with respect to color shifts (ie, the color of light emitted by LED lamps does not change substantially with changes in brightness). Furthermore, since the LED lamp operates at a low temperature, there is no need for air conditioning and the risk of fire is reduced.

  LED lamps operate at a much lower voltage than incandescent lamps, and generally the voltage for illuminating a subject for shooting will generally be in the range of a few volts to a few tens of volts. Since LED lamps operate at relatively low voltages and are solid state devices, they are more suitable for integration with electronic control. This is useful for the present invention where various technical advantages can be achieved by controlling the light output of the front, side and rear lights. In particular, LED lamps can be switched more quickly than conventional incandescent lamps, thereby allowing the lamps to darken quickly. Also, the intensity of the light generated by the LED can be controlled using pulse width modulation.

  LED lamps that are solid state devices are generally rugged (as opposed to fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs) and shock resistant. This is particularly advantageous in a studio environment, and even more advantageous in a mobile studio environment where the lamp is exposed to the rigors of regular movement. LEDs have a relatively long service life and an estimated failure time of approximately 35,000 to 50,000 hours has been reported (in contrast to incandescent light bulbs at about 1,000 to 2,000 hours). is there). LEDs fail slowly, i.e. they do not disappear suddenly like incandescent light bulbs, but often go dark over time when they fail. All of these properties mean that the number of spare lamps that need to be carried is much less than that required for incandescent bulb lighting systems. This is an important advantage for mobile studio environments where space and weight capacity are limited.

  The advantages of LEDs described above can be realized by using LED lamps for some or all of the lamps in the lighting system. So, for example, if 25% of the lamps are LEDs, the benefits gained by using LED lamps (for example, reduced power required for lighting systems, etc.) are realized by the corresponding / accompaniment. Will. In other words, the full benefits of using LEDs are realized when substantially all lamps used in the lighting system are LED lamps, but only a portion of the lamps are used in the lighting system. Even in this case, the same benefits can be realized to a lesser extent.

  The brightness and color of the backlights 10 to 14 are determined by the color of human skin, clothes and shoes.

  For example, for people with very dark skin, the output of the backlights 10 and 11 may be set to 1.7 kW. For people with very light skin, the output of the backlights 10 and 11 may be set to 900W. The color of the central backlight 14 is also determined by the color of the person's skin.

  The color and brightness of the lower backlights 12 and 13 are determined by the color of the clothes covering the legs and the shoes covering the feet. For dark clothes and shoes, the output of the lower backlights 12 and 13 is greater than when the subject has light clothes and shoes.

  The front lights 3 to 7 and the backlights 10 to 14 are placed about 1.5 to 2 m from the subject.

  The sidelights 15 and 16 are profile (ellipsoidal) spotlights for illuminating a person's side, and the brightness and color of the sidelights 15 and 16 are also determined by the color of the person's skin, clothes and shoes.

  In one embodiment, the output levels of the sidelights 15 and 16 are adjusted according to the movement of people on the stage. The output level of the lights 15, 16 is lowered when the person moves toward the light, and is increased when the person moves away from the light.

  The person may also be illuminated with overhead fluorescent lights 17 and 18 (fluorescent lights provided by KinoFlo Lighting Systems in this embodiment) to illuminate the person's hair. These lights 17 and 18 are particularly advantageous when a person has dark hair. As will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 20, at least a part of the overhead lighting 17 is advantageously an LED lamp.

  The studio is arranged to obtain a solid background, and in particular, the back wall 19 provides a “solid” background suitable for shooting Peppers ghost images, such as a black, blue, green or silver screen.

  Such a rear wall 19 reduces the light reflected by the subject. If possible, the subject color should be chosen so that it does not match the background color. A blue / green screen background is preferred. This is because if the black background is over-illuminated, the clarity of the Peppers ghost image generated from the film will be lost, especially around the contours, the Peppers ghost image will be blurred, and the Peppers ghost image will be real May be reduced.

  If a blue / green background cannot be prepared, an alternative is to prepare a silver screen on the back wall 19 and form a blue LED light exactly round around the camera lens, thereby It functions to remove the subject and separate it into the foreground.

  In use, a person is illuminated by lights 2-18 when photographed by camera 2. In order to suppress regular reflection from any floor of the subject, a polarization camera filter may be used.

  As described in International Publication No. WO2007 / 052005, this illumination configuration is generated by photographing a person using a conventional three-point illumination method when a film recording a person is projected by the system. The person's Peppers ghost image appears to be more rounded and deeper than the image. In particular, the lights 3 to 18 have a total luminance of the one or more front lights 3 to 9 smaller than or substantially the same as the total luminance of the one or more backlights (for example, one or more rear lights 10 to 14 and one or more lights). The total brightness of the side lights 15 and 16 is smaller or substantially the same). The total luminance of the front lights 3 to 9 may be less than 150% of the total luminance of the backlight. That is, depending on the embodiment, the frontlight may be brighter than the backlight, but the frontlight should not be too bright compared to the backlight (eg, the frontlight should be less than 150% of the backlight brightness). Should be). The one or more side lights may illuminate the side or both sides with a total brightness that is less than the total brightness of the one or more rear lights and greater than the total brightness of the front lights.

  The overall purpose of the illumination is to provide details in a uniform manner, eliminating dark spots (otherwise parts of the image will not be visible due to dark spots) or overly bright spots (out-of-focus areas of the image). It ’s bright enough to capture. In addition to picking out different textures, lighting has to cast shadows in a way that emphasizes the subject and allow light to pass over the subject. Rear illumination must form an edge around the contour of the subject to increase the sharpness of the image.

  The color temperature of the subject's Pepper's ghost image should be as close as possible to the hue and color temperature of a tone similar to the skin of a person moving with the Pepper's ghost image. The desired color temperature is obtained by selecting the colors required for the front, back and side lights, for example by color correcting the lights with gels. The illumination at the location where the Peppers ghost image is projected can also be arranged to illuminate the Peppers ghost image, separated from others near the Peppers ghost image, in some embodiments, Such color temperature matching is not required.

  Other lighting effects where the Peppers ghost image is projected will also increase the apparent authenticity of the image. For example, it illuminates the background against the stage on which the peppers ghost is projected while ensuring that none of these lights illuminate the area behind the peppers ghost image. This illumination is likely to overwhelm the Peppers Ghost projection.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the camera is positioned with respect to the person such that the person's image recorded by the camera extends across the entire height of the image recorded by the camera. This maximizes the number of human pixels and advantageously optimizes the human resolution in the image. In one embodiment, the size of the camera's unmasked plate shot (ie, the size of a rectangular plane recorded by the camera at the stage 1 position and perpendicular to the camera's line of sight) is about 2 m × 3.6 m. . In some embodiments, the camera may be masked.

  The camera is configured to have a shutter speed between 1/60 seconds and 1/120 seconds. It has been found that at these shutter speeds, motion blur (blurring due to motion) is sufficiently reduced without producing the strobe effect that can occur at higher shutter speeds. The camera is positioned such that the camera's line of sight substantially matches the line of sight of the audience watching the Peppers ghost image and is at least 4 meters away from the subject.

  Film recording a person is fed into a Peppers ghost projection system and projected by the system as a Peppers ghost image, and in one embodiment, the Peppers ghost image of a person appears to be at the same height as the actual person Projected. The film may be transmitted by telecommunications to the location where the film is projected as a Peppers ghost image. In this way, a Peppers ghost image of a person can be broadcast “live” to the audience. Such a method could also be used to allow a person to “telepresence” to a location. This makes it possible for a person to make a presentation to the audience from a remote location, or to exchange information with other people using a video conferencing method.

  Alternatively, after filming is complete, the entire film may be recorded and delivered on a data storage medium such as an electronic signal or DVD.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lights 3 to 18 are adjusted under the control of the illumination control system 101. Each of the lights 3 to 18 may have a control circuit (not shown) associated with the light in order to adjust the brightness, color and position of the light in response to a control signal from the illumination control 101. A device for a user to input subject characteristics to be recorded in the system 101, in this example a device 101 including a mouse 102, a keyboard 103, and a touch screen 103 ′, lights 3-18 and a processing device 104. Outputs to send control signals, and processing unit 104 is configured to determine the required settings for lights 3-18 from that input and send control signals to each light to adapt the lights to the required settings. The

  The system 101 includes a memory 105 in which a database of lighting settings is stored, each lighting setting corresponding to a different combination of human features that are photographed and projected as a Peppers ghost image. In use, the user inputs features such as skin color, hair color, and subject clothing and shoe colors into the system 101, and in response, the processing unit 104 selects the combination of the selected features. Is retrieved from the memory 105. The processor 104 then sends a signal to the lights 3-18 to adapt the lights 3-18 to the retrieved settings.

  The system 101 includes a display of a touch screen 103 ′ that displays an image representing a person, and a user selects a different part of the person using the input devices 102, 103, 103 ′, and the selected part of the person The color of can be specified. The processing device 104 receives input relating to the color of each part, and searches the necessary setting stored in the memory 105 based on the input in order to find a setting suitable for human characteristics. If a suitable setting is found, the processor 104 sends a control signal to the lights 3-18 to cause the lights 3-18 to adapt to that setting.

  In one embodiment, the different portions are human vertical portions, for example, five vertical portions of hair, head, torso, legs, and feet when the subject is a person. For practical reasons, such as available equipment and time, it may not be possible to illuminate these parts, which are different, for example, the three longitudinal parts: head, torso and legs / foot. A number of longitudinal portions may be used. Furthermore, if it is not a person but another object such as an animal, or if a person is wearing clothes or equipment and the hair, head, torso, legs and / or feet are of similar colors In that case, it may be appropriate to use other parts. In one embodiment, the left and right portions may be used. For a moving person, it will be necessary for the light to track the person throughout the stage.

  In this way, the control system can automatically set the light as required by the characteristics of the subject being photographed, saving time and reducing the need for a professional lighting technician.

  The required settings are determined empirically and then stored in memory.

  The system 101 may also be connected to a device 107 where the subject film is projected as a Peppers ghost image by a data link 106, such as a telecommunications connection. The device 107 provides feedback to the system 101 based on the lighting environment where the Peppers ghost image is being projected. The device 107 may provide feedback that depends on the input to the device 107, for example, the device 107 is itself a system for controlling the light where the Peppers ghost image is projected, the program The system 101 may be provided with feedback data regarding the set lighting settings, or / and the device 107 may include one or more sensors 108, eg, one, for detecting the lighting environment where the peppers ghost image is projected. Data relating to the detected lighting environment may be sent to the apparatus 101 by being connected to the above photodetector.

  In response to receiving feedback / data from the device 107, the processing device 104 may, in at least some embodiments, match the lighting environment or at least aspects of the lighting environment where the peppers ghost image is projected. In addition, the lighting settings of the lights 3 to 18 are controlled. In this way, the authenticity of the Peppers ghost image is increased because the illumination of the subject being photographed matches the illumination that would have been received if the subject was actually in the location where the Peppers ghost image was projected.

  Similar to attempting to match the lighting effect where the Peppers Ghost image is being projected, the processor 104 is required based on the object / person on the stage on which the Peppers Ghost image is projected. The light may be controlled so that the color temperature is obtained. Further, the processing device 104 may control the lights 3 to 18 based on feedback from the device 107 so as to obtain special effects such as increasing or decreasing the transparency of the peppers ghost image.

  The present invention is not limited to the illumination configuration described above, and other combinations of front, back and side lights may be used. In one embodiment, the front and backlight comprise a very large light arrangement that provides fine-grained control over illumination throughout the stage 1.

  In one embodiment, the subject is a member of the audience. In such situations, it may not be possible to provide the lighting configuration described above, for example, by suspending the front and rear lighting in different ways, such as hanging spotlights on the truss to provide lighting from multiple points. You may go.

  LED lights may be used for the front, back and / or side lights. For example, a 5600 kW LED lamp can be used. LED lamps consume much less power than incandescent lamps, allow the lamps to operate on battery power, and are more stable with respect to color drift (i.e., the color of the light emitted by an LED lamp is It does not change substantially with the change in brightness). Furthermore, since the LED lamp operates at a low temperature, there is no need for air conditioning and the risk of fire is reduced.

  LEDs that are solid state electronic components and are small compared to other types of lighting are particularly suitable for incorporation into a light array. For example, a two-dimensional array of LEDs can be used to form a panel, which may or may not be a flat panel. Since the size of each individual LED in such an array is small, the array granularity can be improved compared to arrays with other types of lamps.

  Preferably, the telepresence filming room or booth is typically desired to have a variety of sizes ranging from as little as 5 meters long and 3 meters wide to a studio stage configuration as wide as 20 meters. Satisfactory results can also be achieved with conventional tungsten lighting in large stage configurations, or if the image size is substantially greater than 6 meters wide, and if the studio has sufficient depth, perhaps 20 meters or more. .

  Figures 5 to 20 illustrate various lighting plans according to various embodiments of the present invention. In these embodiments, LED lamps are used to provide a substantial amount of illumination to the subject.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 show an illumination plan in which the distance from the focal plane of the camera to the subject 400 is about 18 feet (5.5 meters), for example. Such a lighting plan can be realized as a telepresence booth where about five people can stand in the subject area. Such design and setting may enlarge or reduce the “scale” according to the required number of people or the size of the subject area.

  The distance between the camera and the subject is determined by the focal length of the lens and the subject. In this case, a 40 mm (35 mm format) lens is used to record a person who can freely extend his / her arm while standing in full vertical screen in the frame without detaching from the frame. Lenses in this range fall within the “normal” range of the subjective viewpoint (“POV”). Assuming that a 1 foot (0.3 meter) high stage platform is used to photograph the subject, the lens is placed about 2 feet (0.6 meters) away from the ground and the viewer Will be within the normal viewing range of a telepresence image projected to look natural on a slightly elevated stage. In certain applications or viewing situations, the camera can also be adjusted vertically to obtain a more “natural” viewing angle.

  A non-reflective, preferably light-absorbing material or structure is provided immediately behind the subject. The photography industry has a track record of using black velvet curtains for such purposes. The dimensions of the curtain are approximately 15 feet (4.6 meters) wide and 10 feet (3 meters) high.

  Alternatively, a “light trap” can provide a less reflective background. As such a device, the louver surface perpendicular to the camera tilt angle obscures the camera's field of view, while the “leak” light passes through the louver and is confined in a non-reflective area or It can be a louver.

  A black background behind the subject (for example, a black velvet curtain) may appear to have reduced black due to lighting effects. That is, the background may appear gray. This effect can be reduced by a technique known as “crushing the black”. A way to reduce the intensity of light on the background is to increase the distance between the front light and the background by moving the front light away from the background, or vice versa. Alternatively, a camera used to photograph a subject can be configured to process a light source that is below a certain threshold as black. For example, if the light reflected by the rear screen is less than 1 candela, the camera may treat it as black.

  The light in the lighting configuration is selected such that the drop-off distance of light from the front light is smaller than the distance between the front light and the background behind the subject (eg, the rear screen or the rear curtain). This prevents light from the front light from entering the rear screen at such a high intensity that the contrast between the subject and the rear screen is lowered.

  It is desirable to use a platform that is approximately 4 x 12 feet (1.2 x 3.7 meters) in size and about 1 foot (0.3 meters) high. This makes it possible to record several people moving, and better separates the foot from the black velvet than a floor without a raised platform. This raised platform, which is generally painted black, also helps to alleviate the problem of seeing the background of the velvet or “knockout” curtains reaching the floor. In some situations, it may be desirable for the raised platform surface to be somewhat reflective or semi-reflective. For example, in a black “Marlite” or “TV Tile” raising platform, the illusion that a virtually projected image that is projected nearby is “standing” on a physical stage A subtle reflection of the foot or the like can be obtained so as to promote.

  Here, a description will be given of some illumination settings for a situation in which a most realistic virtual image of a subject photographed using the most mainstream film photographing conditions is obtained.

  The lighting plans illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 show lighting configurations for stages up to 3 meters wide. Such a stage can be added to a conventional 30 foot / 40 foot (9 meter / 12 meter) truck container with the addition of other audio recording and imaging equipment. Such a truck container is a perfect external broadcast track. In the illustrated embodiment, several different LED panels “Daylight Flood Instruments” are provided around the photographic subject to form a cube of light.

  A wide variety of types of LED panel units can be used. First, an LED flood panel, this type of light emits a wide range of plane illumination and is used to obtain a general illumination level suitable for high resolution imaging environments. The second LED panel unit that can be used is an LED spotlight. This provides greater intensity illumination in the more focused light path. The third type of light is a light mini-panel, which is designed to illuminate a small, focused area of the subject element, such as the subject's hair or shoes.

  According to this lighting plan, the LED flood panel 101A mainly illuminates the upper part of the body and the face of the subject with general floodlighting, and the intensity and brightness of the LED panel 101A is a blur of light along the rear wall. Or it is set to provide sufficient illumination to make the film subject stand out while minimizing leakage. The LED panel spotlights 102A and 102B are used for illumination to focus on dark areas of the subject, such as orbits, hair, and dark clothes / shoes as needed. The light panels 102A and 102B have a semi-opaque diffuser panel just in front of the LED array to slightly soften the spotlight's sharp rays. The LED mini-panels 103A and 103B maintain the light intensity balance of the lower part of the subject's body (trousers, shoes, and stage raising base) and enable the film subject to move left and right while maintaining an appropriate light intensity. To do. The LED flood panels 104A and 104B illuminate the entire area from the back of the subject to be photographed to the shoulder of the subject, thereby creating a rim light effect to clarify the contour of the subject's body. The LED flood panels 105A and 105B give the same lighting effect as the LED flood panels 104A and 104B to the upper part of the body of the subject to be photographed and the head / hair. The overall effect of 104A, 104B, 105A, and 105B is that there is a illusion of light that the audience typically sees when they see the subject performing on a live stage, as seen in a theater or conference hall. Added. The LED mini-panel 106A provides a rim light for adding further sharpness and clarity to the head of the subject being photographed. Note that this light should only be used when the height of the studio is sufficient to place the light outside the camera frame (typically when the ceiling height is higher than 3 meters). it can.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the main part in this figure is a diagram showing a light flood panel 210, a light spot panel 211, and a light mini-panel 212. Illumination of the subject 400 to be photographed is provided by various lights including lights mounted on the ceiling 201 and floor lights 202 so that reverse main illumination is obtained to make the hair stand out. The lower lighting 204, for example, a floor light, can make a subject's shoes stand out, for example. For example, a front fill spotlight 206 mounted on the ceiling is used to highlight the subject and minimize light leakage to the background. Diffuse illumination can be obtained by a light on a floor stand 205, for example a 1 m high floor stand.

  According to the lighting plan shown in FIGS. 7-16, LED flood panels 107A and 107B provide overhead lighting to illuminate film subjects having dark skin color or dark hair. A new technology has been developed to angle the LEDs on the panel, and the “LED panel” according to this new embodiment allows the unit to be mounted more flat or parallel to the wall and ceiling of the room It becomes. This is particularly useful in a booth where the lighting device is constructed to be flush with the wall or embedded in the structure. In some cases, it may be convenient to add overhead or top light to assist in the horizontal area of the subject. This also reduces contrast somewhat when it is desirable to place the subject in a “daylight” or other more realistic and less theater-like environment, as in reality. It seems almost like a “skylight”. Considering that the distance from the standing subject to the overhead light is only a few feet (about 10 feet), it is advantageous to use a cool light with a shallow shape with sufficient “spread”. As an alternative to an LED flood panel, two Kinoflow 4x2 would also be ideal with 216 diffusion.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the ceiling light 208 is used to make a person with dark hair stand out. The other lights shown in this figure are the same or similar to at least some of the lights shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the ceiling light 208a above the subject is again used to make a person with dark hair stand out. Also shown are additional ceiling lights (numbered 208b and 208c, respectively) in front of the subject (i.e., on the camera side), either side by side or on the side of the subject. The other lights shown in this figure are the same or similar to at least some of the lights shown in FIG.

  17 and 18 show a lighting plan which is a basic setting that allows a reasonable virtual image to appear. A total of just 6 LED panels are used: 4 LED flood panels and 2 LED mini panels. All flood panels are equipped with a diffusing screen for spreading light with soft edges in one direction in a cube, which is necessary for recording an image of a subject to be photographed in this embodiment of the present invention. It extends over the entire width and depth of the raised platform up to its maximum height (typically up to 2.2 meters for humans).

  2 placed above the subject's stage, approximately 2 feet (0.6 meters) high (8 feet / 2.4 meters) above the subject's line of sight and at a slight downward angle to illuminate the entire body One “1 × 1” LED panel can cover the “active area” of the platform. It lies on the horizontal side near each array that runs on a line that goes from the camera to the edge of the platform.

  Using one of the lighter diffusing elements used in the diffusing element holder (along with the LED panel 1 × 1 kit) helps to show this light softness and make the illumination area more uniform. FIG. 18 shows a light to which a diffuser provided on, for example, a floor stand (for example, a 1.5 m floor stand) is attached.

  Selecting “Daylight” (absolute temperature about 5500 degrees) optimizes the response from many of today's high-resolution camera systems. A slight warming gel such as 1/4 CTO gel used with the diffusion holder is used to adjust the light characteristics (color temperature) to produce a pleasant and slightly warm skin. Can be used.

  A further advantage of lighting with a “daylight” source is that the adverse effects or “leakage” entering through the windows close to the shooting environment are less noticeable and this lighting configuration can be used in small spaces such as offices or external broadcast tracks. It becomes possible to function efficiently.

  In addition, due to the nature of this LED lighting solution, the telepresence booth can be incorporated into a tent structure, inflatable structure, or other new (possibly transportable) integrated “image recording / display” environment. Is also possible.

  The “fill” (opposite of the key) or “shadow” side of the subject uses a small number of lights (two) and a high degree of diffusion to add a softer and relatively dim “fill” to the shadow side of the subject It can be illuminated in a similar way to the “key side”. The built-in dimmer incorporated in the LED panel 1 × 1 (or similar device) allows fine adjustment to the optimum level of fill for the subject. Of course, the key level can also be controlled. At these distances, the level of light achieved is compatible with the required optimum lens performance. This level is about T2.8-T4 at 320 ASA.

  In order to “separate” the subject from the background, the LED panel 1 × 1 can be used as a “backlight” and possibly even in the sidelight position.

  It is best to illuminate the subject's hair / head, shoulders, torso, and end from the back of the subject in order to obtain details from the background and to aid in the dimensional appearance of the subject. In this case, it would be optimal to use two LED panels 1 × 1 just before the stage of the black curtain (about 1 foot). If one of the light panels (1x1 flood) is located near the edge of the curtain (15 feet) at the top of the ceiling or curtain height, another LED panel 1x1 is placed on the subject (3 .5 feet / 1.0 meter), these lights are subject to a comfortable and efficient side / backlight position, in a coordinated angle with each other. Can be illuminated. By using another set of the same lighting device with the same setting on the opposite side, the entire subject can be covered with this important lighting.

  The black velvet curtain is placed very close to the subject (about 9 feet / 2.7 meters behind the stage) without much illumination due to the direction and angle of this lighting plan and the specified light characteristics be able to. It is desirable to add a “flag” to suppress part of the light emitted from the background at the “top” or “side”. It is also desirable to use a honeycomb-like “egg crate” in some situations to control light directionality / leakage, but such (LED panel) devices will fully perform their functions described. Fulfill.

  In addition to the slight color change of the light due to these LEDs, the immediate dimming combined with a quick diffusion and color gel slot system allows the photography director or lighting engineer to quickly and easily adjust the light properties, quantity and color. It can be easily adjusted to optimize the results on various subjects. Improvements have been made to LED panels that incorporate LEDs of different angles of view, color temperatures, and angles, especially in terms of “spotting” or “warming” various subjects, especially in backlight positions. It will be particularly useful. When this illumination plan is installed, it is possible to record images optimally for an infinite number of subjects in this space. Create a basic “appearance” that produces good results for almost any subject without change. The ability to prepare light for a specific subject or desired result by adding dramatic effects, softening and warming the skin tone, increasing or decreasing keys, fill or backlight etc. , Everything can be done in seconds. Integrated controls designed for high power, low power consumption, long lamp life, very good looking, high quality and excellent CRI (Color Rendering Index) make these emitters ideal for this application I am trying to be something.

  LED lamps generally tend to generate divergent light, which causes light to leak from the sides of the lamp. In order to reduce this light leakage, according to embodiments of the present invention, a hood or baffle may be used to direct the light produced by the LED lamp. FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B show an example of the hood 300. Although the illustrated hood 300 has a truncated cone shape, the hood 300 may have other shapes (for example, a cylindrical shape). Generally, the hood 300 allows a first end 301 having a first opening that is arranged to receive light from the LED in use, and allows the received light to escape from the hood 300. And a second end 302 having a second opening disposed therein. In some embodiments, for example, when the hood 300 has a truncated cone shape, the second opening is smaller than the first opening.

  As shown in FIG. 20, a hood 300 or a hood array may be arranged for the light output of the LED 310 array. One of the LEDs 320a is shown without the hood 300, with a schematic diagram of the light output 340 of the LED. Also, the light output 342 is schematically shown for the LED 320b to which the hood 300 is attached. In general, there is a one-to-one correspondence between hoods and LEDs, and each LED has its own hood 300. Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. In some embodiments, the hood 300 or hood array is configured to be retrofitted to the LED or LED array. The hood 300 may be substantially formed from plastic, rubber, or other light absorbing material, or the hood 300 may be formed from other types of materials and receive hood (light from the LED is incident). The inner surface of 300 may be formed substantially from plastic, rubber, or other light absorbing material.

  The light beam collimator 330 shown in FIG. 20 includes a first array of LED side openings 332 of the light beam collimator 330 and a second array 334 of object side openings of the collimator 330. One or both of the arrays of openings 332 and 334 are slidable (or otherwise translatable) relative to each other to aid in alignment. Similarly, the light collimator 330 is slidable relative to the array of LEDs 310. Adjusting the effective aperture provided to the light beam produced by the LED array by sliding / translating one or both of the arrays or by translating the light collimator 330 relative to the LED array. it can. In this way, the size of the light beam directed to the subject can be adjusted, and the light can be weakened.

  When the two arrays of openings 332 and 334 are aligned with each other and the array of LEDs 310, the light on the subject side of the collimator is substantially collimated.

  Yet another embodiment is shown in FIGS. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 differs from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that it includes a floor light 421. The features of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 that are the same as or similar to the features shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are given corresponding reference numbers in the 400s without further explanation.

  The floor light 421 is located on the stage 401 directly below the person photographed by the camera 402. The floor light is arranged so that the light emitted from the floor light 421 enters the lower side of the person so that the emitted light is directed substantially vertically from the floor of the stage 401. If not present, the floor light 421 illuminates a person's area that is not illuminated by any of the front lights 403-409, rear lights 410-414, side lights 415-416, or overhead lights 417-418. For example, the floor light 421 can illuminate the lower side of the human foot.

  Since the light emitted by the floor light 421 is upward, the light from the floor light 421 is prevented from entering the camera 402. If light from the floor light 421 enters the camera 402, the floor light 421 may appear as a projected image, which would be detrimental to the phantom.

  An enlarged view of the floor light 421 is shown in FIG. The floor light 421 includes an array of LEDs 423 in a housing 425. An array of masks 427 is attached to the light emitting end of the LED 423. The mask 427 is formed from plastic, rubber, or other light-absorbing material, and the frustoconical so that the light is collimated by the mask 427 and is substantially parallel and perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the LED. Is. In FIG. 22 showing the light emitted by the floor light 421, the collimating effect of the mask 427 is shown by a dotted line 429.

  In other embodiments, the floor light 421 may include several different types of lights. For example, the floor light 421 may be a spotlight located below the upper surface of the floor of the stage 401.

  FIG. 23 shows a schematic diagram of a luminaire 501 used to illuminate a subject. For example, the luminaire 501 is used as a front light, a rear light, a side light, an overhead light, or a floor light shown in FIGS. The luminaire 501 includes an array of LEDs 503 disposed in a housing chamber 505, and the housing chamber 505 includes a rear reflective surface 507 and two side reflective surfaces 511 opposite to the output surface 509. The LED 503 is attached to the inside of the output surface 509 so as to emit light that exits from the output surface 509 and travels toward the rear reflective surface 507 or one side reflective surface 511 in the housing chamber 505. The output surface 509 has several gaps 513 so that the light reflected by the rear reflection surface 507 or the side reflection surface 511 exits the housing chamber 505 through the gap 513. The rear side of the LED 503 is opaque so as to prevent light from exiting the luminaire 501 without being reflected by the rear reflective surface 507 or one side reflective surface 511. This produces a light output from the luminaire 501 that is substantially uniform with respect to the angle at which the light exits through the gap 513 on the output surface 509.

  Aspects and embodiments of the invention described herein as methods, apparatus, lighting configurations, lighting controls, and lighting systems are interchangeable. For example, embodiments and aspects of the invention described as methods may be implemented as devices (and vice versa) and are to be interpreted as disclosed. Similarly, embodiments or aspects of the invention described as lighting controls or lighting configurations can also be implemented as part of a lighting system. Thus, disclosure of embodiments or aspects of the invention in any particular category should be construed as disclosed in other categories.

  Some aspects and embodiments of the invention are complementary and synergistic, and some aspects, embodiments can be realized alone or in combination with other embodiments. For example, using LEDs in the lighting configuration has its own advantages, while the control of setting the lighting configuration in response to various inputs has its own, generally different advantages. The combination of LED lighting and lighting control is further synergistic because the quick response time, small size, and solid state integration that can be obtained with LED lighting means that reliable control and real-time / live control can be easily performed. Have advantages.

1 ... stage, 2 ... camera, 3 ... high front light,
5 ... Low front light, 7 ... Eye light, 8 ... Floor fill light,
10 ... Backlight of high place, 12 ... Backlight of low place,
14 ... Central backlight, 15 ... Side light,
17 ... overhead fluorescent light, 19 ... rear wall,
101 ... Lighting control system, 102 ... Mouse, 103 ... Keyboard,
103 '... touch screen, 104 ... processing device,
105 ... Memory, 106 ... Data link, 107 ... Device,
108 ... sensor, 101A, 104A, 105A, 107A ... flood panel, 102A ... panel spotlight, 106A ... mini panel,
201 ... ceiling, 202 ... floor light, 204 ... lower illumination,
205 ... Floor stand, 206 ... Front fill spotlight,
208, 208a ... ceiling light, 210 ... light flood panel,
211 ... Light spot panel, 212 ... Light mini-panel,
300 ... Hood, 330 ... Beam collimator, 332 ... Opening,
340, 342 ... light output, 400 ... subject, 401 ... stage,
402 ... Camera, 421 ... Floor light, 425 ... Case,
427 ... Mask, 429 ... Dotted line, 501 ... Lighting equipment,
505 ... Case chamber, 507 ... Rear reflection surface, 509 ... Output surface,
511... Side reflection surface, 513.

Claims (15)

A method of photographing the subject so as to produce a film suitable for projection by a method of producing a Peppers ghost image of the subject,
The method includes an illumination configuration having one or more first lights for illuminating the front of the subject and one or more second lights for illuminating at least one of the back and sides of the subject. Including photographing the subject below,
The brightness of the first and second lights is controlled to form an edge of light around the subject to sharpen the contour of the subject,
A method wherein the subject is photographed on a reflective or semi-reflective raising platform.   The first and second lights illuminate the cubic volume such that when the subject moves horizontally within the cubic volume, the nature of the illumination of the subject remains substantially the same. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is configured as follows. The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the subject is photographed inside a studio having a depth of less than 20 meters. The subject is photographed in front of a rear screen, the rear screen is any of black, blue, green or silver, and the subject is photographed in front of a light-absorbing back to photograph the subject. 4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the camera used for processing is configured to process light below the threshold as black. The total brightness of the one or more first lights measured at the position of the subject is substantially the same as or less than the total brightness of the one or more second lights measured at the position of the subject. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that The one or more second lights, the one or more first lights, and the one or more side lights have various lamps for illuminating (mainly) different parts of the subject;
It said different part, the method according to claims 1 to any one of the 5, characterized in that it consists of longitudinal portions of the subject. The one or more first lights are:
(I) a profile spotlight for illuminating the head of the subject;
(Ii) a profile spotlight for illuminating the torso of the subject;
(Iii) a profile spotlight for illuminating the legs and feet of the subject, and (iv) one of any combination of (i) to (iii),
The one or more second lights are:
(I) a profile spotlight for illuminating the head of the subject;
(Ii) a profile spotlight for illuminating the torso of the subject;
(Iii) the subject of the legs and profile spotlight for illuminating the foot, and (iv) from (i) in claim 6, characterized in that it comprises an out of any combination of (iii) The method described. (1) The illumination configuration further comprises an overhead light positioned substantially directly above the subject,
(2) the one or more first lights further comprise a profile spotlight for illuminating the eye of the subject;
(3) The one or more first lights further include a fill lamp for illuminating the subject from below,
(4) The illumination configuration further includes one or more floor lights, and the subject is located directly above the one or more floor lights so that the subject is illuminated from below by the one or more floor lights, The floor light is configured to illuminate the underside of the subject's legs,
The method according to any one of claims 1 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one a of from (1) (4). (i) the light is controlled so that the lighting effect on the subject being photographed matches the lighting effect at the location of the projected Peppers ghost image;
(ii) the light is controlled according to the lighting environment changing at the location of the projected Peppers ghost image;
(iii) the light is controlled to produce a color temperature of the subject being photographed that substantially matches the color temperature of the person or object at the location of the projected Peppers ghost image;
(iv) controlled to create a “daylight” temperature (approximately 5500 Kelvin) for the subject being photographed;
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the (i) characterized by having at least one of (iv). (1) having a step of photographing a subject with a camera to generate a film, wherein the shutter speed of the camera is between 1/25 seconds and 1/120 seconds, and for the Peppers Ghost projection system Providing the film with
(2) having a step of filming the subject with a camera to produce a film, wherein the camera is arranged so that the camera's line of sight substantially corresponds to the line of sight of the audience watching the Peppers ghost image , the camera moves away at least 4 meters from the subject, the upper up table is the height of one foot (0.3 m), the lens of the camera, two feet (0.4 meters) from the ground away Position to,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises at least one of said (1) and said (2). Photographing the subject under a lighting configuration having one or more lighting fixtures;
The luminaire has an array of LEDs in a housing room having a rear reflective surface opposite the output surface having one or more gaps and two side reflective surfaces;
The LED is mounted inside the output surface so that light emitted by the LED is directed away from the output surface towards either one of the side reflective surfaces or the rear reflective surface. And
Light is reflected toward the output surface, Method according to claim 1, any one of 10, characterized in that emanating from the housing chamber through the one or more gaps. Lighting system characterized in that it is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11. A film of an object projected as a Peppers ghost image created according to any one of claims 1 to 11 . To perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the control system characterized in that it is configured to control the lighting arrangements. Data carrier, characterized by that store instructions for performing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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