JP6113122B2 - Solid mixed feed for cattle - Google Patents
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Description
乳牛や肉牛へ油溶性ビタミンを補給させることのできる牛用の混合飼料に関する。 The present invention relates to a mixed feed for cattle capable of supplying oil-soluble vitamins to dairy cattle and beef cattle.
通常、牛舎の中で飼われている牛は、餌として粗飼料や濃厚飼料が給与される一方で、ビタミンＡ類の前駆体であるβ―カロチンを含む生の牧草を摂取することができない。また、牛においては、育成、分娩、乳汁、ストレス等により油溶性ビタミンが流失・消費されてしまうため、ビタミンＡ類、Ｄ類、Ｅ類のような油溶性ビタミンの補給が必要となる。そのため、牛の油溶性ビタミンの不足を解消するために、種々のビタミン剤や混合飼料が提供されており、具体的には液体のビタミン剤や、粉体、顆粒状およびカプセル状の混合飼料が市販されている。 Normally, cattle kept in a barn are fed roughage or concentrated feed as feed, but cannot eat raw grass containing β-carotene, which is a precursor of vitamin A. Further, in cows, oil-soluble vitamins are washed away and consumed due to breeding, delivery, milk, stress, etc., so it is necessary to supplement oil-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D and E. For this reason, various vitamin preparations and mixed feeds have been provided in order to solve the shortage of oil-soluble vitamins in cattle. Specifically, liquid vitamin preparations and mixed feeds in the form of powder, granules and capsules are available. It is commercially available.
しかしながら、液体のビタミン剤は、嗜好性が悪く、牛が自発的に摂取しないため、人の手により一頭一頭給与させなければならず、手間がかかる。そのため、酪農の大規模多頭化や酪農に携わる労働者の高齢化が進む現状においては、その給与が困難になってきている。自動飲水投与装置を設け、水にビタミン剤を混合して牛に給与する方法もとられるようになってきているが、設備導入にコストがかかる。 However, liquid vitamin preparations have poor palatability and cows do not voluntarily take them, so they must be fed one by one by human hands, which is troublesome. For this reason, in the current situation where the dairy farming has become large-scale and the aging of the workers involved in dairy farming has progressed, the salary has become difficult. Although an automatic drinking water administration device is provided and a method of feeding vitamins into water and feeding them to cattle, it is costly to introduce equipment.
また、粉体・顆粒状の混合飼料は、粗飼料、濃厚飼料及びＴｏｔａｌ Ｍｉｘｅｄ Ｒａｔｉｏｎ（ＴＭＲ）等に添加して牛に給与されるが、粒が細かいため、風により吹き飛ばされたり、牧草の下に落下する等して、牛が摂取したかどうかわからない場合がある。また、粉体・顆粒状の混合飼料を粗飼料、濃厚飼料及びＴｏｔａｌ Ｍｉｘｅｄ Ｒａｔｉｏｎ（ＴＭＲ）等に高単位で配合することが難しく、その結果、粗飼料等と混合飼料との混合物を牛に多量に摂取させなければならないため、混合飼料の摂取量を正確に把握することが容易でない。 Powdered / granular mixed feed is added to roughage, concentrated feed, Total Mixed Rate (TMR), etc., and fed to cattle. However, because the grains are fine, they are blown away by the wind or under the grass. You may not know if the cow has ingested, such as falling. In addition, it is difficult to mix powder / granular mixed feed into roughage, concentrated feed, and Total Mixed Rate (TMR) in a high unit, and as a result, a large amount of mixture of roughage and mixed feed is consumed by cattle. Therefore, it is not easy to accurately grasp the intake of mixed feed.
また、カプセルに油溶性ビタミンを内包した混合飼料は、製造に専用装置が必要であり、ゼラチン等のカプセルを形成する物質が水や湿気等に弱く、気温が低くなりすぎたり、強い力が加わるとカプセルにひび割れが発生する欠点がある。ひび割れが発生すると内容成分であるビタミン類や油脂類が流出してしまう場合もあるため、好ましくない。また、カプセル状の混合飼料は、その形状が球面を有するフットボール型、長楕円型及び球型等であるため、牛が摂取するときにうまく舌ですくい上げることができず、摂取されずに残ってしまう場合がある。 In addition, mixed feeds that contain oil-soluble vitamins in capsules require special equipment for production, and the substances that form capsules such as gelatin are vulnerable to water and moisture, and the temperature is too low or a strong force is applied. There is a drawback that the capsules crack. When cracks occur, vitamins and fats and oils that are content components may flow out, which is not preferable. In addition, the capsule-shaped mixed feed has a spherical shape, such as a football type, an elliptical type, and a spherical type, so that it cannot be scooped up with the tongue well when ingested by the cow, and remains without being ingested. May end up.
また、上記ビタミン添加剤や混合飼料に加えて、特許文献１に記載される混合飼料も提案されている。特許文献１には、反すう動物用混合飼料が開示されており、当該混合飼料は、（イ）炭素原子１４〜２２個を有する直鎖又は分岐状の飽和又は不飽和のモノカルボン酸、（ロ）硬化した植物性油脂、（ハ）硬化した動物性油脂、からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種以上の物質とキトサンとを含有する保護物質に油溶性ビタミンなどの生理学的活性物質を包含し、半円球状のペレット形状に形成される。しかしながら、当該混合飼料もまた、球面を有する形状であるため、牛が舌でからめ取り難く、摂取することが容易でない。また、製造に各種造粒機が必要となり、設備導入等にコストが掛かる問題がある。 In addition to the vitamin additive and the mixed feed, a mixed feed described in Patent Document 1 has also been proposed. Patent Document 1 discloses a mixed feed for ruminant animals, and the mixed feed is (i) a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, (b) Including a physiologically active substance such as an oil-soluble vitamin in a protective substance containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of :) hardened vegetable oil; and (c) hardened animal oil; and chitosan; It is formed in a semi-spherical pellet shape. However, since the mixed feed also has a spherical shape, it is difficult for cows to entangle with their tongues and is not easy to ingest. In addition, various granulators are required for production, and there is a problem that costs are required for introducing equipment.
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、牛に油溶性ビタミンが配合された混合飼料をより確実に摂取させることのできる技術を提供することを目的とする。 This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the technique which can make a cow intake more reliably the mixed feed in which the oil-soluble vitamin was mix | blended.
すなわち、本発明の要旨は以下のとおりである。
［１］ 固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で１０：０〜１：３．５の油脂と、油溶性ビタミンと、を含有し、質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下であり、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体の形状を有する牛用の固形混合飼料。
［２］ 前記六面体が立方体、直方体又は四角錐台である［１］に記載の牛用の固形混合飼料。
［３］ 前記固形油脂と前記液体油脂との比率が質量比で９：１〜１：２である［１］又は［２］に記載の牛用の固形混合飼料。
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[1] The ratio of the solid fat and the liquid fat contains 10 to 1: 3.5 fat and oil-soluble vitamins in a mass ratio, and the weight is 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less, A solid mixed feed for cattle having a hexahedral shape with a side length of 3 mm or more.
[2] The solid mixed feed for cattle according to [1], wherein the hexahedron is a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, or a truncated pyramid.
[3] The solid mixed feed for cattle according to [1] or [2], wherein the ratio of the solid fat to the liquid fat is 9: 1 to 1: 2 by mass ratio.
本発明によれば、牛に油溶性ビタミンが配合された混合飼料をより確実に摂取させることのできる技術を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the technique which can be made to ingest more reliably the mixed feed by which the oil-soluble vitamin was mix | blended with the cow can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施形態の１つについて詳細に説明する。本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で１０：０〜１：３．５の油脂と、油溶性ビタミンと、を含有し、質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下であり、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体の形状を有する牛用の固形混合飼料である。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment contains fats and oil-soluble vitamins in which the ratio of solid fats and liquid fats is 10: 0 to 1: 3.5 in terms of mass ratio, and the mass is 0.00. It is a solid mixed feed for cattle having a hexahedral shape with a side length of 3 mm or more and 3 mm or more and 8 g or less.
まず、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有される成分について説明する。本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有される固形油脂としては、例えば、イエローグリース、ラード、ヘッド、いわし精製油、マグロ原油等の動物油脂、菜種油、大豆油、綿実油、ゴマ油、落花生油、パーム油、ヤシ油、米油、ツバキ油、オリーブ油、トウモロコシ油、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド等の植物油脂、これら油脂の分別物、エステル交換物もしくはこれらの油脂の水素添加物の中から選ばれる固形油脂を挙げることができ、例えばこれらが１種または２種類以上含有されるようにすることができる。固形油脂が本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有されることにより、牛が自発的に固形混合飼料を摂取するようになる。また、固形油脂は牛のカロリー補給にも寄与することもできる。なお、本明細書において、油脂とは脂肪酸とグリセリンとのエステルをいい、固形油脂とは常温において固体の油脂をいう。 First, the components contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment will be described. Examples of the solid fats and oils contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment include yellow grease, lard, head, sardine refined oil, tuna crude oil and other animal fats, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, peanut oil , Palm oil, coconut oil, rice oil, camellia oil, olive oil, corn oil, vegetable oils and fats such as medium chain fatty acid triglycerides, fractions of these oils and fats, transesterification products, or hydrogenated products of these oils and fats An oil and fat can be mentioned, for example, these can be made to contain 1 type, or 2 or more types. When solid fats and oils are contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment, the cow spontaneously ingests the solid mixed feed. Moreover, solid fats and oils can also contribute to calorie supplementation of cattle. In the present specification, fats and oils refer to esters of fatty acids and glycerin, and solid fats and oils refer to fats and oils that are solid at room temperature.
本実施形態の牛用固形混合飼料には、固形油脂に加えて、液体油脂が含有されるようにすることもできる。この場合、液体油脂は、固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で１０：０〜１：３．５となる範囲で固形混合飼料に含有される。液体油脂が固形油脂の質量の３．５倍を超える場合、混合飼料の流動性が高くなり、固体として形状を保つことができない。また、固形油脂と液体油脂との比率は、質量比で９：１〜１：２であることが好ましい。固形油脂の質量が液体油脂の質量の９倍以下である場合、固形混合飼料が柔軟になるため、牛が摂取した際に崩壊しやすくなり消化器官での消化性が向上する。固形油脂の質量が液体油脂の質量の２分の１以上である場合、固形混合飼料の硬度が高くなるため、固形混合飼料の成形性が向上するとともに、例えば固形混合飼料を給与する時などにおける固形混合飼料の取扱い易さが向上する。なお、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含まれる固形油脂及び液体油脂の割合は特に限定されないが、例えば、固形混合飼料１００質量％に対し、２５質量％〜７０質量％の範囲で含有することが出来る。 In addition to solid fats and oils, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment can contain liquid fats and oils. In this case, the liquid fats and oils are contained in the solid mixed feed in such a range that the ratio of the solid fats and fats to the liquid fats is 10: 0 to 1: 3.5. When liquid fats and oils exceed 3.5 times the mass of solid fats and oils, the fluidity of mixed feed becomes high and the shape cannot be maintained as a solid. Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of solid fats and oils is 9: 1 to 1: 2 by mass ratio. When the mass of the solid fat is 9 times or less of the mass of the liquid fat, the solid mixed feed becomes flexible, so that it easily collapses when ingested by the cow, and the digestibility in the digestive organs is improved. When the mass of the solid fat is not less than one half of the mass of the liquid fat, the solid mixed feed has high hardness, so that the moldability of the solid mixed feed is improved and, for example, when the solid mixed feed is fed. Ease of handling solid mixed feed is improved. In addition, although the ratio of the solid fats and oils and fats and oils contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment is not specifically limited, For example, it contains in the range of 25 mass%-70 mass% with respect to 100 mass% of solid mixed feed. I can do it.
本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有することが出来る液体油脂としては、例えば、マグロ油、カツオ油等の動物油脂、菜種油、大豆油、綿実油、ゴマ油、落花生油、パーム油、ヤシ油、米油、ツバキ油、オリーブ油、トウモロコシ油、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド等の植物油脂、これらの分別物、エステル交換物等を挙げることができ、これらが１種または２種類以上含有されるようにすることができる。液体油脂が上述の固形油脂とともに配合されることにより、牛が自発的に固形混合飼料を摂取するようになる。また、液体油脂は、固形油脂と同様に牛のカロリー補給にも寄与することもできる。なお、本明細書において液体油脂とは常温において液体の油脂をいう。 Examples of liquid oils and fats that can be contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment include animal oils such as tuna oil and bonito oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, palm oil, and palm oil. , Rice oil, camellia oil, olive oil, corn oil, vegetable oils and fats such as medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides, fractionated products thereof, transesterified products, and the like. be able to. When liquid fats and oils are blended with the above-mentioned solid fats and oils, the cows spontaneously ingest the solid mixed feed. Moreover, liquid fats and oils can also contribute to calorie supplementation of cattle like solid fats and oils. In addition, in this specification, liquid fats and oils means the fats and oils which are liquid at normal temperature.
本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有される油溶性ビタミンとしては、例えばビタミンＡ類、ビタミンＤ類、ビタミンＥ類もしくはその前駆体、誘導体やエステル類等を挙げることができ、例えばこれらが１種または２種類以上含有されるようにすることができる。具体的に含有される油溶性ビタミンとしては、例えば、ビタミンＡ粉末、ビタミンＡ油、ビタミンＤ粉末、ビタミンＤ３油、酢酸ｄｌ−α―トコフェロール、ビタミンＥ粉末等が挙げられ、飼料の安全性の確保及び品質の改善に関する法律で規定されるビタミンＡ類、ビタミンＤ類及びビタミンＥ類を挙げることもできる。 Examples of oil-soluble vitamins contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment include vitamins A, vitamins D, vitamins E or their precursors, derivatives and esters, such as these. Can be contained in one kind or two or more kinds. Specific examples of oil-soluble vitamins include vitamin A powder, vitamin A oil, vitamin D powder, vitamin D3 oil, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, vitamin E powder, and the like. Mention may also be made of vitamins A, vitamins D and vitamins E as defined by the law on securing and improving quality.
また、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下であり、好ましくは０．５グラム以上２グラム以下である。固形混合飼料の質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下である場合、その重みから風に飛ばされたりすることがないため、牛が当該固形混合飼料をより確実に摂取することができる。さらに、固形混合飼料の質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下であると、牛が固形混合飼料を容易に口に含むことができるため、牛が自発的に摂取しやすくなる。一方、牛用の固形混合飼料の質量が０．３グラム未満である場合、風に飛ばされやすくなるため、牛の固形混合飼料の摂取の確実性が低下する。また、牛用の固形混合飼料の質量が８グラムを超える場合、咀嚼しにくくなったり、容易に口に含むことができなくなるため、牛が固形混合飼料を自発的に摂取しにくくなる。 Moreover, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment has a mass of 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less, preferably 0.5 g or more and 2 g or less. When the mass of the solid mixed feed is 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less, the weight is not blown by the wind, so that the cow can ingest the solid mixed feed more reliably. Furthermore, since the cow can easily include the solid mixed feed in the mouth when the mass of the solid mixed feed is 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less, the cow can easily ingest it spontaneously. On the other hand, when the mass of the solid mixed feed for cattle is less than 0.3 grams, it is likely to be blown away by the wind, so that the certainty of intake of the solid mixed feed for cattle is reduced. Moreover, when the mass of the solid mixed feed for cattle exceeds 8 grams, it becomes difficult to chew or cannot be easily contained in the mouth, so that it is difficult for the cow to take the solid mixed feed spontaneously.
また、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、六面体の形状を有する成形体である。固形混合飼料が六面体であると、牛が固形混合飼料を舌で絡め取りやすいため、牛が自発的に摂取しやすくなる。また、六面体としては、立方体、直方体又は四角錐台の形状が好ましい。六面体が立方体、直方体又は四角錐台の形状である場合、六面体が立方体、直方体又は四角錐台の形状でない場合と比べ、牛の口腔内から固形混合飼料が落ちにくく、牛がさらにより確実に固形混合飼料を摂取できる。また、六面体が四角錐台であると生産効率の観点から好ましい。なお、本明細書において、六面体とは、例えば立方体、直方体、双三角錐、五角錐、四角錐台などの六つの平面に囲まれた立体のほか、各面の面積等を考慮して実質的に六面体といえるものも含まれる概念であり、例えばテーパーや角・縁取り等の加工をしたものや、各平面がやや凹凸した形状も含まれる。 Moreover, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment is a molded body having a hexahedral shape. If the solid mixed feed is a hexahedron, the cow is easy to entangle the solid mixed feed with the tongue, so the cow can easily take it spontaneously. Moreover, as a hexahedron, the shape of a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, or a quadrangular pyramid is preferable. When the hexahedron is a cube, cuboid, or a truncated pyramid, the solid mixed feed is less likely to fall from the oral cavity of the cow than when the hexahedron is not a cube, cuboid, or a truncated pyramid. Can take mixed feed. Moreover, it is preferable from a viewpoint of production efficiency that the hexahedron is a quadrangular pyramid. In addition, in this specification, the hexahedron is substantially considered in consideration of the area of each surface in addition to a solid surrounded by six planes such as a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a double triangle pyramid, a pentagonal pyramid, and a quadrangular pyramid. This includes concepts that can be said to be hexahedrons, and includes, for example, those that have been processed such as taper, corners and edging, and shapes in which each plane is slightly uneven.
また、本実施形態の固形混合飼料の一辺の長さは３ｍｍ以上である。固形混合飼料の一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上とは、六面体である固形混合飼料に含まれる最小の長さの辺について、その長さが３ｍｍ以上であることをいう。牛用の固形混合飼料の一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上である場合、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ未満である場合と比べ、固形混合飼料が外部からのストレスによりその形状が崩れたり、牧草などの下に落ちたりしにくく、牛が固形混合飼料をより確実に摂取することができる。牛用の固形混合飼料の一辺の長さが３ｍｍ未満である場合、固形混合飼料の形状が崩れたり、牧草の下に落ちたりするため、牛が確実に摂取することができない。また、固形混合飼料に含まれる最大の長さの辺について、その長さは当業者が適宜設定することができるが、例えば３５ミリ以下とすることが出来る。なお、本明細書において、テーパーや角・縁取り等の加工がされた実質的に六面体といえる固形混合飼料の一辺とは、固形混合飼料の各平面を延伸することで形成される六面体の一辺をいう。 Moreover, the length of one side of the solid mixed feed of this embodiment is 3 mm or more. The length of one side of the solid mixed feed of 3 mm or more means that the length of the side of the minimum length included in the solid mixed feed that is a hexahedron is 3 mm or more. When the length of one side of a solid mixed feed for cattle is 3 mm or more, the shape of the solid mixed feed may be deformed due to external stress, The cow can ingest solid mixed feed more reliably. When the length of one side of the solid mixed feed for cattle is less than 3 mm, the shape of the solid mixed feed collapses or falls under the pasture, so that the cow cannot reliably ingest. Moreover, about the side of the maximum length contained in solid mixed feed, the length can be suitably set by those skilled in the art, and for example, it can be set to 35 mm or less. In addition, in this specification, one side of the solid mixed feed that can be said to be a substantially hexahedron with processing such as a taper, a corner, and an edge is one side of the hexahedron formed by extending each plane of the solid mixed feed. Say.
さらに、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料には、上記構成に加えて、１００質量％とする量の他の成分が含有されるようにしてもよく、乳化剤がさらに含有されるようにしてもよい。本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含有され得る乳化剤として、例えばグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル等を挙げることができる。本実施形態の固形混合飼料に乳化剤が含有される場合、油溶性ビタミンの吸収を向上させることができる。また、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、さらに、例えばプロピオン酸、プロピオン酸ナトリウム、プロピオン酸カルシウム等の防かび剤や、例えばＢＨＡ、ＢＨＴ、エトキシキン等の酸化防止剤や、例えばサッカリンナトリウム等の甘味料や、香料が含有されるようにすることができる。 Furthermore, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment may contain other components in an amount of 100% by mass in addition to the above-described configuration, and may further contain an emulsifier. Also good. As an emulsifier that can be contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment, for example, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, etc. Can be mentioned. When the solid mixed feed of the present embodiment contains an emulsifier, the absorption of oil-soluble vitamins can be improved. Moreover, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment is further, for example, an antifungal agent such as propionic acid, sodium propionate, calcium propionate, an antioxidant such as BHA, BHT, ethoxyquin, or the like, for example, saccharin sodium, etc. Sweeteners and fragrances can be included.
また、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、表面を例えば小麦粉、でんぷん、コンスターチ、片栗粉等の粉類や糖類、サッカリンナトリウム、香料等によりコーティングされるようにすることもできる。当該コーティングは、例えばこれらの物質を表面に付着させるようにしてもよいほか、水や油脂等に溶解し、続いて塗布・乾燥することにより行うこともできる。当該コーティングにより、他の栄養成分を付加したり、油脂のべたつきを防止したり、味や匂いを付加することができ、さらに固形混合飼料の酸化防止等保存性を高めることもできる。 Moreover, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment can also be made to coat the surface with flour, starch, corn starch, starch etc., sugars, saccharin sodium, a fragrance | flavor, etc., for example. The coating may be performed, for example, by adhering these substances to the surface, or by dissolving in water or oil and the like, followed by application and drying. With this coating, other nutritional components can be added, stickiness of fats and oils can be prevented, taste and odor can be added, and further, preservability such as oxidation prevention of solid mixed feed can be enhanced.
本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料に含まれる固形油脂、油溶性ビタミンおよび液体油脂などの必要に応じて配合される他成分の割合は、その合計が１００質量％となり、固形油脂と液体油脂との質量比率が１０：０〜１：３．５となる範囲で当業者が適宜設定できるが、例えば、固形混合飼料１００質量％に対し、固形油脂を５．５質量％〜７０質量％、油溶性ビタミンを０．１質量％〜４０質量％、液体油脂を０質量％〜５０質量％の範囲で含有することができる。 The ratio of the other components blended as necessary, such as solid fats and oils, oil-soluble vitamins and liquid fats and oils contained in the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment, is 100% by mass, and the solid fats and liquid fats and oils are mixed. However, for example, the solid fat may be 5.5% by mass to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid mixed feed. Oil-soluble vitamins can be contained in an amount of 0.1 mass% to 40 mass%, and liquid fats and oils can be contained in a range of 0 mass% to 50 mass%.
本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料の製造方法については特に限定されず、当業者が適宜選択することができるが、例えば以下の方法に基づき得ることができる。 The method for producing the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art. For example, the method can be obtained based on the following method.
まず、固形油脂を加熱溶解し、次に溶解した当該油脂に油溶性ビタミンを配合する。加熱方法については特に制限はなく、当業者が適宜設定することができる。なお、固形混合飼料に液体油脂を含有させる場合、固形油脂と液体油脂との質量比率が１０：０〜１：３．５の範囲内となるように、液体油脂を固形油脂に混合し、加熱溶解することができる。 First, solid fat is dissolved by heating, and then an oil-soluble vitamin is blended in the dissolved fat. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about a heating method, Those skilled in the art can set suitably. In addition, when making a solid mixed feed contain liquid fats and oils, liquid fats and oils are mixed with solid fats and oils so that the mass ratio of solid fats and fats may be in the range of 10: 0 to 1: 3.5. Can be dissolved.
次に、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、固形混合飼料の質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下となり、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体形状に形成される型を有する容器等に流し込む。 Next, a container having a mold in which the mass of solid mixed feed is 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less and the length of one side is 3 mm or more is formed by dissolving the oil and fat mixed with oil-soluble vitamins. Pour into.
次に、容器に流し込まれた油脂を冷却する。冷却方法については特に制限はなく、当業者が適宜設定することができる。 Next, the oil and fat poured into the container is cooled. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the cooling method, Those skilled in the art can set suitably.
さらに、冷却により固化した油脂を容器から取り出すことで、固形油脂又は固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で１０：０〜１：３．５の油脂と、油溶性ビタミンと、を含有し、質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下となり、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体の形状を有する牛用の固形混合飼料を得ることができる。 Furthermore, the fats and oils solidified by cooling are taken out from the container, so that the fats and oils and the fats and oils having a mass ratio of 10: 0 to 1: 3.5 and the oil-soluble vitamins are contained. A solid mixed feed for cattle having a hexahedral shape with a mass of 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less and a side length of 3 mm or more can be obtained.
上記製造方法では、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下となる一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体形状に形成される型を有する容器に流し込み、次いで冷却することで本実施形態の牛用の固形の混合飼料を成形しているが、例えば、油溶性ビタミンが配合された油脂を固化した後、切断や型抜きすることで質量が０．３グラム以上８グラム以下であり、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体形状に成形するようにしてもよい。 In the above production method, the dissolved fat and oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins is poured into a container having a mold formed in a hexahedral shape with a side length of 3 mm or more and a mass of 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less, Next, the solid mixed feed for cattle of this embodiment is formed by cooling, but, for example, after solidifying the oil and fat mixed with oil-soluble vitamins, the mass is 0.3 by cutting and die cutting. You may make it shape | mold into the hexahedron shape which is the gram or more and 8 grams or less, and the length of one side is 3 mm or more.
以上、本実施形態の牛用の固形混合飼料は、牛が自発的に摂取する組成を有し、また、その形状も牛が舌で絡め取るなどしやすい形状を有しているので、牛に油溶性ビタミンが配合された混合飼料をより確実に摂取させることができる。また、特別な装置を使用しなくとも製造可能であり、湿気や水、気温変化に対する耐性も改善されている。また、万一、強い力が加わったことによりひび割れ等が起きたとしても油溶性ビタミンや油脂等の流出はなく、牛に油溶性ビタミン等を摂取させることができる。 As described above, the solid mixed feed for cattle of the present embodiment has a composition that the cattle voluntarily ingests, and the shape of the cattle is also easy for the cattle to entangle with the tongue. A mixed feed containing oil-soluble vitamins can be more reliably ingested. Moreover, it can be manufactured without using a special apparatus, and resistance to moisture, water, and temperature changes is improved. In addition, even if cracks occur due to the application of strong force, oil-soluble vitamins and fats and oils do not flow out, and cows can be ingested with oil-soluble vitamins.
次に実施例を示して、本発明の固形混合飼料についてより詳細に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
［実施例１］
固形混合飼料１００質量％に対して、固形油脂としてのパーム分別油（ＡＳＩＡＮ ＡＧＲＩ ＡＡＡ社製ＲＢＤパームステアリン）３３．６６質量％、菜種極度硬化油（日油株式会社製ＴＰ−９）１５．００質量％をビーカーに入れ、プロペラ式攪拌機（ＨＳＩＡＮＧＴＡＩ社製）にて撹拌し、７０℃に加熱しながら３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、溶融した油脂を７０℃に保温し、油溶性ビタミンとしてのビタミンＡ油（ＤＳＭニュートリションジャパン株式会社製レチノールパルミチン酸エステル）２９．８４質量％、乳化剤としてのモノオレイン酸ジグリセリル１０．００質量％、ヘプタベヘン酸デカグリセリル１．５０質量％、レシチン０．５０質量％、ステアリン酸グリセリル４．５０質量％、１．２５質量％の塩、３．７５質量％の水を投入し、３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、一辺の長さが３３ｍｍの正双三角錐の形状の型を有する容器に８グラム流し込み、常温で１６時間冷却した。冷却により固化した油脂を型から取り出すことで、一辺の長さが３３ｍｍの正双三角錐の形状であり、質量が８グラムの固形混合飼料１を得た。
Next, although an Example is shown and it demonstrates in detail about the solid mixed feed of this invention, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these Examples.
[Example 1]
Palm mixed oil (ASBD AGRI AAA RBD palm stearin) 33.66 mass%, rapeseed extremely hardened oil (TP-9 manufactured by NOF Corporation) 15.00 based on 100% by mass of the solid mixed feed The mass% was put into a beaker, stirred with a propeller type stirrer (manufactured by HSIANGTAI), and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes while heating to 70 ° C. Next, the melted fats and oils were kept at 70 ° C., vitamin A oil as an oil-soluble vitamin (DSM Nutrition Japan Co., Ltd., 29.84% by mass), diglyceryl monooleate as an emulsifier 10.00% Mass%, decaglyceryl heptabehenate 1.50 mass%, lecithin 0.50 mass%, glyceryl stearate 4.50 mass%, 1.25 mass% salt, 3.75 mass% water was charged at 350 rpm Mix for 10 minutes. Next, 8 grams of the dissolved fat and oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins was poured into a container having a shape of a regular bilateral triangular pyramid having a side length of 33 mm and cooled at room temperature for 16 hours. By removing the oil solidified by cooling from the mold, a solid mixed feed 1 having a shape of a regular bilateral triangular pyramid with a side length of 33 mm and a mass of 8 grams was obtained.
［実施例２］
固形混合飼料１００質量％に対して、固形油脂としてのパーム硬化油（不二製油株式会社製硬化パーム油４３）２０．６５質量％、菜種極度硬化油１７．００質量％をビーカーに入れ、プロペラ式攪拌機にて撹拌し、７０℃に加熱しながら３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、溶融した油脂を７０℃に保温し、油溶性ビタミンとしてのビタミンＡ油２６．４４質量％、ビタミンＤ３油（兼松新東亜食品株式会社製ビタミンＤ３油）２．３０質量％、酢酸ｄｌ-α-トコフェロール（ＤＳＭニュートリションジャパン株式会社製トコフェロール酢酸エステル）１．１０質量％、乳化剤としてのモノオレイン酸ジグリセリル１９．００質量％、ヘプタベヘン酸デカグリセリル１．５０質量％、レシチン０．５０質量％、ステアリン酸グリセリル６．５０質量％、酸化防止剤としてのＢＨＴ０．０１質量％、５質量％の水を投入し、３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、一辺の長さが１７ｍｍの正双三角錐の形状の型を有する容器に４グラム流し込み、常温で１６時間冷却した。冷却により固化した油脂を型から取り出すことで、一辺の長さが１７ｍｍの正双三角錐の形状であり、質量が４グラムの固形混合飼料２を得た。
[Example 2]
100 mass% of the solid mixed feed, 20.65 mass% of hardened palm oil (hardened palm oil 43 manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) and 17.00 mass% of rapeseed extremely hardened oil as solid oil and fat are put in a beaker, and a propeller The mixture was stirred with a type stirrer and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes while heating to 70 ° C. Next, the melted fats and oils are kept at 70 ° C., 26.44% by mass of vitamin A oil as an oil-soluble vitamin, 2.30% by mass of vitamin D3 oil (vitamin D3 oil manufactured by Kanematsu Shintoa Foods Co., Ltd.), dl acetate -α-tocopherol (DSM Nutrition Japan Co., Ltd. Tocopherol acetate) 1.10% by mass, diglyceryl monooleate 19.00% by mass as an emulsifier, 1.50% by mass of heptabehenate decaglyceryl, 0.50% lecithin %, 6.50% by mass of glyceryl stearate, 0.01% by mass of BHT as an antioxidant and 5% by mass of water were added and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes. Next, 4 grams of the dissolved fat and oil blended with the oil-soluble vitamin was poured into a container having a shape of a regular bilateral triangular pyramid having a side length of 17 mm, and cooled at room temperature for 16 hours. By removing the oil solidified by cooling from the mold, a solid mixed feed 2 having a shape of a regular bilateral triangular pyramid with a side length of 17 mm and a mass of 4 grams was obtained.
［実施例３］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、縦２０ｍｍ、横２０ｍｍ、高さ１１ｍｍの直方体の形状の型を有する容器に４グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例２と同様の条件で、縦２０ｍｍ、横２０ｍｍ、高さ１１ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が４グラムの固形混合飼料３を得た。
[Example 3]
Except for pouring 4 grams of the dissolved oil and fat containing the oil-soluble vitamin into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 20 mm in length, 20 mm in width, and 11 mm in height, the conditions are the same as in Example 2, A solid mixed feed 3 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a width of 20 mm and a height of 11 mm and a mass of 4 grams was obtained.
［実施例４］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を一辺の長さが１３ｍｍの立方体形状の型を有する容器に２グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例２と同様の条件で、一辺の長さが１３ｍｍの立方体の形状であり、質量が２グラムの固形混合飼料４を得た。
[Example 4]
Except for pouring 2 grams of the dissolved fat and oil containing the oil-soluble vitamin into a container having a cube shape with a side length of 13 mm, the conditions are the same as in Example 2 and the cube with a side length of 13 mm. A solid mixed feed 4 having a mass of 2 grams was obtained.
［実施例５］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦１０ｍｍ、横１０ｍｍ、高さ２１ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に２グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例２と同様の条件で、縦１０ｍｍ、横１０ｍｍ、高さ２１ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が２グラムの固形混合飼料５を得た。
[Example 5]
Except for pouring 2 grams of the dissolved oil and fat containing oil-soluble vitamins into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 10 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a height of 21 mm, the same conditions as in Example 2 were applied, and the length was 10 mm and the width was 10 mm. A solid mixed feed 5 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height of 21 mm and a mass of 2 grams was obtained.
［実施例６］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を上面が縦１１ｍｍ、横１１ｍｍであり、底面が縦１５ｍｍ、横１５ｍｍであり、上面と底面とを結ぶ辺の長さが１３ｍｍの四角錐台の形状の型を有する容器に２グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例２と同様の条件で、上面が縦１１ｍｍ、横１１ｍｍであり、底面が縦１５ｍｍ、横１５ｍｍであり、上面と底面とを結ぶ辺の長さが１３ｍｍの四角錐台の形状であり、質量が２グラムの固形混合飼料６を得た。
[Example 6]
A dissolved fat and oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins has a shape of a quadrangular pyramid having a top surface of 11 mm in length and a width of 11 mm, a bottom surface of 15 mm in length and a width of 15 mm, and a side length connecting the top surface and the bottom surface of 13 mm. Except for pouring 2 grams into a container having a mold, the conditions are the same as in Example 2, the top surface is 11 mm long and 11 mm wide, the bottom surface is 15 mm long and 15 mm wide, and the length of the side connecting the top surface and the bottom surface A solid mixed feed 6 having a square pyramid shape of 13 mm and a mass of 2 grams was obtained.
［実施例７］
固形混合飼料１００質量％に対して、固形油脂としての菜種極度硬化油９．００質量％、液体油脂としての菜種白絞油（株式会社Ｊ−オイルミルズ製菜種白絞油、）２８．６５質量％をビーカーに入れ、プロペラ式攪拌機にて撹拌し、７０℃に加熱しながら３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、溶融した油脂を７０℃に保温し、油溶性ビタミンとしてのビタミンＡ油２６．４４質量％、ビタミンＤ３油２．３０質量％、酢酸ｄｌ-α-トコフェロール１．１０質量％、乳化剤としてのモノオレイン酸ジグリセリル１９．００質量％、ヘプタベヘン酸デカグリセリル１．５０質量％、レシチン０．５０質量％、ステアリン酸グリセリル６．５０質量％、酸化防止剤としてのＢＨＴ０．０１質量％、５質量％の水を投入し、３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、縦１５ｍｍ、横１５ｍｍ、高さ５ｍｍの直方体の形状の型を有する容器に１グラム流し込み、常温で１６時間冷却した。冷却により固化した油脂を型から取り出すことで、縦１５ｍｍ、横１５ｍｍ、高さ５ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が１グラムの固形混合飼料７を得た。
[Example 7]
Relative rapeseed extremely hardened oil 9.00% by mass as solid fat and oil, rapeseed white squeezed oil as liquid oil (28-65% by rapeseed white squeezed oil, manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.) with respect to 100% by mass of the solid mixed feed % Was put in a beaker, stirred with a propeller type stirrer, and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes while heating to 70 ° C. Next, the melted fat / oil is kept at 70 ° C., 26.44% by mass of vitamin A oil as an oil-soluble vitamin, 2.30% by mass of vitamin D3 oil, 1.10% by mass of dl-α-tocopherol acetate, as an emulsifier Of diglyceryl monooleate 19.00% by mass, decaglyceryl heptabehenate 1.50% by mass, lecithin 0.50% by mass, glyceryl stearate 6.50% by mass, BHT 0.01% by mass as an antioxidant, 5% Mass% water was added and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes. Next, 1 gram of the dissolved fat and oil containing the oil-soluble vitamin was poured into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 15 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a height of 5 mm, and cooled at room temperature for 16 hours. By removing the oil solidified by cooling from the mold, a solid mixed feed 7 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 15 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a height of 5 mm was obtained.
［実施例８］
固形混合飼料１００質量％に対して、固形油脂としてのパーム硬化油１５．６５質量％、菜種極度硬化油１７．００質量％、液体油脂としての菜種白絞油５．００質量％をビーカーに入れ、薬匙で撹拌した以外の条件は実施例７と同様の条件で、縦１５ｍｍ、横１５ｍｍ、高さ５ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が１グラムの固形混合飼料８を得た。
[Example 8]
In a beaker, 15.65% by mass of hardened palm oil as solid fat and oil, 17.00% by weight of hardened rapeseed oil, and 5.00% by weight of rapeseed white squeezed oil as liquid fat with respect to 100% by weight of solid mixed feed The conditions other than stirring with the shell are the same conditions as in Example 7, and a solid mixed feed 8 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 15 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a height of 5 mm was obtained.
［実施例９］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦７ｍｍ、横７ｍｍ、高さ１１ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に０．５グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例８と同様の条件で、縦７ｍｍ、横７ｍｍ、高さ１１ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が０．５グラムの固形混合飼料９を得た。
[Example 9]
Except for pouring 0.5 grams of the dissolved fat and oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 7 mm in length, 7 mm in width, and 11 mm in height, the conditions are the same as in Example 8, A solid mixed feed 9 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a width of 7 mm and a height of 11 mm and a mass of 0.5 gram was obtained.
［実施例１０］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦６ｍｍ、横６ｍｍ、高さ９ｍｍの直方体の形状の型を有する容器に０．３グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例８と同様の条件で、縦６ｍｍ、横６ｍｍ、高さ９ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が０．３グラムの固形混合飼料１０を得た。
[Example 10]
Except for pouring 0.3 grams of the dissolved oil and fat containing oil-soluble vitamins into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 6 mm in length, 6 mm in width, and 9 mm in height, the conditions are the same as in Example 8 and 6 mm in length. A solid mixed feed 10 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape of 6 mm in width and 9 mm in height and having a mass of 0.3 gram was obtained.
［比較例１］
実施例１の条件により得られた固形混合飼料１を縦６ｍｍ、横６ｍｍ、高さ３ｍｍの直方体の形状に切断を試みたが、小さすぎて切断することが容易でなかったため、０．１グラムの固形混合飼料１１を得ることはできなかった。
[Comparative Example 1]
The solid mixed feed 1 obtained under the conditions of Example 1 was cut into a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 6 mm, a width of 6 mm, and a height of 3 mm, but 0.1 g because it was too small to be cut easily. The solid mixed feed 11 could not be obtained.
［比較例２］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦２５ｍｍ、横３５ｍｍ、高さ６０ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に５０グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例１と同様の条件で、縦２５ｍｍ、横３５ｍｍ、高さ６０ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が５０グラムの固形混合飼料１２を得た。
[Comparative Example 2]
Except for pouring 50 grams of the dissolved oil and fat containing the oil-soluble vitamin into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 25 mm, a width of 35 mm, and a height of 60 mm, the conditions are the same as those in Example 1, and the length is 25 mm and the width is 35 mm. The solid mixed feed 12 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height of 60 mm and a mass of 50 grams was obtained.
［比較例３］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦３５ｍｍ、横２０ｍｍ、高さ４５ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に３０グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例１と同様の条件で、縦３５ｍｍ、横２０ｍｍ、高さ４５ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が３０グラムの固形混合飼料１３を得た。
[Comparative Example 3]
The same conditions as in Example 1 except that 30 grams of the dissolved fat / oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins was poured into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 35 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a height of 45 mm. A solid mixed feed 13 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height of 45 mm and a mass of 30 grams was obtained.
［比較例４］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を縦１ｍｍ、横１０ｍｍ、高さ２１０ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に２グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例１と同様の条件で、縦１ｍｍ、横１０ｍｍ、高さ２１０ｍｍの直方体の形状であり、質量が２グラムの固形混合飼料１４を得た。
[Comparative Example 4]
Except for pouring 2 grams of the dissolved oil and fat containing the oil-soluble vitamin into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 1 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a height of 210 mm, the same conditions as in Example 1 were obtained, and the length was 1 mm and the width was 10 mm. The solid mixed feed 14 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height of 210 mm and a mass of 2 grams was obtained.
［比較例５］
油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を半径１６ｍｍの半球の形状の型を有する容器に８グラム流し込む以外の条件は実施例１と同様の条件で、半径１６ｍｍの半球の形状であり、質量が８グラムの固形混合飼料１５を得た。
[Comparative Example 5]
The conditions other than pouring 8 grams of the dissolved fat / oil mixed with oil-soluble vitamins into a container having a 16 mm radius hemispherical mold are the same as in Example 1, the shape is a hemisphere having a radius of 16 mm, and the mass is 8 grams of solid mixed feed 15 was obtained.
［比較例６］
固形混合飼料１００質量％に対して、固形油脂としてのパーム分別油５．００質量％、液体油脂としての菜種白絞油４３．６６質量％をビーカーに入れ、プロペラ式攪拌機にて撹拌し、７０℃に加熱しながら３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、溶融した油脂を７０℃に保温し、油溶性ビタミンとしてのビタミンＡ油２９．８４質量％、乳化剤としてのモノオレイン酸ジグリセリル１０．００質量％、ヘプタベヘン酸デカグリセリル１．５０質量％、レシチン０．５０質量％、ステアリン酸グリセリル４．５０質量％、１．２５質量％の塩、３．７５質量％の水を投入し、３５０ｒｐｍで１０分間混合した。次に、油溶性ビタミンが配合された溶解した油脂を、縦３５ｍｍ、横２０ｍｍ、高さ４５ｍｍの直方体形状の型を有する容器に３０グラム流し込み、常温で１６時間冷却したが、冷却により固化せず形状を保持できなかったため、固形混合飼料１６を得ることはできなかった。
[Comparative Example 6]
1.00% by mass of palm fractionated oil as solid oil and fat, 43.66% by mass of rapeseed white squeezed oil as liquid oil / fat in a beaker with respect to 100% by mass of solid mixed feed, and agitated with a propeller-type agitator, 70 The mixture was mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes while being heated to ° C. Next, the melted fat / oil is kept at 70 ° C., 29.84% by mass of vitamin A oil as an oil-soluble vitamin, 10.00% by mass of diglyceryl monooleate as an emulsifier, 1.50% by mass of decaglyceryl heptabehenate Then, 0.50% by mass of lecithin, 4.50% by mass of glyceryl stearate, 1.25% by mass of salt and 3.75% by mass of water were added and mixed at 350 rpm for 10 minutes. Next, 30 grams of the dissolved fat and oil blended with oil-soluble vitamins was poured into a container having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 35 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a height of 45 mm, and cooled at room temperature for 16 hours, but did not solidify by cooling. Since the shape could not be maintained, the solid mixed feed 16 could not be obtained.
試験１
固形混合飼料１〜１６の形状や大きさが実際の製造現場に適しているかを以下の２段階の評価基準に従って評価した。
＜評価基準＞
○：型等を使用して容易に製造可能。
×：作業が煩雑で量産に向かない。
Test 1
Whether the shapes and sizes of the solid mixed feeds 1 to 16 are suitable for actual production sites was evaluated according to the following two-stage evaluation criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
○: Can be easily manufactured using a mold or the like.
×: Work is complicated and not suitable for mass production.
試験２
固形混合飼料１〜１６について、「指でつぶせるか」について官能試験を行った。本試験は、２５℃（常温）において、台に置かれた固形混合飼料１〜１６を上方から親指で圧迫し、その際に感じられた固さを知覚する試験であり、以下の４段階の評価基準に従って評価した。本試験では◎、○、△、×の順に評価が優れるとし、△以上のものが実使用上問題なく使用できるレベルである。なお、本試験は固形混合飼料の消化器官での消化性、固形混合飼料の成形性及び取扱い易さについて評価するものである。「指に軽く力を入れて潰せる」固形混合飼料は、成形性、取扱い易さ及び消化性に優れる。また、「指にほとんど力を入れることなく潰せる」固形混合飼料は、指に軽く力を入れることで潰せる固形混合飼料と比較し、消化性に優れるが、成形性及び取扱い易さに劣る。「指に力を入れることで潰せる」固形混合飼料は、指に軽く力を入れることで潰せる固形混合飼料と比較し、成形性、取扱い易さが同等であるが、消化性に劣る。
＜評価基準＞
◎ ：指に軽く力を入れることで潰せる。
○ ：指にほとんど力を入れることなく潰せる。
△ ：指に力を入れることで潰せる。
× ：形状を保持できない。
Test 2
About the solid mixed feed 1-16, the sensory test was done about "it can be crushed with a finger". This test is a test in which the solid mixed feed 1 to 16 placed on a table is pressed with a thumb from above at 25 ° C. (normal temperature) and the hardness felt at that time is perceived. Evaluation was performed according to the evaluation criteria. In this test, the evaluation is excellent in the order of ◎, ○, Δ, ×, and those above Δ are levels that can be used without problems in actual use. This test evaluates the digestibility of the solid mixed feed in the digestive tract, the moldability of the solid mixed feed and the ease of handling. A solid mixed feed that can be crushed with light pressure on the fingers is excellent in moldability, ease of handling, and digestibility. In addition, the solid mixed feed that can be crushed with little force applied to the finger is superior in digestibility to the solid mixed feed that can be crushed by applying light force to the finger, but is inferior in moldability and handling. The solid mixed feed that can be crushed by applying force to the finger is comparable in formability and ease of handling to the solid mixed feed that can be crushed by applying light force to the finger, but is less digestible.
<Evaluation criteria>
◎: Can be crushed by applying light force on the finger.
○: The finger can be crushed with almost no force.
Δ: Can be crushed by applying force to the finger.
X: The shape cannot be maintained.
試験３
５００グラムの配合飼料又は５００グラムのＴＭＲに、５０グラムの固形混合飼料１〜１６をそれぞれ混合し、得られた混合物をそれぞれホルスタイン種６頭（計９６頭）に給与し、摂取した牛の割合を以下の４段階の評価基準に従って評価した。
＜評価基準＞
Ｓ：７割以上の牛が摂取。
Ａ：６割以上７割未満の牛が摂取。
Ｂ：５割以上６割未満の牛が摂取。
Ｃ：５割未満の牛が摂取。
Test 3
The proportion of cattle consumed by mixing 500 grams of mixed feed or 500 grams of TMR with 50 grams of solid mixed feed 1-16 and feeding the resulting mixture to 6 Holsteins (96 in total). Was evaluated according to the following four-level evaluation criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
S: Ingested by over 70% of cows.
A: 60 to 70% of cows are ingested.
B: 50% to less than 60% of cows are ingested.
C: Less than 50% of cows are ingested.
試験１〜試験３の結果を表１に示す。
［表１］
[Table 1]
表１に示す通り、実施例は、比較例と比較し、牛による摂取割合を増加させることができる。また、固形混合飼料の六面体が立方体、直方体又は四角錐台である実施例３−１０は六面体が立方体、直方体又は四角錐台でない実施例１及び２と比較し、固形混合飼料を自発的に摂取する牛の割合を１割以上増加させることができる。また、試験２から理解できる通り、固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で９：１〜１：２である実施例８−１０は、当該範囲外である実施例１−７と比較し、成形性及び取扱い易さに優れるとともに、牛が摂取した際に崩壊しやすいため消化器官での消化性に優れる。さらに、固形混合飼料が０．５グラム以上２グラム以下である実施例４−９は、固形混合飼料の重さが当該範囲外である実施例１−３、１０と比較し、固形混合飼料を自発的に摂取する牛の割合を１割以上増加させることができる。なお、試験３において、固形混合飼料１４は配合飼料又はＴＭＲと混合することで折れてしまったため、評価を行うことができなかった。
As shown in Table 1, the example can increase the intake ratio by the cow compared with the comparative example. In addition, Example 3-10 in which the hexahedron of the solid mixed feed is a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped or a quadrangular pyramid is voluntarily ingested with the solid mixed feed as compared with Examples 1 and 2 in which the hexahedron is not a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped or a quadrangular pyramid. You can increase the percentage of cows to do more than 10%. Moreover, as can be understood from Test 2, Example 8-10 in which the ratio of the solid fat to the liquid fat is 9: 1 to 1: 2 by mass ratio is compared with Example 1-7 which is outside the range. In addition to being excellent in moldability and ease of handling, it is excellent in digestibility in the digestive tract because it is easily disintegrated when ingested by cattle. Furthermore, Example 4-9 whose solid mixed feed is 0.5 g or more and 2 g or less is compared with Examples 1-3 and 10 where the weight of the solid mixed feed is outside the range. The proportion of cattle that are voluntarily ingested can be increased by 10% or more. In Test 3, since the solid mixed feed 14 was broken by mixing with the mixed feed or TMR, the evaluation could not be performed.
Claims (3)
固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で９：１〜１：２の油脂と、
前記油脂に含まれる油溶性ビタミンと、を含有し、
前記固形混合飼料は、前記油溶性ビタミンを含む前記油脂が、一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体の形状で固化した物であることを特徴とする牛用の固形混合飼料。 A solid mixed feed for cattle having a mass of 0.3 g or more and 8 g or less ,
The ratio of solid fat to liquid fat is 9: 1 to 1: 2 by weight,
Containing oil-soluble vitamins contained in the fats and oils ,
The solid mixed feed for cattle characterized in that the fat and oil containing the oil-soluble vitamin is solidified in the shape of a hexahedron having a side length of 3 mm or more.
固形油脂と液体油脂との比率が質量比で９：１〜１：２の油脂を溶融し、The ratio of solid fat and liquid fat is from 9: 1 to 1: 2 by weight,
溶融した前記油脂に油溶性ビタミンを配合し、Blend oil-soluble vitamins in the melted fats and oils,
前記油溶性ビタミンが配合された前記油脂を一辺の長さが３ｍｍ以上の六面体の形状で固化することを含む牛用の固形混合飼料の製造方法。The manufacturing method of the solid mixed feed for cattle including solidifying the said fats and oils with which the said oil-soluble vitamin was mix | blended in the shape of the hexahedron whose side length is 3 mm or more.
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| JP2014164734A Expired - Fee Related JP6113122B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2014-08-13 | Solid mixed feed for cattle |
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| KR101989979B1 (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-06-27 | 주식회사 모닝바이오 | Coated fatty oil for feed additive composition, coating method of the fatty oil and feed containing thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4945224B1 (en) * | 1970-12-14 | 1974-12-03 | ||
| JPS58175449A (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1983-10-14 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Feed additive composition for ruminant |
| JPH0720422B2 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1995-03-08 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Feed additives for ruminants containing vitamins |
| JPH03280841A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-12-11 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Feed additive for ruminant |
| JPH0787900A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-04 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Feed additive composition for ruminant |
| JPH1014500A (en) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-20 | Nof Corp | Production of feed composition |
| ES2749386T3 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2020-03-20 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Composition for feed, and I think it includes the same |
| DK2755498T3 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2018-05-22 | Friulchem Spa | COMPOSITION FOR ORAL ADMINISTRATION FOR ANIMALS AND PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING |
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