JP6106654B2 - Gas flow measuring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas flow rate measuring apparatus, and more particularly, to an intake air flow rate measurement of an engine.

  In an automobile engine, it is necessary to measure the intake air flow rate in order to control the fuel injection amount. One type of device for measuring the intake air flow rate is a heating resistor type gas flow rate measurement device. It is desirable that the output signal of the heating resistor type gas flow measuring device has a small change in the output signal even when the temperature changes, that is, a temperature-dependent error is small.

  In order to reduce this temperature-dependent error, it is necessary to correct the temperature-dependent error of the gas flow rate detection signal from the gas temperature and substrate temperature detection signal.

  In order to improve the necessary minimum resolution, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-071889 in which the resolution is locally improved with a correction table having unequal intervals. Generally, a heating resistor type gas flow rate measuring device has table data on air flow rate-output characteristics, and divides this table data area and changes the output characteristic correction formula for each air flow area to change the air flow rate. The table data area is divided by dividing the low air flow rate range more finely than the high flow rate range. Thereby, the low flow rate accuracy can be improved without extremely increasing the number of data in the table.

JP 2007-071889 A

  In general, in digital correction, it is necessary to improve the resolution of the table in order to reduce the correction error and increase the accuracy in the entire flow rate range, but the number of searches increases as the number of data in the table increases, so that Processing will be slow.

  In Patent Document 1, in the correction of the gas flow rate signal and the correction of the gas temperature dependency, the correction is performed using a table instead of the interpolation by the function, thereby correcting the nonlinearity of the gas flow rate signal and the gas temperature dependency. Can do. However, when performing correction using a table, the correction accuracy is determined according to the number of data. Therefore, the higher the number of data, the higher the accuracy of correction. However, the smaller the number of data, the larger the correction error. .

  For this reason, it is conceivable to increase the number of data in the table in order to improve accuracy, but the cost increases because the arithmetic circuit becomes large. Further, as a method of improving the accuracy without increasing the number of data in the table, it is conceivable to improve the resolution locally by making the data interval of the table unequal. However, if an unequally spaced table is used, the calculation load may increase and the calculation process may be delayed.

  Furthermore, in order to improve the resolution locally in addition to the low flow rate, it is necessary to determine the data interval of the table in advance.

  An object of the present invention is to improve correction accuracy when correcting a flow rate signal.

In order to achieve the above object, the gas flow rate detection device of the present invention is a gas flow rate measurement device having signal conversion means for correcting the characteristics of a gas flow rate detection signal, wherein the signal conversion means is a characteristic of the gas flow rate detection signal. The number of divisions of the curved region is increased from the number of divisions of the region that is not the characteristic curved region, and signal conversion means is performed. The division number n of the characteristic curved region is defined as n between the minimum and maximum values of the characteristic curved region. When divided, the sum obtained by adding the difference ΔY and the gradient of Q between the target output for the gas flow rate Q and the gas flow rate detection signal in each divided section is divided by n to be equal to or less than a predetermined value. It is set so that it may become .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the correction accuracy when correcting the flow signal.

The attachment figure to the body of an air flow measuring device. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1. The circuit diagram of the air flow measuring device of a 1st embodiment. Characteristics of air flow detection signal. FIG. 5 is a conversion diagram of a detection signal in the first embodiment. The coordinate conversion figure of a flow signal. The characteristic curve of the air flow rate detection signal in the first embodiment. The figure of flow signal characteristic conversion. The flowchart of the correction | amendment using a table. The attachment figure to the body of the air flow measuring device of a detour subway shape. The attachment figure to the body of the air flow measuring device of U-shaped sub channel shape. Fig. 3 is a view of mounting an air flow measuring device having an α-type auxiliary passage shape on the body. FIG. 10 is a conversion diagram of a detection signal in the second embodiment. The conversion diagram of the detection signal in 3rd Embodiment. The coordinate transformation combination figure in a 3rd embodiment.

Embodiments of an air flow measuring device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the air flow rate measuring device will be described.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, an air flow rate measuring device 2 provided with an intake air temperature detecting element 1 is inserted into a gas flow path body 3.

  In FIG. 2, an air flow rate measuring device 2 is configured to be attached to a gas passage body 3 that forms an intake passage of an internal combustion engine and exposed to a gas 8 that flows through a main passage 6. Therefore, a gas temperature detecting element (also called a thermistor or a gas temperature measuring resistor) 1 is provided on the upstream side of the air flow measuring device 2 so as to be directly exposed to the intake fluid. Further, the gas flow rate detecting element 4 is attached on the substrate 5, and only the portion where the gas flow rate detecting element 4 is attached is installed in the sub-passage 7. The substrate 5 is also provided with a gas temperature detection circuit 22 and is isolated from the auxiliary passage 7.

In FIG. 3, the gas temperature detected by the gas temperature detection element 1 is converted into a voltage signal by the gas temperature detection circuit 22 on the substrate 5 and input to the analog-digital converter AD <b> 314. The integrated circuit 21 is provided with a temperature sensor 12 in the integrated circuit for detecting a substrate temperature for detecting a temperature corresponding to the substrate 5. Thereby, each temperature of gas temperature and the air flow measuring device 2 is detectable.
The gas temperature detection circuit 22 is configured by connecting the gas temperature detection element 1 and the fixed resistor 9 arranged in the intake passage in series, and a constant voltage output from the regulator 23 is supplied to the gas temperature detection circuit 22. The

  In performing the correction, the digital value obtained by converting the gas flow rate detection signal Ta from the gas flow rate detection element 4 by the analog-digital converter AD111, and the substrate temperature signal from the temperature sensor 12 in the integrated circuit are converted from analog to digital. The digital value converted by the device AD2 13, the digital value converted from the gas temperature signal Ta from the gas temperature detecting element 1 by the analog-digital converter AD3 14, and the digital signal are corrected by a table. A table is a table in which correction constants for standardized gas flow rate signals and gas temperature signals are arranged in a grid, and a method for calculating correction values according to the flow rate signal and the temperature signal using this table. This is called table correction. The intersection of the normalized flow rate signal and temperature signal is called a grid point, and a correction constant is given. Correction constants used for table correction are corrected and calculated by the digital signal processing DSP 10 based on constants stored in the PROM 15 in advance. The digital values of the gas flow rate signal and the gas temperature signal corrected in this way are converted into analog signals using the digital-analog converter DA1 16 and the digital-analog converter DA2 18, and are output as voltage signals. On the other hand, when the digital value of the gas flow rate signal is converted into an analog signal using the free running counter FRC117, it is output as a frequency signal. Similarly, when the digital value of the gas temperature signal is converted into an analog signal using the free running counter FRC2 19, it is output as a frequency signal. The selection of the digital-analog converter DA1 16 and the free-running counter FRC1 17 can be selected by the setting of the multiplexer MUX1 24. The selection of the digital-analog converter DA2 18 and the free-running counter FRC2 19 can be selected by the setting of the multiplexer MUX2 25 it can. The entire circuit is driven by the oscillator 20. Further, the air flow rate measuring device is electrically connected to the ECU 26.

  FIG. 4 shows the gas flow rate detection signal and the target output. The fluid includes laminar flow and turbulent flow, and there is a point where the laminar flow transitions to turbulent flow. Due to this influence, a characteristic curve occurs in the gas flow rate detection signal. This characteristic curve differs depending on the structure of the air flow rate measuring device, particularly the structure in the vicinity of the gas flow rate detecting element 4 and the location where the characteristic curve occurs. Here, the characteristic curve refers to a curve that deviates more than a certain amount from the target characteristic shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows a method for correcting characteristic bending. When performing correction using a gas flow rate signal, a substrate temperature signal, and a signal obtained by converting the gas temperature signal into a digital value, a switch that can select whether to use the substrate temperature signal Tl or the gas temperature signal Ta is used for the temperature signal. This switch can be switched by a constant in the PROM 15. The gas flow rate detection signal Q is converted to Q1 by the first coordinate conversion table, and the gas temperature detection signal Ta is converted to T1 by the second coordinate conversion table. At this time, the first coordinate conversion table is a table for characteristic conversion of the gas flow rate signal Q and is a table having 17 lattice points. On the other hand, the second coordinate conversion table is a table for converting the characteristics of the gas temperature signal Tl and having five lattice points. Since the characteristics of the gas flow rate signal and the gas temperature signal are different, a coordinate conversion table having a different coordinate conversion table is used. In this way, the original characteristic is subjected to coordinate conversion, and the characteristic-converted signals Q1 and T1 are used, so that the correction in Q1 and T1 is more correct in the correction table than in the correction table using Q and Ta. The resolution near the bend is improved. The output Q2 corrected by the correction table is output in addition to the original gas flow rate detection signal Q. By correcting the gas flow rate signal and the gas temperature dependent error by the correction table using these Q1 and T1 as input signals, the resolution near the characteristic curve of the temperature and flow rate can be improved and corrected with high accuracy. FIG. 6 shows the characteristics before and after coordinate conversion. By converting the characteristic curve portion by coordinate conversion, the number of lattices assigned to the characteristic curve portion is increased, and the resolution is improved.

  On the other hand, in order to correct a local characteristic curve portion with high accuracy, it is necessary to improve the resolution of the characteristic curve portion by using the first and second coordinate conversion tables. Therefore, a method of determining the local characteristic curve magnitude and determining the resolution near the characteristic curve according to the magnitude of the curve will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the gas flow rate signal Q on the horizontal axis and the difference ΔY between the target output and the gas flow rate detection signal detected by the gas flow rate detection element 4 on the vertical axis. However, this graph shows the difference when the gas flow rate detection signal is zero-span adjusted at two points of high flow rate and low flow rate with respect to the target output. Here, the value of equation (1) is used to determine the characteristic curve.

  S is a value indicating the magnitude of the characteristic curve, and the magnitude of the characteristic curve is determined based on this value, and it is determined where the characteristic curve exists in the range of ab. Thus, by specifying the location and size, it is possible to determine the number of divisions in the vicinity of the characteristic curve portion using the first and second coordinate conversion tables. As shown in FIG. 8, when a and b where S is 0.055 or more are a = 60 kg / h and b = 220 kg / h, respectively, the lattice resolution between 60 kg / h and 220 kg / h is doubled. Characteristic conversion is performed using the coordinate conversion table. When S is 0.055, the flow rate error corresponds to about 2%. a and b are determined so as to cover the characteristic curve. This is because S cannot be calculated correctly when only half of the characteristic curve is between a and b. Therefore, the interval between a and b is determined by the size of the characteristic curve. When the characteristic curve is large, the distance between a and b is large. When the characteristic curve is small, the distance between a and b is small.

  Further, when a table is used in the first and second coordinate conversions, the table shown in FIG. 9 is used. The conversion amount Y is determined from S representing the magnitude of the characteristic curve, and the table representing the relationship between the input X and the conversion amount Y is a plurality of data (input is n from x1 to xn, and the conversion amount is n from y1 to yn. ). The converted output ΔY is calculated by adding the conversion amount Y calculated by the table to the input X. However, if the number n of data in the table is large, the correction accuracy is improved, but the data capacity written in the PROM 15 is increased and the cost is increased. Conversely, if the number of data n is small, the amount of data written into the PROM 15 is small, so that an increase in cost can be prevented, but the correction accuracy decreases. For this reason, the number of data n used in the table needs to be set to an optimum number of data based on the magnitude and number of characteristic curves of the gas flow rate detection signal. By using this table, it is possible to reduce the amount of calculation processing compared to the correction method using a function.

  As described above, in this embodiment, by converting the characteristics of the flow rate signal, local bending is corrected with high accuracy without increasing the number of data in the table and without making the intervals unequal. Therefore, the accuracy of flow rate measurement can be improved.

  Further, in this embodiment, not only the shape parallel to the main passage 6 as in the sub-passage 7 shown in FIG. 2, but also the spiral shape like the sub-passage 7 shown in FIG. The gas can also be adapted to a structure in which the gas passes through the gas flow rate detecting element 4 along the sub passage 7 and exits from the sub passage outlet 29. Further, in addition to the spiral shape, it is also possible to carry out with a sub-passage such as a U-shape as shown in FIG. 11 or an α-shape as shown in FIG.

  In addition, although the Example of the air flow rate measuring apparatus demonstrated the case where air was measured, this invention is applicable also when detecting the flow volume of gases other than air.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, instead of using the gas temperature signal of the first embodiment, a substrate temperature signal is used. The temperature dependent error is corrected using the gas temperature signal Ta. However, the gas temperature detecting element 1 is provided on the upstream side of the air flow rate measuring device 2 so as to be directly exposed to the intake fluid in order to detect the gas temperature. When the gas temperature detecting element 1 is disconnected, the gas temperature cannot be detected, and thus the gas temperature dependent error correction cannot be performed. Therefore, the integrated circuit 21 is provided with a temperature sensor 12 in the integrated circuit for detecting the substrate temperature for detecting the temperature corresponding to the substrate 5, and temperature dependent error correction is performed based on the temperature signal Tl. I do. Whether the temperature signal used for correcting the temperature-dependent error is the temperature signal Ta from the gas temperature detecting element 1 or the temperature signal Tl from the temperature sensor in the integrated circuit for detecting the substrate temperature is used as the PROM 15 Can be switched according to information set in advance. Thus, by using the temperature signal Tl from the temperature sensor in the integrated circuit, there is no terminal supporting the gas temperature detecting element, and there is no disconnection. Further, since the temperature sensor in the integrated circuit is not directly exposed to the intake fluid, it is not polluted like the gas temperature detecting element. Therefore, since it is not affected by the change of the resistance value due to the contamination, the endurance change of the temperature characteristic can be reduced and the accuracy is improved.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. For the first and second embodiments, coordinate conversion is not a table but an Nth order function. The gas flow rate detection signal Q is converted to Q1 by the first coordinate conversion. This coordinate conversion is performed by an Nth order function. Further, the gas temperature signal T is converted to T1 by the second coordinate conversion. This coordinate conversion is also performed using an Nth order function. As shown in FIG. 15, there are several combinations of table and N-order function conversions in the first coordinate conversion and the second coordinate conversion. Table conversion for both the first coordinate conversion and the second coordinate conversion. The first coordinate transformation is a table, and the second coordinate transformation is an N-order function transformation. The first coordinate transformation is an Nth order function and the second coordinate transformation is a table transformation. Both the first coordinate conversion and the second coordinate conversion can be corrected by conversion using an N-order function. Although the correction table can also be corrected by an N-order function, it is difficult for the correction table to cope with the characteristic curve of the gas flow rate detection signal by the function, and the resolution of the characteristic curve portion is reduced by the table. On the other hand, the first and second coordinate transformations are transformations for reducing the nonlinearity of the gas flow rate signal and the gas temperature signal, respectively, and are transformations for improving the resolution of the characteristic curve portion in the correction table. , N-order function can be used. When the first coordinate transformation is a table and the second coordinate transformation is an N-order function, the accuracy can be improved as in the first embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas temperature detection element 2 Air flow measuring device 3 Body 4 Gas flow detection element 5 Board | substrate 6 Main passage 7 Sub passage 8 Air flow 9 Fixed resistance 10 Digital signal processing DSP
11 Analog-to-digital converter AD1
12 Temperature sensor in integrated circuit 13 Analog-to-digital converter AD2
14 Analog-to-digital converter AD3
15 PROM
16 Digital-analog converter DA1
17 Free running counter FRC1
18 Digital-analog converter DA2
19 Free running counter FRC2
20 Oscillator 21 Integrated Circuit 22 Gas Temperature Detection Circuit 23 Regulator 24 Multiplexer MUX1
25 Multiplexer MUX2
26 Engine control unit ECU
27 Auxiliary passage entrance 28 Auxiliary passage exit

Claims (8)

In the gas flow rate measuring device having signal conversion means for correcting the characteristics of the gas flow rate detection signal,
The signal conversion means performs the signal conversion means by increasing the number of divisions of the characteristic curve region of the gas flow rate detection signal more than the number of divisions of the region that is not the characteristic curve region,
The division number n of the characteristic curve region is the difference between the target output for the gas flow rate Q and the gas flow rate detection signal in each divided section when the interval between the minimum value and the maximum value of the characteristic curve region is divided by n. A gas flow rate measuring apparatus, characterized in that a value obtained by dividing the sum of the slopes of ΔY and Q by n is set to a predetermined value or less . In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 1,
Wherein the predetermined value, the gas flow measuring device, characterized in that 0.055. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The signal converting means includes
A first coordinate conversion table for alleviating nonlinearity of the gas flow rate detection signal;
A second coordinate conversion table for reducing nonlinearity of the temperature detection signal;
A gas flow measuring device having a correction table for performing correction based on the coordinate-converted signal. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 3 ,
The gas flow rate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first and second coordinate conversion tables are an equal interval table having an arbitrary number of divisions. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 2 ,
The gas flow rate measuring device includes an integrated circuit that converts an output signal from a gas flow rate detection circuit and an output signal from a gas temperature detection element into a digital signal, converts an output signal obtained by correcting each signal into an analog signal, and outputs the analog signal. A gas flow rate measuring device characterized by that. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 3 ,
The gas flow rate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas temperature detection signal used for the correction table is a gas temperature signal from a gas temperature detection element. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 3 ,
The gas flow rate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas temperature detection signal used in the correction table is a temperature signal from a substrate temperature sensor provided in the integrated circuit. In the gas flow measuring device according to claim 3 ,
The gas temperature detection signal converted into a digital signal, the substrate temperature detection signal from the substrate temperature sensor provided in the integrated circuit, and the gas flow rate detection signal from the gas flow rate detection circuit are input, and the input digital signal A gas flow rate measuring device which performs correction calculation processing based on the above.