JP6095550B2 - Switchgear and power control system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a switchgear used in a power control system including a high-voltage system, a low-voltage system, and a customer connected to the low-voltage system, and the power control system.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection and the like, the spread of distributed power sources such as solar cells and fuel cells, which have little influence on the environment, is expanding. These distributed power sources are generally connected to a power distribution system of an electric power company. The power distribution system is composed of a high voltage system (3300V to 6600V) and a low voltage system (100V to 200V), and general consumers are connected to the low voltage system. With the spread and expansion of such distributed power sources, the use of storage batteries is also being considered from the viewpoint of stabilizing the power system and balancing power supply and demand. Here, the following techniques are disclosed as techniques using a distributed power source possessed by a consumer.

  For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-125290 (Patent Document 1) discloses a self-sustaining operation method for a low-voltage system. The self-sustained operation method supplies power to a plurality of consumers including a customer having a master distributed power source and a customer having a slave distributed power source, and a low-voltage system in which the distributed power source is grid-connected. Isolate from the high-voltage system when the upper-voltage system is abnormal. The self-sustained operation method maintains the voltage of the low-voltage system with a master distributed power source, calculates the excess or deficiency of power for each customer, and supplies the surplus power of the surplus customer to the deficient customer To do.

JP 2008-125290 A

  According to Patent Document 1, it is shown that a low-voltage system management device having a communication function transmits and receives signals to and from a low-voltage switch and a customer management device to operate and monitor them. In the technique of Patent Document 1, a low-voltage system management device is required for each low-voltage system. Here, since the low-voltage system is a consumer of about 10 units, it is difficult to control the low-voltage switch and the like by providing the management device as described above for each low-voltage system. Accordingly, connection control between the high voltage system and the low voltage system, connection control between the low voltage system and the customer, and the like are required to be performed as autonomously as possible.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a switchgear that can more autonomously control the connection between the grid and the customer, and power control. Is to provide a system.

  According to an embodiment, a switchgear used for a power control system including a high voltage system, a low voltage system connected to the high voltage system via a transformer, and a customer connected to the low voltage system is provided. The switchgear includes a first switch connected between the transformer and the low-voltage system, and a first switch based on the primary power supply amount corresponding to the transformer in the first switch. A first controller for controlling the switching operation of the switch, a second switch connected between the low-voltage system and the customer, a power supply amount on the primary side of the second switch, and a second switch And a second controller for controlling the opening / closing operation of the second switch based on the power supply amount on the secondary side corresponding to the consumer side.

  The power control system according to another embodiment includes a high voltage system, a low voltage system connected to the high voltage system via a transformer, and a plurality of consumers connected to the low voltage system. At least one of the plurality of consumers has a distributed power source that is grid-connected to the low-voltage system. The power control system includes: a first switch connected between the transformer and the low-voltage system; and a first switch based on a primary power supply amount corresponding to the transformer side in the first switch. A first controller that controls the opening / closing operation of the switch; a second switch that is provided for each consumer and connected between the low-voltage system and the consumer; a second switch that is provided for each consumer; A second switch for controlling the switching operation of the second switch based on the power supply amount on the primary side of the switch and the power supply amount on the secondary side corresponding to the customer side in the second switch Including a controller.

  In one aspect, the connection between the grid and the customer can be controlled more autonomously.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the electric power control system including the switchgear according to Embodiment 1. It is a figure which shows the system switch according to Embodiment 1, and its surrounding circuit structure. It is a figure which shows the switch according to Embodiment 1, and its surrounding circuit structure. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of a controller according to the first embodiment. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the opening / closing operation | movement of the switch according to Embodiment 1, and a control relay. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation at the time of a power failure in a power control system including the switchgear according to the first embodiment. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation from a power failure to a power recovery in the power control system including the switchgear according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the electric power control system containing the switchgear according to this Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the system switch according to this Embodiment 2, and its surrounding circuit structure. It is a figure which shows the switch according to Embodiment 2, and its peripheral circuit structure. It is a figure for demonstrating the switching operation of the system switch according to Embodiment 2, and a control relay. It is a figure for demonstrating the opening / closing operation | movement of the switch according to Embodiment 2, and a control relay. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement at the time of a power failure in the electric power control system containing the switchgear according to Embodiment 2.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

[Embodiment 1]
<A. Overall system configuration>
With reference to FIG. 1, the overall configuration of a power control system including a switchgear according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a power control system 1000 including a switchgear 500 according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the power control system 1000 includes a high voltage system 1, a pole transformer 2, a low voltage system 3, a monitoring server 6, a communication line 7, a wireless server 9, a customer 100A, 100B, 100C (hereinafter collectively referred to as “customer 100”) and a switchgear 500. The power control system 1000 controls power supplied to a plurality of consumers 100 from a power system including the high voltage system 1 and the low voltage system 3.

  The high-voltage system 1 is composed of, for example, a 6.6 kV three-phase high-voltage distribution line. The pole transformer 2 transforms the high voltage power of 6.6 kV applied to the high voltage distribution line into the low voltage power of 100 V or 200 V that can be used at home or factory. The pole transformer 2 may be, for example, a transformer in a rental electric room of an apartment house.

  The low voltage | pressure system 3 is comprised from the low voltage distribution line of 100V or 200V. The low voltage system 3 is connected to the high voltage system 1 via the pole transformer 2 and the system switch 4. Moreover, the low voltage | pressure system 3 is connected to the some consumer 100, and supplies the electric power received from the high voltage | pressure system 1 via the pole transformer 2 to each consumer 100.

  The monitoring server 6 has a communication function, and transmits a control signal to a communication relay 5 described later via the communication line 7 and a communication slave station 8 described later. In addition, the monitoring server 6 monitors abnormalities such as a power failure and a voltage drop in the section of the high-voltage system 1. More specifically, a current sensor (or voltage sensor) (not shown) is installed in the high-voltage system 1, and the monitoring server 6 receives information from the current sensor (or voltage sensor) (information about current and voltage). Based on the above, a power failure or abnormality of the high voltage system 1 is detected. The monitoring server 6 is composed of, for example, a known computer. Typically, the monitoring server 6 has hardware resources such as an arithmetic device, a storage device, and an input / output device, and the arithmetic device reads and executes a program stored in the storage device, thereby exhibiting the functions described later. To do.

  Here, in this example, at least one of the plurality of consumers 100 has a distributed power source that is grid-connected to the low-voltage system 3. More specifically, there are consumers 100A and 100C having distributed power sources and customers 100B having no distributed power sources as consumers.

  The customer 100A includes a smart meter 12A, a load 13A, a solar power generation device 14A, a storage battery 15, an electric vehicle 16, and a power conditioner 17A. The customer 100B includes a smart meter 12B and a load 13B. The customer 100C includes a smart meter 12C, a load 13C, a solar power generation device 14C, and a power conditioner 17C. Hereinafter, the smart meters 12A to 12C are collectively referred to as “smart meter 12”, and the loads 13A to 13C are also collectively referred to as “load 13”.

  The smart meter 12 is provided immediately downstream of the switch 11 and wirelessly transmits the status of the load 13 to the monitoring server 6 via the wireless server 9 and receives a command from the monitoring server 6. The smart meter 12 may be configured to exchange information with the monitoring server 6 by wire. Further, the smart meter 12 is configured to be able to connect or disconnect between the switch 11 (and the controller 20) and the power conditioner 17 (and the load 13) based on a command from the monitoring server 6. Also good.

  The load 13 is, for example, an electric device such as an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a washing machine, a television, a lighting device, or a personal computer used at home. The load 13 is supplied with power from the low-voltage system 3 or power from the power conditioner 17.

  The photovoltaic power generation device 14A, the storage battery 15, and the storage battery of the electric vehicle 16 included in the customer 100A are connected to the power conditioner 17A. The power conditioner 17A supplies power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation device 14A, the storage battery 15, and the storage battery of the electric vehicle 16 to the load 13A. Note that the customer 100A may have either one of the storage battery 15 or the storage battery of the electric vehicle 16, or may have a plurality of each. Hereinafter, the storage battery 15 and the storage battery of the electric vehicle 16 are also collectively referred to as “storage battery”.

  The solar power generation device 14C included in the customer 100C is connected to the power conditioner 17C. The power conditioner 17C supplies the power supplied from the solar power generation device 14C to the load 13C.

  The power conditioners 17 </ b> A and 17 </ b> C are connected to the low voltage system 3. The power conditioner 17A is a master type, and the power conditioner 17C is a slave type. Therefore, the power conditioner 17C is synchronized with the power conditioner 17A. The power conditioners 17A and 17C control electric power supplied from the distributed power source.

  The switchgear 500 is a generic name of the system switch 4 (first switch), the communication relay 5, the communication slave station 8, the controller 10, and the switches 11A, 11B, and 11C (hereinafter referred to as “switch 11”). And controllers 20A, 20B, and 20C (hereinafter also collectively referred to as “controller 20”).

  The system switch 4 is provided immediately downstream of the pole transformer 2 and is connected between the pole transformer 2 and the low voltage system 3. The system switch 4 connects or disconnects (disconnects) the high voltage system 1 and the low voltage system 3. The detailed configuration of the system switch 4 will be described later.

  The communication relay 5 receives an opening / closing command from the monitoring server 6 via the communication line 7 and the communication slave station 8, and connects or disconnects the pole transformer 2 and the controller 10. More specifically, the communication relay 5 connects the pole transformer 2 and the controller 10 according to the closing command, and cuts off the pole transformer 2 and the controller 10 according to the opening command. The communication relay 5 may be configured to receive an opening / closing command from the monitoring server 6 via the wireless server 9 wirelessly.

  The controller 10 controls the switching operation of the system switch 4 based on the power supply amount on the primary side of the system switch 4 (the pole transformer 2 side). In other words, the controller 10 controls the opening / closing operation of the system switch 4 based on the amount of power supplied from the high-voltage system 1 via the pole transformer 2. More specifically, when the controller 10 receives power supply from the primary side of the system switch 4 (receives power), the controller 10 closes the system switch 4 to connect the high voltage system 1 and the low voltage system 3. When the controller 10 is not receiving power supply from the primary side of the system switch 4, the controller 10 opens the system switch 4 to shut off the high-voltage system 1 and the low-voltage system 3. Further, the controller 10 operates the high-voltage system by closing the system switch 4 when the high-voltage system 1 is restored and the communication relay 5 connects the pole transformer 2 and the controller 10. 1 and the low-voltage system 3 are connected.

  The switch 11 (second switch) is provided for each customer 100 and is connected between the low-voltage system 3 and the customer 100. The switch 11 connects or disconnects the customer 100 and the low-voltage system 3. The detailed configuration of the switch 11 will be described later. The controller 20 is provided for each customer 100, and based on the power supply amount on the primary side (the pole transformer 2 side) of the switch 11 and the power supply amount on the secondary side (the customer 100 side), The opening / closing operation of the switch 11 is controlled. More specifically, when the controller 20 receives power supply from the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 11, the controller 20 closes the switch 11 to connect the low voltage system 3 and the customer 100. When the controller 20 is not supplied with power from either the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 11, the controller 20 opens the switch 11 to shut off the low-voltage system 3 and the customer 100.

  The configuration described above is an example, and a configuration in which a plurality of consumers 100 do not have a distributed power source may be used. Further, there may be one customer 100 having a distributed power source, or there may be three or more customers 100. In addition, the distributed power source is not limited to the solar power generation device 14, and may be a wind power generation device, a geothermal power generation device, a micro gas turbine (MGT) power generation device, a fuel cell power generation device, or the like.

<B. Circuit configuration>
(B1. System switch 4 and its peripheral circuit configuration)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system switch 4 according to the first embodiment and its peripheral circuit configuration. The circuit configuration diagram is a single line diagram.

  Referring to FIG. 2, system switch 4 includes a closing coil 40, a tripping coil 41, and a main contact 42. The system switch 4 is connected to a wiring 51 on the primary side (pole transformer 2 side) and a wiring 52 on the secondary side (customer 100 side). The main contact 42 connects or disconnects the high voltage system 1 and the low voltage system 3.

  The system switch 4 includes an ON signal wiring 54 that transmits an ON signal that sets the main contact 42 in a closed state (ON state), and an OFF signal wiring 55 that transmits an OFF signal that sets the main contact 42 in an open state (OFF state). It is connected to the controller 10 via More specifically, the closing coil 40 is connected to the ON signal wiring 54 and is excited when receiving the ON signal, thereby bringing the main contact 42 into a closed state. The tripping coil 41 is connected to the OFF signal wiring 55 and is excited when the OFF signal is received to open the main contact 42.

  The system switch 4 is, for example, a mechanical latch type electromagnetic switch, and a mechanical latch mechanism is attached to the electromagnetic switch. In the system switch 4, when the closing coil 40 is excited, the closed state of the main contact 42 is mechanically held by the latch mechanism. On the other hand, when the tripping coil 41 is excited, the latch mechanism is released and the main contact 42 is opened. Thereby, since the system switch 4 does not always consume electric power, it can suppress power consumption. Moreover, the system switch 4 is not easily affected by voltage fluctuations. The electromagnetic switch may include a thermal switch.

  The communication relay 5 includes a closing coil 43, a tripping coil 44, and a main contact 45. The communication relay 5 is connected to a wiring 53 connected to the wiring 51. The main contact 45 is provided on the wiring 53 and connects or disconnects the pole transformer 2 and the controller 10.

  The communication relay 5 is connected to the communication slave station 8 via an ON signal wiring 56 for transmitting an ON signal for closing the main contact 45 and an OFF signal wiring 57 for transmitting an OFF signal for opening the main contact 45. Connected. More specifically, the closing coil 43 is connected to the ON signal wiring 56 and is excited when receiving the ON signal, thereby bringing the main contact 45 into a closed state. The tripping coil 44 is connected to the OFF signal wiring 57 and is excited when receiving the OFF signal, so that the main contact 45 is opened.

  The communication relay 5 is, for example, a mechanical latch type relay. In the communication relay 5, when the closing coil 43 is excited, the closed state of the main contact 45 is mechanically held by the latch mechanism. On the other hand, when the tripping coil 44 is excited, the latch mechanism is released and the main contact 45 is opened. Thereby, like the system switch 4, the communication relay 5 does not constantly consume power, so that it can suppress power consumption and is not easily affected by voltage fluctuations. Note that the communication relay 5 may be a mechanical latch electromagnetic switch.

  The controller 10 is connected to the wiring 51 on the primary side of the system switch 4 via the wiring 53 and the communication relay 5. The controller 10 is connected to the ON signal wiring 54 and the OFF signal wiring 55.

(B2. Circuit configuration of switch 11 and its surroundings)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a switch 11 according to the first embodiment and its peripheral circuit configuration. The circuit configuration diagram is a single line diagram.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the switch 11 includes a closing coil 46, a tripping coil 47, and a main contact 48. The switch 11 is provided for each customer 100 and is connected to the wiring 61 on the primary side (the pole transformer 2 side) and to the wiring 62 on the secondary side (the customer 100 side). The main contact 48 connects or disconnects the low voltage system 3 and the customer 100 (smart meter 12, load 13, distributed power source, etc.).

  The switch 11 is connected to the controller 20 via an ON signal wiring 64 for transmitting an ON signal for closing the main contact 48 and an OFF signal wiring 65 for transmitting an OFF signal for opening the main contact 48. Yes. More specifically, the closing coil 46 is connected to the ON signal wiring 64 and is excited when receiving the ON signal, thereby bringing the main contact 48 into a closed state. The tripping coil 47 is connected to the OFF signal wiring 65 and is excited when receiving the OFF signal to open the main contact 48.

  The switch 11 is, for example, a mechanical latch type electromagnetic switch similar to the system switch 4. In the switch 11, when the closing coil 46 is excited, the closed state of the main contact 48 is mechanically held by the latch mechanism, and when the tripping coil 47 is excited, the latch mechanism is released and the main contact 48 is opened. become. Thereby, the switch 11 does not always consume power, like the system switch 4, so that it can suppress power consumption and is not easily affected by voltage fluctuations.

  Control relay 200 includes a contact 201 and an operation coil 202. The control relay 200 is connected to the wiring 63 connected to the wiring 61. The contact 201 is provided on the wiring 63 and connects or disconnects the wiring 61 and the controller 20. More specifically, when power is supplied to the wiring 61 from the primary side of the switch 11 (when the low voltage system 3 is not out of power), the operation coil 202 is connected via the wiring 61 and the wiring 63. The contact 201 is closed by being excited by the electric power. On the other hand, when electric power is not supplied from the primary side of the switch 11 (when the low voltage system 3 is out of power), the operation coil 202 is not excited, so that the contact 201 is opened.

  Control relay 210 includes a contact 211 and an operation coil 212. The control relay 210 is connected to the wiring 66 connected to the wiring 62. The contact 211 is provided on the wiring 66 and connects or disconnects the control relay 220 and the controller 20. More specifically, when power is supplied via the control relay 220 (that is, the contact 221 of the control relay 220 is in a closed state and the secondary side of the switch 11 (distributed power source or storage battery) )), The operation coil 212 is excited by the electric power to bring the contact 211 into a closed state. On the other hand, when the power is not supplied via the control relay 220, the operation coil 212 is not excited, so that the contact 211 is opened.

  Control relay 220 includes a contact 221 and an operation coil 222. The control relay 220 is connected to a wiring 66 connected to the wiring 62 and a wiring 67 connected to the wiring 63, respectively. The contact 221 is provided on the wiring 66 and connects or disconnects the secondary wiring 62 of the switch 11 and the control relay 210. The contact 221 is a break contact. Therefore, when power is supplied to the wiring 61 from the primary side of the switch 11, the operation coil 222 is excited by the power through the wiring 61, the wiring 63, and the wiring 67, and the contact 221 is opened. To. On the other hand, when electric power is not supplied to the wiring 61 from the primary side of the switch 11, the operation coil 222 is not excited, so that the contact 221 is closed.

  The controller 20 is connected to the wiring 61 on the primary side of the switch 11 via the wiring 63 and the control relay 200. Further, the controller 20 is connected to the secondary wiring 62 of the switch 11 via the wiring 66, the control relay 210, and the control relay 220. The controller 20 is connected to the ON signal wiring 64 and the OFF signal wiring 65.

(B3. Circuit configuration of the controllers 10 and 20)
FIG. 4 shows a circuit configuration of controllers 10 and 20 according to the first embodiment. That is, the circuit configurations of the controllers 10 and 20 are the same. The circuit configuration diagram is shown in a double-line diagram. Below, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the detail of the connection relation between the controller 10 and each wiring mentioned above is demonstrated, and the connection between the controller 10 and each wiring mentioned above with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. Details of the relationship will be described.

  First, the circuit configuration of the controllers 10 and 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The controllers 10 and 20 include a diode 71, a resistor 72, a capacitor 73, a varistor 74, connection terminals 81A and 81B (hereinafter also collectively referred to as “connection terminal 81”), and connection terminals 82A and 82B (hereinafter referred to as “connection terminals 81”). A connection terminal 83, and an instantaneous operation time-recovery break contact 86. In the following, it is assumed that the connection terminals 81A and 82A are positive connection terminals, and the connection terminals 81B and 82B are negative connection terminals. Note that the positive and negative of the connection terminal may be reversed.

  The instantaneous operation time-recovery break contact 86 is a contact constituted by a relay or an electromagnetic switch. The contact is opened instantaneously when a current exceeding a certain level flows, and is closed when a certain time elapses after the current stops flowing. is there. As a mechanism for closing the circuit after a certain period of time has elapsed, for example, a mechanism in which the movable part receives a flow resistance and adjusts the flow resistance to adjust the time for closing is considered. The predetermined time is, for example, 0.1 to 100 seconds, and is set so that the instantaneous operation time-recovery break contact 86 is not closed due to an instantaneous voltage drop or a short-time power failure.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the connection relationship between the controller 10 and the wiring 53, the ON signal wiring 54, and the OFF signal wiring 55 will be described. In the controller 10, the connection terminal 81 </ b> A (positive side) is connected to the positive side wiring of the wiring 53, and the connection terminal 81 </ b> B (negative side) is connected to the negative side wiring of the wiring 53. The connection terminal 82A (positive side) is connected to the positive side wiring of the ON signal wiring 54, and the connection terminal 82B (negative side) is the negative side wiring of the ON signal wiring 54 and the OFF signal wiring 55. Are respectively connected to the negative side wiring. The connection terminal 83 is connected to the positive wiring of the OFF signal wiring 55.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the connection relationship between the controller 20 and the wiring 63, the ON signal wiring 64, the OFF signal wiring 65, and the wiring 66 will be described. In the controller 20, the connection terminal 81 is connected to the wiring 63 and the wiring 66. More specifically, the connection terminal 81A (positive side) is connected to the positive side wiring of the wiring 63 and the wiring 66, and the connection terminal 81B (negative side) is connected to the negative side of the wiring 63 and the wiring 66. It is connected to the. The connection terminal 82A (positive side) is connected to the positive side wiring of the ON signal wiring 64, and the connection terminal 82B (negative side) is the negative side wiring of the ON signal wiring 64 and the OFF signal wiring 65. It is connected to the negative side wiring. The connection terminal 83 is connected to the positive wiring of the OFF signal wiring 65.

<C. Open / close operation>
(C1. Switching operation of system switch 4)
With reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the opening / closing operation | movement of the system switch 4 is demonstrated. Here, it is assumed that the communication relay 5 receives an instruction from the monitoring server 6 and the main contact 45 is in a closed state.

  Since the main contact 45 of the communication relay 5 is in a closed state, when the high voltage system 1 supplies power to the wiring 51 via the pole transformer 2, the controller 10 uses the wiring 51 and the wiring 53. The power supply is received via. And since the making coil 40 is excited by the said electric power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 54, the main contact 42 will be in a closed state. In addition, the electric power is charged in the capacitor 73 (charge is accumulated) via the connection terminal 81, the diode 71, and the resistor 72. At this time, an operation coil (not shown) for opening / closing the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 receives a current exceeding a certain level from the connection terminal 81A to the connection terminal 81B. Since 86 is in an open circuit state, the capacitor 73 is charged (not discharged). The varistor 74 adjusts the voltage so that a voltage higher than necessary is not applied to the capacitor 73.

  When the high voltage system 1 is not supplying power to the wiring 51 via the pole transformer 2 due to a power failure or the like, the controller 10 does not receive power supply from the primary side of the system switch 4. For this reason, the operation coil for opening and closing the instantaneous operation time limit break contact 86 does not receive a current exceeding a certain value. Therefore, when a certain time T1 elapses after no current is received, the instantaneous operation time limit break contact 86 is closed. It becomes a state. When the instantaneous operation time-recovery break contact 86 is closed, the power charged in the capacitor 73 is discharged through the connection terminal 83 and the OFF signal wiring 55 (OFF signal is transmitted). The coil 41 is excited and the main contact 42 is opened. The tripping coil 41 is sufficiently excited by the current discharged from the capacitor 73 so that the main contact 42 can be opened.

(C2. Opening / closing operation of switch 11)
The opening / closing operation of the switch 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing the switching operation of switch 11 and control relays 200, 210, and 220 according to the first embodiment.

  3, 4, and 5, when power is supplied to the wiring 63 (and the wiring 61) from the primary side of the switch 11 (with supply), and the switch is operated by a distributed power source or the like 11 is not supplied to the wiring 66 (and wiring 62) (no supply), the operation coil 202 is excited, the contact 201 is closed (ON state), and the operation coil 222 is excited. Then, the contact 221 becomes an open circuit state (OFF state). At this time, since the contact 221 is in the OFF state, the contact 211 is also in the OFF state. Therefore, the controller 20 receives power supply via the wiring 61 and the wiring 63. And since the making coil 46 is excited by the said electric power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, the main contact 48 will be in an ON state. Further, charges are accumulated in the capacitor 73 through the connection terminal 81, the diode 71, and the resistor 72. At this time, since the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is in the OFF state, the electric charge of the capacitor 73 is charged. The varistor 74 adjusts the voltage so that a voltage higher than necessary is not applied to the capacitor 73.

  Further, when power is not supplied to the wiring 63 from the primary side of the switch 11 and power is supplied to the wiring 66 from the secondary side of the switch 11, the operation coil 202 is excited. The contact 201 is turned off, the operation coil 222 is not excited, and the contact 221 is turned on. Further, since the contact 221 is in the ON state, the operation coil 212 is excited by the power from the secondary side (for example, distributed power source) of the switch 11 via the wiring 66, and the contact 211 is turned on. Therefore, the controller 20 receives power supply via the wiring 62 and the wiring 66. Then, since the closing coil 46 is excited by the electric power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, the main contact 48 is closed, and the capacitor 73 is charged with electric charge.

  Further, when power is supplied to the wiring 63 from the primary side of the switch 11 and power is supplied to the wiring 66 from the secondary side of the switch 11, the operation coil 202 is excited. Then, the contact 201 is turned on, the operation coil 222 is excited, and the contact 221 is turned off. Further, since the contact 221 is in the OFF state, the contact 211 is also in the OFF state. Therefore, the controller 20 receives power supply via the wiring 61 and the wiring 63. In addition, since the closing coil 46 is excited by the power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, the main contact 48 is closed, and the capacitor 73 is charged with electric charge. In this case, the controller 20 does not receive power supply from the secondary side of the switch 11 by a distributed power source or a storage battery.

  Further, when power is not supplied to the wiring 63 from the primary side of the switch 11 and power is not supplied to the wiring 66 from the secondary side of the switch 11, the operation coil 202 is excited. The contact 201 is turned off, the operation coil 222 is not excited, and the contact 221 is turned on. In addition, although the contact 221 is in the ON state, no electric power is supplied from the secondary side of the switch 11, so that the operation coil 212 is not excited and the contact 211 is in the OFF state. That is, the controller 20 is not supplied with power from either the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 11. Therefore, the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is closed when a certain time T2 elapses after receiving no power supply. When the instantaneous operation time-return break contact 86 is closed, the electric power charged in the capacitor 73 is discharged through the connection terminal 83 and the OFF signal wiring 65, so that the trip coil 47 is excited and the main contact 48 is excited. Becomes an open circuit.

  Note that, as described above, when power is not supplied to the controller 10 or 20 such as when a power failure occurs, the system switch 4 and the switch 11 are in an open state. In this case, it is generally preferable to open the circuit from the downstream switch. Therefore, the time from the occurrence of a power failure to the open circuit state in the system switch 4 provided on the upstream side is set to be longer than the time in the switch 11 provided on the downstream side. . More specifically, in the system switch 4, the time T <b> 1 from when the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is no longer supplied with power to the closed state becomes longer than the time T <b> 2 in the switch 11. Is set.

<D. System operation>
Here, the operation of power control system 1000 including switchgear 500 according to Embodiment 1 will be described.

(D1. Normal operation)
First, normal operation in the power control system 1000 will be described. The normal time is a case where the high-voltage system 1 and the low-voltage system 3 are not interrupted and power is supplied from the low-voltage system 3 to the customer 100.

  In the normal power control system 1000, since the system switch 4 is in a closed state, power is supplied from the high voltage system 1 to the low voltage system 3 via the pole transformer 2 and the system switch 4. Furthermore, since the switch 11 is in a closed state, electric power is supplied from the low voltage system 3 to the plurality of consumers 100. The load 13 that the customer 100 has is operated by the supplied power. When the charge amount of the storage battery 15 or the storage battery included in the electric vehicle 16 is not sufficient, these storage batteries are charged. Moreover, the electric power generated by the solar power generation device 14 is converted from direct current to alternating current by the power conditioners 17A and 17C. The power conditioners 17A and 17C are interconnected in synchronization with the low-voltage system 3.

(D2. Operation during power failure)
Next, the operation at the time of a power failure in power control system 1000 including switchgear 500 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation at the time of a power failure in power control system 1000 including switchgear 500 according to the first embodiment.

  Referring to FIG. 6, when the high-voltage system 1 fails, power is not supplied to the low-voltage system 3, so that power is not supplied to all the customers 100 and the operations of all the loads 13 are stopped. Further, the power conditioners 17A and 17C stop the interconnection operation. All the switches 11 autonomously perform the opening operation when the time T1 has elapsed since the occurrence of a power failure (step S104). More specifically, the tripping coil 47 is excited by the electric charge charged in the capacitor 73 in the switch 11, and the main contact 48 is opened. At this time, all the customers 100 are disconnected from the low-voltage system 3.

  Next, the system switch 4 autonomously performs an open circuit operation when the time T2 has elapsed since the occurrence of a power failure (step S106). More specifically, the tripping coil 41 is excited by the electric charge charged in the capacitor 73 in the system switch 4, and the main contact 42 is opened. At this time, the low voltage system 3 is disconnected from the high voltage system 1.

  Next, the monitoring server 6 switches the master type power conditioner 17A of the customer 100A from the interconnection operation mode to the independent operation mode (step S108). More specifically, the monitoring server 6 instructs the power conditioner 17A via the smart meter 12A to perform the switching. In addition, the user of the customer 100 may receive the instruction from the monitoring server 6 and manually switch the mode.

  Next, the power conditioner 17A switched to the self-sustained operation mode supplies the power generated by the solar power generation device 14A to the load 13A (step S110). When the power supplied to the load 13A is insufficient, the power conditioner 17A may supply the power from the storage battery to the load 13A.

  Next, the switch 11A autonomously performs a closing operation in order to receive power supply from the solar power generation device 14A (or storage battery) (step S112). More specifically, in the customer 100A, the closing coil 46 is excited by the power via the wiring 66, the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, and the main contact 48 is closed. At this time, the electric power can be supplied to the consumers 100B and 100C via the low-voltage system 3.

  Next, the switches 11B and 11C autonomously perform a closing operation in order to receive power supply from the low-voltage system 3 (step S114). Then, the load 13B of the customer 100B is supplied with electric power from the low-voltage system 3, and the slave type power conditioner 17C that the customer 100C has is synchronized with the master type power conditioner 17A that the customer 100A has. Electric power is supplied to the load 13C and the like (step S116). At this time, the load 13 that has stopped operating due to a power failure can be operated again. Therefore, even the consumer 100B that does not have the solar power generation device 14 and the storage battery can use the power generated by the solar power generation device 14 (or the power from the storage battery).

  In addition, in the above, when the electric power which can be supplied by the solar power generation device 14 and the storage battery is lower than the electric power required by the load 13 of the customer 100, the monitoring server 6 determines the smart meter of the important customer 100 12 to connect between the switch 11 and the power conditioner 17 and to instruct the smart meter 12 of another customer 100 to disconnect between the switch 11 and the power conditioner 17. Also good.

  When the power conditioners 17A and 17C have a communication function, the power conditioners 17A and 17C may receive various commands directly from the monitoring server 6 (not via the smart meter 12).

(D3. Operation from power failure to power recovery)
Next, operations from power failure to power recovery in power control system 1000 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation from power failure to power recovery in power control system 1000 including switchgear 500 according to the first embodiment. Here, as described above, it is assumed that the high voltage system 1 is cut off, the low voltage system 3 is disconnected from the high voltage system 1, and the power conditioners 17A and 17C are operating independently.

  Referring to FIG. 7, monitoring server 6 issues a circuit opening command to communication relay 5 (step S202). More specifically, the monitoring server 6 transmits an OFF signal to the communication relay 5 via the communication line 7, the communication slave station 8, and the OFF signal wiring 57. At this time, the main contact 45 of the communication relay 5 is in an open state. The reason for keeping the main contact 45 of the communication relay 5 open is to prevent power from being autonomously supplied from the high voltage system 1 to the low voltage system 3 when the high voltage system 1 is restored. Thereby, electric power can be supplied to each consumer 100 after a safety check.

  Next, the monitoring server 6 determines whether or not the high-voltage system 1 has returned to power (step S204). More specifically, the monitoring server 6 determines whether or not the high voltage system 1 has been restored based on a signal from a current sensor (or voltage sensor) installed in the high voltage system 1.

  When the high voltage system 1 has not recovered power (NO in step S204), the monitoring server 6 repeats the process of step S204. On the other hand, when the high voltage system 1 is restored (YES in step S204), the power conditioners 17A and 17C receive the instruction from the monitoring server 6 and stop the independent operation mode (step S206).

  Next, the switch 11 autonomously performs an opening operation (step S208). More specifically, since the power conditioner 17A stops the independent operation, the power from the photovoltaic power generation device 14A, the storage battery 15, or the storage battery of the electric vehicle 16 is not supplied to the switch 11A in the customer 100A. Therefore, the switch 11A performs an opening operation. Similarly, since the power conditioner 17C stops the independent operation, the electric power from the solar power generation device 14C is not supplied to the switch 11C in the customer 100C, and therefore the switch 11C performs an open circuit operation. As a result, the power from the distributed power source or the storage battery is not supplied to the low-voltage system 3, so that the switch 11B of the customer 100B also performs the opening operation.

  Next, the monitoring server 6 issues a closing command to the communication relay 5 (step S210). More specifically, the monitoring server 6 transmits an ON signal to the communication relay 5 via the communication line 7, the communication slave station 8, and the ON signal wiring 56. At this time, since the main contact 45 of the communication relay 5 is in a closed state, the controller 10 can be supplied with electric power from the restored high-voltage system 1 via the pole transformer 2. And since the closing coil 40 of the system switch 4 is excited by the said electric power through the wiring 53, the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 54, the main contact 42 will be in a closed circuit state. As a result, electric power is supplied from the high voltage system 1 to the low voltage system 3.

  Next, all the switches 11 autonomously perform a closing operation (step S212). More specifically, since the closing coils 46 of all the switches 11 are excited by the electric power from the low voltage system 3, the main contact 48 is closed.

  The loads 13 of all the customers 100 become operational again upon receiving the supply of power (step S214), and the power conditioners 17A and 17C are linked and operated in synchronization with the low-voltage system 3 (step S216).

<E. Effects of the embodiment>
According to the first embodiment, in the event of a power failure, the connection between the high-voltage system and the low-voltage system, the connection between the low-voltage system and the customer, and the connection between the customers during the autonomous operation are connected or not (primary side of the switch) And the voltage on the secondary side) can be autonomously controlled.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, at the time of power recovery, regarding the connection between the high voltage system and the low voltage system, a command from the monitoring server is required to ensure safety. It can be controlled autonomously. Since power can be prevented from being autonomously supplied to the low-voltage system after the high-voltage system is restored, power can be supplied to each customer 100 after the safety check.

  Moreover, according to Embodiment 1, the electric power of the consumer which has a distributed power supply can be supplied to the consumer which does not have a distributed power supply at the time of a self-sustained operation.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent an unnecessary operation such that the switch opens autonomously in the event of an instantaneous voltage drop or a short-time power failure.

[Embodiment 2]
<A. Overall system configuration>
With reference to FIG. 8, the overall configuration of the power control system including the switchgear according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a power control system 1100 including the switchgear 600 according to the second embodiment. That is, the overall configuration of power control system 1100 according to the second embodiment corresponds to a configuration in which switching device 500 in the overall configuration of power control system 1000 according to the first embodiment is replaced with switching device 600.

  The switch device 600 according to the second embodiment includes the system switch 4, the switches 11 (11A, 11B, 11C), and the communication relay 5 included in the switch device 500 according to the first embodiment, respectively. This corresponds to the switch 410 (410A, 410B, 410C) and the communication relay 420.

  Therefore, system switch 400, switch 410, and their peripheral circuits included in switch device 600 will be described below, but the detailed description of the same parts as in power control system 1000 according to the first embodiment will be repeated. Absent.

<B. Circuit configuration>
(B1. System switch 400 and its peripheral circuit configuration)
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a system switch 400 according to the second embodiment and its peripheral circuit configuration. The circuit configuration diagram is a single line diagram.

  Referring to FIG. 9, system switch 400 includes a closing coil 40, a tripping coil 41, a main contact 42, and an auxiliary break contact 303. That is, system switch 400 is obtained by adding auxiliary break contact 303 to system switch 4 according to the first embodiment, and the other parts are the same.

  The auxiliary break contact 303 is provided on the wiring 58, and connects or disconnects the control relay 300 and the secondary side (wiring 52) of the system switch 400. The auxiliary break contact 303 is closed when the main contact 42 is open, and closed when the main contact 42 is open. That is, the auxiliary break contact 303 is a contact that is in an open / closed state opposite to the main contact 42 (make contact). Note that the open / close state of the system switch 400 means the open / close state of the main contact 42.

  Communication relay 420 includes a closing coil 43, a tripping coil 44, a main contact 45, and an auxiliary break contact 330. That is, communication relay 420 is obtained by adding auxiliary break contact 330 to communication relay 5 according to the second embodiment, and the other parts are the same.

  The auxiliary break contact 330 is connected to the terminal 331 and the terminal 332, and is a contact for connecting or blocking the wiring 63 and the wiring 66 shown in FIG. The auxiliary break contact 330 is closed when the main contact 45 is open, and closed when the main contact 45 is open. That is, the auxiliary break contact 330 is a contact that is in an open / closed state opposite to the main contact 45. The open / close state of the communication relay 420 means the open / close state of the main contact 45.

  The control relay 300 includes a break contact 301 and an operation coil 302. The control relay 300 is provided between the primary side of the system switch 400 (or the communication relay 420) and the controller 10, and connects or disconnects the communication relay 420 and the controller 10 by a break contact 301 on the wiring 53. Cut off. More specifically, the operation coil 302 opens the break contact 301 when it is excited by power supplied from the secondary side of the system switch 400 via the wiring 52, the auxiliary break contact 303, and the wiring 58. If the power is not supplied and excited, the break contact 301 is closed. Therefore, when the control relay 300 does not receive power from the secondary side of the system switch 400, the control relay 300 connects the primary side (wiring 53) of the system switch 400 and the controller 10 and receives the power. In this case, the primary side of the system switch 400 and the controller 10 are disconnected.

(B2. Circuit configuration of switch 410 and its surroundings)
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a switch 410 according to the second embodiment and its peripheral circuit configuration. The circuit configuration diagram is a single line diagram.

  Referring to FIG. 10, the switch 410 includes a closing coil 46, a tripping coil 47, a main contact 48, and an auxiliary break contact 322. That is, switch 410 is obtained by adding auxiliary break contact 322 to switch 11 according to the first embodiment, and the other parts are the same.

  The auxiliary break contact 322 is provided on the wiring 325 and connects or disconnects the control relay 310 and the secondary side (wirings 62 and 66) of the switch 410. The auxiliary break contact 322 is closed when the main contact 48 is open, and closed when the main contact 48 is open. That is, the auxiliary break contact 322 is a contact that is in an open / closed state opposite to the main contact 48 (make contact). Note that the open / close state of the switch 410 means the open / close state of the main contact 48.

  Control relay 310 includes a break contact 314 and an operation coil 318. The control relay 310 is provided between the primary side (wiring 61) of the switch 410 and the second controller 20 (or the control relay 311), and is connected to the primary side of the switch 410 by a break contact 314 on the wiring 63. And control relay 311 are connected or disconnected. More specifically, the operation coil 318 opens the break contact 314 when power is supplied from the secondary side of the switch 410 via the wiring 62, the auxiliary break contact 322, and the wiring 325 and is excited. When the power is not supplied and excited, the break contact 314 is closed. Therefore, the control relay 310 connects the primary side of the switch 410 and the control relay 311 when no power is received from the secondary side of the switch 410, and when the power is received, the control relay 310 The primary side of 410 and the control relay 311 are disconnected.

  The control relay 311 includes a make contact 315 and an operation coil 319. The control relay 311 is provided between the control relay 310 (or the primary side of the switch 410) and the controller 20, and connects or disconnects the control relay 310 and the controller 20 by a make contact 315 on the wiring 63. More specifically, when the operation coil 319 is excited by the power supplied from the primary side of the switch 410 via the control relay 310, the make contact 315 is closed and the power is not supplied. If not excited, the make contact 315 is opened. Therefore, when the control relay 311 receives power from the primary side of the switch 410 via the control relay 310, the control relay 311 connects the control relay 310 (or the primary side of the switch 410) and the controller 20, and the power If not, the control relay 310 and the controller 20 are disconnected.

  The control relay 312 includes a break contact 316 and an operation coil 320. The control relay 312 is provided between the secondary side (wirings 62 and 66) of the switch 410 and the controller 20 (or the control relay 313), and is connected to the secondary side of the switch 410 by a break contact 316 on the wiring 66. And control relay 313 are connected or disconnected. More specifically, when the operation coil 320 is excited by the power supplied from the primary side of the switch 410 via the wiring 63, the break contact 316 is opened, and the power is not supplied and is not excited. In this case, the break contact 316 is closed. Therefore, the control relay 312 connects the secondary side of the switch 410 and the control relay 313 when receiving power from the primary side of the switch 410, and when not receiving the power, the switch 410 And the control relay 313 are disconnected.

  The control relay 313 includes a timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 and an operation coil 321. The control relay 313 is provided between the control relay 312 and the controller 20, and connects or disconnects the control relay 312 and the controller 20 through a timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 on the wiring 66. More specifically, when the operation coil 321 is excited by the power supplied from the secondary side of the switch 410 via the control relay 312, the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is closed, and the power Is not supplied and is not excited, the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is opened. Therefore, the control relay 313 connects the control relay 312 (or the secondary side of the switch 410) and the controller 20 when receiving power from the secondary side of the switch 410 via the control relay 312, When the power is not received, the control relay 312 and the controller 20 are disconnected. The timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is a contact constituted by a relay or an electromagnetic switch. The contact closes with a delay of a certain time when a current exceeding a certain value flows, and opens instantly when the current stops flowing. is there.

  An auxiliary break contact 330 is provided between the secondary side (wiring 66) of the switch 410 and the controller 20. Specifically, the wiring 66 is configured to be connectable to the wiring 63 via the terminal 331, the auxiliary break contact 330, and the terminal 332 of the communication relay 420. That is, when the auxiliary break contact 330 is closed, the wiring 63 and the wiring 66 are connected, and when the auxiliary break contact 330 is closed, the wiring 63 and the wiring 66 are cut off.

<C. Open / close operation>
(C1. Switching operation of system switch 400)
With reference to FIG. 9, FIG. 11 and FIG. 4, the switching operation of the system switch 400 will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the switching operation of system switch 400 and control relay 300 according to the second embodiment. Here, it is assumed that the communication relay 420 receives a closing instruction from the monitoring server 6 and the main contact 45 is in a closed state (ON state). When the communication relay 420 receives an opening instruction from the monitoring server 6 and the main contact 45 is in the open state, the main contact 42 is always in the open state (OFF state).

  First, the switching operation when the current state (initial state) of the main contact 42 of the system switch 400 is in the OFF state (FIG. 11: No. 1 to No. 4) will be described. In this case, the initial state of the auxiliary break contact 303 is the ON state.

  When power is supplied from the high-voltage system 1 to the wiring 51 via the pole transformer 2 from the state where power is not supplied to the wiring 51, and the secondary of the system switch 400 is provided by a distributed power source or the like. When power is not supplied to the wiring 52 from the side (FIG. 11: No. 1), the operation coil 302 of the control relay 300 is not excited and the break contact 301 is turned on. Therefore, the controller 10 receives power supply via the wiring 51 and the wiring 53. Then, the closing coil 40 is excited by the power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 54, and the main contact 42 is turned on. In addition, charges are accumulated in the capacitor 73 via the connection terminal 81, the diode 71, and the resistor 72. At this time, since the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is in the OFF state, the electric charge of the capacitor 73 is charged. The varistor 74 adjusts the voltage so that a voltage higher than necessary is not applied to the capacitor 73.

  When power is not supplied to the wiring 51 and power is supplied to the wiring 52 (from a state where power is not supplied to the wiring 52) (FIG. 11: No. 2), The operation coil 302 is excited and the break contact 301 is turned off. In this case, since the controller 10 is not supplied with electric power, the main contact 42 maintains the OFF state.

  Further, when power is supplied to the wiring 51 and power is supplied to the wiring 52 (FIG. 11: No. 3), the operation coil 302 is excited and the break contact 301 is in the OFF state. It becomes. Also in this case, since the controller 10 is not supplied with power, the main contact 42 is maintained in the OFF state.

  Further, when power is not supplied to the wiring 51 and power is not supplied to the wiring 52 (FIG. 11: No. 4), the operation coil 302 is excited and the break contact 301 is in the ON state. However, since the power is not supplied to the wiring 51 in the first place, the controller 10 is not supplied with the power, and the main contact 42 maintains the OFF state.

  Next, the switching operation when the current state (initial state) of the main contact 42 of the system switch 400 is in the ON state (FIG. 11: Nos. 5 and 6) will be described. At this time, the initial state of the auxiliary break contact 303 is an OFF state. In this case, since the system power supply and the distributed power supply operate in synchronization, the charge of the distributed power supply and the power outage state coincide with the charge of the low voltage system 3 and the power outage state. Therefore, when the main contact 42 of the system switch 400 is in the ON state, both the primary side and the secondary side of the system switch 400 are in a charged state (a state in which power is supplied), or the primary side and secondary of the system switch 400 There are two possible cases where both sides are in a power failure state (a state where no power is supplied).

  First, when power is supplied to the wiring 51 and power is supplied to the wiring 52 (FIG. 11: No. 5), the auxiliary break contact 303 is in the OFF state, so the operation coil 302 is not excited and the break contact 301 is turned on. In this case, since the controller 10 is supplied with electric power, the main contact 42 maintains the ON state.

  In addition, when power is not supplied to the wiring 51 due to a power failure or the like from a state where power is supplied to the wiring 51 and power is not supplied to the wiring 52 (FIG. 11: No. 11). 6) The operation coil 302 is not excited and the break contact 301 is turned on. However, since no power is supplied to the wiring 51, the controller 10 is not supplied with power. Therefore, since the operating coil for opening / closing the instantaneous operation time limit break contact 86 does not receive a current exceeding a certain level, the instantaneous operation time limit break contact 86 is closed when a certain time T1 elapses after the current is not received. It becomes a state. When the instantaneous operation time-recovery break contact 86 is closed, the power charged in the capacitor 73 is discharged through the connection terminal 83 and the OFF signal wiring 55 (OFF signal is transmitted). The coil 41 is excited and the main contact 42 is turned off. The tripping coil 41 is sufficiently excited by the current discharged from the capacitor 73 so that the main contact 42 can be opened.

  As described above, when the initial state of the system switch 400 is OFF (the main contact 42 is OFF), the controller 10 supplies power to the primary side (wiring 51) of the system switch 400 and performs secondary operation. When the power is not supplied to the side (wiring 52), the system switch 400 is closed, and when the power is supplied to the secondary side of the system switch 400, the OFF state of the system switch 400 is maintained. . When the initial state of the system switch 400 is the ON state (the main contact 42 is in the ON state), the controller 10 allows the system switch 400 to operate when power is supplied to the primary side of the system switch 400. Maintain a closed state. Regardless of the initial state of the system switch 400 (whether it is in the ON state or the OFF state), the controller 10 switches the system open / closed when power is not supplied to the primary side of the system switch 400. The device 400 is opened.

  According to the switching operation, the initial state of the system switch 400 is OFF, and the primary side power supplied via the pole transformer 2 and the secondary side power supplied from the distributed power source When synchronization is not established, the system switch 400 is not turned on if power is supplied to the secondary side. Therefore, when the primary power supplied via the pole transformer 2 and the secondary power supplied from the distributed power supply are not in phase and are not synchronized, these powers overlap. As a result, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the current and voltage are distorted and the load does not operate normally.

(C2. Opening / closing operation of switch 410)
The opening / closing operation of the switch 410 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10, 12, and 4. FIG. 12 is a diagram for describing the switching operation of switch 410 and control relays 310, 311, 312, and 313 according to the second embodiment.

  First, the switching operation when the current state (initial state) of the main contact 48 of the switch 410 is in the OFF state (FIG. 12: No. 1 to No. 4) will be described. In this case, the initial state of the auxiliary break contact 322 is ON.

  When power is supplied to the wiring 61 from a state where power is not supplied to the primary side (wiring 61) of the switch 11, and from the secondary side of the switch 11 to the wiring 62 by a distributed power source or the like. When power is not supplied (FIG. 12: No. 1), the operation coil 318 is not excited and the break contact 314 is turned on. At this time, the operation coil 319 is excited by receiving electric power via the wires 61 and 63 and the control relay 310, and the make contact 315 is turned on. In addition, since the operation coil 320 is excited by receiving electric power from the wiring 63 and the break contact 316 is turned off, the operation coil 321 is not excited and the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned off. That is, the controller 20 receives power supply via the wiring 63. Since the closing coil 46 is excited by the power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, the main contact 48 is turned on. Electric charges are accumulated in the capacitor 73 through the connection terminal 81, the diode 71, and the resistor 72. At this time, since the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is in the OFF state, the electric charge of the capacitor 73 is charged. The varistor 74 adjusts the voltage so that a voltage higher than necessary is not applied to the capacitor 73.

  Further, when power is not supplied to the wiring 61 and when power is supplied to the wiring 62 (from a state where power is not supplied to the wiring 62) (FIG. 12: No. 2), The operation coil 318 is excited by receiving electric power from the wiring 325 and the break contact 314 is turned off. Therefore, the operation coil 319 is not excited and the make contact 315 is turned off. Further, since the operation coil 320 is not excited, the break contact 316 is turned on. Therefore, the operation coil 321 is excited by the power received via the wiring 62, and the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned on after a predetermined time. Become. Further, when the main contact 45 of the communication relay 420 is OFF, that is, the auxiliary break contact 330 is ON, power is supplied from the wiring 66 to the controller 20 via the terminal 331, the auxiliary break contact 330, and the terminal 332. The In this case, since the input coil 46 is excited by the power via the connection terminal 81, the connection terminal 82, and the ON signal wiring 64, the main contact 48 is turned on after a predetermined time has passed, and the electric charge is transferred to the capacitor 73. Charged.

  When power is supplied to the wiring 61 and power is supplied to the wiring 62 (FIG. 12: No. 3), the operation coil 318 is excited by receiving power from the wiring 325, Since the break contact 314 is turned off, the operation coil 319 is not excited and the make contact 315 is turned off. Further, since the operation coil 320 is excited by the electric power received via the wiring 61, the break contact 316 is turned off, so that the operation coil 321 is not excited and the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned off. That is, the controller 20 is not supplied with power from either the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 410. Therefore, the instantaneous operation time limit return break contact 86 is closed when a certain time T2 elapses after receiving no power supply. When the instantaneous operation time return break contact 86 is closed after a certain time has elapsed, the power charged in the capacitor 73 is discharged through the connection terminal 83 and the OFF signal wiring 65. The main contact 48 is energized and maintains the OFF state. Here, when power is supplied to the wiring 66 (that is, when power is supplied from the secondary side), the power is supplied to the wiring 63 because the system switch 400 opens. However, even if power is supplied to the wiring 63, the switch 410 is configured to open.

  Further, when power is not supplied to the wiring 61 and power is not supplied to the wiring 62 (FIG. 12: No. 4), the operation coil 318 is not excited and the break contact 314 is turned on. However, since the power is not supplied to the wiring 61, the operation coil 319 is not excited and the make contact 315 is turned off. In addition, the operation coil 320 is not excited and the break contact 316 is turned on. However, since no electric power is supplied to the wiring 62, the operation coil 321 is not excited and the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned off. Therefore, since the controller 20 does not receive power supply, the main contact 48 maintains an OFF state.

  Next, the switching operation when the initial state of the main contact 48 of the switch 410 is in the ON state (FIG. 12: No. 5 to 7) will be described. In this case, the initial state of the auxiliary break contact 322 is OFF. In this case, since the system power supply and the distributed power supply operate in synchronization, the charge of the distributed power supply and the power outage state coincide with the charge of the low voltage system 3 and the power outage state. Therefore, when the main contact 48 of the switch 410 is in the ON state, both the primary side and the secondary side of the switch 410 are in a charged state (a state where power is supplied), or both the primary side and the secondary side of the switch 410 are out of power. There are two types of states (states where no power is supplied).

  First, when power is supplied to the wiring 61 and when power is supplied to the wiring 62 (FIG. 12: No. 5), and when power is supplied to the wiring 61, and When power is supplied to the wiring 62 (FIG. 12: No. 6), the operation coil 318 is not excited and the break contact 314 is turned on, and the make contact 315 is turned on by the power from the wiring 61. . Further, since the operation coil 320 is excited by the electric power received via the wiring 61 and the break contact 316 is turned off, the operation coil 321 is not excited and the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned off. Since the controller 20 receives power supply via the wiring 63, the ON state of the main contact 48 is maintained.

  When power is not supplied to the wiring 61 and power is not supplied to the wiring 62 (FIG. 12: No. 7), the operation coil 318 is not excited and the break contact 314 is turned on. However, since no electric power is supplied to the wiring 61, the make contact 315 is turned off. In addition, since the operation coil 320 is not excited, the break contact 316 is turned on, but the electric power is not supplied to the wiring 61, so that the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 is turned off. That is, the controller 20 does not receive power supply from either the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 410, and the main contact 48 maintains the OFF state.

  From the above, when the initial state of the switch 410 is in the OFF state (the main contact 48 is in the OFF state), the controller 20 selects either the primary side (wiring 61) or the secondary side (wiring 62) of the switch 410. When the electric power is supplied to the switch 410, the switch 410 is closed, and when the electric power is supplied to the primary side and the secondary side of the switch 410, the open state of the switch 410 is maintained. When the initial state of the switch 410 is the ON state (the main contact 48 is in the ON state), the controller 20 is configured to supply power to at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the switch 410. The closed state of the switch 410 is maintained. Regardless of the initial state of the switch 410 (whether it is ON or OFF), the controller 20 is not supplied with power from either the primary side or the secondary side of the switch 400. In this case, the switch 410 is opened.

  According to the switching operation, the switch 410 is in an OFF state in the initial state, and the primary power supplied from the low-voltage system 3 and the secondary power supplied from the distributed power source are not synchronized. Sometimes, if power is supplied to the secondary side, the switch 410 does not close (does not turn on). Therefore, when the power of the primary side supplied from the low-voltage system 3 and the power of the secondary side supplied from the distributed power supply are not in phase and are not synchronized, currents are generated by overlapping these powers, A situation in which the voltage is distorted and the load does not operate normally can be avoided.

  In addition, since the wiring 66 and the wiring 63 are configured to be connectable via the auxiliary break contact 330 of the communication relay 420, the auxiliary break contact 330 is in the ON state (the main contact 45 is in the OFF state), that is, If the main contact 42 of the system switch 400 is not in the OFF state, power is not supplied from the secondary side of the switch 410. Therefore, it is possible to more surely avoid the state of synchronization mismatch between the power of the primary system power supply and the power of the secondary distributed power supply.

  Further, the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 can be controlled so that a fixed time elapses after the supply of electric power and the circuit is closed. Therefore, the power is supplied first from the distributed power source connected to the master type power conditioner 17A, and after a while, the distributed power source connected to the slave type power conditioner 17C is synchronized with the distributed power source. Power can be supplied from the mold power source. In this case, the time until the switch 410A connected to the customer 100A including the master type power conditioner 17A is turned from the OFF state to the ON state is connected to the customer 100C including the slave type power conditioner 17C. It is set to be shorter than the relevant time of the switch 410C. Specifically, the time until the timed operation instantaneous return make contact 317 corresponding to the switch 410A is supplied with electric power and becomes a closed state is set to be shorter than the time corresponding to the switch 410C. The

<D. System operation>
Here, the operation of power control system 1100 including switchgear 600 according to the second embodiment will be described.

  “Operation during normal operation” and “operation from power failure to power recovery” in power control system 1100 according to the second embodiment are the same as those of power control system 1000 according to the above-described first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. The explanation will not be repeated. Here, “operation at power failure” in power control system 1100 according to the second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation during a power failure in power control system 1100 including switchgear 600 according to the second embodiment.

  In the processes of steps S204, S206, and S208 to S216, the system switch 4 and the switch 11 in the processes of steps S104, S106, and S108 to S116 (FIG. 6) are replaced with the system switch 400 and the switch 410, respectively. The detailed description will not be repeated. That is, the operation at the time of a power failure in the power control system 1100 is substantially different from the operation at the time of a power failure in the power control system 1000 in that it has a process of step S207 between the process of step S206 and the process of step S208. .

  In step S207, the monitoring server 6 issues a circuit opening command to the communication relay 420. The communication relay 420 is provided with a battery (not shown) in the vicinity thereof, and can operate even during a power failure.

<E. Effects of the embodiment>
According to the second embodiment, the following effects are further obtained.

  When the power supplied from the system power supply (primary side) and the power supplied from the distributed power supply (secondary side) are not synchronized, the load does not operate normally due to the overlap of these powers. Can be prevented.

  It is possible to reliably avoid the state of synchronization mismatch between the power of the primary system power supply and the secondary distributed power supply.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  1 high voltage system, 2 pole transformer, 3 low voltage system, 4,400 system switch, 5,420 communication relay, 6 monitoring server, 7 communication line, 8 communication slave station, 9 wireless server, 10, 20 controller, 11,410 Switch, 12 Smart meter, 13 Load, 14 Solar power generation device, 15 Storage battery, 16 Electric vehicle, 17 Power conditioner, 40, 43, 46 Input coil, 41, 44, 47 Trip coil, 42, 45, 48 main contact, 51, 52, 53, 61, 62, 63, 66, 67 wiring, 54, 56, 64 ON signal wiring, 55, 57, 65 OFF signal wiring, 71 diode, 72 resistance, 73 capacitor, 74 Varistor, 81, 82, 83 Connection terminal, 86 Instantaneous operation time-return break contact, 100 Customer, 200, 210 220, 300, 310, 311, 312, 313 Control relay, 201, 211, 221 contact, 202, 212, 222, 302, 318, 319, 320, 321 Operating coil, 301, 314, 316 Break contact, 303, 322 , 330 Auxiliary break contact, 315 Make contact, 317 Timed operation instantaneous return make contact, 500, 600 Switchgear, 1000, 1100 Power control system.

Claims (15)

A switchgear used in a power control system including a high voltage system, a low voltage system connected to the high voltage system via a transformer, and a customer connected to the low voltage system,
A first switch connected between the transformer and the low-voltage system;
And have you to the first switch, when receiving the power supply from the primary side corresponding to the transformer side, autonomously first of the high-pressure system to switch by closing operation and with said low pressure line When connected and not receiving power supply from the primary side of the first switch, the first switch is autonomously opened to perform a control to shut off the high voltage system and the low voltage system A first controller;
A second switch connected between the low-voltage system and the consumer;
In the second switch, when receiving power supply from the secondary side corresponding to the primary side or the customer side, the second switch is autonomously closed to operate the low-voltage system and the demand. The low-voltage system by connecting the house and autonomously opening the second switch when the power is not supplied from either the primary side or the secondary side of the second switch. And a second controller for performing control to shut off the consumer . The second switch includes a first coil for closing the contact, and a second coil for opening the contact,
The second controller includes a capacitor and a relay having a break contact;
The second controller is
When power is supplied from the primary side or the secondary side of the second switch, the first coil is excited by the power to close the contact, and the capacitor is charged with the power. ,
When power is not supplied from the primary side or the secondary side of the second switch, the second coil is excited by discharging the power charged in the capacitor via the relay. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the contact is opened. The first switch includes a first coil for closing a contact and a second coil for opening the contact;
The first controller includes a capacitor and a relay having a break contact;
The first controller includes:
When receiving power supply from the primary side of the first switch, the first coil is excited with the power to close the contact, and the capacitor is charged with the power,
When no power is supplied from the primary side of the first switch, the power charged in the capacitor is discharged via the relay to excite the second coil to open the contact. The switchgear according to claim 1 or claim 2 . 4. The switchgear according to claim 2 , wherein the relay opens the break contact instantaneously when electric power is supplied, and closes the break contact after a certain time delay when electric power is not supplied. 5. The switchgear according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second switches includes a mechanical latch electromagnetic switch. The first controller includes:
Power is supplied to the primary side of the first switch and power is supplied to the secondary side of the first switch when the first switch is in an open circuit state. If not, close the first switch,
When the first switch is in an open state and power is supplied to the secondary side of the first switch, the open state of the first switch is Maintain,
When the first switch is in a closed state and power is supplied to the primary side of the first switch, the closed state of the first switch is maintained. And
The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein when the power is not supplied to the primary side of the first switch, the first switch is opened. A connection control relay provided between the primary side of the first switch and the first controller;
The connection control relay cuts off the primary side of the first switch and the first controller when receiving power supplied from the secondary side of the first switch, when not receiving electric power supplied from the secondary side of the first switch, which connects the primary side of the first switch and the first controller, any one of claims 1 to 6 The switchgear according to item 1. The second controller is
In the case where the second switch is in an open circuit state and power is supplied to either the primary side or the secondary side of the second switch, the second switch Close the switch of the
In the case where the second switch is in an open circuit state and power is supplied to the primary side and the secondary side of the second switch, the second switch Maintaining the open circuit,
When the second switch is in a closed state and power is supplied to at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the first switch, the second switch Maintaining the closed state of the switch,
When the second of the power to the primary side and the secondary side of the switch is not supplied, the first switch is open operation, in any one of claims 1 to 7 The switchgear described. A first control relay provided between the primary side of the second switch and the second controller;
A second control relay provided between the first control relay and the second controller;
A third control relay provided between the secondary side of the second switch and the second controller;
A fourth control relay provided between the third control relay and the second controller;
The first control relay connects the primary side of the second switch and the second control relay when not receiving electric power supplied from the secondary side of the second switch. Let
When the second control relay receives power supplied from the primary side of the second switch via the first control relay, the second control relay and the first side of the second switch 2 controller,
When the third control relay receives power supplied from the primary side of the second switch, the third control relay connects the secondary side of the second switch and the fourth control relay. ,
When the fourth control relay receives power supplied from the secondary side of the second switch via the third control relay, the fourth control relay and the secondary side of the second switch The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the switchgear is connected to the second controller. The switchgear according to claim 9 , wherein the fourth control relay performs a closing operation with a certain time delay when electric power is supplied, and instantaneously opens when the electric power is not supplied. A power control system including a high voltage system, a low voltage system connected to the high voltage system via a transformer, and a plurality of consumers connected to the low voltage system,
At least one of the plurality of consumers has a distributed power source that is grid-connected to the low-voltage system,
The power control system includes:
A first switch connected between the transformer and the low-voltage system;
And have you to the first switch, when receiving the power supply from the primary side corresponding to the transformer side, autonomously first of the high-pressure system to switch by closing operation and with said low pressure line When connected and not receiving power supply from the primary side of the first switch, the first switch is autonomously opened to perform a control to shut off the high voltage system and the low voltage system A first controller;
A second switch connected between the before and SL low pressure systems the customer,
Prior Symbol second switch, when receiving the power supply from the secondary side corresponding to the primary side or the customer side, and autonomously said second of said low pressure systems a switch by closing operation the When the power supply is connected to a consumer and no power is supplied from either the primary side or the secondary side of the second switch, the second switch is autonomously opened to operate the low pressure A power control system comprising: a second controller that performs control to shut off a system and the customer . A third switch for connecting or disconnecting the transformer and the first controller;
The third switch connects the transformer and the first controller in response to a closing command from an external device, and the transformer and the first switch in response to an opening command from the external device. The power control system according to claim 11 , wherein the controller is disconnected from the controller. The first controller is configured to switch the first switch when the high-voltage system is restored and when the third switch connects the transformer and the first controller. The power control system according to claim 12 , wherein the high-voltage system and the low-voltage system are connected by a closed circuit operation. 14. The electric power according to claim 12 , wherein a break contact included in the third switch is provided between the secondary side of the second switch and the second controller. Control system. The distributed power source includes a solar power generator,
The power control system according to any one of claims 11 to 14 , wherein the consumer having the distributed power source includes a power conditioner that controls electric power supplied from the distributed power source.

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