JP6090678B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus, and more particularly to a garbage disposal apparatus that decomposes and liquefies garbage with microorganisms.

  Today, from food processing factories, restaurants or school lunch centers, etc., every day, scraps from vegetables, seafood, fruits, cereals, meats, confectionery, etc., or leftovers left by customers at restaurants, etc. A large amount of garbage is discharged, and some are incinerated as general waste, while others are recycled and used as fertilizer.

  The present applicant has developed a garbage processing apparatus called a food processing residue decomposing apparatus that can process such garbage and generate compost for reuse, and has obtained a patent for the invention ( Patent Document 1) below. The present invention relates to a food processing residue decomposing apparatus that generates compost by decomposing and reducing food processing residues by fermentation of microorganisms, and has a specific configuration having an inlet for food processing residues and containing microorganisms inside. An agitation tank into which the food processing residue is charged and filled together with a large number of particles to be supported; an agitation mechanism that is disposed inside the agitation tank and agitates the food processing residue and the granular material; Heating means for heating the inside, and air conditioning means for venting the outside air inside the agitation tank, wherein the granular material is made of activated alumina and formed into a porous substantially spherical shape having a large number of pores, The outer surface of the granular material is formed as a fine uneven surface throughout.

  This food processing residue decomposing device has been used for many years by installing it in school lunch centers and food processing factories. However, compost generation devices are difficult to handle such as the scattering of dry compost, There are problems such as the trouble of taking out and storing or the bad odor caused by moisture evacuation and exhaust. Recently, water is added with garbage, microbially decomposes in a liquefied state, diluted with water to reduce viscosity, and drained at the bottom of the stirring tank with water. Although there is a structure installed as a liquefaction decomposition discharge from the hole, several improvements were found in this residue decomposition unit.

  One of these is that when sticky sticky materials such as leftovers and rice cakes are mixed into the food waste to be treated, these are the layers (hereinafter referred to as paste) or cocoon-like layers deposited on the drainage holes during stirring (hereinafter referred to as “paste”). This is also referred to as a paste layer. This paste layer closes the drain hole and causes clogging, which causes a failure of the residue decomposing apparatus. In other words, when sticky sticky materials such as leftovers and potatoes are mixed in the food waste, these form a paste layer during stirring, block the drainage holes, and the decomposition liquid is not discharged outside the stirring tank. The agitation tank is filled with decomposition liquid or water, and the garbage processor cannot be used. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to constantly monitor the operating status of the residue decomposing device, detect clogging of drain holes by the paste layer, etc., temporarily stop the residue decomposing device, and remove the paste layer. . However, it is difficult and troublesome to continue this monitoring all the time, and once the interior is filled with the decomposition solution, if you try to return it to normal, it will be a manual operation that cannot be done by an amateur, and you must ask the manufacturer. I must. However, the removal work is not easy and difficult, and costs are generated. Further, since the operation of the residue decomposition apparatus is stopped, the operation rate of the residue decomposition apparatus is lowered. This improvement is indispensable because it causes trouble of the residue decomposing apparatus and requires time and expense to separately dispose of the garbage to be thrown in until the residue decomposing apparatus is restored.

  Others are filled with a large number of particles carrying microorganisms in the stirring tank, and these particles are sandwiched between the tip of the stirring bar and the drain hole plate during the stirring of the garbage. It is to be crushed. In other words, in order to stir a large number of granular materials all over the stirring tank and reduce the clogging of the drain holes mentioned above, the stirring bar may be rotated close to the inner wall of the stirring tank. A large number of granules are sandwiched between the stirrer and the inner wall surface of the stirring tank, and are crushed finely. In this crushing process, if the garbage processing proceeds again and the volume of the garbage in the agitation tank is reduced, the clogging is likely to occur because the amount of garbage that had previously been buffering is reduced. When the granular material is crushed, the amount of the granular material released from the drainage hole is reduced and the amount of the granular material in the agitation tank is reduced. This causes a decrease in the propagation of microorganisms and the processing efficiency is drastically reduced. For this reason, it is necessary to replenish the particles carrying microorganisms into the stirring tank, which increases the running cost. Therefore, the distance between the tip of the stirring bar and the drainage hole plate is set so that the particles are not crushed. I have to take it. However, as this distance increases, drainage holes are likely to become clogged, so improvements are needed.

  In the above food processing residue decomposing apparatus, the above improvements (problems) were found, that is, problems such as clogging of drain holes and crushing of particulates carrying microorganisms. It has been pointed out that they already have similar problems, and solutions have been proposed.

  First, drainage clogging can be solved by mixing small pieces of rope or fiber mats into the treatment tank (Patent Document 2 below), or a stirring member having a special structure. There are those that scrape the paste layer deposited on (Patent Document 3 below), and those that load the core material into the treatment tank and circulate this to prevent clogging of the slit (Patent Document 4 below). .

  Among these, the garbage processing machine described in the following Patent Document 2 is filled with rice husks in an amount corresponding to the garbage in advance in the treatment tank, and further mixed with a fibrous mass in this manner. Is agitated. This fibrous mass is either or both of a rope piece made of a piece of rope that has been prevented from being loosened, and a fiber mat piece. When this fibrous mass is mixed into the treatment tank, the fibrous mass is agitated with the garbage and rice husk in the kneading cylinder by the rotating action of the stirring blade, and the garbage attached to the arc-shaped breathable bottom plate, etc. Moves while abutting against the fibrous mass. Along with this movement, the fibrous mass rubs the upper surface of the arc-shaped breathable bottom plate to clean the upper surface of the arc-shaped breathable bottom plate, so that the clogging of the arc-shaped breathable bottom plate is eliminated.

  Moreover, the garbage processing apparatus described in the following Patent Document 3 uses a stirring member having a special structure, and while stirring the microorganism carrier and the garbage with this stirring member, the microorganism carrier in the vicinity of the water hole of the punching metal. And scrapes garbage. The stirring member has a tangent line of the rotation locus circle at the tip thereof as a reference line, the reference line, a front end portion on the front side in the turning direction, and a rear side in the turning direction from the front end portion. A scraping portion having an angle of more than 10 ° and less than 60 ° formed with a line segment connecting the rear portion of the head is provided.

  Moreover, the garbage processing apparatus of the following patent document 4 is an apparatus which makes garbage garbage composting, and uses the core material which has a shape which does not adhere to garbage processing material while having elasticity in a processing tank as garbage processing material. The mixture is mixed and loaded into the treatment tank to prevent the garbage treatment material from sticking to the corner of the inner wall of the treatment tank or the moisture content sensor, and also to prevent clogging of the slit. In addition to the garbage processing machines described in Patent Documents 2 to 4, there is also known a garbage processing apparatus in which an elastic stirring blade is attached to the end of the stirring arm (Patent Document 5 below). .

  Moreover, what eliminates the crushing of a granular material is proposed by the garbage processing apparatus described in the following patent document 6. FIG. This garbage disposal apparatus is composed of a porous inorganic ball on which bacteria are deposited and a vertical container having an upper lid that can accommodate garbage inside and that can be opened and closed at the upper end opening, and a basket provided in the lower part of the container. An inverted conical deflection guide plate, a vertical shaft that is vertically installed at the center of the container and rotated by a drive motor, and a drainer that is attached to this vertical shaft and rotates horizontally in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the lower end of the deflection guide plate A disc, a stirring device attached to the vertical shaft above the draining disc and stirring the porous inorganic balls and garbage by horizontal rotation, a cleaning device provided on the vertical shaft, and a drain formed on the bottom of the container And a mouth. According to this processing apparatus, the porous inorganic balls are not crushed, and the residue generated in the container can be automatically washed and removed, and the mixing property between the garbage and the porous inorganic balls is improved, and the garbage is The crushing effect is significantly improved.

      Japanese Patent No. 3001852

  According to the garbage processing machine and the processing apparatus described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, clogging of the pores of the arc-shaped vent bottom plate and the water vent of the punching metal is eliminated or reduced. However, in the garbage processing machine described in Patent Document 2, rice husks and fibrous masses are effective as microbial carriers, but there are problems in durability and the like to remove the paste layer on the drain hole. In other words, the fiber mass is protected against dislodgement, but it may be broken if the number of stirrings is increased. Become dust. When such dust is generated, there is a risk of clogging by clogging the pores of the arc-shaped vent bottom plate. In addition, this garbage disposal machine becomes an obstacle to garbage agitation because the sticky adhesive adhered to the inner wall of the agitation tank, the agitation mechanism, etc. during the agitation treatment of the garbage, is an obstacle to garbage agitation. Not. Furthermore, this garbage processing machine does not have a structure that can treat garbage using ceramic balls instead of rice husks.

  Moreover, since the garbage processing apparatus of the said patent document 3 uses the stirring member of a special structure, it cannot respond by modification of the existing garbage processing apparatus, but becomes a new garbage processing apparatus. For this reason, users are forced to purchase a new garbage disposal device. In addition, this treatment equipment has become a hindrance to garbage mixing because the sticky material that has become trapped during the stirring of garbage adheres to the inner wall of the stirring tank and the stirring mechanism, but this measure has not been taken. .

  Furthermore, the garbage processing apparatus described in Patent Document 4 below is an apparatus for drying and treating garbage by sucking and exhausting the garbage into the treatment tank at the time of garbage treatment. Although it prevents the treated material from sticking to it, it is necessary for the garbage to be dried, so that the dried garbage will be extremely hard and the core material must be of a special shape. It cannot be prevented and cannot be removed. For this reason, the core material is a special one having a substantially S-shape as a whole and having protruding edges at both ends. Of course, the structure is not such that the paste layer deposited in the slit can be removed.

  There is also a garbage disposal device (Patent Document 5) with an elastic stirring blade attached to the end of the stirring arm. However, the stirring blade is fatigued by the stirring of the garbage, and as a result, the elasticity is reduced. There is a risk that it will lose its function. Of course, this treatment apparatus also becomes an obstacle to garbage agitation because the sticky material that has become trapped during the agitation of garbage adheres to the inner wall of the agitation tank, the agitation mechanism, etc., but this measure is not taken at all. Moreover, according to the garbage disposal apparatus described in Patent Document 6, the porous inorganic balls are not crushed, but the type differs from the garbage disposal apparatus described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, It cannot be handled by modifying the garbage disposal device, and it becomes a different type of garbage disposal device. For this reason, users are forced to purchase a new garbage disposal device.

  Therefore, the inventors examined solutions proposed for conventional garbage processing devices, etc., and these solutions were applied to the garbage processing devices developed by the applicant and the same type of processing devices. After confirming that this was not possible, and in a device that decomposes and liquefies garbage with microorganisms, we searched for an improvement measure suitable for this garbage device. It has been found that the problem can be solved by mixing elastic lumps having a predetermined size due to the relationship between the microorganism carrier and the stirring mechanism and the gap between the drain holes, and based on this, the present invention has been completed. is there.

  The purpose of the present invention is to clog the drainage holes in the agitation tank due to the formation of a paste layer during the treatment of food waste mixed with sticky viscous materials such as leftover rice and rice cakes. It is providing the garbage processing apparatus which prevents this.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus capable of efficiently wiping away a paste layer deposited on a drain hole easily and inexpensively.

In order to achieve the above object, the garbage processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises an agitation tank provided with a drain hole through which garbage is introduced, the garbage is decomposed and liquefied by microorganisms and discharged to the outside. A water supply device for supplying water to the agitation tank, and an agitation arm provided with an agitation blade at the end of the rotation shaft fixed to the rotation axis rotatably in the agitation tank and provided with an agitation blade at the end. A stirring mechanism that stirs the waste, and puts the garbage into the stirring tank, puts water from the water supply device, decomposes the garbage with microorganisms, dilutes it with water, and dilutes with water to reduce the viscosity. In the garbage processing device for discharging to the outside from the drain hole,
In the agitation tank, a plurality of microorganism carriers and a plurality of elastic masses that contact and move the deposits of the paste layer deposited on the drain holes are mixed, and the agitation blades and the waste water are mixed. G 3 is the gap between the holes, D _{1 is} the size of the drainage hole, D ₂ is the size of the microorganism carrier, D ₃ is the size of the elastic mass, and these relationships are D ₃ ≧ G> D It characterized that it is _{2> D 1.}

A garbage disposal apparatus according to a second aspect is the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the elastic lump comprises at least four or more polyhedrons, cylinders, cones, or spheres. the maximum length and width dimension as the D _3, wherein D ₃ is characterized that it is equal to or greater than the said gap G. The elastic mass is preferably formed by cutting and crushing old tires.

  A garbage disposal apparatus according to a third aspect is the garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of the first and second aspects, wherein a flexible blade is fixed to the stirring blade by a detachable fixing means. It is characterized by. In addition, it is preferable to form the flexible blade body by, for example, cutting and crushing an old tire.

The garbage disposal apparatus according to the first aspect includes an agitation tank provided with a drain hole for decomposing and liquefying the garbage and discharging it to the outside, a water supply device for supplying water to the agitation tank, and a rotatable inside the agitation tank An agitation mechanism for agitating the garbage with an agitation arm provided with an agitation blade at the end extending to the vicinity of the drainage hole on the rotating shaft fixed to the agitator, and throwing the garbage into the agitation tank, This is a garbage treatment device that puts water from the water supply device, decomposes and liquefies the garbage with microorganisms, dilutes it with water and discharges it to the outside through the drainage hole as a decomposed water having a reduced viscosity. The treatment apparatus mixes a plurality of microorganism carriers and a plurality of elastic masses that contact and move in the paste layer formed on the drainage holes in the agitation tank, and between the agitation blades and the drainage holes. D _1, said microorganism G, the size of the drain holes the gap The magnitude D ₂ of the _carrier, as the size D ₃ of said elastic mass was by these relationships _{D 3 ≧ G> D 2>} D 1, the viscous product is sticky like leftover food and potatoes It is possible to prevent the drainage hole from being clogged by the paste layer generated when the garbage containing garbage is treated.

  In the garbage disposal apparatus according to the second aspect, the elastic mass is composed of at least four or more polyhedrons, cylinders or spheres, and the longest length and width of the largest surface are equal to or greater than the gap G. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate clogging by moving the paste layer formed on the drainage hole to the other side by using the surface having the longest length. In addition, the elastic lump can be wiped off the paste layer formed on the drain hole easily, safely and inexpensively by forming the lump by cutting and crushing old tires, for example.

  In the garbage disposal apparatus of the third aspect, the flexible blade is fixed to the stirring blade by a detachable fixing means, so that the paste layer formed on the drainage hole plate can be removed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and cut | disconnected the stirring tank in the vertical direction in the direction orthogonal to the horizontal rotating shaft. It is the schematic perspective view which looked at the stirring tank which comprises the garbage processing apparatus of FIG. 1 from another angle. It is the expansion perspective view which expanded the bottom part of the stirring tank of FIG. 1, FIG. FIG. 4A is an enlarged perspective view showing a garbage stirring state in which the bottom of the stirring tank in FIGS. 1 and 2 is enlarged, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged perspective view in which the stirring mechanism in FIG. 4A is moved. 5A is a side view before the paste layer deposited in the drainage hole is moved to another side, FIG. 5B is a side view at the start of movement, and FIG. 5C is a side view in which the movement further proceeds. It is the schematic which showed the porous inorganic ball | bowl from which the size thrown in in the stirring tank of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 differs. 7A is a sectional view of the porous inorganic ball of FIG. 6 divided in half, and FIG. 7B is a partial sectional view showing a part of FIG. 7A. FIG. 8A is a perspective view schematically illustrating a conventional ball pile, and FIG. 8B is a schematic perspective view of a ball pile according to the embodiment. 9A is a side sectional view of an automobile tire, FIG. 9B is an aggregate of tire fragments obtained by cutting and crushing the used tire of FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a perspective view of one elastic lump selected from the aggregate of FIG. 9B. FIG. The garbage processing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown, and it is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut | disconnected the stirring tank in the direction orthogonal to the horizontal rotating shaft, and cut | disconnected in the vertical direction. 11A is a schematic view of the stirring mechanism of FIG. 10, and FIG. 11B is an enlarged perspective view of the stirring blade of FIG. 11A.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below exemplifies a garbage disposal apparatus for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and is not intended to specify the present invention. It is equally applicable to those of other embodiments within the scope.

[First Embodiment]
With reference to FIGS. 1-9, the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic longitudinal sectional view in which the agitation tank is in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal rotation axis and the treatment apparatus is cut in the longitudinal direction. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the stirring tank constituting the garbage disposal apparatus of FIG. 1 as seen from another angle.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the garbage processing apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is charged with a predetermined amount of garbage, which is decomposed and liquefied by microorganisms, An agitation tank 10 provided with a drain hole 13a for discharging the decomposed water diluted with water supply and having a reduced viscosity to the outside, and an end extending to the vicinity of the drain hole 13a on a horizontal rotating shaft 21 rotatably fixed in the agitation tank The stirring arm 22 provided with a stirring blade 23 in the part is fixed, and a stirring mechanism 20 for stirring the garbage is provided.

The agitation tank 10 is in contact with a plurality of microorganism carriers 30 supporting microorganisms therein and a paste layer 50 formed on the drain hole 13a, and moves the paste layer to the other to allow water to pass through the drain hole. are mixed pieces of elastic mass was 40, these are the gap between the stirring blade 23 drain hole 13a G, drain holes D ₁ the size of the _13a, D ₂ the size of the microbial support _30, the elastic mass when the size of the object 40 and the _{D 3,} these relations is in _{D 3 ≧ G> D 2>} D 1 ( see FIG. 3). The agitation tank 10 includes a plurality of auxiliary facilities, for example, a water supply device for supplying water into the agitation tank 10, a heating device for heating and keeping the agitation tank, a motor 19 for operating the agitation mechanism 20, and A control device for controlling these is provided. These ancillary facilities are not shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the microorganism carrier 30 will be described using an example in which a porous inorganic ball is used.
In this garbage disposal apparatus 1, the stirring tank 10 and the auxiliary device A are supported by a frame (not shown), and the periphery is covered with a case cover (not shown).
Hereinafter, individual members constituting the garbage disposal apparatus will be described in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the agitation tank 10 includes a substantially rectangular bottom plate 11a having a predetermined shape and area, four peripheral side plates 11b to 11e standing up relatively high from the four sides of the bottom plate, A relatively deep box-shaped tank body 11 having an opening 11f of a predetermined size formed therein and having a space 11g of a predetermined size therein, and the opening 11f of the tank body can be freely opened and closed. And a lid body 16 that is closed.
The tank body 11 is formed by integral molding or bonding using plate materials having a predetermined thickness for the bottom plate 11a and the peripheral side plates 11b to 11e. The plate material is preferably a metal plate material. The bottom plate 11a has a substantially semi-elliptical vertical cross-sectional shape, has a relatively large area, and extends from the front of FIG. Since the bottom plate 11a has a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape, the gap G with the stirring blade 23 of the stirring mechanism 20 can be easily maintained substantially constant and the stirring arm 22 can be smoothly rotated. .

Further, the bottom plate 11a is formed with a bottom plate hole 12 having a relatively large opening penetrating the bottom plate at a part thereof, which is slightly leftward in FIG. The opening of the bottom plate hole 12 is closed by a drain hole plate 13 provided with a plurality of drain holes 13a.
The drainage hole plate 13 has an area larger than the opening of the bottom plate hole 12, and a plurality of drainage holes 13a are arranged at predetermined intervals. The drainage hole plate 13 is made of a metal plate and is preferably a stainless steel plate having a predetermined thickness. The plurality of drain holes 13a are regularly arranged at predetermined intervals, and their sizes and shapes may be arbitrary (for example, circular, elliptical, polygonal, etc.), but porous inorganic materials described later The ball 30 is sized so as not to fall off during stirring. That is, the size D _1, if the hole shape is circular, elliptical, etc. polygonal shape, since the porous inorganic material ball 30 is sized to not fall out during agitation, longer than the bore length and width dimension ing. For example, if the hole is circular, D ₁ is the diameter. The drain hole 13a is sized to allow the decomposition water to pass through.

  The bottom plate 11a is provided with a storage tank 14 for temporarily storing decomposed water on the outer wall provided with the bottom plate hole 12. A drain pipe 15 is connected to the storage tank 14, and the decomposed water accumulated in the storage tank 14 is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 15. This decomposed water is reused as liquid fertilizer or discharged into sewage.

  The bottom plate 11a is provided with a heating means 17 for heating and keeping the inside of the stirring tank 10 at a predetermined temperature on the outer wall thereof. This heating and holding temperature is generally in the range of 15 to 50 ° C. This heating means 17 uses a well-known thing. In addition, the stirring tank 10 may be heated and kept warm by directly attaching the far-infrared heater to the lid in addition to the heating means, and directly heating and heating the garbage in the stirring tank.

The stirring tank 10 has a water supply device and a stirring mechanism 20 installed therein. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stirring mechanism 20 includes a horizontal rotating shaft 21 that is rotatably fixed in the tank body 11, and a plurality of stirring arms 22 that are fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft 21. , And a stirring blade 23 fixed to the tips of these stirring arms. The horizontal rotating shaft 21 is made of a metal rod-shaped body having a predetermined thickness and length, and is positioned substantially horizontally between the opposing peripheral plates 11d and 11e and is rotatably fixed. The horizontal rotation shaft 21 is rotationally driven by a motor 19 provided outside the tank body 11. That is, the horizontal rotating shaft 21 is rotated by the motor 19 with a pulley coupled to the outside of the tank body and an arbitrary transmission mechanism 18 such as a chain suspended between the pulley and the motor. Further, the plurality of stirring arms 22 are made of rod-shaped bodies having a predetermined thickness and length, and are alternately changed in directions in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal rotation shaft 21 at predetermined intervals to be predetermined toward the inner wall of the tank. The length is extended. Further, the stirring blade 23 is formed of a relatively thick and short plate-like or rod-like body, and is at the tip of each stirring arm 22 and in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal rotation shaft 21 and at a predetermined angle ( (For example, 10 to 20 degrees) is fixed while being inclined, and is fixed with a gap G substantially parallel to the surface of the drainage hole plate 13 of the tank body 11. In addition, it is preferable that the stirring blade 23 has a concavo-convex shape over the entire longitudinal direction so as to come into strong contact with the fine concavo-convex surface of the porous inorganic ball 30 when rotating. The stirring blade 23 is made of a metal material or a synthetic resin material. Gap G is set to at least the porous inorganic material ball 30 corresponding to three or more, i.e. more than three times the diameter D ₂ of the inorganic ball. The gap G is adjusted by the length of the stirring arm 22 and the size of the stirring blade 23 or the shape of the stirring blade 23.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the lid body 16 is formed by a fixed lid 16 a that closes a part of the opening 11 f and a movable lid 16 b that opens and closes other openings (injecting garbage etc.). Yes. The lid 16 is provided with a sealing means (not shown) so that odors and the like do not leak to the outside during the garbage treatment.

  In the garbage disposal apparatus 1, an incidental facility A is disposed around the stirring tank 10. This incidental equipment is, for example, a water supply device A1 for supplying water into the stirring treatment device 1, a heating device for heating and keeping warm, a motor 19 for operating the stirring mechanism 20, and a control device (not shown) for controlling them. Yes. These are supported by a frame (not shown), and the periphery is covered with a case cover (not shown). Since these incidental facilities A and their functions and functions are well known in existing devices, detailed description thereof will be omitted. The water supply device A1 is connected to a water supply source and supplies a predetermined amount of water to the stirring tank at a predetermined timing.

  A predetermined amount of the porous inorganic balls 30 and the elastic lump 40 are put into the stirring tank 10.

  First, the porous inorganic ball 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 is a schematic view showing porous inorganic balls of different sizes to be put into the stirring tanks of FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 7A is a sectional view of the porous inorganic balls of FIG. FIG. 8A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG. 7A, FIG. 8A is a perspective view schematically illustrating a conventional ball crest, and FIG. 8B is a schematic perspective view of the ball crest of the embodiment.

  A porous inorganic ball (hereinafter also simply referred to as a ball) 30 is made of a substantially spherical body of a porous inorganic material, carries a microorganism, becomes a habitat for the microorganism, and propagates the microorganism while also producing garbage. Is formed of ceramic of a predetermined size. If the ball size is reduced, the breaking strength increases, but the crushing performance of garbage decreases, and if it is increased, the breaking strength decreases, and the sintering temperature and time are increased. Therefore, the diameter (diameter) is preferably in the range of 5 mm to 50 mm. All of these are large enough not to fall from the drain hole 13a during stirring, and are smaller than the elastic lump 40. In addition, at the time of garbage disposal, two or more kinds of balls having different ball diameters within the above size range are thrown into the agitation tank 10 during the garbage treatment. This point will be described later.

  Since the ball 30 is formed into a porous substantially spherical shape having a large number of continuous holes, it is possible to prevent the ball from being affected by biodegradation based on the fermentation action of microorganisms and to be crushed during stirring. In addition, since the function of microbial growth by the ball can be maintained, the fermentation effect of the microorganism can be maintained and a high volume reduction rate can be realized. In addition, because it is easy to separate from garbage, the decomposed water can be discharged to the outside of the agitation tank, and it is not necessary to replenish balls regularly, thus reducing running costs.

  These many holes are formed in a continuous state so as to ensure water absorption, for example. In addition, if the hole size is increased, it becomes brittle and is crushed during stirring, and if there is no hole, the garbage cannot be decomposed. In order to form a porous material having a large number of pores, the surface of the ball 30 is in a state suitable for aerobic microorganisms when the temperature inside the stirring vessel 10 is maintained at 15 to 50 ° C. by the heating means. The inside of the ball 30 is in a state suitable for anaerobic microorganisms. Further, during the decomposition, the aerobic microorganism activity and the anaerobic microorganism activity can be smoothly changed by the ball 30 and a high decomposition rate can be realized. Inside the ball 30. Since it is anaerobic nitrification, the generation of malodor can be suppressed.

Also, the ball 30 is formed on the fine irregularities 30 ₁ over the entire outer surface, for example. Thus, achieving a dispersion of stress, it is possible to prevent the ball milled during agitation, also, to be uniformly deposited raw waste became fine irregular surface 30 ₁ of the ball 30 and the paste layer in the early stages of decomposition And a high volume reduction rate can be realized. In addition, the water generated by crushing and the surface of the ball come into contact with air, and biodegradation by fermentation of microorganisms is promoted, so a high decomposition rate can be realized. In addition, the frictional resistance is increased and the stress is dispersed to reduce crushing during stirring. That is, the stirring blade 23 and the ball 30 come into strong contact with each other, and the garbage is crushed in a short time. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a pretreatment device such as a pulverizer or a chopper. Further, the elastic lump 40 also assists the operation of crushing (crushing) the garbage, that is, the synergistic action with the balls 30 further shortens the crushing time of the garbage.

  At the time of garbage disposal, two or more kinds of balls having different ball diameters are introduced into the agitation tank 10 in the above-mentioned size range. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the ball 30 uses, for example, a large ball 30a having a diameter in the range of 15 to 30 mm and a small ball 30b having a diameter in the range of 5 to 14 mm.

Incidentally, the ball 30 has been sized D ₂ a relationship between the gap G, the D ₂ has a diameter of the large-size ball 30c.

  These two or more kinds of balls are mixed and mixed in the stirring tank 10 at a predetermined ratio, for example, 50%. When balls are thrown into the agitation tank 10, these balls are piled up during the agitation to form a substantially pyramidal ball crest. Since these ball piles are approximately the same size in the prior art, these balls are neatly piled up and become solid (FIG. 8A), whereas in different sizes of embodiments, they are difficult to pile up and piled up. Becomes unstable and easily collapses (FIG. 8B). In this state, if the stirring blades 23 of the stirring mechanism collide with these ball piles during stirring, the solid ball piles do not collapse easily, so that excessive stress is applied to the stacked balls, resulting in crushing. End up. However, ball piles of different sizes are easily collapsed, and the ball is not overstressed and crushing is suppressed. The ball size types and classifications are not limited to the above ranges.

As described above, the microorganism carrier 30 has been described with an example using a porous inorganic ball. However, this carrier may be a non-porous inorganic ball as well as a porous inorganic ball, and other materials may be used. Also good. Examples of other material carriers include those made of natural materials such as rice husk, sawdust, wood chips, or plastic materials. Of course, these materials bearing member, respectively those described above are used, but the size D _2. In order to make this size, each material corresponds to the material and is processed into a predetermined shape, for example, a lump shape, a mat shape, or the like, if necessary. These processes are performed by mechanical and physical actions and adhesives.

The elastic lump 40 will be described with reference to FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of a partially cut automobile tire, FIG. 9B is a perspective view showing a large amount of crushed pieces obtained by cutting and crushing the used tire of FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a view from the tire crushed pieces of FIG. 9B. It is a perspective view of one elastic lump selected.
The elastic lump 40 is used as a buffer material for preventing clogging of the drain holes 13a by putting a predetermined amount into the agitation tank 10 and also preventing crushing of the porous inorganic balls 30. This removes the sticky matter adhering to the inner wall and the stirring mechanism 20.
In this embodiment, the elastic lump 40 is obtained by using a used old tire as a raw material, cutting and crushing it, and selecting an appropriate size. As shown in FIG. 9A, the general tire 41 for an automobile is composed entirely of a beat portion 41a, a sidewall portion 41b, a shoulder portion 41c, a tread portion 41d, etc., and the inside is a chafer 42, a beat wire 43, It is formed of a carcass 44, a stabilizer 45, a tread rubber 46, and the like. The radial tire has a belt embedded inside. Since such a tire is already known, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Such tires are consumables, and a large number of used tires (hereinafter also referred to as old tires) are generated today. These old tires are cut into a predetermined size, crushed and incinerated as industrial waste, but in the present embodiment, these are used as elastic lump and reused. When the old tire is cut and crushed, a large amount of crushed pieces (FIG. 9B) are generated, but these are in an indefinite size and shape.

  When one of these crushed pieces is observed, it forms a polyhedron, and most of them are hexahedrons, but the hexahedrons a to f (FIG. 9C) are irregular in size, and they are Is flat, uneven, jagged, etc., and has an indefinite shape. In FIG. 9C, among the six faces a to f, the facing two faces a and b have the largest area and have the longest length and width (maximum area), and the other facing faces c, d, e, and f have smaller areas than the two surfaces a and b. In addition to the hexahedrons, the shredded pieces include tetrahedrons (triangular pyramids), pentahedrons, and higher polyhedrons.

The elastic mass 40 is selected from these crushed pieces. This selection criterion is a hexahedron elastic mass as shown in FIG. 9C, which has the largest opposing faces a and b and has the longest length and width. For the relationship with the size D _{3 of} 40, the D ₃ having the longest length and the width length equal to or larger than the gap G is selected. This selection is performed by using a sieve having a mesh hole that allows the elastic mass of this shape to pass through.

  When a predetermined amount of the elastic lump of this size is mixed into the agitation tank 10, they are agitated together with the garbage, but cannot pass through the gap G and pass through the drain hole together with the agitation mechanism 20.

  The elastic lump 40 removes the pasty sticky material adhering to the inner wall of the stirring tank 10 and the stirring mechanism 20 and suppresses the crushing of the porous inorganic balls 30. That is, part of the elastic lump 40 floats on the surface of the garbage mountain during the garbage agitation process, and slides down the slope of the garbage mountain and reaches the inner wall surface of the agitation tank 10. The elastic lump 40 that has reached the inner wall surface is moved while abutting the inner wall surface as it is by the stirring mechanism 20, and garbage attached to or accumulated on the inner wall surface is wiped off from the inner wall surface (FIGS. 4 and 5). reference). By this wiping, the paste layer formed in the drain hole 13a is also moved to other places, so that the clogging of the drain hole 13a is eliminated and the decomposed water is discharged from the drain hole to the outside. The paste layer transported to other places is decomposed together with the garbage and becomes a decomposed liquid diluted with water supply and reduced in viscosity, and is discharged out of the drainage hole during this stirring. In addition, as the garbage treatment proceeds, the garbage in the agitation tank 10 decreases, and the porous inorganic balls 30 come into contact with and collide with each other. Crushing of the inorganic balls 30 is suppressed.

  The paste layer also adheres to the elastic lump 40, the ball 30 and the stirring mechanism 20. Among these, the elastic lump or / and the ball rub against each other for the adhesive lump attached to the elastic lump 40 or the ball 30. It peels off as soon as it fits, and even if the elastic lump and the ball become dumplings due to the sticky material, it is easily peeled off during stirring because it is a soft and brittle lump due to the water supplied. In addition, the thing adhering to the stirring mechanism is peeled off because the elastic lump or / and the ball collide with or contact the mechanism.

  The elastic lump 40 is formed of old tire fragments, so that it has the desired elasticity, but also wear resistance to withstand road friction, durability to withstand long distances, and various characteristics to withstand climatic conditions. Therefore, even if it is mixed and stirred in the garbage, it will not be damaged and the drainage hole plate will not be damaged. Furthermore, since waste materials are used, there is almost no cost and no harmful heavy metals are released.

The elastic lump 40 is not limited to a hexahedron, and the crushed pieces are tetrahedron, pentahedron and hexahedron or more, and those that can be used as elastic lump are tetrahedron and More than pentahedron, one or two sides have the maximum area, the longest length and the width (area) of the largest surface are the same as or longer than the gap G, and elastic The lump may be other shapes than the polyhedron, for example, a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, or a spherical shape. In the case of this shape, the largest surface is the same as or longer than G.
In the present embodiment, the used old tire is used as a raw material for the elastic lump 40, and the cut and crushed material is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Rubber or plastic may be used. Of course, it is desirable that these tires have characteristics such as wear resistance and durability like old tires.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described.
Open the movable lid 16b of the garbage processing device 1, put a predetermined amount of garbage into the stirring tank 10, add enough water from the water supply device A1, turn on the operation control panel, and activate the control device . The horizontal rotating shaft 21 that has received an instruction from the control device starts rotating at a predetermined speed. In addition, a predetermined amount of balls 30 and elastic lump 40 are filled in a predetermined ratio in the stirring tank 10 in advance. As the horizontal rotary shaft 21 rotates, the stirring arm 22 and the stirring blade 23 rotate. Since the stirring blade 23 is inclined at a predetermined angle, the garbage, the balls 30 and the elastic lump 40 in the stirring tank 10 are pushed back toward the drain hole plate 13 and back to the center of the stirring tank 10. While stirring.

  If the food waste contains sticky materials such as leftovers and potatoes, they become a paste during stirring, and this paste layer blocks the drainage holes. However, since the stirring tank 10 is filled with a predetermined amount of balls 30 and elastic lump 40 at a predetermined ratio, it is easily removed.

  That is, since the gap G between the stirring blade 23 and the drainage hole plate 13 is blocked by the largest surface of the elastic mass 40, it contacts the paste layer 50 deposited on the bottom of the stirring tank 10 and moves this layer to the other. (See FIGS. 4 and 5). That is, it contacts the drainage hole plate 13 provided on the bottom plate 11a. From this phenomenon, when the paste layer 50 is formed on the drainage hole plate 13, the paste layer 50 is always in contact with the paste layer 50 and moved by the stirring mechanism 20. . As a result, even if a sticky substance is accumulated in the drain hole 13a, it is moved to another place, so the clogging of the drain hole 13a is eliminated, and the decomposed water is discharged from the drain hole to the outside. The paste layer transported elsewhere is subdivided by microbial decomposition, diluted with water and reduced in viscosity, and discharged from the drainage hole during this stirring. Further, as the garbage treatment progresses, the garbage in the agitation tank 10 decreases, and the balls 30 come into contact with and collide with each other. At this time, the elastic lump 40 is interposed therebetween and becomes a cushioning material. Can be suppressed. When the garbage is agitated in the agitation tank, it is decomposed by microorganisms and becomes diluted water with reduced viscosity by the supplied water, passes through the drain hole of the drain hole plate, and is discharged to the outside.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 10, FIG. 11, the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. 10 shows a garbage disposal apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic longitudinal sectional view in which the stirring tank is cut in the longitudinal direction in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal rotation axis, and FIG. FIG. 11B is an enlarged perspective view of the stirring blade of FIG. 11A.

The garbage disposal apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment is different in part of the stirring mechanism of the garbage disposal apparatus 1 of the first embodiment and the other configurations are the same. The description of the waste disposal apparatus 1 is omitted with reference to the description, and a different configuration will be described.
This garbage disposal apparatus 1A includes a stirring mechanism 20A, and a blade body 24 that is bent and deformed is attached to a stirring blade 23A of the stirring mechanism. The blade body 24 is formed in a tongue-like piece having substantially the same width as the stirring blade 23A, a predetermined thickness, and a predetermined short length, and is fixed to the stirring blade 23A by a detachable fixing means. As this fixing means, a known one is used, for example, a bolt and nut. In addition, the blade body 47 is preferably formed so that the tongue tip of the tongue-shaped piece is thin and easily deformed. The blade body 24 is formed of a synthetic resin or a rubber material, but is preferably formed of an old tire similar to the elastic lump 40.

  According to the garbage processing apparatus 1A of the second embodiment, it is possible to remove the sticky matter attached to the drainage hole plate 13 that is difficult to remove by the garbage apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. That is, since the blade body 24 which is bent and deformed is attached to the stirring blade 23A, the sticky matter deposited or adhered on the drainage hole plate 13 can be removed using the blade body 24 in addition to the removal with the elastic lump. In addition, since the blade body 24 bends and deforms even when it comes into contact with the inner wall of the agitation tank 10, the inner wall is not damaged.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A Garbage disposal apparatus 10,10A Stirrer tank 11 Tank main body 11a Bottom plate 12 Bottom plate hole 13 Drainage hole plate 13a Drainage hole 20, 20A Stirring mechanism 21 Horizontal rotating shaft 22 Stirring arm 23, 23A Stirring blade 24 Flexible blade 30, 30a, 30b Porous inorganic ball (microorganism carrier)
40 Elastic mass 50 Paste layer A Attached equipment A1 Water supply device

Claims (3)

An agitation tank provided with a drain hole through which raw garbage is introduced, which is decomposed and liquefied by microorganisms and discharged to the outside, a water supply device for supplying water to the agitation tank, and a fixed rotation in the agitation tank A stirring mechanism that is fixed to a rotating shaft that extends to the vicinity of the drainage hole and that has a stirring blade provided at an end thereof to stir the garbage, and throws the garbage into the stirring tank, In the garbage processing apparatus, the garbage is decomposed and liquefied by microorganisms, and water is added from the water supply apparatus and discharged as decomposition water to the outside from the drain hole.
In the agitation tank, a plurality of microorganism carriers and a plurality of elastic masses that contact and move the deposits of the paste layer deposited on the drain holes are mixed, and the agitation blades and the waste water are mixed. G 3 is the gap between the holes, D _{1 is} the size of the drainage hole, D ₂ is the size of the microorganism carrier, D ₃ is the size of the elastic mass, and these relationships are D ₃ ≧ G> D _2> garbage disposal apparatus according to claim that it is D _1. The elastic lump comprises a polyhedron having at least four faces, a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, or a spherical lump, and the longest length and the width of the maximum surface are D _3, and D ₃ is the gap G and The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the garbage disposal apparatus is the same or more.       3. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a flexible blade is fixed to the stirring blade by a detachable fixing means.

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