JP6083487B1 - Underwater arrangement structure for underwater structure and underwater transport method - Google Patents

Abstract

An underwater arrangement structure for a structure for underwater structures and a method for transporting the same, which can be transported underwater efficiently and safely. A structure 10 that constitutes or reinforces part or all of an underwater structure is formed underwater by a buoyancy body 20, a weight 50, an adjustment means 40 that adjusts the distance between the structure 10 and the buoyancy body 20, and the like. Put in neutral buoyancy. Further, the structure 10 is transported underwater in a neutral buoyancy state. [Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure (hereinafter referred to as “underwater structure”) that constitutes or reinforces part or all of a submerged portion (hereinafter referred to as “underwater structure”) of structures installed in a water area such as a pier, a dolphin, and a pier. The present invention relates to a method for transporting a structure for objects ”or“ structure ”in some cases. In this method, among the existing structures in the water area, a plurality of structures such as reinforcing beams for reinforcing a structure whose upper part is supported by a plurality of piles whose lower ends are embedded in the underwater ground. This is particularly useful when transporting underwater to near a single pile.

  As a method of conveying the structure for reinforcing the underwater structure underwater, as shown in FIG. 28, the structure A (strut member 4), the plurality of buoyancy bodies B (floaters 6), the structure A, and the plurality of structures A method of towing an underwater arrangement structure D having an attachment member C for connecting a single buoyancy body B while floating the structure A in the water near the water surface L (see paragraphs 0011 to 0013 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 3). ), A structure A (upper structure 4), a plurality of buoyancy bodies B (floating bodies 13), and a mounting member C (brace 7) for connecting the structure A and the plurality of buoyancy bodies B. There is known a method of transferring a plurality of buoyancy bodies B while suspending the structure A underwater while the structure A is suspended in the water without submerging each buoyancy body B as a whole (Patent Document 2). (See paragraph 0040, FIG. 3).

JP 2008-223384 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-217952

  However, in either method, the buoyant body attached to the structure is partially submerged (half-submerged) below the surface of the water, and the structure is transported underwater while the remaining part is floated on the surface of the water. It is easily affected by fluctuations near the water surface, the underwater posture of the structure is likely to be unstable, and the efficiency of the transfer work is likely to be reduced.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for transporting a structure for reinforcing an underwater structure underwater efficiently and safely.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an underwater arrangement structure of a structure constituting a part or all of an underwater structure, wherein the structure is arranged underwater, a plurality of buoyancy bodies, and a plurality of attachment members. Each of the plurality of attachment members connects each of the plurality of buoyancy bodies and the structure, and each of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is a whole thereof. Is submerged together with the mounting member, and the structure is characterized by being in a neutral buoyancy state in water.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the attachment member includes an adjusting means for adjusting a distance between at least one of the plurality of buoyant bodies and the structure. The underwater posture of the structure is adjustable by the adjusting means, and at least one top of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is located above the top of the remaining plurality of buoyancy bodies. It has the characteristic in being.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 2, a weight attached to the structure is provided.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of weights, and at least one of the plurality of weights is adjusted by adjusting a distance between the structures. It is characterized by a heel that can be placed on the bottom of the water.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the structure includes at least two partition portions, and the adjacent partition portions are connected by a hinge mechanism. The rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is characterized in that it is adjusted to be vertical or substantially vertical.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the invention, the structure is acted on by performing at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage on the inside of the structure. It is characterized by having a buoyancy adjusting device for adjusting the buoyancy.

  The invention according to claim 7 is an underwater transport method of a structure for constituting a part or all of the underwater structure, the first step of preparing the structure, and A second step of attaching an adjustment means for adjusting the posture and a weight and a buoyancy body; and the structure is set to a neutral buoyancy state in water by the adjustment means and the weight and the buoyancy body; And a third step of conveying the structure in water underwater.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein the first step is manufactured at a factory separated from a work site where the structure is transported underwater. Then, the method has a step of transporting to the work site.

  The invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second step is submerged by a step of immersing the structure in water with a crane and maintaining the submerged state. Attaching the adjusting means, the weight and the buoyancy body to the structure.

  The invention according to claim 10 is the invention according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second step includes at least one of the adjusting means, the weight, and the buoyancy body before the structure is submerged. And a step of attaching the rest to the structure after being submerged in water.

  An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the invention according to any one of the seventh to tenth aspects, wherein the buoyancy body is a plurality of buoyancy bodies, and the third step is one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies. It has the characteristic in having the process of conveying the said structure in water in the state where it arrange | positioned in the position where the top part of a remainder is lower than the top part of a part.

  A twelfth aspect of the invention is the invention according to any one of the seventh to eleventh aspects, wherein the weight is a plurality of weights, and the third step is a start time, a process time, and an end time of the execution. At least one of the plurality of weights has a step of landing at least one of the plurality of weights on the bottom of the water.

  The invention according to claim 13 is the invention according to any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein the third step includes at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage with respect to the inside of the structure. It has the characteristic in having a buoyancy adjustment process which adjusts the buoyancy which acts on the said structure by performing one.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the seventh to thirteenth aspects, the third step includes a step of transporting the structure close to the underwater structure, and the underwater structure. A step of drawing the structure transported close to the underwater structure side in a neutral buoyancy state, and releasing the neutral buoyancy state of the structure drawn to the underwater structure side And a step of attaching to the structure.

  The invention according to claim 15 is an underwater transport method for a structure constituting a part or all of an underwater structure, wherein each of a plurality of buoyant bodies attached to the structure by an attachment member is attached to the structure. A step of setting the structure in a neutral buoyancy state in water by immersing the structure until it is submerged together with a member; and a weight and the plurality of buoyancy bodies in the structure in a neutral buoyancy state in water A state in which the buoyancy body different from the above is attached, and the structure to which the weight and the other buoyancy body are attached is suspended from the other buoyancy body in water without immersing the whole of the other buoyancy body. And a step of transporting the structure in a state suspended from the other buoyant body in water without submerging the entire other buoyant body in water. It is.

  A sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the invention according to any one of the seventh to fifteenth aspects, wherein the structure includes at least two partition portions, and the adjacent partition portions are connected by a hinge mechanism. The rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is characterized in that it is adjusted to be vertical or substantially vertical.

  In the present invention, the meaning or interpretation of the following terms is as follows.

  The “neutral buoyancy state” refers to a state in which an object does not lift or sink in water.

  The “buoyancy body” refers to an object that generates high buoyancy, and typical examples thereof include a resin foam and a resin hollow sealed body. One buoyancy body may be one lump such as a resin foam or a resin hollow sealed body, or may be a lump of lump that behaves as one lump.

  “Weight” refers to an object that is added to increase the weight of the structure or to change the weight distribution, regardless of the shape or how it is attached to the structure (for example, whether to hang down the structure). Absent.

  “Attaching member” refers to a member for attaching a buoyant body, a weight, or the like to a structure, and typical examples thereof are a wire rope, a metal rod, and a chain.

  “Adjustment means” refers to devices, instruments and other means having a function (including a function of changing and fixing) of adjusting the distance between the structure and the buoyancy body, and typical examples thereof include rope work, lever hoist, It is a chain block. The distance between the structure and the buoyancy body may be referred to as the “mounting depth” of the buoyancy body.

  “Attachment” or “attachment” means that an object is installed or mounted on another object, and that an object is installed or mounted directly on another object as well as other articles. Indirect installation, installation, and the like on the other object via this also fall under this category.

  “Conveying” or “conveying” means moving a certain object by ship, human power, etc. When the structure is lifted by a crane (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 2), a crane torch This also applies to the movement of the structure by turning.

  “Water surface” refers to the surface of water that forms a boundary with the atmosphere. The “water” in that case may be any water such as fresh water, brackish water, lake water, seawater, and stored water.

  “Changes in or near the water surface” means, for example, (1) changes in the surface of a dam lake due to rainfall, water discharge, etc., (2) changes in the river surface of a downstream river due to rainfall or dam discharge upstream, (3) Sea level fluctuations caused by changes in tide levels and waves.

  In the present invention, the structure for an underwater structure does not float near the surface of the water due to the levitation force of the buoyancy body, and is not suspended in the water by the buoyancy body, and does not float or sink in the water (that is, Therefore, the structure can be transported smoothly underwater, and accidents are less likely to occur. Therefore, according to the present invention (particularly, the first and seventh aspects of the present invention), the structure for underwater structures can be transported underwater efficiently and safely.

  In addition, when the structure for underwater structure is transported underwater, if the structure is in a neutral buoyancy state, it can be transported underwater with a relatively small driving force. It is also possible to carry out underwater conveyance by human power (for example, by winding a rope tied to the structure with a manual winch). Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of a driving device necessary for underwater conveyance of the structure, and in some cases, it is possible to realize underwater conveyance of the structure by human power of a diving worker.

  Moreover, each form of this invention has the following effects.

  In the second embodiment of the present invention, since at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is submerged together with the structure, the adverse effects of fluctuations near the water surface or near the water surface do not reach all buoyancy bodies. Underwater posture is less likely to become unstable. In addition, since the adjusting means for adjusting the mounting depth of at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is attached to the structure, adjustment for realizing a neutral buoyancy state of the structure in water is easy. Thus, setting, adjustment, maintenance, etc. of the underwater posture of the structure becomes easy. Moreover, the underwater depth of the structure can be changed according to tide levels such as high tide and low tide. It is also possible to change the structure in a neutral buoyancy state to a more desirable underwater posture after being transported underwater to a target location. Therefore, according to this 2nd form, the structure for underwater structures suitable for performing an underwater conveyance work efficiently and safely is realizable.

  In the third embodiment of the present invention, a vertically downward force (sinking force G described later) for sinking the structure can be increased by the action of the weight, so that the structure is set in a neutral buoyancy state in water. The degree of freedom of adjustment for doing so increases. Therefore, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to realize a structure for an underwater structure suitable for performing an underwater transport operation more efficiently and safely.

  If a plurality of weights are attached to the structure, the settling force G acting on the structure and its distribution can be adjusted by setting the weight, number, installation position, etc. of the weights. It is possible to increase the degree of freedom of adjustment for setting the buoyancy state and adjustment of the underwater posture.

  In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, since a plurality of weights are provided, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of adjustment for setting the structure to a neutral buoyancy state in water and adjustment of the underwater posture. A structure for an underwater structure suitable for performing an underwater conveyance work efficiently and safely can be realized. In addition, at least one of the plurality of weights has the function of a heel, and the structure can be moored in water with the buoyancy of the heel in a neutral buoyancy state. Even if an underwater transport operation of a structure or other subsequent work performed using the structure is suspended due to the adverse effects of fluctuations on or near the surface of the water, it can be performed in a shorter period of time after the adverse effects disappear. You can resume your work. Therefore, according to the fourth embodiment, as a whole, the work of setting, adjusting and maintaining the neutral buoyancy state and the underwater posture of the structure in water, the work of transporting the structure in water and the subsequent work It is possible to realize a structure for an underwater structure that can be efficiently performed and finished.

  The structure for an underwater structure has at least two compartments, the adjacent compartments are connected to each other by a hinge mechanism, and the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is vertical or substantially vertical. When it is adjusted, it is not easy to perform an operation of rotating one of the adjacent partition portions around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism with respect to the other in water. In particular, when the weight of the structure is larger than that of a human or the size of the structure is not so different from that of a human, the work is considerably difficult.

  However, when the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is adjusted to be vertical or substantially vertical, that is, according to the fifth configuration of the present invention, the operation can be performed relatively easily. This effect is particularly beneficial when the underwater structure structure can reinforce the underwater structure because of the configuration in which adjacent partition portions are connected by a hinge mechanism.

  In the case where the structure for an underwater structure has a configuration in which the axis of rotation of the hinge mechanism included in the structure is vertical or substantially vertical by keeping the longitudinal direction horizontal, the present invention In the fifth embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the structure may be adjusted to be horizontal.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the buoyancy acting on the structure, and hence the levitation force F, can be adjusted by the buoyancy adjustment device, which can contribute to the realization of a neutral buoyancy state of the structure in water. . Also, depending on the shape, number, distribution, etc. of the internal space of the structure that is at least one of water supply, drainage, supply and exhaust by the buoyancy adjustment device, the distribution of buoyancy acting on the structure by the buoyancy adjustment device, As a result, since the distribution of the levitation force F can be adjusted, it is possible to contribute to the setting, adjustment, and maintenance of the underwater posture of the structure.

  In addition, according to the sixth embodiment, the number of weights and / or buoyant bodies that should be necessary for realizing the neutral buoyancy state without the buoyancy adjusting device can be reduced, and thus the structures thereof. It can reduce the labor of installation work. The ability to reduce the load of attaching a weight to a structure in water (especially the work of a diving worker) is beneficial in actual work.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, an adjusting means for adjusting the underwater posture and a weight and a buoyancy body are attached to the structure, and the structure is adjusted by the adjusting means while adjusting the underwater posture. Since the neutral buoyancy state can be maintained, the underwater posture of the structure can be easily adjusted and maintained, the work efficiency can be improved, and a safe underwater conveyance method of the structure can be realized. This method is necessary when adjustment for realizing a neutral buoyancy state of the structure in water and setting, adjustment, maintenance, etc. of the structure in water are required (for example, when the structure is transported underwater). When it is necessary to reduce the resistance of water by keeping the longitudinal direction of the structure horizontal, the underwater posture of the structure suitable for the construction work or reinforcement work of the underwater structure following the underwater transportation of the structure was considered. When it is preferable to keep the underwater posture of the structure constant), or when it is necessary to change the underwater depth of the structure according to the tide level such as high tide or low tide (for example, regardless of the tide level, the structure Is particularly effective or beneficial when it is necessary to bring it close to, retract or attach to a particular location in the underwater structure.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since at least a part of the structure for underwater structures can be so-called prefabricated, the quality of the structure can be further improved, field work can be saved, and the field work environment can be improved. It is possible to realize an underwater transport method for a structure that enables improvement, shortening the construction period of underwater structure construction work or reinforcement work, and cost reduction.

  According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, after the structure is submerged by the crane and held in the submerged state, the adjusting means, the weight, and the buoyant body are attached to the submerged structure. Preparatory work required to set the placed structure to a neutral buoyancy state in water can be completed efficiently or in a short time, and finally the work structure is efficient and safe. A conveyance method can be realized.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, at least one of the adjusting means, the weight, and the buoyancy body is attached to the structure body before being submerged, and the rest is attached to the structure body after being submerged. The work necessary to set the buoyancy state in the water to a neutral buoyancy state can be completed more efficiently or in a shorter time, and finally, a work structure with good work efficiency and a safe underwater transport method is realized. can do.

  Note that it is relatively labor intensive to perform the work of attaching the weight after the structure is submerged, which is one of the causes of a reduction in work efficiency. Therefore, when the weight and installation location of the weight attached to the structure are known in advance, it is preferable to attach the weight before the structure is submerged in the eleventh embodiment as compared with the tenth embodiment. .

  According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the structure is placed underwater in a state where the top of the remaining part has a lower water level than the top of some of the buoyancy bodies attached to the structure. Since it is transported, the adverse effects of fluctuations at or near the water surface do not affect all buoyant bodies, reducing the instability of the underwater posture of the structure, and therefore improving the work efficiency and safe underwater transportation of the structure. A method can be realized.

  According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in at least one of a plurality of weights for underwater conveyance of the structure, the structure is sunk by landing at least one of the plurality of weights on the bottom of the water. The underwater posture of the structure can be changed, thereby finely adjusting the underwater posture of the structure and maintaining the desired posture, so that the work structure can be more efficiently and safely transported underwater. Can do.

  According to each of the twelfth and thirteenth embodiments, the underwater posture of the structure can be kept more accurately and constant, so that the construction work or reinforcement work for the underwater structure that continues after the structure is transported in water. Thus, a suitable underwater transport method for the structure can be realized.

  According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the buoyancy of the structure itself can be adjusted by the buoyancy adjustment step, which can contribute to the realization of a neutral buoyancy state of the structure in water. Further, according to this embodiment, if there is no buoyancy adjustment step, the number of weights and / or buoyancy bodies that should be necessary to realize the neutral buoyancy state is reduced, and as a result, the attachment work to those structures Can be reduced, that is, the load of the second step can be reduced. The ability to reduce the second step is particularly beneficial in actual work.

  According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the structure transported close to the underwater structure is pulled toward the underwater structure while being in a neutral buoyancy state. It is possible to reduce the labor of guiding the structure to a specific position of the structure (particularly, the mounting position of the structure).

  Note that when the neutral buoyancy state is released slowly and the neutral buoyancy state is gradually released, the structure is less likely to cause a rapid positional change than when the structure is released suddenly. . On the other hand, when buoyancy adjustment is performed using a buoyancy adjustment device, since at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage is performed on the inside of the structure, it is easy to control and the neutral buoyancy state of the structure is released. It is also easy to set the speed at a small value. Therefore, in the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, when the buoyancy adjustment is performed using the buoyancy adjustment device and the neutral buoyancy state of the structure is gradually released, the position of the structure is unlikely to change rapidly. As a result, an operator (particularly a diving worker) can more safely perform construction work or reinforcement work for an underwater structure using the structure.

It is a principle explanatory view of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the structural example of a buoyancy adjustment apparatus. It is a front view of the 1st Example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of this invention. It is a top view of the 1st example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of the present invention. It is a front view of an example of a buoyancy body in the 1st example. It is a top view of an example of a buoyancy body in the 1st example. It is a front view of the 2nd Example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of this invention. It is a top view of the 2nd example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of the present invention. It is a front view of the 3rd Example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of this invention. It is a front view of the 4th example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of the present invention. It is a front view of the 5th example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a top view of the 5th example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a front view of the 5th example (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a top view of the 5th example (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a front view of the 6th example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a top view of the 6th example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a front view of the 6th example (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is a top view of the 6th example (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S1-S5 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of the pillar which comprises an underwater structure. It is explanatory drawing of process S5 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S6 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S7 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S8 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S9 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of process S10 of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of the other underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures. It is explanatory drawing of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of patent document 1, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view. It is explanatory drawing of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures of patent document 2. FIG.

  Embodiments or examples of the present invention will be described below to describe the present invention in detail. At that time, the description will be made with reference to the charts as necessary, but the same parts or corresponding or common parts in each chart will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of the description will be omitted. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described in the drawings.

<Basic concept of underwater structure for underwater structure>
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of an underwater arrangement structure for a structure for underwater structures according to the present invention.

  (1) In the underwater arrangement structure 1, a structure 10 for constituting or reinforcing part or all of an underwater structure (not shown) is placed in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Therefore, the structure 10 does not float near the water surface L, is not suspended in the water by the buoyancy body 20, does not float toward the water surface L, and sinks toward the bottom BWW (not shown). There is nothing. Therefore, not only the underwater conveyance preparation work including the adjustment of the underwater posture but also the underwater conveyance work itself can be easily performed on the structure 10. If the structure 10 is relatively small, it is also possible to carry the structure 10 underwater with the help of a diving operator. Therefore, generally, the underwater conveyance work is smoothed, the work efficiency is improved, and the work becomes safe. This is particularly true in that it is possible to reduce the time required for the operator's diving work and to reduce the physical burden in cases where underwater work is required by the worker when performing underwater transport or preparation thereof. It is beneficial.

  (2) The neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water includes two forces acting on the structure 10, that is, a force that causes the structure 10 to float from the water toward the water surface L (levitation force F), and the water surface L. Realized by making the force (sinking force G) to sink from the water to the water or the bottom BW (not shown) equal (F = G) or substantially equal (substantially F = G) To do.

  The levitation force F is often the sum of buoyancy and other vertically upward forces acting directly or indirectly on the structure 10. A typical example of buoyancy that acts directly on the structure 10 is buoyancy derived from the structure itself, and a typical example of buoyancy that acts indirectly on the structure 10 is at least one buoyancy body attached to the structure 10. The buoyancy that acts on the The buoyancy acting on the structure 10 due to the gas confined inside the structure 10 corresponds to both buoyancy acting directly on the structure 10 and indirectly acting on the structure 10 depending on the viewpoint. The upward pulling force by a transporting machine such as a crane or other pulling means and the force of the rising water flow acting on the structure 10 (if there is a rising water flow) correspond to other vertically upward forces.

  The settling force G is often the sum of gravity and other vertically downward forces acting directly or indirectly on the structure 10. A typical example of gravity acting directly on the structure 10 is the gravity corresponding to the weight of the structure 10, and a typical example of gravity acting indirectly on the structure 10 is at least one weight attached to the structure 10. Gravity acting. The holding force generated by the anchor attached to the structure 10 biting into the bottom BW (not shown) and the force of the downward tide that acts on the structure 10 (if there is a downward water flow) Corresponds to a vertically downward force.

  In theory, the buoyancy acting on each of the weight, the heel and others attached to the structure 10 with the attachment member and the attachment member itself can also constitute the levitation force F. However, the realistic contribution to the levitation force F is The gravity acting on the buoyancy body attached to the structure 10 by the attachment member or the gravity acting on the attachment member itself can constitute the settling force G, but the actual contribution to the settling force G is small.

  (3) A buoyant body having a smaller buoyancy acting when the whole is submerged (totally submerged) is referred to as a smaller buoyant body, and the opposite buoyant body is referred to as a larger buoyant body. The larger the size is, the larger the buoyancy acting on one buoyancy body becomes. Therefore, the buoyancy close to the required levitation force F can be secured with a smaller number, but the buoyancy equal to or close to the levitation force F can be adjusted. It becomes difficult. If one extra buoyant body is attached to the structure 10 in order to secure the levitation force F, the excess of the resulting buoyancy will also increase, so a larger or heavier weight will be added to counteract the excess. Since it must be attached to the structure 10, the efficiency of the underwater conveyance work of the structure 10 and its preparation work falls.

  (4) On the other hand, the smaller the buoyancy body, the smaller the buoyancy acting on one buoyancy body. Therefore, it becomes easier to adjust the buoyancy to be equal to or close to the required levitation force F, but more numbers. You will have to prepare a buoyant body. However, even if one extra buoyant body is attached to the structure 10 in order to secure the levitation force F, the excess of the buoyancy caused by the buoyancy does not become so large, so to cancel the excess There is no need to attach more or greater weight weights to the structure 10.

  Therefore, a larger buoyancy body and a smaller buoyancy body are combined and attached to the structure, the buoyancy close to the levitation force F is secured by the former, and the buoyancy equal to or closer to the levitation force F is adjusted by the latter. . According to this combination of buoyancy bodies, the desired levitation force F can be easily set, and fewer weights are required to set the settling force G equal to or substantially equal to the levitation force F. Or since it can be completed with a smaller weight, it is possible to avoid a decrease in the efficiency of the underwater conveyance work of the structure and its preparation work.

  (5) When a large buoyancy body and a smaller buoyancy body are combined and attached to the structure, the small buoyancy body can be arranged between the large buoyancy bodies adjacent to each other. The group of buoyant bodies on the water surface L is not bulky as a whole and becomes compact.

  In addition, if the smaller buoyant bodies are arranged so as to be submerged, the smaller buoyant bodies can be arranged under the large buoyant bodies, so that the three-dimensional arrangement of the group of buoyant bodies is not bulky as a whole. It becomes compact. In these cases, contact between the group of buoyant bodies and the objects existing around the structure is unlikely to occur, so that the structure 10 can be transported underwater and prepared smoothly, improving work efficiency and safety. Can be increased.

  (6) When the adjusting means for adjusting the distance (mounting depth) between the structure 10 and the buoyant body is provided, if the mounting depth of the buoyant body is changed by the adjusting means, Until the death, if the distance between the buoyancy body and the structure 10 changes, the levitation force F also changes somewhat. The degree of the change varies depending on the number of buoyancy bodies attached to the structure 10, the number of buoyancy bodies whose attachment depth is changed by the adjusting means, and the like. In addition, when a plurality of buoyancy bodies are attached to the structure 10, if only the attachment depth of a specific buoyancy body is changed by the adjustment means, the number of other buoyancy bodies that have not changed the attachment depth The underwater posture of the structure 10 slightly changes according to the difference and the relationship with the attachment position of each buoyancy body.

  Therefore, the levitation force F can be finely adjusted by changing the mounting depth of the buoyancy body by the adjusting means, and the desired levitation force F can be finely adjusted. The buoyancy state can be set more accurately. In addition, since the underwater posture of the structure 10 can be finely adjusted by the adjusting means, the structure 10 can be transported underwater and prepared more smoothly, and work efficiency and safety can be further improved.

  Fine adjustment of the underwater posture of the structure 10 by the adjusting means is particularly beneficial when the underwater posture of the structure 10 needs to be adjusted more strictly.

  In general, when the levitation force F is balanced with the settling force G, the main part of the levitation force F is set by a larger buoyancy body, and most of the remainder is set by a smaller buoyancy body, and the remaining part is adjusted. It is reasonable and preferable to set and maintain the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water by fine adjustment by means. In addition, when adjusting the underwater posture of the structure 10, the number of large buoyancy bodies that bear the main part of the levitation force F and the number of small buoyancy bodies that bear the majority of the remainder, the mounting position, etc. are set appropriately. For example, if the weight distribution of the structure 10 is uniform, large and small buoyancy bodies are arranged as symmetrically as possible as shown in FIG. 3 in a plan view viewed from vertically above toward the water surface L) In addition, it is reasonable and preferable to finely adjust the underwater posture by the adjusting means.

  In addition, when carrying out underwater conveyance of the structure 10 using a large-sized, medium-sized, and small buoyancy body, the main part of the levitation force F is set with a larger buoyancy body, and most of the remainder is a medium-sized buoyancy body. Accordingly, it is more preferable to set and maintain the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water by further setting the remaining portion with a small buoyancy body and finely adjusting the further remaining portion with the adjusting means. Also, when adjusting the underwater posture of the structure 10, the number of large, medium and small buoyant bodies that bear the main part of the levitation force F, the mounting position, etc. are set appropriately, and then the underwater posture is adjusted by the adjusting means. It is more preferable to finely adjust the value.

  (7) The buoyancy adjusting device 90 is a device that adjusts the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 by performing at least one of water supply, drainage, air supply, and exhaust to the inside of the structure 10. The buoyancy adjusting device 90 passively supplies water to the inside of the structure 10 by passively exhausting water from the inside by actively supplying water to the inside of the structure 10 or actively exhausting from the inside, for example. Function, passively draining from the interior by actively supplying air to the interior, or passively supplying air to the interior by actively draining from the interior, or both of these functions It is an apparatus having at least one of a water supply mechanism, a drainage mechanism, an air supply mechanism, and a drainage mechanism in a range necessary for fulfilling these functions.

  According to the buoyancy adjusting device, the balance of the levitation force F and the levitation force F and the settling force G is adjusted through fluctuations in buoyancy acting on the structure 10, so that the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and desirable It can contribute to the realization of the underwater posture. In addition, when the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 is increased by the buoyancy adjusting device 90, the buoyancy body can be made smaller (with a smaller buoyancy) by the amount that the levitation force F is relatively increased. In many cases, the number of attachments can be reduced. Further, when the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 is reduced by the buoyancy adjusting device 90, the weight can be made smaller (the weight is smaller) by the relative increase in the settling force G. In many cases, the number of attachments can be reduced. Therefore, the buoyancy adjustment device contributes to the reduction of the load (particularly the load of the diving worker) for attaching the buoyancy body and the weight.

  (8) The shape, number, distribution, and the like of the internal space of the structure 10 affect the buoyancy acting on the structure 10, and hence the size and distribution of the levitation force F, and thus the underwater posture of the structure 10. Paying attention to the influence and the buoyancy that is known at the design stage of the structure 10 and that the size and distribution of the levitation force F and thus the levitation force F can be predicted, If at least one of the drainage, air supply, and exhaust adjustment is actively used, the underwater posture of the structure 10 can be adjusted.

<Example of the underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures>
(Overview)
The underwater arrangement structure 1 for a structure for an underwater structure includes a structure 10 and one or more buoyancy bodies 20.

  The buoyancy body 20 is attached to the structure 10 using the attachment member 30. In that case, an adjustment means 40 for adjusting the attachment depth of the buoyancy body 20 may be attached to the attachment member 30.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 may include a buoyancy adjusting device 90 for adjusting the buoyancy acting on one or a plurality of weights 50 and / or the structure 10. The weight 50 is attached to the structure 10 directly or using the attachment member 60.

  The weight 50 may be a ridge 80. In that case, a lifting / lowering device 70 for landing the weight 50 as a ridge 80 on the bottom of the water may be attached to the attachment member 60.

  The structure 10 may be divided into a plurality of partition portions. For example, adjacent partition portions may be connected via a hinge mechanism. In that case, the underwater posture is adjusted so that the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is in a substantially vertical direction.

(Buoyancy adjustment device)
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration example of the buoyancy adjusting device 90.

  The buoyancy adjusting device 90 is a device that adjusts the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 by performing at least one of water supply, drainage, air supply, and exhaust to the inside of the structure 10. Here, the inside of the structure 10 specifically means the internal space 91 defined by the outer shell of the structure 10 or an arbitrary partition 10X constituting the structure 10. The internal space 91 may be the space itself defined by the outer shell of the structure 10 or the partition portion 10X constituting the structure 10, and contains the gas and / or liquid attached to the inside of the structure 10. One or a plurality of bags or containers may be used.

  In FIG. 2, the buoyancy adjusting device 90 includes pipes 901 and 903 communicating the internal space 91 with the outside, and open / close valves 902 and 904 in the external pipes 901 and 903, respectively.

  Initially, when the internal space 91 is filled with gas, in the buoyancy adjusting device 90, the two on-off valves 902 and 904 are set to open, and as a general rule, from the outside to the internal space 91 through one of the pipes 901 and 903. Water is allowed to flow in and gas is allowed to flow out from the internal space 91 through the other of the pipes 901 and 903. Accordingly, a desired amount of water is introduced into the internal space 91, and after the introduction is completed, the two on-off valves 902 and 904 are closed. When water is allowed to flow into the internal space 91, the driving force for the inflow may be a hydrostatic pressure or a forcible force using a pump. It may be an outflow caused by being pushed out by water flowing into the space 91, or it may be an outflow to the outside assisted by a forcing force using a pump.

  According to the above operation, the gas filled in the internal space 91 can be replaced with water, so that the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 and thus the levitation force F with respect to the settling force G can be increased.

  Initially, when the internal space 91 is filled with water, in the buoyancy adjusting device 90, the two on-off valves 902 and 904 are set to open, and gas flows from the outside into the internal space 91 through one of the pipes 901 and 903. Then, water flows out from the internal space 91 to the outside through the other of the pipes 901 and 903. Thus, a desired amount of gas is introduced into the internal space 91, and after the introduction is completed, the two on-off valves 902 and 904 are closed. In addition, in the case of injecting gas into the internal space 91, it is sufficient that the inflow is gas injection by a forcing force using a pump, and the simultaneous outflow of water from the internal space 91 is a gas flowing into the internal space 91. It may be an outflow caused by being pushed out to the outside or may be an outflow to the outside assisted by a forcing force using a pump. The installation location of the pump is not particularly limited, and it may be installed on land or in water.

  According to the above operation, the water filled in the internal space 91 can be replaced with gas, so that the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 and hence the levitation force F with respect to the settling force G can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to one or both of the above two operations, the difference between the absolute values of the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the underwater structure 10 is reduced. The power can be adjusted.

  After finishing the role of adjusting the upper force F and the settling force G (for example, after the work of placing the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state in water is completed, the work of transporting the structure 10 to the destination is completed. After that, after completing the work of installing the structure 10 on the underwater structure at the target location), the buoyancy adjustment device 90 may be left without being removed unless otherwise hindered. At least a portion may be removed from the original installation location. For example, the pipes 901 and 903 may be closed in an airtight or watertight manner, and unnecessary portions may be excised. At this time, the open / close valves 902 and 904 may be left or removed together.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a front view of the first embodiment of the underwater arrangement structure 1 for a structure for underwater structures. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Here, the plan view means a view as viewed from vertically above toward the water surface L (the same applies hereinafter).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the first embodiment connects the structure 10, the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, and the structure 10 and the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, the mounting members 30a, 30b, and the adjusting means 40a, 40b are provided in parallel with the mounting members 30a, 30b as shown in FIG. The buoyancy bodies 21a and 21b, the attachment members 31a and 31b for connecting the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a and 21b, and the adjusting means 41a and 41b for adjusting the distance between the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a and 21b The buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 21a, 21b, which are plural, are all submerged together with the mounting members 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b and the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 41a, 41b. Sinking below. In this state, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are set to a relationship of F = G or substantially F = G, so that the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Placed. For this reason, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the first embodiment has the same effect as the underwater arrangement structure according to each aspect of the present invention, that is, the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  It should be noted that at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies may be a buoyancy body configured integrally with a bundle of a plurality of buoyancy bodies. For example, in the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the first embodiment, each of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 21a, and 21b includes three buoyancy bodies 20 [1], 20 [2], 20 [3], a positioning member 20 [4] for arranging these three buoyancy bodies 20 [1], 20 [2], 20 [3] in substantially equal three sections, and a positioning member 20 And a restraining member 20 [5] that integrates the three buoyant bodies 20 [1], 20 [2], and 20 [3] positioned by [4] by restraining them from the outer periphery thereof. The three buoyancy bodies 20 [1], 20 [2], and 20 [3] are connected to the connecting ring 20 via wire ropes 201 [1], 201 [2], and 201 [3] provided at the respective lower portions. Linked to [6]. Since the buoyancy bodies 20 [1], 20 [2], and 20 [3] are only restrained by the restraining member 20 [5], the three buoyancy bodies are integrated and behave like one buoyancy body. If so, the positioning member 20 [4] can be omitted.

  If at least one of the buoyancy bodies is constituted by a bundle of a plurality of buoyancy bodies, there is an advantage that the levitation force F can be changed by the work on the spot. In particular, if the connecting link 20 [6] is employed, the buoyancy body can be easily increased or decreased on the spot, and in some cases, the positioning member 20 [4] and the restraining member 20 [5] can be omitted. This is useful for improving the efficiency of field work (especially on-site work).

  Further, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 can be obtained with a certain degree of accuracy by calculation, but in reality, they may not be as calculated. In addition, with only the buoyancy body 20 (20a, 20b, 21a, 21b) and the adjusting means 40 (40a, 40b, 41a, 41b), it takes time to set the structure 1 to the neutral buoyancy state in water. The work efficiency may be reduced. In such a case, the weight 50 and / or the above-described buoyancy adjusting device 90 is added as necessary, and the balance between the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 is obtained. The structure 1 may be set in a neutral buoyancy state in water with G or substantially F = G.

  In the following embodiments, a plurality of buoyancy bodies are regarded as one buoyancy body as long as they are integrally configured as a bundle and behave as one buoyancy body.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 7: is a front view of 2nd Example of the underwater arrangement structure 1 of the structure for underwater structures. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment includes a structure 10, a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, and 20y, and a structure 10 and a plurality of buoyancy bodies. 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y are connected, but the distance (mounting depth) between the mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y and the structure 10 of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c And adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c for adjusting, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y and the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c are connected in parallel with the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, and the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, respectively. Adjusting means 41a, 41b, 41c for adjusting the mounting depth of the mounting members 31a, 31b, 31c, 31x, 31y and the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21b, 21c are provided.

  Multiple buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y are all mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31x, 31y and adjustment It is completely lost with the means 40a, 40b, 40c, 41a, 41b, 41c. In this state, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are set to a relationship of F = G or substantially F = G, so that the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Placed. Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment has the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment, at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y is submerged together with the structure 10. Therefore, the adverse effect of fluctuations near the actual water surface L or near the water surface L does not reach all buoyancy bodies. Therefore, the underwater posture of the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  Now, when the structure 10 is fully submerged below the water surface L together with all the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, it is parallel to the water surface L or substantially in the water. Consider a parallel horizontal plane L * (hereinafter referred to as “virtual water plane L *”). Then, in the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment, when at least one top of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y are in a relationship of being arranged below the virtual water surface L * as a whole. Therefore, at least one of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, and 21c is disposed near the actual water surface L, and is likely to be adversely affected by the water surface L or fluctuations near the water surface L (for example, waves). However, even if the distance between the actual water surface L and the virtual water surface L * is small, the adverse effect on other buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y In particular, there is little adverse effect on the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y, and therefore the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  Further, if the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 41a, 41b, 41c are used, the mounting depth of each of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c can be adjusted, whereby the structure body The ten underwater postures can be adjusted, for example, as follows.

  (A) By shortening the mounting member 30a by the adjusting means 40a, that is, by reducing the distance between the buoyant body 20a and the structure 10 (the mounting depth of the buoyancy body 20a), the structure 10 is relatively buoyant. Tilt to the side of the body 20c.

  (A) By shortening the mounting member 30c by the adjusting means 40c, that is, by reducing the distance between the buoyancy body 20c and the structure 10 (mounting depth of the buoyancy body 20c), the structure 10 is relatively buoyant. Tilt to the side of the body 20a.

  (C) The mounting member 30b is shortened by the adjusting means 40b, that is, the distance between the buoyant body 20b and the structure 10 (the mounting depth of the buoyant body 20b) is reduced, thereby Or the inclination in the case of said (a) is supported and stabilized.

  (D) By the combination of (a) to (c) above, the longitudinal direction of the structure 10 is made horizontal (or parallel to the virtual water surface L *) or inclined (or non-parallel to the virtual water surface L *).

  (E) By reducing the mounting depth of the buoyancy body 21a by the adjusting means 41a, the main surface 10P of the structure 10 is relatively inclined toward the buoyancy body 20a, 20b or 20c (particularly the diagonal side 20c). .

  (F) The main surface 10P of the structure 10 is relatively inclined toward the buoyancy bodies 20c, 20b or 20a (particularly the diagonal side 20a) by reducing the mounting depth of the buoyancy body 21c by the adjusting means 41c. .

  (G) By reducing the mounting depth of the buoyant body 21b by the adjusting means 41b, the inclination of the main surface 10P of the structure 10 in the above (e) or (c) is supported and stabilized.

  (H) By the combination of the above (e) to (g), the main surface 10P of the structure 10 is arranged so as to be parallel to or intersecting with the horizontal surface (or the virtual water surface L *).

  The underwater posture of the structure 10 can be adjusted by a combination of the above (a) to (d) or the above (e) to (ku). For example, the underwater posture of the structure 10 is kept constant (for example, its longitudinal direction) Can be kept horizontal). Of course, the underwater posture of the structure 10 that is in a neutral buoyancy state in water can also be adjusted. Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 contributes to the efficiency and safety improvement of the field work of the structure 10 underwater conveyance.

  In general, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment has the effect of the second aspect of the present invention.

  When at least one of the tops of the buoyant bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, and 21c is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyant bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y are respectively the entire virtual water surface L. * In relation to the arrangement below the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y, it is desirable that the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c be smaller or smaller in volume. In that case, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y are bulky because they fit between or below the larger or larger buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c or enter the gaps. This is because the structure of the whole of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is thereby stabilized, and a sufficiently large buoyancy can be ensured while being compact as a whole. This effect is beneficial because it reduces the difficulty of field work for underwater conveyance of the structure 10 and improves safety.

  The structure 10 may be attached with a necessary number of weights or a necessary total weight at necessary attachment locations. Thereby, the effect which the 3rd form of the present invention has can be acquired. For example, if a weight is added, the settling force G acting on the structure 10 and its distribution or the balance thereof can be changed, so that the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and the suitable underwater posture can be achieved. Useful for improving the freedom of setting, adjustment, maintenance, etc.

  A buoyancy adjusting device 90 may be attached to the structure 10. Thereby, the effect which the 6th form of this invention show | plays can be acquired. If at least one of water supply, drainage, air supply, and exhaust is performed on the internal space 91Z in the partition 10Z included in the structure 10 by the buoyancy adjustment device 90 to change the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 For example, since it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in setting the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and setting, adjusting and maintaining a suitable underwater posture, work for realizing the neutral buoyancy state Work for setting, adjusting and maintaining the underwater posture is facilitated.

  A plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, and a plurality of mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y, 31a, 31b, 31c, If it is desirable to avoid the entanglement between 31x and 31y, a baffle member (not shown) may be provided to prevent the contact and entanglement. When it is desirable to narrow, a movement restricting member (not shown) for restricting the movement loosely may be provided. The same applies to the other embodiments.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 9: is a front view of the 3rd Example of the underwater arrangement structure 1 of the structure for underwater structures.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment includes a structure 10, a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 20x, 20y, a structure 10 and a plurality of buoyancy bodies. 20a, 20B, 20c, 20x, 20y are connected, but the distance (mounting depth) between the mounting members 30a, 30B, 30c, 30x, 30y and the structure 10 of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c Adjustment means 40a, 40B, and 40c for adjustment are provided.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment includes a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 20x, 20y, mounting members 30a, 30B, 30c, 30x, 30y and adjusting means 40a, 40B, 40c. The buoyancy bodies 21a, 21B, 21c, 21x, 21y, and the attachment members 31a, 31B, which connect the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21B, 21c, 21x, 21y, not shown in FIG. 31c, 31x, 31y and adjusting means 41a, 41B, 41c for adjusting the mounting depth of the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21B, 20C are provided.

  The size of the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy body (in many cases, the volume of the buoyancy body) is the largest for the buoyancy bodies 20B, 21B, the smallest for the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y, and the remaining buoyancy bodies 20a, 20c, 21a, and 21c are intermediate sizes.

  Multiple buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21B, 21c, 21x, 21y are all mounting members 30a, 30B, 30c, 30x, 30y, 31a, 31B, 31c, 31x, 31y and adjustment It is completely lost with the means 40a, 40B, 40c, 41a, 41b, 41c. In this state, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are set to a relationship of F = G or substantially F = G, so that the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Placed. Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the second embodiment has the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment, at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21B, 21c, 21x, 21y is submerged together with the structure 10. Therefore, the buoyant body that is fully submerged (and thus all the buoyant bodies) is not affected by the actual fluctuations in the water surface L or near the water surface L. Therefore, the underwater posture of the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  When the top of at least one of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 21a, 21B, 21c (that is, the buoyancy bodies 20B, 21B) is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y are , Each has a relationship of being arranged below the virtual water surface L *. Therefore, in the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment, the buoyancy other than the buoyancy bodies 20B and 21B is caused by the adverse effect of fluctuations (for example, waves) near the actual water surface L or the water surface L, as in the second embodiment. The body 10, especially the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y, is difficult to reach, and the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  Further, if the adjusting means 40a, 40B, 40c, 41a, 41B, 41c are used, the respective mounting depths of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 21a, 21B, 21c can be adjusted. As in the case of the example, the underwater posture of the structure 10 can be adjusted. For example, the underwater posture can be kept constant.

  Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third example exhibits the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, as in the case of the second example.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment, a weight 50 is attached to the partition portion 10C. Since the weight 50 increases the settling force G acting on the structure 10, the third effect of the present invention can be obtained.

  In FIG. 9, only one weight 50 is attached to the structure 10, but the floating that acts on the structure 10 can be obtained by attaching a necessary number or a necessary total weight of weights to a necessary attachment location. The force F and its distribution or its balance may be varied.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment, the structure 10 includes a total of three compartments, two compartments 10A and 10B on both ends, and the other compartment 10C. Each part is immovable with respect to each other.

  Buoyancy adjusting devices 90A and 90B are attached to the partition portions 10A and 10B, respectively. The buoyancy adjusting devices 90A and 90B perform at least one of water supply, drainage, air supply and exhaust to the internal spaces 91A and 91B provided in the partition portions 10A and 10B, respectively, and buoyancy acting on the structure 10 and its buoyancy. The distribution or balance, and hence the levitation force F acting on the structure 10 and its distribution or balance are varied.

  For example, if gas is supplied to both the internal spaces 91A and 91B filled with water by the buoyancy adjusting devices 90A and 90B and the existing water is discharged therefrom, the buoyancy acting on the compartments 10A and 10B is increased. And the levitation force F necessary to create a neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water can be created. This means that it is possible to reduce the number of buoyant bodies that should originally be necessary to produce the levitation force F.

  Conversely, when buoyancy adjusting devices 90A and 90B supply water to both of the internal spaces 91A and 91B filled with gas and discharge the existing gas, the buoyancy acting on the compartments 10A and 10B is reduced. And the settling force G required to create a neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water can be created. This means that it is possible to reduce the number of weights that should originally be necessary to produce the settling force G.

  For example, if the volume of the internal space 91A and the volume of the internal space 91B are the same and initially filled with water, more gas is supplied to the internal space 91A and more existing water is discharged therefrom. Thus, the buoyancy acting on the partition portion 10A can be made larger than the buoyancy acting on the partition portion 10B, whereby the structure 10 is inclined from the partition portion 10A side to the partition portion 10B side. Can be made.

  Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third example exhibits the effect of the sixth aspect of the present invention, as in the case of the second example.

  The volume of the buoyancy body is the smallest in the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y. When the top of at least one of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 21a, 21B, 21c (buoyancy bodies 20B, 21B in FIG. 9) is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, Each of 21x and 21y is in a relationship of being arranged below the virtual water surface L *. Such buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y fit between or below the larger (larger volume) buoyancy bodies 20a, 20B, 20c, 21a, 21B, 21c The entire buoyancy body is made bulky, compact, and structurally stable. Therefore, according to the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment, it is possible to reduce the difficulty of the field work of underwater conveyance of the structure 10 and improve the safety.

  In addition, since the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water, a mark is attached when the location of the submerged structure 10 may be unknown. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the mark member m, which is a buoyancy body, is loosened to the buoyancy body 20c and eventually the structure body 10 via the mounting member 60m so as to be exposed from the water surface L to the atmosphere (to the length). It is attached so that it can move with the structure 10 so that an operator who transports the structure 10 underwater or a person around it can intuitively understand the location of the structure 10.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 10: is a front view of the 4th Example of the underwater arrangement structure 1 of the structure for underwater structures.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment includes a structure 10, a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, a structure 10 and a plurality of buoyancy bodies. 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y is connected to the mounting member 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y, and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y 40a, 40b, 40c, 40x, 40y.

  Further, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment includes a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y and adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40x, 40y, parallel to each other, buoyancy bodies 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, attachment members for connecting the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y, not shown in FIG. 31a, 31B, 31c, 31x, 31y and adjusting means 41a, 41b, 41c, 41x, 41y for adjusting the mounting depth of the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21B, 20C are provided.

  Note that the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y have the smallest buoyancy generated by the buoyancy bodies (in many cases, the volume of the buoyancy bodies). The remaining buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c are approximately the same size.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment further includes a plurality of weights 50a, 50b, 50x and mounting members 60a, 60b, 60x that connect the plurality of weights 50a, 50b, 50x and the structure 10. And.

  Multiple buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y are all mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30x, 30y, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31x, 31y and adjustment It is fully buried with the means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40x, 40y, 41a, 41b, 41c, 41x, 41y. In this state, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are set to a relationship of F = G or substantially F = G, so that the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Placed. Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth example has the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment, at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y is submerged together with the structure 10. Therefore, the adverse effect of fluctuations near the water surface L or near the water surface L does not reach all buoyancy bodies. Therefore, the underwater posture of the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  When the top of at least one of the buoyant bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, and 21c is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyant bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y each have a virtual water surface L * as a whole. There is a relationship to be placed below. Therefore, as in the case of the second or third embodiment, the adverse effect of fluctuations (for example, waves) near the water surface L or the water surface L is less likely to affect the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y, and the structure 10 is unstable. It is hard to become.

  Further, if the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40x, 40y, 41a, 41b, 41c, 41x, 41y are used, each of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y Since the attachment depth of the structure 10 can be adjusted, the underwater posture of the structure 10 can be adjusted as in the second or third embodiment. For example, the underwater posture can be kept constant.

  Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third example exhibits the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, as in the case of the second or third example.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of weights 50a, 50b, 50x and mounting members 60a, 60b, 60x that connect the plurality of weights 50a, 50b, 50x and the structure 10. The mounting member 60x includes weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x for adjusting the distance between the weight 50x and the structure 10. When the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x is used, the weight 50x can be landed on the bottom BW (not shown) as a ridge 80, and the structure 10 can be moored in water by the restraining force of the ridge 80. Therefore, according to the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment, the effect exerted by the fourth embodiment of the present invention can be obtained.

  When the weight 50x is landed on the bottom BW as the ridge 80, the settling force G acting on the structure 10 is reduced by the amount of the weight 50x, the levitation force F is relatively increased, and the composition 10 is Increases and prevents the weight 50x from landing. Therefore, in order to achieve both the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and the mooring by the eaves 80, the weight attached to the structure 10 is added, the buoyancy body attached to the structure 10 is reduced, and the buoyancy adjustment When the apparatus 90 is provided, the structure 10 is neutral buoyancy while F = G or substantially F = G, for example, by reducing the buoyancy acting on the structure, while the weight 50x is landed on the bottom BW. Maintain a situation that remains in a state.

  When the structure 10 is set to a neutral buoyancy state in water, in many cases, the structure 10 before the buoyancy body 20, the weight 50, etc. are attached or the attachment of the buoyancy body 20, the weight 50, etc. to some extent ( The structure 10 (including temporary attachment) has been moved from the upper side of the water surface L into the water surface L using a crane or other transport machine, and remains lifted so as to be positioned at an appropriate position in the water. It is necessary to consider safety so that an accident that the body 10 falls in the direction of the bottom BW (not shown) does not occur.

  Therefore, when the structure 10 is brought into a neutral buoyancy state in water, the attachment members 60p and 60q having a sufficient length are provided immediately before or immediately after the structure 10 is moved from the upper side of the water surface L into the water surface L. The extra large buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q that produce a sufficiently large levitation force F are loosely connected to the structure 10 (so that the mounting members 60p and 60q are loosened). Then, even if an accident where the structure 10 falls, the buoyancy generated by the oversized buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q causes the structure 10 to sink from the water surface L, generally in the vertical direction. Can be stopped at the extended position, or the sedimentation speed of the structure 10 can be reduced, so that a time margin for evacuating the worker from the place where the event occurred can be obtained. Therefore, in general, the accident, the incidental damage and the scale of the accident can be minimized.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment with the extra large buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q attached as illustrated in FIG. 10 is in the operation of setting the structure 10 to a neutral buoyancy state in water. The oversized buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q attached to the structure 10 for work safety are in a state where the work has not been removed from the structure 10. When the structure 10 is set to the neutral buoyancy state in the water and then the structure 10 is transported underwater, the oversized buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q remain attached for the safety of the underwater transport work. Is preferable.

  The oversized buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q also serve as the mark member m.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment, when at least one top of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 21a, 21b, 21c is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y , 21x, 21y are in an arrangement relationship that sinks below the virtual water surface L *. In order to realize such an arrangement relationship, for example, first, a structure 10 that is completely submerged under the water surface L is prepared, and then the buoyancy body attached to the structure 10 or attached in advance to the structure 10 is prepared. 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y once floated on the water surface L, and then using the adjusting means 40x, 40y, 41x, 41y, the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, It is only necessary to draw only 21y below the water surface L and fix the mounting depth of the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, 21y at that time. Then, when the structure 10 is set to a neutral buoyancy state in water, even when all the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21x, 21y Since the vertices of the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, 21x, and 21y are not positioned above any top of the remaining buoyancy bodies, the above arrangement relationship can be realized.

  When preparing the structure 10 that is fully submerged under the water surface L, the aforementioned buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q are attached to the structure 10 in advance for the safety of the work and the subsequent work. It is desirable to keep it.

  When the mounting depth of at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20x, 20y is adjusted by at least one of the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40x, 40y, the structure 10 is acted on. The distribution of the levitation force F can be adjusted. Further, when at least one weight 50 is attached, the settling force G acting on the structure 10 and its distribution can be adjusted through the setting of the weight, number, installation position, and the like of the weights. Therefore, the use of the adjusting means 40x, 40y and / or the weight 50 increases the degree of freedom in realizing the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and setting, adjusting, and maintaining a suitable underwater posture. Becomes easier. According to these features, it is possible to adjust the underwater posture of the structure 10 that is in a neutral buoyancy state in the water, so the underwater arrangement structure 1 improves the efficiency and safety of on-site transportation of the structure 10 underwater. Contribute to

  At least one weight 50 is attached to the structure 10 directly or by an appropriate attachment member (not shown). There are no particular restrictions on the number and location of the weights 50 attached to the structure 10 as long as the structure 10 can achieve a neutral buoyancy state in water and the underwater posture is stable.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a front view of a fifth embodiment (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure 1 for a structure for underwater structures, and FIG. 12 is a plan view thereof. FIG. 13 is a front view of a fifth embodiment (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure 1 for a structure for underwater structures, and FIG. 14 is a plan view thereof.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fifth embodiment includes a structure 10 including two partition portions 10A and 10B that are adjacently connected via a hinge mechanism 10H, and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d. , 20x, 20y, 22A, 22B, mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30x, 30y, 32A, 32B and the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c for connecting the plurality of buoyancy bodies to the structure 10 , 20d, 22A, 22B, adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 42A, 42B for adjusting the distance between the structure 10 and a plurality of weights 50A, 50B, and the structure 10 and a plurality of weights 50A, 50B are provided with mounting members 60A, 60B (not shown), and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20d, mounting members 30a, 30d and adjusting means 40a, 40d. And buoyancy bodies 21a, 21d, mounting members 31a, 31d for connecting the structure 10 and the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21d, and adjusting means 41a, 41d for adjusting the mounting depth of the buoyancy bodies 21a, 21d. doing. Buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 21a, 21d, 20x, 22A and weight 50A are attached to the partition portion 10A, and buoyancy bodies 20c, 20d, 20y, 21d, 22B and weight 50B are attached to the partition portion 10B. is there.

  A plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 22A, 21a are attached to or near the end of the partition 10A opposite to the side connected to the hinge mechanism 10H to prevent excessive settling of the end. doing. The same applies to the partition portion 10B, and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 20d, 22B, 21d are attached to or near the end opposite to the side connected to the hinge mechanism 10H. Prevents excessive settling.

  In addition, the size of the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy body (in many cases, the volume of the buoyancy body) is the smallest for the buoyancy bodies 20x and 20y and the largest for the buoyancy bodies 20b and 20c. The remaining buoyancy bodies 20a, 20d, 21a, 21d, 22A, and 22B are all medium in size and substantially the same size.

  Multiple buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21d, 22A, 22B are all mounting members 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30x, 30y, 31a, 31d, 32A, 32B, adjustment The means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 41a, 41d, 42A, 423B and the weights 50A, 50B are all sunk. In this state, the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are set to a relationship of F = G or substantially F = G, so that the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. Placed. Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fifth example has the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the fifth embodiment, at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20x, 20y, 21a, 21d, 22A, and 22B is submerged together with the structure 10. Therefore, the adverse effect of fluctuations near the water surface L or near the water surface L does not reach all buoyancy bodies. Therefore, the underwater posture of the structure 10 is unlikely to become unstable.

  When the top of at least one of the buoyant bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 21a, 21d, 22A, and 22B is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyant bodies 20x and 20y each have a virtual water surface L * as a whole. There is a relationship to be placed below. Therefore, as in the case of the second to fourth embodiments, the adverse effects of fluctuations (for example, waves) near the water surface L or near the water surface L are less likely to affect the buoyancy bodies 20x, 20y, and the structure 10 is less likely to become unstable. .

  Also, if the adjusting means 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 41a, 41d, 42A, 42B are used, the mounting depth of each of the buoyancy bodies 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 21a, 21d, 22A, 22B can be adjusted. Therefore, as in the case of the second to fourth embodiments, the underwater posture of the structure 10 can be adjusted. For example, the underwater posture can be kept constant.

  Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the third embodiment has the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, as in the second to fourth embodiments.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the number of buoyant bodies 20 a, 20 b, 20 c, 20 d, 20 x, 20 y, 21 a, 21 d, 22 A, 22 B and the weights 50 A, 50 B are attached. The underwater posture of the structure 10 is adjusted to two compartments 10A and 10B through the adjustment of the mounting depth of the plurality of buoyant bodies 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 41a, 41d, 42A and 42B. At the same time, the main surfaces 10PA and 10PB are adjusted so that they are parallel to the virtual water surface L * and the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 10H is the vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the virtual water surface L *). The outer surfaces 14A and 14B of the two partition portions 10A and 10B face each other so as to form a substantially parallel surface (see FIGS. 11 and 12), that is, in a “closed state”. In addition, the outer surfaces 14A and 14B of the two partition portions 10A and 10B face each other so as to form a non-parallel surface apart from each other (see FIGS. 13 and 14), That is, even in the “open state”, the respective main surfaces 10PA and 10PB of the two partition portions 10A and 10B are adjusted to be parallel to the virtual water surface L *. Therefore, when the two partition portions 10A and 10B rotate relatively around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism 10H, an unreasonable force does not act on the hinge mechanism 10H.

  Therefore, the structure 10 can be easily deformed from the “closed state” to the “open state” while the two partition portions 10A and 10B remain in a neutral buoyancy state in water, and in the opposite direction. Can be transformed without difficulty. Such open / close deformation of the structure 10 in the water is performed when the structure 10 is transported to the target place in water and then the structure 10 is used to construct or reinforce the underwater structure. This contributes to improving the efficiency and safety of the work.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 15: is a front view of 6th Example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure 1 of the structure for underwater structures, (a) is an intermediate state where all the buoyancy bodies are not fully immersed , (B) depicts a state in which all buoyancy bodies are completely dead (neutral buoyancy state). FIG. 16: is a top view of the 6th Example (before modification) of the underwater arrangement structure 1 of the structure for underwater structures. FIG. 17 is a front view of a sixth embodiment (after modification) of the underwater arrangement structure 1 for a structure for underwater structures, and FIG. 18 is a plan view thereof.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the sixth embodiment includes two partition parts 100A and 100C that are adjacently connected via a hinge mechanism 101H and two partition parts 100B and 100C that are adjacently connected via a hinge mechanism 102H. And a plurality of buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B, and mounting members 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320A, which connect the plurality of buoyancy bodies and the structure 10. 320B, adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 420A, 420B for adjusting the distance between at least one of buoyant bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B and the structure 10, and a weight 500, a mounting member 600 for connecting the structure 10 and the weight 500, and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, mounting members 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d and adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, in parallel with each other, a plurality of buoyancy bodies 221a, 221b, 221c, 221d, mounting members 321a, 321b, 321c, 321d for connecting the plurality of buoyancy bodies to the structure 10, and Adjustment means 421a for adjusting the mounting depth of the plurality of buoyant bodies are provided with 421b, 421c, and 421d.

  Buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220A, 221a, 221b are provided in the partition portion 100A, buoyancy bodies 220c, 220d, 220B, 221c, 221d are provided in the partition portion 100B, and a weight 500 is attached to the partition portion 100C by the mounting member 600. Is attached, and the levitation force acting on the partition portions 100A and 100B is configured to prevent excessive settling of the partition portion 100C and by extension, the entire structure 10.

  The size of the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy body (in many cases, the volume of the buoyancy body) is the smallest for the buoyancy bodies 200A and 200B, and the remaining buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 221a, 221b, 221c, 221d Are substantially the same size as each other.

  The partition portion 100C includes hooked portions 110A, 110B, 110C, and 110D for hooking the wire hooking wire ropes 120A, 120B, 120C, and 120D. By hooking one end of each of the wire ropes 120A, 120B, 120C, and 120D for hooking to the hooked portions 110A, 110B, 110C, and 110D, and hooking the other end to the hook 130 of the crane (not shown), Transport including lifting and lowering (unloading and unloading) of the structure 10 by a crane can be performed. When at least one of a buoyancy body, an attachment member, a weight, an adjustment member, and the like is attached to the structure, at least one of the buoyancy body, the attachment member, the weight, the adjustment means, and the like is attached together with the structure 10 by a crane. Can be moved up and down.

  Note that the structure 10 may include a plurality of hooking portions that can be used for the hooking action in addition to the hooking portions 110A, 110B, 110C, and 110D. The partition portion 100A may include the hooked portions 110a and 110c, and the partition portion 100B may include the hooked portions 110b and 110d, and not the hooked portions 110A, 110B, 110C, and 110D, but the hooked portions 110a. , 110b, 110c, 110d can be hooked with wire ropes 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D, or by adding a wire rope for hanging and hanging the wire rope for all hooks Good.

  The structure 10 is made up of a plurality of buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B, 221a, 221b, 221c, 221d, a plurality of mounting members 320a, 320b, from above the water surface L using a crane. 320c, 320d, 320A, 320B, 321a, 321b, 321c, 321d, weight 500, mounting member 600, adjustment member 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 420A, 420B, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d and sink into water surface L As a result, the buoyancy bodies 220A and 220B are completely diminished, but the other buoyancy bodies are not completely diminished (see FIG. 15A). When the structure 10 is further submerged, all the buoyancy bodies are completely destroyed, and the levitation force F and the settling force G acting on the structure 10 are balanced (F = G or substantially F = G). At a stage of neutral buoyancy (see FIGS. 15B and 17). Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the sixth example shown in FIG. 15B has the effect of the first aspect of the present invention.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 (b) or 17, a plurality of buoyant bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B, 221a, 221b, 221c, Since at least one of 221d is submerged with the structure 10 as a whole, all buoyant bodies are not adversely affected by fluctuations in or near the water surface L. Therefore, the underwater posture of the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state is unlikely to become unstable.

  When at least one top of the buoyant bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 221a, 221b, 221c, and 221d is at the same level as the virtual water surface L *, the buoyant bodies 220A and 220B respectively have the virtual water surface L * as a whole. There is a relationship to be placed below. Therefore, as in the second to fifth embodiments, the adverse effect of fluctuations (for example, waves) near the water surface L or the water surface L is less likely to affect the buoyancy bodies 220A and 220B, and the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state. Is less likely to become unstable in water.

  Further, if the adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 420A, 420B, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d are used, each of the buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B, 221a, 221b, 221c, 221d As in the second to fifth embodiments, the underwater posture of the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state can be adjusted. For example, the underwater posture is constant. Can be kept in.

  Therefore, the underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 (b) or 17 has the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, as in the second to fourth embodiments. .

  Further, since the weight 500 is attached to the structure 10, the settling force G acting on the structure 10 can be increased, and thus the effect of the third embodiment of the present invention is achieved.

  In addition, the sixth aspect of the present invention has the following unique effects.

  In the underwater arrangement structure 1 shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, the number of buoyant bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 220A, 220B, 221a, 221b, 221c, 221d, the number of attachments of the weight 500, the installation location, etc. Through adjustment of the mounting depth of each buoyant body by the adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 420A, 420B, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d, Each rotation axis direction is adjusted to be a vertical direction (a direction perpendicular to the virtual water surface L *). Further, even when the outer surfaces 141A and 140A of the two partition parts 100A and 100C face each other, that is, the partition parts 100A and 100C are in the “closed state” (see FIGS. 15B and 16). Even if the outer surfaces 141A and 140A are separated from each other, that is, the partition portions 100A and 100C are in the “open state” (see FIGS. 17 and 18), the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 101H is the vertical direction. It has been adjusted as follows. Similarly, even when the outer surfaces 141B and 140B of the two partition parts 100B and 100C face each other, that is, the partition parts 100B and 100C are in the “closed state” (see FIGS. 15B and 16). ) Even if the outer surfaces 141B and 140B are separated, that is, the partition portions 100B and 100C are “open” (see FIGS. 17 and 18), the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 102H is vertical. It has been adjusted to. Therefore, when the two partition parts 100A and 100C rotate relatively around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism 101H, an unreasonable force does not act on the hinge mechanism 101H. Similarly, when the two partition parts 100B and 100C rotate relatively around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism 102H, an unreasonable force does not act on the hinge mechanism 102H.

  Therefore, the structure 10 remains in a neutral buoyancy state in water, and the two compartments 100A and 100C are changed from the “closed state” to the “open state” and from the “open state” to the “closed state”. Can be deformed without difficulty, and can be deformed in the opposite direction as well. Similarly, the two compartments 100B, 100C are changed from the “closed state” to the “opened state” and “opened”. It can be transformed without difficulty from "state" to "closed state".

  When viewed from above, when the outer surface 141A is a C-shaped concave surface and the outer surface 141B is an inverted C-shaped concave surface (see FIGS. 16 and 18), the two partition portions 100A and 100C are in a “closed state”. Since the outer surface 140A seals the concave opening of the outer surface 141A, the outer surface 141A forms a closed ring together with the outer surface 140A (see FIG. 16), and the outer surface 140A does not seal the concave opening of the outer surface 141A when in the “open state”. The closed ring is not formed, and if it is strong, an open ring is formed (see FIG. 18). Similarly, when the two partition parts 100B and 100C are in the “closed state”, the outer surface 141A forms a closed ring together with the outer surface 140A, and when in the “opened state”, the closed ring is not formed. Form a ring.

  Assuming a column P1 that is surrounded by the outer surface 141A and the outer surface 140A and is accommodated in the closed ring formed by the outer surface 141A and the outer surface 140A, the two partition portions 100A and 100C are set in the “open state”. The structure 10 can be arranged or moved so that the pillar P1 is close to the outer surface 141A and the outer surface 140A while remaining in a neutral buoyancy state, and the outer surface 141A and the outer surface can be continuously moved to the “closed state”. The pillar P1 can be arranged in the closed ring formed by 140A. Thereafter, if the two partition portions 100A and 100C are fixed in the “closed state” and are fixed to the pillar P1, the structure 10 can be fixed to the pillar P1 in water. Similarly, assuming a column P2 that is surrounded by the outer surface 141B and the outer surface 140B and is sized to be accommodated in a closed ring formed by the outer surface 141B and the outer surface 140B, the two partition portions 100A and 100C are put into a “closed state”. The structure 10 can be disposed or moved so that the pillar P2 is close to the outer surface 141B and the outer surface 140B while remaining in a neutral buoyancy state, and the structure 10 is then kept in the “closed state”. Can be fixed to the pillar P2 in water. If they are combined, the structure 10 can be attached and fixed to the pillars P1 and P2 so as to bridge between the pillars P1 and P2 that are separated from each other.

  In order to fix the structure 10 to the pillar P1 or the pillar P2, a well-known connection means represented by a bolt-nut screw mechanism or welding may be employed.

  When the partition parts 100A, 100C are in the “open state”, when there is a gap between the outer surface 141A and the outer surface 140A and the pillar P1, and / or when the partition parts 100B, 100C are in the “open state”, the outer surface In the case where there is a gap between 141B and the outer surface 140B and the pillar P2, a material that fills the gap before and / or after the structure 10 is fixed to the pillar P1 and / or the pillar P2 in water (for example, Reinforcing bars, sleeve materials, mortar, concrete, etc.) may be introduced.

  When the two partition parts 100A and 100C are in the “closed state” and the column P1 is already arranged in the closed ring formed by the outer surface 141A and the outer surface 140A, the structure 10 is fixed to the column P1. The structure 10 can be detached from the pillar P1 if the partition portions 100A and 100C are set in the “open state” while remaining in a neutral buoyancy state, unless otherwise fixed or released. Similarly, when the two partition parts 100B and 100C are in the “closed state” and the column P2 is already arranged in the closed ring formed by the outer surface 141B and the outer surface 140B, the structure 10 is fixed to the column P2. Unless the structure is released or after the fixing is released, the structure 10 can be detached from the column P2 by setting the partition portions 100A and 100C to the “open state” while maintaining the neutral buoyancy state. If they are combined, the structure 10 attached so as to bridge between the pillars P1 and P2 that are separated from each other can be detached from the pillars P1 and P2.

  The underwater arrangement structure 1 according to the sixth embodiment is suitable when the structure 10 plays a role of bridging and fixing between the pillars P1 and P2. According to the sixth embodiment, the structure 10 can be easily opened and closed while the structure 10 remains in a neutral buoyancy state. When performing work to configure or reinforce underwater structures, or when removing work 10 already attached to a pillar, it can contribute to improving the efficiency and safety of the work. It is beneficial.

  The rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 101H is maintained in the vertical direction, and the two partition parts 100A and 100C are changed from the “closed state” to the “open state” and from the “open state” to the “closed state”. When it is difficult to continuously deform to ”or it takes time to set conditions that enable such continuous deformation, each time between deformation between“ open state ”and“ closed state ” The rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 101H may be set to be the vertical direction. Similarly, the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 102H is maintained in the vertical direction, and the two partition portions 100B and 100C are changed from the “closed state” to the “open state” and from the “open state” to the “closed state”. If it is difficult to continuously change to `` state '' or it takes time to set conditions that allow such continuous deformation, the deformation between `` open state '' and `` closed state '' Each time, the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanism 102H is preferably set to be the vertical direction.

<Example of underwater transport method>
FIG. 19 thru | or 26 is explanatory drawing of the underwater conveyance method of the structure for underwater structures concerning this invention. The structure in the sixth embodiment is selected as an example of the structure 10, and the structure is prepared based on these drawings and FIGS. 15 to 18 depicting the sixth embodiment. The case where an underwater structure is comprised or reinforced at the destination place is demonstrated below.

1. Underwater Structure The underwater structure shown in FIG. 19 has a width and strength capable of installing at least two adjacent pillars P1, P1 and a transport machine such as a crane CRN for transporting the structure 10. It has a floor BF. It is desirable that the floor slab BF is such that at least a part of the structure 10 is placed on the transport carriage, and the trailer TRL that pulls the structure 10 can be placed together with the transport carriage.

  Each of the two pillars P1 and P2 is made of a single solid or hollow columnar material, or is formed by connecting two or more solid or hollow columnar materials along the longitudinal direction. The bottom part is fixed to the bottom BW by driving into the bottom BW, connecting to a concrete base (not shown) installed on the bottom BW, and the upper end of the pillar is BF Are supported from below along with transport equipment, trailers, etc., placed on the floor slab BF to prevent submersion.

  FIG. 20 is an explanatory view of the columns constituting the underwater structure. FIG. 20 (a) is a front view of the characteristic part of the two adjacent columns P1 and P2, and FIG. It is ZZ sectional drawing of a figure (a). In FIG. 20, the pillar P1 has a gantry CR1 below the water surface L, a scaffold WT1 below the cradle CR1, and the pillar P2 has a gantry CR2 below the water surface L and a scaffold WT2 below the cradle CR2. The two frames CR1 and CR2 and the two scaffolds WT1 and WT2 are arranged at the same water level. The column P1 has a plurality of latched portions M1 above the gantry CR1, and the column P2 has a plurality of latched portions M2 above the gantry CR2, and two sets of the latched portions M1. , M2 are located at the same water level.

  Note that the scaffolds WT1 and WT2 are not indispensable because they are installed for the submarine's underwater work. Therefore, the pillars P1 and P2 may not include the scaffolds WT1 and WT2.

  The distance between the bases CR1 and CR2 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the pillars P1 and P2 and the hooked portions M1 and M2 is a partition portion of the structure 10 along the rotation axis direction of the hinge mechanisms 101H and 102H. It is set to be larger than the length (height) of 100A, 100B (for example, the distance is about 1.8 times the height).

2. Structure The structure 10 is the structure according to the sixth embodiment as described above, but includes an internal space 91 (not shown), and supplies, exhausts, and supplies water to the internal space 91. And a buoyancy adjusting device (not shown) that adjusts the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 by performing at least one of drainage.

  In addition, the weight 500 attached to the partition part 100C included in the structure 10 by the attachment member 600 may be a weight that functions as the flange 80 like the weight 50x in the fourth embodiment. The member 600 may be a mounting member 60x provided with the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x in the embodiment (see FIG. 10).

3. First to fifth steps (FIGS. 19 and 21, FIGS. 15 and 16)
First, after manufacturing at least a part of the structure 10 at a factory separated from the work site where the structure 10 is transported underwater, it is placed on a transport cart, pulled by a trailer TRL, and transported to the work site by land. (First step S1).

  Next, when the structure 10 is transported to the work site, the two partitions 100A and 100C connected to the structure 10 placed on the transport carriage via the hinge mechanism 101H are arranged. After confirming that the two partition parts 100B and 100C connected through the hinge mechanism 102H are both locked in a “closed state” with a rope, a slinging operation is performed. If the part transported to the work site is a part of the structure 10, the structure 10 is assembled on the spot, and the two compartments 100A, 100C and the other two compartments 100B, 100C After being secured with a rope so as to remain in the “closed state”, the assembled structure 10 is subjected to a slinging operation. Then, the staking structure 10 is lifted by a crane previously installed on the floor slab BL, and is moved to the surface L where the floor slab BL does not exist by turning the crane torch (second Step S2).

  In addition, the slinging work is to latch one end of the sling wire rope (including slack wire rope 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D) on the hooked portions 110A, 110B, 110C, 110D, 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d. The multi-end is carried out by hooking the hook 130 of the crane. At this time, if there is a dedicated sling device, it may be used. Further, if practically possible, the weight 500, the buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 221a, 221b, which need to be attached to the structure 10 in order to make the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state in water. 221c, 221d, 220A, 220B, mounting member 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 321a, 321b, 321c, 321d, 320A, 320B, adjustment means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d, 420A, At least a part of 420B or the like is attached to the structure 10 before being lifted by the crane and lifted by the crane together with the structure 10, and the water surface L where the floor slab BL does not exist You may move it up.

  Subsequently, the structure 10 is lowered by the crane CRN, launched below the water surface L, and maintained near the water surface L.

  The internal space 91 (not shown) provided in the structure 10 is filled with air before launching below the water surface L, and is filled after launching the water surface L. . Therefore, if necessary, air may be continuously fed into the internal space 91 using a buoyancy adjusting device (not shown). If the air is filled, buoyancy corresponding to the volume of the internal space 91 can be secured.

  Considering the buoyancy caused by the air filling the internal space 91, the buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 221a that need to be attached to the structure 10 in order to make the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state in water , 221b, 221c, 221d, 220A, 220B, mounting member 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 321a, 321b, 321c, 321d, 320A, 320B, adjustment means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d , 420A, 420B, weight 500, etc. (except for the case where the structure 10 that has been slung in step S2 is attached before being lifted by a crane) is attached to the structure 10 (third step S3). When it is necessary for work safety in this mounting work and the subsequent underwater transport work, etc., as shown in FIG. 10, the buoyancy bodies 20p and 20q are loosened by the mounting means 60p and 60q (the length of the mounting members 60p and 60q is sufficient). The structure 10 is connected to the structure 10 so as to be loosened.

  At the stage of step S3, the water depth at the position where the structure 10 is arranged is relatively small, so that it is necessary or useful in order to maintain the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water or an appropriate underwater posture. It is desirable to attach a large number of buoyancy bodies, adjustment means, weights, and the like to reduce the work load in the subsequent process (particularly the process in which it is inevitable that the structure 10 is disposed at a position where the water depth is greater).

  Thereafter, the crane 10 is used to (1) further lower the structure 10 along the path r1 while the compartments 100A and 100C and the compartments 100B and 100C remain in the “closed state”, or (2) When viewed from the front along the path r2, the partitioning portion 100C of the structure 10 is horizontally moved to a position where it is generally disposed between the two pillars P1 and P2, and then further lowered so that all buoyancy bodies and attachments are attached. The position where it sunk together with the member, the adjusting means and the weight is maintained. Adjust the mounting depth of the buoyancy body with the adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d, 420A, 420B, and buoyancy bodies 220a, 220b, 220c, 220d, 221a, 221b, 221c , 221d is set so that the buoyancy bodies 220A, 220B are fully submerged under the virtual water surface L * when at least one top of the 221d reaches the virtual water surface L *. In addition, setting of the number of weights 500, the mounting location, etc., and further adjustment of the mounting depth of individual buoyant bodies by adjusting means 420a, 420b, 420c, 420d, 420A, 420B, 421a, 421b, 421c, 421d, Through the operation of a buoyancy adjusting device (not shown), the structure 10 is set to be in a neutral buoyancy state in water, and the rotation axis directions of the two hinge mechanisms 101H and 102H are set to the vertical direction (fourth). Step S4).

  In step S4, the lowering of the structure 10 can be realized by adding a weight or removing a buoyancy body. However, buoyancy caused by the internal space 91 can be achieved by exhausting and supplying water to the internal space 91 using a buoyancy adjustment device. It is easier to reduce the pressure and relatively increase the settling force G acting on the structure 10. The horizontal movement of the structure 10 can be performed by a separately provided traction means, but it is sufficient if it is performed by operating the crane CRN.

  Next, the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state is lowered (1) along the path r1 until the difference between the lowest water level of the partition 100A or the partition 100B and the water level of the gantry CR1, CR2 becomes dL. Let Then, when viewed from the front, the partition portion 100C of the structure 10 is moved horizontally to a position where it is generally disposed between the two pillars P1 and P2, or (2) the partition portion 100A or the partition portion 100B along the path r2. Is lowered until the difference between the bottom water level and the water level of the gantry CR1, CR2 reaches dL. Note that dL is preferably a value greater than or equal to zero, and more preferably dL is zero, in view of the efficiency of subsequent work. However, unless there is a slight decrease in work efficiency, dL should be a negative value (the water level at the bottom of the compartment 100A or the compartment 100B is lower than the water level of the gantry CR1, CR2). Also good.

  When the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state in any route finally reaches the position where the partition 100C of the structure 10 is generally disposed between the two pillars P1 and P2 when viewed from the front. As shown in FIG. 21, when viewed in plan, the structure 10 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the two pillars P1, P2 to some extent (fifth step S5). More specifically, the main axis in the longitudinal direction of the partition part 100C (hereinafter referred to as “the main axis of the partition part 100C”), and the main axis in the long direction of each of the two columns P1, P2 (hereinafter referred to as “column axis”), A plane (hereinafter referred to as “column surface”) formed by a total of two column axes is substantially parallel, the shortest distance dH between the main axis of the partition unit 100C and the column surface is greater than zero, and the partition unit 100A or The shortest distance dH * between the partition portion 100B and the circumscribed surfaces of the two pillars P1 and P2 is also made larger than zero.

  In step S5, the lowering of the structure 10 can be realized by adding a weight or removing a buoyancy body, but it is easier to exhaust and supply water to the internal space 91 using a buoyancy adjustment device. However, the addition of the weight, the removal of the buoyancy body, and the use of the buoyancy adjustment device mean that the neutral buoyancy state is lost, even temporarily, so that the sedimentation of the structure 10 may proceed more than necessary, which is dangerous. Therefore, as a precaution, it is preferable that the other end of the sling wire rope whose one end is hooked on the hooked portion of the structure 10 is hooked on the hook 130 of the crane CRN. Although the horizontal movement of the structure 10 can be performed by a separately provided traction means, it is sufficient to operate the crane CRN. However, since the structure 10 is in a neutral buoyancy state, the structure 10 and the underwater structure are connected with a rope, and the rope 10 can be wound up with a winch to easily carry the structure 10 in water. . Even if a diving operator winds the rope with a manual winch, the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state can be moved in water.

4). Sixth and seventh steps (FIGS. 22 and 23, FIGS. 17 and 18)
Immediately before the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state by the execution of the step S5 is arranged at the predetermined position shown in FIG. 21, or in the shortest possible period thereafter, the cylinders of the columns P1, P2 immediately above the gantry CR1, CR2 Finish the work of installing the reinforcing bars RF1 and RF2 in a bowl shape around them. After the rebar installation work is completed, the sections 100A, 100C and the sections 100B, 100C remain in a “closed state” without changing the position of the structure 10 (particularly the section 100C) and the pillars 1P1, P2. As shown in FIG. 22, the ropes that have been secured to become loosened or removed, and the rotating shaft directions of the hinge mechanisms 101H and 102H are maintained in the vertical direction, so that the partition portions 100A and 100C and the partition portions 100B and 100C Is set to “open state” (sixth step S6).

  After the partition parts 100A and 100C and the partition parts 100B and 100C are set to the “open state”, as shown in FIGS. 23 (a) and 23 (b), between the hooked part 110A and the hooked part 110b, Fastening metal fittings Ma (not shown) that function as hooked parts to the section 100A near the place where the buoyant body 221b is attached by connecting the hooking part 110B and the hooked part 110a with a rope RPx. A metal fitting Mb (not shown) that connects the metal fitting and the hooked portion 221b with a rope and functions as a hooked portion in the partition 100B near the place where the buoyant body 221c is attached (see FIG. (Not shown) is attached with a fastening metal fitting (not shown), and the metal fitting and the hooked portion 221b are connected with a rope so as not to return to the “closed state”.

  In addition, in the process of making the partition parts 100A, 100C and the partition parts 100B, 100C `` opened state '', the structure 10 loses the balance of the underwater posture, and in the event of a situation where it tilts or falls, The other end of the slinging wire rope whose one end is hooked on the hooked portion of the structure 10 may be kept hooked on the hook 130 of the crane CRN.

  In addition, when it is possible to envisage in advance a case where it is preferable to moor the structure 10 in the operation of making the partition portions 100A, 100C and the partition portions 100B, 100C “open state”, in advance, as a ridge 80 The mounting member 60x having the functioning weight 50x and the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x is selected as the ridge 500 and the mounting member 600, respectively, and the weight 50x is landed on the bottom BW using the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x, The structure 10 may be moored in the water until the above-mentioned reinforcing bar installation work is completed by generating the restraint force of the rod 80. In that case, when there is a concern about the relative decrease in the settling force G acting on the structure 10 due to the landing of the ridge 80, the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and the mooring by the ridge 80 are compatible. Therefore, a decrease in the settling force G is prevented by adding a weight attached to the structure 10 or relatively reducing the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 by the buoyancy adjusting device.

  Next, the hooked portion 110C and the hooked portion M1 of the pillar P1 are connected by the wire rope RP1 via the two pillars P1 and P2, and the wire rope RP1 is manually wound. A manual winch Wn1 is attached, and the hooked part 110D and the hooked part M2 of the pillar P2 are connected by a wire rope RP2 via the two pillars P1 and P2, and the wire Install the manual winch Wn2 for manually winding the rope RP2. Then, the diving operator operates the manual winches Wn1 and Wn2 to wind up the wire ropes RP1 and RP2. Thereby, the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state is moved toward the column surface along the path r3. By this movement, dH * is made zero and further negative (that is, moved until the partition portion 100A or the partition portion 100B is located above the circumscribed surface of the two pillars P1 and P2), and dH is brought close to zero.

  When dH approaches zero to some extent, the wire ropes RP1, RP2 and the manual winding winches Wn1, Wn2 are removed, and this time the two pillars P1, between the bracket Ma (not shown) and the hooked part 110C are removed. Connect with the wire rope RP3 so that the pillar P1 can be wound without passing between P2, and attach the manual winch Wn3 to wind the wire rope RP3 manually. In addition, the wire rope RP4 is manually connected to the metal fitting Mb (not shown) and the hooked portion 110D with the wire rope RP4 so that the pillar P2 can be wound without passing between the two pillars P1 and P2. Attach a manual winch Wn4 to wind up. Then, the diving operator operates the manual winches Wn3 and Wn4 to wind up the wire ropes RP3 and RP4. Thereby, the structure 10 in the neutral buoyancy state is further moved along the path r3 until the main axis of the partition part 100C reaches the column surface (see FIG. 23C). By this movement, dH is set to zero or substantially zero to the extent that does not hinder subsequent work (seventh step S7).

  In the process of preventing the partition parts 100A, 100C and the partition parts 100B, 100C from returning to the “closed state” and / or the process of moving the structure 10 along the path r3, the structure 10 Keeping the other end of the wire rope for slinging one end of the hooked part of the structure 10 on the hook 130 of the crane CRN in preparation for a situation where the balance of the posture is lost and tilted or falls. It may be left.

  Also, when it is possible to envisage in advance a case where it is preferable to moor the structure 10 in the process of preventing the partition portions 100A, 100C and the partition portions 100B, 100C from returning to the “closed state” The mounting member 60x having the weight 50x functioning as the rod 80 and the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x is selected in advance as the rod 500 and the mounting member 600, respectively, and the weight 50x is submerged using the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x. The structure 10 may be moored in the water until the above-described reinforcing bar installation work is completed by landing on the BW and generating a restraining force of the eaves 80. In that case, when there is a concern about the relative decrease in the settling force G acting on the structure 10 due to the landing of the ridge 80, the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in water and the mooring by the ridge 80 are compatible. Therefore, a decrease in the settling force G is prevented by adding a weight attached to the structure 10 or relatively reducing the buoyancy acting on the structure 10 by the buoyancy adjusting device.

5). Eighth step (FIGS. 24, 15 to 18)
Next, a rope RPx stretched to prevent the partition portions 100A, 100C and the partition portions 100B, 100C from returning to the “closed state”, and a wire rope attached to move the structure 10 along the path r3 RP3, 4 and manual winches Wn3, Wn4 are removed (see FIGS. 24A and 24B). In the case where the other end of the wire rope for slinging one end of which is hooked on the hook 130 of the crane CRN is hooked on the hooked portions 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d installed in the partition portions 100A, 100B Remove the sling wire rope. If the other end of the wire rope for hooking that is hooked to the hook 130 of the crane CRN is hooked to the hooked portions 110A, 110B, 110C, 110D installed in the partition 100C, continue the work It is not necessary to remove it unless it interferes with

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 24B, the partition portions 100A and 100C and the partition portions 100B and 100C are brought into a “closed state” while the rotation axis directions of the hinge mechanisms 101H and 102H are maintained in the vertical direction. In this “closed state”, as shown in FIG. 24C, the outer surface 141A of the partition part 100A that is concave when viewed in plan and the outer surface 140A of the partition part 100C that seals the opening of the concave surface of the outer surface 141A are formed. The pillar P1 is arranged inside, and at least a part of the existing reinforcing bar rod RF1 is also arranged. Further, the pillar P2 is disposed in a closed ring formed by the outer surface 141B of the partition part 100B that is concave when viewed in plan and the outer surface 140B of the partition part 100C that seals the opening of the concave surface of the outer surface 141B, and at least the existing reinforcing bar rod RF2 Some are also placed. Subsequently, in order to maintain this “closed state”, the partition portion 100A and the partition portion 100C are temporarily mounted at the facing position opposite to the hinge mechanism 101H so that the partition portion 100A and the partition portion 100C do not rotate around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism 101H. Stop. Similarly, in order to prevent the partition part 100B and the partition part 100C from rotating and rotating around the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism 102H, the provisional position between the partition part 100B and the partition part 100C on the opposite side to the hinge mechanism 102H is temporarily set. Stop (eighth step S8). The temporary fixing method may be any method as long as it does not hinder the subsequent process, but it is convenient to perform the method by bolting or using a fastening bracket.

6). Ninth and tenth steps (FIGS. 25 to 26)
FIG. 25A shows an intermediate stage of the process S8 (for example, a stage in which the partition sections 100A and 100C and the partition sections 100B and 100C are brought into a “closed state”) and before and after the temporary fixing in the final stage of the process S8. As shown, the structure 10 and the pillars P1, P2 are connected with a wire rope, and a manual winch Wn5 for manually winding the wire rope is attached. More specifically, for example, each of the two hooked portions 110A and 110C and the common hooked portion M1 are connected with a wire rope, and a manual winch for manually winding the wire rope is attached (then In this case, a representative of the total of two wire ropes and a total of two manual winches are the wire rope RP5 and the manual winch Wn5 in FIG. 25). Similarly, each of the two hooked portions 110B and 110D and the common hooked portion M2 are connected with a wire rope, and a manual winch for manually winding the wire rope is attached (total in that case) A representative of the two wire ropes and the total of two manual winches are the wire rope RP6 and the manual winch Wn6 in FIG. 25).

  Next, the buoyancy bodies are removed in order from the smallest (see FIG. 25 (b)), the buoyancy adjusting device (not shown) is used to reduce the buoyancy acting on the structure, or a weight is added, or a combination thereof Is set so that the sinking force G exceeds the levitation force F (in other words, the neutral buoyancy state is canceled and the structure 10 sinks), and is wound around the manual winches Wn5 and Wn6. By unwinding the wire ropes RP5, RP6 little by little, as shown in FIG. 25 (b), the structure 10 is settled along the path r4, and the partition portions 100A, 100B and eventually the structure 10 are mounted on the stands CR1, CR2. It is made to land on (9th process S9).

  In the case where the buoyancy acting on the structure is reduced using a buoyancy adjustment device (not shown), the relationship with performing at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage to the inside of the structure. In addition, it is easy to control the buoyancy, and it is also easy to set a small speed for releasing the neutral buoyancy state of the structure. When the neutral buoyancy state of the structure is gradually released, the structure is unlikely to cause a sudden change in position or posture, so that the possibility of an operator (particularly a diving worker) being involved in an accident is reduced. And work is safer. Therefore, in step S9, when releasing the neutral buoyancy state of the structure 10 in order to sink the structure 10 along the path r4, the buoyancy adjustment device is used to gradually change the buoyancy state in water. It is more preferable to cancel.

  Next, after the landing of the structure 10 on the gantry CR1 and CR2 is completed, the partition part 100A and the partition part 100C temporarily fixed in the step S8 are finally fixed, and similarly, the partition part 100B and Fully secure the partition 100C. Further, the structure 10 is fixed to the gantry CR1, CR2. Typical examples of the fastening and fixing method are underwater welding, bolt fastening, and narrow fastening with a dedicated metal fitting.

  In order to fill the gaps between the partition portions 100A and 100C and the pillars P1 and between the partition portion 100B and the partition portions 100C and the pillars P2 and holding the reinforcing bars RF1 and RF2, a filler is injected and solidified. Typical examples of the filler in that case are concrete, mortar, and synthetic resin that solidify in water.

  At this stage, the installation of the structure 10 as a member, device or the like that constitutes a part of the underwater structure or reinforces the underwater structure is almost completed. Thereafter, the buoyant body, weight, attachment member, and adjusting means that have completed their mission are removed (tenth step S10). In that case, when the removed weight, attachment member, adjustment means, and the like are attached to the removed buoyancy body and floated, the recovery operation progresses.

  The internal space 91 (not shown) included in the structure 10 is finally filled with water. However, the air filled in all or a part of the internal space 91 is left, and buoyancy acting on the structure 10 is generated due to the air, thereby acting on the columns P1 and P2 via the gantry CR1 and CR2. You may make it reduce power. If a series of work was performed with the scaffolds WT1 and WT2 attached, in principle, they will be removed.

7). Summary The horizontal movement of the route r1 and the vertical movement of the route r2 (see FIG. 19) and the horizontal movement of the route r3 (see FIG. 23) executed in the step S7 are executed from step S4 to step S5. Since the structure 10 is conveyed underwater in a neutral buoyancy state, the above-described underwater conveyance method has the effect of the seventh aspect of the present invention.

  Since the above-described underwater conveyance method executes step S3 and step S5, the effect of the eighth aspect of the present invention is exhibited and the process S1 is performed. Therefore, the effect of the ninth aspect of the present invention is exhibited, and the process Since S3 is executed, the effect of the tenth aspect of the present invention is achieved.

  Further, there are cases where part of the buoyancy body, weight, etc. necessary for making the structure 10 in a neutral buoyancy state in water is attached to the structure 10 in step S2 and the rest is attached to the structure 10 in step S3. The above-described underwater transport method has the effect of the eleventh aspect of the present invention. There are a plurality of buoyant bodies to be attached in step S3 or step S2 and step S3, and when the top of some of the plurality of buoyant bodies has reached the virtual water level L *, the rest of the buoyant bodies are entirely at the virtual water level. Since it arrange | positions below L *, said underwater conveyance method has an effect of the 12th form of this invention.

  When the attachment member 60x having the weight 50x functioning as the rod 80 and the weight lifting / lowering adjusting means 70x is selected as the rod 500 and the attachment member 600, respectively, the above-described underwater conveyance method is the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. There is an effect.

  Since the buoyancy adjustment step can be executed by operating the buoyancy adjustment device, the effect of the fourteenth aspect of the present invention is achieved.

  In the process of executing Step S8 and Step S9 or Steps S8 to S10, the structure in the neutral buoyancy state is drawn to the underwater structure side, and the neutral buoyancy state is released and attached to the underwater structure. The effect of the fifteenth aspect is exerted.

<Another example of underwater transport method>
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of another underwater transport method for a structure for an underwater structure according to the present invention. In the figure, the underwater arrangement structure 1 including the structure 10 in the state of neutral buoyancy in water is completely submerged under the water surface L. The underwater arrangement structure 1 includes a weight 50k and the weight 50k below the water surface L. A buoyancy body 20k that generates buoyancy sufficient to suspend the buoyancy is attached. Since the underwater arrangement structure 1 is already in a state in which the levitation force F and the settling force G are in balance, in order to realize the underwater arrangement structure of the structure depicted in FIG. It is sufficient to prepare a buoyancy body (and therefore a small buoyancy body) 20k that generates buoyancy commensurate with the small weight 50k and attach it to the underwater arrangement structure 1.

  Since the underwater arrangement structure of the structure depicted in FIG. 27 is the same as the underwater arrangement structure of the structure described in Patent Document 2, the underwater conveyance method is the same as the conventional one.

  According to this another underwater conveyance method, the effect of the 16th form of this invention is show | played.

1, 100, 200… Underwater arrangement structure for structures for underwater structures
10… Structure
20, 21, 220, 221… Buoyant body
30, 31, 320, 321… Mounting member
40, 41, 420, 421… Adjustment means
50, 500… weight
510… Weight mounting member
60… Mounting member
70… Weight lifting / lowering adjustment means
80… 錨
90… Buoyancy adjustment device
91… Interior space
110… Hook
120… Crest tool
130 ... Crane hook L ... Water surface F ... Levitation force G ... Settling force m ... Marking member
P1, P2… Underwater structure pillars

Claims (16)

An underwater arrangement structure of a structure constituting a part or all of the underwater structure,
It has a structure to be placed in water, a plurality of buoyancy bodies, and a plurality of mounting members.
Each of the plurality of attachment members connects each of the plurality of buoyancy bodies and the structure,
Each of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is fully submerged with the mounting member,
An underwater arrangement structure of a structure for an underwater structure, wherein the structure is in a neutral buoyancy state in water. The attachment member includes an adjusting means for adjusting a distance between at least one of the plurality of buoyancy bodies and the structure,
The underwater posture of the structure can be adjusted by the adjusting means,
2. The structure for underwater structure according to claim 1, wherein at least one top of the plurality of buoyancy bodies is located above the top of the remaining plurality of buoyancy bodies. Underwater arrangement structure.   The underwater arrangement structure for a structure for an underwater structure according to claim 2, further comprising a weight attached to the structure. There are a plurality of the weights,
4. The underwater structure according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the plurality of weights is a ridge that can be landed on a water bottom by adjusting a distance between the plurality of weights. Structure for underwater installation. The structure includes at least two compartments,
Adjacent compartments are connected by a hinge mechanism,
The underwater arrangement of the structure for an underwater structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is adjusted to be vertical or substantially vertical. Construction.   The buoyancy adjusting device for adjusting the buoyancy acting on the structure by performing at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage with respect to the inside of the structure. The underwater arrangement structure of the structure for underwater structures according to any one of 1 to 5. A structure underwater transport method for constituting part or all of an underwater structure,
A first step of preparing a structure;
A second step of attaching an adjusting means for adjusting the underwater posture and a weight and a buoyancy body to the structure;
A third step of setting the structure to a neutral buoyancy state in water by the adjusting means, the weight and the buoyancy body, and transporting the structure in the neutral buoyancy state underwater. , Underwater transport method of structure.   The first step includes a step of transporting at least a part of the structure to a work site after being manufactured in a factory separated from a work site that transports the structure in water. The method for conveying a structure in water according to claim 7.   The second step includes a step of immersing the structure in water with a crane and maintaining the submerged state, and a step of attaching the adjusting means, the weight, and the buoyancy body to the submerged structure. The method for conveying a structure in water according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the structure is underwater.   The second step includes a step of attaching at least one of the adjusting means, the weight and the buoyant body before submerging the structure, and attaching the rest to the structure after submerging. The method for conveying a structure in water according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the structure is underwater.   The buoyancy body is a plurality of buoyancy bodies, and the third step is to arrange the structure in a state where the top of the remaining portion is lower than the top of some of the buoyancy bodies. The method for transporting a structure in water according to any one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising a step of transporting in water.   The weight is a plurality of weights, and the third step includes the step of landing at least one of the plurality of weights on the bottom of the water at at least one of the start, the process, and the end of the execution. The method for transporting a structure in water according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized by comprising:   The third step includes a buoyancy adjustment step of adjusting a buoyancy acting on the structure by performing at least one of air supply, exhaust, water supply, and drainage with respect to the inside of the structure. The underwater transport method for a structure according to any one of claims 7 to 12.   In the third step, the structure is transported near the underwater structure, and the structure transported near the underwater structure is pulled toward the underwater structure in a neutral buoyancy state. 14. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: a step and a step of releasing the neutral buoyancy state of the structure drawn into the underwater structure side and attaching the structure to the underwater structure. The underwater conveyance method of a structure as described. A structure underwater transport method for constituting part or all of an underwater structure,
A step of setting the structure to a neutral buoyancy state in water by immersing the structure until each of the plurality of buoyancy bodies attached to the structure by the attachment member is submerged together with the attachment member;
A buoyancy body different from the weight and the plurality of buoyancy bodies is attached to the structure that is in a neutral buoyancy state in water, and the structure to which the weight and the other buoyancy body are attached is attached to the other buoyancy body. Without submerging the whole, and setting the state suspended in the other buoyant body in water,
A step of conveying the structure in a state suspended from the other buoyant body in water without submerging the whole of the other buoyant body in water. . The structure includes at least two compartments,
Adjacent compartments are connected by a hinge mechanism,
The method of transporting a structure in water according to any one of claims 7 to 15, wherein the rotation axis of the hinge mechanism is adjusted to be vertical or substantially vertical.

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