JP6069761B2 - Penetration type lateral loading test method and penetration type lateral loading test apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a penetrating lateral loading test method and an penetrating lateral loading test apparatus that obtain continuous ground information in the depth direction by penetrating a resistor (sonde) attached to the tip of a rod into the ground.

Many methods have been used in the past for obtaining ground information by penetrating a resistor attached to the tip of a rod into the ground.
In particular, a method called a dilatometer is widely used worldwide. The feature of this dilatometer method is that the equipment and operation are simple and robust.

  Penetration of the resistor to a predetermined depth, pressurizing the back of the membrane contained in the resistor through a measuring instrument and a hose from a high-pressure gas cylinder, initial pressure P0 when pushed out to the front, further pressurizing to a predetermined displacement (normally 1.1mm) is a so-called displacement control type one-stage one-cycle loading test, which measures the pressure P1 when the gas pressure is lowered and the membrane returns to its original state. Does not require special technology.

It is mechanically simpler than this method, and many measure the penetration resistance of various fixed shape resistors.
Among them, the most popular in Japan is the standard penetration test JIS A 1219 in which a predetermined sampler is driven. Similar ones include JIS A 1220 for measuring resistance when a cone is penetrated and JIS A 1221 for measuring penetration resistance of a screw point.

  At present, the “Academic Society Standard JGS 1435”, in which various measuring sensors are incorporated in a resistor such as a cone, is increasing.

In addition to this, there is an investigation method for obtaining ground information having a fine structure considered by the applicant.
This investigation method does not press and deform a part of the resistor, but the resistor surface is roughened so that it does not slip, and the upper part of the resistor protrudes toward the top (or diameter is large). There is a monotonic displacement control type loading shear test method by penetrating a table.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-189537 JP 2007-239444 A

  In view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, the present invention does not require heavy equipment such as a high-pressure gas cylinder like the dilatometer method, can be reduced in weight, can be easily operated, and has a subtle change in the depth direction of the ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide an intrusion-type lateral loading test method and an intrusion-type lateral loading test apparatus that can quickly capture almost continuous ground information by simply capturing a resistor.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a penetrating lateral method loading test apparatus capable of reducing ground disturbance due to penetration of a resistor and preventing bending penetration and changes in ground pressure.

  Furthermore, the present invention provides an intrusion-type lateral loading test apparatus capable of reducing ground disturbance due to the penetration of the resistor so as to prevent the influence on the measurement surface due to the movement of the earth corresponding to the volume of the resistor. The other purpose is to do.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more fully apparent when the following description is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
However, the drawings are for explanation only and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an opposing lateral loading test method for obtaining continuous ground information in the depth direction by attaching a resistor to the tip of the rod and penetrating it into the ground. A vertical surface is formed on the upper and lower parts, and a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge combined with each is mounted on the vertical surfaces of the upper and lower surface parts, and a gentle gradient is provided between the upper and lower surface parts. Forming a convex surface, and using the resistor equipped with either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure meter or a combination earth pressure meter in combination with the convex surface, and penetrating the resistor into the ground, the upper and lower parts Intrusion-type horizontal by performing various displacement control loading tests with either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge combined with this. It constitutes a counter-loading test method.

  Further, the present invention provides an intrusion type lateral loading test apparatus that obtains continuous ground information in the depth direction by attaching a resistor to the tip of a rod and penetrating the resistor into the ground. A resistor body in which a surface portion is formed as a vertical surface and a convex surface is formed between the upper and lower surface portions with a gentle gradient, and a soil pressure gauge mounted on one or both of the opposing upper and lower surface portions and the convex surface of the resistor body. An intrusion-type lateral load test apparatus is constituted by any one of a pore water pressure gauge or a combination earth pressure gauge in combination with this.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.
(1) According to claim 1, a vertical surface is formed on the upper and lower parts, and a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination earth pressure gauge in combination with each is mounted on each of the vertical surfaces of the upper and lower surfaces. Since a convex surface is formed between the surface portions through a gentle gradient, and a resistance body equipped with either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure meter or a combination soil pressure meter in combination with this convex surface is used, the conventional dilatometer method is used. In addition, heavy equipment such as a high-pressure gas cylinder is unnecessary, and the weight can be reduced and the operation can be easily performed.
(2) By the above (1), almost continuous ground information can be obtained speedily only by penetrating the resistor, and subtle changes in the depth direction can be captured.
(3) In claim 2, the same effects as in the above (1) and (2) can be obtained.
(4) In claim 3, the same effects as in the above (1) and (2) can be obtained, the ground disturbance can be reduced by the penetrating blade, and the bending penetration can be prevented.
(5) Claim 4 can achieve the same effect as the above (1), (2), and (4), and is a hyperbolic blade using a substantially X-shaped, hyperbolic, trapezoidal upper contour shape. By the tip portion, it is possible to efficiently prevent the earth pressure at the time of penetration from entering the upper and lower surface portions and the smooth convex surface.
(6) Claim 5 can obtain the same effects as the above (1) and (2), and can further determine the ground physical properties for a minute displacement level or large deformation.
(7) In claim 6, the same effects as in the above (1) and (2) can be obtained, and the load control for displacement control can be repeated for two cycles only by inserting the resistor.

Explanatory drawing of the 1st form for implementing this invention. The front view of the resistor of the 1st form for carrying out the present invention. The side view of the resistor of the 1st form for carrying out the present invention. Sectional drawing which follows the 4-4 line | wire of FIG. Sectional drawing which follows the 5-5 line of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the measurement depth of the 1st form for implementing this invention. Explanatory drawing of the earth pressure of the measurement depth of the 1st form for implementing this invention. Explanatory drawing of the 2nd form for implementing this invention. The front view of the resistor of the 2nd form for carrying out the present invention. The side view of the resistor of the 2nd form for carrying out the present invention. Sectional drawing which follows the 11-11 line of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the 3rd form for implementing this invention. The front view of the resistor of the 3rd form for carrying out the present invention. The side view of the resistor of the 3rd form for carrying out the present invention. Sectional drawing in alignment with line 15-15 in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  In the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, 1 forms a smooth vertical surface on the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, 4 attached to the tip of the rod 2, The upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, 4 are each fitted with a meter 5, 5, 5 a, 5 a, which is either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge in combination with this. 3, 4, 4, smooth gentle slopes 6, 6, 7, 7 are formed, for example, smooth convex surfaces 8, 8 through an inclination of 5 degrees or less, and earth pressure gauges are formed on the smooth convex surfaces 8, 8. By inserting a resistor (sonde) 9 fitted with any of the pore water pressure gauges or the combination earth pressure gauges 5b and 5b into the ground 10, the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, Earth pressure gauge attached to smooth vertical surface and smooth convex surface 8, 8, pore water An intrusive lateral loading test method and apparatus for performing various displacement control loading tests with any of the meters 5, 5, 5a, 5a, 5b, 5b of a combination earth pressure gauge or a combination earth pressure gauge. In the direction loading test method and apparatus 1, the rod 2 to be used is inserted into the ground 10 using an insertion machine 11 that has been conventionally used.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the resistor 9 has a load transmission rod 12 attached to the tip end portion of the rod 2 in a screw-joined state via a cushion 13 and a spacer 14, and a load transmission rod passing through the center portion. A hyperbolic blade 16 using a substantially X-shaped, hyperbolic, or trapezoidal upper contour shape in which holes 15 are formed, and a hyperbolic blade 16 using a trapezoidal upper contour shape in the embodiment of the present invention, this blade The upper and lower surface portions provided in the portion excluding the tip portion of the blade 16 are formed in a smooth vertical surface at the opposing positions of the blade 16, and the smooth gentle gradient 6, 6, between the upper and lower surface portions 3, 4, 4, 7 and 7, a resistor body 17 composed of smooth convex surfaces 8 and 8, and the same surface as the lower surface portions 4 and 4 of the resistor body 17 and a gentle slope 18 or 18 on the back surface, for example, The penetrating blades 19 and 19 formed at 5 degrees or less; One of the earth pressure gauges, pore water pressure gauges or combination earth pressure gauges combined with each of the lower surface parts 3, 3, 4, 4 and the smooth convex surfaces 8, 8, respectively. 5a, 5b, 5b, cable space 20 connected to the instrument 5, 5, 5a, 5a, 5b, 5b and formed in the resistor body 17, and cable space for the spacer 14, cushion 13 and rod 2 The cables 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, and 23 are connected to the ground measuring device 22 through 21.

  The load transmitting rod 12 that has passed through the load transmitting rod through hole 15 of the resistor body 17 is screwed to the head of the penetrating blade 19.

  When the penetration type lateral loading test method 1 using the resistor 9 having the above-described configuration is performed, when the rod 2 and the resistor 9 are inserted into the ground 10 by the insertion 11, measurement is performed by the blade 16 as shown in FIG. It is possible to remove the soil in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces 24, 24 and penetrate the measurement surfaces 24, 24 so that an increase in underground stress is prevented by the blade 16.

  Moreover, the ground of the measurement surfaces 24 and 24 can be penetrated straight into the ground by the penetration blades 19 and 19 at the tip of the resistor 9 without being disturbed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the earth pressure P0 when the instruments 5a and 5a pass through the measuring depth 25, further the earth pressure P1 when the instruments 5b and 5b pass through, and the resistor 9 are further penetrated, and the instrument 5 5 is the earth pressure P2 when passing through the measurement depth 25, as shown in FIG.

  In the test, the resistor 9 is measured at 2 cm / Sec while penetrating into the ground 10 and stopped every 50 cm, and the effective earth pressure (total earth pressure-pore water pressure) is obtained from the change in the pore water pressure over time.

  Furthermore, the ground insertion machine 11 can move the resistor 9 up and down as necessary to perform repeated loading tests or perform vibration loading to determine the dynamic characteristics of the ground.

[Different forms for carrying out the invention]
Next, different modes for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 8 to 15 will be described. In the description of the different embodiments for carrying out the present invention, the same components as those in the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The second embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 is mainly different from the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention in that the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, and 4 are smooth. Smooth intermediate vertical surfaces 26, 26, 26, 26 are formed between the smooth convex surfaces 8, 8 via smooth gentle gradients 6, 6, 6 a, 6 a, 7 a, 7 a, 7, 7. A point of resistance 9A having a length capable of installing any one of 5g, 5c, 5d, and 5d of a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge in combination with this on the intermediate vertical surfaces 26, 26, 26, and 26. Thus, even with the penetration type lateral loading test apparatus method and apparatus 1A using such a resistor 9A, the same effects can be obtained, and further, ground physical properties for a minute displacement level or large deformation are obtained. be able to.

  The third embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 is mainly different from the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention in that two smooth convex portions 8, 8, 8 and 8 are formed, and the two smooth convex surfaces 8, 8, 8, 8 are smoothed vertically on the upper and lower portions through smooth gentle gradients 6, 6, 7, 7, 6, 6, 7, 7. Even in the penetration type lateral loading test method and apparatus 1B using such a resistor 9B in terms of using the resistor 9B formed with the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 3a, 3a, 4, 4 of the surface, Similar effects can be obtained, and a repeated loading test of two cycles can be performed.

  In each of the embodiments of the present invention, description will be given of a case where the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, 4 and the convex surfaces 8, 8 are each provided with either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination earth pressure gauge in combination thereof. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any one of a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge in combination with this is provided on only one side facing each other, or a different earth pressure gauge, pore water pressure gauge is provided on the opposite surface. Or you may provide either meter of the combination earth pressure gauge which combined this.

  Further, in each of the embodiments of the present invention, the hyperbolic blade 16 using the trapezoidal upper contour shape is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and substantially X-shaped and hyperbolic blades are used. Also good.

  Further, in each of the embodiments of the present invention, a smooth vertical surface is formed on the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, and 4 of the resistor (sonde) 9, and a smooth gentle gradient 6, 6, 7, and 7 are interposed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, 4, gentle gradients 6, 6, 7, 7, and convex surfaces 8, 8 are not limited to this. Alternatively, a resistor (sonde) 9 having upper and lower surface portions 3, 3, 4, 4, smooth gradients 6, 6, 7, 7, and convex surfaces 8, 8 that become smooth when a lubricating oil or lubricant is applied may be used.

  The present invention relates to a penetrating lateral loading test method and penetrating lateral loading test apparatus in which a resistor (sonde) is attached to the tip of a rod and penetrated into the ground to obtain continuous ground information in the depth direction. Used in industries that perform or manufacture.

1, 1A, 1B: Penetration type lateral loading test method and apparatus,
2, rod, 3: top surface,
4: Lower surface part,
5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d: instrument,
6, 7: gentle slope, 8: convex surface,
9, 9A, 9B: resistor (sonde),
10: underground, 11: insertion machine,
12: Load transmission rod, 13: Cushion,
14: Spacer, 15: Load transmission rod through hole,
16: Blade, 17: Resistor body,
18: Slow inclination, 19: Penetration blade,
20: Cable space, 21: Cable space,
22: Measuring instrument, 23: Cable,
24: measurement surface, 25: measurement depth,
26: Intermediate vertical plane.

Claims (6)

In the penetration type lateral loading test method for obtaining continuous ground information in the depth direction by attaching a resistor to the tip of the rod and penetrating it into the ground, a vertical surface is formed on the upper and lower parts facing each other, A vertical surface of the upper and lower surfaces is equipped with either a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination soil pressure gauge that combines this, and a convex surface is formed between the upper and lower surface portions through a gentle gradient, and the soil pressure gauge is formed on the convex surface. A soil pressure gauge attached to the vertical and convex surfaces of the upper and lower parts by penetrating the resistor into the ground, using a resistor equipped with either a pore water pressure gauge or a combination earth pressure gauge combined therewith, An intrusion type lateral loading test method characterized in that various displacement control loading tests are carried out using either a pore water pressure gauge or a combination earth pressure gauge combined therewith. In an intrusion type lateral loading test device that obtains continuous ground information in the depth direction by attaching a resistor to the tip of the rod and penetrating it into the ground, the upper and lower surface parts facing the resistor are made vertical. A resistor body having a convex surface formed between the upper and lower surface portions with a gentle gradient, and a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure meter, or one attached to one or both of the upper and lower surface portions and the convex surface facing each other. An intrusion-type lateral loading test apparatus characterized by comprising any one of a combination earth pressure gauge in combination with this. 3. A penetration blade formed so that a gently inclined taper is opposed to the back surface of the resistor main body is formed on the same surface as a lower surface portion of a smooth vertical surface. Intrusion type lateral loading test equipment. The resistor body has a horizontal cross section that is approximately X-shaped, hyperbolic, and a hyperbolic blade using a trapezoidal upper contour shape, and is provided at a position opposite to the blade, except for the tip of the blade. 4. The penetrating lateral loading test apparatus according to claim 2, comprising a smooth upper and lower surface portion and a smooth convex surface. A smooth intermediate vertical surface is formed in a smooth gentle slope portion between the smooth upper and lower surface portions and the smooth convex surface of the resistor body, and any of a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, or a combination earth pressure gauge in combination thereof is formed on the portion. An intrusion-type lateral loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a measuring instrument is provided. The resistor body has two smooth convex portions, and upper and lower surface portions of a smooth vertical surface are formed on the upper and lower portions of the two smooth convex portions through a smooth gentle gradient. The penetration type lateral loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

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