JP6065166B1 - Solid matter containing hopper guide device and solid matter containing hopper facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The conveyor is prevented from coming into contact with the dust accumulated in the hopper, and the capacity of the hopper can be effectively used. The cup (100) transported by the conveyor (104) in the shape of a cup having an upper opening (2A) is disposed at the bottom of the hopper (2) to be stored by dropping from the upper opening (2A), and can be expanded and contracted freely. A guide body (3) and an air compressor (4) that expands and contracts the guide body (3). When the guide body (3) is deployed, the guide body (3) has a substantially mountain shape, and dust ( When 100) is guided to the side surface (21) side of the hopper (2) and contracted, it becomes a flat state substantially along the bottom of the hopper (2).

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid material storage hopper guide device for storing and collecting a solid material such as dust in a hopper and a solid material storage hopper facility including the guide device.

  For example, a water intake screen is installed at the water intake of the power plant to prevent the output of the generator from decreasing, so that dust such as garbage and driftwood is not mixed into the power intake. Then, the dust accumulated on the water intake screen is removed (raised) by a dust remover, and the removed dust is transferred to a hopper (accommodating box) by a conveyor, and dropped and accommodated in the hopper (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ). Then, when a certain amount of dust in the hopper accumulates, it is separated and carried out each time.

JP 05-263410 A

  By the way, since the dust carried by the conveyor is dropped and accommodated from the upper part of the opening of the hopper, it is piled up in the hopper, and the central part (just below the dropping part from the conveyor) becomes high. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the front-end | tip part of a conveyor may contact dust and a conveyor may be out of order and operation stop. If the conveyor breaks down, the dust removed by the dust remover cannot be moved or conveyed, and dust removal cannot be performed by the dust remover, resulting in no power generation / water intake. For this reason, it was necessary to always visually check the state of dust accumulation.

  Furthermore, in order to prevent the conveyor from coming into contact with the dust and to maximize the capacity and capacity of the hopper, it is necessary to flatten the piled dust using a rake manually. It was. Especially during flooding, the inflow of dust from upstream rivers increased, so it was necessary to frequently monitor and flatten the hopper. For this reason, not only a great deal of time and labor is required, but it is difficult to secure workers on holidays and at night, and it is necessary to consider and care for workers in terms of safety and health.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a solid material containing hopper guide device and a solid material containing hopper facility that prevent the conveyor from contacting the solid material accumulated in the hopper and effectively use the capacity of the hopper. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is disposed at the bottom of a hopper in which a solid material conveyed by a conveyor in a cup shape having an upper opening falls and is stored from the upper opening, A guide body that can be expanded and contracted; and a drive mechanism that expands and contracts the guide body, and the guide body is changed from a expanded state to a contracted state when the solid material is accommodated, and has a substantially mountain shape when expanded. next, the solids dropped from the conveyor to guide the side surface of the hopper, Ri Do a flat state taken generally along the bottom of the hopper and contracts, the solid was deposited on the side surface side of the hopper one part Ru was flowing to the portion located at the top of the guide body, it is solid accommodating hopper guide device according to claim.

According to the present invention, the guide body is changed from the expanded state when the solid material is accommodated to the contracted state, and when the guide body is expanded, the solid material dropped from the conveyor is on the side surface side of the hopper. The solid matter accumulates on the side surface side (outer peripheral side) of the hopper. Next, when the guide body contracts and becomes a flat state substantially along the bottom of the hopper, a part of the solid matter accumulated on the side surface of the hopper flows to the portion located at the top of the guide body, and the The portion is depressed and solid matter is deposited. Subsequently, when the solid material falls from the conveyor, the solid material is deposited in the recessed portion, and the solid material is deposited in the hopper on average (almost flat with no height deviation).

  The invention according to claim 2 is the guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to claim 1, wherein the top of the guide body is located almost directly below the solid material falling from the conveyor in the expanded state. It is characterized by that.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to the first or second aspect, the guide body can be developed into a plurality of substantially mountain shapes having different inclination angles. Features.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to any one of the first to third aspects, the detection device is disposed on the hopper and detects the state of the solid material contained in the hopper. The drive mechanism expands and contracts the guide body based on a detection result of the detection unit.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to the first to fourth aspects, the guide body can be expanded and contracted by inflow and outflow of fluid, and the drive mechanism is configured to be the guide body. It is comprised by the fluid source which supplies the fluid to.

  Invention of Claim 6 is solid substance accommodation hopper equipment which has a hopper in which the solid substance conveyed by the conveyor in the shape of a cup which has upper opening falls from said upper opening, and is stored, 5. The solid material containing hopper guide device according to any one of 5 is provided.

According to the invention of claim 1,6, when receiving the solids, in Rukoto is changed to a state of being contracted from a state of being deployed guide body, because the solids are averaged deposited in the hopper Thus, the conveyor can be prevented from coming into contact with the accumulated solid matter, and the capacity of the hopper can be effectively utilized. In addition, it is not necessary to monitor the accumulation state of the solid matter in the hopper or to flatten the piled solid matter manually, so that the work time and labor of the worker can be significantly reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the top portion of the guide body is located almost directly below the solid matter falling from the conveyor, the solid matter dropped from the conveyor is averaged on all side surfaces of the hopper. Guided, solids are deposited on the outer peripheral side in the hopper on average. As a result, it becomes possible to deposit the solid matter on the average in the hopper.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the guide body can be developed into a plurality of substantially mountain shapes having different inclination angles, the solid body can be obtained by changing the inclination angle of the guide body according to the type of solid matter or the accumulation state. Can be deposited on the average in the hopper.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the guide body is automatically expanded and contracted by the drive mechanism based on the solid state accommodation state (deposition state) detected by the detector, so that the worker can accommodate the solid matter. It is not necessary to expand and contract the guide body by looking at the state. As a result, the work time and labor of the worker can be reduced, and the guide body can be expanded and contracted at an appropriate timing, so that the solid matter can be deposited in the hopper on average.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the fluid is supplied to the guide body from the drive mechanism constituted by the fluid source, and the guide body expands and contracts only by flowing the fluid into and out of the guide body. The expansion and contraction can be controlled appropriately, quickly and easily. In addition, since the drive mechanism is configured by a fluid source and only the fluid is allowed to flow into and out of the guide body, the drive mechanism can be simply configured, and the facility cost and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

It is the top view (a) and front view (b) which show the solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus provided with this solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and this solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus. It is a figure which shows the dust removal equipment periphery of the power plant to which the guide apparatus for solid substance accommodation hoppers of FIG. 1 is applied. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the use condition which the guide body of the guide apparatus for solid substance accommodation hoppers of FIG. 1 expand | deployed. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the use condition which the guide body of the guide apparatus for solid substance accommodation hoppers of FIG. 1 contracted. It is a front view (the inside of a guide body is sectional drawing) which shows the solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus provided with this solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and this solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus. FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state in which the guide body of the solid material containing hopper guide device of FIG.

  The present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 to 4 show this embodiment, and FIG. 1 shows a solid material containing hopper guide device 1 according to this embodiment and a solid material containing hopper provided with the solid material containing hopper guide device 1. It is the top view (a) which shows the installation 10, and the front view (b). This solid material containing hopper guide device 1 is a device for properly containing and collecting solid matter in the hopper 2, and mainly includes a guide body 3, an air compressor (drive mechanism) 4, and a distance sensor (detection). Part) 5.

  Here, in this embodiment, the case where the solid material is the garbage 100 such as garbage or driftwood will be mainly described. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a water intake screen 102 is installed at the water intake 101 of the power plant, and a dust remover 103 is installed above the water intake screen 102. Further, the conveyor 104 is installed such that the base end portion 104 a of the conveyor 104 is adjacent to the dust remover 103, the tip end portion 104 b side is directed upward, and the hopper 2 is installed below the tip end portion 104 b of the conveyor 104. The hopper 2 is installed above the ground by the support pillar 20.

  Then, the dust 100 staying on the water intake screen 102 is removed (raised) by the dust remover 103, and the removed dust 100 is placed on the conveyor 104. Subsequently, the garbage 100 is conveyed to the hopper 2 by the conveyor 104 and is dropped and accommodated in the hopper 2. Thereafter, when a certain amount of the dust 100 in the hopper 2 is accumulated, for example, it is separated into general waste such as driftwood and industrial waste such as bottles and cans, and is carried out by a truck each time.

  The hopper 2 has a cup shape having an upper opening 2A, and is a storage box in which the dust 100 conveyed by the conveyor 104 falls from the upper opening 2A and is stored. As shown in FIG. 1, the hopper 2 has a substantially square cubic shape in this embodiment, and has an open / close door (not shown) for taking out the dust 100 on one side surface (side wall) 21. The bottom is flat (planar). Moreover, the hopper 2 is arrange | positioned so that the dust 100 may fall to the approximate center part on a plane.

  The guide body 3 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 2 and can be expanded, contracted, and contracted. When the guide body 3 is expanded, the guide body 3 has a substantially mountain shape, and guides the dust 100 dropped from the conveyor 104 to the side surface 21 of the hopper 2 and contracts. It becomes a flat state substantially along the bottom of the hopper 2. The air compressor 4 is a drive unit that expands and contracts the guide body 3.

  Specifically, the guide body 3 is made of an elastic material (for example, a hard rubber material) that can be extended and contracted and has a desired strength, is in a bag shape or a balloon shape, and the bottom surface is fixed along the entire bottom surface of the hopper 2. ing. In this embodiment, it is shaped in advance so as to be in a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape when inflated and flattened when shrunk. The guide body 3 expands and contracts due to the inflow and outflow of compressed air.

  On the other hand, the air compressor 4 is an air source (fluid source) that generates compressed air (fluid) and supplies the compressed air (fluid) to the guide body 3. The air compressor 4 is disposed outside the hopper 2 and is connected to the guide body 3 via an air pipe 41. It is connected. Then, when compressed air is supplied / inflowed from the air compressor 4 to the guide body 3, the guide body 3 swells into a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape (substantially mountain shape) as shown by reference numeral 3A in FIG. When the compressed air completely escapes (flows out) from the guide body 3, the guide body 3 contracts and becomes almost flat along the bottom of the hopper 2 as indicated by reference numeral 3C in FIG.

  Here, the strength of the guide body 3 is set so as not to be damaged or deformed even when the dust 100 is accumulated. Further, the drive mechanism may be configured by a hydraulic pressure source instead of the air compressor 4 according to the weight of the accumulated dust 100, and the pressure oil may be supplied into the guide body 3 instead of the compressed air. Furthermore, although the bottom surface of the guide body 3 is fixed to the bottom portion of the hopper 2, the bottom portion of the hopper 2 may also serve as the bottom surface of the guide body 3 without having the bottom surface / bottom portion in the guide body 3 itself.

  Such a guide body 3 is formed and arranged so that the top portion 31 of the guide body 3 is located almost immediately below the dust 100 falling from the conveyor 104. That is, in this embodiment, as described above, the dust 100 falls on the substantially central portion on the plane of the hopper 2, so that the substantially central portion on the plane of the guide body 3 as shown in FIG. Are formed and arranged so that the top portion 31 is located at the top.

  On the other hand, when the dust 100 does not fall at the substantially central portion on the plane of the hopper 2, the top portion 31 is located at the dropping position, and the guide body 3 is formed and arranged in an uneven (tilted) mountain shape.

  Moreover, the guide body 3 can be developed into a plurality of substantially mountain shapes having different inclination angles (vertical angles). That is, by changing the inflow amount (air pressure) of the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 4, the height of the quadrangular pyramid in which the guide body 3 swells changes, and it develops into a plurality of quadrangular pyramids with different inclination angles. ing.

  Here, by arbitrarily changing the inflow of compressed air, the height and inclination angle of the quadrangular pyramid are arbitrarily changed. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The two quadrangular pyramids 3A can be developed into two quadrangular pyramids 3A and a second quadrangular pyramid 3B that is approximately half the height of the first quadrangular pyramid 3A. The first quadrangular pyramid 3A and the second quadrangular pyramid 3B guide the dust 100 dropped from the conveyor 104 to the side surface 21 of the hopper 2 and then shrink in the hopper 2 when the dust 100 accumulates. The height and the inclination angle are set so that the dust 100 is deposited on the average.

  The distance sensor 5 is a sensor that is disposed in the hopper 2 and detects the accommodation state of the dust 100 in the hopper 2. That is, a sensor that detects the distance to the object, for example, by applying ultrasonic waves or light (infrared, laser, etc.) to the object and calculating the distance to the object based on the reflected ultrasonic waves or light, Disposed at the four corners of the opening edge of the upper opening 2A of the hopper 2, respectively. By calculating the distance to the dust 100 accommodated in the hopper 2 with each distance sensor 5 as described above, it is possible to detect where and how much the dust 100 is accommodated in the hopper 2.

  The air compressor 4 expands and contracts the guide body 3 based on the detection result of the distance sensor 5. That is, a control unit (not shown) for controlling the air compressor 4 and each distance sensor 5 are connected to be able to communicate with each other, and a detection result (distance to the dust 100) from each distance sensor 5 is sequentially transmitted to the control unit. The Then, when the dust 100 accumulates to a predetermined height in the hopper 2 in a state where the guide body 3 is deployed (when the distance from the distance sensor 5 to the dust 100 reaches a predetermined value), the control unit turns the air compressor 4 on. By controlling, the compressed air in the guide body 3 is extracted and the guide body 3 is expanded and contracted. At this time, the guide body 3 is unfolded and contracted at the latest before the tip 104b of the conveyor 104 contacts the dust 100 in the hopper 2.

  Further, the guide body 3 may be arbitrarily expanded and contracted in accordance with the accommodation state of the dust 100 in the hopper 2 as a detection result of each distance sensor 5. For example, when the dust 100 accumulates in the hopper 2 to the first height in the state of the first quadrangular pyramid 3A, the guide body 3 is contracted and expanded into the second quadrangular pyramid 3B, and then in the hopper 2 When the dust 100 is deposited to the second height, the guide body 3 is completely contracted to be in a flat state 3C. Furthermore, the guide body 3 may be expanded small again after being expanded depending on the accommodation state of the dust 100 or the like.

  Next, operation | movement, an effect | action, etc. of the solid substance accommodation hopper guide apparatus 1 and the solid substance accommodation hopper equipment 10 of such a structure are demonstrated.

  First, compressed air is supplied from the air compressor 4 to the guide body 3 in a state where the dust 100 is not accommodated in the hopper 2, and the guide body 3 is developed into the first square pyramid 3A. When the dust 100 is conveyed from the conveyor 104 in this state, as shown in FIG. 3, the dust 100 dropped from the front end portion 104b of the conveyor 104 is guided to the side surface 21 side of the hopper 2 by the guide body 3, and the hopper 2 The dust 100 accumulates on the side surface 21 side (outer peripheral side).

  Next, the accommodation state of the dust 100 in the hopper 2 is detected and monitored by the distance sensor 5, and when the dust 100 accumulates to a predetermined height in the hopper 2, the air compressor 4 is driven and controlled to compress the guide body 3. Air is blown out. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the guide body 3 is completely contracted to be in a flat state 3 </ b> C substantially along the bottom of the hopper 2.

  As a result, a part of the dust 100 accumulated on the side surface 21 side of the hopper 2 flows to a portion (almost central portion on the plane of the hopper 2) located at the top portion 31 of the guide body 3 as shown in the figure. The portion is depressed and the dust 100 is deposited. That is, the dust 100 flows and accumulates so that the portion (center portion) where the dust 100 falls is low and the periphery (side 21 side) is high.

  Subsequently, when the dust 100 falls from the conveyor 104, as shown in the figure, the dust 100 accumulates in the recessed portion, and the dust 100 accumulates in the hopper 2 on average (almost flat with no height deviation). Is done.

  As described above, according to the solid-material-accommodating hopper guide device 1 and the solid-material-accommodating hopper facility 10, the dust 100 is averagely deposited in the hopper 2 by expanding or contracting the guide body 3. Therefore, the conveyor 104 can be prevented from contacting the accumulated dust 100, and the capacity of the hopper 2 can be used effectively. Further, it is not necessary to monitor the accumulation state of the dust 100 in the hopper 2 or to flatten the piled dust 100 by human power, so that the working time and labor of the worker can be significantly reduced. As a result, not only the safety and health of the worker are improved, but the worker can concentrate on dam discharge. Moreover, since it is reduced that the conveyor 104 comes into contact with the garbage 100 and the conveyor 104 breaks down and stops operation, it is possible to maintain power generation satisfactorily by continuously and stably generating power.

  In addition, with the guide body 3 in the unfolded state, the top 31 is located almost directly below the dust 100 falling from the conveyor 104, so that the dust 100 falling from the conveyor 104 is guided to the entire side surface 21 side of the hopper on average. The dust 100 is deposited on the outer periphery 21 side in the hopper 2 on average. As a result, the dust 100 can be deposited on the hopper 2 on the average.

  Furthermore, since the guide body 3 can be developed into a plurality of substantially mountain shapes having different inclination angles, the trash 100 can be removed from the hopper by changing the inclination angle and height of the guide body 3 according to the type and accumulation state of the dust 100. It becomes possible to deposit on an average within 2.

  On the other hand, since the guide body 3 is automatically expanded and contracted by the air compressor 4 based on the accommodation state (deposition state) of the dust 100 detected by the distance sensor 5, the operator looks at the accommodation state of the dust 100. There is no need to expand and contract the guide body 3. As a result, the working time and labor of the worker can be reduced, and the guide body 3 can be expanded and contracted at an appropriate timing, and the dust 100 can be deposited in the hopper 2 on the average.

  Further, the compressed air is supplied to the guide body 3 from the drive mechanism constituted by the air compressor 4 and the guide body 3 expands and contracts only by flowing the compressed air into and out of the guide body 3. The expansion and contraction can be controlled appropriately, quickly and easily. In addition, since the drive mechanism only needs to be configured by the air compressor 4 to allow the fluid to flow into and out of the guide body 3, the configuration can be simplified and the facility cost and maintenance cost can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)
5 and 6 show this embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows a solid material containing hopper guide device 1 according to this embodiment and a solid material containing hopper provided with the solid material containing hopper guide device 1. 2 is a front view showing the facility 10. FIG. In this embodiment, the configuration is different from that of the first embodiment in that the drive mechanism is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder 6 instead of the air compressor 4, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of the first embodiment. The description is omitted by attaching.

  The hydraulic cylinder 6 includes a plunger (piston) 61 and a cylinder body 62, and the cylinder body 62 is disposed outside the bottom of the hopper 2 (the lower surface of the hopper 2). The plunger 61 reciprocates along the axial direction of the cylinder body 62, passes through the bottom portion of the hopper 2 (the bottom surface of the guide body 3), and reciprocates up and down from a substantially central portion on the plane of the hopper 2. It is installed. An extendable guide body 3 is provided so as to cover such a plunger 61.

  Then, by supplying hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source (not shown) to the cylinder body 62, the plunger 61 moves up and down, and the guide body 3 expands and contracts accordingly. For example, when the plunger 61 extends upward, as shown in FIG. 5, the guide body 3 expands in a quadrangular pyramid shape, and when the plunger 61 is completely contracted downward, the guide body 3 becomes hopper as shown in FIG. 2 flattened almost along the bottom. At this time, the height and inclination angle of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped guide body 3 can be arbitrarily changed by arbitrarily changing the protruding length of the plunger 61 from the cylinder body 62.

  Here, as in the first embodiment, a fluid (compressed air or pressurized oil) is provided in the guide body 3 so as to obtain necessary strength and rigidity in accordance with the properties and weight of the dust 100 (solid matter). ) May be satisfied. That is, the guide body 3 may be pushed up by the plunger 61 and a fluid may be supplied into the guide body 3 to expand the guide body 3 into a quadrangular pyramid shape.

  According to such an embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the conveyor 104 can be prevented from coming into contact with the accumulated dust 100, and the capacity of the hopper 2 can be used effectively. . Further, since the developed guide body 3 is supported by the plunger 61, the developed state of the guide body 3 can be maintained well, and as a result, the dust 100 can be guided appropriately.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, Included in the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the guide body 3 expands in a quadrangular pyramid shape, but depending on the shape of the hopper 2 and the size and properties of the solid matter, a pyramid shape other than the quadrangular pyramid shape, a conical shape, etc. You may make it expand | deploy to another shape. Moreover, although the detection part is comprised with the distance sensor 5, you may comprise with a camera, a proximity switch (what turns on or off when a solid substance is accommodated to a predetermined height), etc.

  Furthermore, the guide body 3 may be made of a plate material and may be a mechanism that mechanically expands and contracts. For example, the metal plate may be expanded in a pyramid shape, or may be folded and contracted into a flat shape.

  In the second embodiment, the drive mechanism is constituted by the hydraulic cylinder 6, but it is constituted by a rack (corresponding to the plunger 61) and a pinion (corresponding to the cylinder body 62), or the plunger 61 is constituted by a plurality of tubes. And may be contracted.

  In the above embodiment, the air compressor 4 is automatically controlled to expand and contract the guide body 3 based on the accommodation state of the dust 100 in the hopper 2 detected by the distance sensor 5. The guide body 3 may be manually expanded and contracted at the operator's discretion. Moreover, although the case where the solid matter stayed on the water intake screen 102 has been described, the present invention can be applied to other solid matters such as quarry debris and concrete.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Guide apparatus for solid substance accommodation hopper 10 Solid substance accommodation hopper equipment 2 Hopper 2A Upper opening 21 Side surface (side wall)
3 Guide body 31 Top 4 Air compressor (drive mechanism)
5 Distance sensor (detection unit)
6 Hydraulic cylinder (drive mechanism)
100 garbage 104 conveyor

Claims (6)

A guide body that is disposed at the bottom of a hopper in which a solid material conveyed by a conveyor in the shape of a cup having an upper opening falls and is stored from the upper opening, and can be freely expanded and contracted;
A drive mechanism for expanding and contracting the guide body,
The guide body is changed from a developed state to a contracted state when the solid material is accommodated. When the guide body is expanded , the guide body is formed into a substantially mountain shape. of Ri Do a flat state substantially along the bottom part of the solids had been deposited on the side surface side of the hopper Ru to flow into the portion located at the top of the guide body,
A guide device for a solid material containing hopper. The guide body is located in a state where the top portion is almost directly below the solid matter falling from the conveyor.
The guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to claim 1. The guide body can be developed into a plurality of substantially mountain shapes having different inclination angles.
The guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to any one of claims 1 and 2. A detector that is disposed in the hopper and detects the state of storage of the solid matter in the hopper;
The drive mechanism expands and contracts the guide body based on a detection result of the detection unit;
The guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The guide body can be freely expanded and contracted by inflow and outflow of fluid,
The drive mechanism is composed of a fluid source that supplies fluid to the guide body.
The guide device for a solid material containing hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A solid material containing hopper facility having a hopper in which a solid material conveyed by a conveyor in the shape of a cup having an upper opening falls and is stored from the upper opening,
A solid matter containing hopper facility comprising the solid matter containing hopper guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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