JP6060707B2 - Power supply - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply apparatus that is configured to be capable of being connected in series, and particularly suitable for charging a storage battery.

  As a configuration for connecting a plurality of power supply devices in series, a configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known. In this configuration, a backflow prevention diode and a diode for bypassing the output current (hereinafter also referred to as bypass diode) are externally attached to the output terminal of each power supply device (DC / DC converter), and the two diodes A plurality of power supply devices externally connected to each other are connected in series to output a current (load current) to the load.

  According to this configuration, even when one of the power supply devices stops operating, the output voltage of the power supply device that has stopped operating is the forward voltage (forward direction) of the backflow prevention diode externally attached to the power supply device. Since the bypass diode externally attached to the power supply device is turned on, the bypass diode functions as a bypass and passes the output current of the other power supply device in the operating state. As a result, the supply of the output current to the load is continued.

  By the way, in the configuration in which at least a bypass diode is externally attached to each power supply device and the power supply devices are connected in series as described above, the power supply devices are separately prepared for the number of power supply devices to which the bypass diodes are connected in series. Therefore, the connection work is complicated. In order to improve this, the inventor of the present application arranges at least a bypass diode (for example, both a backflow prevention diode and a bypass diode) in the apparatus in advance (specifically, a circuit together with other electronic components). We are developing a power supply device configured to be mounted on a substrate and connected in advance to a predetermined part in a circuit.

  However, even when a plurality of power supply devices having this configuration are operated by connecting a plurality of them in series, the electronic devices other than the bypass diode do not generate heat in the power supply device that has stopped operating, but the output current is There may be a situation in which only the bypass diode that continues to flow generates heat, and there is a need to prevent the occurrence of this condition.

  On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 below, the power supply device includes a cooling fan to forcibly generate heat generated from electronic components such as a diode and a capacitor constituting a switch element and a rectifier circuit. Since some have adopted a configuration that cools electronic components by discharging to the outside of the housing, it is possible to adopt this configuration and arrange a cooling fan in the power supply device together with the bypass diode. It is done.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-276636 (page 2-3, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-210516 (page 4-6, FIG. 2)

  However, the power supply apparatus in which the cooling fan is disposed inside together with the bypass diode described above has the following problems to be improved. That is, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 described above, in a power supply device provided with a cooling fan, it is possible to operate the cooling fan during operation of the power supply device to cool electronic components. Since the cooling fan cannot be operated in the stop state of the apparatus, there is a problem to be improved that it is difficult to cool the bypass diode that generates heat in the stop state as described above.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. A plurality of bypass diodes can be connected in series without separately preparing a bypass diode, and the bypass diode that generates heat when the power supply device is stopped is cooled. The main object is to provide a power supply device.

In order to achieve the above object, a power supply device according to the present invention includes a switching element that intermittently applies a voltage to a primary winding of a transformer by switching an input voltage, and the intermittent application of the voltage. A rectifying / smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes the voltage induced in the secondary winding of the transformer to generate a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage from between the positive output unit and the negative output unit, and is output from the rectifying and smoothing circuit. A power supply device including a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal for outputting the DC voltage to the outside, an auxiliary power supply circuit for generating an auxiliary voltage based on the input voltage, the positive output unit, and the negative output And a bypass rectifying element connected to the positive output section in the forward direction and the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source to detect a temperature related to the bypass rectifying element. A temperature detection circuit that operates with the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source and cools the power supply device, and operates with the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source and is detected by the temperature detection circuit. A control circuit that performs fan control to stop the cooling fan when the temperature is equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold temperature and to operate the cooling fan when the detected temperature exceeds the threshold temperature. Other power supply devices can be connected in series, and when in an operation state in which they are connected in series, the DC voltage can be added to the DC voltage output from the other power supply device connected in series and output. In addition, the DC current output from the other power supply device can be bypassed by the bypass rectifying element in the stopped state.

The power supply device according to the present invention includes a switching element that intermittently applies a voltage to the primary winding of the transformer by switching an input voltage, and a secondary of the transformer due to the intermittent application of the voltage. A rectifying / smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes the voltage induced in the winding to generate a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage from between the positive output unit and the negative output unit, and the DC voltage output from the rectifying and smoothing circuit A power supply device having a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal for outputting to the outside, wherein an auxiliary power supply circuit that generates an auxiliary voltage based on the input voltage, and between the positive output unit and the negative output unit A bypass rectifying element connected with the direction toward the positive output section as a forward direction, and a current detection circuit that detects the current flowing through the bypass rectifying element by operating the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source. A cooling fan that operates the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source and cools the power supply device, and operates the auxiliary voltage as the operating power source and detects the current detected by the current detection circuit. the value stops the cooling fan when the following predefined threshold current, when the current value exceeds the threshold current and a control circuit for executing a fan control for operating the cooling fan, the other power supply The device is configured so that it can be connected in series. When the device is in an operating state in which the devices are connected in series, the DC voltage can be added to the DC voltage output from the other power supply device connected in series, and output can be stopped. In the state, the DC current output from the other power supply device can be bypassed by the bypass rectifying element.

In the power supply device according to the present invention, the control circuit switches the input voltage to the switch element when an operation instruction signal is input from the outside, and the switch element when the operation instruction signal is not input. The switching control for stopping the switching of the input voltage is executed. In the power supply device according to the present invention, the cooling fan is a cooling fan dedicated to the bypass rectifier element.

  According to the power supply device of the present invention, the bypass rectifying element is connected in advance between the positive output portion and the negative output portion of the rectifying and smoothing circuit with the direction toward the positive output portion as the forward direction. Even in the case of connecting and configuring a power supply system, it is not necessary to prepare a bypass rectifying element and attach it externally, so that a plurality of them can be connected in series with a very simple operation. Further, according to this power supply apparatus, when the power supply system is configured as described above, even if the bypass rectifier element generates heat in the stopped power supply apparatus, the temperature related to the bypass rectifier element detected by the temperature detection circuit Since the control circuit activates the cooling fan when the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, it is possible to reliably avoid the occurrence of a situation where the bypass rectifier element generates heat exceeding the allowable range and deteriorates or breaks. it can.

  Further, according to the power supply device of the present invention, the bypass rectifying element is connected in advance between the positive output portion and the negative output portion of the rectifying and smoothing circuit with the direction toward the positive output portion as the forward direction. Even when the power supply system is configured by connecting the two in series, it is not necessary to prepare a separate bypass rectifier and externally connect them, and a plurality of them can be connected in series with a very simple operation. Further, according to this power supply device, when the power supply system is configured as described above, even if the bypass rectifier element generates heat due to the current flowing in the power supply device in the stopped state, the bypass detected by the current detection circuit When the current value of the current flowing through the rectifier element exceeds the threshold current, the control circuit activates the cooling fan, so the bypass rectifier element generates heat that exceeds the allowable range and is deteriorated or damaged. Can be reliably avoided.

Further, according to the power supply device of the present invention, to perform a switching control (power supply shifts to the operating state) to the switch element of the switching circuits when the control circuit is inputting an actuation command signal to adopt a configuration Thus, when the power supply device is configured as a power supply system, for example, when charging a storage battery unit by sequentially inputting an operation instruction signal to each power supply device connected in series and sequentially shifting to an operation state. The efficiency of the entire power supply system compared to a configuration in which multiple power supply units simultaneously enter the operating state and start charging (an inefficient configuration in which all power supply devices are operated from a low DC voltage state) Can be increased.

  In addition, according to the power supply device of the present invention, only the bypass rectifying element can be cooled by a dedicated cooling fan, so that it is smaller (low consumption) than the cooling fan that needs to cool the entire interior of the power supply device. By using the cooling fan of (electric power) as a dedicated cooling fan, it is possible to reduce the power consumed when cooling the bypass rectifying element.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power supply device 1 (1a, 1b) and power supply system SY1. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power supply device 21 (21a, 21b) and power supply system SY2.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a power supply device will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The power supply device 1 of FIG. 1 (two power supply devices 1a and 1b as an example in the figure) includes, as an example, a positive input terminal 2, a negative input terminal 3, a rectifying / smoothing circuit 4, a switching circuit 5, a transformer 6, and a rectifying circuit 7. , Smoothing circuit 8, control circuit 9, backflow preventing rectifying element 10, bypass rectifying element 11, positive output terminal 12, negative output terminal 13, series connection terminal 14, bus bar 15, auxiliary power supply circuit 16, temperature detection circuit 17 The cooling fan 18 and the control input terminal 19 are provided, and an external input voltage input between the positive input terminal 2 and the negative input terminal 3 (in this example, the AC voltage Vac is used as an example, but a DC voltage may be used) is DC. The converter is configured as an isolated converter that converts the voltage Vdc into the DC voltage Vdc and outputs the DC voltage Vdc from between the positive output terminal 12 and the negative output terminal 13 to the outside. As long as the power supply device 1 is an insulating converter, the power supply device 1 can be configured by various insulating converters such as a forward method, a flyback method, a bridge method, and a push-pull method.

  The rectifying / smoothing circuit 4 rectifies and smoothes the AC voltage Vac to convert it into a DC voltage and output it. When a DC voltage is input as an external input voltage instead of the AC voltage Vac, a configuration using a smoothing circuit instead of the rectifying / smoothing circuit 4 can be adopted, and a ripple of the input DC voltage can be used. In the case where the number of the rectifying and smoothing circuits 4 is small, a configuration in which the rectifying and smoothing circuit 4 is omitted may be employed. The switching circuit 5 has a switch element (transistor or the like) (not shown), and this switch element is controlled by the control circuit 9 to repeatedly turn on and off, so that a DC voltage (switching circuit) output from the rectifying and smoothing circuit 4 is obtained. 5 is switched and applied to the transformer 6 intermittently.

  As an example, the transformer 6 includes a primary winding 6a and a secondary winding 6b that are electrically insulated from each other. Further, the transformer 6 induces an AC voltage in the secondary winding 6 b due to intermittent application of the DC voltage to the primary winding 6 a by the switching circuit 5.

  The rectifier circuit 7 rectifies the alternating voltage induced in the secondary winding 6b, thereby converting it into a pulsating voltage and outputting it. The smoothing circuit 8 constitutes a rectifying / smoothing circuit in combination with the rectifying circuit 7, converts the pulsating voltage rectified by the rectifying circuit 7 into a DC voltage Vdc, and outputs the positive output unit 8a and the negative output. Output from between the unit 8b. The smoothing circuit 8 includes a voltage detection unit and a current detection unit (not shown). For example, the voltage detection unit is configured by a voltage dividing resistor circuit, detects the DC voltage Vdc, generates a voltage detection signal Sv whose voltage value changes according to the voltage value of the DC voltage Vdc, and supplies the voltage detection signal Sv to the control circuit 9. Output. Further, the current detection unit is configured with a detection resistor having a minute resistance value of, for example, less than 1Ω, and detects the DC current Idc output from the positive output unit 8a and the negative output unit 8b, and sets the current value of the DC current Idc. In response to this, a current detection signal Si whose voltage value changes is generated and output to the control circuit 9.

  The control circuit 9 operates upon receiving the supply of the auxiliary voltage Vsub from the auxiliary power circuit 16 (operates using the auxiliary voltage Vsub as an operation power source), and inputs an operation instruction signal Son from the outside via the control input terminal 19. When it is, switching control for the switch element of the switching circuit 5 is executed.

  In this switching control, the control circuit 9 calculates the current voltage value of the direct current voltage Vdc based on the voltage detection signal Sv, and calculates the current value of the current direct current current Idc based on the current detection signal Si. Further, the control circuit 9 performs duty ratio control (or frequency control) on the switch element of the switching circuit 5 based on the calculated voltage value of the current DC voltage Vdc and the current value of the current DC current Idc. When the current DC current Idc is less than the reference current value that does not become an overcurrent, the DC voltage Vdc is output at a constant voltage value, and when the current DC current Idc reaches the reference current value, the DC current Idc is While maintaining the reference current value, the voltage value of the DC voltage Vdc is lowered from the reference voltage value. Thereby, the power supply device 1 is configured to have a constant current voltage drooping type overcurrent protection characteristic. Further, by having this overcurrent protection characteristic, the power supply device 1 initially performs constant current control so that the current value of the DC current Idc becomes the reference current value during the charging operation of the battery, When the charging voltage reaches the reference voltage value, constant voltage control is executed so that the voltage value of the DC voltage Vdc becomes the reference voltage value.

  Further, the control circuit 9 executes fan control regardless of whether the operation instruction signal Son is input. In this fan control, the control circuit 9 stops the cooling fan 18 and stops the temperature Tr when the temperature Tr related to the bypass rectifying element 11 detected by the temperature detection circuit 17 is equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold temperature Tth, as will be described later. When the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature Tth, the cooling fan 18 is operated. In this case, the temperature detection circuit 17 is a temperature that changes in accordance with the heat generation of the bypass rectifying element 11, and the temperature of the bypass rectifying element 11 itself, the temperature of the heat sink for the bypass rectifying element 11, and the bypass rectification One of the temperatures around the element 11 is detected as “temperature related to the bypass rectifying element 11”. In this example, the temperature detection circuit 17 detects the temperature around the bypass rectifying element 11 as “temperature related to the bypass rectifying element 11”.

  The backflow preventing rectifying element 10 is configured by a diode as an example, and is connected in advance between the positive output portion 8a of the smoothing circuit 8 and the positive output terminal 12 with the direction toward the positive output terminal 12 being a forward direction. . The bypass rectifying element 11 is connected in advance between the positive output unit 8a and the negative output unit 8b of the smoothing circuit 8 with the direction toward the positive output unit 8a as the forward direction. Specifically, the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 and the bypass rectifying element 11 are mounted together on a circuit board (not shown) in the same manner as other electronic components constituting the power supply device 1, and It is connected in advance (that is, built in the power supply device 1).

  In addition, at least one rectifying element of the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 and the bypass rectifying element 11 is electrically insulated from the below-described bus bar 15 and attached in a state of good thermal conductivity. With this configuration, the bus bar 15 functions as a radiator of this one rectifying element. In this example, the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 is attached to the bus bar 15 as an example.

  The series connection terminal 14 is connected to the positive output portion 8 a of the smoothing circuit 8. Specifically, the serial connection terminal 14 is connected to the positive output portion 8a via a bus bar 15 made of a metal conductor. The negative output terminal 13 is connected to the negative output unit 8 b of the smoothing circuit 8.

  The auxiliary power supply circuit 16 generates an auxiliary voltage (DC voltage) Vsub based on the DC voltage (input voltage in the switching circuit 5) output from the rectifying and smoothing circuit 4, and the control circuit 9, the temperature detection circuit 17, and the cooling fan 18 is supplied (output). With this configuration, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 is in a state where the switching operation of the switching circuit 5 is stopped (the power supply device 1 is stopped) when the external input voltage (in this example, the AC voltage Vac) is supplied. State), the auxiliary voltage Vsub is generated and output.

  The temperature detection circuit 17 includes various contact-type temperature sensors, various non-contact-type temperature sensors, and the like, and operates by receiving the supply of the auxiliary voltage Vsub to calculate the temperature Tr related to the bypass rectifier element 11. Detect and output to the control circuit 9.

  The cooling fan 18 is supplied with the auxiliary voltage Vsub and operates under the control of the control circuit 9 to cool the power supply device 1. The power supply device 1 is cooled by the cooling fan 18 so that each electronic component disposed on the primary side of the transformer 6 and each electronic component disposed on the secondary side of the transformer 6 (for backflow prevention) The rectifying element 10 and the bypass rectifying element 11 are cooled).

  Next, with regard to the operation of the power supply device 1, a plurality of power supply devices 1 (two power supply devices 1a and 1b as shown in FIG. 1 as an example in this example) are connected in series and configured as a power supply system SY1. An example of charging a storage battery unit 50 (a unit configured by connecting a plurality of storage batteries in series), which is an example of a load, will be described.

  First, the configuration of the power supply system SY1 will be described. The power supply system SY1 includes two power supply devices 1a and 1b and an external control circuit CNT that is disposed outside the power supply devices 1a and 1b and controls the operations of the power supply devices 1a and 1b. ing.

  In this case, the power supply devices 1a and 1b are connected in series with each other by connecting the negative output terminal 13 of the power supply device 1a on the high potential side and the terminal 14 for series connection of the power supply device 1b on the low potential side with a connection line. Connected. Further, the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply device (power supply device 1a in this example) arranged on the highest potential side is connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery unit 50 by a connecting line, and the power supply device arranged on the lowest potential side. The negative output terminal 13 of the power supply device 1b (in this example) is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery unit 50 by a connection line. Therefore, the DC voltage Vdc of each power supply device 1a, 1b is added and output to the storage battery unit 50 from between the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply device 1a and the negative output terminal 13 of the power supply device 1b.

  For example, the external control circuit CNT is incorporated in the voltage detection circuit 31 that detects and outputs the DC voltage Vdc of the power supply device 1b, the reference power supply 32, the comparator 33, the photocouplers 34 and 35, the start switch 36, and the photocoupler 35. A resistor 37 for pulling up the collector terminal of the transistor being set to the external power supply voltage Vcc and a resistor 38 for pulling up one end of the start switch 36 to the external power supply voltage Vcc are provided.

  The voltage detection circuit 31 is constituted by a voltage dividing circuit including two resistors 31a and 31b connected in series as an example, and the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply device on the highest potential side (power supply device 1a in this example) The charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 (the DC voltage Vdc output from each of the power supply devices 1a and 1b) is connected to the negative output terminal 13 of the power supply device on the lowest potential side (power supply device 1b in this example). By dividing the added voltage (output voltage of the power supply system SY1), a divided voltage Vdiv whose voltage value changes according to the voltage value of the charging voltage Vb is output.

  The reference power supply 32 generates and outputs a comparison voltage Vcom having a predetermined voltage with reference to the potential of the negative output terminal 13 of the power supply device 1b. The comparator 33 compares the comparison voltage Vcom and the divided voltage Vdiv. When the divided voltage Vdiv is equal to or lower than the comparison voltage Vcom, the comparator 33 outputs an L level voltage (the same potential as the potential of the negative output terminal 13). When the voltage Vdiv exceeds the comparison voltage Vcom, an H level voltage (a voltage higher than the forward voltage of the diode) is output. In this example, as an example, when the charging voltage Vb reaches a predetermined threshold voltage (a reference voltage value of the power supply device 1 or a voltage value in the vicinity thereof (for example, a voltage value of about 80% of the reference voltage value)). The voltage dividing ratio by the resistors 31a and 31b and the comparison voltage Vcom are defined in advance so that the divided voltage Vdiv exceeds the comparison voltage Vcom and the comparator 33 outputs an H level voltage.

  In the photocoupler 34, the anode terminal of the photodiode is connected to the output of the comparator 33, and the cathode terminal is connected to the potential of the negative output terminal 13 in the power supply device 1b. In the photocoupler 34, the emitter terminal of the phototransistor is connected to the reference potential (ground potential) for the external power supply voltage Vcc, and the collector terminal is connected to the cathode terminal of the photodiode in the photocoupler 35. .

  The photocoupler 35 has an anode terminal of the photodiode connected to the other end of the activation switch 36 and a cathode terminal connected to the photocoupler 34 as described above. In the photocoupler 35, the emitter terminal of the phototransistor is connected to the control input terminal 19 of the power supply device 1a on the high potential side, and the collector terminal is connected to the external power supply voltage Vcc via the resistor 37 as described above. Pulled up.

  As described above, one end of the start switch 36 is pulled up to the external power supply voltage Vcc, and the other end is connected to the control input terminal 19 of the power supply device 1b on the low potential side. With this configuration, the activation switch 36 outputs an H level signal (a voltage substantially equal to the voltage value of the external power supply voltage Vcc) as the operation instruction signal Son when operated in the ON state.

  Next, the operation of the power supply system SY1 will be described together with the operation of each power supply device 1.

  In the external control circuit CNT, when the activation switch 36 is in an off state, the output of the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1b is stopped. Further, the H level signal is not applied to the anode terminal of the photodiode of the photocoupler 35. For this reason, since the phototransistor of the photocoupler 35 is also in the OFF state, the output of the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1a is also stopped. Accordingly, the power supply apparatuses 1a and 1b are both maintained in a stopped state (stopped state).

  In this state, when the activation switch 36 is operated to be turned on, the output of the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1b is started. Thereby, in the power supply device 1b, the control circuit 9 starts switching control with respect to the switch element of the switching circuit 5 (it transfers to an operation state). When the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 at the beginning of charging is lower than the reference voltage value, the power supply device 1b is charged with the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 (in this state, the power supply device 1a is in a stopped state as will be described later). Therefore, until the DC voltage Vdc output from the power supply device 1b reaches a reference voltage value that is lower than the DC voltage Vdc output from the power supply device 1a by the forward voltage Vf, the current value of the current DC current Idc. Is controlled to be a reference current value, and constant current control is performed to output to the storage battery unit 50.

  On the other hand, the application of the H level signal to the anode terminal of the photodiode of the photocoupler 35 is also started, but from the voltage detection circuit 31 until the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 reaches the threshold voltage, as described above. The output divided voltage Vdiv is less than the comparison voltage Vcom output from the reference power supply 32. For this reason, since the comparator 33 outputs an L level voltage, the phototransistor of the photocoupler 34 is maintained in an off state. Thereby, since no current flows through the photodiode of the photocoupler 35, the phototransistor is also maintained in the off state. Accordingly, since the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1a on the high potential side is in a stopped state, the power supply device 1a is maintained in the stopped state.

  Thereby, the direct current Idc output from the power supply device 1b passes through the negative output terminal 13, the bypass rectifier element 11, the backflow prevention rectifier element 10 and the positive output terminal 12 of the power supply device 1a (that is, stops). The power supply device 1a in the state is bypassed (detoured), supplied to the storage battery unit 50, and the storage battery unit 50 is charged with a constant current (reference current value).

  Thereafter, when the storage battery unit 50 is charged by the direct current Idc output from the power supply device 1b and the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 increases and reaches the threshold voltage, the voltage is output from the voltage detection circuit 31. The divided voltage Vdiv exceeds the comparison voltage Vcom. Therefore, the comparator 33 starts outputting an H level voltage. As a result, a current flows through the photodiode of the photocoupler 34, and the phototransistor of the photocoupler 34 is turned on. As a result, since a current also flows through the photodiode of the photocoupler 35, the phototransistor of the photocoupler 35 is also turned on. Therefore, the output of the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1a on the high potential side is started.

  Thereby, in the power supply device 1a, the control circuit 9 starts switching control with respect to the switch element of the switching circuit 5 (it transfers to an operation state). The charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 in this state does not reach the maximum voltage that can be charged by the two power supply devices 1a and 1b connected in series (additional voltage value of each reference voltage value of the power supply devices 1a and 1b). Is in a state. For this reason, since the DC voltage Vdc output from each power supply device 1a, 1b is less than the respective reference voltage value, each power supply device 1a, 1b has the respective DC voltage Vdc reaching the respective reference voltage value. (That is, until the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 reaches the added voltage value of each reference voltage value as described above), the current value of the current DC current Idc is defined as the reference current value, and the storage battery unit 50 The constant current control that is output to is continued.

  When the start switch 36 is turned on and the power supply device 1b shifts to the operating state (at the beginning of charging), when the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 is higher than the threshold voltage, the external control circuit CNT Operates as described above, and starts to output the operation instruction signal Son to the power supply device 1a on the high potential side. Therefore, both the power supply devices 1a and 1b immediately shift to the operation state, and the direct current as described above. Constant current control is performed in which the current value of the current Idc is defined as a reference current value and output to the storage battery unit 50, and charging of the storage battery unit 50 is started.

  Thereafter, when the voltage value of the DC voltage Vdc of each of the power supply devices 1a and 1b reaches the respective reference voltage value, that is, the voltage value of the charging voltage Vb of the storage battery unit 50 is an added voltage value of each reference voltage value (specifically In this case, when the voltage value obtained by subtracting the forward voltage Vf of the backflow preventing rectifier 10 on the power supply device 1a from the added voltage value of each reference voltage value is reached, each control circuit 9 Constant voltage control for charging the storage battery unit 50 is performed in a state where the voltage value of the DC voltage Vdc is maintained at the reference voltage value. In this case, the current value of the direct current Idc output from the power supply devices 1a and 1b to the storage battery unit 50 gradually decreases from the reference current value. Each control circuit 9 controls the switching element of each switching circuit 5 to the OFF state when the current value of the current DC current Idc reaches the lower limit current value (<reference current value), so that the DC voltage Vdc is controlled. Is stopped (DC voltage Vdc becomes zero volts). Thereby, the charge with respect to the storage battery unit 50 by the power supply devices 1a and 1b (power supply system SY1) is completed.

  In each power supply device 1a, 1b of the power supply system SY1, not only during the execution of the charging operation for the storage battery unit 50 but also when the charging operation is not executed (when the operation instruction signal Son is not input). Each control circuit 9 performs the above-described fan control, and each temperature detection circuit 17 performs temperature detection. In this case, even when only the power supply device 1b is in the operating state and the charging operation is performed and the power supply device 1a is in the stopped state, the direct current Idc continues to the bypass rectifying element 11 of the power supply device 1a. By flowing, the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat. At this time, the temperature detection circuit 17 of the power supply device 1 a detects the temperature Tr related to the bypass rectifying element 11 and outputs it to the control circuit 9. Therefore, the control circuit 9 of the power supply device 1a operates the cooling fan 18 when the temperature Tr related to the bypass rectifying element 11 output from the temperature detection circuit 17 exceeds the threshold temperature Tth. Thereby, in the power supply device 1a, even when the charging operation is not performed (when the charging operation is stopped), the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat exceeding an allowable range, and is deteriorated or damaged. The situation has been avoided.

  Thus, in this power supply device 1, the bypass rectifying element 11 is connected in advance between the positive output unit 8a and the negative output unit 8b of the smoothing circuit 8 with the direction toward the positive output unit 8a as the forward direction. Therefore, according to the power supply device 1, even when a plurality of power supplies are connected in series to form the power supply system SY1, there is no need to separately provide a bypass rectifying element and attach it externally. A plurality can be connected in series.

  Further, according to the power supply device 1, when the power supply system SY1 is configured, even if the bypass rectifier element 11 generates heat in the power supply device 1 in the stopped state, the bypass rectifier element detected by the temperature detection circuit 17 When the temperature Tr related to 11 exceeds the threshold temperature Tth, the control circuit 9 operates the cooling fan 18, so that the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat exceeding the allowable range and deteriorates or breaks. Occurrence can be avoided reliably.

  Moreover, according to this power supply device 1, since it has the terminal 14 for series connection connected (that is, connected directly) to the positive output part 8a of the smoothing circuit 8 without interposing a rectifier element, By connecting a plurality of terminals in series using the terminal 14, the voltage drop caused by the presence of the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 can be suppressed to only the forward voltage Vf corresponding to one backflow preventing rectifying element 10. .

  Further, according to the power supply device 1, at least one of the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 and the bypass rectifying element 11 (in this example, the backflow preventing rectifying element 10) is electrically connected to the bus bar 15. Since it is insulated and attached with a good thermal conductivity, the heat generated by the at least one rectifying element can be efficiently radiated by operating the cooling fan 18.

  In the power supply device 1 described above, the temperature detection circuit 17 that detects the temperature Tr related to the bypass rectifier element 11 is used to detect the degree of heat generation of the bypass rectifier element 11. As described above, the heat generation of the bypass rectifying element 11 is generated by the direct current Idc flowing through the bypass rectifying element 11. For this reason, a current detection circuit 22 that detects a direct current Idc flowing in the bypass rectifier 11 is used to bypass the power supply device 21 shown in FIG. 2 (two power supply devices 21a and 21b as an example in FIG. 2). A configuration for detecting the degree of heat generation of the rectifying element 11 can be employed.

  Hereinafter, the power supply system SY2 configured by connecting the power supply apparatus 21 and a plurality of the power supply apparatuses 21 in series will be described. The power supply device 21 is different from the power supply device 1 in that a current detection circuit 22 is provided instead of the temperature detection circuit 17 in the power supply device 1, but the other configurations are substantially the same. For this reason, about the same structure as the power supply device 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. The power supply system SY2 is also different from the power supply system SY1 in that the power supply device 21 is used instead of the power supply device 1 in the power supply system SY1, but the structure in which the power supply devices 21 are connected in series or the external control circuit CNT The configuration is the same. For this reason, about the same structure as power supply system SY1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As an example, the power supply device 21 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a positive input terminal 2, a negative input terminal 3, a rectifying and smoothing circuit 4, a switching circuit 5, a transformer 6, a rectifying circuit 7, a smoothing circuit 8, a control circuit 9, and a rectifier for backflow prevention. Element 10, bypass rectifying element 11, positive output terminal 12, negative output terminal 13, series connection terminal 14, bus bar 15, auxiliary power circuit 16, current detection circuit 22, cooling fan 18, and control input terminal 19, It is configured as an isolated converter that converts an external input voltage input between the positive input terminal 2 and the negative input terminal 3 into a DC voltage Vdc and outputs the same.

  The control circuit 9 executes switching control for the switch element of the switching circuit 5 when the operation instruction signal Son is input from the outside. Further, the control circuit 9 executes fan control regardless of whether the operation instruction signal Son is input.

  In this fan control, the control circuit 9 causes the current Ir (in this example, the direct current Idc) flowing in the bypass rectifying element 11 detected by the current detection circuit 22 to be equal to or less than a predetermined threshold current Ith, as will be described later. Sometimes the cooling fan 18 is stopped, and when the current Ir exceeds the threshold current Ith, the cooling fan 18 is operated.

  The current detection circuit 22 is configured using, for example, a detection resistor having a minute resistance value of less than 1Ω, a Hall element, a magnetoresistive effect element (MR element), a giant magnetoresistive effect element (GMR element), or a fluxgate sensor. At the same time, by operating upon receiving the supply of the auxiliary voltage Vsub, the current Ir flowing through the bypass rectifying element 11 is detected and output to the control circuit 9.

  Next, with respect to the operation of the power supply device 21, a plurality of power supply devices 21 (two power supply devices 21a and 21b as shown in FIG. 2 as an example in this example) are connected in series and configured as a power supply system SY2. An example of charging the storage battery unit 50 that is an example of a load will be described.

  First, the configuration of the power supply system SY2 will be described. The power supply system SY2 includes two power supply devices 21a and 21b and an external control circuit CNT that is disposed outside the power supply devices 21a and 21b and controls the operations of the power supply devices 21a and 21b. ing. The connection structure of the power supply devices 21a and 21b is the same as the connection structure of the power supply devices 1a and 1b, and the external control circuit CNT is the same as the external control circuit CNT of the power supply system SY1. For this reason, the description about these is abbreviate | omitted.

  Next, the operation of the power supply system SY2 will be described together with the operation of each power supply device 21. The charging operation of each power supply device 21 with respect to the storage battery unit 50 is the same as the operation of each power supply device 1 in the power supply system SY1 described above. For this reason, only the operation related to the current detection circuit 22 that is different from the operation of the power supply device 1 will be described.

  In each power supply device 21a, 21b of the power supply system SY1, not only during the execution of the charging operation for the storage battery unit 50 but also when the charging operation is not executed (when the operation instruction signal Son is not input). Each control circuit 9 executes the fan control described above, and each current detection circuit 22 performs temperature detection. In this case, even when only the power supply device 1b performs the charging operation and the power supply device 1a is in a stopped state, the DC current Idc continues to flow through the bypass rectifying element 11 of the power supply device 21a, thereby bypassing. The rectifying element 11 generates heat. At this time, the current detection circuit 22 of the power supply device 21 a detects the current Ir flowing through the bypass rectifying element 11 and outputs it to the control circuit 9. Therefore, the control circuit 9 of the power supply device 21a operates the cooling fan 18 when the current Ir detected by the current detection circuit 22 exceeds the threshold current Ith. As a result, in the power supply device 21a, even when the charging operation is not being performed (when the charging operation is stopped), the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat exceeding the allowable range, and is deteriorated or damaged. The situation has been avoided.

  As described above, according to the power supply device 21, as in the power supply device 1, the bypass rectifying element 11 is directed to the positive output portion 8 a between the positive output portion 8 a and the negative output portion 8 b of the smoothing circuit 8. Are connected in advance in the forward direction. Therefore, even in the case of configuring the power supply system SY2 by connecting a plurality of power supply units 21 in series, there is no need to separately provide a bypass rectifier and externally attach the plurality. Can be connected in series.

  Further, according to the power supply device 21, when the power supply system SY2 is configured, even if the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat in the power supply device 21 in the stopped state, the control circuit 9 activates the cooling fan 18, so that it is possible to reliably avoid the situation where the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat exceeding the allowable range and deteriorates or breaks.

  Note that the power supply devices 1 and 21 described above employ a configuration in which the bypass rectifying element 11 and the backflow preventing rectifying element 10 are provided (built in) and the series connection terminal 14 and the bus bar 15 are provided. A configuration in which the prevention rectifying element 10 is omitted and only the bypass rectifying element 11 is provided, or a configuration in which the series connection terminal 14 and the bus bar 15 are omitted may be employed. Even in these configurations, since the bypass rectifying element 11 is provided, the configuration including the temperature detection circuit 17 or the like like the power supply device 1 described above, or the current detection circuit 22 or the like like the power supply device 21 or the like. In the state where the power supply device 1 is configured as the power supply system SY1 or the state where the power supply device 21 is configured as the power supply system SY2, the power supply device 1 (or 21) is stopped. Even in the stopped state, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat and deteriorates or breaks in the power supply device 1 (or 21) in the stopped state.

  Further, in the power supply devices 1 and 21, the control circuit 9 adopts a configuration in which the switching control for the switch element of the switching circuit 5 is performed when the operation instruction signal Son is input. When the power supply system SY1 is configured, or when the power supply device 21 is configured as the power supply system SY2, each power supply device 1 (21) connected in series is sequentially shifted to the operating state by the external control circuit CNT. A configuration in which a plurality of power supply devices 1 (21) start charging operations simultaneously by charging the storage battery unit 50 (a configuration in which all the power supply devices 1 (21) are operated from a low DC voltage state is not efficient). Compared with the power supply system SY1, the overall efficiency of the power supply system SY1 can be increased.

  Therefore, in the power supply system SY1 (SY2), the power supply device 1 (21) that has stopped the switching operation until all the power supply devices 1 (21) are shifted to the operating state by the external control circuit CNT. Since the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat in the stopped power supply device 1 (21), the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 supplies the auxiliary voltage Vsub in the stopped power supply device 1 (21). The control circuit 9, the temperature detection circuit 17 (or the current detection circuit 22), and the cooling fan 18 that are subjected to the above operation operate as described above, and the bypass rectifier element 11 generates heat exceeding the allowable range, and thus is deteriorated or damaged. Make sure to avoid the occurrence of

  However, the above-described configuration in which a plurality of power supply devices 1 (21) connected in series simultaneously start a charging operation (a configuration in which the control circuit 9 always performs a switching operation even when the operation instruction signal Son is not input). In this case, the control circuit 9, the temperature detection circuit 17 (or the current detection circuit 22), and the cooling fan 18 that are supplied with the auxiliary voltage Vsub from the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 avoid the heat generation of the bypass rectifying element 11 as described above. It is also possible to execute the operation to be performed.

  In the power supply system SY1 (SY2) using the power supply device 1 (21) adopting this configuration, the plurality of power supply devices 1 (21) start charging the storage battery unit 50 at the same time, and the storage battery unit 50 is substantially connected to each power supply device. 1 is added to the added voltage value of the reference voltage value. Therefore, according to this power supply device 1 (21), the storage battery unit 50 can be charged by the plurality of power supply devices 1 (21) connected in series while eliminating the need for externally attaching the bypass rectifying element 11. . Also, if at least one power supply device 1 (21) of the plurality of power supply devices 1 (21) stops operating for some reason (failure or the like) and is disposed in this power supply device 1 (21). Even if the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat by bypassing the DC current Idc output from the other power supply device 1 (21) in the operating state and supplying it to the storage battery unit 50, the auxiliary power supply circuit 16 supplies the auxiliary voltage. In a state where the control circuit 9, the temperature detection circuit 17 (or the current detection circuit 22), and the cooling fan 18 that are supplied with Vsub can operate, the control circuit 9 operates the cooling fan 18 to generate heat. The rectifying element 11 can be cooled. For this reason, it is possible to reliably avoid the occurrence of a situation in which the bypass rectifying element 11 generates heat exceeding the allowable range and deteriorates or breaks.

  In each of the above examples, the cooling fan 18 is configured to simultaneously cool not only the bypass rectifying element 11 but also other components disposed inside the power supply device. Instead of, or together with, the cooling fan that cools other components disposed in the cooling fan, a dedicated cooling fan for cooling only the bypass rectifying element 11 (located in the vicinity of the bypass rectifying element 11). A cooling fan dedicated to the bypass rectifying element 11 that is directly applied to the bypass rectifying element 11 is provided in the power supply device, and this cooling fan is controlled by the control circuit 9 like the cooling fan 18 described above. Therefore, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the operation is performed with the auxiliary voltage Vsub.

  According to this configuration, the dedicated cooling fan only needs to cool only the bypass rectifying element 11, and thus is smaller (low power consumption) than the cooling fan that needs to cool the entire interior of the power supply device. Since the cooling fan can be used as a dedicated cooling fan, the power consumed when the bypass rectifying element 11 is cooled can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,21 Power supply device 6 Transformer 6a Primary winding 6b Secondary winding 8 Smoothing circuit 8a Positive output part 8b Negative output part 11 Bypass rectifier 12 Positive output terminal 13 Negative output terminal 16 Auxiliary power supply circuit 17 Temperature detection circuit 18 Cooling fan 22 Current detection circuit Ir current Ith threshold current Tr temperature Tth threshold temperature Vsub Auxiliary voltage

Claims (4)

A switching element that intermittently applies a voltage to the primary winding of the transformer by switching the input voltage, and rectifies and smoothes the voltage induced in the secondary winding of the transformer due to the intermittent application of the voltage A rectifying / smoothing circuit that generates a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage from between the positive output unit and the negative output unit, and a positive output terminal and a negative output that outputs the DC voltage output from the rectifying / smoothing circuit to the outside A power supply device having a terminal,
An auxiliary power circuit for generating an auxiliary voltage based on the input voltage;
A bypass rectifying element connected between the positive output unit and the negative output unit as a forward direction toward the positive output unit,
A temperature detection circuit that operates using the auxiliary voltage as an operating power source and detects a temperature related to the bypass rectifying element;
A cooling fan that operates using the auxiliary voltage as a power source for operation and cools the power supply device;
When the auxiliary voltage is used as an operating power source and the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit is equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold temperature, the cooling fan is stopped, and the detected temperature is the threshold temperature. when it exceeds the can and a control circuit for executing a fan control for operating the cooling fan,
Other power supply devices can be connected in series, and when in an operating state in which they are connected in series, the DC voltage can be added to the DC voltage output from the other power supply device connected in series and output. And the power supply device comprised so that a direct-current output from the said other power supply device can be bypassed by the said bypass rectifier at the time of a stop state . A switching element that intermittently applies a voltage to the primary winding of the transformer by switching the input voltage, and rectifies and smoothes the voltage induced in the secondary winding of the transformer due to the intermittent application of the voltage A rectifying / smoothing circuit that generates a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage from between the positive output unit and the negative output unit, and a positive output terminal and a negative output that outputs the DC voltage output from the rectifying / smoothing circuit to the outside A power supply device having a terminal,
An auxiliary power circuit for generating an auxiliary voltage based on the input voltage;
A bypass rectifying element connected between the positive output unit and the negative output unit as a forward direction toward the positive output unit,
A current detection circuit that operates using the auxiliary voltage as an operation power supply and detects a current flowing through the bypass rectifier;
A cooling fan that operates using the auxiliary voltage as a power source for operation and cools the power supply device;
When the auxiliary voltage is used as an operating power supply and the current value of the current detected by the current detection circuit is equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold current, the cooling fan is stopped, and the current value is the threshold current. when it exceeds the can and a control circuit for executing a fan control for operating the cooling fan,
Other power supply devices can be connected in series, and when in an operating state in which they are connected in series, the DC voltage can be added to the DC voltage output from the other power supply device connected in series and output. And the power supply device comprised so that a direct-current output from the said other power supply device can be bypassed by the said bypass rectifier at the time of a stop state .   The control circuit is configured to switch the input voltage to the switch element when an operation instruction signal is input from the outside, and to stop switching of the input voltage by the switch element when the operation instruction signal is not input. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein control is executed.   The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling fan is a cooling fan dedicated to the bypass rectifying element.

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