JP6060551B2 - Lighting control device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a lighting control equipment.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known an illumination control system that uses a human sensor, an illuminance sensor, or the like to control a dimmable lighting device so that a place where a human is has a desired illuminance. In this lighting control system, by controlling the lighting device so as to reduce the illuminance in a place where there is no human being, it is possible to reduce unnecessary power consumption by the lighting device and to save power.

  In the above lighting control system, when a person moves, the lighting control at the place where the person was present before the movement is controlled to lower the dimming level, and the lighting control at the destination place is controlled. Control to raise. At this time, if the degree of change in the light control level is large, the illuminance changes drastically.

The present invention was made in view of the above, while realizing power saving, and the main purpose is to provide a lighting control equipment capable of reducing discomfort due to illumination changes To do.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, an illumination control apparatus according to the present invention is an illumination control apparatus that controls an illumination device installed in a control target region, and includes an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity possessed by a human. A detection unit that detects the lighting device that is a target to change a dimming level based on the position of the person in the control target area, which is specified based on detection data of each of the sensor and the geomagnetic sensor; A dimming control unit that smoothly changes the dimming level of the lighting device from a current level to a target level within a set dimming time, and the dimming control unit is detected When reducing the dimming level of the lighting device, the dimming level of the lighting device is detected by smoothly reducing the dimming level from the current level to the target level within the first dimming time. When raising, characterized Rukoto is smoothly raised in a different second dimming time from the first dimming time dimming level from the current level to the target level.

The lighting control device according to the present invention is a lighting control device that controls lighting equipment installed in a control target region, and is specified based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor possessed by a human. A detection unit that detects the lighting device to be changed in light control level based on the position of the person in the control target area, and the detected light control level of the lighting device A dimming control unit that smoothly changes the level from a level to a target level within a set dimming time, and a changing unit that changes the dimming time according to a user operation.

The lighting control device according to the present invention is a lighting control device that controls lighting equipment installed in a control target region, and is specified based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor possessed by a human. A detection unit that detects the lighting device to be changed in light control level based on the position of the person in the control target area, and the detected light control level of the lighting device A dimming control unit that smoothly changes within a set dimming time from a level to a target level, and the lighting device is a device whose dimming level is controlled by PWM control, and the dimming control The unit supplies a control signal for uniformly changing a duty ratio within the dimming time to the lighting device .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the discomfort caused by the change in illuminance while realizing power saving.

FIG. 1 is a network configuration diagram of the device control system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram in which a smartphone and a sensor are mounted and defined. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an information device capable of detecting human movement is mounted separately from a smartphone. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a direction detected by each sensor. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation state of the monitoring camera. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation state of LED lighting devices, taps, and air conditioners. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the positioning server device. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of acceleration components in the vertical direction when the sitting operation and the standing operation are performed. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction when the squatting operation and the standing operation are performed, respectively. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of the angular velocity component in the vertical direction when the operation of changing the direction in a stationary state is performed. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction of the head when the eye is removed from the display in the seated state. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of the horizontal angular velocity component of the head when the line of sight is removed from the display in a sitting state. FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the control server device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of detection processing by the positioning server device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the device control process according to the present embodiment. FIG. 16 is a block diagram in which a portion related to dimming control is extracted from the configuration of the device control system of the present embodiment. FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the LED lighting device. FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the PWM control. FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining conventional general dimming control. FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining dimming control according to the present embodiment. FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an overview of processing performed by the lighting device control unit of the present embodiment. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating area coordinate information. FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of stay area determination processing. FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing a procedure of dimming control.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the lighting control equipment according to the present invention in detail.

  Patent Document 1 divides an LED lighting device whose dimming level is controlled by PWM control into a plurality of independently controllable LED groups, and spatially changes the dimming level step by step for each LED group. We are proposing a technology that realizes lighting with illuminance gradation. However, with this technology, it is possible to obtain a spatially smooth change in illuminance, but the dimming level of the lighting device cannot be changed smoothly in time, reducing discomfort due to the change in illuminance. It is not possible.

  The lighting control device according to the present embodiment detects a lighting device that changes the dimming level based on the position of the person in the control target region, and changes the dimming level of the detected lighting device from the current level to a target level. Change smoothly within the dimming time. Thereby, it is possible to reduce discomfort due to the change in illuminance while realizing power saving. In the present embodiment, the position of the person in the control target area is specified based on the detection data of the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor that the person has. Thereby, the position of the person in the control target region can be specified with high accuracy, and high-precision device control according to the position of the person can be realized.

  In the following, the lighting control device according to the present embodiment uses the power of the equipment installed in the room according to the position of a person (hereinafter referred to as an employee) who performs a specific business activity in the room that is the control target area. An example will be described which is realized as part of a device control system for controlling the device. The applicable system is not limited to such a device control system.

  FIG. 1 is a network configuration diagram of the device control system according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the device control system of the present embodiment includes a plurality of smartphones 300, a plurality of monitoring cameras 400 as imaging devices, a positioning server device 100, a control server device 200, and devices to be controlled. As a plurality of LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting devices 500, a plurality of taps 600, and a plurality of air conditioners 700.

  The plurality of smartphones 300, the plurality of monitoring cameras 400, and the positioning server device 100 are connected by a wireless communication network such as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), for example. Note that the wireless communication method is not limited to Wi-Fi. Moreover, the monitoring camera 400 and the positioning server apparatus 100 may be connected with a wire.

  The positioning server device 100 and the control server device 200 are connected to a network such as the Internet or a LAN (Local Area Network).

  In addition, the control server device 200, the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700 are connected by a wireless communication network such as Wi-Fi, for example.

  The communication method between the control server device 200, the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700 is not limited to Wi-Fi, and other wireless communication methods are used. In addition, a wired communication system such as an Ethernet (registered trademark) cable or PLC (Power Line Communications) may be used.

  The smartphone 300 is an information device that is carried by the employee and detects the operation of the employee. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a wearing state of the smartphone 300. The smartphone 300 may be worn on the employee's waist as shown in FIG.

  Returning to FIG. 1, each of the smartphones 300 is equipped with an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor, and transmits detection data from each sensor to the positioning server device 100 at regular intervals such as 1 second. Yes. Here, the detection data of the acceleration sensor is an acceleration vector. The detection data of the angular velocity sensor is an angular velocity vector. The detection data of the geomagnetic sensor is a magnetic orientation vector.

  In the present embodiment, the smartphone 300 is used as an information device that detects an employee's movement. However, if the information apparatus includes an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor, the smartphone 300 can be used. It is not limited to a portable terminal such as 300.

  In addition, the smartphone 300 is provided with information devices that detect an employee's operation such as an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor. May be.

  For example, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an information device capable of detecting an employee's operation is mounted separately from the smartphone 300. As illustrated in FIG. 3, separately from the smartphone 300, a small headset type sensor group 301 including an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor can be attached to the head. In this case, the detection data detected by the sensor group 301 can be transmitted directly to the positioning server device 100 via the smartphone 300 in addition to being directly transmitted to the positioning server device 100 by the sensor group 301. As described above, by attaching the sensor group 301 to the employee's head separately from the sensors of the smartphone 300, various posture detections can be performed.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a direction detected by each sensor. FIG. 4A shows directions detected by the acceleration sensor and the geomagnetic sensor. As shown in FIG. 4A, the acceleration sensor and the geomagnetic sensor can detect the traveling direction, the vertical direction, the horizontal direction acceleration component, and the geomagnetic direction component, respectively. FIG. 4B shows an angular velocity vector A detected by the angular velocity sensor. Here, the arrow B indicates the positive direction of the angular velocity. In the present embodiment, the projection of the angular velocity vector A onto the traveling direction, the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction shown in FIG. 4A is considered, and the angular velocity component in the traveling direction, the angular velocity component in the vertical direction, and the angular velocity in the horizontal direction, respectively. It is called an ingredient.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the monitoring camera 400 captures an image of a room that is a control target area, and is installed near the top of the room that is a control target area. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation state of the monitoring camera 400. In the example of FIG. 5, the surveillance cameras 400 are installed at two locations near the door in the room, but the present invention is not limited to this. The monitoring camera 400 images a room that is a control target area, and transmits the captured image (captured video) to the positioning server device 100.

  Returning to FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the illumination system, the tap system, and the air conditioning system are targeted for power control. A plurality of LED lighting devices 500 as a lighting system, a plurality of taps 600 as a tap system, and a plurality of air conditioners 700 as an air conditioning system are targeted for power control.

  The plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700 are installed in a room that is a control target area. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation state of the LED lighting device 500, the tap 600, and the air conditioner 700.

  As shown in FIG. 6, one group is formed by six desks in the room, and three groups are provided. One LED lighting device 500 and one tap 600 are provided for each desk. On the other hand, one air conditioner 700 is provided between the two groups. In addition, arrangement | positioning of such LED lighting apparatus 500, the tap 600, and the air conditioner 700 is an example, and is not limited to the example shown in FIG.

  Although not shown in FIG. 6, the sum total information of the total power in the room according to the present embodiment can be grasped by the grid power measuring device installed outside the room.

  Inside the room, 18 employees are carrying out specific business activities, and entering and exiting the room is done through two doors. In this embodiment, the layout, devices, the number of users, and the like are limited, but the present invention can be applied to a wider variety of layouts and devices. Furthermore, the present invention can be widely extended and applied to the arbitraryness in scalability of the space scale and the number of users, and the arbitraryness in the user attribute and the type of business involved when viewed in individual units or group units. In addition, the present embodiment is not limited to the indoor space as shown in FIGS.

  The positioning server device 100 and the control server device 200 according to the present embodiment are installed outside the rooms shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, the positioning server device 100 and the control server device 200 are not subject to power control, but these may be subject to power control.

  In this embodiment, network devices such as Wi-Fi access points, switching hubs, and routers constituting the communication network system are not subject to power control, but can also be subject to power control. It is.

  Note that the amount of power consumed by these network devices is the amount of power obtained by dividing the total power consumption of the LED lighting device 500, the air conditioner 700, and the tap 600 from the total power consumption measured by the system power measurement device. Can be calculated.

  Each of the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700 is remotely controlled by the control server device 200 via a network.

  That is, the LED lighting device 500 is remotely controlled by the control server device 200 with respect to the illumination range and illuminance. Specifically, the LED lighting device 500 is provided with an on / off switch that can be individually controlled remotely, and the on / off control is performed by the control server device 200 by a wireless control method using Wi-Fi. The LED lighting device 500 uses an LED lamp with a dimming function in consideration of low power consumption, and the dimming function is configured to be capable of remote control via Wi-Fi.

  In addition, as an illumination system, if it is an illuminating device with a light control function, you may make it use the other illuminating device which has light emission parts other than an LED lamp.

  The air conditioner 700 is remotely controlled by the control server device 200 to turn on and off the power. That is, the air conditioner 700 can be individually controlled remotely, and the control targets are the air direction and the air blowing intensity in addition to the on / off of the air conditioner 700. In the present embodiment, the temperature and humidity for blowing are not controlled, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the temperature and humidity can be controlled.

  The tap 600 includes a plurality of tap openings, and the power supply on / off of each tap opening is remotely controlled by the control server device 200. That is, the tap 600 is provided with an on / off switch that can be remotely controlled individually for each tap opening. The on / off control is performed by the control server device 200 using a Wi-Fi wireless control scheme. The number of tap openings included in one tap 600 can be any number, but as an example, a structure in which one tap is constituted by four tap openings can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, one tap 600 is installed on each desk. The tap 600 can be connected to an electrical device (not shown), specifically, a desktop PC, a display device, a notebook PC, a printer device, and chargers.

  In the present embodiment, the power source of a display device, which is a device in which a direct relationship with a person is important, is connected to the tap opening of the tap 600. The display device is a device that can be controlled by turning on / off the power supplied to the tap port by the control server device 200.

  When a desktop PC main body or a printer device is connected to the tap 600, the control server device 200 cannot control the power supplied to the tap port on / off due to the configuration of the device. For this reason, for desktop PCs, control software can be controlled by installing control software that can shift to the power saving mode or shutdown via the network, and return from the power saving mode or shutdown state. Is a manual operation by the user himself.

  Further, when a charger or a notebook PC at the time of charging is connected to the tap 600, it is always turned on for convenience. Note that devices connected to the tap opening of the tap 600 are not limited to these.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the positioning server device 100 receives the detection data of each sensor, detects the position and operation status of the employee wearing each sensor, and transmits the position and operation status to the control server device 200. .

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the positioning server device 100. As shown in FIG. 7, the positioning server device 100 mainly includes a communication unit 101, a position specifying unit 102, an operation state detection unit 103, a correction unit 104, and a storage unit 110.

  The storage unit 110 is a storage medium such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a memory, and stores various information necessary for processing of the positioning server device 100 such as indoor map data that is a control target area.

  The communication unit 101 detects the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor mounted on the smartphone 300 at regular intervals, or the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor of the sensor group 301 separate from the smartphone 300. Receive data. That is, the communication unit 101 receives an acceleration vector from the acceleration sensor, receives an angular velocity vector from the angular velocity sensor, and receives a magnetic orientation vector from the geomagnetic sensor.

  In addition, the communication unit 101 receives a captured image from the monitoring camera 400. Further, the communication unit 101 transmits an operation status such as an absolute position of an employee, which will be described later, and a direction, posture, and the like to the control server device 200.

  The position specifying unit 102 analyzes the received detection data and specifies the absolute position of the employee in the room with the accuracy of the human shoulder width or stride. Details of the method for specifying the absolute position of the employee by the position specifying unit 102 will be described later.

  The operation state detection unit 103 analyzes the received detection data and detects the operation state of the employee. In the present embodiment, the operation state detection unit 103 detects whether the employee is in a stationary state or a walking state as the operation state. In addition, when the operation status is stationary, the operation status detection unit 103 operates based on the detection data to determine whether the employee's direction and the employee's posture with respect to the device in the control target area are standing or sitting. Detect the situation.

  That is, when it is detected from the captured image from the monitoring camera 400 that the employee has entered the room through the door, the operation state detection unit 103 detects the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the like of the smartphone 300 attached to the employee who has entered the room. Using the time series data of the acceleration vector and the angular velocity vector among the detection data sequentially received from the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor of the sensor group 301 separate from the geomagnetic sensor or the smartphone 300, the employee's It is sequentially determined whether the operation state is a walking state or a stationary state. Here, the method of determining whether the employee's motion state is the walking state using the acceleration vector and the angular velocity vector can be realized by, for example, processing by a dead reckoning device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4243684. Then, when it is determined that the person is not in a walking state by this method, the operation state detection unit 103 can determine that the person is in a stationary state.

  More specifically, the operation state detection unit 103 can detect a human operation state as follows, similarly to the processing by the dead reckoning device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4243684.

  That is, the operation state detection unit 103 obtains a gravitational acceleration vector from the acceleration vector received from the acceleration sensor and the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor, subtracts the gravitational acceleration vector from the acceleration vector, and removes the vertical acceleration. Obtain time-series data of residual acceleration components. Then, the motion state detection unit 103 performs principal component analysis on the time-series data of the residual acceleration component to obtain the traveling direction of the walking motion. Furthermore, the motion state detection unit 103 searches for a pair of peak and valley peaks of the acceleration component in the vertical direction, and searches for a pair of valley peak and peak of the acceleration component in the traveling direction. Then, the operation state detection unit 103 calculates the gradient of the acceleration component in the traveling direction.

  Furthermore, the operation state detection unit 103 determines whether or not the gradient of the acceleration component in the traveling direction is equal to or greater than a predetermined value at the detection time of the valley peak at which the vertical acceleration component changes from the peak to the peak. And when it is more than a predetermined value, it determines with an operating condition of an employee being a walking state.

  On the other hand, in the above processing, a peak-to-valley peak pair in the vertical acceleration component is not searched, or a trough peak-to-peak peak pair in the traveling acceleration component is not searched, or a vertical acceleration is detected. When the gradient of the acceleration component in the traveling direction is less than a predetermined value at the time of detection of the valley peak at which the component changes from the peak to the valley peak, the movement status detection unit 103 indicates that the movement status of the employee is stationary. It is determined that it is in a state.

  When it is determined that the employee is in a stationary state, the position specifying unit 102 uses the acceleration vector, the angular velocity vector, and the magnetic orientation vector as a reference position, and determines that the employee is in a stationary state from the reference position. A relative movement vector to the determined position is obtained. Here, as a calculation method of the relative movement vector using the acceleration vector, the angular velocity vector, and the magnetic azimuth vector, for example, a method disclosed in the processing of the dead reckoning device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-47950 can be used.

  More specifically, the position specifying unit 102 can obtain the relative movement vector as follows, similarly to the processing of the dead reckoning device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-47950.

  That is, the position specifying unit 102 obtains a gravity azimuth vector from the acceleration vector received from the acceleration sensor and the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor, and from the gravity azimuth vector and the magnetic azimuth vector received from the angular velocity vector or the geomagnetic sensor, The attitude angle is calculated as the moving direction. The position specifying unit 102 obtains a gravitational acceleration vector from the acceleration vector and the angular velocity vector, and calculates an acceleration vector generated by the walking motion from the gravitational acceleration vector and the acceleration vector. Then, the position specifying unit 102 analyzes and detects the walking motion from the gravitational acceleration vector and the acceleration vector generated by the walking motion, and determines the magnitude of the walking motion based on the detection result. And the acceleration vector generated by the walking motion, and the measurement result is used as a stride. Then, the position specifying unit 102 obtains a relative movement vector from the reference position by integrating the movement direction and the stride thus obtained. In other words, the position of the person in charge is detected in real time with an accuracy of human stride or shoulder width, for example, approximately 60 cm or less (more specifically, approximately 40 cm or less).

  When the relative movement vector is calculated in this way, the position specifying unit 102 determines the absolute position after the movement of the employee from the relative movement vector from the door and the indoor map data stored in the storage unit 110. Identify.

  Thereby, the position specifying unit 102 can specify up to which desk the employee is placed in the room, and as a result, the shoulder width of the person, for example, approximately 60 cm or less (more specifically, approximately The position of the employee can be specified with an accuracy of about 40 cm or less.

  The higher the positional accuracy, the better. For example, assuming a scene in which two or more people are having a conversation, it is rare that they talk in contact with each other, and they are separated by a certain distance. Therefore, when considering accuracy, in this embodiment, the accuracy corresponding to the length from the waist to the knee is used as the accuracy appropriate for the accuracy equivalent to the human shoulder width or stride, whether standing or sitting.

  According to anthropometric data published by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (Makiko Kawauchi, Masaaki Mochimaru, Hiroshi Iwasawa, Seiji Mitani (2000): Japanese Human Body Size Database 1997-98, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Industrial Technology Life and JIS Center) The data (shoulder width) corresponding to the shoulder width of adolescents and elderly men and women is about 35 cm (34.8 cm) for the elderly women with the lowest average value, and about 40 cm (39.7 cm) for the highest adolescent men It has become. Similarly, the difference between the length from the waist to the knee (pubic bone joint upper edge height−femoral outer epicondyle height) is about 34 cm to about 38 cm. On the other hand, the stride when a human moves is 95 steps when walking 50 m, and is about 53 cm (50 ÷ 95 × 10) from now on, and the position detection method according to the present embodiment can have an accuracy equivalent to the stride. . Therefore, from the above data, the present embodiment is configured assuming that an accuracy of 60 cm or less, preferably 40 cm or less is appropriate. These data serve as a standard for considering accuracy, but are based on the Japanese and are not limited to these values.

  In addition, when the employee's absolute position is specified and the employee is stationary at the seat in front of the desk, the operation status detection unit 103 determines the employee's position based on the orientation of the magnetic orientation vector received from the geomagnetic sensor. A direction (orientation) with respect to the display device is determined. In addition, when the employee is stationary at the seat in front of the desk, the operation state detection unit 103 determines the posture of the employee, that is, whether the employee is standing or sitting from the vertical acceleration component of the acceleration vector. To do.

  Here, as in the dead reckoning device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4243684, the determination as to the standing state or the sitting state is based on the acceleration vector received from the acceleration sensor and the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor. Thus, the acceleration component in the vertical direction can be obtained. And the operation condition detection part 103 can obtain | require the peak of the peak and trough of the acceleration component of a perpendicular direction similarly to the dead reckoning apparatus currently disclosed by patent 4243684, for example.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of acceleration components in the vertical direction when the sitting operation and the standing operation are performed. As shown in FIG. 8, in the case of the seating operation, the interval from the peak of the peak of the acceleration component in the vertical direction to the peak of the valley is about 0.5 seconds. On the other hand, in the standing motion, the interval from the peak of the vertical acceleration component to the peak of the peak is about 0.5 seconds. For this reason, the operation state detection unit 103 determines whether the employee is in a sitting state or a standing state based on the peak interval. That is, when the interval from the peak of the peak of the acceleration component in the vertical direction to the peak of the valley is within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds, the operation state detection unit 103 is in the seated state. Is determined. Further, when the interval from the peak of the vertical acceleration component peak to the peak of the mountain is within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds, the operation state detection unit 103 is in an upright state. Is determined.

  As described above, when the operation state detection unit 103 determines whether the employee's operation state is the standing state or the seating state, the position in the height direction of the employee is approximately 50 cm or less (more specifically, approximately 40 cm). It means that it was detected with the following accuracy.

  Further, as in the example shown in FIG. 3, a smartphone 300 equipped with information devices for detecting human motion such as an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor is worn on the waist, and further, the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetism are mounted. When a small headset-type sensor group 301 including sensors is mounted on the head, the operation state detection unit 103 can further detect the posture and movement of the employee as described below.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing waveforms of angular velocity components in the horizontal direction when the squatting operation and the standing operation are performed. From the acceleration data from the acceleration sensor, waveforms similar to those of the seating motion and the standing motion shown in FIG. 8 are detected, but it is difficult to discriminate the squatting motion and the standing motion only from the acceleration data.

  For this reason, the motion state detection unit 103 uses the above-described method for discriminating between the sitting motion and the standing motion based on the waveform of FIG. 8, and the temporal change in the angular velocity data in the horizontal direction received from the angular velocity sensor becomes the waveform of FIG. By judging whether or not they match, a squatting action and a standing action are discriminated.

  Specifically, the operation state detection unit 103 first has an interval from the peak of the vertical acceleration component to the peak of the valley based on the acceleration vector received from the acceleration sensor within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds. Determine whether or not.

  When the interval from the peak of the peak of the acceleration component in the vertical direction to the peak of the valley is within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds, the motion state detection unit 103 detects the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor. As shown in the waveform of FIG. 9, the angular velocity component of gradually increases from 0, then reaches a peak of the mountain with a rapid increase, gradually decreases from the peak of the mountain, then gradually returns to 0, and the time between Is about 2 seconds, it is determined that the employee's action is a squatting action.

  In addition, the operation state detection unit 103 determines whether or not the interval from the peak of the valley of the acceleration component in the vertical direction to the peak of the peak is within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds. When the interval from the peak of the valley of the acceleration component in the vertical direction to the peak of the mountain is within a predetermined range from 0.5 seconds, the motion state detection unit 103 performs the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor. When the angular velocity component of the peak reaches the valley peak stepwise from 0, gradually returns to 0 from the valley peak, and the time between them is about 1.5 seconds, as shown in the waveform of FIG. It is determined that the employee's movement is a standing movement.

  As the angular velocity vector used in the determination of the squatting motion and the standing motion in the motion state detection unit 103 as described above, it is preferable to use an angular velocity vector received from an angular velocity sensor mounted on the head. This is because the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction based on the angular velocity vector from the angular velocity sensor worn on the head shows the waveform shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of the angular velocity component in the vertical direction when the employee performs an operation of changing the direction by approximately 90 degrees in a stationary state. If the angular velocity component in the vertical direction is positive, the direction is changed to the right side, and if it is negative, the direction is changed to the left side.

  The operation state detection unit 103 gradually changes the angular velocity component in the vertical direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor from 0 to gradually reaching the peak of the mountain as shown in FIG. When it returns and the time between these is about 3 seconds, it determines with the operation | movement changing a direction to the right.

  Further, the operation state detection unit 103 gradually returns to 0 after the time-dependent change in the angular velocity component in the vertical direction reaches the peak of the valley gradually from 0 as shown in the waveform of FIG. Is about 1.5 seconds, it is determined that the direction changes to the left.

  The motion state detection unit 103 is similar to the waveform of FIG. 10 according to the above-described determination in terms of the vertical angular velocity component of the angular velocity vector received from both the angular velocity sensor of the head and the angular velocity sensor of the hip smartphone 300. When the change over time is indicated, it is determined that the movement of the whole body changes to the right or left.

  On the other hand, the motion state detection unit 103 shows that the vertical angular velocity component of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor of the head shows a temporal change similar to the waveform of FIG. When the angular velocity component in the vertical direction of the angular velocity vector from the angular velocity sensor shows a temporal change that is completely different from the waveform of FIG. 10, it is determined that the direction of the head is changed to the right or left. As such an operation, for example, a posture operation in the case of communicating with an adjacent employee while the employee is sitting can be considered.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the waveform of the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor of the head when the line of sight is removed from the display in the sitting state.

  Consider a case where the position specifying unit 102 specifies the absolute position of the employee as being in front of the desk, and the operation state detecting unit 103 detects that the employee in front of the desk is in a sitting state. In such a case, the motion state detection unit 103 gradually increases the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor of the employee's head from 0 as shown in the waveform of FIG. When the peak of the valley is reached and then suddenly returns to 0 and the time between them is about 1 second, it is determined that the operation is an operation in which the eyes are removed from the display in the sitting state (upward operation). Further, the operation state detection unit 103 reaches the peak of the mountain while the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction gradually increases from 0 as in the waveform shown in FIG. 11, and then gradually returns to 0. When the time is about 1.5 seconds, it is determined that the operation is to return the line of sight to the display from the state where the line of sight is removed from the display in the sitting state.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the waveform of the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor of the head when the line of sight is removed from the display in the sitting state.

  Consider a case where the position specifying unit 102 specifies the absolute position of the employee as being in front of the desk, and the operation state detecting unit 103 detects that the employee in front of the desk is in a sitting state. In such a case, the operation state detection unit 103 causes the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction of the angular velocity vector received from the angular velocity sensor of the employee's head to suddenly start from 0 as shown in the waveform shown in FIG. When it reaches the peak of the mountain and then suddenly returns to 0 and the time between them is about 0.5 seconds, it is determined that the movement is looking down from the display while sitting down. To do.

  Further, the operation state detection unit 103 reaches the peak of the valley while the angular velocity component in the horizontal direction decreases rapidly from 0 as in the waveform shown in FIG. 12, and then suddenly returns to 0. When the time is about 1 second, it is determined that the operation is to return the line of sight to the display from the state where the line of sight is removed from the display in the sitting state.

  As described above, the motion state detection unit 103 is a posture and motion that an office employee can take on a daily basis, that is, walking (standing state), standing (stationary state), sitting on a chair, squatting at work, sitting state Alternatively, it is possible to determine by the above-described method whether the direction (direction) is changed in the standing state, looking up at the heaven in the sitting state or the standing state, whispering in the sitting state or the standing state, and the like.

  In addition, when using the technique of the dead reckoning device of patent 4243684, as disclosed in patent 4243684, the lifting and lowering motion of a human by an elevator is also determined using the acceleration component in the vertical direction. .

  For this reason, in the present embodiment, the operation state detection unit 103 uses the function of the map matching device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-14713, and displays the vertical acceleration component in a place without an elevator. In the case where the waveform shown in FIG. 8 is detected, it is possible to determine with high accuracy whether the operation is a standing operation or a seating operation, unlike the elevator lifting / lowering operation by the dead reckoning device of Japanese Patent No. 4243684.

  The correction unit 104 corrects the specified absolute position and operation status (direction and posture) based on the captured image from the monitoring camera 400 and the map data stored in the storage unit 110. More specifically, the correction unit 104 determines whether or not the absolute position, direction, and posture of the employee determined as described above are correct by image analysis of the captured image of the monitoring camera 400 or the like, It is determined whether or not the data is correct using the data and the function of the map matching device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-14713. If it is incorrect, the correction unit 104 corrects the correct absolute position, direction, and orientation obtained from the captured image and the function of the map matching device.

  The correction unit 104 performs correction using not only a captured image from the monitoring camera 400 but also limited means such as short-range wireless and optical communication such as RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) and Bluetooth (registered trademark). You may comprise as follows.

  In the present embodiment, the same technique as the dead reckoning device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4243684 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-47950, and the same as the map matching device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-14713 The technology detects the motion state of the employee, the relative movement vector from the reference position, and the posture (whether standing or seated), but the detection method is not limited to these technologies.

  In addition, as a technique capable of detecting a human position, in addition to the method described above performed by the positioning server device 100 based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor, for example, entrance / exit management using an IC card or the like , Human detection by a human sensor, a method using a wireless LAN, a method using an indoor GPS (IMES), a method for processing an image captured by a camera, a method using an active RFID, and visible light communication Methods are known.

  In the entrance / exit management using an IC card or the like, personal identification is possible, but the positioning accuracy is extremely low for the entire area to be managed. Therefore, although it is possible to know who is in the area, it is not possible to grasp the human activity status in the area.

  Human detection by a human sensor can obtain a positioning accuracy of about 1 to 2 m which is a detection range of the human sensor, but individual identification cannot be performed. In addition, in order to grasp the human activity state in the area, it is necessary to disperse and arrange a large number of human sensors in the area.

  In the method using a wireless LAN, the distance between one wireless LAN terminal possessed by a human and a plurality of LAN access points installed in the area is measured, and the position of the human in the area is determined by the principle of triangulation. Is identified. Although this method enables individual identification, the positioning accuracy is highly dependent on the environment, and the positioning accuracy is generally as low as 3 m or more.

  In the method using indoor GPS, a dedicated transmitter that emits radio waves in the same frequency band as that of GPS satellites is installed indoors, and a signal in which position information is embedded in a portion where normal GPS satellites transmit time information from the transmitter is used. Send. Then, the signal is received by a receiving terminal possessed by an indoor person, thereby specifying the position of the person inside. Although this method can identify individuals, the positioning accuracy is as low as about 3 to 5 m. In addition, it is necessary to install a dedicated transmitter, which increases the introduction cost.

  Although the method for image processing of the captured image of the camera can obtain a relatively high positioning accuracy of about several tens of centimeters, it is difficult to perform individual identification. For this reason, in the positioning server device 100 of the present embodiment, the captured image of the monitoring camera 400 is used only when the absolute position, direction, and posture of the employee are corrected.

  In the method using active RFID, a person has an RFID tag with a built-in battery, and the position of the person is specified by reading information of the RFID tag with a tag reader. Although this method enables individual identification, the positioning accuracy is highly dependent on the environment, and the positioning accuracy is generally as low as 3 m or more.

  The method using visible light communication enables individual identification and relatively high positioning accuracy of about several tens of centimeters. However, humans cannot be detected in places where the visible light is blocked, and natural light and other Since there are many noise sources and interference sources such as visible light, it is difficult to maintain the stability of detection accuracy.

  In contrast to these techniques, the method performed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment is capable of individual identification, provides high positioning accuracy equivalent to a human shoulder width or stride, and, in addition, only by the human position. Without being able to detect human operating conditions. Specifically, according to the method performed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment, the posture and motion that an office employee can take on a daily basis, that is, walking (standing state), standing up as a human operating state. Detect (shut down), sit in a chair, squat when working, change direction (direction) in sitting or standing state, look up to the sky in sitting or standing state, whisper in sitting or standing state, etc. Can do.

  For this reason, in this embodiment, the positioning server device 100 uses the above-described method based on the detection data of the acceleration sensor, the angular velocity sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor of the smartphone 300 and the sensor group 301, and in the office that is the control target area. The absolute position of the employee and the operation status of the employee are detected. However, the method for detecting the position of the employee in the room that is the control target area is not limited to the above-described method performed by the positioning server device 100. For example, one or more of the other methods described above are used. The position of the employee may be detected by a combination, and the position of the employee may be detected by combining one or more of the other methods described above with the above-described method performed by the positioning server device 100. It may be.

  Next, details of the control server device 200 will be described. The control server device 200 includes a plurality of LED lighting devices 500, a plurality of taps 600, and a plurality of air conditioners installed in the room based on the position and operation information (direction, posture) of the employee in the room that is the control target area. Each of the devices 700 is remotely controlled via a network.

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the control server device 200 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, the control server device 200 according to the present embodiment mainly includes a communication unit 201, a power consumption management unit 202, a device control unit 210, and a storage unit 220.

  The storage unit 220 is a storage medium such as an HDD or a memory, and each of control target devices (a plurality of LED lighting devices 500, a plurality of taps 600, and a plurality of air conditioners 700) installed in a room that is a control target region. Various information necessary for processing of the control server device 200, such as position data and a dimming time set when dimming control is performed on the LED lighting device 500, is stored.

  The communication unit 201 receives the absolute position and motion information (direction, posture) of the employee from the positioning server device 100. Further, the communication unit 201 receives power consumption from the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the electric devices connected to the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700. In addition, the communication unit 201 transmits a control signal for performing power control to the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700.

  The power consumption management unit 202 manages the power consumption received from the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, the electric devices connected to the plurality of taps 600, and the plurality of air conditioners 700.

  The device control unit 210 includes a lighting device control unit 211, an outlet control unit 213, and an air conditioner control unit 215. The lighting device control unit 211 controls the LED lighting device 500 based on the absolute position and operation information (direction, posture) of the employee. More specifically, for example, if the employee is seated on the LED lighting device 500 arranged in the vicinity of the received absolute position, the lighting device control unit 211 narrows the lighting range from a predetermined range. A control signal for setting and setting the illuminance higher than a predetermined threshold is transmitted via the communication unit 201. As a result, it is possible to control the illumination range and illuminance suitable for fine work for an employee working in a sitting state.

  On the other hand, the lighting device control unit 211 sets a control signal for setting the illumination range wider than the predetermined range and setting the illuminance lower than the predetermined threshold if the employee stands up for the LED lighting device 500. It transmits via the communication part 201. Thereby, it becomes possible to control the illumination range and the illuminance so that the standing employee can look over the entire room, for example.

  In addition, the lighting device control unit 211 identifies the LED lighting device 500 that is subject to dimming control based on the position of the employee in the room that is the control target region, and sets the dimming level of the identified LED lighting device 500, Dimming control is performed to smoothly change from the current level to the target level within the set dimming time. Details of the light control for the LED lighting device 500 will be described later.

  The outlet control unit 213 controls power on / off of the tap opening of the tap 600 based on the absolute position and operation information (direction, posture) of the employee. More specifically, for example, the outlet control unit 213 indicates that the employee is seated on the display device connected to the tap 600 disposed in the vicinity of the received absolute position, and the direction with respect to the display device is In the case of the front, a control signal for turning on the switch of the tap port to which the display device is connected in the tap 600 is transmitted via the communication unit 201.

  On the other hand, the outlet control unit 213 connects the display device connected to the tap 600 when the employee is standing or the direction toward the display device is rearward. A control signal for turning off the switch at the tapped port is transmitted via the communication unit 201.

  As described above, the power control is performed according to the direction of the employee with respect to the display device. The display device is an important device in the direct relationship with the employee, and the display device is used when the direction is forward. It is because it can be judged. Further, it can be determined that the display device is being used when the posture of the employee is in the sitting state. As described above, in the present embodiment, power control is performed in consideration of actual use of the device, and finer control can be performed compared to the case where power control is simply performed based on the distance from the device. It becomes possible.

  Furthermore, the outlet control unit 213 of the present embodiment performs power control of the desktop PC main body and the display device in conjunction with the employee's personal recognition information. For example, the personal authentication information of the employee is transmitted from the smartphone 300 held by the employee to the positioning server device 100 and transmitted from the positioning server device 100 to the control server device 200. Using this personal authentication information, the control server device 200 can perform power control on a desktop PC main body and display device that are exclusively used by employees.

  The air conditioner control unit 215 controls on / off of the power supply of the air conditioner 700 based on the absolute position of the employee. More specifically, the air conditioner control unit 215 transmits, via the communication unit 201, a control signal for turning on the power of the air conditioner 700 set in the group in which the received seat at the absolute position exists, for example.

  Next, the detection process by the positioning server device 100 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of detection processing performed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment. The detection process according to the flowchart is executed for each of the plurality of smartphones 300.

  In addition to the detection process according to this flowchart, the positioning server device 100 includes an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, or an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor mounted on the plurality of smartphones 300. Detection data (acceleration vector, angular velocity vector, magnetic direction vector) is received from each sensor at regular intervals, and captured images are received from a plurality of monitoring cameras 400.

  First, whether or not the employee has entered the room that is the control target area is determined based on, for example, a captured image of a door that opens and closes (step S11). When entering the room (step S11: Yes), the operation state detection unit 103 detects the operation state of the employee who has entered the room by the above-described method (step S12). Then, the operation state detection unit 103 determines whether or not the employee's operation state is the walking state (step S13), and repeatedly detects the operation state while the worker is in the walking state (step S13: Yes). .

  On the other hand, when the employee's operation state is not the walking state in step S13 (step S13: No), the operation state detection unit 103 determines that the employee's operation state is the stationary state. And the position specific | specification part 102 calculates a relative movement vector from a door by the above-mentioned method by making a reference | standard position into a door (step S14).

  And the position specific | specification part 102 specifies the absolute position of the employee who became the stationary state with the map data of the room preserve | saved at the memory | storage part 110, and the relative movement vector from a door (step S15). Thereby, the position specifying unit 102 can specify up to which desk the employee is placed in the room, and as a result, the shoulder width of the employee (approximately 60 cm or less, more specifically approximately 40 cm). The position of the employee is specified with the accuracy of the following.

  Next, the operation state detection unit 103 further detects the direction (orientation) of the employee with respect to the display device from the magnetic orientation vector received from the geomagnetic sensor as the operation state of the stationary employee (step S16).

  Next, the operation state detection unit 103 detects the posture, whether the sitting state or the standing state, as the operation state of the employee by the above-described method (step S17). Thereby, the operation state detection unit 103 has detected the position in the height direction of the employee with an accuracy of approximately 50 cm or less (more specifically, approximately 40 cm or less).

  Further, the operation status detection unit 103 is an operation status of the employee, whether it is a squatting operation or a standing operation, an operation for changing the orientation in the sitting state, an operation for returning the direction, an operation for raising the line of sight in the sitting state, or an operation for returning the line of sight. Either an operation of lowering the line of sight or an operation of returning the line of sight in the sitting state may be detected.

  Next, the correction unit 104 determines whether or not correction is necessary for the specified absolute position, detected direction, and posture as described above, and corrects if necessary (step S18).

  Then, the communication unit 101 transmits the absolute position, the detected direction and orientation (if corrected, the corrected absolute position, the detected direction and orientation) to the control server device 200 as detection result data. (Step S19).

  Next, device control processing by the control server device 200 will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the device control process according to the present embodiment. Here, in the device control processing of the present embodiment, a basic processing procedure excluding dimming control for the LED lighting device 500 will be described, and a dimming control procedure for the LED lighting device 500 will be described later.

  First, the communication unit 201 receives the absolute position, direction, and posture of the employee as detection result data from the positioning server device 100 (step S31). Next, each control unit 211, 213, 215 of the device control unit 210 specifies the LED lighting device 500, the tap 600, and the air conditioner 700 to be controlled from the absolute position of the received detection result data (step S32).

  More specifically, the lighting device control unit 211 refers to the position data stored in the storage unit 220 and specifies the LED lighting device 500 installed on the desk corresponding to the absolute position as a control target. Further, the outlet control unit 213 refers to the position data stored in the storage unit 220 and specifies the tap 600 installed near the desk corresponding to the absolute position as a control target. The air conditioner control unit 215 refers to the position data stored in the storage unit 220 and specifies the air conditioner 700 installed corresponding to a group having a desk corresponding to the absolute position as a control target.

  Next, the air conditioner control unit 215 performs control to turn on the power of the identified air conditioner 700 (step S33).

  Next, the outlet control unit 213 determines whether or not the direction of the received detection result data is forward and whether or not the posture of the detection result data is a seated state (step S34). When the direction is the front and the posture is the seating state (step S34: Yes), the outlet control unit 213 switches the switch of the tap mouth to which the display device is connected in the tap 600 specified in step S32. Control to turn on is performed (step S35).

  On the other hand, when the direction is rearward or the posture is standing in step S34 (step S34: No), the outlet control unit 213 connects the display device at the tap 600 specified in step S32. Control is performed to turn off the switch of the tapped port (step S36).

  Next, the lighting device control unit 211 determines again whether or not the posture of the received detection result data is the seating state (step S37). If the posture is the seated state (step S37: Yes), the lighting device control unit 211 sets the lighting range of the LED lighting device 500 specified in step S32 to be narrower than the predetermined range, and the dimming control described later. Thus, the illuminance is controlled to be higher than a predetermined threshold (step S38).

  On the other hand, when the posture is in the standing state in step S37 (step S37: No), the lighting device control unit 211 sets the lighting range of the LED lighting device 500 specified in step S32 to be wider than a predetermined range, which will be described later. Control is performed so that the illuminance becomes lower than a predetermined threshold value by the dimming control (step S39).

  In addition, you may comprise each control part 211,213,215 of the apparatus control part 210 so that control other than the control mentioned above with respect to each control object apparatus may be performed.

  In addition, the operation status of the employee may be a squatting or standing operation, an operation to change the orientation in the sitting state, an operation to return, or an operation to raise the line of sight in the sitting state (an operation to look up) or an operation to return the line of sight. The control units 211, 213, and 215 of the device control unit 210 may be configured to control the devices to be controlled by the operation of lowering the line of sight (the operation of looking down) or the operation of returning the line of sight.

  The following examples can be given as examples of each operation, device to be controlled, and control method in such a case. These operations are operations that can occur when an employee is seated in front of a desk. The control target device is a PC or a display device of a PC, a desk lamp, and a tabletop fan corresponding to individual air conditioning. Etc.

  For example, when the employee is at a desk and the detected detection result data determines that the operation of squatting continues for a certain period of time or longer, the switch of the tap port to which the PC power supply is connected is turned off. Thus, the outlet control unit 213 can be configured. In addition, the mode control unit can be configured so that the device control unit 210 is provided with a mode control unit that controls the mode of the device, and the display device of the PC is shifted to the standby mode.

  In addition, when the standing operation is detected from the sitting state and the standing state continues for a certain time or more, the mode control unit is configured to shift the PC to the standby mode, or the power supply of the display device is connected at the same time. The outlet control unit 213 can be configured to turn off the switch of the tapped port.

  The following control is given as an example for the operation of changing the direction. When a change in the orientation of the face or upper body is detected from the state of sitting at the desk, and this state continues for a certain period of time, the situation may be such as talking to another employee in the adjacent seat. If the lighting device such as a PC, a display device, a desk lamp, etc. is set to standby or turned off and the orientation of the employee is returned to the original state, and it is detected that the posture is returned to the original posture, the PC, the display device, The outlet control unit 213 and the mode control unit can be configured to turn on a lighting device such as a desk lamp.

  In addition, when the employee reads a document at a desk, an operation of looking down is performed, and when the employee comes up with an idea or thinks of the idea, an operation of looking up at the ceiling direction can be performed. For this reason, when an operation of looking up or looking down for a certain time or longer is continuously detected, the outlet control unit 213 performs control to shift the PC to the standby mode or to turn off the display device. A mode control unit can be configured. Further, in the case of an operation to look down, the outlet control unit 213 may be configured to perform control without turning off the desk lamp.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the position of the employee is specified with the accuracy of the shoulder width, the direction and posture of the employee is detected, and the power control of the device is performed. Control becomes possible, and further power saving and energy saving can be realized while maintaining the comfort of the employee and high efficiency of work.

  That is, in this embodiment, not only the employee is detected, but also the equipment that the employee uses exclusively, the lighting equipment, the air conditioner, and the office equipment near the desk on which the employee sits are individually controlled. It is possible to grasp the power consumption of each person at the same time.

  In the prior art, even if the power of buildings, offices, entire factories, and entire offices can be realized so-called `` visualization '', it is unclear how individuals should save power, and the overall target value If the situation is not tight, such as exceeding the power supply amount, the power consumption will not be continually promoted because it is difficult to be aware of power saving, etc., but according to this embodiment, the comfort of employees is maintained. Thus, further power saving can be realized while suppressing a decrease in business efficiency.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, even in automatic device control, power saving can be further improved by performing cooperative control between devices as well as employees and devices.

  Next, light control performed by the lighting device control unit 211 in the device control unit 210 of the control server device 200 will be described in detail with specific examples.

  FIG. 16 is a block diagram in which a portion related to dimming control is extracted from the configuration of the device control system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 16, the lighting device control unit 211 provided in the device control unit 210 of the control server device 200 includes a control target detection unit 211a, a light control unit 211b, and a functional configuration related to light control. A dimming time changing unit 211c. The storage unit 220 of the control server device 200 includes a setting level storage unit 221, a target level storage unit 222, and a dimming time storage unit 223. The LED lighting device 500 that is a subject of dimming control is a device whose dimming level is controlled by PWM (pulse width modulation) control, and includes a PWM control circuit 501 and an LED drive circuit 502. In FIG. 16, for convenience, only one LED lighting device 500 is illustrated, but all of the plurality of LED lighting devices 500 provided in the control target region have the same configuration.

  The setting level storage unit 221 of the storage unit 220 stores the dimming level (setting level) currently set for each of the plurality of LED lighting devices 500 provided in the control target area. Further, the target level storage unit 222 stores a target value (target level) of the light control level corresponding to the position of the employee within the control target area. In addition, the dimming time storage unit 223 stores a dimming time that is a time width for changing the dimming level from the set level to the target level.

  In the present embodiment, the room that is the control target area is divided into a plurality of areas corresponding to the plurality of LED lighting devices 500, respectively. Each divided area is uniquely associated with an LED lighting device 500 that mainly affects the illuminance of that area. The coordinates of the area corresponding to each LED lighting device 500 are calculated based on the coordinates of each LED lighting device 500, for example. The coordinates of each LED lighting device 500 are stored in the storage unit 220 as the position data described above. In the present embodiment, among the plurality of indoor areas, the illuminance of the area where the employee stays (stay area) is increased, and the illuminance of the area where the employee does not stay (non-stay area) is increased. Control to lower. Therefore, the target level storage unit 222 includes at least the first target level that is the target value of the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the non-staying area and the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the staying area. The second target level, which is a target value, is stored. The first target level is, for example, 10%, and the second target level is, for example, 90%. In addition, in order to explain the dimming control of the present embodiment in an easy-to-understand manner, the target level is limited, but for example, it corresponds to the stay area according to the number of employees staying in the stay area, the operation status, etc. A plurality of target levels may be determined for the LED lighting device 500 to be used. Further, a plurality of target levels may be determined for the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the non-staying area according to the attribute of the position of the staying area (for example, the distance from the window).

  In the dimming control according to the present embodiment, different dimming times are set depending on whether the control is performed so as to decrease the dimming level or the control is performed so as to increase the dimming level. Therefore, the dimming time storage unit 223 sets the first dimming time that is set when the dimming level is controlled and the second dimming that is set when the dimming level is controlled to increase. I remember the light time. The first dimming time is, for example, a time width longer than the second dimming time. Note that the dimming time is limited in order to explain the dimming control of the present embodiment in an easy-to-understand manner. For example, when a plurality of target levels are set, the dimming time is also plural. The length of the stage may be determined, and the optimal length of the dimming time may be selected according to the difference between the set level and the target level.

  The control target detection unit 211 a of the lighting device control unit 211 detects the LED lighting device 500 that is a target of dimming control based on the position of the employee in the control target region detected by the positioning server device 100. Specifically, the control target detection unit 211a performs a stay area determination process, which will be described later, using employee position information at predetermined time intervals. Then, the control target detection unit 211a has been determined to be an area where the determination result is different between the previous stay area determination process and the current stay area determination process, that is, the stay area determination process in the previous stay area determination process. The area determined to be a non-stay area in the current stay area determination process, or determined to be a non-stay area in the previous stay area determination process, but determined to be a stay area in the current stay area determination process The LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the designated area is detected as the LED lighting device 500 that is a subject of light control.

  The dimming control unit 211b determines the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 detected as the dimming control target by the control target detection unit 211a from the setting level that is the current dimming level stored in the setting level storage unit 221. Control is performed so that the target level stored in the target level storage unit 222 is smoothly changed within the light control time set by reading from the light control time storage unit 223. Specifically, the dimming control unit 211b moves the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area changed from the stay area to the non-stay area from the set level to the first target level (for example, 10%) for the first dimming time. Reduce smoothly within. In addition, the dimming control unit 211b smoothes the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area changed from the non-stay area to the stay area from the set level to the second target level (for example, 90%) within the second dimming time. To rise.

Such dimming control is realized, for example, by the dimming control unit 211b supplying a control signal for uniformly changing the duty ratio within the dimming time to the PWM control circuit 501 of the LED lighting device 500. Can do. Specifically, when the set level is Ls, the target level is Lt, the set dimming time is Td, and the modulation period of the PWM control circuit 501 is M, the dimming control unit 211b is expressed by the following formula (1). Thus, a duty step Ds representing the magnitude of the duty ratio to be changed for each modulation period of the PWM control circuit 501 is calculated. Then, a control signal for changing the duty ratio by the calculated duty step Ds is supplied to the PWM control circuit 501.
Ds = (| Lt−Ls |) / (Td / M) (1)
For example, assuming that the set level Ls is 10%, the target level Lt is 90%, the dimming time Td is 800 ms, and the modulation period M of the PWM control circuit 501 is 10 ms, the dimming control unit 211b has a duty step Ds = 1. Calculated as%. Then, the dimming control unit 211b supplies the PWM control circuit 501 with a control signal for increasing the duty ratio by 1% every 10 ms that is the modulation period M of the PWM control circuit 501 during the dimming time Td of 800 ms. To do.

  The dimming time changing unit 211c changes the dimming time stored in the dimming time storage unit 223 in accordance with the operation of an employee or an administrator who has authority to manage the device control system of the present embodiment. . For example, when an employee or administrator accesses the control server device 200 from a smartphone 300 or a PC and requests a change in the dimming time, the dimming time changing unit 211c is stored in the dimming time storage unit 223 currently. Display a list of available dimming times. Then, when the employee or administrator selects the dimming time to be changed and inputs a new value, the dimming time changing unit 211c receives this input and the dimming time stored in the dimming time storage unit 223. To a new value. By providing the dimming time changing unit 211c, it is possible to appropriately adjust the dimming time in accordance with the comfort of the illuminance change that is actually experienced by the operator. That is, if you feel uncomfortable because the response speed of illuminance change is too fast, make the dimming time longer, and if you feel uncomfortable because the response speed of illuminance change is too slow, make the dimming time shorter. The comfort of the person can be further increased.

  The LED lighting device 500 is supplied with DC power converted from an AC power supply 510 (commercial power supply 100/200 V) by the LED power supply unit 520. The PWM control circuit 501 of the LED lighting device 500 realizes dimming of the LED lighting device 500 by performing PWM control of the DC power supply based on the control signal supplied from the dimming control unit 211b. That is, the PWM control circuit 501 generates a PWM signal based on the control signal supplied from the dimming control unit 211b, and turns on / off the transistor provided in the LED drive circuit 502 according to the PWM signal. Dimming is achieved by adjusting the effective voltage of the DC power supply. Here, in the present embodiment, when the dimming control for changing the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 is performed, the dimming control unit 211b of the lighting device control unit 211 equalizes the duty ratio within the dimming time. Is supplied to the PWM control circuit 501 of the LED lighting device 500. Based on this control signal, the PWM control circuit 501 generates a PWM signal whose duty ratio gradually changes within the dimming time, and turns on / off the transistor provided in the LED drive circuit 502 according to the PWM signal. . As a result, the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 smoothly changes from the set level to the target level within the dimming time.

  FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the LED lighting device 500. The LED drive circuit 502 includes a light emitting unit 502a composed of a plurality of LEDs connected in series, and a transistor 502b connected to the light emitting unit 502a. The base of the transistor 502b is connected to the PWM control circuit 501, and on / off of the transistor 502b is controlled in accordance with the PWM signal from the PWM control circuit 501.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the PWM control. FIG. 18A shows the voltage waveform of the DC power supply when 100% is lit, that is, when the dimming level is 100%. FIG. 18B shows the voltage waveform of the DC power supply when 75% is lit, that is, when the dimming level is 75%. FIG. 18C shows the voltage waveform of the DC power supply when 50% is lit, that is, when the dimming level is 50%. FIG. 18D shows a voltage waveform of the DC power supply when 25% is lit, that is, when the dimming level is 25%. FIG. 18E shows the voltage waveform of the DC power supply when 0% is lit (off), that is, when the dimming level is 0%. As shown in these figures, the PWM control is performed by adjusting the time width during which the DC power source having a constant voltage level is supplied to the light emitting unit 502a of the LED lighting device 500, thereby adjusting the light control of the LED lighting device 500. Control the level.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining conventional general dimming control. For example, when performing dimming control in which the dimming level of the LED lighting device is changed from 10% to 90%, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 19, the PWM control duty ratio is 10% at a certain timing. Is rapidly changed from the duty ratio corresponding to the duty ratio corresponding to the dimming level of 90%. For this reason, the change in illuminance becomes extreme, which may cause discomfort to the employee.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining dimming control according to the present embodiment. In this Embodiment, as above-mentioned, the control object detection part 211a of the illuminating device control part 211 is the LED illuminating device 500 corresponding to the area changed from the stay area to the non-stay area, and the non-stay area to the stay area. The LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the changed area is detected as a light control target. Then, the dimming control unit 211b performs control so that the dimming level of the detected LED lighting device 500 smoothly changes from the set level to the target level within the dimming time. For example, in the case where the dimming level is changed from 10% to 90% in 800 ms, assuming that the modulation period of the PWM control circuit 501 is 10 ms, the duty step is set to 1%, and as shown in FIG. Control to increase the ratio by 1%. Thereby, the illuminance change of the area illuminated by the LED lighting device 500 that is the subject of dimming control becomes moderate, and the discomfort caused by the extreme change in illuminance can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the dimming control of the LED lighting device 500 is realized by adjusting the effective voltage of the DC power supply by PWM control. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, the voltage level is adjusted by analog control. By doing so, dimming control of the LED lighting device 500 may be realized. In this case, dimming control in which the dimming level changes smoothly by controlling the voltage level to change linearly within the dimming time from the voltage level corresponding to the set level to the voltage level corresponding to the target level. Can be realized.

  Next, a specific processing procedure of dimming control by the lighting device control unit 211 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of processing performed by the lighting device control unit 211 of the present embodiment.

  In the lighting device control unit 211 according to the present embodiment, the control target detection unit 211a performs the stay area determination process before the light control by the light control unit 211b, and the LED lighting device that is the target of the light control. 500 is detected. That is, the control target detection unit 211a performs a stay area determination process for a room that is a control target region at predetermined time intervals (step S101). Then, the control target detection unit 211a determines whether or not there is an area where the determination result is different from the previous time (step S102), and if there is no area where the determination result is different from the previous time (step S102: No), it is constant. The stay area determination process is performed again after time. On the other hand, when there is an area whose determination result is different from the previous one (step S102: Yes), the dimming control unit 211b performs dimming control on the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area.

  Here, a method for calculating the coordinate information of the area used for the stay area determination process will be described. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating area coordinate information. 22 is based on the layout of the LED lighting device 500 in the room illustrated in FIG.

  In the example of FIG. 22, with respect to the LED lighting device 500C installed in the center of the room, the LED lighting device 500A on the upper side in the drawing, the LED lighting device 500B on the left side in the drawing, the LED lighting device 500D on the right side in the drawing, It is assumed that the LED lighting devices 500E are adjacent to each other on the lower side in the drawing. Here, the coordinates of the LED lighting device 500A are (xA, yA), the coordinates of the LED lighting device 500B are (xB, yB), the coordinates of the LED lighting device 500C are (xC, yC), and the coordinates of the LED lighting device 500D are ( xD, yD), where the coordinates of the LED lighting device 500E are (xE, yE), these coordinates (xA, yA), (xB, yB), (xC, yC), (xD, yD), (xE, yE) is stored in the storage unit 220 as position data.

Consider the case where the coordinate information of the area corresponding to the LED lighting apparatus 500C installed in the center of the room is calculated under such a premise. When the area corresponding to the LED lighting device 500C is defined as an area surrounded by four points A, B, C, and D, the coordinates of each point are A (xC1, yC1), B (xC1, yC2), C (xC2, yC2) and D (xC2, yC1) can be described, and the area corresponding to the LED lighting device 500C can be expressed by four numerical values xC1, xC2, yC1, and yC2. The four numerical values xC1, xC2, yC1, and yC2 are the coordinates (xA, yA), (xB, yB) of the four LED lighting devices 500A, 500B, 500D, and 500E adjacent to the LED lighting device 500C. , (XC, yC), (xD, yD), (xE, yE) can be calculated as in the following formulas (2) to (5).
xC1 = (xB + xC) / 2 (2)
xC2 = (xC + xD) / 2 (3)
yC1 = (yE + yC) / 2 (4)
yC2 = (yC + yA) / 2 (5)

  With the above method, the coordinates of the corresponding area can be calculated for each of the LED lighting devices 500 installed in the room that is the control target area. If there is a direction where there is no adjacent LED lighting device 500, the coordinates of the indoor wall may be used as the coordinates of the area boundary in that direction. For example, the LED lighting device 500E illustrated in FIG. 22 has no adjacent LED lighting device 500 on the lower side in the figure, and therefore, as the y coordinate yE1 of the points A and D that define the lower area boundary in the figure. The y coordinate (= 0) of the lower wall in the figure may be used.

  Next, a specific example of the stay area determination process executed by the control target detection unit 211a will be described. FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of stay area determination processing. The control target detection unit 211a repeatedly executes the stay area determination process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 23 at predetermined time intervals. In the following description, the position of the employee received from the positioning server device 100 by the communication unit 201 of the control server device 200 is expressed as coordinates (x, y).

  First, the control target detection unit 211a sets an area to be determined as an area n, and sets an initial value (n = 1) to n (step S201).

  Next, the control target detection unit 211a acquires coordinate information of the area n (Step S202). As described above, the coordinate information of the area n is represented by four numerical values of xn1, xn2, yn1, and yn2. For example, these numerical values are calculated in advance and stored in the storage unit 220 or the like.

  Next, the control object detection unit 211a compares the position (x, y) of the employee detected by the positioning server device 100 with the coordinate information xn1, xn2, yn1, yn2 of the area n. It is determined whether or not it is a stay area. That is, the control target detection unit 211a determines whether or not the value of x is in the range of xn1 to xn2 (step S203), and determines whether or not the value of y is in the range of yn1 to yn2. (Step S204). When the value of x is within the range of xn1 to xn2 (step S203: Yes) and the value of y is within the range of yn1 to yn2 (step S204: Yes), the area n is defined as the stay area. The information indicating that the area n is a stay area is temporarily stored in the storage unit 220 or the like (step S205). On the other hand, when the value of x is not within the range of xn1 to xn2 (step S203: No), or when the value of y is not within the range of yn1 to yn2 (step S204: No), area n is defined as a non-staying area. Judgment is made and information is not stored.

  Next, the control target detection unit 211a increments the value of n (step S206), and whether or not the value of n exceeds the number of areas, that is, whether the area is a stay area or a non-stay area. It is determined whether or not the determination of whether it has been completed (step S207). If the value of n is equal to or less than the number of areas (step S207: No), the process returns to step S202 to acquire the coordinate information of a new area n, and the subsequent processing is repeated. On the other hand, if the value of n exceeds the number of areas (step S207: Yes), the stay area determination process is terminated.

  Thereafter, the control target detection unit 211a refers to the information temporarily stored in the storage unit 220 or the like, and detects the LED lighting device 500 that is a target of dimming control. That is, the control target detection unit 211a determines that the current stay area determination process is an area different from the previous time, that is, the stay area determination process is determined to be a stay area in the previous stay area determination process. Whether there is an area determined to be a stay area, or an area that was determined to be a non-stay area in the previous stay area determination process but was determined to be a stay area in the current stay area determination process If it exists, the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area is detected as the LED lighting device 500 that is the subject of the light control.

  Next, a specific example of the dimming control executed by the dimming control unit 211b will be described. FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing a procedure of dimming control. The dimming control unit 211b performs dimming control shown in the flowchart of FIG. 24 for the detected LED lighting device 500 when the control target detection unit 211a detects the LED lighting device 500 that is subject to dimming control. Execute.

  First, the dimming control unit 211b reads out and obtains a setting level, which is a dimming level currently set for the LED lighting device 500 that is a target of dimming control, from the setting level storage unit 221 of the storage unit 220. (Step S301).

  Next, the dimming control unit 211b reads out and acquires the target level, which is the target value of the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 that is the target of dimming control, from the target level storage unit 222 of the storage unit 220 (step). S302). Specifically, the dimming control unit 211b acquires the first target level (for example, 10%) from the target level storage unit 222 for the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area changed from the stay area to the non-stay area. For the LED lighting device 500 corresponding to the area changed from the non-stay area to the stay area, the second target level (for example, 90%) is acquired from the target level storage unit 222.

  Next, the dimming control unit 211b includes the first dimming time and the second dimming time stored in the dimming time storage unit 223 of the storage unit 220 according to whether the dimming level is lowered or raised. , One of them is selected and set (step S303). That is, the dimming control unit 211b selects and sets the first dimming time when reducing the dimming level, and selects and sets the second dimming time when increasing the dimming level. .

  Next, the dimming control unit 211b uses the setting level acquired in step S301, the target level acquired in step S302, and the dimming time selected in step S303, and the PWM control circuit 501 performs the above-described method. A duty step representing the magnitude of the duty ratio to be changed for each modulation period is calculated (step S304).

  Next, the dimming control unit 211b supplies a control signal for changing the duty ratio by the duty step calculated in step S304 to the PWM control circuit 501 of the LED lighting device 500 that is a target of dimming control (step S304). S305). As a result, the PWM control circuit 501 generates a PWM signal in which the duty ratio gradually changes within the dimming time, and the transistors provided in the LED drive circuit 502 are on / off controlled in accordance with the PWM signal. The dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 that is the subject of dimming control changes smoothly from the set level to the target level within the dimming time.

  As described above in detail with specific examples, according to the present embodiment, based on the position of the employee in the control target area detected by the positioning server device 100, the control server device 200 The control target detection unit 211a detects the LED lighting device 500 that is a target of dimming control. Then, the dimming control unit 211b of the control server device 200 performs control so as to smoothly change the dimming level of the LED lighting device 500 detected by the control target detection unit 211a from the set level to the target level within the dimming time. To do. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to save power by reducing the power consumption of useless equipment as much as possible according to the position of the employee, etc., and to reduce the illuminance caused by the LED lighting equipment 500 changing. Pleasure can be reduced.

  The positioning server device 100 and the control server device 200 according to the present embodiment include a control device such as a CPU, a storage device such as a ROM and a RAM, an external storage device such as an HDD and a CD drive device, and a display device such as a display device. And an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and has a hardware configuration using a normal computer.

  The detection program executed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment and the control program executed by the control server device 200 according to the present embodiment are files in an installable format or an executable format and are CD-ROM, flexible The program is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a disc (FD), a CD-R, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).

  Further, the detection program executed by the positioning server device 100 of the present embodiment and the control program executed by the control server device 200 of the present embodiment are stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet, and the network You may comprise so that it may provide by making it download via. Further, the detection program executed by the positioning server device 100 of the present embodiment and the control program executed by the control server device 200 of the present embodiment may be provided or distributed via a network such as the Internet. Good.

  Further, the detection program executed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment and the control program executed by the control server device 200 according to the present embodiment may be provided by being incorporated in advance in a ROM or the like. .

  The detection program executed by the positioning server device 100 according to the present embodiment has a module configuration including the above-described units (communication unit 101, position specifying unit 102, operation status detection unit 103, correction unit 104). As the hardware, a CPU (processor) reads the detection program from the storage medium and executes it to load the above-described units onto the main storage device. The communication unit 101, the position specifying unit 102, the operation status detection unit 103, and the correction The unit 104 is generated on the main storage device.

  The control program executed by the control server device 200 of this embodiment includes the above-described units (communication unit 201, power consumption management unit 202, lighting device control unit 211 (control target detection unit 211a, dimming control unit 211b, dimming control unit 211b, The module includes a light time changing unit 211c), an outlet control unit 213, and an air conditioner control unit 215. As actual hardware, a CPU (processor) reads and executes a control program from the storage medium. The above-described units are loaded on the main storage device, the communication unit 201, the power consumption management unit 202, the lighting device control unit 211 (control target detection unit 211a, dimming control unit 211b, dimming time changing unit 211c), outlet control unit 213, an air conditioner control unit 215 is generated on the main storage device.

  Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, it can be embodied. That is, the specific configuration and operation of the above-described embodiment are merely examples, and various modifications and changes can be made according to the application and purpose.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Positioning server apparatus 101 Communication part 102 Position specific | specification part 103 Operation | movement condition detection part 104 Correction | amendment part 110 Storage part 200 Control server apparatus 201 Communication part 202 Power consumption management part 210 Device control part 211 Illumination equipment control part 211a Control object detection part 211b Adjustment Light control unit 211c Dimming time changing unit 213 Outlet control unit 215 Air conditioner control unit 220 Storage unit 300 Smartphone 400 Monitoring camera 500 LED lighting device 600 Tap 700 Air conditioner

JP 2011-003479 A

Claims (3)

A lighting control device for controlling lighting equipment installed in a control target area,
The lighting apparatus that is a target to change the dimming level based on the position of the person in the control target area, which is specified based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor possessed by a person A detection unit for detecting
A dimming control unit that smoothly changes the dimming level of the detected lighting device from a current level to a target level within a set dimming time ; and
When the dimming control unit lowers the dimming level of the detected lighting device, the dimming control unit smoothly reduces the dimming level from the current level to the target level within the first dimming time. and when increasing the dimming level of the lighting equipment, the Rukoto smoothly raised in different second dimming time from the first dimming time dimming level from the current level to the target level A lighting control device. A lighting control device for controlling lighting equipment installed in a control target area,
The lighting apparatus that is a target to change the dimming level based on the position of the person in the control target area, which is specified based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor possessed by a person A detection unit for detecting
A dimming control unit that smoothly changes the dimming level of the detected lighting device from a current level to a target level within a set dimming time; and
Features and to that lighting control device that obtain Preparations and changing unit, a for changing the dimming time in response to user operation. A lighting control device for controlling lighting equipment installed in a control target area,
The lighting apparatus that is a target to change the dimming level based on the position of the person in the control target area, which is specified based on detection data of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a geomagnetic sensor possessed by a person A detection unit for detecting
A dimming control unit that smoothly changes the dimming level of the detected lighting device from a current level to a target level within a set dimming time; and
The lighting device is a device whose dimming level is controlled by PWM control,
The dimming control unit, lighting control device you and supplying a control signal for changing uniformly the duty ratio within the dimming time to the lighting device.

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