JP6060296B1 - Switched reluctance motor device with constant current control - Google Patents

Switched reluctance motor device with constant current control Download PDF

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JP6060296B1
JP6060296B1 JP2016083347A JP2016083347A JP6060296B1 JP 6060296 B1 JP6060296 B1 JP 6060296B1 JP 2016083347 A JP2016083347 A JP 2016083347A JP 2016083347 A JP2016083347 A JP 2016083347A JP 6060296 B1 JP6060296 B1 JP 6060296B1
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JP2017195673A (en
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允 田仲
允 田仲
千津子 寺内
千津子 寺内
美香 田村
美香 田村
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08Reluctance motors

Abstract

【課題】電力の回路損失を少なくして効率改善を図り、また、回転子の回転停止まで回生(発電)できるものとする。【解決手段】転流回路20は、各相のコイル32に電流を供給、遮断するスイッチSA,SB,SCと、各相のコイル32の負極側とスイッチSA,SB,SCとの接続点から定電流電源10の正極端子側に向けて接続された回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3とを備え、各相のコイル32は、定電流電源10の正極側端子と負極側端子との間にスイッチSA,SB,SCを介して接続され、スイッチSA,SB,SCはコイル32の負極側にのみ備えられ、転流回路20は、モータ30駆動時及び回生時に、コイル32の残留磁気エネルギーを、回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3を通して次に励磁されるコイル32に重畳して回収再利用し、かつ、回生時にはコイル32への供給電流及び残留磁気エネルギーをバッテリー10Bに充電するように、転流動作させる。【選択図】図1It is possible to improve efficiency by reducing circuit loss of electric power, and to regenerate (power generation) until a rotor stops rotating. A commutation circuit 20 is configured to connect switches SA, SB, SC for supplying and interrupting current to a coil 32 of each phase, and a connection point between the negative side of the coil 32 of each phase and the switches SA, SB, SC. The recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3 connected to the positive terminal side of the constant current power source 10 are provided, and the coil 32 of each phase is connected to the switch SA between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the constant current power source 10. , SB, SC are connected, and the switches SA, SB, SC are provided only on the negative side of the coil 32, and the commutation circuit 20 recovers the residual magnetic energy of the coil 32 when the motor 30 is driven and regenerated. It is superposed on the coil 32 to be excited next through the diodes D1, D2 and D3 and recovered and reused. At the time of regeneration, the current supplied to the coil 32 and the residual magnetic energy are charged to the battery 10B. To, to operate commutation. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a switched reluctance motor device by constant current control.

スイッチドリラクタンスモータ(以下、SRモータという)は、複数の励磁用のコイルを持つ固定子と、固定子に対して相対的に回転可能な磁性体から成る回転子とを備え、固定子のコイルに回転子の位置に応じて電流を供給することで生じる磁気吸引力によって回転子を回転駆動させる。SRモータは、交流モータよりも小型かつ高効率であり、かつ、永久磁石を必要としないことから注目されている。   A switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as an SR motor) includes a stator having a plurality of exciting coils and a rotor made of a magnetic material that can rotate relative to the stator, and the stator coil. The rotor is driven to rotate by a magnetic attraction generated by supplying an electric current to the rotor according to the position of the rotor. SR motors are attracting attention because they are smaller and more efficient than AC motors and do not require permanent magnets.

ところが、SRモータは、1つの相のコイルへの通電を次の相のコイルへの通電に切り換える転流動作時に、残留磁気エネルギーが回転子にブレーキとして作用して、振動、騒音を発生しやすい。こうしたSRモータにおいて、モータの加速、減速時に、一方のコイルに残留している電気エネルギーを回生し、この回生した電気エネルギーを他方のコイルに利用し、電力効率の向上を図ることが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   However, in the SR motor, residual magnetic energy acts as a brake on the rotor and easily generates vibration and noise during commutation operation in which energization of one phase coil is switched to energization of the next phase coil. . In such an SR motor, it is known that electric energy remaining in one coil is regenerated when the motor is accelerated or decelerated, and this regenerated electric energy is used for the other coil to improve power efficiency. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

また、SRモータにおいて、3相の固定子コイルを各々励磁するための励磁制御用スイッチと、コイル内の電気エネルギーを回生するための回生制御用スイッチと、各相について2つの高速ダイオードとを用いて、回生ループや発電ループを形成して、励磁コイルが有する電気エネルギーを電源に回生することが提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。   In the SR motor, an excitation control switch for exciting each of the three-phase stator coils, a regeneration control switch for regenerating electrical energy in the coils, and two high-speed diodes for each phase are used. Thus, it has been proposed to form a regenerative loop or a power generation loop to regenerate the electric energy of the exciting coil to the power source (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

特開2014−131465号公報JP 2014-131465 A 特許5771857号公報Japanese Patent No. 5771857

ところが、特許文献1に示されるSRモータは、定電圧電源によるモータ駆動であって、回生した電気エネルギーを他方のコイルに利用するために、電源と直列関係にある充放電用コンデンサに電気エネルギーを回生している。そのため、コイルへの電流供給を制御するスイッチとは別に、充放電用コンデンサに電気エネルギーを回生するためのスイッチを別個に設けている。このため、電力の回路損失が大きく、更なる効率改善が求められる。   However, the SR motor shown in Patent Document 1 is a motor driven by a constant voltage power source, and in order to use the regenerated electric energy for the other coil, the electric energy is supplied to the charging / discharging capacitor in series with the power source. It is regenerating. For this reason, a switch for regenerating electrical energy is separately provided in the charge / discharge capacitor separately from the switch for controlling the current supply to the coil. For this reason, the circuit loss of electric power is large, and the further efficiency improvement is calculated | required.

また、特許文献2に示されるSRモータにおいては、回生ループは、励磁制御用スイッチ回生制御用スイッチがともにオフのときに、励磁コイルと2つの高速ダイオードとにより形成される構成であって、回転子の回転数が高くて所定の電流以上が流れている時は回生(発電)できるが、回転子の回転停止まで回生(発電)できるものではない。   In the SR motor shown in Patent Document 2, the regenerative loop is configured by an excitation coil and two high-speed diodes when both the excitation control switch and the regeneration control switch are off, When the number of rotations of the rotor is high and a predetermined current or more is flowing, regeneration (power generation) is possible, but regeneration (power generation) is not possible until the rotor stops rotating.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するものであり、電力の回路損失を少なくして効率改善を図り、また、回転子の回転停止まで回生(発電)できる、定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a switched reluctance motor device by constant current control that can improve efficiency by reducing circuit loss of power and can regenerate (power generation) until the rotor stops rotating. The purpose is to provide.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、磁性体から成る回転子、及び前記回転子に周方向に対向して設けられた励磁用の各相のコイルが巻かれた固定子を有したモータと、
バッテリー又はキャパシタから前記モータに定電流を供給する定電流電源と、
各種検出信号や指令信号に基づいて所定のタイミングで前記定電流電源から供給される電流を前記各相のコイルに順次に供給、遮断して転流動作させることによりモータ駆動及び回生させる転流回路と、を備え、
前記転流回路は、前記各相のコイルに電流を供給、遮断するスイッチと、前記各相のコイルの負極側と前記スイッチとの接続点から前記定電流電源の正極端子側に向けて接続された回収ダイオードと、を備え、
前記各相のコイルは、前記定電流電源の正極側端子と負極側端子との間に前記転流回路のスイッチを介して接続され、前記スイッチは前記コイルの負極側にのみ備えられ、
前記転流回路は、モータ駆動時及び回生時に、前記コイルの残留磁気エネルギーを、前記回収ダイオードを通して次に励磁されるコイルに重畳して回収再利用し、かつ、回生時には前記コイルへの供給電流及び速度起電力により増幅された蓄積磁気エネルギーをバッテリー又はキャパシタに充電するように転流動作させる、ことを特徴とする定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置である。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a motor having a rotor made of a magnetic material and a stator around which coils for excitation are provided so as to face the rotor in the circumferential direction. When,
A constant current power source for supplying a constant current from a battery or a capacitor to the motor;
A commutation circuit that drives and regenerates a motor by sequentially supplying and shutting off the current supplied from the constant current power source to the coils of each phase at a predetermined timing based on various detection signals and command signals, and performing a commutation operation. And comprising
The commutation circuit is connected from a connection point between a switch for supplying and interrupting current to the coils of each phase and a negative electrode side of the coils of each phase and the switch toward a positive electrode terminal side of the constant current power source. A recovery diode, and
The coils of each phase are connected via a switch of the commutation circuit between a positive electrode side terminal and a negative electrode side terminal of the constant current power source, the switch is provided only on the negative electrode side of the coil,
The commutation circuit collects and recycles the residual magnetic energy of the coil when the motor is driven and regeneratively by superimposing it on the next excited coil through the recovery diode, and at the time of regeneration, supplies current to the coil. And a switched reluctance motor device by constant current control, wherein the stored magnetic energy amplified by the speed electromotive force is commutated so as to charge the battery or the capacitor.

本発明によれば、コイルへの電流を供給、遮断する開閉スイッチがコイルの負極側にのみ備えられたローサイド切り構成であるため、開閉スイッチがコイルの両極側に備えられた両切り構成に較べ、転流時に、コイルのインダクタンスによる電流を流せなく現象を回避でき、電流増幅作用が得られ、定電流電源からの供給電流以上の大きな電流がコイルに流れ、モータ出力が得られる。また、電力の回路損失も少なく、効率改善が可能となる。また、構成も簡単で駆動トルクの脈動も少なくなり、振動は低減される。また、モータ停止まで電力回生が可能となる。   According to the present invention, since the open / close switch for supplying and cutting off the current to the coil is provided on only the negative side of the coil, the open / close switch is provided on only the negative side of the coil. At the time of commutation, it is possible to avoid the phenomenon without flowing the current due to the inductance of the coil, a current amplification effect is obtained, a large current more than the supply current from the constant current power source flows to the coil, and a motor output is obtained. In addition, the power circuit loss is small, and the efficiency can be improved. In addition, the configuration is simple, the pulsation of the drive torque is reduced, and the vibration is reduced. Further, power regeneration can be performed until the motor stops.

本発明の一実施形態に係るSRモータ装置の回路構成図。The circuit block diagram of the SR motor apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (a)は同SRモータ装置のモータの構成を示す図。(A) is a figure which shows the structure of the motor of the SR motor apparatus. (a)は同SRモータ装置における駆動時のスイッチの開閉制御のタイミング図、(b)は回生時のスイッチの開閉制御のタイミング図。(A) is a timing diagram of switch opening and closing control during driving in the SR motor device, (b) is a timing diagram of switch opening and closing control during regeneration. 同SRモータ装置における転流回路による転流動作のタイムチャート図。The time chart figure of the commutation operation | movement by the commutation circuit in the SR motor apparatus. (a)は同SRモータ装置のモータ駆動時の動作を説明する図、(b)は同モータ駆動時の電流の流れを説明する図。(A) is a figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of the motor drive of the SR motor apparatus, (b) is a figure explaining the flow of the electric current at the time of the motor drive. (a)の同SRモータ装置のモータ回生時の動作を説明する図、(b)は同モータ回生時の電流の流れを説明する図。The figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of motor regeneration of the SR motor apparatus of (a), (b) is the figure explaining the flow of the electric current at the time of the motor regeneration. ローサイド切り式のモータ装置の具体回路図。The specific circuit diagram of the motor apparatus of a low side cutting type.

(SRモータ装置)
本発明の一実施形態に係る、定電流制御によるスイッチドリタクタンスモータ(以下、SRモータという)装置について図面を参照して説明する。図1はSRモータ装置100の回路構成を示す。SRモータ装置100は、定電流電源10と、定電流電源10から電力が供給される転流回路20と、SRモータ30(以下、モータという)とを備える。定電流電源10は、定電流制御系を内蔵し、外部から与えられる指令に応じた値の直流定電流を出力する。本実施形態では、直流電源としてのリチウムイオン電池等のバッテリー10B(又はキャパシタ)が定電流電源10に並列に設けられている。
(SR motor device)
A switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as an SR motor) device using constant current control according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of the SR motor device 100. The SR motor device 100 includes a constant current power source 10, a commutation circuit 20 to which power is supplied from the constant current power source 10, and an SR motor 30 (hereinafter referred to as a motor). The constant current power source 10 has a built-in constant current control system and outputs a DC constant current having a value corresponding to a command given from the outside. In the present embodiment, a battery 10 </ b> B (or capacitor) such as a lithium ion battery as a DC power supply is provided in parallel to the constant current power supply 10.

転流回路20は、モータ30の各相のコイル32に電流を供給、遮断するスイッチSA,SB,SCと、各相のコイル32の負極側と各スイッチSA,SB,SCとの接続点から定電流電源10の正極端子側に向けて接続された回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3と、を備える。転流回路20は、スイッチSA,SB,SCを開閉制御する転流制御回路61をも含む。回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3は、励磁コイルの残留磁気エネルギー(詳細は後述)を回収するためのものである。   The commutation circuit 20 supplies the current to the coils 32 of the respective phases of the motor 30 by switches SA, SB, SC, and the connection point between the negative side of the coils 32 of each phase and the switches SA, SB, SC. And recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3 connected toward the positive terminal of the constant current power source 10. The commutation circuit 20 also includes a commutation control circuit 61 that controls opening and closing of the switches SA, SB, and SC. The recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3 are for recovering residual magnetic energy (details will be described later) of the exciting coil.

モータ30は、本例では固定子励磁用の多相コイルとして、3相(A相、B相、C相)のコイル32を持つ。これら各相のコイル32は、複数個が並列関係(直列関係でも可能)に備えられ、固定子の周方向に設けられた複数の凸形状の磁極の3つ毎に順次繰り返し巻回されている。各相のコイル32に所定のタイミングで切換え供給される直流定電流によって固定子磁極が順次励磁され、回転磁界が形成され、それに磁性体で成る回転子が吸引されることで回転する。各相のコイル32は、定電流電源10の正極側端子と負極側端子との間に、負極側に配されたスイッチSA,SB,SCを介して接続されている。これらスイッチSA,SB,SCには、シリコンカーバイト等で成る半導体スイッチング素子を用いればよい。   The motor 30 has a three-phase (A phase, B phase, C phase) coil 32 as a multiphase coil for stator excitation in this example. A plurality of the coils 32 of each phase are provided in a parallel relationship (also possible in a serial relationship), and each of the plurality of convex magnetic poles provided in the circumferential direction of the stator is sequentially and repeatedly wound. . The stator magnetic poles are sequentially excited by a DC constant current switched and supplied to the coils 32 of each phase at a predetermined timing, a rotating magnetic field is formed, and a rotor made of a magnetic material is attracted to the stator 32 to rotate. The coils 32 of each phase are connected between the positive electrode side terminal and the negative electrode side terminal of the constant current power supply 10 via switches SA, SB, SC arranged on the negative electrode side. For these switches SA, SB and SC, semiconductor switching elements made of silicon carbide or the like may be used.

転流制御回路61は、各種検出信号や指令信号に基づいて所定のタイミングで、転流回路20のスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉を制御し、モータ30の各相のコイル32に定電流電源10からの直流定電流を直流方形波形に順次に切換え供給、遮断する。それによりモータ30を駆動及び回生させる。スイッチSA,SB,SCはコイル32の負極側にのみ備えられたローサイド切り式の構成とされている。また、転流回路20は、モータ駆動時及び回生時に、励磁コイルの残留磁気エネルギーを、回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3を通して次に励磁されるコイルに重畳して回収再利用し、かつ、回生時には励磁コイルへの供給電流及び残留磁気エネルギーをバッテリー10B又はキャパシタに充電するように転流動作させる。   The commutation control circuit 61 controls the opening / closing of the switches SA, SB, SC of the commutation circuit 20 at a predetermined timing based on various detection signals and command signals, and supplies a constant current power source to each phase coil 32 of the motor 30. The DC constant current from 10 is sequentially switched to a DC square waveform to supply and shut off. Thereby, the motor 30 is driven and regenerated. The switches SA, SB, and SC have a low-side cutting type configuration that is provided only on the negative electrode side of the coil 32. Further, the commutation circuit 20 collects and recycles the residual magnetic energy of the exciting coil by superimposing it on the next excited coil through the recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3 when the motor is driven and regenerated, and at the time of regeneration. A commutation operation is performed so as to charge the battery 10B or the capacitor with the current supplied to the exciting coil and the residual magnetic energy.

定電流電源10は、周知の定電流回路(図示省く)を内蔵し、さらに、負極側端子側から正極側端子側に電流を流す充電用ダイオードD4を備えている。定電流電源10は、転流回路10による回生動作時に、充電用ダイオードD4を通して、モータ30のコイルへの供給電流、及び、コイルの残留磁気エネルギーが速度起電力により増幅された蓄積磁気エネルギーによる電流を、バッテリー10を充電する方向に流す。また、本例では、充電用ダイオードD4と直列に、回生時に閉制御される回生スイッチKSを備えている。また、モータ30のコイル32と直列に、コイル電流を検知するための電流センサ7が設けられている。電流センサ7は各相コイルに設けられていてもよい。転流制御回路61は、電流センサ7の検出信号のほか、回転子の角度位置情報、制御指令等が入力され、スイッチの開閉動作指令を出力する。   The constant current power source 10 incorporates a known constant current circuit (not shown), and further includes a charging diode D4 that allows current to flow from the negative terminal side to the positive terminal side. During the regenerative operation by the commutation circuit 10, the constant current power supply 10 passes through the charging diode D <b> 4, the current supplied to the coil of the motor 30, and the current due to the accumulated magnetic energy in which the residual magnetic energy of the coil is amplified by the speed electromotive force. In the direction of charging the battery 10. In this example, a regenerative switch KS that is closed and controlled during regeneration is provided in series with the charging diode D4. Further, a current sensor 7 for detecting a coil current is provided in series with the coil 32 of the motor 30. The current sensor 7 may be provided in each phase coil. The commutation control circuit 61 receives, in addition to the detection signal of the current sensor 7, angular position information of the rotor, a control command, and the like, and outputs a switch opening / closing operation command.

(SRモータ装置の転流制御について)
転流制御回路61は、回転子33の固定子1に対する相対的な角度位置を表す角度位置情報(モータ30に設けられた角度位置検出器により検出される)に基づいて、転流回路20内の各相に対応するスイッチSA、SB、SCをオン、オフさせるための動作信号を出力する。また、転流制御回路61は、駆動指令に代えて回生・制動指令が入力されると、前記動作信号の出力タイミングを、駆動時のタイミングから、回転子33が電気角120度(3相の場合)に対応する角度を回転する時間だけシフトしたタイミングに切り換える。この電気角は、励磁コイルの相数等に応じて適宜設定される。
(Commutation control of SR motor device)
The commutation control circuit 61 is based on the angular position information (detected by the angular position detector provided in the motor 30) representing the relative angular position of the rotor 33 with respect to the stator 1, and the commutation circuit 20 The operation signals for turning on / off the switches SA, SB, SC corresponding to the respective phases are output. In addition, when a regenerative / braking command is input instead of a drive command, the commutation control circuit 61 sets the output timing of the operation signal to an electrical angle of 120 degrees (three-phase) from the timing at the time of driving. Switch to the timing shifted by the rotation time. This electrical angle is appropriately set according to the number of phases of the exciting coil.

転流制御回路61は、入力される動作指令に応じて定電流電源10の内部回路又は転流回路20を切換える。これにより、回生時にコイルの残留磁気エネルギーでもってバッテリー10Bを充電できる。駆動時、バッテリー10Bの正極より定電流電源10及び転流回路20を通してコイルに電流が流れ、この電流はバッテリー10Bの負極に戻る。コイルへの通電により固定子磁極が励磁され、それにより回転子が吸引され回転する。回生制動時には、回転子は外部の力で回転している。スイチングSA〜SCはPWM制御により定電流制御し、バッテリー10Bの正極より定電流電源10を通して位相シフトされた電流を固定子のコイルに流し、コイルを励磁する。それにより固定子31に発生する磁束は、外力で回っている回転子33を後ろに引っ張る。このとき、回転子33が磁束を切ることにより、コイルに速度起電力として蓄積磁気エネルギーが発生する。PWM制御のデユーテイ比を制御することにより、バッテリー10Bに充電制御つまり電力回生の制御が可能となる。電力回生は、モータコイルの内部損出分の電流を流すことでモータ停止まで可能となる。   The commutation control circuit 61 switches the internal circuit of the constant current power supply 10 or the commutation circuit 20 according to the input operation command. Thereby, the battery 10B can be charged with the residual magnetic energy of the coil during regeneration. During driving, a current flows from the positive electrode of the battery 10B to the coil through the constant current power supply 10 and the commutation circuit 20, and this current returns to the negative electrode of the battery 10B. The stator magnetic poles are excited by energization of the coils, whereby the rotor is attracted and rotated. During regenerative braking, the rotor rotates with external force. The switching SA to SC perform constant current control by PWM control, and a phase-shifted current is passed from the positive electrode of the battery 10B through the constant current power source 10 to the stator coil to excite the coil. Thereby, the magnetic flux generated in the stator 31 pulls the rotor 33 rotating by an external force backward. At this time, when the rotor 33 cuts the magnetic flux, accumulated magnetic energy is generated in the coil as a speed electromotive force. By controlling the duty ratio of the PWM control, it is possible to control charging of the battery 10B, that is, control of power regeneration. The power regeneration can be performed until the motor is stopped by flowing a current corresponding to the internal loss of the motor coil.

(モータ構成)
図2は、一実施形態に係るモータ30の構成を示す。モータ30は、固定子31と回転子33とを備え、固定子31は、積層鋼鈑にて形成され、回転子33を囲むように設けられている。回転子33は、積層鋼鈑にて形成され、不図示の回転軸に固定され、回転軸は回転自在に軸受に支持されている。回転子33が固定子31の外周に対向して設けられた構成であってもよい。回転軸の回転角度位置は、不図示の角度位置検出器により検出される。固定子31は、円周上に等角度間隔にて配列された6n個(nは2以上の整数、本例ではn=2)の磁極311〜322を備えている。それら磁極311〜322の各々にはコイルが巻回されている。コイルは図示を省いている。回転子33は、円周上に等間隔に並ぶ2n個(nは2以上の整数、本例ではn=2)の凸極331〜334を備えている。固定子31の磁極311〜322の先端部と回転子33の凸極331〜334の先端との間には所定の磁気ギャップが形成されている。
(Motor configuration)
FIG. 2 shows a configuration of the motor 30 according to the embodiment. The motor 30 includes a stator 31 and a rotor 33, and the stator 31 is formed of a laminated steel plate and is provided so as to surround the rotor 33. The rotor 33 is formed of a laminated steel plate, is fixed to a rotation shaft (not shown), and the rotation shaft is rotatably supported by a bearing. The rotor 33 may be provided so as to face the outer periphery of the stator 31. The rotational angular position of the rotary shaft is detected by an angular position detector (not shown). The stator 31 includes 6n magnetic poles 311 to 322 (n is an integer of 2 or more, n = 2 in this example) arranged at equal angular intervals on the circumference. A coil is wound around each of the magnetic poles 311 to 322. The coil is not shown. The rotor 33 includes 2n pieces of convex poles 331 to 334 arranged at regular intervals on the circumference (n is an integer of 2 or more, and n = 2 in this example). A predetermined magnetic gap is formed between the tips of the magnetic poles 311 to 322 of the stator 31 and the tips of the convex poles 331 to 334 of the rotor 33.

次に、図3(a)(b)を参照して、定電流制御回路61による転流回路20のスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉制御を説明する。(a)はモータ駆動時のタイミングを示し、(b)は回生時のタイミングを示す。定電流制御回路61は、回転子の電気角120度幅で各相のコイルに順次、電流が供給されるようにスイッチSA,SB,SCを制御する。駆動時、回生制動時のいずれにおいてもスイッチの開閉動作をA相、B相、C相の順とする。回生時は、駆動時に対して方形波直流定電流波形の電気角を120度シフトさせる。   Next, the opening / closing control of the switches SA, SB, SC of the commutation circuit 20 by the constant current control circuit 61 will be described with reference to FIGS. (A) shows the timing at the time of motor drive, (b) shows the timing at the time of regeneration. The constant current control circuit 61 controls the switches SA, SB, and SC so that current is sequentially supplied to the coils of each phase with a 120-degree electrical angle of the rotor. In both driving and regenerative braking, the switch opening / closing operation is in the order of A phase, B phase, and C phase. During regeneration, the electrical angle of the square wave DC constant current waveform is shifted by 120 degrees with respect to that during driving.

図4を参照して、転流回路20による転流動作を説明する。図4は、各相のコイルの電流がオンしてからオフになるまでの期間の電流波形を示す。同図において、t1,t2,t3は転流タイミングである。転流回路20におけるスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉動作により回路が切り換えられ、その結果、各相のコイルに方形波直流定電流が順次流れる。各相のコイルを流れる電流のオン・オフ動作の周期は、方形波基本周波数fで行なわれる。一相のコイルの電流がオンすると共に前の相のコイルの電流がオフする転流過渡期間における電流の立ち上り、立ち下りは、転流等価周波数fで行われる。方形波基本周波数fは、モータ30における励磁コイル極数Pと回転速度N(毎秒)に依存し、f=P/2×Nにより表される。転流等価周波数fは、転流回路20における電流切換の速さに依存した概念であって、f<fの範囲で適値が選択される。 The commutation operation by the commutation circuit 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows a current waveform during a period from when the coil current of each phase is turned on to when it is turned off. In the figure, t1, t2, and t3 are commutation timings. The circuits are switched by the switching operations of the switches SA, SB, and SC in the commutation circuit 20, and as a result, a square wave DC constant current flows sequentially through the coils of each phase. The cycle of the on / off operation of the current flowing through the coils of each phase is performed at the square wave fundamental frequency f. Rising of the current in the commutation transient period the current is turned off coils of the previous phase as well as on-current of the coil of one phase, falling is carried out in the commutation equivalent frequency f 0. The square wave fundamental frequency f depends on the number P of exciting coils in the motor 30 and the rotational speed N (per second), and is expressed by f = P / 2 × N. Commutation equivalent frequency f 0 is a concept that is dependent on the speed of the current switching in the commutation circuit 20, suitable value is selected in the range of f <f 0.

(モータ駆動時の動作)
次に、図5(a)(b)を参照して、SRモータ装置100のモータ駆動時の動作と電流の流れを説明する。モータ駆動時は、固定子31のA相の磁極(1A,2A,3A,4A)、B相の磁極(1B,2B,3B,4B)、C相の磁極(1C,2C,3C,4C)の各々に巻回されたコイル32(各コイル32は各相において直列接続)に定電流制御により順次、適宜のタイミングで通電することにより、A相→B相→C相(1相→2相→3相)の回転磁界が形成され、回転子33は順次、吸引され回転する。詳細には、代表してA相励磁について説明すると、図5(a)に「励磁開始」として指し示す位置は、回転子凸極(1,2,3,4)の回転方向先端が、固定子磁極(1A−4A)の上流側端点に近接した位置である。この時は、C相コイルの励磁状態からA相側への転流が完了した状態であり、スイッチSAはオン、スイッチSB,SCはオフである。次に、回転子凸極の回転方向先端が、固定子の同磁極の下流側端点に近接した位置に来たときは、B相側への転流を開始し、回転子凸極の回転方向先端が、固定子の次の磁極の上流側端点に近接した位置に来たときは、B相側への転流が完了した状態であり、スイッチSBはオン、スイッチSC,SAはオフである。以下、同様である。A相コイルからB相コイルへの転流の切換により、固定子31の1極ピッチ分だけ回転子33は矢印方向に回転する。なお、磁極1Aのコイル32の他は、図示を省いている。
(Operation during motor drive)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the operation of the SR motor device 100 and the flow of current will be described. When the motor is driven, the A-phase magnetic pole (1A, 2A, 3A, 4A), B-phase magnetic pole (1B, 2B, 3B, 4B), and C-phase magnetic pole (1C, 2C, 3C, 4C) of the stator 31 By sequentially energizing the coils 32 wound around each of the coils 32 (each coil 32 is connected in series in each phase) with constant current control at an appropriate timing, A phase → B phase → C phase (1 phase → 2 phase) (→ 3-phase) rotating magnetic field is formed, and the rotor 33 is sequentially attracted and rotated. Specifically, A phase excitation will be described as a representative. The position indicated as “excitation start” in FIG. 5A is the tip of the rotor salient poles (1, 2, 3, 4) in the rotational direction. It is a position close to the upstream end point of the magnetic pole (1A-4A). At this time, commutation from the excitation state of the C-phase coil to the A-phase side is completed, the switch SA is on, and the switches SB and SC are off. Next, when the rotation direction tip of the rotor salient pole comes to a position close to the downstream end point of the same magnetic pole of the stator, commutation to the B phase side is started, and the rotation direction of the rotor salient pole When the tip comes close to the upstream end point of the next magnetic pole of the stator, the commutation to the B-phase side is completed, the switch SB is on, and the switches SC and SA are off. . The same applies hereinafter. By switching the commutation from the A-phase coil to the B-phase coil, the rotor 33 rotates in the direction of the arrow by one pole pitch of the stator 31. Other than the coil 32 of the magnetic pole 1A, illustration is omitted.

A相コイルの励磁への転流時には、C相コイルの残留磁気エネルギーはダイオードD3を通してA相コイルに流れる。残留磁気エネルギーは、モータ駆動時、回生(発電)時とも、転流時に、次相のコイルに重畳して回収再利用する。また、固定子31の各相の磁極が順次励磁されることにより、回転子31の凸極が吸引され、順方向にトルクを生じる。回転子31の各凸極の回転方向の幅は、固定子33の各磁極の回転方向の幅より大きく設定されており(例えば1.25倍)、励磁極の幅全体が凸極に対向した状態が維持され、回生エネルギーを効率良く回収できる。このため、コイルの残存電流による反抗トルクが生じない。また、転流開始で立ち上がりつつある電流による吸引力は、近傍に回転子33の他の凸極が対向していないので、回転子33の回転に悪影響を及ぼさない。   At the time of commutation to excitation of the A phase coil, the residual magnetic energy of the C phase coil flows to the A phase coil through the diode D3. The residual magnetic energy is collected and reused by being superimposed on the coil of the next phase at the time of commutation both when the motor is driven and during regeneration (power generation). Further, the magnetic poles of the respective phases of the stator 31 are sequentially excited, whereby the convex poles of the rotor 31 are attracted and torque is generated in the forward direction. The width in the rotation direction of each convex pole of the rotor 31 is set larger than the width in the rotation direction of each magnetic pole of the stator 33 (for example, 1.25 times), and the entire width of the excitation pole faces the convex pole. The state is maintained, and regenerative energy can be recovered efficiently. For this reason, there is no resistance torque due to the residual current of the coil. Further, the attractive force caused by the current rising at the start of commutation does not adversely affect the rotation of the rotor 33 because the other convex poles of the rotor 33 are not opposed to each other.

電流の流れは、A相励磁時の電流流れを図5(b)に矢印で示すように、供給励磁電流と共にA相のコイルを通り定電流電源10の負極側に流れる。B相励磁時は、供給励磁電流と共にB相のコイルを通り定電流電源10の負極側に流れる。このとき、A相の残留磁気エネルギーはB相コイルに流れる。C相励磁時は、供給励磁電流と共にC相のコイルを通り定電流電源10の負極側に流れる。このとき、B相の残留磁気エネルギーはC相コイルに流れる。他の相の励磁時についても同様である。なお、図5(a)において、磁極1A,1B,1C,・・・は、図2に示した磁極311,312,312,・・・に対応する。凸極1−4は、凸極331−334に対応する。   As shown by the arrow in FIG. 5B, the current flow during the A-phase excitation flows along with the supply excitation current through the A-phase coil to the negative side of the constant current power source 10. At the time of B phase excitation, it flows to the negative electrode side of the constant current power source 10 through the B phase coil together with the supply excitation current. At this time, the A phase residual magnetic energy flows to the B phase coil. At the time of C-phase excitation, it flows through the C-phase coil together with the supply excitation current and flows to the negative side of the constant current power source 10. At this time, the B phase residual magnetic energy flows to the C phase coil. The same applies to the excitation of other phases. 5A, magnetic poles 1A, 1B, 1C,... Correspond to the magnetic poles 311, 312, 312,. The convex poles 1-4 correspond to the convex poles 331-334.

(モータ回生時の動作)
次に、図6(a)(b)を参照して、SRモータ装置100のモータ回生時の動作と電流の流れを説明する。回生(発電)時は、回転子33は外力で回っている。回転子33の凸極(1,2,3,4)は、固定子31の磁極(1A−4A,1B−4B,1C−4C)のコイル32への定電流制御による通電励磁により回転方向と逆に引っ張られる。代表してA相励磁時に、図6(a)に「励磁開始」として指し示すように、回転子33の凸極(1,2,3,4)の回転方向先端が、固定子31の磁極(1A−4A)の下流側端点に近接した位置(励磁開始位置)に来た時に、スイッチSAをオンさせると、C相コイルの残留磁気エネルギーはダイオードD3に流れ、さらにA相コイルに流れる。回生(発電)時の励磁は、駆動時の電気角を120度位相シフトさせたものとする。定電流制御では電流の流れる方向が一定のため、A相励磁時は、供給励磁電流と共に速度起電力により増幅された蓄積磁気エネルギーがA相コイルを通り、定電流電源10内の回生スイッチKS、ダイオードD4を通って、バッテリー10Bに充電される。他の相の励磁時についても同様である。このような動作が得られるのは、SRモータ装置100が、転流回路10による回生動作時には発電機として動作し、残留磁気エネルギーを増幅していることに起因する。
(Operation during motor regeneration)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the operation and current flow of the SR motor device 100 during motor regeneration will be described. During regeneration (power generation), the rotor 33 rotates with an external force. The convex poles (1, 2, 3, 4) of the rotor 33 are rotated in the rotational direction by energizing excitation by constant current control to the coil 32 of the magnetic poles (1A-4A, 1B-4B, 1C-4C) of the stator 31. Pulled in reverse. Typically, during the A-phase excitation, as shown in FIG. 6A as “excitation start”, the rotation direction tip of the convex poles (1, 2, 3, 4) of the rotor 33 is aligned with the magnetic poles of the stator 31 ( When the switch SA is turned on at the position close to the downstream end point of 1A-4A) (excitation start position), the residual magnetic energy of the C-phase coil flows to the diode D3 and further flows to the A-phase coil. Excitation during regeneration (power generation) is performed by shifting the electrical angle during driving by 120 degrees. In the constant current control, since the direction of current flow is constant, during the A phase excitation, the accumulated magnetic energy amplified by the speed electromotive force together with the supply excitation current passes through the A phase coil, and the regenerative switch KS in the constant current power source 10 The battery 10B is charged through the diode D4. The same applies to the excitation of other phases. Such an operation is obtained because the SR motor device 100 operates as a generator during the regenerative operation by the commutation circuit 10 and amplifies the residual magnetic energy.

(転流回路の動作)
モータ30が駆動している状態では、モータ30には正の起電力Eaが発生しており、Ea×Iの電力(ワット)と、A相又はB相又はC相の励磁コイル(抵抗R)を通る電流IによってI×Rの電力(ワット)が定電流電源10から供給される。この場合、Ea×Iの電力(ワット)が機械的な出力となり、IRの電力(ワット)が損失分となる。モータ30の回生制動時には、モータ30において負の起電力Eaが発生し、機械的動力が、Ea×Iの電力(ワット)及びIRの電力に変換され、IRの電力(ワット)が損失分となる。Ea×Iの電力(ワット)が定電流電源10に回収される(回生)。モータ30が駆動停止状態で、慣性運転状態にあるときには、起電力Eaの発生はなく、A相又はB相又はC相の励磁コイルでの損失分であるIRの電力(ワット)、すなわち、コイルの内部損失分の電流が、電流センサ7で検出したコイル電流に応じて転流回路20の制御によって定電流電源10から供給される。
(Operation of commutation circuit)
In a state where the motor 30 is driven, a positive electromotive force Ea is generated in the motor 30, and Ea + × I power (watts) and an A-phase, B-phase, or C-phase exciting coil (resistance R power I 2 × R by the current I through) (watts) is supplied from the constant current source 10. In this case, Ea + × I power (watts) is a mechanical output, and I 2 R power (watts) is a loss. During regenerative braking of the motor 30, the negative electromotive force Ea is generated in the motor 30, mechanical power is, Ea - is converted into electric power × I power (watts) and I 2 R, I 2 R power (watts ) Is the loss. Ea × I power (watts) is recovered by the constant current power supply 10 (regeneration). When the motor 30 is in a driving stop state and in an inertial operation state, no electromotive force Ea is generated, and I 2 R power (watts), which is a loss in the A-phase, B-phase, or C-phase exciting coil, that is, The current corresponding to the internal loss of the coil is supplied from the constant current power supply 10 under the control of the commutation circuit 20 in accordance with the coil current detected by the current sensor 7.

このように、本実施形態のSRモータ装置100においては、駆動と回生制動時とで、速度起電力Eaが正負に入れ替わるので、転流回路20は、転流制御回路61の制御によってコイルに流れる直流定電流方形波を120度(電気角)位相シフトさせるだけで、電力の供給及び回生が自動的に行われる。   Thus, in the SR motor device 100 of the present embodiment, the speed electromotive force Ea is switched between positive and negative during driving and regenerative braking, so the commutation circuit 20 flows through the coil under the control of the commutation control circuit 61. Just by shifting the phase of the DC constant current square wave by 120 degrees (electrical angle), power is automatically supplied and regenerated.

表1に、定電流制御による駆動時における、各相のスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉モード及び回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3の状態を示す。駆動時、回生スイッチKSはオフとする。スイッチSA,SB,SCは、電気角120度幅の直流定電流方形波を生成する。
Table 1 shows the open / close modes of the switches SA, SB, SC of each phase and the states of the recovery diodes D1, D2, D3 during driving by constant current control. At the time of driving, the regeneration switch KS is turned off. The switches SA, SB, and SC generate a DC constant current square wave having an electrical angle width of 120 degrees.

表2に、定電流制御による回生・発電時における、各相のスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉モード及び回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3の状態を示す。回生・発電時、回生スイッチKSはオンとする。速度起電力による蓄積電磁エネルギーにより充電する。駆動時と回生・発電時とでは、励磁タイミングを120度シフトさせる。
Table 2 shows the switching modes of the switches SA, SB, SC of each phase and the states of the recovery diodes D1, D2, D3 at the time of regeneration and power generation by constant current control. During regeneration / power generation, the regeneration switch KS is turned on. It is charged by the accumulated electromagnetic energy by the speed electromotive force. The excitation timing is shifted by 120 degrees between driving and regeneration / power generation.

表3に、定電流制御による転流時における、各相のスイッチSA,SB,SCの開閉モード及び回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3の状態を示す。転流時(駆動・回生とも)、残留磁気エネルギーは次相に重畳して回収再利用する。
Table 3 shows the switching modes of the switches SA, SB, SC of each phase and the states of the recovery diodes D1, D2, D3 during commutation by constant current control. At the time of commutation (both driving and regeneration), the residual magnetic energy is superimposed on the next phase and recovered and reused.

(ローサイド切り式の増幅作用)
上述した本実施形態によるSRモータ装置100は、定電流制御でのローサイド切り式であるので、コイル電流を制御するスイッチがコイルの正極側及び負極側に設けられた両切り式に較べて、コイルのインダクタンスによる電流が流せない現象を回避できる。そのため、転流時のコイルの残留磁気エネルギーを次の相の励磁コイルに回収再利用でき、増幅作用により大きな駆動電流が得られ、電源からの供給電流は少なくて済み、電力の回路損失を少なくして効率改善が図れる。ちなみに、両切り式の構成では、コイルのインダクタンスによる立ち上がりに時間がかかり、電流を流せない現象が生じる。
(Low-side amplification method)
Since the SR motor device 100 according to the present embodiment described above is a low-side cut-off type with constant current control, the switch for controlling the coil current is compared with a double-cut type in which a switch for controlling the coil current is provided on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the coil. The phenomenon that current due to inductance cannot flow can be avoided. Therefore, the residual magnetic energy of the coil at the time of commutation can be recovered and reused for the excitation coil of the next phase, a large drive current can be obtained by the amplification action, the supply current from the power source can be reduced, and the power circuit loss can be reduced. As a result, efficiency can be improved. By the way, in the double-cut type configuration, it takes time to rise due to the inductance of the coil, and a phenomenon in which no current can flow occurs.

また、ローサイド切り式では、転流を繰り返すと、励磁電流は上昇して電流ゼロの状態をなくし、かつ大きい電流レベルに保つことができる。このため、トルクリップルは低減する。電流レベルはスイッチ制御により任意に制御することができる。   Further, in the low-side cut type, when commutation is repeated, the exciting current rises to eliminate the current zero state and can be maintained at a large current level. For this reason, torque ripple is reduced. The current level can be arbitrarily controlled by switch control.

また、ローサイド切り式での実測によれば、入力電流が0.5Aのとき、モータコイルへの励磁電流が5Aとなり、出力電流は入力電流の約10倍となった。このように、供給電流以上の駆動電流が得られる理由は、次の通りである。
(1)定電流であること。なお、定電圧では転流毎に電圧が上昇していくので、スイッチ素子の耐圧が問題になる。
(2)定電圧方式のハーフブリッジは、1相毎に(直列関係の)スイッチが2つあるのに対して、本発明の定電流方式のローサイド切り式では、1相毎にスイッチが1つであるので、大きい電流レベルに保つことができる。
(3)モータ駆動時に定電流が固定子コイルに流れると、固定子に回転子が吸引され、回転子が固定子を通過する度に、順次、他の相に励磁電流が切り換る。転流毎に、定電流方形波がコイルに印加され、出力電流が上昇してゆき、大きい電流レベルに保たれる。このことが、急駿なパルス電流を強制的にコイルに流すことなく、転流動作させることで自動的に達成できる。
Further, according to the measurement by the low-side cutting method, when the input current is 0.5 A, the excitation current to the motor coil is 5 A, and the output current is about 10 times the input current. The reason why a drive current higher than the supply current is obtained in this way is as follows.
(1) A constant current. In addition, since a voltage rises for every commutation at a constant voltage, the breakdown voltage of the switch element becomes a problem.
(2) The constant-voltage half-bridge has two switches (in series) for each phase, whereas the constant-current low-side switch of the present invention has one switch for each phase. Therefore, a large current level can be maintained.
(3) When a constant current flows through the stator coil when the motor is driven, the rotor is attracted to the stator, and the excitation current is sequentially switched to another phase each time the rotor passes through the stator. At each commutation, a constant current square wave is applied to the coil and the output current rises and is kept at a large current level. This can be achieved automatically by a commutation operation without forcing a steep pulse current through the coil.

図7は、ローサイド切り式のモータ装置の具体回路例を示す。この例は、電流センサ7が1つの場合である。このモータ装置は、モータの各相のコイルLA,LB,LCと、各コイルの負極側に接続された転流回路20を成すスイッチSA,SB,SCと、回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3と、定電流電源10と、定電流制御回路61と、を備える。定電流電源10は、+端子、−端子で示し、詳細は省いているが、回生時に、+端子、−端子に接続されたバッテリー10Bを充電する方向に電流を流すための充電用ダイオードを内蔵する。定電流制御回路61は、スイッチSA,SB,SCを転流制御するためのCPUを含み、PWM回路と、励磁相を選択するセレクタとを備える。定電流制御回路61には、回転子の角度位置検出器309からの信号と、アクセル/ブレーキの指令信号が入力される。電流センサ7は、各コイルLA,LB,LCに直列に挿入されてもよい。なお、バッテリー10Bへの過充電を防ぐための回路を設けて、バッテリーが過充電時は充電方向の電流を遮断することが望ましい。   FIG. 7 shows a specific circuit example of a low-side cut motor device. This example is a case where there is one current sensor 7. This motor device includes coils LA, LB, and LC for each phase of the motor, switches SA, SB, and SC that form a commutation circuit 20 connected to the negative side of each coil, and recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3, A constant current power supply 10 and a constant current control circuit 61 are provided. The constant current power supply 10 is shown with a + terminal and a − terminal, and details are omitted, but a charging diode for flowing a current in the direction of charging the battery 10B connected to the + terminal and the − terminal at the time of regeneration is built in. To do. The constant current control circuit 61 includes a CPU for controlling commutation of the switches SA, SB, and SC, and includes a PWM circuit and a selector that selects an excitation phase. The constant current control circuit 61 receives a signal from the angular position detector 309 of the rotor and an accelerator / brake command signal. The current sensor 7 may be inserted in series with each of the coils LA, LB, and LC. In addition, it is desirable to provide a circuit for preventing overcharging of the battery 10B and to cut off the current in the charging direction when the battery is overcharged.

上記構成において、定電流制御回路61は、電流センサ7により検出されたコイル電流(残留磁気エネルギー)に応じて転流回路20のスイッチSA,SB,SCをPWM制御して、定電流電源10からの電流値を定電流制御する。PWM制御の周波数を制御することで、モータの回転数すなわち速度を制御できる。また、角度位置検出器309により検知された回転子の位置に応じて駆動時及び回生時の転流タイミング信号が出力される。かくして、転流時の励磁コイルの残留磁気エネルギーは、回収ダイオードD1,D2,D3を通して次の励磁相のコイルに重畳して流すことで回収再利用される。これにより、コイルには電源からの供給電流以上の駆動電流が得られて、ロスが減り、大きな出力が得られる。また、残留磁気エネルギーが有効に利用されるので、モータの発熱が低減される。また、ローサイド切り式によれば、コイルのインダクタンスによる電流が流せない現象を回避できる。   In the above configuration, the constant current control circuit 61 performs PWM control on the switches SA, SB, and SC of the commutation circuit 20 in accordance with the coil current (residual magnetic energy) detected by the current sensor 7, and from the constant current power supply 10. The current value is controlled at a constant current. By controlling the frequency of the PWM control, the rotation speed, that is, the speed of the motor can be controlled. Further, commutation timing signals at the time of driving and regeneration are output according to the position of the rotor detected by the angular position detector 309. Thus, the residual magnetic energy of the exciting coil at the time of commutation is recovered and reused by being superimposed on the coil of the next exciting phase through the recovery diodes D1, D2, and D3. As a result, a drive current greater than the supply current from the power source is obtained in the coil, loss is reduced, and a large output is obtained. Further, since the residual magnetic energy is effectively used, the heat generation of the motor is reduced. Further, according to the low-side cutting method, it is possible to avoid a phenomenon in which a current due to the coil inductance cannot flow.

本発明は、上記実施形態の構成に限られることなく、種々変形することが可能である。例えば、バッテリー10Bに代えてキャパシタを用いてもよいし、両者を並列関係に設けたものであってもよい。また、上記では、充電用ダイオードD4と直列に、回生時に閉制御される回生スイッチKSを備えた例を示したが、定電流電源10の構成によっては回生スイッチKSを省くこともできる。   The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, a capacitor may be used instead of the battery 10B, or both may be provided in parallel. In the above description, the example in which the regenerative switch KS that is controlled to be closed at the time of regeneration is provided in series with the charging diode D4 is shown. However, depending on the configuration of the constant current power supply 10, the regenerative switch KS can be omitted.

100 SRモータ装置
1,2,3,4 回転子の凸極
1A−4A 固定子のA相磁極
1B−4B 固定子のB相磁極
1C−4C 固定子のC相磁極
7 電流センサ
10 定電流電源
10B バッテリー
20 転流回路
30 モータ
31 固定子
32 コイル(A相、B相、C相)
33 回転子
61 転流制御回路
SA,SB,SC スイッチ
KS 回生スイッチ
D1〜D3 回収ダイオード
D4 充電用ダイオード
100 SR motor device 1, 2, 3, 4 Convex pole of rotor 1A-4A A-phase magnetic pole of stator 1B-4B B-phase magnetic pole of stator 1C-4C C-phase magnetic pole of stator 7 Current sensor 10 Constant current power supply 10B battery 20 commutation circuit 30 motor 31 stator 32 coil (A phase, B phase, C phase)
33 Rotor 61 Commutation control circuit SA, SB, SC switch KS Regenerative switch D1-D3 Recovery diode D4 Charging diode

Claims (4)

磁性体から成る回転子、及び前記回転子に周方向に対向して設けられた励磁用の各相のコイルが巻かれた固定子を有したモータと、
バッテリー又はキャパシタから前記モータに定電流を供給する定電流電源と、
各種検出信号や指令信号に基づいて所定のタイミングで前記定電流電源から供給される電流を前記各相のコイルに順次に供給、遮断して転流動作させることによりモータ駆動及び回生させる転流回路と、を備え、
前記転流回路は、前記各相のコイルに電流を供給、遮断するスイッチと、前記各相のコイルの負極側と前記スイッチとの接続点から前記定電流電源の正極端子側に向けて接続された回収ダイオードと、を備え、
前記各相のコイルは、前記定電流電源の正極側端子と負極側端子との間に前記転流回路のスイッチを介して接続され、前記スイッチは前記コイルの負極側にのみ備えられ、
前記転流回路は、モータ駆動時及び回生時に、前記コイルの残留磁気エネルギーを、前記回収ダイオードを通して次に励磁されるコイルに重畳して回収再利用し、かつ、回生時には前記コイルへの供給電流及び速度起電力により増幅された蓄積磁気エネルギーをバッテリー又はキャパシタに充電するように転流動作させる、ことを特徴とする定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置。
A motor having a rotor made of a magnetic material, and a stator around which coils for excitation provided around the rotor in the circumferential direction are wound;
A constant current power source for supplying a constant current from a battery or a capacitor to the motor;
A commutation circuit that drives and regenerates a motor by sequentially supplying and shutting off the current supplied from the constant current power source to the coils of each phase at a predetermined timing based on various detection signals and command signals, and performing a commutation operation. And comprising
The commutation circuit is connected from a connection point between a switch for supplying and interrupting current to the coils of each phase and a negative electrode side of the coils of each phase and the switch toward a positive electrode terminal side of the constant current power source. A recovery diode, and
The coils of each phase are connected via a switch of the commutation circuit between a positive electrode side terminal and a negative electrode side terminal of the constant current power source, the switch is provided only on the negative electrode side of the coil,
The commutation circuit collects and recycles the residual magnetic energy of the coil when the motor is driven and regeneratively by superimposing it on the next excited coil through the recovery diode, and at the time of regeneration, supplies current to the coil. And a switched reluctance motor device by constant current control, wherein the stored magnetic energy amplified by the speed electromotive force is commutated so as to charge the battery or the capacitor.
前記定電流電源は、回生時に前記コイルへの供給電流及び残留磁気エネルギーによる電流をバッテリー又はキャパシタに充電する方向に流す充電用ダイオードを備える、請求項1に記載の定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置。   2. The switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the constant current power source includes a charging diode that supplies a current supplied to the coil and a current due to residual magnetic energy in a direction of charging the battery or the capacitor during regeneration. apparatus. 前記コイルに流れる電流を検出する電流センサをさらに備え、
前記転流回路は、少なくともモータ駆動停止時に、前記電流センサにより検出したコイル電流に応じて前記定電流電源より前記コイルの内部損失分の電流を流すことにより慣性運転する、請求項2に記載の定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置。
A current sensor for detecting a current flowing through the coil;
3. The inertial operation according to claim 2, wherein the commutation circuit performs an inertia operation by flowing a current corresponding to an internal loss of the coil from the constant current power source according to a coil current detected by the current sensor at least when the motor driving is stopped. Switched reluctance motor device with constant current control.
前記モータは、第1相、第2相、及び第3相から成る3相構成であり、
前記転流回路は、前記回転子の電気角120度幅で前記各相のコイルに順次供給されるように前記スイッチを制御し、駆動時と回生時とで直流定電流方形波の電気角を120度シフトさせ、さらに、駆動時と回生時のいずれにおいても前記スイッチの開閉動作を第1相、第2相、第3相の順とする、請求項3に記載の定電流制御によるスイッチドリラクタンスモータ装置。
The motor has a three-phase configuration including a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase,
The commutation circuit controls the switch so as to be sequentially supplied to the coils of each phase with an electrical angle width of 120 degrees of the rotor, and sets the electrical angle of a DC constant current square wave during driving and during regeneration. 4. The switched operation by constant current control according to claim 3, wherein the switch opening and closing operations are shifted in the order of the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase in both of driving and regeneration. Reluctance motor device.
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