JP6057055B2 - Optometry equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus that displays a test target for a visual function test and performs a visual function test.

  A target plate, a light source such as a halogen lamp that illuminates the target plate, an oblique beam splitter and a concave mirror are arranged in the housing, and the target luminous flux of the target plate illuminated by the light source is converted into a beam splitter and a concave mirror. A visual target presenting device that guides an eye to a subject's eye (subject's eye) through the eye and presents an inspection target is known (see Patent Document 1).

  Further, a distance optical path for guiding the target luminous flux from the target plate to the eye to be examined through the concave mirror and the beam splitter, and a near optical path for guiding the target luminous flux to the eye to be examined without going through the concave mirror There is known an optometry apparatus capable of switching between (see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-197867 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-299032

  However, in such an apparatus, when a display that displays a target instead of the target plate is used, the amount of light of the target presented via the beam splitter is insufficient because the amount of light of the display is low. , Accurate inspection is not possible. Conventionally, a large-sized beam splitter has been obliquely installed, so that there is a limit to space saving of the housing.

  Also, in a device that can switch between the optical path for the distance and the optical path for the near distance, when the eye to be examined is positioned in the same way in the distance examination and the near vision examination, the optical path is switched and the target is observed, Distortion occurs in the guided target. This may reduce the accuracy of the visual function test.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides an optometry apparatus capable of presenting a target for accurate examination while saving space with a configuration using a display for displaying a target.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) An optometry apparatus according to the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a concave mirror and a display for displaying a target, and reflects the target luminous flux emitted from the display by the concave mirror to obtain an optical An optotype presenting unit that presents an optotype at a predetermined distance inspection distance, and presents the optotype to the subject's eye in the distance inspection optical path using the target presentation unit, In the optometry apparatus for examining the distance vision function, the distance examination optical path and the near examination optical path for guiding the target luminous flux from the display to the eye to be examined without passing through the reflection of the concave mirror, An optical path switching means for switching, and an angle changing means for changing an inclination angle of the screen of the display between the distance inspection and the near inspection, and the angle changing means is used for the distance inspection by the optical path switching means. The optical path and the near-inspection optical path An inclination restriction unit is provided that restricts an inclination angle of the screen of the display to a predetermined angle with respect to a reference axis in a front direction when the subject looks at the front when switching .
(2) An optometry apparatus according to the second aspect of the present disclosure includes a concave mirror and a display for displaying a target, and reflects the target luminous flux emitted from the display by the concave mirror to obtain an optical An optotype presenting unit that presents an optotype at a predetermined distance inspection distance, and presents the optotype to the subject's eye in the distance inspection optical path using the target presentation unit, In the optometry apparatus for examining the distance vision function, the distance examination optical path and the near examination optical path for guiding the target luminous flux from the display to the eye to be examined without passing through the reflection of the concave mirror, When the eye to be examined looks at the screen of the display when the optical path switching means switches and the optical path switching means switches between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path, the screen of the display is substantially The screen is positioned vertically And an angle changing means for changing the tilt angle of the display screen between the distance test and the near vision test, and the tilt angle of the display screen is changed when the tilt angle of the display screen is changed. And a tilt control unit that limits the tilt angle for inspection and the tilt angle for near-field inspection to be maintained .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to present an optotype for an accurate examination with a configuration using a display that displays the optotype. Further, the distance optical path and the near optical path can be easily switched, and a target with reduced distortion can be projected onto the eye to be examined.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1-11 is a figure explaining the structure of the optometry apparatus based on this embodiment.

<Overview>
An outline of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The optometry apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes an optotype presenting unit 3 and a subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 8 (hereinafter abbreviated as a measurement unit 8). The optometry apparatus 1 uses the optotype presenting unit 3 to present the optotype to the eye to be inspected through the distance inspection optical path, and inspects the far vision function of the eye to be inspected. The measurement unit 8 has a pair of left and right lens chamber units 80 that switch and arrange optical elements (for example, correction lenses) in the inspection window 81. For example, the optometry apparatus 1 presents an examination target on the eye to be examined looking through the examination window 81 of the measurement unit 8 and examines the distance vision function of the eye to be examined.

  Further, the optometry apparatus 1 includes an optometry table (optometry table unit) 2 and a holding means (holding unit) 10. The holding unit 10 holds the optotype presenting unit 3 and holds the measurement unit 8 so that the inspection window 81 is positioned at the same height as the reference axis L1. For example, the holding unit 10 holds the optotype presenting unit 3 on the optometry table unit 2.

  Note that the optotype presenting unit 3 is not limited to the configuration held by the optometry table unit 2 by the holding unit 10. For example, a configuration in which the holding unit 10 has a wall-hanging type configuration and the optotype presenting unit 3 is installed on a wall can be mentioned.

  The target presentation unit 3 includes a concave mirror 50 and a display 45 that displays the target. The target presentation unit 3 reflects the target luminous flux emitted from the display 45 by the concave mirror 50 and optically presents the target at a predetermined distance inspection distance. For example, the optotype presenting unit 3 is arranged such that the normal direction to the screen of the display 45 is inclined with respect to the optical axis O1 of the concave mirror 50, and the target luminous flux is shifted with respect to the optical axis O1 of the concave mirror 50. Make it incident.

  For example, as the display 45, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (Electro Luminescence), or the like is used.

  For example, the concave mirror 50 is disposed on the reference axis L1 in the front direction when the eye to be examined looks at the front. For example, the concave mirror 50 is housed in the housing 5.

  For example, the housing 5 has a presentation window (for example, a transparent panel 52) disposed on the front surface of the concave mirror 50 with the reference axis L1, and is disposed in the front direction of the measurement unit 8. The transparent panel 52 transmits the target luminous flux from the display 45, transmits the target luminous flux reflected by the concave mirror 50 again, and emits it outside the housing 5.

  With such a configuration, the visual target presenting unit 3 is configured to present the visual target without using a beam splitter that has a large light amount loss of the visual target light beam, so that the visual acuity can be obtained without using a display that emits a large amount of light. Inspection with sufficient brightness required for inspection can be performed accurately. Further, since the housing 5 does not have a beam splitter, the casing 5 can be thinned, and a more space-saving optometry apparatus can be realized.

  Hereinafter, each configuration will be specifically described. In the following description, the display 45, the transparent panel 52, the optical path switching unit 60, and the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit will be described in this order. The following configurations can be combined as appropriate and may be implemented as independent configurations.

<Display>
The display 45 is disposed outside the reference axis L1 outside the housing. Further, the display 45 is disposed outside a range of a predetermined viewing angle when the eye to be examined looks into the examination window 81 of the measurement unit 8.

  For example, the display 45 is disposed outside the housing 5, and is disposed at a position where the target luminous flux is directed from the display 45 to the concave mirror 50 via the transparent panel 52 from the outside of the housing 5. Furthermore, for example, the display 45 is arranged around the measurement unit 8 and emits a target luminous flux toward the concave mirror 50 from the eye to be examined. Further, for example, the display 45 is disposed around the forehead pad 82 of the measurement unit 8. Furthermore, for example, the display 45 is disposed above the forehead pad 82 of the measurement unit 8.

  Such an arrangement of the display 45 can ensure a wide field of view for the subject. When the subject observes the distance target within the housing 5 through the transparent panel 52, the subject does not see the display 45 that is an extra structure on the subject side from the protective panel 51. Thus, the subject does not gaze at the display 45, and the intervention of adjusting the eye to be examined by looking at a structure other than the visual target at the distance examination can be reduced. And a visual function test | inspection can be performed accurately.

  The display 45 may not be disposed outside the range of a predetermined viewing angle when looking through the inspection window 81 of the measurement unit 8. For example, the display 45 is disposed outside the housing 5 and directs the target luminous flux from the display 45 to the concave mirror 50 via the transparent panel 52 from the outside of the housing 5, near the subject's forehead. Any arrangement may be used. As described above, when the display 45 is arranged near the subject's forehead, when the target luminous flux is emitted toward the concave mirror 50, the incident angle to the concave mirror 50 and the reflected light from the concave mirror 50 are reflected. The reflection angle is small. For this reason, distortion of the visual target can be reduced.

<Transparent panel>
The transparent panel 52 provided in the housing 5 is disposed at an angle where the normal direction of the front surface of the transparent panel 52 is inclined with respect to the reference axis L1. The inclination angle of the transparent panel 52 is set so that the reflected light emitted from the display 45 and reflected by the front surface of the transparent panel 52 is directed away from the eye to be examined at a predetermined position.

  As a result, it is possible to alleviate the problem that hinders the subject's observation of the visual target due to the strong light of the display 45 reflected by the transparent panel 52 entering the eye. Further, the background light behind the subject and the disturbing light above the optometry apparatus 1 are reflected by the transparent panel 52 and enter the subject's eye, thereby hindering the subject's target observation. Can be reduced.

  For example, the casing 5 further includes a shielding member (shielding portion 53) disposed around the transparent panel 52 on the front side of the concave mirror 50, and the transparent panel 52 surrounded by the shielding portion 53 includes the eye to be examined. You may make it comprise the presentation window for observing a visual target inside the body 5. FIG. By providing the shielding part 53, the internal structure of the housing 5 becomes difficult to see. Of course, the presentation window may be configured by only the transparent panel 52 and not provided with the shielding portion 53.

  Further, for example, an upper shielding member (shielding cover 6) that covers the upper part of the optical path from the transparent panel 52 to the display 45 may be provided. For example, it is good also as a structure provided with the side shielding member (shielding cover 6) which covers the side of the optical path between the transparent panel 52 and the display 45. FIG. By providing such a configuration of the shielding member, there is an effect of suppressing disturbance light from a fluorescent lamp or the like from entering the optical member in the apparatus.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the shielding cover 6 is the structure which combines an upper shielding member and a side shielding member, you may be comprised by a separate member, respectively. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides only one of an upper shielding member and a side shielding member of a present Example.

<Optical path switching means>
The optometry apparatus 1 includes an optical path switching unit that switches between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path that guides the target luminous flux from the display 45 to the eye without passing through the reflection of the concave mirror 50. And an angle changing means for changing the tilt angle of the screen of the display 45 between the distance inspection and the near inspection.

  The angle changing means is substantially perpendicular to the reference axis L1 when the subject's eye sees the screen of the display 45 when the optical path switching means switches between the distance inspection optical path and the near inspection optical path. The tilt angle of the screen of the display 45 is changed so that it can be observed as a screen located at the position.

  For example, the optical path switching means has a reflection member (reflection mirror) 62 that can be inserted and removed between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50, and by inserting and removing the reflection member 62 between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50. A configuration of the optical path switching unit 60 for switching between the far-inspection inspection optical path and the near-inspection inspection optical path is given. For example, examples of the reflecting member 62 include a plane mirror, a convex mirror, and a concave mirror. In this case, for example, when the angle changing means switches to the near-inspection optical path, the normal direction with respect to the screen of the display 45 substantially coincides with the direction of the axis of the reference axis L1 reflected by the reflecting member 62. As described above, the tilt angle of the screen of the display 45 is changed. Further, when switching to the far-inspection optical path, the display screen is tilted so that the normal direction to the screen of the display 45 and the direction of the axis of the reference axis L1 reflected by the concave mirror 50 substantially coincide. Change the angle.

  As described above, the optical path switching means inserts and removes the reflecting member that reflects the target luminous flux from the display and guides it to the eye to be inspected, or removes the display from the optical path between the eye to be inspected and the concave mirror. The optical path is switched by a configuration including moving means that moves to the optical path between the optometer and the concave mirror. This makes it easy to switch between the distance inspection optical path and the near inspection optical path. In addition, since the tilt angle of the display 45 is changed as the optical path is switched, even when the optical path is switched, a target with reduced distortion can be projected onto the eye to be examined. This makes it possible to present a target for accurate examination with a configuration using a display that displays the target.

  Further, as a modification example, for example, a configuration in which the optical path switching unit 60 includes a reflection member inclination angle changing unit for changing the inclination angle of the reflection member. In this case, the optical path switching means 60 moves the reflecting member 62 on the reference axis L1 in a state where the reflecting member 62 is inserted between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50, and the reflecting member inclination angle changing means The angle of inclination of the reflecting member 62 is changed to change the near inspection distance of the near inspection optical path. The angle changing means changes the tilt angle of the screen of the display 45 so that the normal direction with respect to the screen of the display 45 and the direction of the axis of the reference axis L1 reflected by the reflecting member 62 substantially coincide. . Thereby, not only the distance inspection and the near inspection, but also the intermediate distance inspection is possible.

  Further, for example, as a modification example of the optometry apparatus 1, the optical path changing mirror (reflection mirror) 123 disposed near the forehead of the eye to be examined is provided, and the far-inspection optical path is disposed on the concave mirror 50 side. A configuration is possible in which the target luminous flux from the display 120 is reflected by the optical path changing mirror 123 and directed toward the concave mirror 50. In this case, the optical path switching means may be configured to switch between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path by inserting and removing the display 120 in and out of the optical path between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50. In this case, the angle changing unit changes the tilt angle of the display 120 so that the screen of the display 120 is substantially perpendicular to the reference axis L1.

<Conscious eye refractive power measurement unit>
The measurement unit 8 is moved between an inspection position in front of the eye to be examined and a retracted position depending on whether or not it is used for visual function inspection.

  For example, the holding unit 10 is provided with support means (for example, a support arm 20). The support means supports the measurement unit 8 so as to be movable between an examination position in front of the eye to be examined and a retracted position.

  For example, the holding unit 10 includes a first holding member (a column) 10a and a second holding member (an upper column) 10b extending from the column 10a. The column 10a holds the housing 5 at a position that is a predetermined distance away from the measurement unit 8 placed at the inspection position. The upper support column 10 b extends from the support column 10 a and extends from above the housing 5 to the subject side in order to hold the display 45. The support means is connected to the upper column 10b.

  For example, the support means for supporting the measurement unit 8 so as to be movable between the inspection position and the retracted position includes a support arm 20 and a support member (for example, a support column).

  For example, when the support arm 20 is used as the support means, the support arm 20 is connected to the upper support column 10b and can be turned around the connection position O. The support arm 20 supports the measurement unit 8 movably between the inspection position and the retracted position by rotating the support arm 20. This leads to downsizing of the apparatus and further space saving.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the connection position O is better connected at a position shifted from the center axis C of the optometry apparatus 1 in the vertical direction with respect to the paper surface. Thus, by connecting the connection position O at a position shifted from the central axis C of the optometer 1, the measurement unit 8 can be moved within a smaller movable range. Thereby, when moving the measurement unit 8, since a movable range is small, possibility that it will contact an examiner decreases.

  When a support member is used, the support member is a support member provided with vertical movement means (for example, a well-known telescopic pipe mechanism), and is attached to the upper column 10b. With the configuration in which the measurement unit 8 is moved to the retracted position above the inspection position, the measurement unit 8 can be moved between the inspection position and the retracted position. As a result, when the measurement unit 8 is moved, the measurement unit 8 does not cross the examiner's face, so that the possibility of contact with the examiner can be reduced.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the support means connected with the measurement unit 8 was provided in the optotype presenting unit 3 via the holding unit 10, it is not limited to this. For example, the support unit may be connected to the visual target presenting unit 3 without using the holding unit 10.

<Example>
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view of an optometry apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a front view of the optometry apparatus 1 observed from the X direction in FIG. Note that the front view of the optometry apparatus in FIG. 2 shows the optometry apparatus 1 when the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 8 is disposed at the retracted position (details will be described later). FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the apparatus when the optometry apparatus 1 is cut along the plane AA of FIG. In FIG. 3, the measurement unit 8 is omitted.

  The optometry apparatus 1 includes an optometry table unit 2, an optotype presenting unit 3, and a subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 8 (hereinafter abbreviated as a measurement unit 8). The optometry table unit 2 includes a table 2a, a vertical drive unit 2b for moving the table 2a up and down, and a height adjustment switch 2c for inputting an instruction signal for moving the table 2a up and down. The vertical drive unit 2b includes a drive source such as a motor, and the drive source is driven by an instruction signal input from the switch 2c.

  The target presentation unit 3 includes a target display unit 4 having a display 45 for displaying a target, a housing 5 in which a concave mirror 50 is housed, an appearance cover (shielding cover) 6, and an optical path switching unit 60 described later. . The optotype presenting unit 3 is held by a holding unit 10 having a support column erected on the table 2a. As an example of a preferable holding unit 10, the housing 5 is attached to and held by a first holding member (post) 10 a erected on the end of the table 2 a. The holding unit 10 extends from the support column 10a, and has a second holding member (upper support column) 10b extending from above the housing 5 to the subject side (front side of the housing 5) in order to hold the display 45. The visual target display unit 4 is attached to the front portion of the upper column 10b.

  The measurement unit 8 is held by a holding unit 10 so as to be movable between a measurement position and a retracted position. As a preferred example, the measurement unit 8 is supported by the upper column 10b via a support member (for example, a support arm) 20 so as to be movable between a measurement position and a retracted position. The optotype presenting unit 3, the optometry table unit 2, and the measurement unit 8 constitute an integrated optometry apparatus 1. However, the optometry apparatus 1 may be configured not to include the measurement unit 8.

  The measurement unit 8 includes a pair of left and right lens chamber units 80 in which various optical elements (such as a spherical lens, a cylindrical lens, and an auxiliary lens) that impart refractive power to the eye to be examined are switched to the left and right examination windows 81. The measurement unit 8 also includes a forehead pad 82 for bringing the eye to be examined into a predetermined positional relationship with respect to the examination window 81. As shown in FIG. 1, when the measurement unit 8 is positioned at the measurement position, the inspection window 81 is set to be positioned at a height of a predetermined reference axis L1 where the target is presented by the concave mirror 50. .

  The target presentation unit 3 reflects the target luminous flux from the display 45 disposed outside the housing 5 by the concave mirror 50 and directs it toward the eye to be examined. The target is presented at the inspection distance. Further, the optotype presenting unit 3 inserts the reflecting mirror 62 between the concave mirror 50 and the eye to be examined, so that the target luminous flux from the display 45 is reflected by the reflecting member 62 and directed toward the eye to be examined. It is switched to a near vision target presenting unit that presents a visual target at a predetermined near vision inspection distance (for example, 40 cm). The optotype presenting unit 3 is configured to present the optotype without using a beam splitter with a large light loss of the target luminous flux. Therefore, the target presenting unit 3 is required for visual acuity inspection or the like without using a display that emits a large amount of light. Inspection with sufficient brightness can be performed accurately. Further, since the housing 5 does not have a beam splitter, the casing 5 can be thinned, and a more space-saving optometry apparatus can be realized.

<Target display section>
In FIG. 3, the optotype display unit 4 includes a support unit 41 and a display 45 that displays the optotype. The display 45 is supported by the support portion 41. The support portion 41 is held by the base 65 via a shaft (rotating shaft) 42 described later. The base 65 is supported by the holding unit 10. Thereby, the target display unit 4 is supported by the holding unit 10. An inspection target such as a Landolt ring target is displayed on the display 45. For example, as the display 45, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (Electro Luminescence), or the like is used. In the present embodiment, the following description will be given by taking the case where an LCD is used as the display 45 as an example.

  FIG. 4 shows a front view of the visual target display unit 4. The display 45 is supported by the support part 41, and a substrate of the display 45 not shown is disposed on the support part 41. A mask plate (cover) 49 for covering a member such as a substrate is provided on the surface of the support portion 41. The mask plate 49 is disposed around the screen of the display 45 and has a function of preventing an extra object around the display 45 from being seen by the eye to be examined. The mask plate 49 is formed of, for example, an iron plate coated with black acrylic resin or black paint. Thereby, in addition to the screen of the target presented to the eye to be examined, the reflection of the board and the like around the display 45 is prevented. Moreover, by using the black mask plate 49, the background of the projected target can be made black, and the target can be easily confirmed. Of course, the mask plate 49 may not be black.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement position of the display 45. The display 45 is arranged so as to be outside the range of the predetermined viewing angle α1 from the examination window 81 when the subject looks through the optometry window 81 of the measurement unit 8 and observes the visual target. That is, the viewing angle α1 is a viewing angle centered on the reference axis L1 when the subject's eye sees the front through the examination window 81 of the measurement unit 8, and is provided on the far side of the subject's eye in the measurement unit 8. This is determined by design according to the size of the opening of the inspection window 81. The viewing angle α1 of the measurement unit 8 is set to 40 degrees around the reference axis L1, for example. The vertical position of the reference axis L1 is substantially the same position as the measurement optical axis of the optometry window 81 of the measurement unit 8 (the optical axis of the spherical lens arranged in the optometry window 81). Further, the left and right positions of the reference axis L1 are substantially the same positions as the left and right center positions of the left and right optometry windows 81. A concave mirror 50 is disposed on the reference axis L1 in the front direction of the eye to be examined placed at a predetermined position.

  The concave mirror 50 reflects the target luminous flux from the display 45 arranged outside the reference axis L1 toward the eye to be examined, so that the optical axis O1 of the concave mirror 50 (the normal direction of the curved surface of the concave mirror 50). Are arranged to be inclined with respect to the reference axis L1. A display 45 is arranged on the axis L2 which is the reflection axis of the reference axis L1 in the concave mirror 50. The tilt angle of the screen of the display 45 with respect to the reference axis L1 is set so that the axis (normal direction) perpendicular to the screen of the display 45 is the direction of the axis L2. Thereby, when the eye to be examined looks at the screen of the display 45 reflected by the concave mirror 50, the screen can be viewed as a screen positioned perpendicular to the reference axis L1.

  In the present embodiment, the vertical position of the display 45 is disposed outside the range of the viewing angle α1 and as close as possible to the reference axis L1. For example, the display 45 is disposed near the forehead 82 (that is, the forehead of the subject) of the measurement unit 8 at a position above the inspection window 81, and emits the target luminous flux toward the concave mirror 50 from the eye side to be examined. Exit. The arrangement position of the display 45 in the left-right direction is the center position when the subject faces the concave mirror 50.

  In the present embodiment, the inclination angle of the optical axis O1 of the concave mirror 50 with respect to the reference axis L1 is 5 °. In other words, the target luminous flux emitted from the display 45 is reflected by the concave mirror 50, and the reflection angle when guided to the eye to be examined is 5 °. The inclination angle of the axis L2 of the display 45 with respect to the optical axis O1 is 5 °. That is, the incident angle when the target luminous flux emitted from the display 45 enters the concave mirror 50 is 5 °.

  The tilt angle of the display 45 and the tilt angle of the concave mirror 50 are set so as to have the above configuration. By setting it as such a structure, generation | occurrence | production of the distortion of the optotype presented to a to-be-examined eye can be suppressed. In the present embodiment, as described above, the display 45 is arranged near the subject's forehead, so that when the target luminous flux is emitted toward the concave mirror 50, the incident light enters the concave mirror 50. The angle of reflection at the time of reflection from the corner and the concave mirror 50 is reduced. For this reason, distortion of the visual target can be reduced. In this way, with the configuration using the display that displays the target, the target can be presented to perform an accurate examination while saving space.

  In this embodiment, the incident angle is 5 ° and the reflection angle is 5 °, but the present invention is not limited to this. What is necessary is just to comprise by the incident angle and reflection angle with little generation | occurrence | production of the distortion of a target.

  In the present embodiment, a slight shielding wall 69 is provided below the display 45. Thereby, for example, the light beam incident on the eye to be examined can be efficiently removed directly from the display 45 when the apparatus is used in a dark room or the like. In the present embodiment, the shielding wall 69 is configured as a part of the shielding cover 6. The shielding cover 6 protrudes below the display 45 and serves as a shielding wall 69.

  With such an arrangement of the display 45, a wide field of view can be secured for the subject. When the subject observes the distance target in the housing 5 through the target display window (transparent panel 52), the display 45, which is an extra structure, is provided on the subject side from the protective panel 51. You won't see it. Thus, the subject does not gaze at the display 45, and the intervention of adjusting the eye to be examined by looking at a structure other than the visual target at the distance examination can be reduced. And a visual function test | inspection can be performed accurately.

  The viewing angle of the inspection window 81 of this embodiment is about 40 °, but is not limited to this. When different types of measurement units 8 are used, the sizes and shapes of the inspection windows 81 are various, and the viewing angles from the inspection windows 81 of the different types of measurement units 8 are different. The viewing angle also changes depending on the distance from the eye to be examined to the examination window 81 of the measurement unit 8. Therefore, it is better to finely adjust the arrangement position of the display 45 according to the viewing angle. In this embodiment, the distance from the subject's eye to the examination window 81 of the measurement unit 8 is made constant by applying the subject's forehead to the forehead 82.

<Optical path switching unit>
The optical path switching unit 60 includes a support portion 61, a reflection mirror (for example, a plane mirror) 62, and a knob 63. The optical path switching unit 60 switches between the optical path for the distance inspection and the optical path for the near inspection by a configuration in which the reflection mirror 61 is inserted into and removed from the reference axis L1 when the subject's eye looks at the front (details will be described later). ).

<Housing>
FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the housing 5. Fig.6 (a) is a figure explaining the optical arrangement | positioning of each member. FIG. 6B is a diagram for explaining surface reflection by the protective cover 51. The housing 5 is a case that houses the concave mirror 50. The housing 5 has a protective panel 51 disposed on the front side (reflection surface side) of the concave mirror 50. The protective panel 51 includes a transparent panel 52 made of a transparent member such as an acrylic resin or a glass plate, and a shielding part 53 disposed around the transparent panel 52. The transparent panel 52 passes the target light beam from the target display unit 4 (display 45) disposed outside the housing 5 and passes the target light beam reflected by the concave mirror 50, so that the housing 5 To the outside (take out).

  Note that the housing 5 is not limited to a housing case. The casing 5 only needs to have a configuration in which at least the reflecting surface of the concave mirror 50 is protected from dust and external contact, and may not have a case-like configuration. For example, a housing that does not cover a part of the concave mirror 50 may be used. In this case, a configuration in which the back surface of the concave mirror 50 is not covered is mentioned. The concave mirror 50 is held by a housing at least at any position around the concave mirror 50, and a protective panel is disposed on the front side of the concave mirror 50. Further, the housing 5 may be configured by the holding unit 10.

  The transparent panel 52 serves as a visual target presentation window when the subject observes the visual target inside the housing 5. The subject sees the target in the center through the transparent panel 52 of the target window. As for the shielding part 53, the black coating and the black filter are affixed on the back surface (inside the housing) side, for example. Moreover, the inside of the housing 5 is painted black so that the internal structure is difficult to see. The casing 5 having the protection panel 51 protects the concave mirror 50 configured with high accuracy from being attached with dust or being damaged. The concave mirror 50 is disposed on the reference axis L1 when the eye to be examined looks at the front. The concave mirror 50 is arranged such that the optical axis O1 of the concave mirror is inclined with respect to the reference axis L1, and the focal length is designed so that the optical distance between the display 45 and the eye to be examined is 5 m. .

  Here, the transparent panel 52 is arranged so as to be inclined so that the inclination angle θ of the normal line (normal direction) L3 of the transparent panel 52 surface with respect to the reference axis L1 becomes a predetermined angle (for example, 10 ° or more). ing. The angle θ is set to an angle such that when the light from the visual target display unit 4 (display 45) is reflected by the surface of the transparent panel 52, the reflected light goes in a direction away from the eye to be examined. In particular, since the display 45 emits strong light, when the light of the display 45 reflected by the transparent panel 52 enters the eye to be examined, the reflected light hinders target observation presented via the concave mirror 50. Further, when the disturbance light in the background behind the subject and the disturbance light above the apparatus 1 are reflected by the transparent panel 52 and enter the eye to be examined, the subject's target observation is hindered. In this device, these problems can be reduced by setting the angle θ as described above, and the target is presented to perform an accurate inspection while saving space in a configuration using a display that displays the target. Can be done.

<Shielding cover>
Further, the shielding cover 6 is an upper column of the holding unit 10 in order to suppress the incidence of disturbance light on the optical members (the display 45, the reflection mirror 62, the protective panel 51, and the concave mirror 50) of the optotype presenting unit 3. 10b is disposed at an upper position and a lateral position. The shielding cover 6 covers the upper side of the apparatus and the side above the reference axis L1, and thereby has an effect of suppressing disturbance light from a fluorescent lamp or the like from entering the optical member in the apparatus. In this embodiment, the shielding cover 6 is arranged at the upper position and the side position, but the present invention is not limited to this. The shielding cover 6 may be preferably arranged at an upper position. Moreover, the structure without the shielding cover 6 of a side position may be sufficient.

<Movement mechanism of the subjective eye refractive power measurement unit>
The measurement unit 8 is supported by the holding unit 10 at a position above the central axis of the surface formed by the inspection window 81 of the measurement unit 8 by the support arm 20. Of course, the position supported by the support arm 20 is not limited to the upper position on the central axis of the surface formed by the inspection window 81. Any structure that is supported by the support arm at any position of the measurement unit 8 may be used.

  The support arm 20 is connected to the holding unit 10 so as to be rotatable (rotatable). Accordingly, the measurement unit 8 supported by the support arm 20 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the holding unit 10. The examiner places the measurement unit 8 at the examination position in front of the eye to be examined. The subject places the subject's eye at a fixed position by matching the forehead 82 with the forehead 82 of the measurement unit 8. In this state, the visual target is observed through the optometry window 81 of the measurement unit 8 to examine the visual function.

  The measurement unit 8 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the holding unit 10 by a support arm 20. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the retracting means of the measurement unit 8. Fig.7 (a) has shown the front view of the apparatus at the time of arrange | positioning the measurement unit 8 to a test | inspection position (measurement position), and the top view at the time of seeing an apparatus from F direction. FIG. 7B shows a front view of the apparatus when the measurement unit 8 is disposed at the retracted position, and a plan view when the apparatus is viewed from the F direction.

  When the measurement unit 8 is moved between the inspection position and the retracted position, the measurement unit 8 is rotated on an arc around the connection position O between the support arm 20 and the holding unit 10. That is, when the measurement unit 8 is rotated about the connection position O of the support arm, the measurement unit 8 moves the measurement unit 8 between the inspection position and the retracted position with respect to the reference axis L1 (concave mirror 50). Is done.

  Here, for example, when the connection position O is located on the central axis C, the measurement unit 8 and the shielding cover 6 or the holding unit are not interfered with the shielding cover 6 or the holding unit 10 when the measurement unit 8 is moved. It is necessary to increase the distance to 10. That is, in order to avoid interference, it is necessary to increase the movable range when the arc is moved, and therefore the length W of the support arm 20 must be made longer.

  In the present embodiment, in the plan view of FIG. 7, the connection position O is connected at a position shifted in the vertical direction with respect to the paper surface from the center axis C of the apparatus. Thus, by connecting the connecting position O at a position shifted from the central axis C of the apparatus, the measuring unit 8 can be moved within a smaller movable range. That is, even if the length of the support arm W is shortened and the movable range of the measurement unit 8 is reduced, interference with the shielding cover 6 and the holding unit 10 does not occur.

  For example, on the plan view, when the connection position O is positioned above the central axis C (leftward with respect to the paper surface of the front view), when the measurement unit 8 is moved to the left of the eye to be examined, The movable range of the rotational movement becomes small. Further, in the plan view, when the connection position O is positioned below the central axis C (rightward with respect to the paper surface of the front view), when the measurement unit 8 is moved to the right of the eye to be examined, The movable range of the rotational movement becomes small.

  As described above, the measurement unit 8 can be integrally connected to the optotype presenting unit 3 and the connection position O can be moved from the central axis C of the apparatus to retract the measurement unit 8 within a smaller movable range. This leads to downsizing of the apparatus and further space saving. Moreover, when moving the measurement unit 8, since the movable range is small, the possibility of contact with the examiner is reduced.

  In this embodiment, the support arm 20 connected to the upper support column 10b is configured to be able to rotate (turn) around the connection position, and the measurement unit 8 is moved to the inspection position and the retracted position by the rotation movement of the support arm 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A vertical moving means may be attached to the upper support column 10b of the holding unit 10 so that the measurement unit 8 is moved to a retracted position above the inspection position. For example, the measurement unit 8 is connected to the holding unit 10 so as to be extendable and contractable by a known telescopic pipe mechanism. Then, the measurement unit 8 is retracted by moving the measurement unit 8 in the vertical direction. As a result, when the measurement unit 8 is moved, the measurement unit 8 does not cross the examiner's face, so that the possibility of contact with the examiner can be reduced. When the measurement unit 8 is retracted by moving up and down, it is better to prevent the measurement unit 8 from entering the visual field of the eye to be examined.

  In addition, the measurement unit 8 may be configured to move up and down with respect to the support arm 20 so that the measurement unit 8 can be moved up and down. Of course, the retracting means may be configured by combining the vertical movement and the rotational movement.

<Control unit>
FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the optometry apparatus. The control unit 70 is connected to the measurement unit 8, the display 45, the controller 90, the memory 72, and the like. The memory 72 stores a lot of inspection target data such as Landolt's target. For example, visual target data having a visual acuity value of 0.1 to 2.0 is stored. In response to an input signal from the controller 90, the control unit 70 calls the corresponding target data from the memory 72, controls the display on the display 45, and displays the target on the screen of the display. In the present embodiment, the signal from the controller 90 is input to the control unit 70 via a cable (not shown), but the signal may be input by wireless communication such as infrared rays.

<Optical path switching>
This apparatus is provided with an optical path switching unit 60 for switching between a distance inspection optical path and a near inspection optical path in the target presentation of the target presentation unit 3. Hereinafter, optical path switching will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining switching between the distance inspection optical path and the near inspection optical path. FIG. 9A shows the optical path for distance inspection. FIG. 9B shows a near-inspection optical path. In FIG. 9, the measurement unit 8 is omitted.

  When the visual function test is performed in the far-inspection optical path, the target light beam is emitted from the display 45 toward the concave mirror 50, and the target light beam reflected by the concave mirror 50 is presented to the eye to be examined. The subject observes the presented visual target and performs a visual function test for distance.

  When the visual function test is performed in the near test optical path, the reflection mirror 62 is disposed on the reference axis L1 between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50. In addition, the inclination angle of the screen of the display 45 is changed so that the normal direction with respect to the screen of the display 45 and the direction of the axis L4 where the reference axis L1 is reflected by the reflection mirror 62 substantially coincide.

  The target luminous flux emitted from the display 45 is guided to the eye to be examined along the reference axis L1 without passing through the concave mirror 50. The target light flux is guided to the eye to be examined without passing through the concave mirror 50, so that the examination distance becomes a short distance (for example, 40 cm).

  At the time of switching to the far-inspection optical path, the normal direction to the screen of the display 45 and the direction of the axis L2 of the reference axis L1 reflected by the concave mirror 50 substantially coincide with each other. Change the tilt angle.

  Hereinafter, an apparatus configuration for switching the optical path will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration diagram of the visual target display unit 4 and the optical path switching unit 60 part. FIG. 10A shows the visual target display unit 4 and the optical path switching unit 60 in the distance inspection optical path. FIG. 10B shows the visual target display unit 4 and the optical path switching unit 60 in the near inspection optical path.

  The optotype display unit 4 includes a shaft 42, a rotation limiting unit (projection 44 a, stopper 44 b) 44, a display 45, a projection 46, and a spring 47 as a configuration for changing the tilt angle of the display 45. Each member of the visual target display unit 4 is held by the base 65. The display 45 is connected to the shaft 42 via the support portion 41. The shaft 42 is held by the base 65 so as to be rotatable around its axis. Thereby, the inclination angle of the display 45 can be changed with respect to the holding unit 10.

  A spring 47 is connected to the shaft 42, and the shaft 42 receives an upward force due to the spring force of the spring 47. This spring force always acts as a force (a force that tilts the display 45) that rotates the shaft 42 in the B1 direction (see FIG. 9). At this time, the rotation amount is limited by the rotation limiting unit 44. That is, the tilt angle of the display 45 is limited by the rotation limiting unit 44 at a predetermined angle. The rotation limiting unit 44 includes a protrusion 44a and a stopper 44b. The protrusion 44 a is provided on the shaft 42. The stopper 44b is held by the base 65. When the shaft 42 rotates by a predetermined amount, the projection 44a provided on the shaft 42 is fitted into the stopper 44b, and the rotation of the shaft 42 is stopped. As a result, the display 45 can be changed to a predetermined tilt angle (LCD tilt angle for near-field inspection) (see FIGS. 10A and 10B). When performing the distance inspection, the protrusion 46 provided on the support 41 of the display 45 is pressed in the B2 direction by the support 61 of the reflection mirror 62, and the change in the tilt angle of the display 45 is suppressed. (See FIG. 10A).

  The optical path switching unit 60 includes a support part 61, a reflection mirror (for example, a plane mirror) 62, a knob 63, a shaft (rotation shaft) 66, a rotation restriction part (projection part 67 a, stopper 67 b) 67, and a magnet 68. Each member of the optical path switching unit 60 is supported by the holding unit 10 via the base 65 in the same manner as the target display unit 4.

  The reflection mirror 62 is connected to the shaft 66 through the support portion 61. The shaft 66 is held by the base 65 so as to be rotatable around its axis. Thereby, the inclination angle of the support portion 61 can be changed with respect to the holding unit 10, and the reflection mirror 62 can be inserted into and removed from the optical path L1. At this time, the change amount of the tilt angle is limited by the rotation limiting unit 67 (projection 67a, stopper 67b) in the same manner as the target display unit 4. That is, the insertion position of the reflection mirror 62 is set by the rotation limiting unit 67.

  Further, a knob 63 is connected to the reflection mirror 62, and the examiner operates the knob 63 to insert / remove the reflection mirror 62. During the distance inspection, the reflection mirror 62 is held at the retracted position retracted from the optical path of the target display unit 4 by the magnetic force of the magnet 68 (see FIG. 10A). The magnetic force generated by the magnet 68 is stronger than the spring force of the spring 47 for changing the tilt angle of the display 45 of the target display unit 4. For this reason, the magnet 68 holds the reflection mirror 62 in the retracted position, presses the support portion 41 via the projection portion 46, and holds the display 45 at an inclination angle (arrangement position) during the distance inspection. Yes. When the knob 63 is operated by the examiner and the reflection mirror 62 is inserted, the magnetic force of the magnet 68 that has pressed the protrusion 46 is lost. Accordingly, the inclination angle of the display 45 with respect to the reference axis L1 is changed by the spring force of the spring 47 (see FIG. 10B). The inclination angle of the display 45 is such that when the subject's eye sees the screen of the display 45 reflected by the reflection mirror 62 in the direction of the reference axis L1, the screen (virtual image screen) is perpendicular to the reference axis L1. The angle is set so that it can be seen. When switching from the near inspection optical path to the far inspection optical path, the examiner lifts the knob 63 and moves the reflection mirror 62 to the retracted position.

  In this embodiment, the magnet 68 is used to hold the reflecting mirror 62 at the retracted position, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any configuration that can hold the reflecting mirror 62 at the retracted position may be used. For example, a configuration using a latch or the like may be used.

  As described above, switching between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path can be easily performed. In addition, since the tilt angle of the display 45 is changed as the optical path is switched, even when the optical path is switched, a target with reduced distortion can be projected onto the eye to be examined. This makes it possible to present a target for accurate examination with a configuration using a display that displays the target.

  The inspection by the target presentation will be briefly described. The examiner instructs the forehead 82 of the measurement unit 8 to apply the amount of the subject. Then, by aligning the forehead 82 and the forehead, the eye to be examined is positioned at a certain position. During a distance test, with the reflecting mirror 62 removed from the reference axis L1, a target is presented via the concave mirror 50 on the reference axis L1 when the subject's eye looks at the front, and the subject is measured. The presented visual target is observed through the optometric window 81 of the unit 8, and the visual function is examined. The control unit 70 controls the display of the display 45 based on the distance target selection signal input by the controller 90 to display the distance target on the display 45.

  During the near-field inspection, the reflection mirror 62 is inserted into the reference axis L1 and the angle of the display 45 is changed as described above. The control unit 70 controls display on the display 45 based on the near target selection signal input by the controller 90 and causes the display 45 to display the near target.

<Transformation example>
In the optical path switching unit 60 of the present embodiment, the knob 63 is provided and the optical path is switched manually. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a drive mechanism for inserting / removing the reflection mirror 62 may be provided, and the drive mechanism of the reflection mirror 62 may be controlled to switch the optical path by switching the distance inspection mode or the near inspection mode. .

  In this embodiment, the display 45 is arranged near the subject's forehead (near the forehead 82 of the measurement unit 8), and the reflection mirror 62 is inserted / removed for the distance inspection and the near inspection. Although the optical path is switched, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, a reflection mirror 123 for changing the optical path is arranged near the subject's forehead, and a display 120 for displaying a target is arranged on the concave mirror 50 side. An optical path may be configured. The arrangement condition of the reflection mirror 123 is the same as the example of the display 45 shown in FIG.

  In the case of an apparatus having such a configuration, the optical path may be switched by inserting and removing the display 120. In this case, at the distance inspection, the target luminous flux emitted from the display 120 is reflected by the reflection mirror 123, passes through the transparent panel 52 disposed in the housing 5, and travels toward the concave mirror 50. The target luminous flux reflected by the concave mirror 50 passes through the transparent panel 52 again and is guided to the eye to be examined located in the direction of the reference axis L1. The inclination angle of the transparent panel 52 is the same as described above.

  In the case of a near-field examination, the display 120 is inserted on the reference axis L1 along the optical path between the eye to be examined and the concave mirror 50, and the display 120 is directly observed from the eye to be examined. Further, along with the insertion of the display 120, the inclination angle of the display 120 is changed to the inclination angle for near-field inspection by an inclination angle changing means (not shown). The near-inspection inclination angle is an angle at which the screen of the display 120 is perpendicular to the reference axis L1. In this way, the optical path is switched. Note that the tilt angle of the display 120 during the distance inspection is such that the screen of the display 120 (virtual image screen) observed in the direction of the reference axis L1 is positioned in a state perpendicular to the reference axis L1. And the inclination of the concave mirror 50 is set.

  As a further modification of the present embodiment, the inspection distance is continuously changed from a short distance to a medium distance by adopting a configuration in which the reflecting mirror 62 shown in FIG. 9B is moved along the reference axis L1. Can be variable. For example, by moving the reflection mirror 62 along the reference axis and changing the inclination angle of the display 45 to an inclination angle corresponding to each position after the movement of the reflection mirror 62, only the distance inspection and the near inspection can be performed. In addition, inspection for medium distances is also possible.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration is such that the distortion of the visual target projected onto the eye to be examined is reduced by changing the tilt angle of the display 45, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be configured to reduce distortion by image processing. For example, display is performed in consideration of distortion of the shape of the target displayed on the display 45. That is, the distortion generation amount corresponding to each optical path is calculated in advance, and the target to be displayed is stored in consideration of the generation amount. In this way, the target with reduced distortion is projected onto the eye to be examined.

  In this embodiment, the reflection mirror 62, which is a plane mirror, is used as the optical path switching member. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The member for switching the optical path may be a reflection member. For example, a concave mirror, a convex mirror, etc. are mentioned. When the convex mirror is used, the optical path is shortened, and therefore, it is preferable to insert the convex mirror immediately before the concave mirror 50 in order to make a distance (for example, 40 cm) for performing the near-field inspection.

  In the above configuration, it is better to adjust the incident angle of the target luminous flux to the concave mirror 50 and the reflection angle when reflected from the concave mirror 50 according to the curved surface shape (magnification) of the concave mirror 50. When the magnification of the concave mirror 50 is changed, the incident angle and the reflection angle at which distortion occurs are also changed. For example, when using a concave mirror having a higher magnification than the concave mirror of this embodiment, it is necessary to adjust the incident angle and the reflection angle to be more acute.

  The concave mirror 50 is not limited to a spherical surface. For example, an aspherical mirror, a free-form surface mirror, or the like may be used.

The external view of the optometry apparatus which concerns on this invention is shown. The front view of the optometry apparatus is shown. 1 shows a sectional view of an optometry apparatus. The front view of the optotype display part is shown. It is a figure explaining the arrangement position of a display. The schematic block diagram of a housing is shown. It is a figure explaining the evacuation means of a measurement unit. It is a control block diagram of an optometry apparatus. It is a figure explaining switching of the optical path for distance inspection, and the optical path for near inspection. It is a figure which shows the schematic block diagram in a target display part and an optical path switching unit part. It is a figure which shows the example of a change of an optometry apparatus.

2 optometry table unit 3 optotype presenting unit 4 optotype display unit 5 housing 6 exterior cover 8 subjective eye refractive power measurement unit 10 holding unit 20 support arm 45 display 50 concave mirror 51 protective cover 52 transparent panel 53 shielding unit 60 optical path switching Unit 62 Reflection mirror 70 Control unit 72 Memory 81 Inspection window 90 Controller

Claims (3)

A visual display having a concave mirror and a display for displaying a target, and optically presenting the target at a predetermined distance inspection distance by reflecting the target luminous flux emitted from the display by the concave mirror A sign presentation unit,
In the optometry apparatus that presents the target in the optical path for far-inspection to the eye to be examined using the optotype presenting unit, and examines the distance vision function of the eye to be examined.
Optical path switching means for switching between the far-inspection inspection optical path and the near-inspection inspection optical path that guides the target luminous flux from the display to the eye to be examined without passing through the reflection of the concave mirror;
An angle changing means for changing the inclination angle of the screen of the display between the distance inspection and the near inspection;
Equipped with a,
The angle changing means is configured to change the tilt angle of the screen of the display when the subject looks at the front when the optical path switching means is switched between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path. An optometry apparatus comprising an inclination limiting unit that limits a predetermined angle with respect to a direction reference axis . The optometry apparatus of claim 1,
The angle changing means is configured so that when the eye to be examined looks at the screen of the display when the optical path switching means switches between the far-inspection optical path and the near-inspection optical path with respect to the reference axis, An optometry apparatus characterized by changing an inclination angle of a screen of the display so that the screen can be observed as a screen positioned substantially vertically . A visual display having a concave mirror and a display for displaying a target, and optically presenting the target at a predetermined distance inspection distance by reflecting the target luminous flux emitted from the display by the concave mirror A sign presentation unit,
In the optometry apparatus that presents the target in the optical path for far-inspection to the eye to be examined using the optotype presenting unit, and examines the distance vision function of the eye to be examined.
Optical path switching means for switching between the far-inspection inspection optical path and the near-inspection inspection optical path that guides the target luminous flux from the display to the eye to be examined without passing through the reflection of the concave mirror;
When the eye to be examined looks at the screen of the display when the optical path switching means switches between the optical path for far-inspection and the optical path for near-field inspection, the screen of the display is positioned as a substantially vertical screen. An angle changing means for changing the inclination angle of the screen of the display between the distance inspection and the near inspection so that it can be observed;
A tilt control unit that limits the tilt angle of the display screen so as to maintain the tilt angle for the distance test and the tilt angle for the near test when the tilt angle of the display screen is changed; ,
An optometry apparatus comprising:

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