JP6042775B2 - Control device, program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device and a program for controlling a charge / discharge amount of a storage battery in a system for supplying power to a load.

  In recent years, electric power consumers have become more aware of global environmental problems, and solar power generation using natural energy (hereinafter referred to as PV) has attracted attention. For example, there is a system that uses PV generated power and grid power supplied from an electric power company. In some cases, the system is provided with a storage battery in order to eliminate unstable power supply due to natural energy. If this storage battery is appropriately controlled, a power supply system that is excellent in economic efficiency and environmental performance can be realized. For example, the amount of solar power generation is predicted using solar radiation data, a storage battery operation plan is created from the predicted power generation value, predicted power demand, and remaining battery capacity, and the storage battery is controlled according to the created operation plan. How to do is known.

  For example, the supply power plan creation device of Patent Literature 1 acquires the above-described operation plan as a charge / discharge schedule. The supply power plan creation device of Patent Literature 1 includes a supply power calculation unit 13 and a supply power plan calculation unit 14, and the supply power calculation unit 13 is supplied by a generator and a secondary battery of an internal combustion power generation facility. Predict power to be used. The power supply plan calculation unit 14 inputs the predicted power supply value and creates a power generation schedule for the generator and a charge / discharge schedule for the secondary battery. The charge / discharge schedule is a schedule that satisfies various constraints related to generators and various constraints related to secondary batteries and can balance supply and demand of power, and is most suitable for the schedule with the highest evaluation by objective function, that is, the lowest power generation cost It becomes.

JP 2011-114945 A

  The above-described supply power plan creation device of Patent Document 1 needs to frequently perform complicated calculations such as evaluation with an objective function in order to optimize the charge / discharge schedule. When there are many fluctuations in the weather and the parameters related to sunshine constantly change, the charge / discharge schedule that instructs detailed control is effective, while the fluctuations in the weather are small and the parameters related to sunshine are relatively stable. However, it is not always necessary to have a charge / discharge schedule instructing fine control. In the above-described power supply plan creation device of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to always perform a complicated and large amount of calculation regardless of the weather, so that the hardware cost is great.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a control device that can appropriately control the charge / discharge amount of a storage battery with a small amount of calculation.

  The control device of the present invention is a device that controls the charge / discharge amount of a storage battery in a storage battery, a commercial power system, and a system that supplies power from a solar battery to a load. The control device of the present invention includes a weather prediction unit, an instruction frequency determination unit, and an optimization unit. The weather prediction unit acquires a predicted value of a parameter relating to sunshine based on weather data acquired from a weather sensor. The instruction frequency determination unit determines an instruction frequency for charge / discharge control of the storage battery based on the predicted value. The optimization unit creates an initial operation plan of the storage battery having an instruction value of charge / discharge amount at each time interval indicating the instruction frequency, and evaluates the initial operation plan based on a predefined evaluation function to create an optimum operation plan To do.

  According to the control device 1 of the present embodiment, the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery can be appropriately controlled with a small amount of calculation.

The block diagram which shows the structure of a hybrid electric power supply system and the control apparatus of Example 1. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of the operation of the control device according to the first embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the weather prediction part of the control apparatus of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an instruction frequency determination unit of the control device according to the first embodiment. 3 is a flowchart showing details of the operation of the control device according to the first embodiment. It is a figure showing the time change example of solar radiation amount, Comprising: A is an example with little fluctuation | variation of solar radiation amount, B is a figure which shows an example with much fluctuation | variation of solar radiation amount. It is a figure which shows the example of the instruction | indication frequency of charging / discharging control in a daily initial operation plan, Comprising: A is an example in case an instruction | indication frequency is every 3 hours, B is an example in case an instruction | indication frequency is every hour. FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to a second embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the weather prediction part of the control apparatus of Example 2. FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the instruction | indication frequency determination part of the control apparatus of Example 2. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to a third embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the weather prediction part of the control apparatus of Example 3. FIG. FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an instruction frequency determination unit of a control device according to a third embodiment. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device according to the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to a fourth embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the instruction | indication frequency determination part of the control apparatus of Example 4. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an instruction frequency determination unit of a control device according to a fifth embodiment. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device according to the fifth embodiment. A is a diagram showing an example of a time zone in which the predicted power generation amount exceeds the load power consumption. B is an example of an initial operation plan in which the instruction frequency is set so that the time zone in which the predicted power generation value exceeds the load power consumption is not divided. FIG. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device according to a sixth embodiment. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device according to the sixth embodiment. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device of Modification 1; FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a green base station according to a seventh embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the green base station of the modification 2. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the structure part which has the same function, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Hereinafter, a system for supplying electric power to a load and a control device of Example 1 for controlling the charge / discharge amount of a storage battery will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the hybrid power supply system 9 and the control device 1 of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hybrid power supply system 9 that supplies power to a load 95 includes a storage battery 92, a commercial power system 93, a solar battery 94, and a controller 96. The controller 96 includes a charge / discharge controller 961, a rectifier 962, and a solar cell controller 963. In addition to this, it is assumed that the weather sensor 91 and the control device 1 of the present embodiment exist. The control device 1 is connected to the weather sensor 91 and the controller 96 through the network 8 so as to communicate with each other. The network 8 is a communication network configured by a mobile communication network, an Internet network, or the like. A communication path through the network 8 is indicated by a broken line in the figure. The meteorological sensor 91 acquires and accumulates weather data such as solar radiation amount, temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and cloud amount from the surrounding environment at set time intervals. The accumulated weather data is transmitted to the control device 1 through the network 8. The control device 1 is a device that creates an optimum operation plan based on the weather data received from the weather sensor 91 and transmits the optimum operation plan to the controller 96. The optimum operation plan indicates a time series of charge / discharge amount instruction values per unit time of the storage battery 92. Details of the control device 1 will be described later. The charge / discharge controller 961 of the controller 96 is a device that controls the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery 92 per unit time. There are various mechanisms for controlling the charge / discharge amount. For example, the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery 92 can be controlled by controlling the voltage applied to the storage battery 92. The charging / discharging current value of the storage battery 92 can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the storage battery 92. The control device 1 may transmit the optimum operation plan to the charge / discharge controller 961 to control the storage battery 92, but in addition to this, for example, the controller 1 transmits the optimum operation plan to the rectifier 962 related to the commercial power system to control the storage battery 92. The storage battery 92 may be controlled by transmitting an optimal operation plan to the solar battery controller 963. Below, the case where the control apparatus 1 transmits an optimal driving | operation plan to the charge / discharge controller 961 is described. In this case, the charge / discharge controller 961 controls the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery 92 according to the optimum operation plan that is a time series of the instruction values of the charge / discharge amount per unit time created by the control device 1. The charge / discharge controller 961 controls the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery 92 by controlling the charge amount from the solar battery 94 and the commercial power system 93 and the discharge amount to the load 95. The storage battery 92 acquires power from the commercial power system 93 and the solar battery 94 in accordance with the charge instruction from the charge / discharge controller 961 and charges it. Further, the storage battery 92 discharges the load 95 according to the discharge instruction of the charge / discharge controller 961 and supplies power. The commercial power system 93 is a system for supplying power to the load 95, and is used when purchasing power from an electric power company. By supplying electric power to the load 95 using the hybrid electric power supply system 9 as shown in FIG. 1, electric power can be supplied to the load 95 by discharging the solar battery 94 or the storage battery 92, and the daytime commercial power system 93 It is possible to reduce the electricity bill by suppressing the use.

  The solar cell 94 is a device that receives sunlight to generate electric power, and is a parameter specific to the solar cell 94, such as panel capacity, temperature loss, power converter conversion loss, and others (loss due to dirt on the wiring, circuit backflow prevention element, and light receiving surface). The amount of power generation varies depending on the loss. The load 95 may be anything, but is suitable if it has a small variation in power consumption, such as a mobile phone base station.

  The control device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a communication unit 11, a weather prediction unit 12, an instruction frequency determination unit 13, and an optimization unit 14. Hereinafter, an outline of the operation of the control device 11 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The communication unit 11 receives weather data from the weather sensor 91. The weather prediction unit 12 acquires a predicted value of a parameter relating to sunshine based on the weather data acquired from the weather sensor 91 (S12). The instruction frequency determination unit 13 determines the instruction frequency of charge / discharge control of the storage battery 92 based on the predicted value (S13). The optimization unit 14 creates an initial operation plan of the storage battery having a charge / discharge amount instruction value for each time interval representing the instruction frequency, evaluates the initial operation plan based on a pre-defined evaluation function, and determines the optimum operation plan. Create (S14). The communication unit 11 transmits the optimal operation plan to the controller 96.

  Hereinafter, the details of each component of the control device 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the weather prediction unit 12 of the control device 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the instruction frequency determination unit 13 of the control device 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing details of the operation of the control device 1 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the weather prediction unit 12 of the control device 1 of the present embodiment includes a weather data storage unit 121 and a solar radiation amount prediction unit 122. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the instruction frequency determination unit 13 of the control device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a solar radiation amount determination unit 131 and a threshold storage unit 132. The weather data storage unit 121 stores weather data such as the amount of solar radiation, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity acquired from the weather sensor 91 (S121). The solar radiation amount prediction unit 122 acquires a solar radiation amount prediction value as a parameter relating to sunlight (S122). More specifically, the solar radiation amount prediction unit 122 acquires the weather data accumulated in the weather data storage unit 121, and calculates the solar radiation amount predicted value based on the past solar radiation amount. The solar radiation amount prediction unit 122 converts, for example, weather data acquired from the weather sensor 91 into an existing weather model (for example, NuWFAS using the weather model WRF, JIT Modeling using the weather numerical forecast model MSM-GPV). The solar radiation amount predicted value can be acquired by inputting. In the existing weather model, the amount of solar radiation is calculated at predetermined time intervals, and the amount of solar radiation in units of time up to a predetermined time ahead is calculated. For example, in the numerical weather forecast model MSM-GPV, numerical calculations are made at an initial time every three hours (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21:00) every day, and solar radiation up to 33 hours ahead at each initial time. A quantity prediction value is calculated.

  The threshold value storage unit 132 stores in advance a threshold value for determining whether or not there is a fine variation in the estimated amount of solar radiation during a predetermined time. For example, the number of inversions of the sign of the differential value of the solar radiation amount predicted value can be used as the threshold value. In this case, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 determines the instruction frequency of charge / discharge control of the storage battery based on the number of inversions per predetermined time of the sign of the differential value of the predicted solar radiation amount (S131). More specifically, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 compares the threshold value stored in advance in the threshold storage unit 132 with the number of inversions per predetermined time of the sign of the differential value of the solar radiation amount predicted value, and the number of inversions is a threshold value. When it is less than (S131N), the time interval representing the instruction frequency is determined as T (T is an arbitrary real number). On the other hand, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 determines that the time interval representing the instruction frequency is t (t is an arbitrary real number satisfying T> t) when the number of inversions is equal to or greater than the threshold (S131Y). Here, with reference to FIG. 6, the solar radiation amount determination part 131 is supplementarily demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of temporal change in the amount of solar radiation, where A is an example in which the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small, and B is a diagram illustrating an example in which the variation in the amount of solar radiation is large. As shown in FIG. 6A, when the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small (for example, when the weather is fine), the number of inversions of the time differential value of the amount of solar radiation is small. In the example of FIG. 6A, the number of positive / negative reversals is only once at the moment when the amount of solar radiation reaches a peak value and starts to decrease. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the variation in the amount of solar radiation is large (for example, when there are many clouds), the number of positive / negative inversions of the time differential value of the amount of solar radiation increases. Thus, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 can determine the degree of variation in the solar radiation amount based on the number of inversions per predetermined time of the sign of the differential value of the solar radiation amount. When the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small and less than a predetermined threshold value, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 sets the time interval representing the instruction frequency to T, and allows the rough control to be performed at a low instruction frequency. On the other hand, the solar radiation amount determination unit 131 can perform fine control by increasing the instruction frequency with the time interval representing the instruction frequency as t when the variation of the solar radiation amount is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value. To do.

In the case of S131N, the optimization unit 14 creates an initial operation plan for the storage battery having an instruction value for the charge / discharge amount at each time interval T (S14A). On the other hand, in the case of S131Y, the optimization unit 14 creates an initial operation plan of the storage battery having the charge / discharge amount instruction value at each time interval t (S14B). Step S14A or step S14B executed by the optimization unit 14 will be supplementarily described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the instruction frequency of charge / discharge control in the daily initial operation plan, where A is an example when the instruction frequency is every 3 hours, and B is an example when the instruction frequency is every hour It is a figure which shows the example of. The time during which the indicated value of the charge / discharge amount exists is indicated by an arrow. When T = 3 hours is set, the initial operation plan created in step S14A is as shown in FIG. 7A. On the other hand, when t = 1 hour is set, the initial operation plan created in step S14B is as shown in FIG. 7B. As shown in FIG. 7, the optimization unit 14 creates an initial operation plan that realizes rough control when the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small, and realizes fine control when the variation in the amount of solar radiation is large. be able to. The values of T and t can be set in units of minutes. Next, the optimization unit 14 evaluates the initial operation plan created in Step S14A or Step S14B based on a predefined evaluation function and creates an optimum operation plan (S14C). When calculating the optimum operation plan, the optimization unit 14 sets an objective function for evaluating the degree of achievement of the purpose in the operation plan such as minimizing the cost and carbon dioxide emission amount, and in a predetermined period. An operation plan in which the value of the objective function is the best is searched (see Reference Patent Document 1). For this search, for example, an algorithm such as a genetic algorithm, tabu search, or linear programming can be used. The communication unit 11 transmits the optimal operation plan created by the optimization unit 14 to the controller 96.
(Reference Patent Document 1) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-124644

  As described above, according to the control device 2 of the present embodiment, by using the predicted amount of solar radiation, an optimal operation plan can be created so as to have an appropriate instruction frequency according to the degree of weather fluctuations, and therefore, less calculation is required. The charge / discharge amount of the storage battery can be appropriately controlled by the amount.

  Hereinafter, the control device 2 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and 11. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 2 of this embodiment. FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the weather prediction unit 22 of the control device 2 of the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the instruction frequency determination unit 23 of the control device 2 of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 2 of this embodiment. The control device 2 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the predicted power generation amount of the solar cell 94 is used as a parameter relating to sunlight, and other processes are the same as those of the control device 1 of the first embodiment. The difference between the control device 2 of the present embodiment and the control device 1 of the first embodiment is that the weather prediction unit 12 and the instruction frequency determination unit 13 in the control device 1 of the first embodiment have different weather conditions in the control device 2 of the present embodiment. The only difference is the prediction unit 22 and the instruction frequency determination unit 23.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the weather prediction unit 22 includes a power generation amount prediction unit 223 in addition to the weather data storage unit 121 and the solar radiation amount prediction unit 122. As shown in FIG. 10, the instruction frequency determination unit 23 includes a power generation amount determination unit 231 and a threshold storage unit 232. As shown in FIG. 11, steps S121 and S122 are executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Next, the power generation amount prediction unit 223 acquires the power generation amount prediction value based on the solar radiation amount prediction value and the parameters of the solar battery (S223). More specifically, the power generation amount predicting unit 223 includes the solar cell conditions, such as panel capacity, temperature loss, power conversion loss, and others (wiring, line backflow prevention element, loss due to dirt on the light receiving surface, etc.) The product of the loss can be obtained as the predicted power generation value.

<Predicted power generation value>
As described above, the predicted power generation amount can be calculated by (predicted solar radiation amount) × (solar cell conditions). The conditions of the solar cell can be calculated by (panel capacity) × (solar cell loss / temperature correction coefficient) × (power conditioner loss) × (other loss). The panel capacity can be calculated from the amount of installed panels. The unit of the panel capacity is [kW], which simply indicates the panel installation amount. Accordingly, the panel capacity is a condition that is arbitrarily determined by the installer, and is a different value for each system. For each loss, the numerical value published by the manufacturer of the installed panel can be used. The actual output (generated power) varies depending on the intensity of solar radiation, installation conditions (direction, angle, and surrounding environment), regional differences, and temperature conditions. The generated power is about 70% to 80% of the solar cell capacity due to the following loss at the maximum. (1) Solar cell loss / temperature correction factor-3 to May and September to November: 8.7%, June to August: 11.6%, December to February: 5.8 at a certain manufacturer's nominal value %. (2) Power conditioner loss-5% at a manufacturer's nominal value. (3) Other loss (light-receiving surface contamination / wiring / circuit loss): A manufacturer's nominal value is 5% in total.

  Next, the power generation amount determination unit 231 determines the charge / discharge control instruction frequency of the storage battery 92 based on the number of inversions per predetermined time of the sign of the differential value of the power generation amount predicted value (S231). Step S231 is executed in the same manner as Step S131 of Example 1 except that the predicted amount of solar radiation in Example 1 is replaced with the predicted power generation value. The threshold value storage unit 232 stores in advance a threshold value for determining whether or not there is a fine variation in the power generation amount predicted value during a predetermined time. For example, the number of inversions of the sign of the differential value of the power generation predicted value can be used as the threshold value. Thereafter, steps S14A, S14B, and S14C are executed as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the control device 2 of the present embodiment, by using the power generation amount prediction value, it is possible to create an optimal operation plan so that an appropriate instruction frequency is obtained according to the degree of weather fluctuation, and therefore, a small calculation The charge / discharge amount of the storage battery can be appropriately controlled by the amount.

  Hereinafter, the control device 3 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12, 13, 14, and 15. FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 3 of this embodiment. FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the weather prediction unit 32 of the control device 3 of this embodiment. FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the instruction frequency determination unit 33 of the control device 3 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 3 of this embodiment. The control device 3 of the present embodiment is characterized by using a cloud amount prediction value as a parameter relating to sunlight, and the other processes are the same as those of the control device 1 of the first embodiment. The difference between the control device 3 of the present embodiment and the control device 1 of the first embodiment is that the weather prediction unit 12 and the instruction frequency determination unit 13 in the control device 1 of the first embodiment are connected to the weather in the control device 3 of the present embodiment. The only difference is the prediction unit 32 and the instruction frequency determination unit 33.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the weather prediction unit 32 includes a weather data storage unit 321 and a cloud amount prediction unit 322. As illustrated in FIG. 14, the instruction frequency determination unit 33 includes a cloud amount determination unit 331 and a threshold storage unit 332. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 11 receives cloud amount data as weather data from the weather sensor 91. As shown in FIG. 15, step S121 is executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Next, the cloud cover prediction unit 322 acquires a cloud cover prediction value as a parameter relating to sunshine (S322). More specifically, the cloud cover prediction unit 322 acquires cloud cover data from the weather sensor 91 and acquires a cloud cover predicted value based on the cloud cover data. Cloud cover data can be acquired in units of one day or in units of hours. For example, when the weather sensor 91 observes cloud cover data using a cloud meter, the cloud cover data can be acquired at an arbitrary time. In this case, the weather sensor 91 needs to have a configuration including a cloud meter. For example, when the weather sensor 91 acquires cloud amount data from the Japan Meteorological Agency or the like, the cloud amount data is data that is visually observed by a measurement person twice to four times a day. When acquiring cloud amount data from the Japan Meteorological Agency, the cloud amount prediction unit 322 acquires, for example, only the cloud amount data at 9:00 am from the weather sensor 91, and acquires the cloud amount prediction value for one day based on the acquired cloud amount data at 9:00 am do it. For example, in the ground actual weather notification formula (SYNOP) used for weather notification, the cloud amount is expressed by 10 numbers of 0 to 8 and 9 representing “cloud amount unknown”. Further, in the Japanese-style weather symbol, the cloud cover is expressed in numerical values of 0 to 10 and 12 levels of “unknown”. In any case, the smaller the value, the less cloud. Next, the cloud amount determination unit 331 determines an instruction frequency for charge / discharge control of the storage battery based on the cloud amount prediction value (S331). The threshold storage unit 332 stores cloud amount thresholds C1 and C2 (assuming C1 <C2) in advance. C1 is set as the cloud amount when the variation in the amount of solar radiation decreases because the number of clouds is very small. On the other hand, C2 is set as the cloud amount when the cloud almost covers the sky and the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small. When the cloud amount determination value is less than C1 or exceeds C2 (S331N), the cloud amount determination unit 331 determines that the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small, and sets the time interval indicating the instruction frequency as T, and reduces the instruction frequency to be rough. Make control executable. On the other hand, when the cloud amount prediction value is C1 or more and C2 or less (S331Y), the cloud amount determination unit 331 determines that the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small and sets the time interval representing the instruction frequency to t and increases the instruction frequency. Enables fine control.

  For example, the cloud amount determination unit 331 sets the cloud amounts 1 and 9 in the Japanese weather symbol as the thresholds C1 and C2, respectively, and when the predicted cloud amount is less than 1 or exceeds 9 (S331N), the time interval representing the instruction frequency is T. On the other hand, when the cloud amount prediction value is 1 or more and 9 or less (S331Y), the cloud amount determination unit 331 sets the time interval representing the instruction frequency to t. Thereafter, steps S14A, S14B, and S14C are executed as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the control device 3 of the present embodiment, by using the cloud amount prediction value, it is possible to create an optimal operation plan so as to have an appropriate instruction frequency according to the degree of weather fluctuation, and thus a small amount of calculation Thus, the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery can be controlled appropriately.

  Hereinafter, the control device 4 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 16, 17, and 18. FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 4 of this embodiment. FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the instruction frequency determination unit 43 of the control device 4 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 4 of this embodiment. The control device 4 of the present embodiment is characterized by using whether the weather is good weather or bad weather as a parameter, and other processes are the same as those of the control device 1 of the first embodiment. The difference between the control device 4 of the present embodiment and the control device 1 of the first embodiment is that the instruction frequency determination unit 13 in the control device 1 of the first embodiment is changed to the instruction frequency determination unit 43 in the control device 4 of the present embodiment. It is only a point that has been done.

  As illustrated in FIG. 17, the instruction frequency determination unit 43 includes a preference determination unit 431 and a threshold storage unit 432. As shown in FIG. 18, steps S121 and S122 are executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The good / bad determination unit 431 determines whether the weather is good weather or bad weather from the predicted amount of solar radiation, and determines the charge / discharge control instruction frequency of the storage battery 92 based on the determination result (S431). More specifically, the amount of solar radiation as a boundary value between good weather and bad weather is set in the threshold storage unit 432. For example, when the boundary value (threshold) is equal to or higher than the boundary value (threshold), only clear sky with a small amount of solar radiation fluctuation is extracted. Try to include many patterns. When the predicted amount of solar radiation is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the good / bad determining unit 431 determines that the weather is good (sunny sky with little variation in the amount of solar radiation) (S431N), and sets the time interval representing the instruction frequency to T and decreases the instruction frequency. Rough control can be executed. On the other hand, when the predicted solar radiation amount is less than the threshold value, the adversity determination unit 431 determines that the sky is bad (including many celestial patterns with large variations in solar radiation amount) (S431Y), and the time interval representing the instruction frequency is t. The frequency of instruction can be increased to enable fine control.

  In addition, you may set a boundary value so that cloudy weather with little fluctuation of solar radiation amount and other than that may be distinguished. In this case, when the value is less than the boundary value (threshold value), only cloudy sky with a small amount of solar radiation fluctuation is extracted. Include a lot of cocoon patterns. In this case, when the predicted solar radiation amount is less than the threshold value, the preference determination unit determines that the sky is bad (cloudy weather with little variation in the amount of solar radiation), and sets the time interval indicating the instruction frequency to T and reduces the instruction frequency to be rough. Can be executed. On the other hand, when the predicted solar radiation amount is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the good / bad determination unit determines that the sky is good (including many celestial patterns with large variations in solar radiation), and sets the time interval indicating the instruction frequency to t. Higher and finer control is possible.

  It is also possible to use the power generation amount prediction value and the cloud amount described above for judgment of good weather and bad weather. When the cloud amount is used, the weather prediction unit 12 is changed to the weather prediction unit 32. A cloud amount as a boundary value between good weather and bad weather is set in the threshold storage unit 432 in advance. In this case, the preference determination unit 431 determines that the sky is good when the cloud amount prediction value is less than the threshold, and sets T as the time interval representing the instruction frequency. On the other hand, the preference determination unit 431 determines that the sky is bad when the cloud amount prediction value is equal to or greater than the threshold (S431Y), and sets a time interval representing the instruction frequency to t.

  In addition, it becomes possible to perform control suitable for the environment where the solar cell 94 is installed by setting the threshold value according to the natural characteristics of the area where the solar cell 94 is installed and the change of the season. For example, in areas with a lot of sunny weather, a threshold is set so that clear weather with little fluctuation in solar radiation can be extracted, and in areas with a lot of bad weather, cloudy weather (rainy weather) with little fluctuation in solar radiation can be extracted. What is necessary is just to set a threshold value.

  As described above, according to the control device 4 of the present embodiment, by using a simple judgment flow of good weather / bad weather, an optimal operation plan is set so that an appropriate instruction frequency is obtained according to the degree of weather fluctuation. Since it can create, the charging / discharging amount of a storage battery can be controlled appropriately with a small calculation amount.

  Hereinafter, the control device 5 according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 19, 20, and 21. FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 5 of this embodiment. FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the instruction frequency determination unit 53 of the control device 5 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 5 of this embodiment. The control device 5 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that an optimum operation plan is created based on whether or not there is a time zone in which the predicted power generation amount exceeds the load power, and other processes are performed. This is the same as the control device 2 of Example 2. The difference between the control device 5 of the present embodiment and the control device 2 of the second embodiment is that the instruction frequency determining unit 23 and the optimization unit 14 in the control device 2 of the first embodiment are instructed by the control device 5 of the present embodiment. The only difference is the frequency determination unit 53 and the optimization unit 54.

  As illustrated in FIG. 20, the instruction frequency determination unit 53 includes an overload determination unit 531 and a load storage unit 532. As shown in FIG. 21, steps S121, S122, and S223 are executed in the same manner as in the second embodiment. The overload determination unit 531 determines the charge / discharge control instruction frequency of the storage battery 92 based on the comparison result between the predicted power generation amount and the power consumption of the load 95 (S531). More specifically, when there is a time zone in which the power generation amount predicted value exceeds the power consumption of the load 95 (S531N), the overload determination unit 531 sets the time interval representing the instruction frequency as a predetermined condition. The predetermined condition is a condition of an instruction frequency such that a time zone in which the predicted power generation amount exceeds the load power consumption is not divided. A supplementary explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 22A is a diagram illustrating an example of a time period in which the predicted power generation amount exceeds the load power consumption. FIG. 22B is an initial operation plan in which the instruction frequency is set so as not to divide the time period in which the predicted power generation value exceeds the load power consumption. It is a figure which shows an example. For example, as indicated by hatched hatching in FIG. 22A, the predicted power generation amount often exceeds the load power consumption in the time zone S1 from 8:00 to 15:00 during fine weather. The overload determination unit 531 determines the instruction frequency under such a condition that the time period of S1 is not divided. For example, when the time interval representing the instruction frequency is 8 hours as shown in FIG. 22B, the time zone of S1 is not divided. Therefore, in this example, since it is possible to create an optimal operation plan so that a charge instruction is given at 8 o'clock and a discharge instruction is given at 16:00, the frequency of the indication is taken into account the characteristics of daylight hours in fine weather. Can be set, which is preferable.

  On the other hand, when the power consumption of the load 95 always exceeds the predicted power generation amount (S531Y), the overload determination unit 531 does not output the instruction frequency. In the case of S531N, the optimization unit 54 creates an initial operation plan of the storage battery having an instruction value for the charge / discharge amount at each time interval satisfying the above-described predetermined condition (S54A). On the other hand, in the case of S531Y, the optimization unit 54 creates a previously created operation plan (for rainy / cloudy weather) (S54B). The optimization in step S14C is the same as described above, but since the operation plan (for rainy weather / cloudy weather) prepared in advance is used when passing through steps S531Y-S54B, S14C is not executed.

  As described above, according to the control device 5 of the present embodiment, when there is a time zone in which the predicted power generation amount exceeds the load power, an appropriate instruction frequency is obtained in consideration of the characteristics of the daylight hours in fine weather. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately control the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery with a small amount of calculation.

  Hereinafter, the control device 6 according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24. FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 6 of this embodiment. FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 6 of this embodiment. The control device 6 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the amount of calculation is further reduced than that of the control device 1 of the first embodiment by using an operation plan created in advance when the amount of solar radiation is small. Other processes are the same as those of the control device 1 of the first embodiment. The difference between the control device 6 of the present embodiment and the control device 1 of the first embodiment is that the optimization unit 14 in the control device 1 of the first embodiment is changed to the optimization unit 64 in the control device 6 of the present embodiment. It is only a point. As shown in FIG. 24, steps S121, S122, S131, S14B, and S14C are executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. In the case of S131N, the optimizing unit 64 selects a driving plan that is suitable for a case where there are few weather fluctuations created in advance (S64A). Therefore, in the case of S131N, since the optimization process can be omitted, the amount of calculation can be further reduced.

[Modification 1]
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 25, a control device 6 ′ according to a modification of the sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 6 ′ of the first modification. Although not shown, the control device 6 ′ of the present modification includes an optimization unit 64 ′. Since the other components are the same as those in the sixth embodiment, description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 25, in the case of S131N, the optimization unit 64 ′ determines whether the weather is good weather or bad weather from the predicted amount of solar radiation, and the determination result is good weather (S64BN). ), An operation plan prepared in advance when the weather fluctuation is small and the weather is fine is selected (S64C). On the other hand, when the determination result is bad weather (S64BY), the optimization unit 64 ′ selects a driving plan that is prepared in advance and is suitable for the case of bad weather (S64D). In the case of S131Y, the optimization unit 64 ′ does not make a judgment of good weather / bad weather and operates in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment. Step S64B is not limited to two types of good weather / bad weather. The optimization unit 64 ′ may determine which one of three or more types of weather patterns such as sunny weather 1, sunny weather 2, cloudy weather 1 and cloudy weather 2 corresponds to the predicted amount of solar radiation.

  As described above, according to the control devices 6 and 6 ′ of the present embodiment and its modified examples, by using the operation plan created in advance when the variation in the amount of solar radiation is small, the control device 1 of the first embodiment is used. Furthermore, the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery can be appropriately controlled with a small amount of calculation.

  Hereinafter, the green base station according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27. FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the green base station 1000 of the present embodiment. FIG. 27 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the green base station 2000 according to the first modification of the present embodiment. The green base station 1000 of the present embodiment uses a load 95 as a radio base station, collects all of the storage battery 92, solar battery 94, load 95, and controller 96 in one place, and does not use a network such as the network 8 but only a local configuration. It is an example. Thereby, the influence of the control reaction by the network can be eliminated.

[Modification 2]
As a modified example of the above-mentioned green base station, the green base station 2000 may be configured to include the weather sensor 91 and the control devices 1 to 6 of the first to sixth embodiments. Since the green base station 2000 includes the dedicated weather sensor 91, pinpoint weather data around the green base station 2000 can be acquired, and highly accurate prediction can be performed.

<Effect of the present invention>
Hereinafter, the calculation amount reduction effect of the present invention will be considered. For example, considering an example in which an operation plan for one day is calculated with the power supplied for 24 hours per hour, in step S14A of the first embodiment, when the time interval T = 6 hours indicating the instruction frequency, the amount of calculation is It can be reduced to 1/6. Further, in the sixth embodiment, since the operation plan prepared in advance in step S64A is selected, in this case, if the calculation is performed once at the beginning, then the operation plan is simply selected. The amount of calculation per time is the same, but thereafter the amount of calculation can be reduced to zero. Taking Kanagawa Prefecture as an example, the JMA data shows that the annual sunny day is about 35 days, the rainy day is about 110 days, and the rainy day is about 50 days. If it thinks, the number of days will be about 40% of the year. If we consider sunny days and rainy days as days with little variation in solar radiation, the number of days is about 23% of the year. From the above, if the reduction rate is estimated, the calculation amount is reduced by about 33% when the time interval T = 6 hours representing the instruction frequency in step S14A of Example 1 (6 hour units, selection of wet days) Or about 19% reduction (6 hour unit, rainy day selection). In addition, when an operation plan prepared in advance as in step S64A of the sixth embodiment is selected, the calculation amount is reduced by about 40% (selection of wet days) or by about 23% (selection of wet days).

  The various processes described above are not only executed in time series according to the description, but may also be executed in parallel or individually as required by the processing capability of the apparatus that executes the processes. Needless to say, other modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  Further, when the above-described configuration is realized by a computer, processing contents of functions that each device should have are described by a program. The processing functions are realized on the computer by executing the program on the computer.

  The program describing the processing contents can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium. As the computer-readable recording medium, for example, any recording medium such as a magnetic recording device, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, and a semiconductor memory may be used.

  The program is distributed by selling, transferring, or lending a portable recording medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM in which the program is recorded. Furthermore, the program may be distributed by storing the program in a storage device of the server computer and transferring the program from the server computer to another computer via a network.

  A computer that executes such a program first stores, for example, a program recorded on a portable recording medium or a program transferred from a server computer in its own storage device. When executing the process, the computer reads a program stored in its own recording medium and executes a process according to the read program. As another execution form of the program, the computer may directly read the program from a portable recording medium and execute processing according to the program, and the program is transferred from the server computer to the computer. Each time, the processing according to the received program may be executed sequentially. Also, the program is not transferred from the server computer to the computer, and the above-described processing is executed by a so-called ASP (Application Service Provider) type service that realizes the processing function only by the execution instruction and result acquisition. It is good.

  Note that the program in this embodiment includes information that is used for processing by an electronic computer and that conforms to the program (data that is not a direct command to the computer but has a property that defines the processing of the computer). In this embodiment, the present apparatus is configured by executing a predetermined program on a computer. However, at least a part of these processing contents may be realized by hardware.

Claims (8)

In a storage battery, a commercial power system, and a system that supplies power to a load from a solar battery, a control device that controls the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery,
A weather prediction unit that acquires predicted values of parameters relating to sunshine based on weather data acquired from a weather sensor;
An instruction frequency determining unit that determines an instruction frequency of charge / discharge control of the storage battery based on the predicted value;
An optimal operation plan is created by creating an initial operation plan of the storage battery having a charge / discharge amount instruction value for each time interval representing the instruction frequency, and evaluating the initial operation plan based on a predefined evaluation function And
Control device including. The control device according to claim 1,
The weather prediction unit
Obtain a solar radiation amount predicted value as a parameter relating to the sunshine,
The instruction frequency determination unit
The control apparatus which determines the instruction | indication frequency of the charging / discharging control of the said storage battery based on the frequency | count of inversion per predetermined time of the code | symbol of the differential value of the said solar radiation amount predicted value. The control device according to claim 1,
The weather prediction unit
Obtaining a predicted power generation amount of the solar cell as a parameter relating to the sunshine,
The instruction frequency determination unit
The control apparatus which determines the instruction | indication frequency of the charging / discharging control of the said storage battery based on the frequency | count of inversion per predetermined time of the code | symbol of the differential value of the said electric power generation predicted value. The control device according to claim 1,
The weather prediction unit
Obtain a cloud cover value as a parameter for the sunshine,
The instruction frequency determination unit
The control apparatus which determines the instruction | indication frequency of the charging / discharging control of the said storage battery based on the said cloud cover predicted value. The control device according to claim 1,
The instruction frequency determination unit
The control apparatus which determines whether the weather is favorable weather or bad weather from the parameter regarding the said sunshine, and determines the instruction | indication frequency of the charging / discharging control of the said storage battery based on the said determination result. The control device according to claim 1,
The weather prediction unit
Obtaining a predicted power generation amount of the solar cell as a parameter relating to the sunshine,
The instruction frequency determination unit
The control apparatus which determines the instruction | indication frequency of the charge / discharge control of the said storage battery based on the comparison result of the said electric power generation amount predicted value and predetermined | prescribed load electric power. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The optimization unit is
A control device that uses a predetermined operation plan as the optimum operation plan when the instruction frequency satisfies a predetermined condition.   The program for functioning a computer as a control apparatus in any one of Claim 1-7.

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