JP6023369B1 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to make a separated solid separated by centrifugation difficult to touch a residual liquid and collect the separated solid in a solid state. A casing and a casing accommodated in the casing and rotated around a rotating shaft extending in a vertical direction to centrifuge a liquid to be treated into a separated solid and a separated liquid, and a deposit amount of the separated solid is increased. When it reaches a predetermined amount, it is decelerated and stopped, and a bowl-shaped centrifuge having a bowl in which the accumulated separated solid matter is dropped and discharged, and a storage part for temporarily storing the separated solid matter dropped and discharged from the bowl. In the separator, the lower end of the bowl forms a discharge port for separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl, and the lower end is inclined so that the lower end side is closer to the rotating shaft side than the upper end side. The bowl has a taper portion, and is dropped and discharged from the bowl on the inner side surface of the casing while the bowl is decelerated, and the bowl moves on the outer peripheral surface of the taper portion toward the inner side surface of the casing. Collection recesses for collecting the residual liquid to move by centrifugal force, characterized in that it is formed in plan view ring. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a bowl-shaped centrifuge that performs centrifugation using a bowl that rotates about a vertical rotation axis.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a centrifugal separator that performs centrifugal separation using a bowl that rotates about a vertical rotation shaft is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the conventional centrifugal separator described above, the separated solid matter accumulated in the bowl accommodated in the casing is discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the bowl, and the separation liquid is discharged from the discharge port formed on the side surface of the casing. In recent years, it has been demanded to collect a separated solid in a solid state without mixing it with a separation liquid or the like.

International Publication WO2010 / 084782

  Here, since the discharge processing of the separated solids is performed in a state where the bowl rotating at high speed is stopped, it is necessary to stop the bowl prior to the discharge processing. On the other hand, since the residual liquid that has not been separated by the single centrifugation remains in the bowl, when the bowl is stopped to discharge the separated solids, the residual liquid flows out of the bowl and flows into the casing. Water falls on the bottom.

  In the continuous batch type centrifugal separator, the centrifugal separation is performed a plurality of times, and the separated solid matter is collected after the separated solid matter is accumulated to some extent on the bottom surface of the casing. Accordingly, when the bowl is stopped, the residual liquid may fall and be mixed with the separated solid matter temporarily stored on the bottom surface of the casing.

  Although the method of heat-processing the separated solid substance mixed with the residual liquid and returning to the state of a solid substance is also considered, costs, such as a heat source, increase. Another possible method is to collect the separated solids every time the centrifugation is completed, but it is necessary to collect the residual liquid and separated solids that fall alternately on the bottom of the casing. It gets complicated.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make the separated solid matter that has been centrifuged difficult to touch the residual liquid and to collect the separated solid matter in a solid state. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a centrifugal separator according to the present invention includes (1) a casing and a casing that is accommodated in the casing and rotates around a rotation axis extending in a vertical direction to separate a liquid to be treated and a separated liquid. When the accumulated amount of the separated solids reaches a predetermined amount, it is decelerated and stopped, and the separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl are temporarily stopped. A bowl-shaped centrifuge having a storage section for storing the liquid, wherein the lower end of the bowl forms a discharge port for separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl, and the lower end side is higher than the upper end side. Also has an annular tapered portion that is inclined so as to be close to the rotating shaft side, and is discharged from the discharge port of the bowl during deceleration of the bowl on the inner side surface of the casing. of Collection recesses for collecting the residual liquid that has been paid out by centrifugal force of the bowl on the circumferential surface toward the inner surface of the casing, characterized in that it is formed in plan view ring.

  (2) The tapered portion includes a fixing portion extending in a horizontal direction at an upper end portion, and the fixing portion is detachably attached to a lower end portion of the main body portion of the bowl ( The centrifugal separator according to 1).

  (3) The recovery recess includes a vertical wall portion that extends annularly along the inner side surface of the casing, and a bottom wall portion that connects the vertical wall portion and the inner side surface of the casing. The upper end portion of the wall portion is provided above the lower end portion of the tapered portion and at a position lower than the lower end portion of the fixed portion. Centrifugal device.

  (4) The centrifugal separator according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein an inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the tapered portion with respect to a horizontal direction is not less than 30 ° and not more than 60 °.

  (5) The bottom surface of the casing is inclined from one end side to the other end side in the radial direction of the bowl, and the storage portion has a wall portion rising from the bottom surface of the casing arranged in an arc shape in a plan view. The centrifugal separator according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the downstream end portion in the tilt direction of the bottom surface is opened.

  (6) It has a controller which controls the speed of the bowl, and the controller performs the process of decreasing the deceleration gradient at least once during the deceleration of the bowl. (1) to (5) The centrifuge according to any one of them.

  (7) The centrifuge according to (6), wherein the controller performs a process of reducing the deceleration gradient of the bowl to 0 and operating the bowl at a constant speed at least once.

  The control method of the centrifugal separator according to the present invention is as follows: (8) A casing, and the liquid to be processed is centrifuged into a separated solid and a separated liquid by rotating around a rotating shaft that is accommodated in the casing and extends in the vertical direction. At the same time, when the accumulated amount of the separated solids reaches a predetermined amount, it is decelerated and stopped, and the separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl are temporarily stored. A lower end portion of the bowl, and a discharge port for the separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl. The lower end side is inclined so that the lower end side is closer to the rotating shaft side than the upper end side. An annular taper portion is provided, and the inner side surface of the casing is dropped and discharged from the outlet of the bowl during deceleration of the bowl, and the inner side surface of the casing is on the outer peripheral surface of the taper portion. In A method of controlling a centrifugal separator in which a recovery recess for recovering residual liquid dispensed by the centrifugal force of the bowl is formed in an annular shape in a plan view, wherein the process of reducing the deceleration gradient during deceleration of the bowl is performed at least once. It is characterized by carrying out.

  According to the present invention, the separated solid matter that has been centrifuged can be made difficult to touch the residual liquid, and the separated solid matter can be recovered in a solid state.

It is the schematic explaining the structure of the centrifuge apparatus by 1st Embodiment. It is the enlarged view of FIG. 1 which expanded the lower part of the casing. FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing of the centrifuge which shows the state immediately after stopping supply of a to-be-processed liquid. It is the graph which showed typically the change of the centrifugal force at the time of stopping a bowl. It is the enlarged view of the taper part which showed typically the behavior of the residual liquid at the time of centrifugal force fall. It is the enlarged view to which the lower part of the casing was expanded (2nd Embodiment). It is E arrow line view of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the centrifugal separator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 in which the lower part of the casing is enlarged. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG. The centrifuge 1 centrifuges the liquid to be processed, which is the object of the centrifuge process, and separates it into a separated liquid and a separated solid. The liquid to be treated is, for example, baker's yeast, baking soda, ink, cacao mass, chicken bone mince and fish bun mixture, beef pork mince, tea leaves, cross-linked acrylic polymer, collagen, cereal (rice, barley, etc.) saccharified liquid, vegetable pigment It may contain either an extract or an aqueous ink.

  In addition, in the centrifuge according to the present embodiment, when the liquid to be treated includes a plurality of types of liquids having different specific gravities, a light liquid with a low specific gravity, a heavy liquid with a high specific gravity, and a separated solid 3 It is also possible to separate them into two.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the centrifugal separator 1 of the present embodiment has a structure in which, for example, a bowl-shaped centrifugal separator body 3 is attached to a frame 2 provided on a base 11. it can. The base 11 and the frame 2 can be provided integrally.

  A main body driving motor 71 is installed on the left end side of the upper portion of the frame 2. The main body driving motor 71 generates energy for rotating the bowl 5 accommodated in the casing 4. That is, the main body driving motor 71 has a pulley 710 attached to the driving shaft, and transmits the rotational driving force of the main body driving motor 71 to the bowl 5 via the driving belt 711 laid over the pulley 710. Can do. The main body driving motor 71 is inverter-controlled by the controller 7. Therefore, the controller 7 can vary the speed of the bowl 5 by controlling the frequency of the main body driving motor 71.

  The wing drive motor 73 is driven when positioning the bowl 5 and the wing 6 to be described later and when discharging the separated solid matter. The wing drive motor 73 is attached to the upper portion of the frame 2 via the support member 244 via the cylinder 241 so that the drive shaft is positioned coaxially with the rotation shaft 62 of the wing 6 described later. Here, the drive shaft of the wing drive motor 73 is positioned below the wing drive motor 73 and is disposed so as to face the upper end of the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6. The distal end of the drive shaft of the wing drive motor 73 and the upper end of the rotary shaft 62 of the wing 6 have a coupler structure that engages by moving in a direction close to each other.

  The cylinder 241 moves the wing driving motor 73 in the up / down direction with respect to the frame 2 and moves the position of the wing 6 in the up / down direction. The brake 243 comes into contact with the upper part of the rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5 and stops the rotation of the bowl 5.

  The centrifugal separator main body 3 includes a casing 4, a bowl 5, and a wing 6.

(About casing 4)
The casing 4 is attached to the frame 2 via a support member 244, and includes a heavy liquid discharge part 43, a discharge nozzle 44, and a light liquid discharge part 25. The heavy liquid discharge part 43 protrudes toward the outside of the casing 4 and is used to discharge the heavy liquid obtained by centrifuging the liquid to be processed. The discharge nozzle 44 is used for overflowing the cleaning liquid when the inside of the casing 4 is washed with sealed water. The light liquid discharge unit 25 is formed on the support member 244 and is used to discharge the light liquid obtained by centrifuging the liquid to be processed.

  A bottom surface portion 47 (corresponding to a storage portion) of the casing 4 is inclined from one end side to the other end side in the radial direction of the bowl 5, and the separated solid matter discharged from the bowl 5 is temporarily stored. The The bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 extends toward a protruding discharge port 48 that protrudes from the lower end portion of the side surface of the casing 4. A lid 41 is detachably attached to the protruding discharge port 48. By removing the lid 41, the protruding discharge port 48 is opened, and the separated solid matter stored in the bottom surface portion 47 can be taken out of the casing 4.

  The process of taking out the separated solid matter outside the casing 4 is performed after the centrifugal separation treatment is performed a plurality of times and the storage amount of the separated solid matter reaches a predetermined amount. Therefore, the separated solid matter is always stored in the bottom surface portion 47 during the other centrifugal separations except for the first centrifugation immediately after the separated solid matter is taken out. On the inner surface of the casing 4, an accommodation recess 45 is formed in an annular shape in plan view. Details of the housing recess 45 will be described later.

  The bowl 5 is accommodated in the casing 4 while being supported by the support member 244. The bowl 5 includes a bowl body 51, a tapered portion 510, and a rotation shaft 52. The bowl body 51 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape that is smaller than the casing 4, and the liquid to be processed is supplied from a supply pipe 42 disposed inside the casing 4.

  The tapered portion 510 is formed in an annular shape with the rotation axis 52 of the bowl 5 as a central axis, and includes an inner tapered surface 5101, a vertical surface 5102, a horizontal surface 5103, and an outer tapered surface 5104. The inner tapered surface 5101 is formed on the inner side of the bowl 5, and is formed so that the diameter decreases as it goes downward. The vertical surface 5102 is connected to the lower end portion of the inner tapered surface 5101 and extends in the vertical direction. The horizontal surface 5103 is formed at a position connecting the lower end portion of the vertical surface 5102 and the lower end portion of the outer tapered surface 5104, and extends in the radial direction of the bowl 5. The outer tapered surface 5104 is formed on the outer side of the bowl 5, and is formed so that the diameter is reduced toward the lower side. The angle β of the outer tapered surface 5104 with respect to the horizontal direction is slightly smaller than the angle of the inner tapered surface 5101 with respect to the horizontal direction, and is preferably 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less. When the angle β decreases to less than 30 °, the taper portion 510 may hinder the operation of discharging the separated solid matter. When the angle β exceeds 60 °, the bottom shape of the bowl 5 becomes longer in the vertical direction, which is not practical in production. Although details will be described later, by providing the taper portion 510, an effect of discharging the residual liquid toward the side surface of the casing 4 is obtained, and the discharge of the separated solid matter is facilitated.

  A gap is formed between the inner tapered surface 5101 of the tapered portion 510 and the wing 6. A hole 510 a (corresponding to a discharge port for separated solids) is formed at the lower end of the tapered portion 510 by the vertical surface 5102 of the tapered portion 510. The separated solids and the residual liquid can be discharged to the bowl 5 through these gaps and holes 510a.

  A fixed portion 510 b is formed on the upper portion of the tapered portion 510, and the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510 b is connected to the outer tapered surface 5104 of the tapered portion 510 and extends in the radial direction of the bowl 5. The tapered portion 510 is fixed to the bowl body 51 by fastening a fastening member 510c (not shown in FIG. 1) such as a bolt to the bottom surface of the fixing portion 510b. The fastening member 510c is preferably provided so as not to protrude from the bottom surface of the fixing portion 510b. As a result, the outer tapered surface 5104 of the tapered portion 510a and the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510b connected to the tapered portion 510a are each formed in a flat shape with few irregularities, so that the residual liquid described later can be discharged smoothly.

  The rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5 is integrally provided on the upper part of the bowl main body 51 and is rotatably supported by the support member 244 via the bearing mechanism 521.

  A hollow rotation support portion 520 is formed at the center of the rotation shaft 52 of the bowl 5 in order to support the wing 6 in a rotatable manner. In this way, the wing 6 rotates around the axis extending in the vertical direction in the bowl 5, and when the wing 6 rotates relative to the bowl 5 in a predetermined rotational direction, the separated solids in the bowl 5 are removed from the hole 510a. Transport toward

The configuration of the wing 6 will be specifically described.
As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the wing 6 has a structure in which a plurality of plate-like blade portions 621 to 623 protrudes outward in the rotational radial direction from a shaft member 610 serving as a rotation center. A main body 61 and a rotating shaft 62 provided coaxially with the shaft member 610 and projecting upward from the wing main body 61 are provided. The blade surfaces of the blade portions 621 to 623 are formed to be twisted in the clockwise direction when viewed from above. The wing 6 is rotatably supported with respect to the bowl 5 and the support member 244 by inserting the rotation shaft 62 into the rotation support portion 520 of the rotation shaft 52 of the bowl 5 described above.

  Each blade portion 621 to 623 of the wing 6 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the bowl 5 in order to be able to rotate relative to the bowl 5 inside the bowl 5.

  The shaft member 610 of the wing 6 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 615 for cleaning the blade surfaces of the blade portions 621 to 623 and the inner surface of the bowl 5. These nozzles 615 eject the cleaning liquid supplied from the cleaning liquid supply pipe 80 in the lateral direction, that is, toward the outer side in the rotational radial direction of the blade portions 621 to 623. Here, each nozzle 615 has a flat jet outlet and is jetted in such a manner that the supplied cleaning liquid is spread in a flat shape.

Furthermore, in the centrifugal separator 1, the wing 6 and the bowl 5 are made to have a predetermined phase around the rotation axis,
For example, an alignment mechanism for aligning at one location around the rotation axis is provided. In this alignment mechanism, a plurality of grooves and a plurality of protrusions fitted into the grooves are formed on the upper side of the rotating shafts 62 and 52 of the wing 6 and the bowl 5, and the rotating shafts 62 and 52 are relative to each other. When rotated, when each of the fitting portions is fitted to each of the corresponding groove portions, the wing 6 and the bowl 5 are in a predetermined angular position relationship about the rotation axis. It is structured to be aligned only by fitting.

  In this embodiment, the alignment mechanism is detachably provided on the upper end side of the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6 and the index ring 53 provided on the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5 and engages with the index ring 53. An inner ring 63, and a protrusion is formed on the index ring 53 side and a groove is formed on the inner ring 63 side.

  The inner ring 63 has a substantially planar annular shape whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the index ring 53, and a planar circular hole 631 for receiving the rotation shaft 62 of the wing 6 is formed at the center. Is done. The hole 631 is provided with a notch for fitting a positioning projection (not shown) provided on the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6. Further, the inner ring 63 has a shape in which a lower portion facing the index ring 53 projects outwardly by forming a flange portion 632 on the tip side. In the flange portion 632 of the inner ring 63, a number of groove portions corresponding to the protrusion portions of the index ring 53 are formed at positions corresponding to the protrusion portions.

  Further, between the index ring 53 and the inner ring 63, a coil spring 54 as a biasing means for biasing the inner ring 63 and thus the entire wing 6 upward is inserted into the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6. Be placed.

In the present embodiment having such a configuration, the inner ring 63 and the index ring are centered on the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6 while applying a force for pressing the inner ring 63 in the direction of the index ring 53 against the spring force of the coil spring 54. When the protrusion 53 (not shown) of the index ring 53 is inserted into a groove (not shown) of the inner ring 63 when the ring 53 is relatively rotated, the index ring 53 on the bowl 5 side and the inner ring on the wing 6 side are inserted. The ring 63 is engaged, whereby the bowl 5 and the blade portion 6 can rotate integrally around a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction.

  In addition, for example, by adopting a pattern engagement mechanism that does not engage unless a relationship of a specific angular position is established, such as the angular positions around the rotation axis of each of the protrusion and the groove are unequal intervals, A configuration in which the index ring 53 and the inner ring 63 can be engaged with each other only when a certain angular positional relationship is established can also be employed. When the centrifugal separation is carried out, the bowl 5 and the wing 6 are rotated together, and when the separated solid is discharged and washed, the bowl 5 and the wing 6 around the rotation axis when the relative rotation is stopped. The positional relationship does not always return to the position when it is integrally rotated. When performing high-speed rotation, for example, a slight imbalance caused by a manufacturing error may cause vibration, and stable high-speed rotation may not be performed. Therefore, for example, by performing a test or the like to grasp in advance the phase at which the vibration becomes the smallest, and by performing positioning at this phase every time when rotating together, positioning considering dynamic balance can be realized. it can.

  Next, the accommodation recess 45 will be described in detail. The housing recess 45 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape whose upper end is open, and includes a vertical wall portion 451, a bottom wall portion 452, and an inner surface of the casing 4. The vertical wall portion 451 is installed in a state where a gap is left with respect to the inner side surface of the casing 4. The bottom wall portion 452 is provided at a position connecting the lower end portion of the vertical wall portion 451 and the inner side surface of the casing 4.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a residual liquid main discharge port 46 that connects the housing recess 45 and the outside of the casing 4 is formed on the inner surface of the casing 4. The residual liquid main discharge port 46 is formed of a hose or the like. It is connected to a collection container (not shown) via a tubular member (not shown). The tubular member can be omitted. In this case, the residual liquid can be recovered by installing the recovery container at the position where the residual liquid falling from the residual liquid main discharge port 46 falls. The residual liquid main outlet 46 may be one or plural.

Here, the upper end portion of the vertical wall portion 451 of the housing recess 45 is disposed above the lower end portion of the taper portion 510 and below the bottom surface of the fixing portion 510 b of the taper portion 510. When the upper end portion of the vertical wall portion 451 is below the lower end portion of the taper portion 510, the residual liquid dispensed by centrifugal force collides with the inner surface of the casing 4 and rebounds and splashes without entering the housing recess 45. There is a risk. When the upper end portion of the vertical wall portion 451 is disposed above the bottom surface of the fixing portion 510b of the taper portion 510, the residual liquid discharged by centrifugal force along the bottom surface of the fixing portion 510b rotates the vertical wall portion 451. It collides with the outer surface on the shaft 52 side and is difficult to be recovered by the housing recess 45.
<Description of operation>
Hereinafter, each operation of the centrifugal separator 1 will be described.

(When centrifuging)
First, the basic operation of the centrifuge 1 when centrifuging the liquid to be treated will be described. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the entire wing 6 is positioned relatively upward by the urging force of the coil spring 54, and the bowl 5 and the wing 6 are in an engaged state in which they can rotate integrally. From this state, by moving the wing drive motor 73 downward by the cylinder 241, the tip of the drive shaft of the wing drive motor 73 and the upper end of the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6 are coupled and coupled by the coupler structure described above. The With this operation, the inner ring 63 that has been engaged with the index ring 53 is lowered relative to the index ring 53 as the wing drive motor 73 is lowered. As a result, the engagement between the inner ring 63 and the index ring 53 is released, and the wing 6 can rotate relative to the bowl 5.

Subsequently, an actuator (not shown) is driven so that the brake 243 is ON, that is, contacts the rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5. With this operation, the bowl 5 is fixed to the support member 244 and the casing 4. By driving the wing drive motor 73 from the fixed state of the bowl 5, the wing 6 as a whole rotates. At this time, the protruding portion of the index ring 53 is inserted into the groove portion of the inner ring 63 in the alignment mechanism described above, and the inner ring 63 and the index ring 53 are engaged at a predetermined position, so that the wing 6 and the bowl 5 The position (phase) around the axis is set to a positional relationship enabling high-speed rotation in consideration of the dynamic balance.

  Next, by retracting the wing drive motor 73 upward by the cylinder 241, the entire wing 6 is raised to a predetermined ascent position by the urging force of the coil spring 54, and the tip of the drive shaft of the wing drive motor 73 and the wing The coupling with the upper end of the rotary shaft 62 is released. At this time, the taper portion 511 of the bowl 5 and the blade portions 621 to 623 of the wing 6 may be brought into contact with and engaged with each other so that the wing 6 and the bowl 5 can be integrally rotated.

  Subsequently, the main body driving motor 71 is driven by the controller 7 from this state, and the liquid to be processed is supplied into the bowl 5 through the supply pipe 42 after a predetermined number of rotations is achieved. With this operation, the wing 6 and the bowl 5 are integrally rotated at a high speed (for example, clockwise when viewed from above), and solid-liquid separation work of the supplied liquid to be processed is started. Hereinafter, the bowl 5 and the wing 6 may be collectively referred to as a “rotating cylindrical body”. At the time of such high speed rotation, the rotational cylindrical body has a rotational speed and centrifugal force of about 10,000 rpm / 20000 G (20,000 G). As described above, the phase of the bowl 5 and the wing 6 takes into consideration the dynamic balance. It rotates together with the position.

  For this reason, in the centrifugal separator 1 of the present embodiment, as the rotational speed of the rotating cylindrical body becomes higher, the rotational motion is stabilized by the so-called gyro effect, which occurs at the time of centrifugal separation while having a cantilever support structure. It is possible to suppress the vibration that occurs. Furthermore, according to the centrifugal separator 1 of the present embodiment, the diameter of the bowl is larger than that of a conventional centrifugal separator having a double-supported structure in which vibration generated during centrifugation is absorbed by both the upper and lower bearings. Can be made relatively large in diameter.

  According to the centrifugal separator 1, when the liquid to be treated is centrifuged, the separated light liquid is discharged from the uppermost light liquid discharge section 25 by the action of a very large centrifugal force, and the heavy liquid is discharged below the heavy liquid. Each of the separated solids (cakes) discharged from the unit 43 and further separated is accumulated in the bowl 5.

  Then, when a predetermined amount (for example, about 10 liters) of separated solids accumulates in the bowl 5, the supply of the liquid to be treated is stopped and the bowl 5 is decelerated and stopped in order to scrape the separated solids, assuming that the centrifugal separation is finished. To perform the process. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal separator 1 showing a state immediately after the supply of the liquid to be processed is stopped, and the separated solids and the residual liquid accumulated in the bowl 5 are indicated by hatching. As shown in the figure, the separated solid matter centrifuged is deposited on the entire inner surface of the bowl 5, and the residual liquid is deposited on the radially inner surface of the separated solid matter.

(When collecting residual liquid)
With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, a method of recovering the residual liquid remaining in the bowl 5 in the storage recess 45 will be described. The graph of FIG. 5 schematically shows changes in centrifugal force when the bowl is stopped, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing the centrifugal force of the bowl. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the tapered portion schematically showing the behavior of the residual liquid when the centrifugal force is reduced.

  Referring to these drawings, when the centrifugal separation is completed at time T1, the controller 7 performs an inverter control of the main body driving motor 71 to perform a process of reducing the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 linearly. When the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 decreases, the residual liquid deposited on the separated solid gradually decreases and reaches the lower end portion of the vertical surface 5102 of the tapered portion 510. The residual liquid that has reached the lower end of the vertical surface 5102 moves on the horizontal surface 5103 by the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 and reaches the lower end of the outer tapered surface 5104.

  The behavior of the residual liquid that has reached the outer tapered surface 5104 will be described in detail. Assuming that the centrifugal force of the residual liquid acting in the radial direction of the bowl 5 is F, a component force of Fcosβ acts on the residual liquid in the upward oblique direction along the outer tapered surface 5104 and Fsinβ is perpendicular to the outer tapered surface 5104. The power of is working. On the other hand, since the gravity G acts on the residual liquid, a component force of Gsinβ acts along the outer taper surface 5104 in the downward oblique direction, and a component force of Gcosβ acts in the direction perpendicular to the outer taper surface 5104.

Here, unless the centrifugal force CF of the bowl 5 is excessively reduced, Fcosβ, which is a component of centrifugal force of the residual liquid, is larger than Gsinβ, which is a component of gravity of the residual liquid, and therefore is perpendicular to the residual liquid. Frictional force according to the drag acts in the downward direction.

  Unless the centrifugal force CF of the bowl 5 is excessively reduced, Fcos β, which is a component of centrifugal force acting on the residual liquid, is larger than the sum of Gsin β, which is a component of gravity acting on the residual liquid, and the friction force. The residual liquid proceeds in an upward oblique direction along the outer peripheral surface of the outer tapered surface 5104. The distance between the rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5 and the residual liquid is increased as it proceeds in the upward oblique direction, and the centrifugal force acting on the residual liquid becomes larger, so that the residual liquid further proceeds in the upward oblique direction and the fixing portion 510b Reach the bottom.

  Here, the adhesive force of the residual liquid adhering to the outer tapered surface 5104 is larger than the sum of Fsin β and G cos β, which are the centrifugal force and the gravitational force acting on the residual liquid, so that the residual liquid reaches the fixed portion 510b. It does not peel off from the outer tapered surface 5104 before.

  The residual liquid that has reached the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510b has a centrifugal force acting toward the inner side surface of the casing 4, and only a frictional force acts as a drag in the opposite direction (that is, the drag due to the gravitational force) The remaining liquid moves on the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510b in a direction away from the outer tapered surface 5104 and reaches the end portion of the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510b. The residual liquid that has reached the end of the bottom surface of the fixed portion 510 b is shaken off by the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 and collides with the inner surface of the casing 4. The residual liquid that has collided with the inner surface of the casing 4 falls into the housing recess 45.

  Through the above processing, the residual liquid remaining in the bowl 5 is gradually discharged from the bowl 5 and dropped into the housing recess 45 different from the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 and collected.

  At time T2, the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 is maintained at the centrifugal force CF2. If the bowl 5 is lowered at a constant deceleration rate until it stops, there is a risk that the residual liquid remaining in the bowl 5 will fall to the bottom surface portion 47 due to insufficient time for collecting the residual liquid in the receiving recess 45. is there. Therefore, by maintaining the centrifugal force for a certain period of time (that is, from time T2 to time T3) with the centrifugal force CF2 that can reliably obtain the effect of discharging the residual liquid in the horizontal direction, the residual liquid is collected in the housing recess 45. Sufficient time can be secured.

  In the present embodiment, the deceleration gradient is decreased to 0 at time T2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be decreased to a deceleration gradient exceeding 0. Note that reducing the deceleration gradient means reducing the gradient of the deceleration gradient. In addition, although the timing at which the deceleration gradient is decreased is only once at time T2, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be multiple times.

  Furthermore, when the amount of the residual liquid is small and the most of the residual liquid can be discharged in the horizontal direction even if the deceleration gradient until the bowl 5 stops is constant, the process of reducing the deceleration gradient is omitted. You can also.

  At time T3, the deceleration gradient of the bowl 5 is returned to the initial state (the state immediately after the start of deceleration) again, and the residual liquid processing is continued. At time T4, when the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 drops to CF3, the gravity component acting on the residual liquid becomes larger than the centrifugal force component acting on the residual liquid, so that the residual liquid falls toward the bottom surface portion 47. . In the present embodiment, since most of the residual liquid is collected in the housing recess 45 before the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 drops to CF3, the residual liquid that falls on the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 can be made very small. .

  A method for reducing the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 can be appropriately determined according to the size of the bowl 5, the type of the liquid to be treated, and the like. That is, in the present embodiment, the residual liquid is prevented from falling onto the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 by discharging the residual liquid in the horizontal direction with centrifugal force. The method for reducing the centrifugal force of the bowl 5 is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the size, the type of liquid to be treated, and the like. That is, it is possible to collect more residual liquid in the collection recess 45 by grasping in advance the speed reduction method of the bowl 5 that can obtain the above-described effects through experiments or simulations.

(When separated solids are discharged)
Next, a method for discharging the separated solid will be described.

  The wing driving motor 73 is lowered by the cylinder 241 from the above-described rotating cylinder stopped state (the state where the wing 6 is in a predetermined ascending position), and the driving shaft of the wing driving motor 73 and the rotating shaft 62 of the wing 6 are moved. Coupling.

  From this state, the wing drive motor 73 is further lowered by the cylinder 241 so that the wing 6 is lowered to a predetermined lowered position, and the engagement state between the groove portion of the inner ring 63 and the protrusion portion of the index ring 53 is released. The As a result, the wing 6 can rotate relative to the bowl 5.

  In the present embodiment, the bowl 5 and the bowl 5 are moved by moving the wing 6 to a predetermined raised position by a drive mechanism including a cylinder 241, a wing drive motor 73, an inner ring 63, an index ring 53, a coil spring 54, and the like. By rotating the wing 6 integrally and moving the wing 6 to a predetermined lowering position lower than the predetermined ascending position, the wing 6 rotates relative to the bowl 5 in a predetermined rotating direction. And / or at least one of the bowls 5 can be rotated.

  Next, the brake 243 is turned on by an actuator (not shown), and the rotating shaft 52 of the bowl 5 is fixed to the support member 244 and the casing 4. Thus, by driving the wing drive motor 73 from the state in which the bowl 5 is fixed so as not to rotate, only the wing 6 rotates in a predetermined direction (counterclockwise direction as viewed from above). As a result, the separated solid matter accumulated in the bowl 5 is scraped by the blade portions 621 to 623 of the wing 6, and falls from the hole portion 510 a of the bowl 5 to the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4.

As described above, according to the centrifugal separator 1 of the present embodiment, the separated solid matter generated during the centrifugal separation process and accumulated in the bowl 5 can be automatically discharged without removing the bowl 5 from the casing 4. Become.

  That is, the above-described operation of the centrifugal separator 1 can automatically discharge a relatively solid separated solid from the bowl 5, so that the time, cost, etc. required for the subsequent cleaning of the bowl 5 are performed. Is greatly reduced. Specifically, it is not necessary to remove the bowl 5 from the casing 4, and even when the bowl 5 is removed from the casing 4 depending on the type of liquid to be treated, maintenance, etc., and the bowl 5 is further washed. Time and cost to completion are greatly reduced. Therefore, for example, the time and cost until the completion of cleaning when food or chemicals are handled as the liquid to be treated are significantly reduced as compared with the conventional centrifugal separator.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the lower part of the casing corresponding to FIG. FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG. Elements having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the first embodiment, the storage portion is configured by the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4, but in this embodiment, the storage portion is configured by the bottom surface portion 47 and the storage wall portion 481. The storage wall portion 481 is configured by arranging a wall portion rising from the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 in an arc shape in plan view. In other words, the storage wall portion 481 is disposed in a U shape in plan view, and has a shape in which the downstream end portion in the inclined direction of the bottom surface portion 47 is opened. The separated solid matter discharged from the bowl 5 is temporarily stored in the bottom surface portion 47 inside the storage wall portion 481.

  The storage wall 481 is disposed outside the hole 510a of the bowl 5 in plan view. If the storage wall 481 is disposed inside the hole 510a of the bowl 5, the separated solid matter discharged from the hole 510a may leak to the outside of the storage wall 481.

  When residual liquid remains in the bowl 5 when the centrifugal force is reduced to CF 3, the residual liquid in the bowl 5 falls toward the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4. Then, the residual liquid that has fallen down flows along the bottom surface portion 47 of the casing 4 to the downstream side in the inclined direction. The storage wall portion 481 is disposed at a position that prevents the residual liquid flowing through the bottom surface portion 47 from coming into contact with the separated solid matter.

  In addition, if the height of the storage wall 481 is excessively low, the separated solid may get over the storage wall 481 or the residual liquid that has fallen on the bottom surface 47 may get over the storage wall 481 and come into contact with the separated solid. There is. On the other hand, if the height of the storage wall portion 481 becomes excessively high, there is a possibility that the remaining liquid that falls will collide with the inner surface of the storage wall portion 481 and contact the stored separated solid matter. Therefore, the storage wall 481 needs to be set to a height that considers these conditions.

  A residual liquid sub discharge port 49 is provided at the end of the bottom surface portion 47 on the downstream side in the inclination direction and in the direction orthogonal to the inclination direction. The residual liquid sub discharge port 49 is connected to a recovery container (not shown) via a tubular member (not shown) such as a hose. The tubular member can be omitted. In this case, the residual liquid can be recovered by installing the recovery container at the position where the residual liquid falls from the residual liquid sub-discharge port 49. The residual liquid sub-discharge port 49 may be one or plural.

  The residual liquid that has fallen into the bottom surface portion 47 reaches the downstream end of the bottom surface portion 47 without colliding with the outer peripheral surface of the storage wall portion 481, or after colliding with the outer peripheral surface of the storage wall portion 481, It reaches the downstream end of the bottom surface portion 47 along 481. The residual liquid that has reached the downstream end of the bottom surface portion 47 is discharged from the residual liquid sub discharge port 49.

  Thus, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, even when all of the residual liquid in the bowl 5 cannot be recovered before the centrifugal force is reduced to CF3, the residual liquid is prevented from being mixed with the separated solid matter. it can.

(Modification 1)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the separated solid matter accumulated in the bowl 5 is automatically discharged by the wing 6. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a scraper is inserted from the lower side of the bowl 5 and accumulated. It may be a method of scraping off the separated solid.

(Modification 2)
In each of the embodiments described above, the liquid to be treated is sprayed and fed from the lower side of the bowl 5, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is a method of feeding the liquid to be treated from the upper side of the bowl 5. May be.

  The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all respects and should not be interpreted in a limited manner. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the scope of claims, and is not restricted by the text of the specification. Further, all modifications, various improvements, alternatives and modifications belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are all within the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Centrifugal apparatus 2 Frame 244 Support member 241 Cylinder 243 Brake 3 Centrifugal apparatus main body 4 Casing 5 Bowl
510 taper portion 510a hole portion 510b fixing portion 510c fastening member 5101 inner taper surface 5102 vertical surface 5103 horizontal surface 5104 outer taper surface 52 rotating shaft 53 index ring 54 coil spring 7 controller 71 main body driving motor 73 wing driving motor

Claims (8)

A casing,
The inside of the casing is rotated around a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction to centrifuge the liquid to be treated into a separated solid and a separated liquid, and when the accumulated amount of the separated solid reaches a predetermined amount, the speed is reduced. A bowl in which the separated separated solids are dropped and discharged;
A storage unit for temporarily storing the separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl;
A vertical centrifuge having
The lower end portion of the bowl has an annular taper portion that forms a discharge port for separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl and is inclined so that the lower end side is closer to the rotating shaft side than the upper end side. And
The inner surface of the casing is discharged from the discharge port of the bowl during deceleration of the bowl, and is discharged on the outer peripheral surface of the tapered portion toward the inner surface of the casing by the centrifugal force of the bowl. A recovery recess for recovering the remaining liquid is formed in an annular shape in plan view,
The centrifuge is characterized in that the bowl has a different discharge port for discharging the separation liquid at a position different from the discharge port and above the discharge port.   The taper portion includes a fixing portion extending in a horizontal direction at an upper end portion, and the fixing portion is detachably attached to a lower end portion of a main body portion of the bowl. The centrifugal separator described. The recovery recess has a vertical wall portion extending annularly along the inner side surface of the casing, and a bottom wall portion connecting the vertical wall portion and the inner side surface of the casing,
The upper end portion of the vertical wall portion is provided at a position above the lower end portion of the tapered portion and below the lower end portion of the fixed portion. The centrifugal separator described.   The centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the tapered portion with respect to a horizontal direction is not less than 30 ° and not more than 60 °. The bottom surface of the casing is inclined from one end side to the other end side in the radial direction of the bowl,
The storage portion is configured by arranging a wall portion rising from a bottom surface of the casing in an arc shape in a plan view, and a downstream end portion in an inclined direction of the bottom surface is opened. The centrifuge according to any one of 1 to 4. A controller for controlling the speed of the bowl;
The centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the controller performs a process of reducing a deceleration gradient during deceleration of the bowl at least once.   The centrifuge according to claim 6, wherein the controller performs the process of reducing the deceleration gradient of the bowl to 0 and operating the bowl at a constant speed at least once. The casing and the casing accommodated in the casing rotate around a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction to centrifuge the liquid to be treated into the separated solid and the separated liquid, and the amount of the deposited separated solid reaches a predetermined amount. Then, it is decelerated and stopped, and has a bowl in which the accumulated separated solid matter is dropped and discharged, and a storage part for temporarily storing the separated solid matter dropped and discharged from the bowl, and at the lower end of the bowl Is formed with an outlet for the separated solids dropped and discharged from the bowl, and is provided with an annular taper portion inclined so that the lower end side is closer to the rotating shaft side than the upper end side. The inner surface is dropped and discharged from the outlet of the bowl during deceleration of the bowl, and discharged on the outer peripheral surface of the tapered portion toward the inner surface of the casing by the centrifugal force of the bowl. Collection recesses for collecting the residual liquid is formed in plan view ring, the bowl is a position different from the discharge port, and another outlet for discharging the separated liquid above the said outlet A control method of a centrifuge having
A method for controlling a centrifuge, wherein the process of reducing the deceleration gradient is performed at least once during the deceleration of the bowl.