JP6014886B2 - Wood drop-off prevention device and method for producing wood material subjected to node-off prevention treatment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for automatically and continuously detecting the position of a dead node or a living node of wood and fixing a new node dropping prevention agent to the detected portion, and a dead node or living node of wood. Continuous processing method and its implementation to detect added position and its diameter or size and prevent this from falling off, prevent falling or cracking or chipping of dead or living nodes during drying, and increase added value It is related with the apparatus suitable for.

  In manufacturing the plywood, as shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to cut the log 1 with a rotary lace device to make a veneer 2. This apparatus rotates about the center of the raw wood, and cuts the raw wood 1 with a cutting blade 3 like peeling a radish wig. The thin plate cut here is a single plate 2. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the veneer 2 has dead nodes 4 in which dead branches generated in the growth process of the raw wood remain in the material and living nodes 5 in which living branches remain in the material.

  One of the characteristics of wood is that it shows anisotropy in swelling and shrinkage. The order of the magnitude of swelling / shrinkage in the three structural directions of wood is tangential direction> radial direction> axial direction, and the ratio is 10: 5: 1 to 0.5. In the drying of a veneer, not only the tree species, the width direction (tangential direction) of the veneer contracts most greatly, and the contraction in the length direction (axial direction) is relatively small. Since the nodes also contract at a radial ratio, large gaps are opened in the upper and lower portions in the length direction (axial direction) in the dead nodes that are not in communication with the surrounding tissue (FIG. 4). Further, in a living node that is integrated with surrounding tissues, the node itself is pulled, and thus a large cleavage 6 may occur as shown in FIG.

  The raw veneer immediately after cutting the rotary lace device is rich in elasticity, and almost no dropout of the nodes is seen, but the veneer becomes harder as it passes through the drying device and the moisture content decreases, and the veneer veneer is affected by shrinkage anisotropy. In the width direction of the plate, it contracts and deforms so as to wave greatly, and at the same time the node itself contracts. The veneer dryer is sent to the veneer dryer with the metal rollers sandwiched between the top and bottom, and as the drying progresses, greater stress is applied. These factors combine to break the life and drop the death. The joint is treated as a defect in the interior plywood, and in the case of the plywood for the formwork and the baseboard plywood, it is not recognized that the surface plate is missing.

  For this reason, we currently collate and reattach sections that have been dropped by hand, or embed them with putty or stoppers if they cannot be collated, which takes a lot of time, reduces work efficiency, and hinders mass production. In addition to this, it has been a cause of cost increase, and there has been an urgent need for the development of a technology for preventing the drop of nodes.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-301202 JP-A-8-86626 JP-A-8-145914 JP-A-9-210785 JP 2005-345331 A JP 2009-154469 A

Forest Products Monthly Report, Issue 246 (July), 1972, Yoshio Nagahara, Hisayoshi Kurata, Fujikichi Suzuki

However, all of the descriptions in Patent Documents 1 to 5 are designed to repair defects by drilling and piercing the nodes and defect portions after automatic detection of the nodes and defects, or by the respective proposals. Although it is possible to detect defects and rehabilitate wood by detecting nodes and defects, drilling into the wood results in the disposal of that part of the wood, reducing yield and adding new buried materials. It was necessary to prepare, and the cost was high.
Further, since a great deal of time is required for the spot facing, the adhesive application, and the embedding work, the processing efficiency is low. Furthermore, since the repair marks appear on the surface, the beauty of the natural grain of the wood has been lost, making it unsuitable for the front panel of interior plywood.

  The description of Patent Document 6 describes a method for preventing drop-off by applying a node drop prevention agent on a single plate and drying, and is a known fact described in Non-Patent Document 1.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and wood that can be subjected to a drop-off prevention process in advance before a defect such as a knot of the wood is dropped or chipped off in a drying process. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for preventing dropout of wood and a method for preventing dropout of wood.

Means for Solving the Invention

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, as described in claim 1, the position and diameter or size of a dead node or a living node of wood is detected by an image information acquisition means , and the detected position signal Then, the coating device prepared in advance is moved to the coating height and coating position corresponding to the corresponding diameter calculated based on the diameter or size signal in the XYZ direction, and the dead or alive node of wood from the coating device. It is characterized by applying a node drop-off preventing agent around the center position of the wood to prevent the drop of wood nodes.

  Further, the surface of the wood according to claim 2 is irradiated with the lamp means and the image obtained from the reflected light or the back surface of the wood is irradiated with the lamp means and the image obtained from the transmitted light is taken from the surface. Image information acquisition means for acquiring image information, a recognition means for recognizing a dead node or a life node portion of the wood from the image information generated by the image information acquisition means, and detected by the recognition means The node dropping prevention agent applying means for applying the node dropping prevention agent to the dead node or living node portion of the wood, and the center position of the dead node or living node portion of the wood coincides with the center position of the node dropping prevention agent applying means. A means for moving the wood and the coating means is provided.

  Further, the surface of the wood according to claim 3 is irradiated with the lighting means, and the image obtained from the reflected light or the back surface of the wood is irradiated with the lighting means, and the image obtained from the transmitted light is taken from the surface. An image information acquisition step of acquiring image information, a recognition step of recognizing a dead node or a live node portion of the wood from the image information generated by the image information acquisition unit, and a detection unit The node dropping prevention agent applying step of applying the node dropping prevention agent to the dead node or living node portion of the wood coincides with the center position of the dead node or living node portion of the wood and the center position of the node dropping prevention agent applying means. A step of moving the wood and the coating means is provided.

Furthermore, in the means for moving the wood and the coating means according to claims 1 to 3 in the X, Y, and Z directions, even if the position of the target dead node or living part always moves, the target is sent. The present invention is characterized in that the function of applying the node dropping prevention agent by causing the application center position of the application means to follow the movement in the material direction is provided.

Further, the image information obtained by the image information acquisition means according to claims 1 to 3 is subjected to binarization processing with a preset threshold value, and from the obtained figure, a figure area, a circumscribed rectangle, a circumscribed rectangle, and A function that recognizes whether the figure is a node part or a part other than a node by calculating the area ratio with the figure and the aspect ratio of the circumscribed rectangle, and comparing each calculated value with a preset reference value Is provided as described in claim 5.

Furthermore, after applying a node dropping prevention agent to the dead or living node of wood described in claim 6, the node dropping prevention agent is irradiated with ultraviolet rays on the dead node or living node part coated with the node dropping prevention agent. It is characterized by a method of manufacturing a wood material that is manufactured by preventing the dropout of a node by quickly hardening the surface and joining the dead node or the living node with a single plate material surface .

  According to the present invention, the surface of a wood is imaged, and the size, position, etc. of a dead node or a live node existing on the surface of the wood are automatically recognized from the detected image information by image processing or the like, The optimal drop-off prevention process corresponding to the knot part is automatically performed, minimizing the amount of time spent re-installing the dropped knots and embedding with putty and plugs. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the node drop prevention processing, which enables mass production as well as cost reduction.

Side view for explaining the main configuration of the embodiment of the present invention Explanatory drawing showing the manufacturing method of veneer Explanatory diagram showing the death and life of a single board Explanatory drawing showing the dead node after veneer drying Explanatory drawing showing the life of the veneer after drying

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this wood drop-off prevention processing device is a timing belt conveyor 9 a, 9 b that accurately conveys the wood 8 without belt slip at a predetermined speed set by the driving force of the conveyor motor 7. A rotary encoder 10 that measures the amount of movement of the timing belt conveyors 9a and 9b, an inverter 11 that sets the speed of the conveyor motor 7, and a lower portion of the timing belt to prevent slipping of the wood 8 that is conveyed on the timing belt conveyor 9a. The lower roller 12 that feeds the wood 8 and the upper roller 13 that pressurizes with its own weight, the illumination device 14 that irradiates the surface of the wood 8, the illumination device 15 that irradiates the back surface of the wood 8, and the surface of the wood 8 The camera 16 to be imaged and a light shielding button that allows the camera 16 to take an image without being affected by disturbance light. A robot controller 19 that controls and controls each device including the image processing unit 18 that recognizes a dead node or a living node from the image information of the wood 8 captured by the camera 17 and the camera 16, and the timing belt conveyors 9a and 9b. And a node dropout prevention processing unit 20 for preventing the death of the wood 7 detected by the camera 16, the image processing unit 18, and the robot controller 19, and the dropout of the live knots, and the unit plate by irradiating with ultraviolet rays. It is mainly comprised from the hardening acceleration | stimulation apparatus (not shown) which hardens the drop-off prevention agent surface.

  The image processing unit 18 binarizes the image information of the surface of the wood 8 captured by the camera 16 with a predetermined threshold and performs image processing, and the surface of the wood 8 based on the result of the image processing. When a dead node or a live node is recognized, the calculation unit 22 calculates the center position of the detected defect, and the storage unit 23 stores the center position of the defect of the wood 8 calculated by the calculation unit 22. It is configured.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the node dropout prevention processing unit 20 includes an adhesive applicator 24 for applying a node dropout prevention agent to dead or live nodes of the wood 8 fed by the timing belt conveyors 9a and 9b. The adhesive applicator 24 is composed of an industrial robot 31 and a robot installation stand 25 which are positioned so as to move to the center position of the defect of the wood 8. In the present embodiment, an industrial robot is used for the node drop prevention processing unit. However, as long as the function can be implemented, an XY stage or an XYZ stage may be used.

  First, for example, a wood 8 having a length of 200 cm, a width of 105 cm, and a thickness of 0.3 cm is placed on the timing belt conveyor 9a. Next, when the timing belt conveyors 9a and 9b are driven via the conveyor motor 7, the conveyance of the wood 8 is started. The camera installed in the light shielding box captures an area of about 1000 mm × 450 mm on the surface of the wood per unit, and combines the image information captured by the two cameras to form an image processing unit of about 1000 mm × 900 mm. After the image processing is performed, the rearranged data is rearranged so that the recognized dead node or living node can be efficiently prevented from dropping out, and then transmitted to the robot controller. In this embodiment, imaging is performed using two cameras, but the number of cameras is not limited as long as a necessary resolution can be obtained.

  At this time, the surface of the wood 8 that is irradiated from above or below by the lamp device and captured as reflected or transmitted light is captured by video input of the camera 16. In the captured image of the surface of the wood 8, in the case of the reflected light irradiated from above, the dead node or the living node is darkened, and the other high quality parts are brightly imaged. On the other hand, in the case of transmitted light radiated from below, the life section is projected brightly, and the other parts are copied darkly.

  Thereafter, the image processing unit 18 performs binarization processing using a preset threshold value. Furthermore, because unnecessary pixels may be extracted in the binarization process due to the influence of the surface color, cracks, dirt, etc. or nodes may be divided, after performing expansion processing and degeneration processing as noise removal processing, The section of the node is extracted and the number, area, and graphic feature amount are calculated, and the graphic with a small number of pixels and the graphic with a large number of pixels are removed.

  Next, figure area, circumscribed rectangle, area ratio between circumscribed rectangle and figure, aspect ratio of circumscribed rectangle are calculated from the figure obtained, and the figure is compared with each calculated value and preset reference value. Recognizes whether the part is a node part or a part other than a node, the center of the circumscribed rectangle is taken as the coordinate value of the node, and the vertical dimension and the horizontal diameter of the circumscribed rectangle are compared with each other as the node size. In this way, by performing image processing on the image of the surface of the wood 8 for each imaging range of the camera 16, all dead limbs or live limbs existing in the wood 8 are detected.

  Further, these image processes are performed for each of the left and right cameras, and an offset value obtained in advance by calibration is added to the coordinate value obtained by the camera 16 to obtain integrated data.

  In addition, since the data order of the dead node or the live node obtained by the image processing unit is not the optimal data order for performing the dropout prevention process, the data of the data is set so that an efficient dropout prevention process path is obtained. Replace. In the present embodiment, the processing area is divided into three in the traveling direction, and the order of data is changed so that each divided area can be moved from left to right, right to left, and left to right.

  Thereafter, adhesion of the node drop-off prevention processing unit 20 including the adhesive material coating system 30 including the air compressor 26, the pressure regulator 27, the pressure feed pump 28, the electromagnetic valve 29, the adhesive material applicator 24, and the industrial robot 31. When the center position of the dead node or the life node enters the processing target range at the center of the material applicator 24, the robot controller 19 determines that the application center position of the adhesive material applicator 24 is the center of the dead node or the life node of the wood 6. The industrial robot 31 is positioned so as to come to the position, and the application height of the adhesive applicator 24 is determined so that the dead node or the living node of the wood 6 is covered.

  After positioning, a drop-off prevention agent is applied for a predetermined time from the adhesive applicator 24 at an application height that is large enough to cover the dead or alive nodes of the wood 8. These are signals from the robot controller 19. The application conditions are controlled by controlling the electromagnetic valve 29. As a result, the nodal drop prevention agent connects the dead node or the living node with the veneer surface, and prevents the dead node or the living node from falling off.

  Furthermore, in order to increase the processing capacity of the entire apparatus, the node drop prevention agent coating process is performed while the conveyor is continuously operated. This is a function of applying a node dropping prevention agent by causing the application center position of the adhesive applicator 24 to follow the target movement even if the target dead node or the position of the living node always moves. The movement of the conveyors 9a and 9b is detected by the rotary encoder 10, and the application center position of the adhesive applicator 24 is moved in synchronization therewith.

  Moreover, when these operations are not in time and a dead node or a living node part reaches the downstream side in the processing target range, the conveyor is temporarily stopped to perform the node drop prevention agent coating process.

  After applying the knot-off prevention agent, the wood is fed into the ultraviolet irradiation device. In the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus, ultraviolet rays are irradiated from above the wood to quickly cure the knot removal agent component.

1: Raw wood 2: Single plate 3: Cutting blade 4: Dead node 5: Live node 6: Cleavage 7: Conveyor motor 8: Wood 9a: Timing belt conveyor 9b: Timing belt conveyor 10: Rotary encoder 11: Inverter 12: Lower roller 13: Upper roller 14: Illuminating device 15 for illuminating the surface of wood 15: Illuminating device 16 for illuminating the back surface of wood 16: Camera 17: Shading box 18: Image processing unit 19: Robot controller 20: Node drop prevention processing unit 21: Image Application unit 22: Computing unit 23: Storage unit 24: Adhesive material applicator 25: Robot installation base 26: Air compressor 27: Pressure regulator 28: Pressure feed pump 29: Electromagnetic valve 30: Adhesive material application system 31: Industrial robot

Claims (6)

The position and diameter or size of the dead or living timber of the wood is detected by the image information acquisition means , and the application height and application position corresponding to the corresponding diameter calculated based on the detection position signal and the diameter or size signal are obtained. A method for preventing the dropping of a wood node, characterized in that a coating means prepared in advance is moved in the X, Y, and Z directions, and a node dropping prevention agent is applied from the coating means to a dead node or a living node of wood.
An image obtained by irradiating the surface of wood with the lamp means and obtaining the image information by capturing the image obtained from the reflected light, or irradiating the back surface of the wood with the lamp means and capturing the image obtained from the transmitted light from the surface. An information acquisition means; a recognition means for recognizing a dead node or a life node portion of the wood from the image information generated by the image information acquisition means; and a dead node or a life node of the wood detected by the recognition means. A node drop-off preventing agent applying means for applying a node drop-off preventing agent in an area and amount corresponding to the diameter or size of the node with respect to the center position of the portion, and the center position of the dead node or living node portion of the wood An apparatus for preventing drop-off of wood, comprising means for moving the wood and the application means in the XYZ directions so that the center positions of the drop-off prevention agent application means coincide with each other. Image information that obtains image information by illuminating the surface of wood with lamp means, illuminating the image obtained from reflected light or illuminating the back side of wood with lamp means, and capturing the image obtained from transmitted light from the surface An acquisition step, a recognition step of recognizing a dead node or a life node portion of the wood from the image information generated by the image information acquisition means, and a dead node or a life node portion of the wood detected by the recognition means A node dropping-out preventing agent applying step in which an area and amount of a node dropping-out preventing agent is applied in accordance with the diameter or size of the node, and the center position and the node of the dead node or living node of the wood. A method for preventing drop-off of wood, comprising the step of moving the wood and the application means in the XYZ directions so that the center positions of the drop-off prevention agent application means coincide with each other. In the means and step for moving the wood and the coating means according to claims 1 to 3 in the X, Y, and Z directions , the target position of the dead node or living part always moves in the feed direction. However, the wood drop-off prevention processing apparatus is provided with a function of applying the node drop-off preventing agent by causing the application center position of the application means to follow the target movement. The image information obtained by the image information acquisition means according to claim 1 is binarized by a preset threshold value, and from the obtained figure, a figure area, a circumscribed rectangle, a circumscribed rectangle The area ratio of the figure and the aspect ratio of the circumscribed rectangle are calculated, and the calculated value is compared with a preset reference value to recognize whether the figure is a node part or a part other than a node. Section recognition processing means characterized by the above. After applying a node drop prevention agent to the dead node or living node of wood, the surface of the node loss preventing agent is quickly cured by irradiating the dead node or living node part to which the node drop prevention agent has been applied with A method of manufacturing a wooden material that prevents the node from falling off by connecting the living knot and the veneer surface .

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