JP6007741B2 - Concentrating solar power generation module and concentrating solar power generation panel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a concentrating photovoltaic power generation (CPV: Concentrated Photovoltaic) that generates power by concentrating sunlight on a power generation element.

  In the concentrating solar power generation, a small compound semiconductor element with high power generation efficiency is used as a power generation element, and the structure in which sunlight condensed by a lens is incident on this is basically used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . A concentrating solar power generation module is configured by arranging a large number of such basic units in a matrix in a single housing. Further, a concentrating solar power generation panel in which a plurality of modules are arranged. By performing the tracking operation so that the concentrating solar power generation panel always faces the sun, desired generated power can be obtained.

  Since each module of the concentrating solar power generation panel is installed outdoors, it is in an environment where rainwater easily enters. When rainwater enters, power generation elements and circuits may be short-circuited. On the other hand, if the module is completely sealed to prevent rainwater from entering, the module may swell and be deformed / damaged when the inside becomes hot. In order to prevent deformation and breakage, if the thickness of the casing or the condensing glass is increased, the whole becomes heavy and handling becomes difficult. In addition, the material cost increases.

  Therefore, moderate ventilation is required while preventing rainwater from entering directly. When the air is ventilated, moist air also enters, so condensation may occur inside the lens and the lens may become cloudy, resulting in poor power generation efficiency. Thus, for example, in order to reduce the humidity of the air entering the interior, an example in which silica gel as a hygroscopic agent is provided at the air introduction portion has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,812 US Patent Application Publication US 2009/0126794

  However, silica gel cannot absorb moisture further when water absorption (moisture absorption) reaches saturation. Moreover, it is a difficult point in practical use that it is relatively expensive.

  In view of such conventional problems, the present invention provides a concentrating solar power generation module that suppresses fogging of the inner surface of the condensing part and can be used stably over a long period of time while introducing air therein. An object of the present invention is to provide a concentrating solar power generation panel that is an aggregate.

With respect to the present invention, the following technical features can be listed. However, the present invention is defined by the description of the scope of claims.
(1) The present invention is a concentrating solar power generation module in which a plurality of sets of lens elements that collect sunlight and power generation elements arranged at positions corresponding to the lens elements are assembled. A housing that houses a power generation element, and a light collecting unit that includes a plurality of the lens elements and covers the housing, the housing having an air inlet and an outlet, A water receiving part is formed in which condensed water generated on the inner surface is collected and stored.

  In the concentrating solar power generation module configured as described above, the water in the housing (condensation water) is condensed in the water receiving part, and the moisture in the housing is concentrated. The fogging of the inner surface of the light collecting part can be suppressed. In addition, the power generating element and its wiring do not get wet. The accumulated water eventually becomes steam and is discharged to the outside through the discharge port.

(2) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module of the above (1), it is preferable that the water receiving portion is formed along at least the inner surface of the housing.
When the concentrating solar power generation module was installed in the field, it was found that the sides of the housing (especially the left, right, and bottom) were relatively cold. Therefore, the inner side surface is likely to be attached with condensed water, and the water receiving portion formed along the inner side surface is suitable for storing condensed water.

(3) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module of (1), a passage for allowing air that has entered from the introduction port to pass along the inner side surface of the housing may be provided.
When the concentrating solar power generation module was installed in the field, it was found that the sides of the housing (especially the left, right, and bottom) were relatively cold. Therefore, dew condensation water is likely to be attached to the inner side surface, and by providing a passage through which air passes along the inner side surface, air can be positively brought into contact with the inner side surface and condensation can be promoted.

(4) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module of the above (2) or (3), the surface of the inner surface may be rougher than the other surface in the housing.
In this case, the surface roughness tends to be the core of condensation. Therefore, condensation tends to occur on the inner surface.

(5) In the concentrating solar power generation module of (3), a porous material may be enclosed in the passage.
In this case, the porous material also contributes to dew condensation in the passage.

(6) In the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (4), a filter in which a porous material is sandwiched between waterproof and moisture-permeable membranes can be attached to the inlet.
In this case, the filter does not pass water but passes gas. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering, discharge water vapor inside, and introduce outside air.

(7) Moreover, in the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (6), a reflection mechanism that reflects light that is not condensed on the power generation element toward the condensing unit is provided in the housing. It may be provided.
In this case, the light reflected by the reflection mechanism hits the inner surface of the condensing part and brings about a heat retaining effect. Therefore, clouding (condensation) of the lens element of the light collecting unit can be suppressed.

(8) In the concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of (1) to (7), an aluminum sash window frame may be used as the basic skeleton of the casing.
The window frame of the aluminum sash originally has a configuration that cools and condenses the air, and also includes a water receiving portion that collects and stores the dew condensation water, which is preferable.

(9) Moreover, the concentrating solar power generation panel of the present invention is configured by arranging a plurality of the concentrating solar power generation modules of (1) above.
With such a concentrating solar power generation panel, desired power can be obtained.

  According to the concentrating solar power generation module of the present invention, while introducing air into the inside, it is possible to suppress fogging of the inner surface of the condensing part and stably use for a long period of time. The same applies to a concentrating solar power generation panel using the module.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of a concentrating solar power generation device containing the concentrating solar power generation panel comprised by arranging the concentrating solar power generation module which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view (a part of condensing part is fractured | ruptured) which expands and shows the concentrating solar power generation module which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which shows schematic shape of the housing | casing which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (a) is the perspective view seen near the right side, (b) is the perspective view seen near the left side. It is an enlarged view which shows the structure of a filter. It is sectional drawing of the frame in FIG. 3, (a) shows an AA line cross section, (b) shows a BB line cross section, (c) shows a CC line cross section, respectively. FIG. 6 is a surface enlarged view of an inner surface in FIG. 5 when a rough surface finish is employed. It is the perspective view which shows an example of the schematic shape of the housing | casing which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, (a) is the perspective view seen near the right side, (b) is the perspective view seen near the left side. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the IX-IX sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a figure similar to FIG. 8 about the housing | casing which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a figure which shows a part of XZ cross section or YZ cross section about the housing | casing which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

《Concentrated solar power generation device / Concentrated solar power generation panel》
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation apparatus including a concentrating solar power generation panel configured by arranging concentrating solar power generation modules according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a concentrating solar power generation apparatus 100 includes a concentrating solar power generation panel 1, a support 2 that supports the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 at the center of the back surface, and a gantry 3 to which the support 2 is attached. The illustrated concentrating solar power generation panel 1 includes, for example, 62 (vertical 7 × horizontal 9-1) concentrating solar power generation modules 1M, excluding the central portion for connection with the support column 2, vertically and horizontally. Let me. The rated output of one concentrating solar power generation module 1M is about 120 W, for example, and the entire concentrating solar power generation panel 1 has a rated output of about 7.5 kW. The gantry 3 can be rotated around the column 2 by a rotation mechanism (not shown), and the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 can be tracked so as to always face the sun.

《Concentrated solar power generation module》
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a concentrating solar power generation module (hereinafter also simply referred to as a module) 1M according to an embodiment of the present invention (a part of the condensing unit 13 is broken). ). In the figure, a module 1M includes a casing 11, a printed wiring board 12 provided on a bottom plate 11B of the casing 11, and a light collecting unit that is attached to the upper end surface of the casing 11 like a lid and covers the casing 11. 13. Details of the structure of the housing 11 will be described later.

  The light condensing unit 13 is a Fresnel lens array, and a plurality of Fresnel lenses 13f as lens elements for condensing sunlight are formed in a matrix (for example, 192 in the length 16 × width 12). Each Fresnel lens 13f forms a square effective condensing region. Such a condensing part 13 can use a glass plate as a base material and a silicone resin film formed on the back surface (inner surface) thereof, for example. The Fresnel lens is formed on this resin film. A connector 14 for taking out the output of the module 1M is provided on the outer surface of the housing 11.

  The printed wiring board 12 has an elongated shape, and a plurality of power generation elements (solar cells) 121 and other necessary circuit elements are mounted on a flexible flexible printed circuit board 12s. For example, eight power generating elements 121 are mounted on one flexible printed board 12s in the vertical direction, and there are 24 flexible printed boards 12s as a whole. The total number of power generating elements 121 is 24 × 8, which is 192. That is, the number is the same as that of the Fresnel lens 13f of the light collecting unit 13, and the power generation element 121 is provided on the optical axis corresponding to the Fresnel lens 13f.

[First Embodiment of Housing]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a detailed structure of the housing 11 will be described.
3A and 3B are perspective views showing a schematic shape of the housing 11 according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 3A is a perspective view viewed from the right side, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view viewed from the left side. . The housing 11 includes a frame 11F and a bottom plate 11B. X, Y, and Z in the figure represent three-dimensional directions orthogonal to each other, and correspond to X, Y, and Z in FIG. The frame 11F is configured by, for example, joining four vertical and horizontal members that constitute the four sides thereof. As a material of the housing 11, for example, an aluminum alloy is suitable.

  For example, an air inlet 11a is formed in the lower portion of the left side surface of the frame 11F, and a filter 11q is attached to the inlet 11a. Further, an air discharge port 11b is formed in the upper part of the right side surface of the frame 11F, and a filter 11q is similarly attached to the discharge port 11b. The members constituting the four sides of the frame 11F are channel-shaped members whose inner surfaces are open. Therefore, the air that has entered from the introduction port 11a flows through the inside of the housing 11 and exits from the discharge port 11b. it can.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the structure of the filter 11q. The filter 11q has a three-layer structure in which a porous material 11q2 is sandwiched between two waterproof and moisture-permeable membranes 11q1. The porous material 11q2 is a material having air permeability and low specific heat. For example, glass wool is suitable. If the specific heat is low, it quickly follows the temperature change, so if the temperature drops, condensation will easily occur there. The waterproof and moisture permeable membrane 11q1 has a property of not allowing water to pass through and allowing gas (air, water vapor) to pass therethrough.

  When high-humidity air passes through the filter 11q, condensation occurs in the porous material 11q2 and is confined as water in the waterproof and moisture-permeable membrane 11q1. When the water in the waterproof and moisture permeable membrane 11q1 increases, aeration is stopped. If the temperature increases and the relative humidity decreases, the water will evaporate and go out. In this way, the filter 11q prevents high-humidity air from entering the housing 11. However, since some humid air enters the housing 11, the following structure is provided for this purpose.

  5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line AA, line BB, and line CC of the frame 11F in FIG. (A) is sectional drawing of the AA line | wire with a screw stop hole required when dividing the frame 11F into 4 sides and assembling each other, (b) and (c) are B without a screw stop hole, respectively. It is sectional drawing of a -B line and a CC line. This is only an example, and conversely, the AA line cross section is (b), the BB line cross section is (a), and the CC line cross section is a cross section symmetrical to (a). Also good. In FIG. 5A, the screw fixing holes 111 and 112 and their supporting arm portions 113 and 114 are continuous in the X direction. The screw stop holes 111 and 112 are screw holes using their end faces.

In the lower part of the frame 11F, a water receiving part G1 such as “樋” continuous in the X direction is formed. Moreover, the water receiving part G2 continuous in the X direction is formed by the shape of the support arm part 113 and the screw retaining hole 111.
In the case of (b) and (c), the water receiving part G1 is formed only in the lower part.

  Here, the inventors have obtained the knowledge that when the concentrating solar power generation module 1M is installed in the field, the left, right, and lower side surfaces of the housing 11 are relatively cold compared to the bottom surface and the upper side surface. It was. That is, it has been found that the temperature of the left, right, and lower inner surfaces of frame 11F is slightly lower than the other surfaces inside. Therefore, condensation easily occurs on the inner side surface 115, and the water receiving portions G1 and G2 formed along the inner side surface 115 are suitable for storing condensed water.

  Condensed water that condenses and drip on the inner surface 115 collects in the water receiving portions G1 and G2. Since the module 1M is normally inclined as shown in FIG. 1, the water collected in the water receiving part G1 of the left and right side frame 11F finally becomes the water receiving part G1 of the lower side frame 11F. Accumulate in. In this way, the condensed water is stored in the water receiving parts G1 and G2, so that the moisture in the housing 11 is concentrated, so that fogging of the inner surface of the light collecting part 13 can be suppressed. Further, the dew condensation water does not flow toward the power generation element 121 and the printed wiring board 12, and therefore, these do not get wet.

In addition, the accumulated water is naturally evaporated when the temperature in the housing 11 increases and the relative humidity decreases. Since the filter 11q does not hinder the passage of water vapor, the water vapor is discharged from the discharge port 11b together with the internal air. By discharging, fresh air is newly introduced from the inlet 11a. Such a condensation / evaporation cycle is stably performed over a long period of time.
Thus, according to the above embodiment, the concentrating solar power generation module 1M that can be used stably over a long period of time while suppressing the fogging of the inner surface of the condensing unit 13 while introducing air into the inside. Can be provided. The same applies to the following other embodiments.

The inner surface 115 may have a rougher surface finish than the other surfaces in the housing 11.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the surface of the inner surface 115 in FIG. 5 when such rough surface finish is employed. However, this is exaggerated in terms of features rather than the actual product. The surface of the inner surface 115 is intentionally rougher than other surfaces in the housing (for example, arithmetic average roughness Ra: 0.05a to 12.5a). An example of the roughening process is an alumite process. As a result, as shown in the figure, deep irregularities are formed on the surface, and there are pointed portions that become apexes. Therefore, condensation w tends to occur with the apex as a nucleus. That is, in this way, the inner surface 115 where condensation is likely to occur can be further made into a surface where water droplets are easily formed.

[Second Embodiment for Housing]
7A and 7B are perspective views showing an example of a schematic shape of the housing 11 according to the second embodiment, where FIG. 7A is a perspective view viewed from the right side, and FIG. 7B is a perspective view viewed from the left side. It is. As shown in (b), for example, an air inlet 11a is formed in the lower part of the left side surface of the frame 11F, and a filter 11q is attached to the inlet 11a. Further, an air discharge port 11b is formed in the upper part of the right side surface of the frame 11F, and a filter 11q is similarly attached to the discharge port 11b.

  Here, the members constituting the three sides (upper, lower, right) of the frame 11F are channel-like members whose inner surface side is open, but the members constituting the left side are pipe-like. An air outlet 11ax from the pipe-like left side member into the housing 11 is formed at the upper part inside the pipe-like left side.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. In the drawing, the left side frame 11F is provided with a passage 11P for allowing air to pass along the inner surface. That is, an air inlet 11a is provided at the lower portion of the outer frame 11F1. An outlet 11ax is provided at an upper portion of the inner frame 11F2 provided in parallel with the outer frame 11F1. A filter 11q is attached to the introduction port 11a.

  In the structure of FIG. 8, the flow of air introduced from the outside is as shown by the arrows in the figure. As a result, air is forced to flow along the inner side surface 115 and the inner wall surface 116, and condensation is likely to occur in the process. In other words, by providing the passage 11P through which air passes along the inner side surface 115 and the like, the air can be positively brought into contact with the inner side surface 115 and the like, and condensation can be promoted. As a result, a large amount of moisture contained in the air is removed as condensation before entering the inside of the housing 11 from the outlet 11ax. The condensed water W naturally gathers and accumulates in the bottom receiving part G3.

In this way, the condensed water is stored in the water receiving part G3, so that the moisture in the housing 11 is concentrated, so that fogging of the inner surface of the light collecting part 13 can be suppressed. Further, the dew condensation water does not flow toward the power generation element 121 and the printed wiring board 12, and therefore, these do not get wet. In addition, the accumulated water is naturally evaporated when the temperature in the housing 11 increases and the relative humidity decreases. Since the filter 11q does not prevent the passage of water vapor, the water vapor is discharged from the discharge port 11b together with the internal air. By discharging, fresh air is newly introduced from the inlet 11a.
9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. If there is a screw stop hole 117, the cross-sectional view shown in (b), otherwise, the cross-sectional view shown in (a).

[Third embodiment of the housing]
FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 8 for the casing 11 according to the third embodiment. The difference from FIG. 8 is that the porous material 118 is sealed inside the passage 11P, and that a filter 11r different from the filter 11q of FIG. 8 is attached to both the inlet port 11a and the outlet port 11ax. Others are the same as in the second embodiment. The filter 11r is made of a waterproof and moisture permeable membrane having a property of allowing gas (air, water vapor) to pass therethrough without passing water. That is, the filter 11r itself does not include a porous material, but the porous material 118 is interposed between the two filters 11r (waterproof and moisture-permeable membrane).

The porous material 118 is a material having air permeability and low specific heat, and for example, glass wool is suitable. When high-humidity air passes, dew condensation occurs in the porous material 118 in addition to the inner surface 115 and the wall surface 116, and the condensed water is stored in the water receiving part G3. In this case, if the level of the dew condensation water stored in the water receiving part G3 rises and covers the filter 11q from the inside, the filter 11q will not vent. In other words, the filter 11q should not suck in high-humidity air from the outside. Acts like a valve.
The porous material 118 is a suitable example, but any other material having a large specific heat difference from the aluminum alloy and a large surface area can be used.

  11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. If there is a screw stop hole 117, the cross-sectional view shown in (b), otherwise, the cross-sectional view shown in (a).

[Fourth Embodiment of Housing]
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a part of the XZ cross section or the YZ cross section of the housing 11 according to the fourth embodiment.
This fourth embodiment can be used in combination with any of the first to third embodiments. In FIG. 12, the reflection plate 119 is supported by the housing 11. The plurality of reflectors 119 are arranged by sewing between the power generation elements 121 so as to avoid the light path of light collection by the light collecting unit 13.

  Although all the light collected by the light collecting unit 13 is ideally collected in the power generation element 121, there is actually some light that does not reach the power generation element 121. Therefore, such light is reflected by the reflecting plate 119 and is applied to the inner surface of the light collecting portion 13 (that is, where the groove of the Fresnel lens 13f is formed). As a result, the temperature of the Fresnel lens 13f rises and brings about a heat retaining effect. Therefore, clouding (condensation) of the Fresnel lens 13f can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the deviation of the focal position due to the clouding of the Fresnel lens 13f.

  Note that the reflection plate 119 is merely an example, and the reflection plate 119 may be any reflection mechanism that can apply light that is not collected on the power generation element 121 to the Fresnel lens 13f by using reflection and, if necessary, refraction. For example, it is also possible to guide light so that it can be applied to the Fresnel lens 13f using a prism.

<Others>
In addition, the housing | casing 11 in each above-mentioned embodiment has a structure similar to the window frame of an aluminum sash. Therefore, an aluminum sash window frame can also be used as the basic skeleton of the casing. The window frame of the aluminum sash originally has a configuration that cools and condenses the air, and also includes a water receiving portion that collects and stores the dew condensation water, which is preferable.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

11 Housing 11a Inlet 11b Outlet 11P Passage 11q, 11r Filter 11q1 Waterproof and moisture permeable membrane 11q2 Porous material 13 Condensing part 13f Fresnel lens (lens element)
115 Inner surface 118 Porous material 119 Reflecting plate 121 Power generation element G1, G2, G3 Water receiving portion

Claims (7)

A concentrating solar power generation module comprising a plurality of sets of lens elements for concentrating sunlight and power generation elements arranged at positions corresponding to the lens elements,
A housing for accommodating a plurality of the power generating elements;
A plurality of the lens elements, and a light collecting unit that covers the housing,
The housing has an air inlet and an outlet.
In the casing, a water receiving portion for collecting and storing condensed water generated on the inner surface thereof is formed along at least the inner side surface of the casing, and the surface of the inner side surface is the other surface in the casing. The surface finish is rougher than the surface,
Concentrating solar power generation module. A concentrating solar power generation module comprising a plurality of sets of lens elements for concentrating sunlight and power generation elements arranged at positions corresponding to the lens elements,
A housing for accommodating a plurality of the power generating elements;
A plurality of the lens elements, and a light collecting unit that covers the housing,
The housing has an air inlet and an outlet.
A water receiving portion is formed in the housing to collect and store the condensed water generated on the inner surface of the housing, and a passage is provided for passing air that has entered from the inlet along the inner surface of the housing. The surface of the inner surface is rougher than the other surfaces in the housing,
Concentrating solar power generation module. A concentrating solar power generation module comprising a plurality of sets of lens elements for concentrating sunlight and power generation elements arranged at positions corresponding to the lens elements,
A housing for accommodating a plurality of the power generating elements;
A plurality of the lens elements, and a light collecting unit that covers the housing,
The housing has an air inlet and an outlet.
A water receiving portion is formed in the housing to collect and store the condensed water generated on the inner surface of the housing, and a passage is provided for passing air that has entered from the inlet along the inner surface of the housing. A concentrating solar power generation module in which a porous material is enclosed in the passage . The concentrating solar power generation module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a filter in which a porous material is sandwiched between waterproof and moisture-permeable membranes is attached to the introduction port . A concentrating solar power generation module comprising a plurality of sets of lens elements for concentrating sunlight and power generation elements arranged at positions corresponding to the lens elements,
A housing for accommodating a plurality of the power generating elements;
A plurality of the lens elements, and a light collecting unit that covers the housing,
The housing has an air inlet and an outlet.
A water receiving portion is formed in the housing to collect and store the dew condensation water generated on the inner surface of the housing, and the light that is not condensed on the power generation element is reflected toward the light collecting portion in the housing. A concentrating solar power generation module provided with a reflecting mechanism . The concentrating solar power generation module according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein an aluminum sash window frame is used as a basic skeleton of the casing . A concentrating solar power generation panel configured by arranging a plurality of concentrating solar power generation modules according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and claim 5 .

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