JP5998647B2 - Assembly method for double row angular contact ball bearings for wheels - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for enclosing lubricating grease inside a bearing in an assembly process of a vehicle wheel support bearing.

  2. Description of the Related Art A bearing (hereinafter referred to as a “hub bearing”) that rotatably supports automobile wheels includes an angular ball bearing having a contact angle or a tapered roller bearing having a high load capacity in a double row.

  These bearings are filled with grease as a lubricant in order to prevent smooth rotation and damage such as seizure during operation. The grease is filled in the hub bearing assembly process. The hub bearing is assembled in the following flow.

  Among the components of the hub bearing, the inner and outer rings are manufactured in a predetermined shape through respective processes of forging, cutting, heat treatment, and grinding. The ball is subjected to forging, heat treatment and grinding, and then the surface is mirror-polished by lapping. The cage is manufactured by injection molding using a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide.

  When the above-described components are brought into the assembly process, first, the diameter of the double-row raceway of the inner and outer rings is measured by a groove diameter measuring instrument having a probe having the same diameter as the ball. The ball with the optimum diameter is selected from the groove diameter of the inner and outer rings and the preload amount specified in the standard. Balls with different diameters are prepared every 2-3 μm with respect to the design dimensions, and by selecting the ball diameter, errors in the groove diameters of the inner and outer rings can be absorbed.

  When the ball diameter is determined, a specified number of balls are cut out from the storage device and stored in the cage pocket. In addition, a combination of balls and cages is fitted into the raceway grooves of the outer ring. Even if there is no inner ring, the ball is held in the raceway groove by the tension of the raceway shoulder and the cage.

  Insert the grease application nozzle into the space inside the outer ring with the ball and cage in the raceway groove. As the shape of the nozzle, a type having slits in the circumferential direction or a type in which needle-like nozzles are arranged radially is used. Grease is applied to the surface of the balls using these nozzles.

  After applying the grease, the inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, and a separate inner ring side race ring member is crimped or fixed to the inner ring by bolting to complete the bearing. After that, various inspections are performed and the accepted products are shipped.

JP 2010-230174 A

  Conventionally, as a grease application nozzle, a type having slits in the circumferential direction or a type in which needle-like nozzles are radially arranged has been used. If it is a slit type nozzle, there is no need to consider the phase of the ball, but the amount of grease used is large because grease is also applied between the balls. Further, the needle-type nozzle described in Patent Document 1 does not waste grease, but it is necessary to detect the phase of the ball and match the phase of the ball and the nozzle. On the other hand, in the step of applying grease, since the balls are fitted in the outer ring raceway grooves in a state of being stored in the pockets of the cage, it is difficult to detect the phase of the balls from the outside. In addition, the conventional nozzle has a problem in that grease is applied to the surface of the ball or the cage facing the bearing center, and therefore the grease is scraped off by the shaft portion of the inner ring when the inner ring is inserted into the outer ring. It was. If the grease is scraped off, an appropriate layer of grease is not formed on the surface of the ball, which may cause damage such as seizure during operation of the bearing.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even when the inner and outer rings are combined, grease is not scraped off at the shaft portion of the inner ring, and therefore, seizure and other damages are prevented from occurring during operation of the hub bearing. A method for assembling a double-row angular contact ball bearing for a wheel is provided.

An outer ring equivalent member having an angular outer ring raceway provided in a double row on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring equivalent member having an angular inner ring raceway provided in a double row on the outer peripheral surface, and the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceways. A plurality of balls, each of which is provided in a freely rollable manner, and a retainer for holding each of the balls in a freely rollable manner, and one member of the outer ring equivalent member and the inner ring equivalent member. was supported by the suspension device, a wheel double row assembling method of angular type ball bearing for use in a state of supporting the wheel on the other member, and the balls and the cage of the respective outer ring raceways In a state of being fitted (fitted) in one outer ring raceway, nozzles having a plurality of discharge ports are inserted radially into the outer ring equivalent member, and a double row of rows of inner circumferential surfaces of the outer ring equivalent member A cylindrical surface inscribed in each of these ball rows Ejecting grease Rimo径outward space, the grease is attached wear on the inner peripheral surface of the end surface and the outer ring member of the balls or the retainer, then, the inner ring member to the outer ring member Insert .

With the present invention, there is no need to align the nozzle and Ball phase, also because the grease in a radially outer space than a cylindrical surface inscribed in ball row, the inner ring when inserting the inner ring member It is not scraped off by the shaft part of the member . For this reason, the applied grease adheres efficiently to the surface of the ball and exhibits a high lubricating effect, so that it is possible to prevent damage such as seizure during operation of the bearing.

It is drawing which shows the porous type integrated nozzle which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is drawing which shows typically a mode that grease discharged from a perforated type integral nozzle forms a grease ball. It is drawing which shows the needle type nozzle which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is drawing which shows typically a mode that grease discharged from a needle type nozzle forms a grease ball. It is drawing which shows the state in which the grease ball | bowl was formed on the ball | bowl and the holder | retainer. It is sectional drawing of a common hub bearing.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a porous integrated nozzle 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The porous integrated nozzle 1 includes a cylindrical portion 2 and a flange portion 4, and the cylindrical portion 2 has a cavity 3 formed at the center, and small diameter holes 5 are provided radially from the cavity 3 to the flange portion 4. The grease is pumped to the cavity 3 of the porous integrated nozzle 1 by a grease pump (not shown) and discharged from the small diameter hole 5 of the flange portion 4.

  80% or more of the inscribed circle diameter of the ball rows 12 and 14 so that the flange portion 4 does not come into contact with the ball when inserted into the hub outer ring 10 and grease can stably adhere to the target surface. And the diameter is smaller than 100%. Further, when the discharged grease and the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 4 are in excessive contact, the grease causes stringing when the porous integrated nozzle 1 is retracted upward or when the hub outer ring 10 is retracted downward. A portion of the surface where the small diameter hole 5 does not open is provided with an arc-shaped relief 7 to suppress contact with grease. Since this porous integrated nozzle 1 can be manufactured from a metal or resin cylinder by cutting, there is an advantage that it is easier to manufacture than a needle type nozzle 16 described later.

Apply grease according to the following procedure. After inserting the ones of matches in cage pockets Beads raceway groove of the hub outer ring 10 in the assembly process of the hub bearing, inserting the porous type integral nozzle 1 into the inner space of the hub outer ring 10. The small-diameter hole opening 6 of the flange 4 is positioned above the ball train 12 on the inner side (the lower side in FIG. 2 and called the inner side because it is closer to the center of the vehicle body when attached to the vehicle body) to discharge grease. As a result, the grease is deposited in a spherical shape in the vicinity of the end surface 13a of the cage 13 and the inner peripheral surface 21 of the outer ring to form the grease ball 11. The number of radial small-diameter holes 5 or the amount of one-time discharge is controlled so that the diameter of the grease balls 11 is 100 to 140% with respect to the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 4 and the inner peripheral surface 21 of the outer ring.

  Further, the grease ball 11 is discharged from the end surface 13a of the cage 13 at a position where the radius of the grease ball 11 is 60 to 100% of the radius of the grease ball 11, so that the grease ball 11 has an end ring 13a and an outer ring respectively It is made to contact two places of the inner peripheral surface 21, and the stable grease adhesion state is implement | achieved. Therefore, the grease does not hang downward, and when the multi-hole integrated nozzle 1 is retracted upward or when the hub outer ring 10 is retracted downward, the grease sphere 11 is brought into contact with the flange portion 4 and the grease sphere 11. Problems such as lifting from the end surface 13a of the cage 13 can be prevented.

  Since the grease discharged by the above method accumulates in a space radially outside the cylindrical surface inscribed in the ball array 12, the grease is not scraped off by the shaft portion 26 of the inner ring when the inner ring 22 is inserted. Grease can be effectively used for lubrication.

  In the present invention, since the phases of the ball and the nozzle are not matched, the grease ball 11 is not necessarily formed on the top of the ball. Even in such a case, if the hub bearing rotates, the grease enters the inner ring raceway surface 23 and the outer ring raceway surface 24 in a short time by the rotation of the balls and the cage, but in order to shorten the time until the grease enters the raceway surface as much as possible. For this purpose, it is desirable to form the grease ball 11 on the top of the ball. To that end, a method of applying grease while discharging the nozzle, or forming a small-diameter grease ball 11 by reducing the discharge amount per time, and then rotating the nozzle to discharge grease again at different positions, It is also possible to adopt a coating method for forming a large number of grease balls 11.

  The grease application method according to the present invention may be used in combination with a conventional application method. When used in combination, the grease application according to the present invention can be applied only to the ball array on one side.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 3 shows a needle type nozzle 16 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The needle type nozzle 16 has a cylindrical portion 17 at the center, and a plurality of needles 19 are arranged radially from the tip of the cylindrical portion 17. The inside of the cylindrical portion 17 is a cavity 18 and is connected to a small diameter hole 20 provided inside the needle 19. The grease is pumped into the cavity 18 of the needle type nozzle 16 by a grease pump (not shown) and discharged from the small diameter hole 20 of the needle 19.

  The grease discharging method is performed in the same procedure as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 4). In manufacturing the needle type nozzle 16, after the needle 19 is press-fitted into the cylindrical portion 17, adhesion, brazing or welding is required. Therefore, although it is more difficult to manufacture than the porous integrated nozzle 1, the contact area between the grease deposited after discharge and the nozzle is small. Therefore, when the needle type nozzle 16 is retracted upward or when the hub outer ring 10 is retracted downward. There is an advantage that the threading of the grease hardly occurs.

The base oil used for the grease is not limited, but mineral oils and synthetic lubricants can be used preferably. Although it does not restrict | limit as mineral oil type | system | group lubricating oil, For example, paraffinic mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil, and these mixed oils can be used. Although it does not restrict | limit as a synthetic lubricating oil, For example, a synthetic hydrocarbon oil, ether oil, ester oil, and a fluorine oil can be used. Specifically, poly α-olefin and the like are used as the synthetic hydrocarbon oil, dialkyl diphenyl ether oil, alkyl triphenyl ether oil, and alkyl tetraphenyl ether oil are used as the ether oil , and diester oil and neopentyl polyol as the ester oil. Examples of ester oils or complex ester oils, aromatic ester oils, and the like, and examples of fluorine oils include perfluoroether oil, fluorosilicone oil, chlorotrifluoroethylene oil, and fluorophosphazene oil. Moreover, these lubricating oils may be used alone or in combination of a plurality of types as appropriate. Among these, considering lubricating performance and life at high temperatures and high speeds, it is preferable to include a synthetic lubricating oil, and it is particularly preferable to include an ester oil and an ether oil. In terms of cost, it is preferable to contain a mineral oil.

Further, the base oil is preferably, considering the low torque and durability 40 to 80 mm ² / s and more preferably a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 20 to 100 mm ² / s.

  The thickener is not limited as long as it has the ability to form a gel structure and retain the base oil in the gel structure, but lithium complex soap is preferred in view of lubrication performance and heat resistance. As a lithium complex soap, the lithium complex soap which consists of a C12-24 fatty acid and a C2-C12 fatty acid dicarboxylic acid lithium salt can be illustrated, for example, These may be used in mixture of 2 or more types. .

  Furthermore, the content of the thickener is preferably 5 to 35% by mass of the total amount of grease. If the thickener content is less than 5% by mass, the grease is liable to be liquefied, and if it exceeds 35% by mass, the grease is liable to solidify. Also, the grease penetration is preferably 220 to 340, more preferably 250 to 295.

  As described above, lithium complex soap is preferable as the thickener, but other thickeners may be mixed as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.

  Moreover, you may add various other additives to grease as needed. For example, amines such as phenyl-1-naphthylamine, phenols such as 2,6-di-tert-dibutylphenol, antioxidants such as sulfur and zinc dithiophosphate; organic sulfones such as alkali metals and alkaline earth metals Rust preventives such as acid salts, succinic acid derivatives such as alkyl succinic acid esters and alkenyl succinic acid esters, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitan monooleate; A metal deactivator, etc. can be added. Two or more of these additives may be mixed and added. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in the addition amount of these additives, unless the effect of this invention is impaired.

  The grease contains each of the components described above, but there are no restrictions on the manufacturing method thereof, and it can be prepared in the same manner as a conventional grease. In general, various additives are added to a base grease obtained by reacting a thickener in a base oil, and then sufficiently kneaded by a roll mill or the like and mixed uniformly. Moreover, you may heat at the time of kneading | mixing.

As described above, if the method for assembling a double row angular contact ball bearing for a wheel according to the present invention is used, it is not necessary to match the phase of the nozzle and the ball, and the inner ring surface is closer to the inner ring than the inscribed circle of the ball row. Since the grease is applied to the space, the grease is not scraped off by the shaft portion of the inner ring when the inner ring is inserted. For this reason, the applied grease adheres efficiently to the surface of the ball and exhibits a high lubricating effect, so that damage such as seizure during operation of the hub bearing can be prevented.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Porous integrated nozzle 2 Cylindrical part 3 Cavity 4 Flange part 5 Small-diameter hole 6 Small-diameter hole opening 7 Escape 8 Mounting bolt hole
10 Hub outer ring 11 Grease ball 12 Ball train (inner side)
13 Cage (inner side)
13a Outer side end face of inner side cage 14 Ball train (outer side)
15 Cage (outer side)
16 Needle type nozzle 17 Cylindrical portion 18 Cavity 19 Needle 20 Small diameter hole 21 Inner ring inner peripheral surface 22 Inner ring 23 Inner ring raceway surface 24 Outer ring raceway surface 25 Inner ring side raceway ring member 26 Shaft portion of inner ring

Claims (2)

An outer ring equivalent member having an angular outer ring raceway provided in a double row on the inner peripheral surface, an inner ring equivalent member having an angular inner ring raceway provided in a double row on the outer peripheral surface, and the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceways. A plurality of balls, each of which is provided in a freely rollable manner, and a retainer for holding each of the balls in a freely rollable manner, and one member of the outer ring equivalent member and the inner ring equivalent member. was supported by the suspension device, a wheel double row assembling method of angular type ball bearing for use in a state of supporting the wheel on the other member, and the balls and the cage of the respective outer ring raceways A region having a plurality of outlets radially inserted into the outer ring equivalent member in a state where the outer ring equivalent member is housed in one outer ring raceway, and a region sandwiched between double rows of ball rows on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring equivalent member However, it is radially outer than the cylindrical surface inscribed in each of these ball rows. Space discharge grease, is attached wear grease on the inner peripheral surface of the end surface and the outer ring member of the balls or the retainer, then, characterized by inserting the inner ring member to the outer ring member A method for assembling a double row angular contact ball bearing for a wheel . The method of assembling a double row angular contact ball bearing for a wheel according to claim 1, wherein the grease is spherically attached to the end surfaces of the balls or the cage and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring equivalent member.

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