JP5986272B1 - Inter-core crosstalk evaluation method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

Inter-core crosstalk is evaluated in a multi-core optical transmission system in operation (in service). A plurality of signal lights having a wavelength λm1 different from the wavelength band W of signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN transmitted in respective cores C1, C2,. Monitor light SM1, SM2,..., SMN are generated by the monitor light generator 11 and combined with the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN of the respective cores, and the respective cores C1, C2,. Based on the signal component included in the monitor light RMi demultiplexed from the signal light COi transmitted by the target core Ci to be evaluated, the core other than the target core Ci and the target core Ci is selected by the inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12. The inter-core crosstalk XTi-j generated with Cj is calculated. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an inter-core crosstalk evaluation technique for calculating an inter-core crosstalk generated between cores of a multicore fiber.

For the purpose of dramatically increasing the transmission capacity of an optical transmission system, a multi-core optical transmission system using a multi-core fiber having a plurality of cores in one fiber as an optical transmission line, or a different mode of a multi-mode fiber is used. Development of a multimode optical transmission system that transmits a plurality of pieces of information in parallel is underway. Optical transmission using these multi-core fibers and multimode fibers for multiplexing optical signals is called space division multiplexing (SDM) optical transmission.
In SDM optical transmission, by transmitting signals of different information to different cores or modes, compared to the conventional case where a fiber having one mode and a core (standard single mode fiber) is used as the transmission line. The transmission capacity can be dramatically increased.

In a long-distance SDM optical transmission system, an optical fiber amplifier for SDM is indispensable in order to amplify signal light whose intensity is reduced during transmission, as in an optical transmission system using a standard single-mode fiber as a transmission line. It is.
In a multi-core fiber amplifier used in a multi-core optical transmission system, inter-core crosstalk occurs due to mode coupling between signals propagating through each core of the amplification multi-core fiber. In applying the multi-core fiber amplifier to the optical transmission system, it is necessary to evaluate the cross-talk between the cores of the multi-core fiber amplifier to confirm that the cross-talk value between the cores is lower than the specified value or the design value.

  Such inter-core crosstalk is an important parameter even in a multi-core fiber used in a transmission line, and can be easily measured using the evaluation system shown in FIG. 20 (Non-patent Document 1). FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system of a conventional multi-core fiber. In this method, light from a light source is input to one core from the input side of the multicore fiber, and a single core fiber is aligned for each core on the output side of the multicore fiber, and the optical power is calculated by an optical power meter. When a single core fiber is aligned with a core to which light is input, the optical power attenuated by the transmission loss of the core is measured, and when input to other cores, the inter-core crosstalk light power is measured. Such measurement is performed for the case where light is input to all the cores, and the inter-core crosstalk value between the two cores is obtained from the optical power attenuated by the core transmission loss and the inter-core crosstalk light power.

  FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system (core-specific signal light source) of a conventional multi-core optical amplifier. As shown in FIG. 21 (a), a method has been proposed in which two cores for calculating inter-core crosstalk are prepared with different signal light sources and their wavelengths are set to be different from each other (Non-Patent Document 2). ). FIG. 21B shows an amplifier output spectrum result in the evaluation of crosstalk between cores measured by an optical spectrum analyzer. Signal lights with wavelengths of 1550 nm and 1551 nm are respectively input to different cores A and B of the device under test (in this figure, a multi-core fiber amplifier), and the cores are measured by measuring the output of core A (blue line spectrum in FIG. 21B) The crosstalk between the cores from B to the core A is calculated, and the crosstalk between the cores from the core A to the core B is calculated from the output measurement 2 (b) of the core B (red line spectrum).

  FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system (intensity tone) of a conventional multi-core optical amplifier. As shown in FIG. 22A, an inter-core crosstalk evaluation method using an intensity tone has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 3). The intensity is modulated with a different tone frequency for each core, and is incident on a device under test (fan-in / fan-out device, transmission fiber, optical amplifier, etc.). After the emitted light is received by a photoelectric converter and converted into an electric signal, each tone frequency component is obtained by an electric spectrum analyzer. As shown in FIG. 22B, the inter-core crosstalk between the cores can be obtained from the level difference of each tone frequency component obtained from the electrical spectrum.

K. Takenaga et al. "An investigation on crosstalk i n multi-core fiber by introducing random fluctuation along longitudinal direction", IEICE Trans. Commun., Vol.E94-B, no.2, pp.409-416, 2011 Y. Tsuchida et al., "Amplification Characteristics of a Multi-core Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier", in Proc. OFC / NFOEC2012, paper OM3C.3 H. Ono, T. Mizuno, H. Takara, K. Ichii, K. Takenaga, S. Matsuo, M. Yamada, "Inter-core crosstalk measurement in multi-core fiber amplifier using multiple intensity tones", Electronics Letters, Volume 50, Issue 14, pp.1009-1010, 2014

  However, since the conventional inter-core crosstalk evaluation method described above is a method for fibers, devices, and apparatuses, it is possible to evaluate inter-core crosstalk while the multi-core optical transmission system is in operation (in service). There was a problem that it was not possible.

  FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a general multi-core optical transmission system. That is, the multi-core optical transmission system transmits signal light having the same wavelength arrangement to all the cores as shown in FIG. Therefore, the method shown in FIG. 20 for directly calculating the inter-core crosstalk by inputting light only to the core that generates the inter-core crosstalk light without inputting the light to the inter-core crosstalk core can be used. Can not. The method shown in FIG. 21, in which light having a different wavelength is incident on each core and measured with an optical spectrum analyzer, cannot be applied. The inter-core crosstalk evaluation method using the intensity tone shown in FIG. 22 also has a problem that transmission characteristics deteriorate when intensity modulation is performed on signal light. Therefore, none of the conventional inter-core crosstalk evaluation methods can be applied to an operating multi-core optical transmission system.

  The present invention is to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inter-core crosstalk evaluation technique capable of evaluating inter-core crosstalk in an operating (in-service) multi-core optical transmission system. .

  In order to achieve such an object, an inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention is an inter-core crosstalk evaluation method for calculating an inter-core crosstalk generated between each core of a multicore fiber, A monitor light generation step for generating a plurality of monitor lights having different wavelengths from the wavelength band of the signal light transmitted in each core and including different signal components, and the generated monitor light is used as the signal light for each core. A wavelength multiplexing step for multiplexing the signals, a wavelength demultiplexing step for demultiplexing the monitor light from the signal light transmitted from the target core to be evaluated among the cores, and the wavelength-demultiplexed target core The inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on the signal component included in the monitor light of the inter-core crosstalk generated between the target core and a core other than the target core. And a click calculation step.

  Also, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step splits light having a wavelength different from the wavelength band into a plurality of light, and the obtained branched lights are different from each other. Each of the monitor lights including different signal components is generated by modulating each with a monitor frequency, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating step observes a frequency spectrum after photoelectrically converting the monitor light of the target core, The inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on a power ratio of frequency components corresponding to the monitoring frequency.

  Also, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step combines short wavelength light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength band and long wavelength light having a wavelength longer than the wavelength band. After branching, the light is branched into a plurality of parts, and the obtained branched lights are respectively modulated with different monitoring frequencies to generate the monitor lights each including different signal components, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating step includes: For the short wavelength light and the long wavelength light selected from the monitor light of the target core, the frequency spectrum is observed after photoelectric conversion, respectively, based on the power ratio of the frequency component corresponding to the monitoring frequency The inter-core crosstalk is calculated, and the wavelength dependence of the inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on the inter-core crosstalk related to the short wavelength light and the long wavelength light. Characteristics is obtained to calculate the.

  Further, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step generates light having different monitor wavelengths different from the wavelength band as the monitor light, In the inter-core crosstalk calculating step, an optical spectrum is observed for the monitor light of the target core, and the inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on an optical power ratio of a wavelength component corresponding to the monitoring wavelength. is there.

  Further, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step includes a plurality of short wavelength lights having a shorter wavelength for monitoring that is shorter than the wavelength band and different from each other, The monitor light is generated by combining a plurality of long-wavelength lights having wavelengths longer than the wavelength band and having different long wavelengths for monitoring for each pair, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating step includes the object An optical spectrum is observed for the monitoring light of the core, the crosstalk between the cores is calculated based on the optical power ratio of the wavelength component corresponding to the monitoring wavelength, and the cross-core crossing for the obtained short wavelength light and long wavelength light is obtained. Based on the talk, the wavelength dependence characteristic of the crosstalk between the cores is calculated.

  Also, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step uses monitor light corresponding to at least two adjacently arranged cores of the multi-core fiber for different monitoring purposes. Each is modulated by frequency.

  Also, in one configuration example of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to the present invention, the monitor light generation step uses monitor light corresponding to at least two adjacently arranged cores of the multi-core fiber for different monitoring purposes. It is generated from light of a wavelength.

  An inter-core crosstalk evaluation system according to the present invention is an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system that calculates inter-core crosstalk generated between cores of a multi-core fiber, and includes signal light transmitted through the cores. A monitor light generation unit that generates a plurality of monitor lights having different wavelength components and different signal components, and wavelength multiplexing for combining the generated monitor lights with the signal lights of the respective cores A wavelength demultiplexer for demultiplexing the monitor light from the signal light transmitted by the target core to be evaluated among the cores, and the signal included in the wavelength-demultiplexed monitor light of the target core An inter-core crosstalk calculating unit that calculates an inter-core crosstalk generated between the target core and a core other than the target core based on the component.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores in an operating (in-service) multicore optical transmission system, which is impossible with a conventional method in an optical transmission system using a multicore optical fiber. Become.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the crosstalk evaluation system between cores concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitor light production | generation part concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the crosstalk calculation part between cores concerning 1st Embodiment. It is an example of wavelength arrangement concerning a 1st embodiment. It is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitor light production | generation part concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the crosstalk calculation part between cores concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is an example of wavelength arrangement concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a graph which shows the wavelength dependence characteristic of cross talk between core concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitor light production | generation part concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the crosstalk calculation part between cores concerning 3rd Embodiment. It is an example of wavelength arrangement concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitor light production | generation part concerning 4th Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the crosstalk calculation part between cores concerning 4th Embodiment. It is an example of wavelength arrangement concerning a 4th embodiment. It is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a graph which shows the wavelength dependence characteristic of crosstalk between core concerning a 4th embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crosstalk evaluation system between the cores of the conventional multicore fiber. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crosstalk evaluation system (signal light source according to core) of the conventional multi-core optical amplifier. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crosstalk evaluation system (intensity tone) between the cores of the conventional multi-core optical amplifier. It is explanatory drawing which shows a general multi-core optical transmission system.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
First, an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an inter-core crosstalk evaluation system according to the first embodiment.

  The inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 is applied to a multi-core optical transmission system 50 in which a multi-core fiber having a plurality of cores in one fiber is used as an optical transmission line, and calculates the inter-core crosstalk generated between these cores. System.

The multi-core optical transmission system 50 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG.
The signal light transmission unit 51 has signal light SC1, SC2, having different wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _s2 ,..., Λ _sN based on transmission data input for each of N (N is an integer of 2 or more) systems. .., SCN is generated and input light CI1, CI2,..., CIN is incident on the multi-core transmission unit 52.
The multi-core transmission unit 52 has a function of optically transmitting each input light CI1, CI2,..., CIN by N cores C1, C2,.

  The signal light receiving unit 53 receives the output lights CO1, CO2,..., CON emitted from the respective cores C1, C2,..., CN of the multi-core transmission unit 52 as signal lights RC1, RC2,. It has a function of generating and outputting received data for each of N systems from the optical RC1, RC2,.

The inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present invention has a wavelength λ _m1 different from the wavelength band W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN transmitted through the respective cores C1, C2,. In addition, a plurality of monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including signal components different from each other are generated and combined with the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN of the cores, and the cores C1, C2,. Generated between the target core Ci and a core Cj other than the target core Ci based on a signal component included in the monitor light RMi demultiplexed from the output light COi transmitted by the target core Ci to be evaluated The inter-crosstalk XT _ij is calculated.

[Inter-core crosstalk evaluation system]
Next, the configuration of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 includes a monitor light generation unit 11, an inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12, a wavelength multiplexer 13, and a wavelength demultiplexer 14 as main functional units.

  The monitor light generator (monitor light transmitter) 11 has a function of generating unique monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN for each of the cores C1, C2,..., CN used in the multi-core optical transmission system 50. ing. These monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN have wavelengths other than the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN transmitted by the cores C1, C2,. Frequency components and wavelength components are included as different signal components so that they can be distinguished and detected even if there is leakage due to intercrosstalk and interference.

  The wavelength multiplexer 13 is provided for each of the cores C1, C2,..., CN, and receives the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN transmitted from the monitor light generator 11, respectively. .., SCN, and the obtained combined signal light has a function of outputting to the multi-core transmission unit 52 as input light CI1, CI2,.

  The wavelength demultiplexer 14 outputs the output lights CO1, CO2,..., CON output from the respective cores C1, C2,. , RM2,..., RMN, the obtained signal lights RC1, RC2,. It has a function of emitting light to the part 12.

  The inter-core crosstalk calculating section (monitor light receiving section) 12 receives the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14, and for each of the monitor lights RM1, RM2,. The signal components of the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN included in the respective monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN are detected, and between the cores C1, C2,. It has a function of calculating crosstalk between cores.

[Monitor light generator]
Next, the configuration of the monitor light generation unit 11 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the monitor light generation unit according to the first embodiment.
The monitor light generation unit 11 includes a light source 11A, an optical branching unit 11B, and N optical modulators 11C as main circuit units.

The light source 11A has a function of generating light having a wavelength λ _m1 different from the wavelength band W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,.
The optical branching device 11B has a function of branching light from the light source 11A into N pieces.
The optical modulator 11C modulates the branched light branched by the optical branching device 11B with different unique monitor frequencies f _m1 , f _m2 ,..., F _mN , thereby different signal components, here different frequencies. It has a function of generating monitor lights SM1, SM2,.

[Inter-core crosstalk calculator]
Next, the configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculation unit according to the first embodiment.
The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 includes an optical switch 12A, a photoelectric conversion unit 12B, and an electric spectrum analyzer 12C as main circuit units.

The optical switch 12A sequentially selects one of the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14 one by one or one designated as the target core Ci (i = 1 to N) as monitor light RMi.
The photoelectric conversion unit 12B has a function of a selected output monitor light RMi optical switch 12A photoelectrically converts and outputs an electric signal E _i obtained.

The electrical spectrum analyzer 12C observes the frequency spectrum of the electrical signal E _i output from the photoelectric conversion unit 12B, detects the power related to the frequency components corresponding to the monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f _{m2 ,.} Based on the power ratio (dB difference) of these powers, the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij between the target core Ci and a core Cj other than the target core Ci (j = 1 to N, j ≠ i) is calculated. It has a function.

[Operation of First Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the monitor light generation unit 11 generates light having a wavelength λ _m1 different from the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN by the light source 11A and branches it into N light beams by the optical branching device 11B. Each of the optical modulators 11C modulates the branched light with different unique monitor frequencies f _m1 , f _m2 ,..., F _mN to generate monitor lights SM1, SM2,.

FIG. 4 is an example of wavelength arrangement according to the first embodiment. In the wavelength arrangement example of FIG. 4, the light of the wavelength λ _m1 shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN, that is, the wavelength band W including the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _{s2 ,.} 11A. As a result, the signal light and the monitor light can be easily separated according to the wavelength, and the monitor light can be transmitted in a multi-core without deteriorating the transmission characteristics relating to the signal light. It becomes possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores. A wavelength longer than the wavelength band W corresponding to the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _s2 ,..., Λ _sN may be used as the wavelength λ _m1 .

Next, the wavelength combiner 13 combines the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN transmitted from the monitor light generator 11 with the corresponding signal lights SC1, SC2,. The combined signal light is output to the multi-core transmission unit 52 as input light CI1, CI2,.
Thereafter, the wavelength demultiplexer 14 demultiplexes the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN from the output lights CO1, CO2,.

The inter-core crosstalk calculator 12 uses the photoelectric converter 12B to convert the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci selected by the optical switch 12A from the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14. The frequency spectrum of the electric signal E _i obtained by photoelectric conversion is observed with the electric spectrum analyzer 12C, and the target core Ci and the target core are based on the power ratio of the signal powers related to these frequencies f _m1 , f _{m2 ,.} The inter-core crosstalk XT _ij with the core Cj other than Ci is calculated.

FIG. 5 is a calculation example of inter-core crosstalk according to the first embodiment. Here, the frequency f _m1 of the monitor light SM1 which is transmitted by the target core C1, core C2 other than target cores C1, ~, monitor light SM2 that transmitted by CN, ~, frequency f _m2 of the SMN, ~, and to a f _mN The power ratio is calculated as the inter-core crosstalk XT _1-2 ,..., XT _{1 -N} between the cores C1 and C2, and between the cores C1 and CN.

[Effect of the first embodiment]
As described above, the present embodiment has a wavelength λ _m1 different from the wavelength band W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN transmitted through the respective cores C1, C2,. A plurality of monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including different signal components are generated and combined with the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN of the respective cores, and evaluation is performed among the cores C1, C2,. Inter-core crosstalk generated between the target core Ci and a core Cj other than the target core Ci based on a signal component included in the monitor light RMi demultiplexed from the output light COi transmitted by the target core Ci. XT _ij is calculated.

  As a result, the signal light and the monitor light can be easily separated according to the wavelength, and the monitor light can be transmitted through each core of the multi-core fiber without deteriorating the transmission characteristics regarding the signal light. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores even in the multicore optical transmission system 50 in operation (in service).

In the present embodiment, more specifically, the monitor light generator 11 emits light having a wavelength λ _m1 that is different from the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,. The optical branching device 11B branches the light into N pieces, and the obtained branched lights are modulated by the optical modulators 11C at different monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f _{m2 ,.} The monitor light SM1, SM2,..., SMN including the signal components is generated, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 selects the optical switch from among the monitor lights RM1, RM2,. photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion unit 12B monitor light RMi eligible core Ci selected in 12A, observing the frequency spectrum of the electrical signal E _i obtained in electrical spectrum analyzer 12C, for the resulting monitoring frequency f _m1, f _m2, ~, based on the power ratio of the signal power for f _mN, target core Ci and the core other than the target core Ci Cj (for j = 1 to N integers, j ≠ i) between the core between the it is also possible to calculate the crosstalk XT _ij.
As a result, the inter-core crosstalk between the cores can be calculated in the operating (in-service) multi-core optical transmission system 50 with an extremely simple configuration.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the first embodiment described above, the case where the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN are generated from the light having the wavelength λ _m1 different from the wavelength band W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,. At this time, the obtained inter-core crosstalk XT _ij is only at the wavelength λ _m1 and is not the inter-core crosstalk at the wavelength in the wavelength band W of the actual signal light SC1, SC2,. Therefore, when the wavelength band W is relatively narrow, or when the inter-core crosstalk does not change much over the entire wavelength band W without depending on the wavelength, a sufficient value can be obtained by the measurement method according to the first embodiment. However, when the wavelength band W is relatively wide, or when the inter-core crosstalk changes depending on the wavelength, a more accurate measurement method is required.

In order to respond to such a request, the present embodiment will describe a case where the wavelength dependence characteristic of inter-core crosstalk is calculated using the first embodiment. That is, the present embodiment is a short wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, A} shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN and a long wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, B} longer than the wavelength band W. Are used as the monitor light SM1, SM2,..., SMN, and the crosstalk between the cores is transmitted for each of the wavelengths .lamda.m _{, A} , .lamda.m _{, B} from the monitor lights RM1, RM2,. XT _{ij, A} and XT _{ij, B} are calculated, and the wavelength dependent characteristic ΔXT _ij of the inter-core crosstalk is calculated.

[Monitor light generator]
Next, the configuration of the monitor light generation unit 11 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the monitor light generation unit according to the second embodiment.
The monitor light generation unit 11 includes two light sources 11A, an optical branching unit 11B, N optical modulators 11C, and a wavelength demultiplexer 11D as main circuit units.

The two light sources 11A include a short wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, A} shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN, and a long wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, B} longer than the wavelength band W. And has a function of generating
The wavelength demultiplexer 11D has a function of combining the short wavelength light and the long wavelength light from the light source 11A.
The optical branching device 11B has a function of branching the light from the wavelength demultiplexer 11D into N pieces.
The optical modulator 11C modulates the branched light branched by the optical branching device 11B with different unique monitor frequencies f _m1 , f _m2 ,..., F _mN , thereby different signal components, here different frequencies. It has a function of generating monitor lights SM1, SM2,.

[Inter-core crosstalk calculator]
Next, the configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculation unit according to the second embodiment.
The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 includes an optical switch 12A, a photoelectric conversion unit 12B, an electric spectrum analyzer 12C, and a wavelength selector 12D as main circuit units.

The optical switch 12A sequentially selects one of the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14 one by one or one designated as the target core Ci (i = 1 to N) as monitor light RMi.
The wavelength selector 12D has a function of sequentially selecting the monitor light A having the short wavelength λ _{m, A and} the monitor light B having the long wavelength λ _{m, B} from the monitor light RMi selectively output by the optical switch 12A. doing.
The photoelectric conversion unit 12B has a function of photoelectrically converting the monitor lights A and B wavelength-selected by the wavelength selector 12D and outputting the obtained electric signals E _{i, A} , E _{i, B.}

The electric spectrum analyzer 12C observes the frequency spectrum of the electric signals E _{i, A} , E _{i, B} output from the photoelectric conversion unit 12B, and corresponds to the monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f _{m2 ,.} A core between a target core Ci and a core Cj other than the target core Ci (an integer of j = 1 to N, j ≠ i) is detected based on a power ratio (dB difference) between these power components. during the crosstalk XT _ij, a function of calculating the _a and XT _{ij, B,} function between the core crosstalk XT _{ij, a} and XT _ij, based on _B, and calculates the wavelength dependence characteristic .DELTA.Xt _ij of the inter-core crosstalk And have.

[Operation of Second Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the monitor light generation unit 11 includes a short wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, A} shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN and a long wavelength having a wavelength λ _{m, B} longer than the wavelength band W. The light is multiplexed by the wavelength multiplexer 11D and branched to N by the optical branching unit 11B, and the obtained branched light is respectively changed to the unique monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f by the respective optical modulators 11C. _{m @ 2,} ~, by modulating by f _mN, monitor light SM1, SM2, ~, to produce the SMN.

FIG. 8 is an example of wavelength arrangement according to the second embodiment. In the wavelength arrangement example of FIG. 8, the short wavelength light having the wavelength λ _{m, A} shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,..., SCN, that is, the wavelength band W including the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _{s2 ,.} The monitor light A and the monitor light B, which is a long wavelength light having a wavelength λ _{m, B} longer than the wavelength band W, are generated by the light source 11A. As a result, the signal light and the monitor light can be easily separated according to the wavelength, and the monitor light can be transmitted in a multi-core without deteriorating the transmission characteristics relating to the signal light. It becomes possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores. Further, since the wavelengths located on both sides of the wavelength band W are used as the monitor light, the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk can be calculated with high accuracy in a wide range including the wavelength band W.

Next, the wavelength combiner 13 combines the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN transmitted from the monitor light generator 11 with the corresponding signal lights SC1, SC2,. The combined signal light is output to the multi-core transmission unit 52 as input light CI1, CI2,.
Thereafter, the wavelength demultiplexer 14 demultiplexes the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN from the output lights CO1, CO2,.

The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 selects the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci from the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14, and uses this monitor light RMi. The wavelength selector 12D sequentially selects the wavelength of the monitor light A having the short wavelength λ _{m, A and} the monitor light B having the long wavelength λ _{m, B.}

Subsequently, the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 photoelectrically converts the monitor lights A and B wavelength-selected by the wavelength selector 12D by the photoelectric conversion unit 12B, and the obtained electric signals E _{i, A} , E _{i, B} of the frequency spectrum was observed by an electric spectrum analyzer 12C, the monitoring frequency f _m1, f _m2, ~, based on the power ratio of the signal power for f _mN, monitor light a, each B, the target core Ci and the target core Ci Inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} and XT _{ij, B} with the other core Cj is calculated.

FIG. 9 is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores according to the second embodiment. Here, the frequency f _m1 of the monitor light SM1 which is transmitted by the target core C1, core C2 other than target cores C1, ~, monitor light SM2 that transmitted by CN, ~, frequency f _m2 of the SMN, ~, and to a f _mN the power ratio, the monitor light a, for each B, and between the core C1-C2, ~, inter-core crosstalk XT _1-2 between cores C1-CN, a, ~, XT 1-N, a, and XT ₁ Calculated as _{-2, B} , ..., XT1 _{-N, B.}

Thereafter, the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 calculates the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk based on the inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} and XT _{ij, B} related to the monitor lights A and B, and this wavelength. Based on the dependence characteristics, for example, the inter-core crosstalk at the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _s2 , _{˜s λN} of the signal lights SC1, SC2 _,.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence characteristics of inter-core crosstalk according to the second embodiment. The inter-core crosstalk has a wavelength-dependent characteristic that changes according to the wavelength of the signal light, and generally shows a tendency that the inter-core crosstalk increases as the wavelength becomes longer.

In this embodiment, any core i at wavelength lambda, the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij between j (lambda), the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij in two points of the wavelength lambda _{m, A} and wavelength lambda _{m, B, When} linearly approximated by a straight line passing through _A , XT _{ij, B} , the wavelength dependence characteristic, that is, the value (slope) ΔXT _ij of the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij (λ) that changes per unit wavelength is expressed by the following equation (1) ) And the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij (λ) is obtained by the following equation (1).

[Effect of the second embodiment]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the monitor light generation unit 11 demultiplexes short wavelength light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength band W generated by the light source 11A and long wavelength light having a wavelength longer than the wavelength band. After being multiplexed by the optical unit 11D, the optical branching unit 11B splits the light into a plurality of beams, and the obtained branched light is respectively modulated by the optical modulators 11C at different monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f _{m2 ,.} To generate SMNs SM1, SM2,..., SMN each including different signal components, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 selects the wavelength by the wavelength selector 12D from the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci. for a monitor light B of lambda _{m, a} of the monitor light a and long wavelength lambda _{m, B,} after photoelectric conversion in each photoelectric conversion unit 12B, to observe the frequency spectrum by an electric spectrum analyzer 12C, Nita frequencies _{f m1, f m2, ~,} f mN and the corresponding inter-core crosstalk XT _ij based on the power ratio of the frequency _components, calculates _A, XT _ij, the _B, these monitor light A, between the cores it relates to B Based on the crosstalk XT _{ij, A} , XT _{ij, B} , the wavelength dependence characteristic ΔXT _ij of the inter-core crosstalk is calculated.

  This makes it possible to obtain more accurate inter-core crosstalk even when the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN are relatively wide or when the inter-core crosstalk changes depending on the wavelength. It becomes.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the first embodiment described above, the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 photoelectrically converts the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14, and the obtained electrical signal E _i. In the above description, the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij is calculated based on the frequency spectrum. In this embodiment, the monitor light RM1, RM2,..., RMN is not photoelectrically converted to observe the frequency spectrum, but the optical spectrum of the monitor light RM1, RM2,. A case where the talk XT _ij is calculated will be described.

That is, in the present embodiment, lights having different monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,..., Λ _mN are different from the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,. , used as SMN, observing the optical spectrum of the monitor light RMi after target core Ci transmission, resulting monitoring wavelength λ _m1, λ _m2, ~, based on the power ratio of the optical power about lambda _mN, target core Ci And the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij between the core Cj other than the target core Ci (j = 1 to N, an integer j ≠ i).

[Monitor light generator]
Next, the configuration of the monitor light generating unit 11 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a monitor light generation unit according to the third embodiment.
The monitor light generation unit 11 includes N light sources 11A and a wavelength demultiplexer 11D as main circuit units.

The N light sources 11A generate light having monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,..., Λ _mN different from the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,. Has a function of generating monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including different wavelength components.

[Inter-core crosstalk calculator]
Next, the configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an inter-core crosstalk calculation unit according to the third embodiment.
The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 includes an optical switch 12A and an optical spectrum analyzer 12E as main circuit units.

The optical switch 12A sequentially selects one of the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14 one by one or one designated as the target core Ci (i = 1 to N) as monitor light RMi.
Optical spectrum analyzer 12E observes the optical spectrum of the selected output monitor light RMi from the optical switch 12A, the monitoring wavelength λ _m1, λ _m2, ~, detects the optical power with respect to wavelength components corresponding to the lambda _mN, Based on these optical power ratios (dB difference), an inter-core crosstalk XT _ij between the target core Ci and a core Cj other than the target core Ci (j = 1 to N, j ≠ i) is calculated. It has a function.

[Operation of Third Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the monitor light generator 11 generates light of the monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 , λ _mN different from the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,. The monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including different signal components, here different wavelength components, are generated.

FIG. 13 is an example of wavelength arrangement according to the third embodiment. In the wavelength arrangement example of FIG. 13, the monitoring wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,... Shorter than the wavelength bands of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN, that is, the wavelength bands W including the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _{s2 ,.} , Λ _mN light is generated by the light source 11A as monitor light. As a result, the signal light and the monitor light can be easily separated according to the wavelength, and the monitor light can be transmitted in a multi-core without deteriorating the transmission characteristics relating to the signal light. It becomes possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores. The monitor wavelength _{λ m1, λ m2, ~,} λ the wavelength as _{mN λ s1, λ s2, ~} , may be used a wavelength longer than the wavelength band W and the corresponding lambda _sN.

Next, the wavelength combiner 13 combines the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN transmitted from the monitor light generator 11 with the corresponding signal lights SC1, SC2,. The combined signal light is output to the multi-core transmission unit 52 as input light CI1, CI2,.
Thereafter, the wavelength demultiplexer 14 demultiplexes the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN from the output lights CO1, CO2,.

The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 calculates the optical spectrum of the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci selected by the optical switch 12A from the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14. observed in the analyzer 12E, monitoring _{λ m1, λ m2, ~,} λ based on the ratio of the optical power about _mN, calculates the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij between the core Cj other than the target core Ci and the target core Ci .

FIG. 14 is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores according to the third embodiment. Here, the monitor wavelength λ _m1 of the monitor light SM1 transmitted through the target core C1, the monitor light SM2 through the cores C2 to CN other than the target core C1, the monitor wavelengths λ _{m2 of} the SMN,. The optical power ratios with respect to λ _mN are calculated as the inter-core crosstalk XT _1-2 between the cores C1 and C2 and between the cores C1 and CN XT _{1 to N} , respectively.

[Effect of the third embodiment]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the monitor light generation unit 11 monitors light having different monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,..., Λ _mN from the wavelength band W generated by the light source 11A. SM1, SM2,..., SMN are generated, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 observes the optical spectrum of the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci with the optical spectrum analyzer 12E, and monitors wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,. , Λ _mN and the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij is calculated based on the optical power ratio of the corresponding wavelength component.

  As a result, in the operating (in-service) multi-core optical transmission system 50, it is possible to calculate the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk based on the optical spectrum instead of the frequency spectrum of the monitor light.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the above-described third embodiment, the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., From the lights having the monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 , λ _mN different from the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,. The case where the SMN is generated has been described. At this time, the obtained inter-core crosstalk XT _ij is only at the monitor wavelengths λ _m1 , λ _m2 ,..., Λ _mN and is a wavelength in the wavelength band W of the actual signal light SC1, SC2,. It is not cross-talk between cores. Therefore, when the wavelength band W is relatively narrow, or when the inter-core crosstalk does not change much over the entire wavelength band W without depending on the wavelength, a sufficient value can be obtained by the measurement method according to the first embodiment. However, when the wavelength band W is relatively wide, or when the inter-core crosstalk changes depending on the wavelength, a more accurate measurement method is required.

In order to respond to such a request, the present embodiment will describe a case where the wavelength dependence characteristic of inter-core crosstalk is calculated using the first embodiment. That is, the present embodiment is directed to the short wavelength light having the monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} , ˜, λ _{m, AN} shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,. A combination of long wavelength light having monitor wavelengths λ _{m, B 1} , λ _{m, B 2} ,..., Λ _{m, BN} longer than the band W is used as monitor light SM1, SM2,. From the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN after transmission, these monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A1} , λ _{m, A2} ,..., Λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B1} , λ _{m, B2 ,.} The inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} , XT _{ij, B} is calculated for each time, and the wavelength dependent characteristic ΔXT _ij of the inter-core crosstalk is calculated.

[Monitor light generator]
Next, the configuration of the monitor light generation unit 11 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a monitor light generation unit according to the fourth embodiment.
The monitor light generation unit 11 is provided with N × 2 light sources 11A and N wavelength multiplexers 11D as main circuit units.

N × 2 light sources 11A are provided with short wavelength lights having monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} ,..., Λ _{m, AN} shorter than the wavelength bands W of the signal lights SC1, SC2,. In addition, each of them has a function of generating monitor wavelengths λ _{m, B 1} , λ _{m, B 2} ,..., Λ _{m, BN} having wavelengths longer than the paired wavelength band W.
The N wavelength multiplexers 11D include monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A1} , λ _{m, A2} ,..., Λ _{m, AN} and monitor wavelengths λ _{m, B1} , λ _{m, B2,.} It has a function of generating monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including different signal components, here different wavelength components, by wavelength multiplexing λ _{m, BN} for each pair.

[Inter-core crosstalk calculator]
Next, the configuration of the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an inter-core crosstalk calculating unit according to the fourth embodiment.
The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 includes an optical switch 12A and an optical spectrum analyzer 1E as main circuit units.

The optical switch 12A sequentially selects one of the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14 one by one or one designated as the target core Ci (i = 1 to N) as monitor light RMi.
The optical spectrum analyzer 12E observes the optical spectrum of the monitor light RMi selectively output from the optical switch 12A, and monitors wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} ˜, λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B 1} , The optical power related to the wavelength components corresponding to λ _{m, B2} ,..., λ _{m, BN} is detected, and based on the ratio (dB difference) between these optical powers, the target core Ci and the core Cj other than the target core Ci (j = Based on the inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} , XT _{ij, B} and the inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} , XT _{ij, B} And a function of calculating the wavelength dependence characteristic ΔXT _ij of the crosstalk between the cores.

[Operation of Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the inter-core crosstalk evaluation system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the monitor light generation unit 11 is a pair of lights having monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} ,..., Λ _{m, AN which} are shorter than the wavelength band W of the signal light SC1, SC2,. And the light of the monitor wavelengths λ _{m, B1} , λ _{m, B2} ,..., Λ _{m, BN} longer than the wavelength band W are generated by each light source 11A and combined by the wavelength multiplexer 11D. ., Monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN including different signal components, here different wavelength components.

FIG. 17 is an example of wavelength arrangement according to the fourth embodiment. In the wavelength arrangement example of FIG. 17, the monitoring wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _m shorter than the wavelength bands of the signal lights SC1, SC2,..., SCN, that is, the wavelength band W including the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _{s2 ,. , A2} ,..., .Lamda.m _{, AN} , a short wavelength light, and a monitor wavelength A longer than the wavelength band W. .lamda.m _{, B1} , .lamda.m _{, B2 ,.} The monitor light B is generated by the light source 11A. As a result, the signal light and the monitor light can be easily separated according to the wavelength, and the monitor light can be transmitted in a multi-core without deteriorating the transmission characteristics relating to the signal light. It becomes possible to evaluate crosstalk between cores. Further, since the wavelengths located on both sides of the wavelength band W are used as the monitor light, the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk can be calculated with high accuracy in a wide range including the wavelength band W.

Next, the wavelength combiner 13 combines the monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN transmitted from the monitor light generator 11 with the corresponding signal lights SC1, SC2,. The combined signal light is output to the multi-core transmission unit 52 as input light CI1, CI2,.
Thereafter, the wavelength demultiplexer 14 demultiplexes the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN from the output lights CO1, CO2,.

The inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 selects the monitor light RMi of the target core Ci from the monitor lights RM1, RM2,..., RMN output from the wavelength demultiplexer 14, and uses this monitor light RMi. Is observed with the optical spectrum analyzer 12E, and the optical powers related to λ _{m, A1} , λ _{m, A2} ,..., Λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B1} , λ _{m, B2 ,.} Based on this ratio, the inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} and XT _{ij, B} between the target core Ci and the core Cj other than the target core Ci is calculated for each of the monitor lights A and B.

FIG. 18 is an example of calculation of crosstalk between cores according to the fourth embodiment. Here, the monitoring wavelengths λ _{m, A1} , λ _{m, B1 of} the monitor light SM1 transmitted by the target core C1 and the monitor lights SM2, ..., SMN transmitted by the cores C2, ..., CN other than the target core C1 are monitored. The optical power ratios relating to the wavelengths λ _{m, A2} ˜˜λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B2} ˜˜λ _{m, BN} are crossed between the cores C1-C2 and between the cores C1-CN, respectively. Talks XT1-2 _{, A} ,..., XT1 _{-N, A} , XT1-2 _{, B} ,..., XT1 _{-N, B} are calculated.

Thereafter, the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 calculates the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk based on the inter-core crosstalk XT _{ij, A} and XT _{ij, B} related to the monitor lights A and B, and this wavelength. Based on the dependence characteristics, for example, the inter-core crosstalk at the wavelengths λ _s1 , λ _s2 , _{˜s λN} of the signal lights SC1, SC2 _,.

  FIG. 19 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence characteristics of inter-core crosstalk according to the fourth embodiment. The inter-core crosstalk has a wavelength-dependent characteristic that changes according to the wavelength of the signal light, and generally shows a tendency that the inter-core crosstalk increases as the wavelength becomes longer.

In the present embodiment, the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij (λ) between the cores i and j at an arbitrary wavelength λ is expressed as the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij , at the two wavelengths λ _{m, Aj} and λ _{m, Bj . When} linearly approximated by a straight line passing through _A , XT _{ij, B} , the wavelength dependence characteristic, that is, the value (slope) ΔXT _ij of the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij (λ) that changes per unit wavelength is expressed by the following equation (3 ) And the inter-core crosstalk XT _ij (λ) is obtained by the following equation (4).

[Effect of the fourth embodiment]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the monitor light generation unit 11 has shorter wavelengths for monitoring λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} ,..., Λ shorter than the wavelength band W generated by the light source 11A. a plurality of short-wavelength lights having _{m and AN ,} and a plurality of long-wavelength lights having long wavelengths for monitoring λ _{m, B1} , λ _{m, B2 ,.} , SMNs are respectively generated by being combined for each pair by the wavelength multiplexer 11D, and the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 monitors the target core Ci selected by the optical switch 12A. The optical spectrum of RMi is observed with the optical spectrum analyzer 12E, and the monitor wavelengths λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} ˜˜λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B 1} , λ _{m, B 2} ˜˜λ _{m, BN} corresponding inter-core crosstalk XT _ij based on the optical power ratio of wavelength _components, calculated _a, XT _ij, the _B, Was short wavelength light and long wavelength light inter-core crosstalk XT _ij relating the _{basis A,} XT _ij, to _B, and which was to calculate the wavelength dependent characteristics .DELTA.Xt _ij of inter-core crosstalk.

  As a result, in the operating (in-service) multi-core optical transmission system 50, it is possible to calculate the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk based on the optical spectrum instead of the frequency spectrum of the monitor light.

[Extended embodiment]
The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention. In addition, each embodiment can be implemented in any combination within a consistent range.

In the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 2, N different monitoring frequencies f _m1 , f _m2 ,... For N cores C1, C2 _,. , F _mN are assigned on a one-to-one basis, and the corresponding monitor lights SM1, SM2,..., SMN are modulated, but the inter-core crosstalk of the multi-core fiber is dominated by contributions from adjacent cores. The inter-core crosstalk from other cores is sufficiently low and may be ignored.

  Therefore, in such a case, the monitor lights corresponding to at least two adjacent cores of the multi-core fiber may be modulated with different monitoring frequencies. As a result, the monitor light corresponding to the non-adjacent cores that are not arranged adjacent to each other is allowed to be modulated at the same monitor frequency, so the number of monitor frequencies can be reduced to the maximum number of adjacent cores + 1. As a result, the circuit scale can be reduced. This configuration can also be applied to the second embodiment in the same manner. Furthermore, when it is not necessary to distinguish the crosstalk from each adjacent core, it is only necessary to distinguish the monitoring frequency of the measurement core from the monitoring frequency of the adjacent core, so the number of monitoring frequencies can be reduced to 2. It becomes possible.

Further, in the third embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 11, N different monitor wavelengths λ _m1 and λ _m2 for N cores C1, C2 _,. , ~, lambda monitor light SM1 with _mN, SM2, ~, the SMN, has been described for generating in each one-to-one, the inter-core crosstalk of the multicore fiber is a dominant contribution from adjacent core The inter-core crosstalk from other cores may be negligible because it is sufficiently low.

  Therefore, in such a case, the monitor light corresponding to at least two adjacent cores of the multi-core fiber may be generated from light of different monitoring wavelengths. As a result, monitor light corresponding to non-adjacent cores that are not arranged adjacent to each other is allowed to be generated with light of the same monitor wavelength, so the number of monitor wavelengths can be reduced to the maximum number of adjacent cores + 1. As a result, the circuit scale can be reduced. This configuration can also be applied to the fourth embodiment in the same manner. Furthermore, when it is not necessary to distinguish the crosstalk from each adjacent core, it is only necessary to distinguish the monitoring wavelength of the measurement core from the monitoring wavelength of the adjacent core, so the number of monitoring wavelengths can be reduced to two. It becomes possible.

The above embodiments are not limited to the case where the core of the multi-core fiber is a single mode, but can be applied to the case where the core is a multi-mode core in the same manner as described above.
Further, in the first and second embodiments described above, the branched light input by the optical modulator 11C of the monitor light generation unit 11 is frequency-modulated, and the inter-core crosstalk calculation unit 12 calculates the frequency component of the monitor light. The case of detection has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the branched light may be intensity-modulated, phase-modulated, or polarization-modulated in the optical modulator 11C. At this time, the inter-core crosstalk calculating unit 12 determines the intensity component, phase component, or polarization component of the monitor light. Each may be detected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Inter-core crosstalk evaluation system, 11 ... Monitor light generation part, 11A ... Light source, 11B ... Optical splitter, 11C ... Optical modulator, 11D ... Wavelength multiplexer, 12 ... Inter-core crosstalk calculation part, 12A ... Optical switch, 12B ... photoelectric conversion unit, 12C ... electric spectrum analyzer, 13 ... wavelength multiplexer, 14 ... wavelength demultiplexer, 50 ... multi-core optical transmission system, 51 ... signal light transmission unit, 52 ... multi-core transmission unit, 53 ... the signal light receiving unit, SC1, SC2, ~, SCN ... signal _{light, λ s1, λ s2, ~} , λ sN ... wavelength, SM1, SM2, ~, SMN ... monitor _{light, f m1, f m2, ~} , f _mN : monitor frequency, λ _m1 , λ _m2 , λ _mN , λ _{m, A} , λ _{m, B} , λ _{m, A 1} , λ _{m, A 2} , ˜, λ _{m, AN} , λ _{m, B 1} , λ _{m, B2, ~, λ m} , BN ... monitor wavelength, CI1, CI2, ~, CIN ... the input light, C1, C2, ~, N, Cj ... core, Ci ... target core, CO1, CO2, ~, CON , COi ... output light, RC1, RC2, ~, RCN ... signal light, RM1, RM2, ~, RMN , RMi ... monitor light, E _i , E _{i, A} , E _{i, B} ... electric signal, XT _ij , XT _{ij, A} , XT _{ij, B} , XT _ij (λ) ... crosstalk between cores, ΔXT _ij ... wavelength dependent characteristics.

Claims (8)

An inter-core crosstalk evaluation method for calculating an inter-core crosstalk generated between each core of a multicore fiber,
A monitor light generation step of generating a plurality of monitor lights having different wavelengths from the wavelength bands of the signal light transmitted in each core and including different signal components;
A wavelength combining step for combining the generated monitor light with the signal light of each core;
A wavelength demultiplexing step for demultiplexing the monitor light from the signal light transmitted by the target core to be evaluated among the cores;
An inter-core crosstalk calculating step of calculating inter-core crosstalk generated between the target core and a core other than the target core based on the signal component included in the wavelength-demultiplexed monitor light of the target core A method for evaluating crosstalk between cores, comprising: In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 1,
The monitor light generation step includes splitting the light having a wavelength different from the wavelength band into a plurality of light, and modulating the obtained branched light at different monitoring frequencies, thereby including different signal components. Respectively,
The inter-core crosstalk calculating step observes a frequency spectrum after photoelectrically converting the monitor light of the target core, and calculates the inter-core crosstalk based on a power ratio of frequency components corresponding to the monitoring frequency. A crosstalk evaluation method between cores characterized by In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 1,
The monitor light generation step includes: combining a short wavelength light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength band and a long wavelength light having a wavelength longer than the wavelength band; Each of the monitor lights including different signal components is generated by modulating each with a frequency,
The inter-core crosstalk calculating step observes a frequency spectrum after photoelectrically converting each of the short wavelength light and the long wavelength light selected from the monitor light of the target core, and corresponds to the monitoring frequency. The inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on the power ratio of the frequency components to be calculated, and the wavelength dependence characteristics of the inter-core crosstalk is calculated based on the inter-core crosstalk regarding the short wavelength light and the long wavelength light. Inter-core crosstalk evaluation method. In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 1,
The monitor light generation step generates light having different monitor wavelengths as the monitor light, which is different from the wavelength band and different from each other.
The inter-core crosstalk calculating step includes observing an optical spectrum for the monitor light of the target core, and calculating the inter-core crosstalk based on an optical power ratio of a wavelength component corresponding to the monitoring wavelength. To evaluate crosstalk between cores. In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 1,
The monitoring light generation step includes a plurality of short wavelength light having a shorter wavelength for monitoring that is shorter than the wavelength band and different from each other, and a plurality of long wavelengths having a longer wavelength for monitoring that is longer than the wavelength band and different from each other. The monitor light is respectively generated by combining the light with each pair,
The inter-core crosstalk calculating step was performed by observing an optical spectrum for the monitor light of the target core and calculating the inter-core crosstalk based on the optical power ratio of the wavelength component corresponding to the monitoring wavelength. A method for evaluating crosstalk between cores, comprising calculating the wavelength dependence characteristics of crosstalk between cores based on crosstalk between cores relating to short wavelength light and long wavelength light. In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The inter-core crosstalk evaluation method characterized in that the monitor light generation step modulates monitor light corresponding to at least two adjacently arranged cores of the multi-core fiber at different monitor frequencies. In the inter-core crosstalk evaluation method according to claim 4 or 5,
The inter-core crosstalk evaluation method characterized in that the monitor light generation step generates monitor light corresponding to at least two adjacently arranged cores of the multi-core fiber from light of different monitoring wavelengths. An inter-core crosstalk evaluation system that calculates inter-core crosstalk generated between cores of a multicore fiber,
A monitor light generation unit that generates a plurality of monitor lights having different wavelengths from the wavelength band of the signal light transmitted in each core and including different signal components;
A wavelength multiplexer that multiplexes the generated monitor light with the signal light of each core; and
A wavelength demultiplexer for demultiplexing the monitor light from the signal light transmitted by the target core to be evaluated among the cores;
An inter-core crosstalk calculating unit that calculates inter-core crosstalk generated between the target core and a core other than the target core based on the signal component included in the monitor light of the target core subjected to wavelength demultiplexing An inter-core crosstalk evaluation system comprising: and.

Images