JP5985006B1 - Speaker - Google Patents
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- JP5985006B1 JP5985006B1 JP2015110983A JP2015110983A JP5985006B1 JP 5985006 B1 JP5985006 B1 JP 5985006B1 JP 2015110983 A JP2015110983 A JP 2015110983A JP 2015110983 A JP2015110983 A JP 2015110983A JP 5985006 B1 JP5985006 B1 JP 5985006B1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】金属板と圧電素子を貼付したスピーカで、出力音の歪率が低いものを提供すること。【解決手段】金属板１の縦弾性係数をＥ（ｋＮ／ｍｍ２）、密度をρ（ｇ／ｃｍ３）とし、前記貼付が行われた貼付面における金属板１の面積をＳｍ、圧電素子２の面積をＳｐとし、Ｘ＝（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ）・（ρ／Ｅ）とするとき、Ｘの値が、０．０１〜０．０８であることを特徴とするスピーカを提供する。金属板と圧電素子の面積比を調整して、低歪率を実現するものである。Ｘの値が、０．０１〜０．０８であれば歪率が２％以下となることを検証した。【選択図】図２An object of the present invention is to provide a speaker having a metal plate and a piezoelectric element attached, and having a low distortion rate of output sound. The longitudinal elastic modulus of the metal plate 1 is E (kN / mm 2), the density is ρ (g / cm 3), the area of the metal plate 1 on the applied surface where the application is performed is Sm, and the piezoelectric element 2 Provided is a loudspeaker characterized in that when the area is Sp and X = (Sp / Sm) · (ρ / E), the value of X is 0.01 to 0.08. By adjusting the area ratio of the metal plate and the piezoelectric element, a low distortion rate is realized. When the value of X is 0.01 to 0.08, it was verified that the distortion rate was 2% or less. [Selection] Figure 2
Description
本発明は、スピーカに関する。 The present invention relates to a speaker.
イヤホン等に用いられるスピーカには、例えば特許文献１に開示されたように、圧電素子を振動板に当接させたものが知られている。 As a speaker used for an earphone or the like, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a speaker in which a piezoelectric element is brought into contact with a diaphragm is known.
この際、圧電素子と振動板の全体として、内部減衰率を低くすることが重要である。振動によって発生した波動エネルギーの減衰を最小限に抑えることで、音響的な直線性歪みを抑制することができる。また、減衰率は周波数に依存するため、減衰率が最大となる周波数における減衰率を小さくすることが重要となる。 At this time, it is important to reduce the internal attenuation factor of the piezoelectric element and the diaphragm as a whole. Acoustic linearity distortion can be suppressed by minimizing the attenuation of wave energy generated by vibration. Further, since the attenuation rate depends on the frequency, it is important to reduce the attenuation rate at the frequency at which the attenuation rate is maximum.
ダイナミックスピーカにおいて音響的に優れた金属材料としては、金属内部でのエネルギーロスを抑えるものが好ましい。換言すれば、軽量で硬質の材料が良いと言われている。代表的な高音質金属としては、チタンやベリリウムなどが上げられる。これら金属は、コイル駆動型のダイナミックスピーカにおいて、振動板そのものの音響特性を向上させるために、特に高級オーディオ機器に用いられている。 As a metal material that is acoustically excellent in a dynamic speaker, a material that suppresses energy loss inside the metal is preferable. In other words, light and hard materials are said to be good. Typical high sound quality metals include titanium and beryllium. These metals are used particularly in high-grade audio equipment in order to improve the acoustic characteristics of the diaphragm itself in a coil-driven dynamic speaker.
一方、金属板に圧電素子を貼付したスピーカについては、金属板と圧電素子の貼付により屈曲振動を発生させる構造に基づき、出力音の歪率を小さくするため、金属板の特性と圧電素子の形状とで、何らかの最適化を図る必要があった。 On the other hand, for a speaker with a piezoelectric element affixed to a metal plate, the characteristics of the metal plate and the shape of the piezoelectric element are used to reduce the distortion rate of the output sound based on a structure that generates bending vibration by affixing the metal plate and the piezoelectric element. Therefore, some optimization was necessary.
本発明は、金属板と圧電素子を貼付したスピーカで、出力音の歪率が低いものを提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a speaker having a metal plate and a piezoelectric element attached, and having a low distortion rate of output sound.
金属板と圧電素子の面積比を調整して、低歪率を実現する。一般に、金属板が軽量・硬質であれば、圧電素子を金属板の全面に貼付しても、金属板の音伝導によって低歪率の音が出力される。一方、金属板が非軽量あるいは軟質である場合には、圧電素子を金属板の全面に貼付すると、特に金属板の周縁部で圧電素子の振動が十分に伝達されず歪を生じる。逆に、金属板に圧電素子が貼付されていない箇所が大きいと、特に金属板が軽量・硬質の場合に、空間に放射されない金属板内の音伝導によって歪を生じる。してみれば、金属板の面積に対する圧電素子の面積は、金属板が軽量・硬質であれば大きく、非軽量・軟質であれば小さくすべきである。 A low distortion is achieved by adjusting the area ratio of the metal plate and the piezoelectric element. In general, if the metal plate is light and hard, a low distortion sound is output by sound conduction of the metal plate even if the piezoelectric element is attached to the entire surface of the metal plate. On the other hand, when the metal plate is non-lightweight or soft, when the piezoelectric element is attached to the entire surface of the metal plate, the vibration of the piezoelectric element is not sufficiently transmitted particularly at the peripheral portion of the metal plate, thereby generating distortion. On the contrary, when the location where the piezoelectric element is not affixed to the metal plate is large, distortion occurs due to sound conduction in the metal plate that is not emitted into the space, particularly when the metal plate is light and hard. Accordingly, the area of the piezoelectric element relative to the area of the metal plate should be large if the metal plate is light and hard, and small if it is non-light and soft.
本発明のスピーカは、
圧電素子を金属板に貼付し、圧電素子の振動によって金属板に屈曲振動を発生させるスピーカにおいて、
金属板の縦弾性係数をＥ（ｋＮ／ｍｍ２）（Ｎは力量の単位ニュートン）、密度をρ（ｇ／ｃｍ３）とし、前記貼付が行われた貼付面における金属板の面積をＳｍ、圧電素子の面積をＳｐとし、Ｘ＝（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ）・（ρ／Ｅ）とするとき、Ｘの値が、０．０１〜０．０８であることを特徴とする。
The speaker of the present invention is
In a speaker in which a piezoelectric element is attached to a metal plate and bending vibration is generated in the metal plate by vibration of the piezoelectric element.
The longitudinal elastic modulus of the metal plate is E (kN / mm 2 ) (N is the unit Newton of force), the density is ρ (g / cm 3 ), and the area of the metal plate on the application surface where the application is performed is Sm, When the area of the piezoelectric element is Sp and X = (Sp / Sm) · (ρ / E), the value of X is 0.01 to 0.08.
この特徴によれば、金属板が軽量・硬質（ρ／Ｅが小さい）場合には金属板と圧電素子の面積比（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ）を大きくし、非軽量・軟質（ρ／Ｅが大きい）場合には面積比を小さくする。低歪率のスピーカとなる。なお、出願人の実験によれば、Ｘの値は０．０２〜０．０７が最適であり、０．０１〜０．０８では歪率が小さかった（後述の実施例参照）。
ここで、「縦弾性係数」は、金属板の厚み方向の弾性係数である。
According to this feature, when the metal plate is light and rigid (ρ / E is small), the area ratio (Sp / Sm) between the metal plate and the piezoelectric element is increased, and non-light and soft (ρ / E is large). In some cases, the area ratio is reduced. It becomes a speaker with low distortion. According to the applicant's experiment, the optimum value of X was 0.02 to 0.07, and the distortion rate was small at 0.01 to 0.08 (see Examples described later).
Here, the “longitudinal elastic modulus” is an elastic modulus in the thickness direction of the metal plate.
本発明のスピーカは、
前記Ｘの値が、０．０２〜０．０７であることを特徴とする。
The speaker of the present invention is
The value of X is 0.02 to 0.07.
Ｘの値を最適化するものである。 The value of X is optimized.
本発明のスピーカは、
前記貼付面において、前記金属板と前記圧電素子とが略相似形状であり、前記金属板と前記圧電素子の重心位置が略一致することを特徴とする。
The speaker of the present invention is
In the affixing surface, the metal plate and the piezoelectric element have a substantially similar shape, and the gravity center positions of the metal plate and the piezoelectric element substantially coincide with each other.
この特徴によれば、圧電素子が金属板の周縁から離間した位置に配される。金属板の周縁における歪が軽減される。 According to this feature, the piezoelectric element is disposed at a position separated from the peripheral edge of the metal plate. Distortion at the periphery of the metal plate is reduced.
本発明のスピーカは、
前記圧電素子と前記金属板とを貫通する孔を有することを特徴とする。
The speaker of the present invention is
It has a hole penetrating the piezoelectric element and the metal plate.
この特徴によれば、孔に基づいて金属板と圧電素子を合わせた形状について多様な共振周波数を持つ。周波数特性がフラットになり、特定の周波数に尖出した歪が緩和される。 According to this feature, the shape in which the metal plate and the piezoelectric element are combined based on the hole has various resonance frequencies. The frequency characteristics are flattened, and distortion that is sharp at a specific frequency is alleviated.
本発明によれば金属板と圧電素子を貼付したスピーカで、出力音の歪率が低いものを提供することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a speaker having a metal plate and a piezoelectric element attached and having a low distortion rate of output sound.
図１は、本発明のスピーカを示す図である。金属板１に、圧電素子２が貼付されている。貼付面（図の上方から見た面）における金属板１の面積はＳｍ、圧電素子２の面積はＳｐである。金属板１に貼付される圧電素子２の面積Ｓｐは、当然に金属板１の面積Ｓｍ以下である。すなわち、（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ）≦１である。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a speaker of the present invention. A piezoelectric element 2 is attached to the metal plate 1. The area of the metal plate 1 on the sticking surface (the surface seen from above in the figure) is Sm, and the area of the piezoelectric element 2 is Sp. The area Sp of the piezoelectric element 2 attached to the metal plate 1 is naturally less than or equal to the area Sm of the metal plate 1. That is, (Sp / Sm) ≦ 1.
図１（Ａ）に円形の金属板１及び圧電素子２、図１（Ｂ）に方形の金属板１及び圧電素子２を示す。このように、金属板１及び圧電素子２の形状は任意に設計することができる。なお、金属板１及び圧電素子２が略相似形状であり、前記金属板と前記圧電素子の重心位置が略一致することが、金属板の周縁における歪を軽減する上で好ましい。 FIG. 1A shows a circular metal plate 1 and a piezoelectric element 2, and FIG. 1B shows a square metal plate 1 and a piezoelectric element 2. Thus, the shapes of the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 can be arbitrarily designed. It is preferable that the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 have substantially similar shapes, and that the positions of the centers of gravity of the metal plate and the piezoelectric element substantially coincide with each other in order to reduce distortion at the periphery of the metal plate.
金属板１及び圧電素子２には、孔３を設けてもよい。孔３は、金属板１及び圧電素子２を貫通している。これにより、振動板が、孔に区切られた区間の長さの相違により、多様な共振周波数を持つ。圧電素子２についても孔３が貫通しているので、金属板１の共振周波数（金属板１及び圧電素子２全体としての共振周波数）は、多様になる。周波数特性がフラットになり、特定の周波数に尖出した歪が緩和される。 A hole 3 may be provided in the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2. The hole 3 penetrates the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2. As a result, the diaphragm has various resonance frequencies due to the difference in length of the section divided by the holes. Since the hole 3 also penetrates the piezoelectric element 2, the resonance frequency of the metal plate 1 (resonance frequency of the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 as a whole) varies. The frequency characteristics are flattened, and distortion that is sharp at a specific frequency is alleviated.
図２は、Ｘの値と歪の関係を示す図である。金属板１として真鍮（ρ／Ｅ＝０．０８７）を用い、金属板１及び圧電素子２を円形とし、金属板１及び圧電素子２の中心位置を一致させ、孔３を設けない場合の実験結果である。Ｘ＝０．００５、Ｘ＝０．００９、Ｘ＝０．０４、Ｘ＝０．０８５における歪率を周波数別に示したものである。横軸に周波数、縦軸に歪率を示す。 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the value of X and distortion. An experiment in which brass (ρ / E = 0.087) is used as the metal plate 1, the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 are circular, the center positions of the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 are matched, and the hole 3 is not provided. It is a result. The distortion rate at X = 0.005, X = 0.09, X = 0.04, and X = 0.085 is shown for each frequency. The horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents distortion.
歪率が周波数に依存して変化するが、最大の歪率を見ると、Ｘ＝０．００５（図に４ａで示す）が最も大きく、Ｘ＝０．０４（図に４ｃで示す）が最も小さく、Ｘ＝０．００９（図に４ｂで示す）及びＸ＝０．０８５（図に４ｄで示す）はその中間である。 Although the distortion varies depending on the frequency, when looking at the maximum distortion, X = 0.005 (indicated by 4a in the figure) is the largest, and X = 0.04 (indicated by 4c in the figure) is the largest. Small, X = 0.0099 (indicated by 4b in the figure) and X = 0.085 (indicated by 4d in the figure) are intermediate.
図２は、一実験例であるが、金属板１の材質や金属板１及び圧電素子２の形状を他のものとしたり、金属板１及び圧電素子２の形状を相似でなくしたりしても、同様であった。Ｘ＝０．０４〜０．０６において最大歪が最小となった。 FIG. 2 is an experimental example, but the material of the metal plate 1 and the shapes of the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 may be different, or the shapes of the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2 may be made similar. And so on. The maximum strain was minimized at X = 0.04 to 0.06.
図３は、Ｘの値と最大歪の関係を示す図である。横軸にＸ、縦軸に最大歪を示す。種々の実験結果の平均値である。また、図２における４ａ〜４ｄを表示した。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the value of X and the maximum distortion. The horizontal axis indicates X, and the vertical axis indicates the maximum strain. It is an average value of various experimental results. Moreover, 4a-4d in FIG. 2 was displayed.
図３より、Ｘ＝０．０１〜０．０８において最大歪が２％未満となる。楽器の音色が十分に判別できる高音質である。また、Ｘ＝０．０２〜０．０７においては最大歪が１％程度まで小さくなっている。 From FIG. 3, the maximum strain is less than 2% at X = 0.01 to 0.08. The sound quality is high enough to distinguish the tone of the instrument. Further, when X = 0.02 to 0.07, the maximum strain is reduced to about 1%.
ここで、Ｘ＜０．０１、Ｘ＞０．０８における最大歪の増加が観察されている。すなわち、Ｓｐ／Ｓｍを調整してＸ＝０．０１〜０．０８とすることが高音質を得るために必要である。例えば、金属板１として軽量・硬質のチタン（ρ／Ｅ＝０．０４２）を用いる場合にはＳｐ／Ｓｍを１に近くする（金属板のほぼ全面に圧電素子を貼付する）ことが好ましい。また金属板１として軟質の銀（ρ／Ｅ＝０．１０４）を用いる場合にはＳｐ／Ｓｍを小さくする（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ＜０．７６）ことで高音質を得る。 Here, an increase in the maximum strain at X <0.01 and X> 0.08 is observed. That is, it is necessary to adjust Sp / Sm so that X = 0.01 to 0.08 in order to obtain high sound quality. For example, when light and hard titanium (ρ / E = 0.042) is used as the metal plate 1, it is preferable to set Sp / Sm close to 1 (a piezoelectric element is pasted on almost the entire surface of the metal plate). Further, when soft silver (ρ / E = 0.104) is used as the metal plate 1, high sound quality is obtained by reducing Sp / Sm (Sp / Sm <0.76).
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明のスピーカは、金属板１と圧電素子２の面積比を調整して、低歪率を実現するものである。なお、金属板１と圧電素子２を貫通する孔３を設けることで、最大歪が低下する。この場合にも、Ｘ＝０．０１〜０．０８において最大歪が小さくなることは同様である。 As described above in detail, the speaker of the present invention realizes a low distortion rate by adjusting the area ratio between the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2. The maximum strain is reduced by providing the hole 3 penetrating the metal plate 1 and the piezoelectric element 2. In this case as well, it is the same that the maximum strain decreases when X = 0.01 to 0.08.
高音質のスピーカであり、多くの音響機器製造業者による利用が考えられる。 It is a high-quality speaker and can be used by many audio equipment manufacturers.
１ 金属板
２ 圧電素子
３ 孔
４ 最大歪
1 Metal plate 2 Piezoelectric element 3 Hole 4 Maximum strain
Claims (4)
金属板の縦弾性係数をＥ（ｋＮ／ｍｍ２）、密度をρ（ｇ／ｃｍ３）とし、前記貼付が行われた貼付面における金属板の面積をＳｍ、圧電素子の面積をＳｐとし、Ｘ＝（Ｓｐ／Ｓｍ）・（ρ／Ｅ）とするとき、Ｘの値が、０．０１〜０．０８であることを特徴とする、スピーカ。 In a speaker in which a piezoelectric element is attached to a metal plate and bending vibration is generated in the metal plate by vibration of the piezoelectric element.
The longitudinal elastic modulus of the metal plate is E (kN / mm 2 ), the density is ρ (g / cm 3 ), the area of the metal plate on the application surface where the application is performed is Sm, and the area of the piezoelectric element is Sp, A speaker, wherein the value of X is 0.01 to 0.08 when X = (Sp / Sm) · (ρ / E).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015110983A JP5985006B1 (en) | 2015-05-30 | 2015-05-30 | Speaker |
| TW105116373A TWI597990B (en) | 2015-05-30 | 2016-05-26 | Speaker |
| PCT/JP2016/065842 WO2016194857A1 (en) | 2015-05-30 | 2016-05-29 | Speaker |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015110983A JP5985006B1 (en) | 2015-05-30 | 2015-05-30 | Speaker |
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|---|---|
| JP5985006B1 true JP5985006B1 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
| JP2016225855A JP2016225855A (en) | 2016-12-28 |
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| JP2015110983A Expired - Fee Related JP5985006B1 (en) | 2015-05-30 | 2015-05-30 | Speaker |
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| JP (1) | JP5985006B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI597990B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016194857A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001339793A (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-07 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | Piezoelectric acoustic device |
| JP5012512B2 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-08-29 | 日本電気株式会社 | Piezoelectric actuator and electronic device |
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2015
- 2015-05-30 JP JP2015110983A patent/JP5985006B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2016
- 2016-05-26 TW TW105116373A patent/TWI597990B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2016-05-29 WO PCT/JP2016/065842 patent/WO2016194857A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001339793A (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-07 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | Piezoelectric acoustic device |
| JP5012512B2 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-08-29 | 日本電気株式会社 | Piezoelectric actuator and electronic device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201642670A (en) | 2016-12-01 |
| TWI597990B (en) | 2017-09-01 |
| JP2016225855A (en) | 2016-12-28 |
| WO2016194857A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
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