JP5974744B2 - Water tap - Google Patents
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- JP5974744B2 JP5974744B2 JP2012198976A JP2012198976A JP5974744B2 JP 5974744 B2 JP5974744 B2 JP 5974744B2 JP 2012198976 A JP2012198976 A JP 2012198976A JP 2012198976 A JP2012198976 A JP 2012198976A JP 5974744 B2 JP5974744 B2 JP 5974744B2
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Description
本発明は、地盤に設置される鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体に形成された開口部に取り付けられる通水用栓に関する。 The present invention relates to a water faucet that is attached to an opening formed in a steel material, a concrete pile, or a wall body installed on the ground.
軟弱な砂層地盤など地震時に液状化の発生が懸念される地盤上に構造物を構築する場合、もしくは既存の構造物に液状化対策を施す場合には、従来から各種工法が開発されている。
例えば、地盤が液状化しないように地盤強度（密度）を増大させる締固め工法（サンドコンパクションパイル工法など）、薬液注入などによる地盤改良工法などが幅広く適用されている。
しかし、同工法では周辺地盤をかなり広い領域にわたって対策する必要があるため用地確保が必要なことや、確実に効果を発揮するためには構造物直下地盤を改良することが肝要である。既設構造物への適用を考えた場合、一旦構造物を撤去し、地盤を改良した後に再び構造物を設置するか、構造物周辺地盤から構造物直下地盤の改良を施す必要がある。しかし、施工スペースの制限や、低騒音・低振動施工が求められるなど適用の制限を受けることが考えられる。さらに、対策工法や地盤の改良範囲によっては多大な工期、工費が必要となり非合理的となることも考えられる。
Various methods have been developed in the past when constructing a structure on the ground where liquefaction may occur during an earthquake, such as a soft sand layer ground, or when taking measures against liquefaction on an existing structure.
For example, a compaction method (such as a sand compaction pile method) that increases the strength (density) of the ground so that the ground does not liquefy, a ground improvement method using chemical injection, and the like are widely applied.
However, in this method, it is necessary to take measures for the surrounding ground over a considerably wide area, so it is necessary to secure the site, and it is important to improve the structure foundation ground board in order to exhibit the effect reliably. When considering application to an existing structure, it is necessary to remove the structure once and improve the ground, and then install the structure again, or improve the structure base ground from the ground around the structure. However, it is conceivable that the application space is restricted, such as the construction space is limited and low noise and low vibration construction is required. Furthermore, depending on the countermeasure construction method and the range of ground improvement, it may be irrational because a large construction period and cost are required.
このような問題を解決するための技術として特許文献１および特許文献２に記載の技術が知られている。
特許文献１に記載の矢板は、矢板本体に該矢板本体の長手方向に沿った排水路を形成する排水用部材を設け、該排水用部材に多数の孔（開口部）を穿設し、軸方向に貫通孔を有し該貫通孔内にフィルターを設けてなる栓（通水用栓）を、前記排水用部材に穿設した前記各孔に設け、さらに、前記貫通孔に、フィルター損傷防止用のフィルター防護部材を設けたものである。
As techniques for solving such problems, techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are known.
The sheet pile described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a drainage member that forms a drainage channel along the longitudinal direction of the sheet pile body in the sheet pile body, and a plurality of holes (openings) are drilled in the drainage member. A plug (water plug) having a through hole in the direction and having a filter in the through hole is provided in each hole drilled in the drainage member, and further, the filter damage is prevented in the through hole. A filter protection member is provided.
特許文献２に記載の矢板は、矢板本体に該矢板本体の長手方向に沿った排水路を形成する排水用部材を設け、該排水用部材に多数の孔（開口部）を穿設し、軸方向に貫通孔を有し該貫通孔内にフィルターを設けてなる栓（通水用栓）を、前記排水用部材に穿設した前記各孔に設けたものである。
また、このような矢板を地盤に設置（打設）する場合に、貫通孔から微細な土粒子あるいは粘性土の粒子が侵入し、フィルターに付着すると、排水効果が低下し、所定の液状化抑止効果が期待し難い。これを防止するため、フィルターを有する栓の貫通孔に所定時間経過後に水に溶ける物質（水溶性物質）を予め充填している。
The sheet pile described in Patent Document 2 is provided with a drainage member that forms a drainage channel along the longitudinal direction of the sheet pile body in the sheet pile body, and a plurality of holes (openings) are drilled in the drainage member. A plug (water plug) having a through hole in the direction and having a filter provided in the through hole is provided in each hole formed in the drainage member.
In addition, when such a sheet pile is installed (placed) on the ground, if fine soil particles or viscous soil particles enter through the through holes and adhere to the filter, the drainage effect is reduced, and the predetermined liquefaction suppression It is difficult to expect an effect. In order to prevent this, the through-hole of the stopper having the filter is previously filled with a substance (water-soluble substance) that dissolves in water after a predetermined time has elapsed.
前記従来の技術では、排水用部材を取り付けた矢板を打設するようにしているため施工時間の短縮が可能であり、効果的かつ経済的である。 In the prior art, since the sheet pile to which the drainage member is attached is driven, the construction time can be shortened, which is effective and economical.
ところで、前記特許文献１に記載の技術では、フィルター防護部材によって、矢板の施工時（打設時）におけるフィルターの損傷を防止できるが、微細な砂あるいは粘性土の粒子がフィルター防護部材を通って侵入し、フィルター防護部材の通水孔に詰まる、あるいはフィルターに付着する場合があった。
また、特許文献２に記載の技術では、フィルターを有する栓の貫通孔に、水溶性物質をフィルター上に直接充填しているだけであるので、矢板の地盤への施工時（打設時）に、水溶性物質が地盤との接触によって削り取られて、フィルターの少なくとも一部が地盤側に露出してしまう場合があった。この場合、微細な粘性土の粒子がフィルターに付着するおそれがある。
このように従来のいずれの技術においても、微細な砂や粘性土の粒子がフィルター防護部材の通水孔に詰まったり、フィルターに付着するおそれがあり、そうした場合、通水性が低下してしまい、地震時に排水機能を十分に発揮できないという問題があった。
By the way, in the technique of the said patent document 1, although the filter protection member can prevent damage to the filter at the time of construction of a sheet pile (at the time of placing), fine sand or clay particles pass through the filter protection member. There was a case where the water entered the filter protective member and clogged or adhered to the filter.
Moreover, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, since the water-soluble substance is only directly filled in the through hole of the stopper having the filter on the filter, the construction of the sheet pile on the ground (at the time of placing) In some cases, the water-soluble substance is scraped off by contact with the ground, and at least a part of the filter is exposed to the ground side. In this case, fine clayey particles may adhere to the filter.
As described above, in any conventional technique, fine sand or clay particles may clog the water passage holes of the filter protection member or adhere to the filter. There was a problem that the drainage function could not be fully demonstrated during the earthquake.
本発明は、前記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、フィルターの損傷を防止するともに、フィルターへの微細な粘性土の粒子の付着を防止できる通水用栓を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water passage plug that can prevent damage to a filter and prevent adhesion of fine clay particles to the filter.
前記目的を達成するために、本発明の通水用栓は、地盤に設置される鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体に形成された開口部に取り付けられる通水用栓であって、
軸方向に貫通する貫通孔を有する栓本体と、前記貫通孔に設けられた通水性を有するフィルターおよび通水性を有するフィルター防護部材を備え、
前記フィルター防護部材は、複数の防護部材通水孔を有し、
当該防護部材通水孔に水溶性物質が充填されていることを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the water plug of the present invention is a water plug attached to an opening formed in a steel material, a concrete pile or a wall body installed on the ground,
A plug body having a through-hole penetrating in the axial direction, a water-permeable filter provided in the through-hole, and a water-permeable filter protective member;
The filter protection member has a plurality of protection member water holes,
The protective member water passage is filled with a water-soluble substance.
ここで、水溶性物質とは、所定時間経過後（例えば３週間以内）に水に溶ける物質のことであり、例えば、水溶性ポリマーのメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースの水との混合物、塩化ナトリウム系、あるいはポリビニルアルコール系の物質等が挙げられる。このような水溶性物質を用いることにより、前記効果が発揮されるが、それ以外でも、水溶性物質として所定時間以内（すなわち、排水機能付鋼材１の地盤打設後、工事が竣工するまでの時間以内。場合により１〜６ケ月くらい以内でもよい）に地下水に溶けるものなら特に限定されない。 Here, the water-soluble substance is a substance that dissolves in water after a predetermined time (for example, within 3 weeks), for example, a water-soluble polymer methylcellulose, a mixture of carboxymethylcellulose with water, a sodium chloride system, or Examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol-based substances. By using such a water-soluble substance, the above-mentioned effect is exhibited. However, other than that, the water-soluble substance can be used within a predetermined time (that is, after the grounding of the steel material with drainage function 1 until the construction is completed). It is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves in groundwater within a certain period of time (may be within 1-6 months in some cases).
本発明においては、栓本体の貫通孔にフィルター防護部材が設けられているので、鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体を地盤に打設する際に、土砂等によってフィルターが損傷するのを防止できる。
また、フィルター防護部材の防護部材通水孔に水溶性物質が充填されているので、栓本体の貫通孔に水溶性物質を充填する場合に比して、水溶性物質の栓本体への付着力が高まるとともに、当該水溶性物質がフィルター防護部材によって保護されることになる。したがって、鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体を地盤に打設する際に、この水溶性物質が削り取られるのを防止して、フィルターの地盤側への露出を防止できるので、当該フィルターへの微細な砂分や粘性土の粒子の付着を防止できる。
In the present invention, since the filter protective member is provided in the through hole of the plug body, it is possible to prevent the filter from being damaged by earth and sand when the steel material, the concrete pile or the wall body is placed on the ground.
Moreover, since the water-soluble substance is filled in the protective member water passage hole of the filter protective member, the adhesion force of the water-soluble substance to the plug body is larger than when the water-soluble substance is filled in the through hole of the plug body. As the water content increases, the water-soluble substance is protected by the filter protection member. Therefore, when the steel material, concrete pile or wall body is placed on the ground, this water-soluble substance can be prevented from being scraped off and the filter can be prevented from being exposed to the ground side. Can prevent adhesion of minute and clay particles.
本発明の前記構成において、前記貫通孔に、前記フィルター防護部材の前方において水溶性物質が前記フィルター防護部材に密着して充填されていてもよい。 In the configuration of the present invention, the through hole may be filled with a water-soluble substance in close contact with the filter protection member in front of the filter protection member.
ここで、フィルター防護部材の前方とは、フィルター防護部材の地盤側に向く方向のことを言う。 Here, the front of the filter protection member refers to a direction facing the ground side of the filter protection member.
このような構成によれば、水溶性物質が、防護部材通水孔とフィルター防護部材の前方の貫通孔との双方に充填されているので、水溶性物質の栓本体の軸方向における厚さが厚くなる。したがって、水溶性物質によるフィルターの保護機能が高まる。 According to such a configuration, since the water-soluble substance is filled in both the protective member water passage hole and the through hole in front of the filter protective member, the thickness of the water-soluble substance in the axial direction of the plug body is small. Become thicker. Accordingly, the protection function of the filter by the water-soluble substance is enhanced.
また、本発明の前記構成において、前記栓本体の前記貫通孔に、通水性を有するフィルター補強部材が前記フィルターを挟んで前記フィルター防護部材と反対側に設けられていてもよい。 Moreover, the said structure of this invention WHEREIN: The filter reinforcement member which has water permeability in the said through-hole of the said plug main body may be provided on the opposite side to the said filter protection member on both sides of the said filter.
このような構成によれば、栓本体の貫通孔に、フィルターを挟んでフィルター防護部材とフィルター補強部材とが設けられているので、鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体を地盤に打設する際に、地盤側からフィルターにフィルター防護部材を通して土水圧が作用しても、フィルター補強部材によってフィルターの膨らみを抑制できる。したがって、フィルターが膨らんで栓本体から剥がれたり、破損したりするのを防止できる。また、地盤の液状化時においても同様にしてフィルターの剥がれや破損を防止できる。 According to such a configuration, since the filter protection member and the filter reinforcing member are provided in the through hole of the plug body with the filter interposed therebetween, when placing the steel material, the concrete pile or the wall body on the ground, Even if soil water pressure acts on the filter from the ground side through the filter protection member, the filter reinforcement member can suppress the swelling of the filter. Therefore, it can prevent that a filter swells and peels from a plug main body, or is damaged. Further, when the ground is liquefied, the filter can be prevented from peeling off or being damaged.
また、本発明の前記構成において、前記フィルター補強部材は複数の補強部材通水孔を有し、当該補強部材通水孔に水溶性物質が充填されていてもよい。 Moreover, the said structure of this invention WHEREIN: The said filter reinforcement member has a some reinforcement member water passage hole, and the said reinforcement member water passage hole may be filled with the water-soluble substance.
このような構成によれば、フィルターの一方側にあるフィルター防護部材の防護部材通水孔と、他方側にあるフィルター補強部材の補強部材通水孔との双方に、水溶性物質が充填されているので、現場において通水用栓が取り付けられた鋼材、コンクリート杭または壁体を仮置きしている場合等に、フィルターを当該水溶性物質によって、細かい塵等から保護できる。 According to such a configuration, both the protective member water passage hole of the filter protective member on one side of the filter and the reinforcing member water passage hole of the filter reinforcing member on the other side are filled with the water-soluble substance. Therefore, the filter can be protected from fine dust or the like by the water-soluble substance when a steel material, a concrete pile or a wall body to which a water passage plug is attached is temporarily placed at the site.
本発明によれば、フィルター防護部材を備えており、このフィルター防護部材の防護部材通水孔に水溶性物質が充填されているので、フィルターの損傷を防止するともに、フィルターへの微細な粘性土の粒子の付着を防止できる。 According to the present invention, the filter protective member is provided, and the protective member water passage hole of the filter protective member is filled with the water-soluble substance, so that the filter can be prevented from being damaged and the fine viscous soil to the filter can be prevented. Can prevent adhesion of particles.
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
（第１の実施の形態）
図１および図２は第１の実施の形態に係る通水用栓を示す。図１は通水用栓を鋼材に取り付けた状態を示す断面図、図２は通水用栓を示し、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は正面図、（ｃ）は背面図である。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1 and 2 show a water passage plug according to the first embodiment. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a water passage stopper is attached to a steel material, FIG. 2 shows a water passage stopper, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a rear view. .
通水用栓１６は、地盤中に設置される後述する鋼材２の排水用部材３に形成された開口部５に取り付けられるものであって、栓本体６ａ、栓離脱防止部６ｂ，６ｃ、フィルター７、フィルター防護部材８等を備えている。
栓本体６ａには、その軸方向（図１において左右方向）に貫通する貫通孔６ｄが形成されており、この貫通孔６ｄに前記フィルター防護部材８が設けられている。フィルター防護部材８は、フィルター７の損傷を防止するためのものであり、メッシュ状に配置された多数の防護部材通水孔８ａを有しており、これによって通水性を有している。なお、このような防護部材通水孔８ａは、縦横に格子状に配置された桟材８ｂによって形成された孔である。
The water plug 16 is attached to the opening 5 formed in the drainage member 3 of the steel material 2 to be described later installed in the ground, and includes a plug body 6a, plug detachment preventing parts 6b and 6c, a filter. 7. A filter protection member 8 is provided.
The plug body 6a is formed with a through-hole 6d penetrating in the axial direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1), and the filter protection member 8 is provided in the through-hole 6d. The filter protection member 8 is for preventing the filter 7 from being damaged, and has a large number of protection member water passage holes 8a arranged in a mesh shape, thereby having water permeability. In addition, such a protection member water flow hole 8a is a hole formed by the crosspiece 8b arrange | positioned at the grid form vertically and horizontally.
前記防護部材通水孔８ａは四角形状に形成されているが、この防護部材通水孔８ａの形状は四角形に限るものでなく、円形、多角形、またはその他の形状などに形成してもよい。また、フィルター防護部材８の各通水孔８ａの大きさ、形状は等しくなっているが、異なる大きさ、形状としてもよい。また、フィルター７は、後述する排水機能付鋼材１の施工時に地盤との摩擦によって破損するおそれがあるため、通水用栓１６にはフィルター防護部材８を設けている。フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａの大きさは対象とする地盤を構成する石や砂の大きさを考慮し適宜設定すればよい。例えば、一般的には、防護部材通水孔８ａの大きさは、フィルター７のメッシュまたは間隙以上で、地盤特性や通水用栓の寸法を考慮して０．５〜５０ｍｍ程度に設定することができる。ただし、防護部材通水孔８ａに水溶性物質ＳＢを充填する場合は、水溶性物質ＳＢにも補完的にフィルター７を防護する機能を持たせることができるので、防護部材通水孔８ａの大きさは０．５〜５０ｍｍ程度の範囲より大きく設定することもできる。フィルター防護部材８の材料は、例えば、塩化ビニール、ポリエチレン、ナイロン、ポリプロピレンなどの合成樹脂、ゴムなどでよく、フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａの大きさ、形状、桟材８ｂの厚さを調整することによって所要の強度を確保すればよい。
このようなフィルター防護部材８は、標準的には、栓本体６ａと樹脂の射出成形によって一体的に形成するのが効率的であるが、フィルター保護部材８を栓本体６aと接着により接合させる場合は、フィルター防護部材８はステンレス、チタンなどの金属製材料から製作したものを用いることもできる。
Although the protection member water passage hole 8a is formed in a square shape, the shape of the protection member water passage hole 8a is not limited to a square shape, and may be formed in a circular shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes. . Moreover, although the magnitude | size and shape of each water flow hole 8a of the filter protection member 8 are equal, it is good also as a different magnitude | size and shape. Moreover, since the filter 7 may be damaged by friction with the ground during construction of the steel material 1 with a drainage function, which will be described later, a filter protection member 8 is provided in the water plug 16. The size of the protective member water passage hole 8a of the filter protective member 8 may be appropriately set in consideration of the size of stones and sand constituting the target ground. For example, in general, the size of the protective member water passage hole 8a is set to about 0.5 to 50 mm in consideration of the ground characteristics and the size of the water passage plug, which is larger than the mesh or gap of the filter 7. Can do. However, when the water-soluble substance SB is filled in the protective member water passage hole 8a, the water-soluble substance SB can also have a function of complementarily protecting the filter 7, so that the size of the protective member water passage hole 8a is increased. The thickness can be set larger than the range of about 0.5 to 50 mm. The material of the filter protection member 8 may be, for example, synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride, polyethylene, nylon, polypropylene, or rubber, and the size and shape of the protection member water passage hole 8a of the filter protection member 8 and the thickness of the crosspiece 8b. The required strength may be ensured by adjusting the thickness.
It is efficient to form such a filter protection member 8 integrally with the plug body 6a by injection molding of resin, but when the filter protection member 8 is bonded to the plug body 6a by adhesion. The filter protection member 8 may be made of a metal material such as stainless steel or titanium.
前記フィルター７は、供用時、フィルター防護部材８を通過する土粒子が後述する排水用部材３内へ流入するのを防止するものであり、薄い経編布や不織布等によって形成されたものである。
また、フィルター７は、ステンレス製のフィルターを用いてもよく、合成繊維製のものや合成樹脂製のものを用いてもよい。発錆の懸念があるときは、後者のフィルターの方が好ましく、例えばナイロン製、ポリエチレンモノフィラメント製、ポリエステル製などの経編布や、ポリプロピレン製、ポリエステル繊維製などの不織布などを用いることができる。また、合成繊維どうし、あるいは合成繊維と合成樹脂を組み合わせたり、重ね合せたりして、フィルターとしてもよい。また、薄い合成繊維製フィルターを一重に設けてもよいし、このフィルターを二重に設けてもよい。
The filter 7 prevents the soil particles passing through the filter protection member 8 from flowing into the drainage member 3 to be described later, and is formed of a thin warp knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric. .
The filter 7 may be a stainless steel filter, or a synthetic fiber or a synthetic resin. When there is a concern about rusting, the latter filter is preferable. For example, a warp knitted fabric such as nylon, polyethylene monofilament, or polyester, or a nonwoven fabric such as polypropylene or polyester fiber can be used. Moreover, it is good also as a filter by combining or superposing synthetic fibers or synthetic fibers and synthetic resins. Moreover, a thin synthetic fiber filter may be provided in a single layer, or this filter may be provided in a double layer.
フィルター７としての経編布や不織布、またはステンレス製フィルターなどのメッシュまたは間隙は、液状化防止などの対象とする地盤（一般には砂地盤）の土の粒径分布を勘案して、土砂によるフィルターの目詰まりを起こさないように設定するのがよい。このメッシュまたは間隙は、液状化の可能性のある地盤で、土の粒径が特別大きく、比較的均一に分布している地盤では１〜３ｍｍ程度に大きく設定することも可能であるが、こうした地盤は少なく、液状化の可能性のある一般的な地盤では１〜３ｍｍ程度以下と小さく設定するのがよい。また、フィルター７は目詰まり防止のためには一般に薄い方が望ましい。
このためにも、通水用栓にはフィルター７を防護する部材が必要となる。
The mesh or gap of warp knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, or stainless steel filter as the filter 7 is a filter made of earth and sand in consideration of the particle size distribution of the soil (generally sand ground) to be liquefied. It is recommended to set so as not to cause clogging. This mesh or gap is a ground that has a possibility of liquefaction, and the soil particle size is particularly large. In the ground that is relatively evenly distributed, it can be set to be as large as 1 to 3 mm. In the general ground where there is little ground and there is a possibility of liquefaction, it is better to set it as small as about 1 to 3 mm or less. Further, it is generally desirable that the filter 7 is thin in order to prevent clogging.
For this reason, a member for protecting the filter 7 is required for the water passage stopper.
前記フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａには、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されている。水溶性物質ＳＢは、所定時間経過後（例えば３週間以内）に水に溶ける物質であればよく、例えば、水溶性ポリマーのメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースの水との混合物、塩化ナトリウム系、あるいはポリビニルアルコール系の物質等が挙げられる。このような水溶性物質を用いることにより、前記効果が発揮されるが、それ以外でも、水溶性物質として所定時間以内（すなわち、排水機能付鋼材１の地盤打設後、工事が竣工するまでの時間以内。場合により１〜６ケ月くらいでもよい）に地下水に溶けるものなら特に限定されない。
このような水溶性物質ＳＢを防護部材通水孔８ａに充填するには、例えば、栓本体６ａを射出成形によって形成したうえで、フィルター７を取り付けた後、当該フィルター７の裏面側（フィルター補強部材１０側）に防護部材通水孔８ａを裏側から塞ぐ塞ぎ板を配置し、次に、フィルター防護部材８の表面側から水溶性物質ＳＢを防護部材通水孔８ａに充填すればよい。
The protective member water passage hole 8a of the filter protective member 8 is filled with a water-soluble substance SB. The water-soluble substance SB only needs to be a substance that dissolves in water after a predetermined time (for example, within 3 weeks). For example, a water-soluble polymer methylcellulose, a mixture of carboxymethylcellulose with water, sodium chloride, or polyvinyl alcohol And the like. By using such a water-soluble substance, the above-mentioned effect is exhibited. However, other than that, the water-soluble substance can be used within a predetermined time (that is, after the grounding of the steel material with drainage function 1 until the construction is completed). It is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves in groundwater within an hour (may be 1 to 6 months depending on the case).
In order to fill the protective member water passage hole 8a with such a water-soluble substance SB, for example, after the plug body 6a is formed by injection molding and the filter 7 is attached, the back surface side of the filter 7 (filter reinforcement) A blocking plate that closes the protective member water passage hole 8a from the back side is disposed on the member 10 side, and then the water soluble substance SB is filled into the protective member water passage hole 8a from the surface side of the filter protective member 8.
前記栓離脱防止部６ｂ，６ｃは、通水用栓１６を取り付けた鋼材２を地盤に施工する際に、通水用栓１６の鋼材２からの離脱を防止するものである。栓離脱防止部６ｂは、図１に示すように、通水用栓１６を鋼材２に形成された開口部５に挿入する先端部側と反対側の端部（図１において左側の端部）に形成されている。また、栓離脱防止部６ｂの直径は開口部５の直径より大きくなっている。
また、図２（ａ）に示すように、栓離脱防止部６ｂは、栓本体６ａの左端部に一体的に、円板状に形成されている。この円板状の栓離脱防止部６ｂの外周部には、斜めに傾斜する環状の傾斜面６ｇが形成されており、この傾斜面６ｇと円板状の栓離脱防止部６ｂの裏面とのなす角度をθとすると、θ≦６０°に設定されている。
ここでθをこのように設定したのは、θが６０°を超えると、鋼材２を地盤に施工（打設）する際に、栓離脱防止部６ｂが土砂の圧力によって捲れあがって鋼材２から外れ易くなるからである。また、θが小さい場合には、栓離脱防止部６ｂの外周先端部は薄くなり地盤との摩擦により破断しやすくなる。この場合は、先端部を面取りして破断を回避すればよい。
The plug detachment preventing portions 6b and 6c prevent the detachment of the water plug 16 from the steel material 2 when the steel material 2 to which the water plug 16 is attached is constructed on the ground. As shown in FIG. 1, the stopper detachment preventing portion 6 b has an end portion on the opposite side to the tip end side (the left end portion in FIG. 1) into which the water plug 16 is inserted into the opening 5 formed in the steel material 2. Is formed. The diameter of the stopper detachment preventing portion 6b is larger than the diameter of the opening 5.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the stopper detachment preventing portion 6b is formed in a disc shape integrally with the left end portion of the stopper body 6a. An annular inclined surface 6g that is inclined obliquely is formed on the outer periphery of the disc-shaped stopper removal prevention portion 6b, and this inclined surface 6g and the back surface of the disk-like stopper removal prevention portion 6b are formed. When the angle is θ, θ ≦ 60 ° is set.
Here, θ is set in this way. When θ exceeds 60 °, when the steel material 2 is constructed (placed) on the ground, the plug detachment preventing portion 6b is swollen by the pressure of the earth and sand, so that the steel material 2 It is because it becomes easy to come off. When θ is small, the distal end portion of the outer periphery of the stopper detachment preventing portion 6b becomes thin and easily breaks due to friction with the ground. In this case, the tip may be chamfered to avoid breakage.
栓離脱防止部６ｃは、栓本体６ａの右端部に一体的に、円板状に形成されており、その直径は開口部５の直径より大きくなっている。また、栓本体６ａには、スリット６ｓが栓本体６ａの周方向に等間隔で例えば４つ形成されている。スリット６ｓの数は、栓本体６ａの材質、強度、形状等により栓離脱防止部６ｃが適切に縮径できるなら４に限らず適当な数に設定する。さらに当該スリット６ｓは栓本体６ａの軸方向中央部から栓離脱防止部６ｂにかけて形成されている。スリット６ｓの底部ｓ１は円弧状に形成されており、対向する辺部ｓ２，ｓ２と滑らかに接続されているのが望ましい。
このようにスリット６ｓを形成することによって、栓離脱防止部６ｃは弾性的な縮径を効率的に可能とし、縮径した状態では、栓離脱防止部６ｃの直径は開口部５の直径以下となっている。
また、スリット６ｓの底部ｓ１と辺部ｓ２，ｓ２とが滑らかに接続されているので、栓離脱防止部６ｃを弾性的に縮径させ、さらに弾性復帰によって元に戻るような場合においては、底部ｓ１の端部から亀裂等が生じることを防止できる。
以上、フィルター防護部材８が栓本体６ａと一体的に形成される例を示したが、フィルター補強部材１０が栓本体６ａと一体的に形成され、後からフィルター７、フィルター防護部材８を栓本体６ａにその外周を溶着させて取り付けることもできる。
The stopper detachment preventing portion 6 c is formed in a disc shape integrally with the right end portion of the stopper main body 6 a, and the diameter thereof is larger than the diameter of the opening 5. In the plug body 6a, for example, four slits 6s are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the plug body 6a. The number of slits 6s is not limited to 4 and is set to an appropriate number as long as the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c can be appropriately reduced in diameter by the material, strength, shape, and the like of the stopper body 6a. Further, the slit 6s is formed from the central portion in the axial direction of the plug body 6a to the plug detachment preventing portion 6b. It is desirable that the bottom part s1 of the slit 6s is formed in an arc shape and is smoothly connected to the opposing side parts s2 and s2.
By forming the slit 6s in this way, the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c can efficiently reduce the elastic diameter. In the reduced state, the diameter of the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c is equal to or less than the diameter of the opening 5. It has become.
Further, since the bottom portion s1 and the side portions s2 and s2 of the slit 6s are smoothly connected, the bottom portion is required when the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c is elastically reduced in diameter and returned to its original state by elastic return. It is possible to prevent a crack or the like from occurring at the end of s1.
Although the example in which the filter protection member 8 is formed integrally with the plug body 6a has been described above, the filter reinforcing member 10 is formed integrally with the plug body 6a, and the filter 7 and the filter protection member 8 are later attached to the plug body. It is also possible to attach the outer periphery to 6a.
このような構成の通水用栓１６を開口部５に取り付ける場合、栓離脱防止部６ｃ側を開口部５に当てがい、栓離脱防止部６ｂ側をハンマーなどで打撃または静的に圧入することにより、容易に取り付けることができる。栓離脱防止部６ｃの径は開口部５より大きいが、取り付け時は、開口部５の径まで弾性的に縮径され、この開口部５を栓離脱防止部６ｃが通過すると弾性復帰して拡径し、栓離脱防止部６ｃが開口部５の縁部に係止することによって、取り付けが完了する。 When the water faucet 16 having such a configuration is attached to the opening 5, the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c side is applied to the opening 5, and the stopper detachment preventing portion 6b side is hit or statically pressed with a hammer or the like. Can be easily attached. The diameter of the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c is larger than that of the opening 5. However, when attached, the diameter is elastically reduced to the diameter of the opening 5. When the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c passes through the opening 5, the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c is elastically restored and expanded. When the diameter is reduced and the stopper detachment preventing portion 6c is engaged with the edge of the opening 5, the attachment is completed.
前記通水用栓１６は例えば以下のような排水機能付鋼材に取り付けられて使用される。
図３および図４は排水機能付鋼材を示すもので、図３の各図は排水機能付鋼材１の斜視図、図４（ａ）は排水機能付鋼材１の正面図、図４（ｂ）は図４（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ線断面図、図４（ｃ）は排水機能付鋼材を地盤に設置した状態を模式的に示す図である。また、図４（ｄ）、（ｅ）は排水機能付鋼材の他の態様における断面を表し、それぞれ排水用部材断面が矩形、円形に閉断面で排水路を形成する例を示す図である。これらの排水用部材３が閉断面の場合では、排水用部材３は、鋼材２の長手方向全長にわたり接合されている必要はなく、鋼材２に一部だけ接合されていてもよい。なお、図４（ｅ）は、図３（ｄ）に示す排水機能付鋼材の断面図である。
また、排水用部材３が閉断面の場合には、前述したような通水用栓３を取り付けた排水用部材３そのものを、鋼材２に接合することなく単独で、一定の間隔で液状化地盤に打設することにより液状化対策用の排水機能付鋼材として供用することも可能である。
For example, the water plug 16 is attached to a steel material with a drainage function as follows.
3 and 4 show a steel material with a drainage function. Each figure in FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the steel material 1 with a drainage function, FIG. 4 (a) is a front view of the steel material 1 with a drainage function, and FIG. 4 (b). Fig. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 4A, and Fig. 4C is a diagram schematically showing a state where the steel material with a drainage function is installed on the ground. Moreover, FIG.4 (d), (e) represents the cross section in the other aspect of steel materials with a drainage function, and is a figure which shows the example which forms a drainage channel by the closed cross section in the member cross section for drainage each being a rectangle and a circle. In the case where these drainage members 3 have a closed cross section, the drainage members 3 do not have to be joined over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the steel material 2, and may be partly joined to the steel material 2. In addition, FIG.4 (e) is sectional drawing of the steel material with a drainage function shown in FIG.3 (d).
In addition, when the drainage member 3 has a closed cross section, the drainage member 3 having the water passage plug 3 as described above is liquefied at a fixed interval alone without being joined to the steel material 2. It can be used as a steel material with a drainage function for liquefaction countermeasures.
排水機能付鋼材１は、通常鋼矢板と同様に互いの継手を介して壁状に設置され、鋼材（矢板）２と、この鋼材２に当該鋼材２の長手方向に沿って所定区間に設けられた排水用部材３とを備えている。
なお、図４（ａ）においては排水機能付鋼材１の長さを実際のものに比して短く図示している。
鋼材２はＵ形鋼矢板であり、ウェブ２ａと、ウェブ２ａの両側縁からそれぞれ互いに広がるように斜めに延出する一対のフランジ２ｂと、左右のフランジ２ｂの先端に設けられた継手２ｃとを備えている。
The steel material 1 with a drainage function is normally installed in a wall shape through a joint between each other in the same manner as a steel sheet pile. The steel material (sheet pile) 2 and this steel material 2 are provided in a predetermined section along the longitudinal direction of the steel material 2. And a drainage member 3.
In addition, in Fig.4 (a), the length of the steel material 1 with a drainage function is shown short compared with an actual thing.
The steel material 2 is a U-shaped steel sheet pile, and includes a web 2a, a pair of flanges 2b extending obliquely so as to spread from both side edges of the web 2a, and a joint 2c provided at the tips of the left and right flanges 2b. I have.
排水用部材３は例えば溝形状の鋼材で形成された横断面コ字形のものであり、そのフランジ３ｂ，３ｂが排水用部材３のウェブ２ａに溶接によって固定されている。これによって、排水用部材３と鋼材２との間に排水路４が排水用部材３の長手方向に沿って形成されている。なお、図４（ｄ）、（ｅ）に示すように排水用部材３は、横断面コの字状に限ったものでなく、角形や円形のように閉断面形状のものでもよく、この場合は鋼材２の所定区間に少なくとも排水用部材３の一部（例えば排水用部材３の下端部のみ、あるいは排水用部材３の下端と上端）で接合されていればよい。
また、溝形状鋼材で構成される排水用部材３も、鋼材２と長手方向全長にわたって全く隙間なく接合されている必要はなく、部分的に少しの隙間があってもよい。すなわち、排水用部材３内の空間には当該排水用部材３の下端部に多少たまる程度の地盤細粒分は入っても、土砂が多く入り排水用部材３内の空間が土砂で占有され、排水路としての機能に支障をきたすことがなければよい。例えば、排水部材３の溝形状鋼材の両側のフランジ端部と鋼材２は長手方向に全区間連続的に溶接されていなくても、その隙間から地盤の細粒分が殆ど入らなければ、排水用部材３と鋼材２の接合は断続溶接であってもよい。
排水用部材３の材質は鋼製、ステンレス製、チタン製などの金属製が好適であるが、地盤に打設し液状化対策などに供用されるものであるから、地盤の圧力によって損壊するなどしないよう必要な耐圧力、加工性、耐久性を有するなど条件を満たせば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル等の合成樹脂製、金属と樹脂の複合材料製など他の材料であってもよい。
なお、排水用部材３は、横断面コ字形の場合、閉断面形状の場合であっても、ウェブ２ａの幅方向中央部付近に取り付けるのが施工性などの観点から望ましい。
また、排水用部材３は、横断面コ字形、閉断面形状に限られるものではなく、板状のものを用いて、鋼材２のウェブおよびフランジを利用して、排水路４を確保する構造であってもよい。
The drainage member 3 has a U-shaped cross section formed of, for example, a groove-shaped steel material, and its flanges 3b and 3b are fixed to the web 2a of the drainage member 3 by welding. Accordingly, a drainage channel 4 is formed between the drainage member 3 and the steel material 2 along the longitudinal direction of the drainage member 3. As shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E, the drainage member 3 is not limited to a U-shaped cross section, and may have a closed cross section such as a square or a circle. May be joined to a predetermined section of the steel material 2 at least with a part of the drainage member 3 (for example, only the lower end portion of the drainage member 3 or the lower end and the upper end of the drainage member 3).
Further, the drainage member 3 composed of the groove-shaped steel material does not have to be joined to the steel material 2 without any gap over the entire length in the longitudinal direction, and there may be a slight gap partially. That is, the space in the drainage member 3 is filled with a lot of earth and sand even if a small amount of ground fine particles is collected at the lower end of the drainage member 3, and the space in the drainage member 3 is occupied by earth and sand. It should not interfere with the function of the drainage channel. For example, even if the flange ends on both sides of the groove-shaped steel material of the drainage member 3 and the steel material 2 are not continuously welded in the entire length direction, if there is almost no ground fine particles from the gap, The joining of the member 3 and the steel material 2 may be intermittent welding.
The material of the drainage member 3 is preferably made of metal such as steel, stainless steel, titanium, etc., but it is used for liquefaction countermeasures by being placed on the ground, so that it is damaged by the pressure of the ground. Other materials such as a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester, or a composite material of metal and resin may be used as long as the necessary pressure resistance, workability, and durability are satisfied.
Note that the drainage member 3 is preferably attached to the vicinity of the center in the width direction of the web 2a even if it has a U-shaped cross section or a closed cross-sectional shape.
Further, the drainage member 3 is not limited to a U-shaped cross-section and a closed cross-sectional shape, and has a structure in which a drainage channel 4 is secured by using a plate-shaped one and a web and a flange of the steel material 2. There may be.
矩形状の排水用部材３の横断面における隅角部３ｃは排水用部材３のウェブ３ａとフランジ３ｂとを段差なく滑らかに接続するような曲線状に形成されることが好ましい。すなわち、図４（ｂ）に示すように、隅角部３ｃは略円弧状の曲線状に形成することが好ましい。なお、隅角部３ｃは曲線状に限ったものでなく角状でもよい。 The corner portion 3c in the cross section of the rectangular drainage member 3 is preferably formed in a curved shape that smoothly connects the web 3a and the flange 3b of the drainage member 3 without a step. That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, the corner portion 3c is preferably formed in a substantially arcuate curved shape. The corner portion 3c is not limited to a curved shape, and may be a square shape.
排水用部材３の少なくともウェブ３ａには、水を流通可能とする多数の開口部５が設けられている。この開口部５は円形状のものであり、これら多数の開口部５のうち、後述する流入区間Ｋ２に設けられた開口部５に、図１および図２に示す前記通水用栓１６が取付けられている。 At least the web 3a of the drainage member 3 is provided with a large number of openings 5 through which water can flow. The opening 5 has a circular shape, and the water plug 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is attached to the opening 5 provided in an inflow section K2 to be described later. It has been.
前記排水用部材３の下端部には、図３および図４（ａ）に示すように、排水機能付鋼材１の施工時に土砂の侵入を防ぎ、貫入性を増すために、先端部材９が設けられている。図３（ａ）〜（ｃ）および図４（ａ）に示す先端部材９は、下方に向かうほど鋼材２のウェブ２ａに近づくように、排水用部材３のウェブ３ａに対して傾斜した傾斜板９ａと、この傾斜板９ａの両側縁部とウェブ２ａとの間に設けられて、当該間を塞ぐ三角形板９ｂとから構成されている。傾斜板９ａと両側の三角形板９ｂは一体的に成形したものでもよい。また、図３（ｄ）に示す先端部材９は、円形状の排水部材３を斜めに切断し、下方に向かって傾斜した楕円状板を取り付け、地盤への貫入性を助長できるよう構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, a tip member 9 is provided at the lower end of the drainage member 3 in order to prevent intrusion of earth and sand during construction of the drainage function steel material 1 and to increase penetration. It has been. The tip member 9 shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C and FIG. 4A is an inclined plate inclined with respect to the web 3a of the drainage member 3 so as to approach the web 2a of the steel material 2 as it goes downward. 9a and a triangular plate 9b which is provided between both side edges of the inclined plate 9a and the web 2a and closes the space. The inclined plate 9a and the triangular plates 9b on both sides may be integrally formed. Further, the tip member 9 shown in FIG. 3 (d) is configured to cut the circular drainage member 3 diagonally, attach an elliptical plate inclined downward, and promote penetration into the ground. Yes.
また、排水機能付鋼材１の施工時に通水用栓１６の損傷、つまりフィルター７の損傷を避けるため、排水用部材３の下端部には、フィルター保護プレート１２が取り付けられている。
このフィルター保護プレート１２は、図３および図４（ａ）に示すように、矩形板状あるいは円弧状板のものであり、その上面はフィルター７が設けられた通水用栓１６の上面より突出している。これによって、排水機能付鋼材１の施工時に土砂が通水用栓１６の上面に干渉するのを防止しており、これによって、フィルター７の損傷を防止している。
また、フィルター保護プレート１２の幅は排水用部材３の幅以下となっている。
また、排水用部材３の上端部には、その上端開口を塞ぐ蓋部材１１が取り付けられている（図３（ａ）〜（ｄ）参照）。
Further, a filter protection plate 12 is attached to the lower end portion of the drainage member 3 in order to avoid damage to the water passage stopper 16, that is, damage to the filter 7 during construction of the steel material with drainage function 1.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, the filter protection plate 12 is a rectangular plate or an arc plate, and its upper surface protrudes from the upper surface of the water passage plug 16 provided with the filter 7. ing. This prevents earth and sand from interfering with the upper surface of the water plug 16 during construction of the steel material 1 with a drainage function, thereby preventing the filter 7 from being damaged.
The width of the filter protection plate 12 is equal to or less than the width of the drainage member 3.
A lid member 11 that closes the upper end opening is attached to the upper end of the drainage member 3 (see FIGS. 3A to 3D).
前記排水用部材３はその長手方向に複数の区間として分けることもできる。すなわち、図４（ｃ）に示すように、排水用部材３は、排水路４から地盤に排水する排水区間Ｋ１と、地盤から水が排水路４に流入する流入区間Ｋ２とに分けることができる。
一般的には、排水区間Ｋ１においては、多数の開口部５が密に配置されており、流入区間Ｋ２においては、多数の開口部５が疎に配置されている。
すなわち、排水区間Ｋ１における単位長さあたり（排水用部材３の長手方向における単位長さあたり）の開口部５の開口面積が、流入区間Ｋ２における単位長さあたり（排水用部材３の長手方向における単位長さあたり）の開口部５の開口面積より大きくなっている。つまり、排水区間Ｋ１における単位長さあたりの複数の開口部５の開口面積の総和が、流入区間Ｋ２における単位長さあたりの複数の開口部５の開口面積の総和より大きくなっている。
また、排水区間Ｋ１における開口部５の総開口面積は、排水路４の通水断面積以上となっている。
ただし、排水機能付鋼材を設置する液状化地盤の性質などにより、排水用部材３の単位長さあたりの複数の開口部５の開口面積の総和は、流入区間と排水区間と同じであってもよい。
The drainage member 3 can be divided into a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 4C, the drainage member 3 can be divided into a drainage section K1 that drains water from the drainage channel 4 to the ground, and an inflow section K2 in which water flows from the ground into the drainage channel 4. .
In general, a large number of openings 5 are densely arranged in the drainage section K1, and a large number of openings 5 are sparsely arranged in the inflow section K2.
That is, the opening area of the opening 5 per unit length in the drainage section K1 (per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the drainage member 3) is equal to the unit area in the inflow section K2 (in the longitudinal direction of the drainage member 3). It is larger than the opening area of the opening 5 per unit length). That is, the sum total of the opening areas of the plurality of openings 5 per unit length in the drainage section K1 is larger than the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of openings 5 per unit length in the inflow section K2.
Further, the total opening area of the opening 5 in the drainage section K <b> 1 is equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the drainage channel 4.
However, the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of openings 5 per unit length of the drainage member 3 may be the same as the inflow section and the drainage section due to the nature of the liquefied ground where the steel material with the drainage function is installed. Good.
そして、排水区間Ｋ１に設けられた多数の開口部５に、図５に示すような、通水用栓６が取り付けられ、流入区間Ｋ２に設けられた多数の開口部５に、図１に示すような、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填された通水用栓１６が取り付けられている。 And, as shown in FIG. 5, a water plug 6 as shown in FIG. 5 is attached to the numerous openings 5 provided in the drainage section K1, and the numerous openings 5 provided in the inflow section K2 are illustrated in FIG. 1. Such a water plug 16 filled with the water-soluble substance SB is attached.
すなわち、排水用部材３は液状化層に設置され、液状化時、排水用部材３内に地盤の間隙水が流入することにより地中の間隙水圧の上昇を抑止するが、排水用部材３に入った間隙水は排水用部材３の上部の排水区間Ｋ１から、排水用部材３の外へ流出させる必要がある。通常、排水用部材３の上部は、地下水面より上に設置し、地下水位面以下をの液状化層の間隙水を排出する排水区間Ｋ１とするのがよい。
そのため、排水用部材３の上部は、図４（ｃ）に示すように、間隙水が排出されやすいように、砕石（空隙率を確保できる単粒度砕石が望ましい）からなる通水性の良い単粒度砕石Ｓを設け排水用部材３に接触させるとよい。この排水区間Ｋ１は、地下水位が存在しないので、その部分に水溶性物質ＳＢが充填された通水用栓１６を設けても水溶性物質ＳＢが溶け難く排出に支障をきたすので、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されていない前記通水用栓６を開口部５に取り付ける。
That is, the drainage member 3 is installed in the liquefied layer, and when the liquefaction is generated, the pore water in the ground flows into the drainage member 3 to suppress the increase in the pore water pressure in the ground. The entered interstitial water needs to flow out of the drainage member 3 from the drainage section K1 above the drainage member 3. Usually, the upper part of the drainage member 3 is preferably installed above the groundwater surface, and the drainage section K1 for discharging the interstitial water of the liquefied layer below the groundwater surface is preferable.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), the upper part of the drainage member 3 is made of crushed stone (preferably a single-grain crushed stone that can secure a porosity) so that pore water is easily discharged. A crushed stone S may be provided and brought into contact with the drainage member 3. Since this drainage section K1 does not have a groundwater level, the water-soluble substance SB is hardly dissolved even if the water-passing plug 16 filled with the water-soluble substance SB is provided at that portion, so that the discharge is hindered. The water plug 6 that is not filled with SB is attached to the opening 5.
このように、排水区間Ｋ１に設けられた開口部５に、図５（ａ）または（ｂ）に示す、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されていない通水用栓６を取り付けることによって、地盤から排水用部材３の排水路４に流入する水が排水路４を通って排水区間Ｋ１から十分に排水されることになる。
なお、図５（ａ）または（ｂ）に示す通水用栓６は、フィルター防護部材８に設けられた防護部材通水孔８ａあるいはフィルター補強部材１０に設けられた補強部材通水孔１０ａに水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されていないものであり、その他の構成は通水用栓１６、１６ａ、１６ｂと同一であるので、同一構成部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
In this way, drainage from the ground can be achieved by attaching the water passage plug 6 that is not filled with the water-soluble substance SB shown in FIG. 5 (a) or (b) to the opening 5 provided in the drainage section K1. The water flowing into the drainage channel 4 of the member 3 is sufficiently drained from the drainage section K1 through the drainage channel 4.
5 (a) or 5 (b) is provided in the protective member water passage hole 8a provided in the filter protective member 8 or the reinforcing member water passage hole 10a provided in the filter reinforcing member 10. Since the water-soluble substance SB is not filled, and other configurations are the same as the water plugs 16, 16 a, 16 b, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
一方、排水区間Ｋ１より下方の流入区間Ｋ２には、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填された通水用栓１６を設ける。つまり流入区間Ｋ２に存在する開口部５に通水用栓１６を取り付けることによって、鋼材２の地盤への打設時に、フィルター７は地盤との摩擦から保護されるとともに粘性土や砂の細粒分が付着しないので目詰まりし難く液状化時に排水性能を十分発揮できるとともに、上部の排水区間Ｋ１からは液状化時、間隙水が確実に排出される。 On the other hand, the inflow section K2 below the drain section K1 is provided with a water plug 16 filled with the water-soluble substance SB. In other words, by attaching the water plug 16 to the opening 5 existing in the inflow section K2, the filter 7 is protected from friction with the ground when the steel material 2 is placed on the ground, and the fine particles of viscous soil and sand are provided. Since the water does not adhere, clogging is difficult and the drainage performance can be sufficiently exerted during liquefaction, and pore water is reliably discharged from the upper drainage section K1 during liquefaction.
なお、排水区間Ｋ１および流入区間Ｋ２のいずれにおいても、排水用部材３の正面側の開口部５は排水用部材３の長手方向（図４（ａ）において上下方向）に沿って、かつ横方向に２列平行に配置された場合を例に示した。しかし、排水用部材３の開口部５はこうした２列配置に限らず、通水用栓１６が大きい場合など長手方向に沿って、横方向に単列に配置されていてもよい（図３（ｃ）参照）。また、開口部５は排水用部材３の正面部分だけでなく側面部分に配置されていてもよい（図３（ｂ）参照）。さらには、排水用部材３が円形の閉断面を有し排水用部材３上に開口部５が配置されていてもよい（図３（ｄ）参照）。
また、排水区間Ｋ１は、地中から流入した水が十分に排水されるだけの開口面積が必要であり、その区間を網羅するように単粒度砕石Ｓを設置する必要がある。
この時、砕石を設置する費用を考えると、出来る限り単粒度砕石層の厚さを薄くする方が材料・施工面で経済性に優れる。それには、排水用部材上部の排水区間Ｋ１の開口部５の総面積をできるだけ大きく設定することが効果的である。
開口総面積を向上させる構造としては、個々の開口部５の断面積を大きくする方法や、開口部５の長手方向ピッチを狭くする方法、排水用部材３の断面が溝形状や矩形状の場合、ウェブ３ａに加えてフランジ３ｂにも開口部を設ける方法等がある（図３（ｂ）参照）。また、開口部５の形状は円形に限らず、楕円形、矩形、多角形のものなどその形状は限定されなく、通水用栓６、１６は当該開口部５に嵌設できるのであればよい。
In both the drainage section K1 and the inflow section K2, the opening 5 on the front side of the drainage member 3 is along the longitudinal direction of the drainage member 3 (vertical direction in FIG. 4A) and in the lateral direction. An example is shown in which two rows are arranged in parallel. However, the openings 5 of the drainage member 3 are not limited to such a two-row arrangement, and may be arranged in a single row in the lateral direction along the longitudinal direction when the water plug 16 is large (FIG. 3 ( c)). Moreover, the opening part 5 may be arrange | positioned not only in the front part of the member 3 for drainage but in the side part (refer FIG.3 (b)). Further, the drainage member 3 may have a circular closed cross section, and the opening 5 may be disposed on the drainage member 3 (see FIG. 3D).
Further, the drainage section K1 needs an opening area that allows the water flowing in from the ground to be sufficiently drained, and it is necessary to install the single-grain crushed stone S so as to cover the section.
At this time, considering the cost of installing crushed stone, it is more economical in terms of materials and construction to make the single-grain crushed stone layer as thin as possible. For this purpose, it is effective to set the total area of the opening 5 of the drainage section K1 above the drainage member as large as possible.
As a structure for improving the total opening area, a method of increasing the cross-sectional area of each opening 5, a method of reducing the longitudinal pitch of the openings 5, or a case where the cross-section of the drainage member 3 is a groove shape or a rectangular shape There is a method of providing an opening in the flange 3b in addition to the web 3a (see FIG. 3B). Further, the shape of the opening 5 is not limited to a circle, and the shape thereof is not limited, such as an oval, rectangular, or polygonal shape, and the water plugs 6 and 16 may be fitted to the opening 5. .
以上のように本実施の形態によれば、通水用栓６，１６の栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄにフィルター防護部材８が設けられているので、鋼材２を地盤に打設する際に、土砂等によってフィルター７が損傷するのを防止できる。
また、排水用部材３の流入区間Ｋ２に存在する開口部５に通水用栓１６が取り付けられており、この通水用栓１６のフィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａに水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されている。したがって、栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄに水溶性物質ＳＢを充填する場合に比して、水溶性物質ＳＢの栓本体６ａへの付着力が高まるとともに、当該水溶性物質ＳＢがフィルター防護部材８によって保護されることになる。
したがって、排水機能付鋼材１を地盤に打設する際に、この水溶性物質ＳＢが削り取られるのを防止して、フィルター７の地盤側への露出を防止できるので、当該フィルター７への微細な粘性土の粒子の付着を防止できる。
As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the filter protection member 8 is provided in the through hole 6d of the plug body 6a of the water flow plugs 6, 16, when placing the steel material 2 on the ground, It is possible to prevent the filter 7 from being damaged by earth or sand.
Further, a water plug 16 is attached to the opening 5 existing in the inflow section K2 of the drainage member 3, and a water-soluble substance is inserted into the protective member water hole 8a of the filter protective member 8 of the water plug 16. SB is filled. Therefore, compared with the case where the water-soluble substance SB is filled in the through-hole 6d of the plug body 6a, the adhesion of the water-soluble substance SB to the plug body 6a is increased, and the water-soluble substance SB is absorbed by the filter protection member 8. It will be protected.
Accordingly, when the steel material with drainage function 1 is placed on the ground, the water-soluble substance SB can be prevented from being scraped off, and the exposure of the filter 7 to the ground side can be prevented. Can prevent adhesion of cohesive soil particles.
また、間隙水を排出する排水用部材３の上部の排水区間Ｋ１においては、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されていない通水用栓６が開口部５に取り付けられ、排水区間Ｋ１より下方の流入区間Ｋ２においては、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填された通水用栓１６が開口部５に取り付けられているので、排水機能付鋼材１の地盤への打設時には、流入区間Ｋ２においてフィルター７は水溶性物質ＳＢの存在によって、目詰まりし難く、所定時間経過後に当該水溶性物質ＳＢは水（地下水）に溶けて消失する。一方、排出区間Ｋ１に設けられている通水用栓６は水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されていないので、当該排出区間Ｋ１に地下水位が存在しなくても通水性には問題がない。
したがって、液状化時には、間隙水を下部の流入区間Ｋ２から排水用部材３内の排水路４に流入させ、上部の排水区間Ｋ１から外部に確実に排水できる。
Further, in the drainage section K1 above the drainage member 3 that discharges the pore water, a water passage stopper 6 that is not filled with the water-soluble substance SB is attached to the opening 5, and the inflow section below the drainage section K1. In K2, since the water passage plug 16 filled with the water-soluble substance SB is attached to the opening 5, the filter 7 is water-soluble in the inflow section K2 when the drainage function steel material 1 is placed on the ground. Due to the presence of the substance SB, clogging is unlikely to occur, and the water-soluble substance SB dissolves in water (groundwater) and disappears after a predetermined time. On the other hand, since the water plug 6 provided in the discharge section K1 is not filled with the water-soluble substance SB, there is no problem in water flow even if there is no groundwater level in the discharge section K1.
Therefore, at the time of liquefaction, the interstitial water is allowed to flow from the lower inflow section K2 into the drainage channel 4 in the drainage member 3 and reliably drained from the upper drainage section K1 to the outside.
以上は一般的な通水用栓の取り付け方を示したが、流入区間の一部に粘性土層がある場合などその層以下に相当する排水用部材の開口部にＳＢの充填された栓を用い、その上部にはＳＢが充填されていない栓を用いることもできる。また、排水区間には常に地下水はないが、地盤上部からは雨水等が流入したり、湿度があるのでＳＢの溶解時間を調整すれば雨水等で所定時間内に溶解し排水用部材３が機能を発揮できるので、排水区間含め全区間の開口部５にＳＢを充填した当該栓を取り付け、当該栓の単純化を図ることもできる。
前述したように、条件により、排水用部材３の開口部５の全部または一部にＳＢを充填した当該栓を、あるいは排水用部材３の開口部５の一部にＳＢを充填しない当該栓を取り付けることもできる。本発明では、排水用部材３の一部にでもＳＢを充填した当該栓を取り付け、フィルター７の機能を安定した発揮を図ることができる。
The above shows how to install a general water plug, but when there is a viscous soil layer in a part of the inflow section, a plug filled with SB is installed in the opening of the drainage member corresponding to that layer or lower. It is also possible to use a stopper that is not filled with SB. In addition, although there is no groundwater in the drainage section at all times, rainwater etc. flows from the upper part of the ground, and since there is humidity, if the dissolution time of SB is adjusted, it will dissolve in rainwater etc. within a predetermined time and the drainage member 3 will function Therefore, it is possible to simplify the stopper by attaching the stopper filled with SB to the openings 5 of all the sections including the drainage section.
As described above, depending on conditions, the stopper in which all or part of the opening 5 of the drainage member 3 is filled with SB or the stopper in which part of the opening 5 of the drainage member 3 is not filled with SB It can also be attached. In the present invention, a part of the drainage member 3 is attached with the stopper filled with SB, and the function of the filter 7 can be exhibited stably.
また、排水用部材３の排水区間Ｋ１における単位長さあたりの開口部５の開口面積が、流入区間Ｋ２における単位長さあたりの開口部５の開口面積より大きくすれば、地震時に過剰間隙水圧が高まって、液状化層から排水用部材３に流入する水が排水路４を通って排水区間Ｋ１から十分に排水される。
さらに、排水区間Ｋ１における開口部５の総開口面積が、排水路４の通水断面積以上であるので、地盤から排水用部材３内に流入し、排水路４を通った水は排水区間Ｋ１から十分に排水される。
このように、流入区間Ｋ２から排水用部材３内に流入し、排水路４を通った水を排水区間Ｋ１から十分に排水できるので、排水効果を十分に発揮できる。
ただし、排水用部材３の単位長さ当たりの開口部５の総面積がある値以上の場合や液状化地盤の性質等によっては、排水区間Ｋ１と流入区間Ｋ２の単位長さ当たりの開口総面積が同じとすることもできる。この場合、排水用部材３の仕様の単純化という利点が得られる。
Further, if the opening area of the opening 5 per unit length in the drainage section K1 of the drainage member 3 is larger than the opening area of the opening 5 per unit length in the inflow section K2, the excess pore water pressure is increased during an earthquake. The water flowing into the drainage member 3 from the liquefied layer is sufficiently drained from the drainage section K1 through the drainage channel 4.
Furthermore, since the total opening area of the opening 5 in the drainage section K1 is equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the drainage channel 4, the water that flows from the ground into the drainage member 3 and passes through the drainage channel 4 is drainage section K1. It will be fully drained from.
Thus, since the water that flows into the drainage member 3 from the inflow section K2 and passes through the drainage channel 4 can be sufficiently drained from the drainage section K1, the drainage effect can be sufficiently exhibited.
However, the total opening area per unit length of the drainage section K1 and the inflow section K2 depending on the total area of the openings 5 per unit length of the drainage member 3 being greater than a certain value or depending on the nature of the liquefied ground. Can be the same. In this case, an advantage of simplifying the specification of the drainage member 3 can be obtained.
また、排水用部材３の横断面における隅角部３ｃを曲線状に形成した場合には、
排水機能付鋼材１をウォータジェットを用いて打設した後に、ウォータジェットホースを引き抜く際に、当該ウォータジェットホースが隅角部３ｃに接しても、当該隅角部３ｃとの摩擦が大きく低減され、ウォータジェットホース損傷を抑止できる。
また、フィルター保護プレート１２の幅が排水用部材３の幅以下と狭くなっているので、ウォータジェットホースを引き抜く際にウォータジェットホースがフィルター保護プレート１２の端部に接触するのを防止して、ウォータジェットホースの損傷をさらに防止できる。
In addition, when the corner 3c in the cross section of the drainage member 3 is formed in a curved shape,
When the water jet hose is pulled out after placing the steel material with drainage function 1 using a water jet, even if the water jet hose contacts the corner 3c, the friction with the corner 3c is greatly reduced. Water jet hose damage can be suppressed.
In addition, since the width of the filter protection plate 12 is narrower than the width of the drainage member 3, when the water jet hose is pulled out, the water jet hose is prevented from coming into contact with the end of the filter protection plate 12, Further damage to the water jet hose can be prevented.
（第２の実施の形態）
図６は第２の実施の形態に係る通水用栓を示すもので、当該通水用栓を排水用部材に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。
図６に示す通水用栓１６ａが図１および図２に示す通水用栓１６と異なる点は、栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄにフィルター補強部材１０を設けた点であり、その他の部分は通水用栓１６と同一であるので、同一構成部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a water plug according to the second embodiment, in which the water plug is attached to a drainage member.
The water plug 16a shown in FIG. 6 is different from the water plug 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that a filter reinforcing member 10 is provided in the through hole 6d of the plug body 6a. Since it is the same as the water plug 16, the same reference numeral is given to the same component and its description is omitted.
図６に示すように、栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄには、通水性を有するフィルター補強部材１０がフィルター７を挟んでフィルター防護部材８と反対側に設けられている。
フィルター補強部材１０は、地盤側からフィルター７に土水圧が作用した際に、フィルター７が栓本体６ａから剥がれたり、破損したりするのを防止するものであり、一般にはフィルター防護部材８の厚さが同じか、若干薄く形成することができるが、場合によってはフィルター防護部材８より厚くなってもよい。
As shown in FIG. 6, a water-permeable filter reinforcing member 10 is provided in the through hole 6 d of the plug body 6 a on the side opposite to the filter protection member 8 with the filter 7 interposed therebetween.
The filter reinforcing member 10 prevents the filter 7 from being peeled off or damaged from the plug body 6a when soil water pressure is applied to the filter 7 from the ground side. However, the filter protection member 8 may be thicker in some cases.
また、フィルター補強部材１０は、メッシュ状に配置された多数の補強部材通水孔１０ａを有しており、これによって通水性を有している。なお、このような補強部材通水孔１０ａは、縦横に格子状に配置された桟材１０ｂによって形成された孔である。
補強部材通水孔１０ａは四角形状に形成されているが、この補強部材通水孔１０ａの形状は四角形に限るものでなく、円形、多角形その他の形状に形成してもよい。また、補強部材通水孔１０ａの大きさ、形状、個数は前記防護部材通水孔８ａの大きさ、形状、個数と等しくなっており、さらに補強部材通水孔１０ａが、防護部材通水孔８ａと栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なっている。つまり、多数の防護部材通水孔８ａと多数の補強部材通水孔１０ａとは、栓本体６ａの軸線視において一致して配置されている。
なお、このような防護部材通水孔８ａと補強部材通水孔１０ａとは栓本体６ａの軸線視において一致して配置されていなくても、防護部材通水孔８ａが、補強部材通水孔１０ａの少なくとも一部と栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なっていればよい。
Further, the filter reinforcing member 10 has a large number of reinforcing member water passage holes 10a arranged in a mesh shape, thereby having water permeability. In addition, such a reinforcement member water-passing hole 10a is a hole formed by the crosspiece 10b arrange | positioned at the grid | lattice form vertically and horizontally.
Although the reinforcing member water passage hole 10a is formed in a square shape, the shape of the reinforcing member water passage hole 10a is not limited to a square shape, and may be formed in a circular shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes. The size, shape, and number of the reinforcing member water holes 10a are equal to the size, shape, and number of the protective member water holes 8a, and the reinforcing member water holes 10a further include the protective member water holes 10a. 8a and the plug body 6a overlap in the axial direction. In other words, the large number of protective member water holes 8a and the large number of reinforcing member water holes 10a are arranged to coincide with each other in the axial view of the plug body 6a.
Even if the protective member water hole 8a and the reinforcing member water hole 10a are not aligned with each other in the axial view of the plug body 6a, the protective member water hole 8a is provided as the reinforcing member water hole. What is necessary is just to have overlapped with at least one part of 10a in the axial direction of the plug main body 6a.
このようなフィルター補強部材１０は、フィルター防護部材８と同様の材料によって、栓本体６ａとは別体に射出成形によって形成することができる。そして、別体に形成されたフィルター補強部材１０は、栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄに、フィルター防護部材８とによってフィルター７を挟んだ状態で設けられている。 Such a filter reinforcement member 10 can be formed of the same material as the filter protection member 8 by injection molding separately from the plug body 6a. The filter reinforcing member 10 formed separately is provided in a state in which the filter 7 is sandwiched between the filter protective member 8 and the through hole 6d of the plug body 6a.
ここで、フィルター防護部材８が一体的に形成された栓本体６ａにフィルター７とフィルター補強部材１０を取り付ける方法について図７を参照して説明する。
この場合、図７（ａ）に示すように、フィルター防護部材８が栓本体６ａと一体的に射出成形によって形成されている。また、栓本体６ａには貫通孔６ｄの外周側には段差部がなく、貫通孔６ｄの周方向には、フィルター７とフィルター補強部材１０を溶着させる面６ｇが環状に形成されている。
次に、図７（ｂ）に示すように、フィルター７を貫通孔６ｄに配置し、当該フィルター７の外周部を前記環状部６ｇに当接する。このとき、必ずしも当該フィルター７の外周部を前記環状部６ｇに熱溶着させる必要はない。むしろ、当該フィルター７の外周部は溶着させないで前記環状部６ｇに当接したままで次のステップに進む方が熱溶着の工程を省略することができ望ましい。
次に、図７（ｃ）に示すように、フィルター補強部材１０を貫通孔６ｄに配置するとともに、フィルター７を挟んで当該フィルター補強部材１０の外周部を前記環状部６ｇに当接したうえで、フィルター補強部材１０の外周部を前記環状部６ｇにフィルター７の外周部とともに熱溶着する。これによって、フィルター７とフィルター補強部材１０の外周部が貫通孔６ｄの内周部に１回の熱溶着で接合される。
このようにして、フィルター７をフィルター補強部材１０とフィルター防護部材８とで挟んだ状態とすることによって、フィルター補強部材１０による補強効果を確実に発揮させることができる。
なお、図７（ｃ）では、フィルター７は、フィルター防護部材８とフィルター補強部材１０の両者に接触して配置されているので、フィルター７にどの方向から圧力がかかってもこれらの両者によって補強される。また、フィルター７とフィルター補強部材１０は、１回の熱溶着によってそれらの外周が栓本体６ａに固定されるので合理的に加工できる。
Here, a method of attaching the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10 to the plug body 6a in which the filter protection member 8 is integrally formed will be described with reference to FIG.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 7A, the filter protection member 8 is integrally formed with the plug body 6a by injection molding. Further, the plug body 6a does not have a step portion on the outer peripheral side of the through hole 6d, and a surface 6g for welding the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10 is formed in an annular shape in the circumferential direction of the through hole 6d.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, the filter 7 is disposed in the through hole 6d, and the outer peripheral portion of the filter 7 is brought into contact with the annular portion 6g. At this time, it is not always necessary to thermally weld the outer peripheral portion of the filter 7 to the annular portion 6g. Rather, it is desirable to proceed to the next step while keeping the outer peripheral portion of the filter 7 in contact with the annular portion 6g without welding, so that the heat welding step can be omitted.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7C, the filter reinforcing member 10 is disposed in the through hole 6d, and the outer peripheral portion of the filter reinforcing member 10 is brought into contact with the annular portion 6g with the filter 7 interposed therebetween. The outer periphery of the filter reinforcing member 10 is thermally welded to the annular portion 6g together with the outer periphery of the filter 7. Thereby, the outer peripheral part of the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10 is joined to the inner peripheral part of the through hole 6d by one thermal welding.
In this way, by setting the filter 7 between the filter reinforcing member 10 and the filter protection member 8, the reinforcing effect of the filter reinforcing member 10 can be reliably exhibited.
In FIG. 7C, the filter 7 is disposed in contact with both the filter protection member 8 and the filter reinforcing member 10, so that the filter 7 is reinforced by both of them regardless of the pressure applied from any direction. Is done. Further, the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10 can be rationally processed because their outer periphery is fixed to the plug body 6a by one heat welding.
本実施の形態では、第１の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる他、通水用栓１６ａの栓本体６ａの貫通孔６ｄに、フィルター７を挟んで通水性を有するフィルター防護部材８と通水性を有するフィルター補強部材１０とが設けられているので、鋼材２を地盤に打設する際に、地盤側からフィルター防護部材８を通してフィルター７に土水圧が作用しても、フィルター補強部材１０によってフィルター７の膨らみを抑制できる。したがって、フィルター７が膨らんで栓本体６ａから剥がれたり、破損したりするのを防止できる。また、地盤の液状化時においても同様にしてフィルター７の剥がれや破損を防止できるという効果を得ることができる。 In the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the filter protective member having water permeability with the filter 7 interposed in the through hole 6d of the plug body 6a of the water plug 16a. 8 and the filter reinforcing member 10 having water permeability are provided, so that when the steel material 2 is placed on the ground, even if soil water pressure acts on the filter 7 through the filter protective member 8 from the ground side, the filter is reinforced. The swelling of the filter 7 can be suppressed by the member 10. Therefore, it can prevent that the filter 7 swells and peels off from the plug main body 6a or is damaged. Further, the effect of preventing the filter 7 from being peeled off or damaged can be obtained in the same way even when the ground is liquefied.
（第３の実施の形態）
図８は第３の実施の形態に係る通水用栓を示すもので、当該通水用栓を排水用部材に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。
図８に示す通水用栓１６ｂが図６に示す通水用栓１６ａと異なる点は、フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａに加えて、フィルター７およびフィルター補強部材１０の補強部材通水孔１０ａにも水溶性物質ＳＢを充填した点であり、その他の部分は通水用栓１６ａと同一であるので、同一構成部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 8 shows a water stopper according to the third embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the water stopper is attached to a drainage member.
The water plug 16b shown in FIG. 8 is different from the water plug 16a shown in FIG. 6 in that the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10 have a reinforcing member passage hole in addition to the protective member water hole 8a. The water hole 10a is also filled with the water-soluble substance SB, and the other parts are the same as the water passage plug 16a. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
このような水溶性物質ＳＢを防護部材通水孔８ａ、フィルター７および補強部材通水孔１０ａに充填するには、例えば、栓本体６ａと防護部材１０を一体的に射出成形により形成したうえで、フィルター７とフィルター補強部材１０を取り付けた後、当該フィルター補強部材１０の裏面側に補強部材通水孔１０ａを裏側から塞ぐ塞ぎ板を配置し、次に、フィルター防護部材８の表面側から水溶性物質ＳＢを防護部材通水孔８ａおよび補強部材通水孔１０ａに充填すればよい。補強部材通水孔１０ａには、防護部材通水孔８ａからフィルター７を通ってＳＢが充填される。 In order to fill the protective member water hole 8a, the filter 7 and the reinforcing member water hole 10a with such a water-soluble substance SB, for example, the plug body 6a and the protective member 10 are integrally formed by injection molding. After attaching the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 10, a blocking plate for closing the reinforcing member water passage 10 a from the back side is arranged on the back side of the filter reinforcing member 10, and then water is applied from the surface side of the filter protection member 8. The protective substance water passage 8a and the reinforcing member water passage 10a may be filled with the active substance SB. The reinforcing member water passage hole 10 a is filled with SB through the protective member water passage hole 8 a through the filter 7.
このような通水用栓１６ｂは、前記流入区間Ｋ２に設けられた開口部５の全部または一部に取り付けられて使用される。なお、排水区間Ｋ１に設けられた開口部５の全部または一部には前記通水用栓６が取り付けられる。また、前述したように、場合によっては、排水用部材３全区間の開口部５に通水用栓１６ｂを取り付けてもよい。 Such a water plug 16b is used by being attached to all or a part of the opening 5 provided in the inflow section K2. In addition, the said water stop plug 6 is attached to all or one part of the opening part 5 provided in the drainage area K1. Further, as described above, depending on the case, the water plug 16b may be attached to the opening 5 of the entire section of the drainage member 3.
本実施の形態によれば、前記第２の実施の形態と同様に効果を得ることができる他、フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａとフィルター７、およびフィルター補強部材１０の補強部材通水孔１０ａに、水溶性物質ＳＢが充填されているので、現場において通水用栓１６ｂが取り付けられた排水機能付鋼材１を仮置きしている場合等に、フィルター７を当該水溶性物質ＳＢによって、細かい塵埃、浮遊・飛散粒子等の付着から保護できるという効果を得ることができる。 According to the present embodiment, the same effects as in the second embodiment can be obtained, and the protective member water passage hole 8a of the filter protective member 8 and the filter 7 and the reinforcing member passage of the filter reinforcing member 10 can be passed. Since the water hole 10a is filled with the water-soluble substance SB, the filter 7 is attached to the water-soluble substance SB when the steel material 1 with the drainage function to which the water passage plug 16b is attached is temporarily placed at the site. Thus, it is possible to obtain an effect of protecting from adhesion of fine dust, floating / scattering particles and the like.
（第４の実施の形態）
図９は第４の実施の形態に係る通水用栓を示すもので、当該通水用栓を排水用部材に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。
図９に示す通水用栓１６ｃが図１に示す通水用栓１６と異なる点は、フィルター防護部材８の防護部材通水孔８ａ、フィルター７およびこの防護部材通水孔８ａより前側（図９において左側）の貫通孔６ｄの部分に水溶性物質ＳＢを充填した点と、フィルター補強部材を付加しそこにも水溶性物質ＳＢを充填した点であり、その他の部分は通水用栓１６と同一であるので、同一構成部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a water passage stopper according to a fourth embodiment, wherein the water passage stopper is attached to a drainage member.
The water plug 16c shown in FIG. 9 differs from the water plug 16 shown in FIG. 1 in that the protective member water hole 8a of the filter protective member 8, the filter 7 and the front side of the protective member water hole 8a (FIG. 9 is a point where the water-soluble substance SB is filled in the portion of the through-hole 6d on the left side), and a point where the filter reinforcing member is added and the water-soluble substance SB is also filled therein. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
このような水溶性物質ＳＢを防護部材通水孔８ａおよび前記貫通孔６ｄの部分に充填するには、例えば、栓本体６ａを防護部材１０とともに一体成形したうえで、フィルター７とフィルター補強部材２０を取り付けた後、当該補強部材２０の裏面側に防護部材通水孔８ａを裏側から塞ぐ塞ぎ板を配置し、次に、フィルター防護部材８の表面側から、水溶性物質ＳＢを前記貫通孔６ｄの部分および防護部材通水孔８ａに充填すればよい。
このようにして、水溶性物質ＳＢを充填することによって、貫通孔６ｄに、フィルター防護部材８の前方において水溶性物質ＳＢがフィルター防護部材８に密着して充填されている。
In order to fill such a water-soluble substance SB into the protective member water passage hole 8a and the through hole 6d, for example, the plug body 6a is integrally formed with the protective member 10, and then the filter 7 and the filter reinforcing member 20 are formed. Is attached to the back side of the reinforcing member 20, and a blocking plate for closing the protective member water passage hole 8a from the back side is disposed. Next, the water-soluble substance SB is introduced into the through-hole 6d from the front side of the filter protection member 8. And the protective member water passage hole 8a may be filled.
By filling the water-soluble substance SB in this way, the water-soluble substance SB is filled in close contact with the filter protection member 8 in front of the filter protection member 8 in the through hole 6d.
また、フィルター補強部材２０は、メッシュ状に配置された多数の補強部材通水孔２０ａを有しており、これによって通水性を有している。補強部材通水孔２０ａの形状は、防護部材通水孔８ａと相似形となっているが、その大きさが、防護部材通水孔８ａより大きくなっている。また、補強部材通水孔２０ａの個数は防護部材通水孔８ａより少なくなっている。
さらに、防護部材通水孔８ａは、補強部材通水孔２０ａの一部と栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なっている。また、防護部材通水孔８ａを形成する格子状の桟材８ｂの一部は、補強部材通水孔２０ａを形成する格子状の桟材２０ｂの一部と栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なっており、前記格子状の桟材８ｂの残りの一部は補強部材通水孔２０ａと栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なっている。
このように、防護部材通水孔８ａが、補強部材通水孔２０ａの一部と栓本体６ａの軸方向において重なることによって、防護部材通水孔８ａを通った水はフィルター７を通り、さらに補強部材通水孔２０ａをスムーズに通るようになっている。
The filter reinforcing member 20 has a large number of reinforcing member water passage holes 20a arranged in a mesh shape, thereby having water permeability. The shape of the reinforcing member water hole 20a is similar to that of the protective member water hole 8a, but its size is larger than that of the protective member water hole 8a. Further, the number of reinforcing member water holes 20a is smaller than that of the protective member water holes 8a.
Furthermore, the protective member water passage hole 8a overlaps a part of the reinforcing member water passage hole 20a in the axial direction of the plug body 6a. In addition, a part of the grid-like crosspiece 8b that forms the protection member water passage hole 8a overlaps with a part of the lattice-like crosspiece 20b that forms the reinforcing member water passage hole 20a in the axial direction of the plug body 6a. The remaining part of the grid-like crosspiece 8b overlaps the reinforcing member water passage 20a and the plug body 6a in the axial direction.
Thus, when the protective member water passage hole 8a overlaps a part of the reinforcing member water passage hole 20a in the axial direction of the plug body 6a, the water passing through the protective member water passage hole 8a passes through the filter 7, and further. It passes smoothly through the reinforcing member water passage 20a.
本実施の形態によれば、前記第１の実施の形態と同様に効果を得ることができる他、水溶性物質ＳＢが、防護部材通水孔８ａ、フィルター７、フィルター補強部材２０に加え、フィルター防護部材８の前方の貫通孔６ｄにも充填されているので、水溶性物質ＳＢの栓本体６ａの軸方向における厚さが厚くなり、よって、水溶性物質ＳＢによるフィルター７の保護機能が高まるという効果を得ることができる。
以上では、通水用栓１６，１６ａ〜１６ｃを鋼材２の排水用部材３に形成された開口部５に取り付ける場合を例にとって説明したが、通水用栓１６，１６ａ〜１６ｃを取り付ける鋼材としては、本実施の形態のＵ形鋼矢板に限ることなく、ハット形矢板、Ｊパイル（近接土留め用鋼材）、直線形鋼矢板、Ｚ形鋼矢板、鋼管矢板、鋼管杭、ＳＣ杭、さらにはこれら組み合わせた鋼材であってもよい。
According to the present embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the water-soluble substance SB is added to the protective member water passage hole 8a, the filter 7, the filter reinforcing member 20, and the filter. Since the through-hole 6d in front of the protective member 8 is also filled, the thickness of the water-soluble substance SB in the axial direction of the plug body 6a is increased, so that the protection function of the filter 7 by the water-soluble substance SB is enhanced. An effect can be obtained.
In the above description, the case where the water passage plugs 16 and 16a to 16c are attached to the opening 5 formed in the drainage member 3 of the steel material 2 has been described as an example. However, as the steel material to which the water passage stoppers 16 and 16a to 16c are attached. Is not limited to the U-shaped steel sheet pile of this embodiment, but is a hat-shaped sheet pile, J pile (steel material for close earth retaining), linear steel sheet pile, Z-shaped steel sheet pile, steel pipe sheet pile, steel pipe pile, SC pile, May be a combination of these steel materials.
図１０は本発明の通水用栓が取り付けられた排水機能付鋼材１の適用例を示したものである。図１０（ａ）に示すように液状化地盤に設けられる、上下水施設等の沈砂池、アンダーパス、共同溝などの地中構造物２１の両側に設置すれば、液状化時の地中構造物２１の安定化を図ることができる。また、図１０（ｂ）に示すように液状化地盤に設けられる、河川、鉄道、道路などの盛土２２のノリ尻に打設すれば、盛土２２の崩壊を抑止することができる。このように本発明の通水用栓が取り付けられた排水機能付鋼材は液状化地盤に構築される地中構造物、盛土、護岸など様々な個所に耐震補強として用いられる。
図１１は通水用栓６を土留め壁として打設された鋼矢板３０に形成された開口部に取り付けた例を示したものである。この場合、地下水位より高い位置にある排水区間に設けられた開口部には、水溶性物質が充填されていない通水用栓６を取り付け、流入区間に設けられた開口部には、水溶性物質が充填された通水用栓１６，１６ａ〜１６ｃを適宜選択して取り付けてもよい。また、土留め壁の場合には、原地盤に鋼矢板を打設して鋼矢板壁を形成した後、その背後地盤に土砂を盛る場合もある。この場合は、打設時には原地盤の位置以深に相当する、鋼矢板の開口部には、水溶性物質が充填された前記通水用栓を嵌設し、地盤土砂からフィルターを防護してもよい。
さらに、通水用栓１６，１６ａ〜１６ｄは鋼材に限ることなく、コンクリート杭やコンクリートやその他の材料で構築された壁体に形成された開口部に取り付けてもよい。
FIG. 10 shows an application example of the steel material 1 with a drainage function to which the water passage stopper of the present invention is attached. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), if it is installed on both sides of underground structures 21 such as sand basins such as water and sewage facilities, underpass, and common ditch provided in the liquefied ground, the underground structure at the time of liquefaction Stabilization of the object 21 can be achieved. Moreover, as shown in FIG.10 (b), if it lays in the edge of the embankment 22 of rivers, a railroad, a road, etc. which are provided in a liquefied ground, collapse of the embankment 22 can be suppressed. As described above, the steel material with a drainage function to which the water passage plug of the present invention is attached is used as an anti-seismic reinforcement at various locations such as underground structures, embankments, revetments constructed on liquefied ground.
FIG. 11 shows an example in which the water plug 6 is attached to an opening formed in a steel sheet pile 30 placed as a retaining wall. In this case, a water passage stopper 6 that is not filled with a water-soluble substance is attached to the opening provided in the drainage section at a position higher than the groundwater level, and the opening provided in the inflow section is water-soluble. The water plugs 16 and 16a to 16c filled with the substance may be appropriately selected and attached. In the case of a retaining wall, after a steel sheet pile wall is formed on the original ground to form a steel sheet pile wall, earth and sand may be piled up on the back ground. In this case, it is necessary to insert the water plug filled with a water-soluble substance in the opening of the steel sheet pile, which corresponds to the depth of the original ground at the time of placing, and protect the filter from the soil. Good.
Furthermore, the water plugs 16, 16 a to 16 d are not limited to steel materials, and may be attached to openings formed in a wall body constructed of concrete piles, concrete, or other materials.
１ 排水機能付鋼材
２ 鋼材
３ 排水用部材
５ 開口部
７ フィルター
６ａ 栓本体
６ｄ 貫通孔
８ フィルター防護部材
８ａ 防護部材通水孔
１０，２０ フィルター補強部材
１０ａ，２０ａ 補強部材通水孔
１６，１６ａ〜１６ｃ 通水用栓
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel material with drainage function 2 Steel material 3 Drainage member 5 Opening part 7 Filter 6a Plug body 6d Through hole 8 Filter protection member 8a Protection member water-passing holes 10, 20 Filter reinforcement member 10a, 20a Reinforcement member water-passing holes 16, 16a 16c Water faucet
Claims (2)
軸方向に貫通する貫通孔を有する栓本体と、前記貫通孔に設けられた通水性を有するフィルターおよび通水性を有するフィルター防護部材を備え、
前記栓本体の前記貫通孔に、通水性を有するフィルター補強部材が前記フィルターを挟んで前記フィルター防護部材と反対側に設けられ、
前記フィルター補強材は、その外周部が前記フィルター防護部材の外周部に形成された環状部に前記フィルターの外周部とともに熱溶着された状態となっており、
前記フィルター防護部材は複数の防護部材通水孔を有し、
前記フィルター補強部材は複数の補強部材通水孔を有し、
前記補強部材通水孔は、前記防護部材通水孔より大きくかつ個数が少なくなっており、
前記栓本体には、当該栓本体の軸方向中央部から軸方向端部に向けて延び、かつ前記栓本体の周方向に所定の幅を有する複数のスリットが前記栓本体の周方向に等間隔で複数形成され、
前記スリットの底部は、当該スリットの幅と同幅の直径の円弧状に形成されていることを特徴とする通水用栓。 A water faucet attached to an opening formed in a steel material, a concrete pile or a wall body installed on the ground,
A plug body having a through-hole penetrating in the axial direction, a water-permeable filter provided in the through-hole, and a water-permeable filter protective member;
A filter reinforcing member having water permeability is provided on the opposite side of the filter protection member across the filter in the through hole of the plug body.
The filter reinforcement is in a state where its outer peripheral part is thermally welded together with the outer peripheral part of the filter to the annular part formed on the outer peripheral part of the filter protection member,
The filter protection member has a plurality of protection member water holes,
The filter reinforcing member has a plurality of reinforcing member water holes,
The reinforcing member water holes are larger and less in number than the protective member water holes,
In the plug body, a plurality of slits extending from the axial center of the plug body toward the axial end and having a predetermined width in the circumferential direction of the plug body are equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the plug body. Is formed in multiple,
The bottom of the slit is formed in an arc shape having a diameter that is the same as the width of the slit.
当該防護部材通水孔に水溶性物質が充填されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の通水用栓。 The size of the protective member water passage hole is set to 0.5 to 50 mm,
The water stopper according to claim 1, wherein the protective member water hole is filled with a water-soluble substance.
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