JP5972040B2 - Ground improvement method using high-pressure injection method injection device and high-pressure injection method - Google Patents
Ground improvement method using high-pressure injection method injection device and high-pressure injection method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5972040B2 JP5972040B2 JP2012108416A JP2012108416A JP5972040B2 JP 5972040 B2 JP5972040 B2 JP 5972040B2 JP 2012108416 A JP2012108416 A JP 2012108416A JP 2012108416 A JP2012108416 A JP 2012108416A JP 5972040 B2 JP5972040 B2 JP 5972040B2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 147
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 147
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 and the like Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Description
本発明は、液体の到達効率を高めた高圧噴射工法用噴射装置およびその噴射装置を用いた高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法に関する。 The present invention relates to an injection device for a high-pressure injection method with improved liquid arrival efficiency and a ground improvement method using a high-pressure injection method using the injection device.
特許文献１は、地盤中に挿入した噴射管の先端部に設けた高圧液噴射ノズルから高圧水を噴射して対象地盤を緩めて泥土化し、次いでこの緩んだ地盤中に硬化材スラリーなどが添加された自硬性材料を圧入することにより、前記弛緩泥土を押し上げて排除するとともに前記自硬性材料による置換を行い地盤改良体を造成する地盤改良工法を開示する。 In Patent Document 1, high-pressure water is injected from a high-pressure liquid injection nozzle provided at the tip of an injection pipe inserted into the ground to loosen the target ground to form mud, and then a hardener slurry or the like is added to the loose ground Disclosed is a ground improvement method for forming a ground improvement body by pushing in and removing the loose mud soil by press-fitting the self-hardening material and replacing the self-hardening material with the self-hardening material.
地盤改良工法のための従来の高圧噴射工法は、図７（ａ）（ｂ）のようにロッドＲに噴射ノズルＮを１ヶ所のみ設けて行われているが、ノズル内部の構造を改良することで噴流の到達効率を向上させている。噴射ノズルの配置を工夫した高圧噴射工法技術として、図８（ａ）のように噴射ロッドＲ上に噴射ノズルＮ１，Ｎ２を少なくとも上下一対設け、図８（ｂ）のようにジェット噴射工程で噴射される流体が交差噴流することで重複改良域や未改良域の無い効率良い改良域を造成することが提案されている（特許文献２，３参照）。 The conventional high-pressure injection method for the ground improvement method is performed by providing only one injection nozzle N on the rod R as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). However, the structure inside the nozzle should be improved. The jet arrival efficiency is improved. As a high-pressure injection technique that devised the arrangement of the injection nozzles, at least a pair of upper and lower injection nozzles N1 and N2 are provided on the injection rod R as shown in FIG. 8 (a), and injection is performed in the jet injection process as shown in FIG. 8 (b). It has been proposed to create an efficient improved region without overlapping improved regions and unimproved regions by cross-jetting the fluid to be produced (see Patent Documents 2 and 3).
また、図９（ａ）（ｂ）のように噴射ロッドＲの先端部にロッド長手方向に離れてかつ１８０°反対の周方向位置に配置した一対の重合噴射ノズルＮ３，Ｎ４から地盤硬化材を噴射し、効率良く改良域を造成することが提案されている（特許文献４，５，６参照）。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the ground hardening material is supplied from a pair of superposition jet nozzles N3 and N4 disposed at the distal end portion of the jet rod R in the circumferential direction position apart from the longitudinal direction of the rod and opposite by 180 °. It has been proposed to efficiently improve and create an improved region (see Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6).
改良対象の地盤中に形成する地盤改良体の径を大きくするためには、噴射ノズルから噴射した噴流の距離減衰を小さくし、強い流速を保ちながら到達性を高める必要がある。この到達性を高めるために、従来、噴射ノズルに対する工夫はなされているが、ノズル配置に関する工夫はほとんどなされていない。 In order to increase the diameter of the ground improvement body formed in the ground to be improved, it is necessary to reduce the distance attenuation of the jet flow injected from the injection nozzle and increase the reachability while maintaining a strong flow velocity. In order to improve this reachability, the device for the injection nozzle has been conventionally devised, but the device for the nozzle arrangement is hardly devised.
本発明は、上述のような従来技術の問題に鑑み、噴流の到達効率を上昇させ、より遠くまで到達させることのできる高圧噴射工法用噴射装置およびその噴射装置を用いた高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and improves the ground efficiency by increasing the jet arrival efficiency and allowing the jet to reach farther, and the high-pressure injection method using the injection device. The purpose is to provide a method of construction.
上記目的を達成するために、本実施形態による高圧噴射工法用噴射装置は、高圧噴射工法に用いられる液体が内部を通るロッドと、前記ロッドの長手方向に一列に順に配置されるとともに前記液体を水平方向に噴射させる第１，第２および第３の噴射ノズルと、を有し、中央に配置された前記第２の噴射ノズルのノズル径が、その両端に配置された前記第１および第３の噴射ノズルの径よりも小さいことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above-described object, the high-pressure injection method injection device according to the present embodiment includes a rod through which the liquid used in the high-pressure injection method passes, and a row in the longitudinal direction of the rod and the liquid. First, second, and third spray nozzles that spray in the horizontal direction, and the nozzle diameters of the second spray nozzles disposed in the center are the first and third nozzles disposed at both ends thereof. It is characterized by being smaller than the diameter of the injection nozzle.
この高圧噴射工法用噴射装置によれば、中央に配置された第２の噴射ノズルのノズル径を、その両端に配置された第１および第３の噴射ノズルの径よりも小さくすることで、第２の噴射ノズルによる噴流の主流線のブレや蛇行を、両端の第１および第３の噴射ノズルによる噴流により抑制するとともに距離減衰を低減し、噴流の到達効率を高めることができる。 According to this high pressure injection method injection device, the nozzle diameter of the second injection nozzle arranged at the center is made smaller than the diameters of the first and third injection nozzles arranged at both ends thereof. It is possible to suppress blurring and meandering of the main flow line of the jet by the two injection nozzles by jets from the first and third injection nozzles at both ends, reduce distance attenuation, and increase the arrival efficiency of the jet.
上記高圧噴射工法用噴射装置において、前記第１の噴射ノズルの径と前記第３の噴射ノズルの径とが等しく、前記第１および第３の噴射ノズルの各通水断面積Ａ0と、前記第２の噴射ノズルの通水断面積Ａiとの比（Ａ0／Ａi）は１．４〜２の範囲内であることが好ましい。 In the high-pressure injection method injection device, the diameter of the first injection nozzle and the diameter of the third injection nozzle are equal, and the water flow cross-sectional areas A 0 of the first and third injection nozzles, The ratio (A 0 / A i ) with the water flow cross-sectional area A i of the second injection nozzle is preferably in the range of 1.4-2.
また、前記第１の噴射ノズルの中心位置と前記第２の噴射ノズルの中心位置との間隔、および、前記第２の噴射ノズルの中心位置と前記第３の噴射ノズルの中心位置との間隔が最大で１５ｍｍであることが好ましい。 Further, an interval between the center position of the first injection nozzle and the center position of the second injection nozzle, and an interval between the center position of the second injection nozzle and the center position of the third injection nozzle are set. A maximum of 15 mm is preferred.
本実施形態の高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法は、上述の噴射装置を用いて、改良対象地盤内に差し込んだ前記ロッドの前記噴射ノズルから高圧水を噴射することで軟泥化域を形成し、前記軟泥化域に充填材を送り込むことを特徴とする。 The ground improvement method by the high-pressure injection method of the present embodiment uses the above-described injection device to form a soft mud area by injecting high-pressure water from the injection nozzle of the rod inserted into the improvement target ground, It is characterized by feeding the filler into the soft mud area.
この高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法によれば、噴射ノズルからの高圧の噴流により地盤内を切削し軟泥化するが、この切削のとき、噴流の到達効率が高くなっているので、切削による軟泥化域の半径を大きくすることができる。このため、地盤改良体が大きくなり、大きな地盤改良体を造成することができる。 According to the ground improvement method by this high-pressure injection method, the inside of the ground is cut and softened by the high-pressure jet from the injection nozzle, but at this time, the arrival efficiency of the jet is high, so softening by cutting The radius of the area can be increased. For this reason, a ground improvement body becomes large and a big ground improvement body can be created.
本実施形態の高圧噴射工法によるもう１つの地盤改良工法は、上述の噴射装置を用いて、改良対象地盤内で前記噴射ノズルから地盤改良用薬液を高圧で噴射することを特徴とする。 Another ground improvement method by the high-pressure injection method of the present embodiment is characterized in that the ground improvement chemical solution is injected from the injection nozzle at high pressure in the improvement target ground using the above-described injection device.
この高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法によれば、噴射ノズルからの高圧の噴流の到達効率が高くなっているので、地盤内において薬液が注入される範囲を広くすることができ、薬液による地盤改良範囲を大きくすることができる。 According to the ground improvement method by this high-pressure injection method, the arrival efficiency of the high-pressure jet from the injection nozzle is high, so the range in which the chemical solution is injected in the ground can be widened, and the ground improvement range by the chemical solution Can be increased.
本発明によれば、噴流の到達効率を上昇させ、より遠くまで到達させることのできる高圧噴射工法用噴射装置およびその噴射装置を用いた高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the arrival efficiency of a jet flow can be raised and the ground improvement construction method by the high pressure injection method using the injection device for high pressure injection methods which can be made to reach | attain farther and the injection device can be provided.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について図面を用いて説明する。図１は本実施形態による噴射装置のロッドと噴射ノズルを示す正面図（ａ）および側面図（ｂ）である。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view (a) and a side view (b) showing a rod and an injection nozzle of an injection device according to the present embodiment.
本実施形態の噴射装置は、図１（ａ）（ｂ）のように、鉄鋼材料や各種合金などからなるとともに高圧噴射工法に用いられる水等の液体が内部を通るロッド９と、ロッド９の長手方向に並んで配置された噴射ノズル１，２，３と、を備え、ロッド９の一端には、高圧ポンプ（図示省略）が接続される。噴射ノズル１，２，３の図１（ａ）のように正面から見たときの形状は円形状である。 As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the injection device of the present embodiment is made of a steel material, various alloys, and the like, and a liquid 9 such as water used in the high-pressure injection method passes through the inside. The injection nozzles 1, 2, and 3 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction, and a high-pressure pump (not shown) is connected to one end of the rod 9. The shape of the injection nozzles 1, 2, 3 when viewed from the front as shown in FIG.
ロッド９が鉛直方向にセットされると、噴射ノズル１，２，３は鉛直方向に並び、高圧ポンプ（図示省略）により高圧液体が噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３となって各噴射ノズル１〜３から水平方向に噴射するようになっている。 When the rod 9 is set in the vertical direction, the injection nozzles 1, 2 and 3 are arranged in the vertical direction, and high-pressure liquid is converted into jets J1, J2 and J3 by high-pressure pumps (not shown) from the injection nozzles 1 to 3. It is designed to spray in the horizontal direction.
噴射ノズル１，２，３は、ロッド９の外面上互いに独立して形成されている。このため、噴射ノズル１，２，３から噴射する噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３は独立している。 The injection nozzles 1, 2, 3 are formed independently of each other on the outer surface of the rod 9. For this reason, the jets J1, J2, J3 jetted from the jet nozzles 1, 2, 3 are independent.
噴射ノズル１，２，３は、ロッド９の長手方向に一列に並んでおり、中央に配置された噴射ノズル２の径がその上下両端に配置された噴射ノズル１，３の径よりも小さくなっている。 The injection nozzles 1, 2 and 3 are arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction of the rod 9, and the diameter of the injection nozzle 2 arranged at the center is smaller than the diameter of the injection nozzles 1 and 3 arranged at both upper and lower ends thereof. ing.
また、噴射ノズル１の径と噴射ノズル３の径とは等しく、噴射ノズル１，３の各通水断面積Ａ0と、中央に配置された噴射ノズル２の通水断面積Ａiとのノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）は、１．４〜２程度であることが好ましい。 Moreover, equal the diameter of the injection nozzle 1 and the diameter of the injection nozzle 3, the nozzle of the each cross-sectional flow area A 0 of the injection nozzle 1 and 3, the cross-sectional flow area A i of the injection nozzle 2 arranged in the center The water flow cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) is preferably about 1.4 to 2.
また、図１（ａ）のように、噴射ノズル１の中心位置と噴射ノズル２の中心位置との間隔Ｌ、および、噴射ノズル２の中心位置と噴射ノズル３の中心位置との間隔Ｌは、最大で１５ｍｍであることが好ましい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1A, the interval L between the center position of the injection nozzle 1 and the center position of the injection nozzle 2 and the interval L between the center position of the injection nozzle 2 and the center position of the injection nozzle 3 are A maximum of 15 mm is preferred.
本実施形態による図１（ａ）（ｂ）の噴射装置によれば、高圧ポンプ（図示省略）から鉛直方向にセットされたロッド９へ高圧水が供給されると図１（ｂ）のように噴射ノズル１，２，３から噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３が水平方向に噴射するが、従来の１点噴射型に比べて、鉛直方向に噴射ノズルを３点配置し、このうち中央の噴射ノズル２のみを両端部の噴射ノズル１，３と比較し小さい径とすることで、両端部の噴射ノズル１，３による噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ３の存在が主流線の噴流Ｊ２のぶれや蛇行を抑える効果を発揮し、その結果、噴流Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の到達効率が向上し大きくなる。 1 (a) and 1 (b) according to the present embodiment, when high pressure water is supplied from a high pressure pump (not shown) to the rod 9 set in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. 1 (b). The jets J1, J2, J3 are jetted in the horizontal direction from the jet nozzles 1, 2, 3, but three jet nozzles are arranged in the vertical direction as compared with the conventional one-point jet type. By making only a small diameter compared with the injection nozzles 1 and 3 at both ends, the presence of the jets J1 and J3 by the injection nozzles 1 and 3 at both ends exerts the effect of suppressing the shaking and meandering of the jet J2 on the mainstream line As a result, the arrival efficiency of the jets J1 to J3 is improved and increased.
また、中央の噴射ノズル２のみを両端部の噴射ノズル１，３と比較し小さい径とする３点噴射型において噴射ノズル１，２および２，３の各間隔Ｌが１５ｍｍ以下であると、到達効率が高く、噴射液体をより遠くまで到達させることができる。 In addition, in a three-point injection type in which only the central injection nozzle 2 is smaller in diameter than the injection nozzles 1 and 3 at both ends, the distance L between the injection nozzles 1, 2 and 2 and 3 is 15 mm or less. The efficiency is high, and the jet liquid can reach farther.
なお、例えば、CJG工法では圧縮空気を添わせた高圧水で地盤内を切削するが、この場合、圧縮空気用ノズルの開口の中心に、そのノズルよりも径の小さな高圧水用ノズルが配置される構成が公知である（例えば、特許文献５の図２参照）。しかし、この公知例は、高圧水用ノズルの周囲に圧縮空気用ノズルの開口が位置し、圧縮空気用ノズル全体としては１個であるので、噴射ノズル１，２，３をロッド長手方向に直列に互いに独立して配置した本実施形態の構成と明らかに相違する。 For example, in the CJG method, the ground is cut with high-pressure water with compressed air. In this case, a high-pressure water nozzle having a smaller diameter than that of the nozzle is arranged at the center of the compressed air nozzle opening. The structure is known (see, for example, FIG. 2 of Patent Document 5). However, in this known example, the nozzle for compressed air is positioned around the nozzle for high-pressure water, and there is only one nozzle for compressed air. Therefore, the injection nozzles 1, 2, and 3 are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of the rod. Are clearly different from the configuration of the present embodiment arranged independently of each other.
（実験例）
次に、本発明を実験例、および比較のための実験例（以下、「比較例」という。）により具体的に説明する。本実験例は高圧噴流実験であり、図２に示す実験水槽に高圧水を水平方向に噴射し、噴射後の噴流の流速を横軸方向の所定位置で電磁流速計（アレック電子製、ACM-200）により計測した。高圧水の噴射にはグラウトポンプ（最大出力：3.5MPa）を用いた。
(Experimental example)
Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to experimental examples and comparative experimental examples (hereinafter referred to as “comparative examples”). This experimental example is a high-pressure jet experiment, in which high-pressure water is injected horizontally into the experimental water tank shown in FIG. 2, and the flow velocity of the jet after injection is measured at a predetermined position in the horizontal axis direction (made by Alec Electronics, ACM- 200). A grout pump (maximum output: 3.5 MPa) was used for high-pressure water injection.
実験条件は、図３に示すとおりであり、実験例１，２および比較例２，３は、３点噴射型で、中央の噴射ノズルの径Ｄiを1.9mm、2.1mm、2.4mm、3.3mm、両端部の噴射ノズルの径Ｄ0を2.6mm、2.5mm、2.4mm、1.9mmとし、ノズル間隔Ｌ（図１（ｂ））を15mmとした。実験例１、実験例２における各ノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）は、２，１．４である。比較例２，３はノズル通水断面積比を実験例１，２よりも小さくし、各ノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）が１，０．３である。比較例１は、径を4.2mmとした噴射ノズル１個による１点噴射型である。 The experimental conditions are as shown in FIG. 3. Experimental Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are three-point injection types, and the diameter D i of the central injection nozzle is 1.9 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.4 mm, 3.3 mm, the diameter D 0 of the jet nozzles at both ends was set to 2.6 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.4 mm, and 1.9 mm, and the nozzle interval L (FIG. 1B) was set to 15 mm. In each of Experimental Examples 1 and 2, the nozzle water flow cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) is 2,1.4. In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the nozzle water flow cross-sectional area ratio is made smaller than those of Experimental Examples 1 and 2, and each nozzle water flow cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) is 1,0.3. Comparative Example 1 is a one-point injection type with one injection nozzle having a diameter of 4.2 mm.
図４に実験例１，２および比較例１〜３における噴射口からの距離と計測した流速との関係を示す。図４の実験結果から、中央の噴射ノズルの径が小さく、両端部の噴射ノズルの径が大きく、ノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）が２，１．４と大きい実験例１，２が、距離減衰がもっとも低減し、もっとも流速が大きく、到達効率がもっとも高いことがわかった。中央の噴射ノズルの径が大きく、両端部の噴射ノズルが小さくノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）がもっとも小さい比較例３がもっとも到達効率が低く、１点噴射の比較例１および中央と両端部の噴射ノズルの径が等しい比較例２がそれらの中間の到達効率であった。この実験結果から、３点噴射型で、中央の噴射ノズルの径が小さく、両端部の噴射ノズルの径が大きくノズル通水断面積比が１．４，２の場合がもっとも到達効率が高いことがわかった。 FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the distance from the injection port and the measured flow velocity in Experimental Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. From the experimental results shown in FIG. 4, Experimental Example 1 in which the diameter of the central injection nozzle is small, the diameter of the injection nozzles at both ends is large, and the nozzle cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) is as large as 21.4. , 2 was found to have the smallest distance attenuation, the largest flow velocity, and the highest reaching efficiency. Comparative Example 3 having a large diameter of the central injection nozzle, small injection nozzles at both ends, and the smallest nozzle water flow cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) has the lowest reaching efficiency, and Comparative Example 1 of one-point injection Comparative Example 2 in which the diameters of the injection nozzles at the center and both ends are equal was the intermediate efficiency. From this experimental result, the maximum efficiency is achieved when the diameter of the central injection nozzle is small, the diameter of the injection nozzles at both ends is large, and the nozzle cross-sectional area ratio is 1.4 or 2. I understood.
なお、ノズル通水断面積比（Ａ0／Ａi）が２を超えて大きくなると、端部の噴射ノズル径が極端に大きくなるため、２点噴射での到達効率に近似すると考えられるところ、本発明者等の実験・検討によれば、２点噴射型は到達効率が低い結果となることが判明している。 It should be noted that when the nozzle water flow cross-sectional area ratio (A 0 / A i ) exceeds 2 and the diameter of the injection nozzle at the end becomes extremely large, it is considered that it approximates the arrival efficiency in two-point injection. According to experiments and examinations by the present inventors, it has been found that the two-point injection type results in low reaching efficiency.
次に、上記実験例１（中央の噴射ノズルの径Ｄi1.9mm、両端部の噴射ノズル径Ｄ02.6mm）における噴射ノズル間隔Ｌを、図５のように、実験例３として10mm、比較例４として実験例１よりも長い20mmに変えて、上述と同様の高圧噴流実験を行った。 Next, the injection nozzle interval L in the experimental example 1 (center injection nozzle diameter D i 1.9 mm, both end injection nozzle diameters D 0 2.6 mm) is 10 mm as experimental example 3 as shown in FIG. As Example 4, the same high pressure jet experiment as described above was performed by changing the length to 20 mm longer than that of Experimental Example 1.
図６に実験例１，３および比較例４における噴射口からの距離と計測した流速との関係を示す。図６の実験結果から、中央の噴射ノズルの径が小さく、両端部の噴射ノズルの径が大きい場合でも、噴射ノズル間隔Ｌが15mm、10mmである実験例１，３は、噴射ノズル間隔Ｌが20mmである比較例４よりも到達効率が高いことがわかった。この実験結果から噴射ノズル間隔Ｌが15mm以下であると、到達効率が高いことがわかった。 FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the distance from the injection port and the measured flow velocity in Experimental Examples 1 and 3 and Comparative Example 4. From the experimental results of FIG. 6, even in the case where the diameter of the central injection nozzle is small and the diameter of the injection nozzles at both ends is large, the experimental examples 1 and 3 in which the injection nozzle interval L is 15 mm and 10 mm are It was found that the arrival efficiency was higher than that of Comparative Example 4 which was 20 mm. From this experimental result, it was found that the arrival efficiency was high when the spray nozzle interval L was 15 mm or less.
次に、本実施形態による噴射装置を高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法に用いた例について説明する。 Next, the example which used the injection device by this embodiment for the ground improvement construction method by a high-pressure injection construction method is explained.
図１０は、図１（ａ）（ｂ）の噴射装置を用いた高圧噴射工法による地盤改良工法の主要工程（ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）を説明するための概略図である。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining main steps (a), (b), and (c) of the ground improvement method by the high-pressure injection method using the injection device of FIGS.
図１０（ａ）のように、本工法に用いられるツールス１０は、上端から下端に向けて長く延びたロッド１２と、ロッド１２の先端部を構成するモニタ１３と、を有する。先端部のモニタ１３は、側面に高圧水を噴射するために設けられた図１（ａ）（ｂ）と同様の噴射ノズル１，２，３と、充填材を地盤内に送り込んで充填するために先端側に設けられた充填口１１と、を有する。なお、ロッド１２は、充填材が通る中央孔と高圧水が通る高圧水孔とを内部に有する特殊二重管構造となっている。 As shown in FIG. 10A, the tool 10 used in the present construction method includes a rod 12 that extends long from the upper end toward the lower end, and a monitor 13 that forms the tip of the rod 12. The tip monitor 13 is used for injecting high-pressure water on the side surface of the nozzles 1, 2 and 3 as in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), and for filling the ground with the filler. And a filling port 11 provided on the tip side. The rod 12 has a special double pipe structure having a central hole through which the filler passes and a high pressure water hole through which high pressure water passes.
図１０（ａ）のようにツールス１０をバックホウＢＨに取り付けた状態で、ツールス１０を地表面Ｓから地盤Ｇの穴Ａ’内に貫入させる。次に、図１０（ｂ）のようにロッド１２の先端部であるモニタ１３の噴射ノズル１，２，３から高圧水の噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３を噴射させながらツールス１０を回転方向ｄに回転させるとともに、ツールス１０を上方ｃに引き上げながらモニタ１３の先端の充填口１１から充填材を送り出す。このように、ツールス１０を回転させかつ一定速度で引き上げながら噴射ノズル１〜３から高圧水の噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３を噴射することで、地盤Ｇを所定の半径及び引き上げ高さで切削して軟泥化域とするとともに、充填口１１から充填材を送り出し圧入することで軟泥化域内に底部側から充填材を充填する。 With the tools 10 attached to the backhoe BH as shown in FIG. 10A, the tools 10 are penetrated from the ground surface S into the hole A 'of the ground G. Next, as shown in FIG. 10B, the tool 10 is rotated in the rotational direction d while jets of high pressure water J1, J2, J3 are jetted from the jet nozzles 1, 2, 3 of the monitor 13 which is the tip of the rod 12. At the same time, the filler is sent out from the filling port 11 at the tip of the monitor 13 while the tools 10 are pulled upward c. In this way, the ground G is cut at a predetermined radius and lifting height by jetting the high-pressure water jets J1, J2, J3 from the jet nozzles 1 to 3 while rotating the tool 10 and pulling it up at a constant speed. While making it a soft mud area, the filler is sent from the filling port 11 and press-fitted to fill the soft mud area from the bottom side.
図１０（ｃ）のように、ツールス１０を所定長さだけ引き上げ、軟泥化域内に充填材を充填させると、充填が完了し、充填材が時間とともに固化するこれにより、所定半径および所定高さを有する地盤改良体Ｂを地盤Ｇ内に造成することができる。このようにして、地盤内に充填材を圧入することで改良地盤を造成できる。 As shown in FIG. 10 (c), when the tool 10 is pulled up by a predetermined length and the filler is filled in the softened area, the filling is completed, and the filler is solidified with time, whereby a predetermined radius and a predetermined height are obtained. The ground improvement body B which has can be created in the ground G. Thus, the improved ground can be created by press-fitting the filler into the ground.
図１０（ｂ）において噴射ノズル１〜３からの噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３により地盤Ｇを切削するとき、噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３の到達効率が高くなっているので、切削による軟泥化域の半径を大きくすることができる。このため、地盤改良体の半径が大きくなり、大きな地盤改良体を造成することができる。 In FIG. 10B, when the ground G is cut by the jets J1, J2, and J3 from the jet nozzles 1 to 3, the arrival efficiency of the jets J1, J2, and J3 is high. Can be increased. For this reason, the radius of a ground improvement body becomes large and a big ground improvement body can be created.
なお、上記充填材は、セメント等の自硬性材料が混入されたものであるが、例えば、地盤Ｇ内の地盤改良体を造成するとき地盤Ｇ内から押し出された泥土にセメント等の自硬性材料を混入したもの、他から得た土にセメント等の自硬性材料を混入したものなどを用いることができる。 The filler is a mixture of self-hardening material such as cement. For example, when creating a ground improvement body in the ground G, the self-hardening material such as cement is pushed into the mud pushed out from the ground G. Or a mixture of self-hardening material such as cement in soil obtained from others.
以上のように本発明を実施するための形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内で各種の変形が可能である。例えば、図１０（ａ）〜（ｃ）では、地盤Ｇ内に軟泥化域を形成しながら充填材を充填したが、図１０（ｂ）の工程において、地盤Ｇ内に形成する地盤改良体の半径と高さに対応した所定半径と所定高さの軟泥化域を地盤Ｇ内に形成した後、セメント等の自硬性材料を混入した充填材を充填するようにしてもよい。この場合、ロッド１２は高圧水が通る単管構造でもよく、所定半径と所定高さの軟泥化域を形成した後、ツールス１０を引き抜き、充填材の充填のための管を別に差し込んで充填材を充填するようにしてもよい。 As described above, the modes for carrying out the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c), the filler is filled while forming a soft mud zone in the ground G. However, in the process of FIG. 10 (b), the ground improvement body formed in the ground G is used. After a soft mud area having a predetermined radius and a predetermined height corresponding to the radius and the height is formed in the ground G, a filler mixed with a self-hardening material such as cement may be filled. In this case, the rod 12 may have a single-pipe structure through which high-pressure water passes. After forming a soft mud with a predetermined radius and a predetermined height, the tool 10 is pulled out, and a pipe for filling the filler is inserted separately. May be filled.
また、自硬性材料を混入したスラリー状の充填材をノズル１〜３から高圧噴射し、地盤Ｇを所定の半径及び引き上げ高さで切削して軟泥化域とし、充填材を時間とともに固化するようにしてもよい。また、高圧水をノズル１〜３から高圧噴射し、地盤Ｇを所定の半径及び引き上げ高さで切削して軟泥化域としてから、自硬性材料を混入したスラリー状の充填材をノズル１〜３から高圧噴射し、時間とともに固化するようにしてもよい。 Further, a slurry-like filler mixed with a self-hardening material is jetted at high pressure from the nozzles 1 to 3, and the ground G is cut with a predetermined radius and a lifting height to form a soft mud zone, so that the filler is solidified with time. It may be. In addition, high-pressure water is jetted from nozzles 1 to 3 and ground G is cut at a predetermined radius and lifting height to form a soft mud region, and then a slurry-like filler mixed with a self-hardening material is added to nozzles 1 to 3. It is also possible to inject from a high pressure and solidify with time.
また、図１０（ａ）のようにツールス１０のロッド１２とその先端部のモニタ１３を地盤Ｇ内に貫入し、モニタ１３の噴射ノズル１，２，３から地盤改良用薬液を高圧で噴射し、ツールス１０を回転させかつ一定速度で引き上げながら、地盤Ｇ内の所定域に注入することで薬液注入による地盤改良を行うこともできる。すなわち、地盤内に注入された薬液は時間とともに硬化して地盤を固結し、地盤のせん断強度を増加させることができる。このとき、噴射ノズル１〜３からの噴流Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３の到達効率が高くなっているので、地盤内において薬液が注入される範囲を広くすることができ、薬液による地盤改良範囲を大きくすることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the rod 12 of the tool 10 and the monitor 13 at the tip of the tool 10 penetrate into the ground G, and the ground improvement chemical solution is sprayed from the spray nozzles 1, 2, 3 of the monitor 13 at a high pressure. The ground can be improved by injecting the chemical solution by injecting the tool 10 into a predetermined region in the ground G while rotating the tool 10 and pulling it up at a constant speed. That is, the chemical solution injected into the ground can be hardened with time to consolidate the ground and increase the shear strength of the ground. At this time, since the arrival efficiency of the jets J1, J2, and J3 from the injection nozzles 1 to 3 is high, the range in which the chemical solution is injected in the ground can be widened, and the ground improvement range by the chemical solution is increased. be able to.
また、図１（ａ）（ｂ）のロッドに設ける噴射ノズルは、各種の構造であってよく、例えば、ロッドに孔を直接設ける構造やロッドに埋没する交換可能なノズルチップ式構造などであってよい。 Further, the injection nozzle provided on the rod in FIGS. 1A and 1B may have various structures, such as a structure in which a hole is directly provided in the rod or a replaceable nozzle tip type structure embedded in the rod. It's okay.
１，２，３ 噴射ノズル
９，１２ ロッド
Ｂ 地盤改良体
Ｇ 地盤
Ｊ１，Ｊ２，Ｊ３ 噴流
Ｌ ノズル間隔
Ｓ 地表面
1, 2, 3 Injection nozzle 9, 12 Rod B Ground improvement body G Ground J1, J2, J3 Jet L Nozzle spacing S Ground surface
Claims (5)
中央に配置された前記第２の噴射ノズルのノズル径が、その両端に配置された前記第１および第３の噴射ノズルの径よりも小さいことを特徴とする高圧噴射工法用噴射装置。 A rod through which the liquid used in the high-pressure injection method passes; and first, second, and third injection nozzles that are sequentially arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the rod and that inject the liquid in the horizontal direction. And
An injection apparatus for a high-pressure injection method, characterized in that a nozzle diameter of the second injection nozzle arranged at the center is smaller than the diameters of the first and third injection nozzles arranged at both ends thereof.
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| JP3672265B2 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 2005-07-20 | ケミカルグラウト株式会社 | Jet grout method |
| JP2000017649A (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-18 | Nit Co Ltd | Soil improvement method |
| JP5305573B2 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2013-10-02 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Underground solid body forming device and underground solid body forming method |
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