JP5938679B2 - Bidirectional converter - Google Patents

Bidirectional converter Download PDF

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JP5938679B2
JP5938679B2 JP2012263276A JP2012263276A JP5938679B2 JP 5938679 B2 JP5938679 B2 JP 5938679B2 JP 2012263276 A JP2012263276 A JP 2012263276A JP 2012263276 A JP2012263276 A JP 2012263276A JP 5938679 B2 JP5938679 B2 JP 5938679B2
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power
control
unit
efficiency
power supply
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JP2014110665A (en
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仁 吉澤
仁 吉澤
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2013/006664 priority patent/WO2014083788A1/en
Priority to MYPI2015701660A priority patent/MY169416A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/527—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/529—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Description

本発明は、異なる電力システム間の電路に挿入されて用いられる双方向コンバータに関する。   The present invention relates to a bidirectional converter that is used by being inserted into a circuit between different power systems.

従来から、蓄電池と電力系統側との間の電路に挿入されて用いられる双方向コンバータ（電力変換装置）が知られている（例えば特許文献１参照）。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a bidirectional converter (power conversion device) that is used by being inserted in an electric circuit between a storage battery and a power system side is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特許文献１に記載された電力変換装置は、電気自動車のバッテリ（蓄電池）の充放電を制御する装置である。特許文献１に記載された電力変換装置は、制御回路の動作電圧を生成する第１電源回路および第２電源回路を備える。第１電源回路は、電力系統から供給される交流電圧から制御回路の動作電圧を生成する。第２電源回路は、電気自動車の直流電源から供給される直流電圧から制御回路の動作電圧を生成する。そして、特許文献１に記載された電力変換装置は、制御回路に動作電圧を供給する電源として、電力系統から電力が供給されている場合に第１電源回路を選択し、電力系統からの電力供給が途絶えた場合に第２電源回路を選択する。   The power converter described in patent document 1 is an apparatus which controls charging / discharging of the battery (storage battery) of an electric vehicle. The power conversion device described in Patent Literature 1 includes a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit that generate an operating voltage of the control circuit. The first power supply circuit generates an operating voltage for the control circuit from the AC voltage supplied from the power system. The second power supply circuit generates an operating voltage for the control circuit from a DC voltage supplied from a DC power supply of the electric vehicle. And the power converter device described in patent document 1 selects a 1st power supply circuit, when electric power is supplied from an electric power grid | system as power supply which supplies an operating voltage to a control circuit, and supplies electric power from an electric power grid | system. When the power supply stops, the second power supply circuit is selected.

特開２０１２−７０５３６号公報JP 2012-70536 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載された従来の電力変換装置は、制御回路に動作電圧を供給する電源回路を選択する際に、電力変換の際の使用電力の効率を考慮していないため、当該効率の悪い電源回路を選択する場合があった。   However, the conventional power conversion device described in Patent Document 1 does not consider the efficiency of power used in power conversion when selecting a power supply circuit that supplies an operation voltage to the control circuit. In some cases, a power supply circuit with a poor quality was selected.

本発明は上記の点に鑑みて為された発明であり、本発明の目的は、電力変換の際の使用電力の効率を改善することができる双方向コンバータを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional converter that can improve the efficiency of power used in power conversion.

本発明の双方向コンバータは、第１の電力システムと第２の電力システムとの間の電路に挿入されて用いられる双方向コンバータであって、前記第１の電力システムと前記第２の電力システムとの間において双方向で電力を変換する電力変換部と、前記電力変換部を制御する制御部と、各々が前記第１の電力システムまたは前記第２の電力システムから電力供給を受けて前記制御部の駆動電力を当該制御部に供給可能に設けられた第１の制御電源および第２の制御電源と、前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源のうち、使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する選択部と、前記第１の電力システム側の第１の電圧を計測する第１の計測部と、前記第２の電力システム側の第２の電圧を計測する第２の計測部と、前記第１の電力システムと前記第２の電力システムとの間で変換される予定電力を取得する取得部と、前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧、および、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力の組み合わせにおいて、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として前記第１の制御電源を用いた場合の効率、および、当該電源として前記第２の制御電源を用いた場合の効率を求める演算部とを備え、前記選択部は、前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源のうち、前記演算部で演算された前記効率が高いほうの制御電源を、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として選択することを特徴とする。 The bidirectional converter according to the present invention is a bidirectional converter that is used by being inserted into an electric circuit between a first power system and a second power system, and the first power system and the second power system. A power conversion unit that bi-directionally converts power, a control unit that controls the power conversion unit, and each of which receives power from the first power system or the second power system and performs the control Among the first control power source and the second control power source provided so as to be able to supply the drive power of the unit to the control unit, and the first control power source and the second control power source, the efficiency of the power used is high A selection unit that selects the control power source as a power source that supplies the driving power to the control unit, a first measurement unit that measures a first voltage on the first power system side, and the second Second on the power system side Measured by a second measurement unit that measures voltage, an acquisition unit that acquires planned power to be converted between the first power system and the second power system, and the first measurement unit In the combination of the first voltage, the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit, and the scheduled power acquired by the acquisition unit, as a power source for supplying the drive power to the control unit An arithmetic unit that obtains the efficiency when using the first control power source and the efficiency when using the second control power source as the power source, and the selection unit includes the first control power source and Of the second control power sources, the control power source having the higher efficiency calculated by the arithmetic unit is selected as a power source for supplying the driving power to the control unit .

この双方向コンバータにおいて、前記第１の電力システムおよび前記第２の電力システムとは別に設けられて起動時に前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源の少なくとも一方に電力を供給する電力供給手段をさらに備えることが好ましい。   In this bidirectional converter, a power supply provided separately from the first power system and the second power system and supplying power to at least one of the first control power supply and the second control power supply at startup Preferably further means are provided.

この双方向コンバータにおいて、前記第１の電圧と前記第１の制御電源の効率とが対応付けられている第１のテーブルと、前記第２の電圧と前記第２の制御電源の効率とが対応付けられている第２のテーブルと、前記第１の電圧、前記第２の電圧および前記予定電力の組み合わせと前記電力変換部の効率とが対応付けられている第３のテーブルとを記憶する記憶部をさらに備え、前記演算部は、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第１のテーブルを用いて、前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧に対応する前記第１の制御電源の効率を決定する第１の決定部と、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第２のテーブルを用いて、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧に対応する前記第２の制御電源の効率を決定する第２の決定部と、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第３のテーブルを用いて、前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧、および、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力の組み合わせに対応する前記電力変換部の効率を決定する第３の決定部と、前記第１の決定部で決定された前記第１の制御電源の効率、前記第２の決定部で決定された前記第２の制御電源の効率、前記第３の決定部で決定された前記電力変換部の効率、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力、および、前記駆動電力を用いて、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として前記第１の制御電源を用いた場合の効率と、当該電源として前記第２の制御電源を用いた場合の効率とを算出する算出部とを含むことが好ましい。   In this bidirectional converter, the first table in which the first voltage and the efficiency of the first control power supply are associated with each other, and the second voltage and the efficiency of the second control power supply correspond to each other. A storage for storing a second table attached and a third table in which the combination of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the scheduled power is associated with the efficiency of the power conversion unit A first control unit corresponding to the first voltage measured by the first measurement unit using the first table stored in the storage unit. The first determination unit that determines the efficiency of the power supply and the second table stored in the storage unit, and the second voltage corresponding to the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit. A second determining unit that determines the efficiency of the two control power sources; Using the third table stored in the storage unit, the first voltage measured by the first measurement unit, the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit, and A third determination unit that determines the efficiency of the power conversion unit corresponding to the combination of the planned power acquired by the acquisition unit, and the efficiency of the first control power source determined by the first determination unit The efficiency of the second control power source determined by the second determination unit, the efficiency of the power conversion unit determined by the third determination unit, the scheduled power acquired by the acquisition unit, and Using the driving power, the efficiency when the first control power source is used as the power source for supplying the driving power to the control unit, and the efficiency when the second control power source is used as the power source. It is preferable that the calculation part to calculate is included.

本発明の双方向コンバータでは、制御部に駆動電力を供給する制御電源を使用状況に応じて選択することができるので、電力変換の際の使用電力の効率を改善することができる。   In the bidirectional converter according to the present invention, a control power supply that supplies driving power to the control unit can be selected according to the use situation, so that the efficiency of the power used during power conversion can be improved.

実施形態１に係るパワーコンディショナの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１に係るパワーコンディショナの効率を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the efficiency of the power conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１に係る第１の制御電源の効率を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the efficiency of the 1st control power supply which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１に係る第２の制御電源の効率を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the efficiency of the 2nd control power supply which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１に係る電力変換部の効率を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the efficiency of the power conversion part which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１に係るパワーコンディショナの動作を示すフローチャートである。3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the power conditioner according to the first embodiment. 実施形態２に係るパワーコンディショナの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG.

以下の実施形態１，２において、双方向コンバータは、制御部の駆動電力（動作電力）を当該制御部に供給可能に設けられた第１の制御電源および第２の制御電源を備える。第１の制御電源および第２の制御電源の各々は、第１の電力システムまたは第２の電力システムから電力供給を受けて制御部に駆動電力を供給する。そして、双方向コンバータは、第１の制御電源および第２の制御電源のうち、双方向コンバータの使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を、制御部に駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する。   In the following first and second embodiments, the bidirectional converter includes a first control power source and a second control power source provided so as to be able to supply drive power (operating power) of the control unit to the control unit. Each of the first control power supply and the second control power supply receives power supply from the first power system or the second power system and supplies drive power to the control unit. Then, the bidirectional converter selects a control power source having higher efficiency of power used by the bidirectional converter as a power source for supplying driving power to the control unit, out of the first control power source and the second control power source.

これにより、双方向コンバータでは、制御部に駆動電力を供給する制御電源を使用状況に応じて選択することができるので、電力変換の際の双方向コンバータの効率を改善することができる。   Thereby, in the bidirectional converter, the control power supply that supplies the driving power to the control unit can be selected according to the use situation, so that the efficiency of the bidirectional converter at the time of power conversion can be improved.

以下、図面を参照しながら、実施形態１，２について説明する。   Hereinafter, Embodiments 1 and 2 will be described with reference to the drawings.

（実施形態１）
実施形態１に係るパワーコンディショナ１は、図１に示すように、蓄電池（第１の電力システム）２の蓄電および放電を制御する充放電用の双方向コンバータである。本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、例えば電力会社から電力が供給されている需要家において、蓄電池２と系統側システム（第２の電力システム）３との間の電路に挿入されて用いられる。需要家としては、例えば戸建住宅、集合住宅の各住戸、工場、事務所などがある。なお、図１において、実線は電路を示し、破線は電路以外の信号線などを示す。 (Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the power conditioner 1 according to Embodiment 1 is a charge / discharge bidirectional converter that controls the storage and discharge of a storage battery (first power system) 2. The power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment is used by being inserted into an electric circuit between the storage battery 2 and the system side system (second electric power system) 3 in a consumer to which electric power is supplied from, for example, an electric power company. As a consumer, there are a detached house, each dwelling unit of a housing complex, a factory, an office, etc., for example. In FIG. 1, a solid line indicates an electric circuit, and a broken line indicates a signal line other than the electric circuit.

本実施形態では、パワーコンディショナ１がＶ２Ｈ（Vehicle to Home）システムに用いられる場合について説明する。Ｖ２Ｈシステムは、電気自動車に搭載されている大容量蓄電池に家庭の電力系統から充電するのみではなく、当該蓄電池に貯めた電力を家庭の電力系統と連係して使用（放電）することができるシステムである。   This embodiment demonstrates the case where the power conditioner 1 is used for a V2H (Vehicle to Home) system. The V2H system not only charges a large-capacity storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle from a home power system, but also uses (discharges) the power stored in the storage battery in conjunction with the home power system. It is.

本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、充放電時に蓄電池２の直流電力（直流電圧、直流電流）と系統側システム３の交流電力（交流電圧、交流電流）とを相互に変換する電気自動車用充放電器である。このパワーコンディショナ１は、蓄電池２の充電時には、系統側システム３からの交流電力を直流電力に変換し、当該直流電力を蓄電池２へ出力する。一方、蓄電池２の放電時には、パワーコンディショナ１は、蓄電池２の直流電力を交流電力に変換し、当該交流電力を系統側システム３へ出力する。   The power conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment is a charge for electric vehicles that mutually converts DC power (DC voltage, DC current) of the storage battery 2 and AC power (AC voltage, AC current) of the system side system 3 during charging and discharging. It is a discharger. When the storage battery 2 is charged, the power conditioner 1 converts AC power from the system side system 3 into DC power, and outputs the DC power to the storage battery 2. On the other hand, when the storage battery 2 is discharged, the power conditioner 1 converts the DC power of the storage battery 2 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the system side system 3.

蓄電池２は、例えばニッケル水素電池またはリチウムイオン電池などの電気自動車用大容量蓄電池であり、電気自動車に搭載されている。蓄電池２は、パワーコンディショナ１に接続され、パワーコンディショナ１を介して系統側システム３から供給される電力によって充電される。また、停電時に系統側システム３に接続されている負荷機器（図示せず）を動作させたい場合に、蓄電池２は、パワーコンディショナ１を介して系統側システム３に放電する。   The storage battery 2 is a large-capacity storage battery for an electric vehicle such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery, and is mounted on the electric vehicle. The storage battery 2 is connected to the power conditioner 1 and is charged with electric power supplied from the system side system 3 via the power conditioner 1. Further, when it is desired to operate a load device (not shown) connected to the system side system 3 at the time of a power failure, the storage battery 2 is discharged to the system side system 3 through the power conditioner 1.

系統側システム３は、電力系統３１に接続されているシステムである。図示しないが、系統側システム３は、電力系統３１に接続されている分電盤を備えており、負荷機器に電力を供給する。当該分電盤は、第２の電路５２によってパワーコンディショナ１に接続されている。当該負荷機器は、当該分電盤に接続されており、電力系統３１または蓄電池２から電力が供給されると動作する。 The system side system 3 is a system connected to the power system 31. Although not shown, the grid-side system 3 includes a distribution board connected to the power grid 31, and supplies power to the load device. The distribution board is connected to the power conditioner 1 by the second conductive path 52. The load device is connected to the distribution board and operates when power is supplied from the power system 31 or the storage battery 2.

本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、図１に示すように、第１の接続部１１と、第２の接続部１２と、解列器１３と、電力変換部１４と、第１の制御電源１５と、第２の制御電源１６と、制御装置４とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment includes a first connection unit 11, a second connection unit 12, a disconnector 13, a power conversion unit 14, and a first control power source. 15, a second control power supply 16, and a control device 4.

第１の接続部１１は、電力変換部１４側の電路１７１と蓄電池２側の第１の電路５１とを接続するために設けられた端子である。すなわち、第１の接続部１１には、蓄電池２が電気的に接続されている。   The first connection unit 11 is a terminal provided to connect the electric circuit 171 on the power conversion unit 14 side and the first electric circuit 51 on the storage battery 2 side. That is, the storage battery 2 is electrically connected to the first connection portion 11.

開閉器２１は、パワーコンディショナ１と蓄電池２との間の第１の電路５１に挿入されて設けられている。そして、開閉器２１は、パワーコンディショナ１と蓄電池２との間を電気的に接続させるように閉じたり、パワーコンディショナ１と蓄電池２との間を電気的に遮断させるように開いたりする。開閉器２１は、例えば蓄電池２の充放電が行われない場合、または、蓄電池２の充放電中に異常が発生した場合に開く。   The switch 21 is provided by being inserted into a first electric circuit 51 between the power conditioner 1 and the storage battery 2. Then, the switch 21 is closed so as to electrically connect the power conditioner 1 and the storage battery 2, or is opened so as to electrically disconnect the power conditioner 1 and the storage battery 2. The switch 21 is opened when charging / discharging of the storage battery 2 is not performed or when an abnormality occurs during charging / discharging of the storage battery 2, for example.

第２の接続部１２は、電力変換部１４側の電路１７２と系統側システム３側の第２の電路５２とを接続するために設けられた端子である。すなわち、第２の接続部１２には、系統側システム３が電気的に接続されている。   The second connection unit 12 is a terminal provided to connect the electric circuit 172 on the power conversion unit 14 side and the second electric circuit 52 on the system side system 3 side. That is, the system side system 3 is electrically connected to the second connection unit 12.

解列器１３は、第２の接続部１２と電力変換部１４との間の電路１７２に挿入されて設けられており、後述の制御部４１の制御によって開閉する。すなわち、解列器１３は、第２の接続部１２と電力変換部１４との間を電気的に接続させるように閉じたり、第２の接続部１２と電力変換部１４との間を電気的に遮断させるように開いたりする。   The circuit breaker 13 is provided by being inserted into an electric path 172 between the second connection unit 12 and the power conversion unit 14, and opens and closes under the control of the control unit 41 described later. That is, the circuit breaker 13 is closed so that the second connection unit 12 and the power conversion unit 14 are electrically connected, or the second connection unit 12 and the power conversion unit 14 are electrically connected. Or open to block.

電力変換部１４は、蓄電池２と系統側システム３との間において双方向で電力（電圧、電流）を変換する。電力変換部１４は、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ（ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換部）１４１と、平滑コンデンサ１４２と、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ（ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換部）１４３とを備えている。電力変換部１４は、後述の制御部４１の制御によって動作する。   The power conversion unit 14 bi-directionally converts power (voltage, current) between the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3. The power conversion unit 14 includes a DC / AC inverter (DC / AC conversion unit) 141, a smoothing capacitor 142, and a DC / DC converter (DC / DC conversion unit) 143. The power conversion unit 14 operates under the control of the control unit 41 described later.

ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１は、制御部４１の制御によって直流電力（直流電圧、直流電流）と交流電力（交流電圧、交流電流）との間を変換する双方向ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータである。ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１は、スイッチング素子（図示せず）のオンオフによって動作する。このスイッチング素子は、例えば絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタ（Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor：ＩＧＢＴ、以下「ＩＧＢＴ」という）などであり、制御部４１からの制御信号に従ってオンオフを切り替える。   The DC / AC inverter 141 is a bidirectional DC / AC inverter that converts between DC power (DC voltage, DC current) and AC power (AC voltage, AC current) under the control of the control unit 41. The DC / AC inverter 141 operates by turning on / off a switching element (not shown). The switching element is, for example, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) (hereinafter referred to as “IGBT”), and is switched on and off in accordance with a control signal from the control unit 41.

ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１は、蓄電池２の充電時には、系統側システム３から第２の接続部１２および解列器１３を介して供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換し、平滑コンデンサ１４２を介して当該直流電力をＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３へ出力する。一方、蓄電池２の放電時には、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１は、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３から出力された直流電力を交流電力に変換して系統側システム３へ出力する。   When charging the storage battery 2, the DC / AC inverter 141 converts AC power supplied from the system side system 3 through the second connection unit 12 and the disconnector 13 into DC power, and passes through the smoothing capacitor 142. The DC power is output to the DC / DC converter 143. On the other hand, when the storage battery 2 is discharged, the DC / AC inverter 141 converts the DC power output from the DC / DC converter 143 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the system side system 3.

平滑コンデンサ１４２は、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１とＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３との間に設けられている。平滑コンデンサ１４２は、蓄電池２の充電時において、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１の出力電圧を平滑し、蓄電池２の放電時において、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３の出力電圧を平滑する。   The smoothing capacitor 142 is provided between the DC / AC inverter 141 and the DC / DC converter 143. The smoothing capacitor 142 smoothes the output voltage of the DC / AC inverter 141 when the storage battery 2 is charged, and smoothes the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 143 when the storage battery 2 is discharged.

ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、制御部４１の制御によって直流電力（直流電圧、直流電流）の大きさを変換する双方向ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータである。ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、スイッチング素子（図示せず）のオンオフによって動作する。このスイッチング素子は、例えばＩＧＢＴなどであり、制御部４１からの制御信号に従ってオンオフを切り替える。また、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、例えばトランスを用いた絶縁型ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータである。なお、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、絶縁型に限らず、非絶縁型であってもよい。   The DC / DC converter 143 is a bidirectional DC / DC converter that converts the magnitude of DC power (DC voltage, DC current) under the control of the control unit 41. The DC / DC converter 143 operates by turning on and off a switching element (not shown). This switching element is, for example, an IGBT or the like, and switches on / off according to a control signal from the control unit 41. The DC / DC converter 143 is an insulated DC / DC converter using a transformer, for example. The DC / DC converter 143 is not limited to an insulating type, and may be a non-insulating type.

ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、蓄電池２の充電時には、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１から出力された直流電力を変換して蓄電池２へ出力する。一方、蓄電池２の放電時には、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３は、蓄電池２の直流電力を変換し、平滑コンデンサ１４２を介してＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１へ出力する。   The DC / DC converter 143 converts the DC power output from the DC / AC inverter 141 and outputs it to the storage battery 2 when the storage battery 2 is charged. On the other hand, when the storage battery 2 is discharged, the DC / DC converter 143 converts the DC power of the storage battery 2 and outputs it to the DC / AC inverter 141 via the smoothing capacitor 142.

第１の制御電源１５は、制御装置４（制御部４１を含む）を駆動するための駆動電力を制御装置４に供給する電源回路である。第１の制御電源１５は、第１の接続部１１と電力変換部１４との間の電路１７１に接続されている。すなわち、第１の制御電源１５は、蓄電池２から電力供給を受けて制御装置４に駆動電力を供給することができるように設けられている。また、第１の制御電源１５は、電力変換部１４を介して系統側システム３から電力供給を受けて制御装置４に駆動電力を供給することもできる。   The first control power supply 15 is a power supply circuit that supplies driving power for driving the control device 4 (including the control unit 41) to the control device 4. The first control power supply 15 is connected to an electric circuit 171 between the first connection unit 11 and the power conversion unit 14. That is, the first control power supply 15 is provided so as to be able to receive drive power from the storage battery 2 and supply drive power to the control device 4. The first control power supply 15 can also receive power supply from the system side system 3 via the power conversion unit 14 and supply drive power to the control device 4.

第２の制御電源１６は、制御装置４（制御部４１を含む）を駆動するための駆動電力を制御装置４に供給する電源回路である。第２の制御電源１６は、第２の接続部１２と電力変換部１４との間の電路１７２に接続されている。すなわち、第２の制御電源１６は、系統側システム３から電力供給を受けて制御装置４に駆動電力を供給することができるように設けられている。また、第２の制御電源１６は、電力変換部１４を介して蓄電池２から電力供給を受けて制御装置４に駆動電力を供給することもできる。   The second control power supply 16 is a power supply circuit that supplies driving power for driving the control device 4 (including the control unit 41) to the control device 4. The second control power supply 16 is connected to an electric circuit 172 between the second connection unit 12 and the power conversion unit 14. That is, the second control power supply 16 is provided so as to receive power supply from the system side system 3 and supply drive power to the control device 4. Further, the second control power supply 16 can also receive drive power from the storage battery 2 via the power converter 14 and supply drive power to the control device 4.

制御装置４は、制御部４１と、第１の計測部４２と、第２の計測部４３と、取得部４４と、演算部４５と、選択部４６と、記憶部４７とを備えている。制御装置４は、例えばＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit：中央処理装置）およびメモリが搭載されたコンピュータ（マイクロコンピュータを含む）を主構成要素とする。   The control device 4 includes a control unit 41, a first measurement unit 42, a second measurement unit 43, an acquisition unit 44, a calculation unit 45, a selection unit 46, and a storage unit 47. The control device 4 includes, for example, a computer (including a microcomputer) on which a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory are mounted as main components.

制御部４１は、電力変換部１４を制御する。すなわち、制御部４１は、解列器１３と、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ１４１と、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１４３とを制御する。これにより、制御部４１は、蓄電池２の充電および放電を制御する。この際、制御部４１は、第２の接続部１２から系統側システム３へ供給する交流電力を、電力系統３１が供給する商用電力に協調させる系統連系運転機能を有している。また、制御部４１は、蓄電池２に対して充電と放電のいずれを行うのかについて検知する。制御部４１は、コンピュータに搭載されたＣＰＵを主構成要素とし、プログラムに従って動作する。   The control unit 41 controls the power conversion unit 14. That is, the control unit 41 controls the circuit breaker 13, the DC / AC inverter 141, and the DC / DC converter 143. Thereby, the control unit 41 controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 2. At this time, the control unit 41 has a grid-connected operation function for coordinating AC power supplied from the second connection unit 12 to the grid-side system 3 with commercial power supplied by the power grid 31. Further, the control unit 41 detects whether the storage battery 2 is charged or discharged. The control unit 41 has a CPU mounted on a computer as a main component, and operates according to a program.

第１の計測部４２は、第１の接続部１１と電力変換部１４との間の両端電圧を、蓄電池２側の電池電圧（第１の電圧）Ｖ１として計測する。   The 1st measurement part 42 measures the both-ends voltage between the 1st connection part 11 and the power converter 14 as the battery voltage (1st voltage) V1 by the side of the storage battery 2. FIG.

第２の計測部４３は、第２の接続部１２と電力変換部１４との間の両端電圧を、電力系統３１側の系統電圧（第２の電圧）Ｖ２として計測する。   The 2nd measurement part 43 measures the both-ends voltage between the 2nd connection part 12 and the power converter 14 as the system voltage (2nd voltage) V2 by the side of the electric power grid | system 31. FIG.

取得部４４は、蓄電池２に対する充放電の予定電力（予定電力情報）を取得する。充電の場合、取得部４４は、予定充電電力を示す予定充電情報を取得する。予定充電電力は、例えば電路１７１または第１の電路５１に流れる電流と電池電圧Ｖ１との積で求められる。放電の場合、取得部４４は、予定放電電力を示す予定放電情報を取得する。予定放電電力は、例えば電路１７２または第２の電路５２に流れる電流と系統電圧Ｖ２との積で求められる。なお、予定充電電力および予定放電電力を求める手段は、パワーコンディショナ１内にあってもよいし、パワーコンディショナ１とは別であってもよい。予定充電電力および予定放電電力を求める手段がパワーコンディショナ１とは別である場合、取得部４４は、予定電力情報を蓄電池２から取得してもよいし、複数の負荷機器を管理するＨＥＭＳ（Home Energy Management System）などから取得してもよい。また、予定充電電力および予定放電電力は、パワーコンディショナ１内またはパワーコンディショナ１外において、充放電の開始前に予め設定されていてもよい。   The acquisition unit 44 acquires planned power (scheduled power information) for charging / discharging the storage battery 2. In the case of charging, the acquisition unit 44 acquires planned charging information indicating planned charging power. The scheduled charging power is obtained, for example, by the product of the current flowing through the electric circuit 171 or the first electric circuit 51 and the battery voltage V1. In the case of discharge, the acquisition unit 44 acquires planned discharge information indicating the planned discharge power. The planned discharge power is obtained by, for example, the product of the current flowing in the electric circuit 172 or the second electric circuit 52 and the system voltage V2. The means for obtaining the planned charging power and the planned discharging power may be in the power conditioner 1 or may be different from the power conditioner 1. When the means for obtaining the planned charge power and the planned discharge power is different from that of the power conditioner 1, the acquisition unit 44 may acquire the planned power information from the storage battery 2 or a HEMS ( Home Energy Management System). Further, the planned charging power and the planned discharging power may be set in advance in the power conditioner 1 or outside the power conditioner 1 before the start of charging / discharging.

演算部４５は、第１の計測部４２で計測された電池電圧Ｖ１と、第２の計測部４３で計測された系統電圧Ｖ２と、取得部４４で取得された予定電力との組み合わせにおいて、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いた場合の効率と、当該電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いた場合の効率とを求める。演算部４５は、第１の決定部４５１と、第２の決定部４５２と、第３の決定部４５３と、算出部４５４とを備えている。   The calculation unit 45 controls the combination of the battery voltage V1 measured by the first measurement unit 42, the system voltage V2 measured by the second measurement unit 43, and the planned power acquired by the acquisition unit 44. The efficiency when the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the device 4 and the efficiency when the second control power supply 16 is used as the power supply are obtained. The calculation unit 45 includes a first determination unit 451, a second determination unit 452, a third determination unit 453, and a calculation unit 454.

図１に示す第１の決定部４５１は、記憶部４７に記憶されている第１のテーブル４７１を用いて、第１の計測部４２で計測された電池電圧Ｖ１に対応する第１の制御電源１５の効率η１を決定する。第１の制御電源１５の効率η１は、電池電圧Ｖ１によって変化する。図３は、第１のテーブル４７１を示す。図３に示すように、第１のテーブル４７１では、電池電圧Ｖ１と第１の制御電源１５の効率η１とが対応付けられている。図３の例では、電池電圧Ｖ１がｍ通りの場合について示されている。   The first determination unit 451 shown in FIG. 1 uses the first table 471 stored in the storage unit 47 and uses the first control power supply corresponding to the battery voltage V1 measured by the first measurement unit 42. The efficiency η1 of 15 is determined. The efficiency η1 of the first control power supply 15 varies depending on the battery voltage V1. FIG. 3 shows the first table 471. As shown in FIG. 3, in the first table 471, the battery voltage V1 and the efficiency η1 of the first control power supply 15 are associated with each other. In the example of FIG. 3, the case where the battery voltage V1 is m is shown.

図１に示す第２の決定部４５２は、記憶部４７に記憶されている第２のテーブル４７２を用いて、第２の計測部４３で計測された系統電圧Ｖ２に対応する第２の制御電源１６の効率η２を決定する。第２の制御電源１６の効率η２は、系統電圧Ｖ２によって変化する。図４は、第２のテーブル４７２を示す。図４に示すように、第２のテーブル４７２では、系統電圧Ｖ２と第２の制御電源１６の効率η２とが対応付けられている。図４の例では、系統電圧Ｖ２がｎ通りの場合について示されている。   The second determination unit 452 illustrated in FIG. 1 uses the second table 472 stored in the storage unit 47 and uses the second control power supply corresponding to the system voltage V2 measured by the second measurement unit 43. The efficiency η2 of 16 is determined. The efficiency η2 of the second control power supply 16 varies depending on the system voltage V2. FIG. 4 shows the second table 472. As shown in FIG. 4, in the second table 472, the system voltage V2 and the efficiency η2 of the second control power supply 16 are associated with each other. In the example of FIG. 4, the system voltage V2 is shown for n types.

図１に示す第３の決定部４５３は、記憶部４７に記憶されている第３のテーブル４７３を用いて、第１の計測部４２で計測された電池電圧Ｖ１と、第２の計測部４３で計測された系統電圧Ｖ２と、取得部４４で取得された予定電力との組み合わせに対応する電力変換部１４の効率η３を決定する。電力変換部１４の効率η３は、電池電圧Ｖ１と、系統電圧Ｖ２と、予定電力とによって変化する。図５は、第３のテーブル４７３を示す。図５に示すように、第３のテーブル４７３では、電池電圧Ｖ１、系統電圧Ｖ２および予定電力の組み合わせと電力変換部１４の効率η３とが対応付けられている。図５の例では、ｚ通りの場合について示されている。予定電力が１０００Ｗ、２０００Ｗ、３０００Ｗ、４０００Ｗの４通りである場合、ｚは（ｍ×ｎ×４）通りとなる。   The third determination unit 453 illustrated in FIG. 1 uses the third table 473 stored in the storage unit 47 and the battery voltage V <b> 1 measured by the first measurement unit 42 and the second measurement unit 43. The efficiency η3 of the power conversion unit 14 corresponding to the combination of the system voltage V2 measured in step 1 and the planned power acquired by the acquisition unit 44 is determined. The efficiency η3 of the power conversion unit 14 varies depending on the battery voltage V1, the system voltage V2, and the planned power. FIG. 5 shows the third table 473. As shown in FIG. 5, in the third table 473, the combination of the battery voltage V1, the system voltage V2, and the scheduled power is associated with the efficiency η3 of the power conversion unit 14. In the example of FIG. 5, z cases are shown. When the planned power is four ways of 1000 W, 2000 W, 3000 W, and 4000 W, z is (m × n × 4).

図１に示す算出部４５４は、第１の決定部４５１で決定された第１の制御電源１５の効率η１と、第２の決定部４５２で決定された第２の制御電源１６の効率η２と、第３の決定部４５３で決定された電力変換部１４の効率η３とを取得する。さらに、算出部４５４は、取得部４４で取得された予定電力と、駆動電力とを取得する。そして、算出部４５４は、当該効率η１と、当該効率η２と、当該効率η３と、当該予定電力と、当該駆動電力とを用いて、パワーコンディショナ１の効率を算出する。すなわち、算出部４５４は、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いた場合のパワーコンディショナ１の効率と、当該電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いた場合のパワーコンディショナ１の効率とを算出する。   The calculation unit 454 shown in FIG. 1 includes the efficiency η1 of the first control power supply 15 determined by the first determination unit 451, the efficiency η2 of the second control power supply 16 determined by the second determination unit 452, and Then, the efficiency η3 of the power conversion unit 14 determined by the third determination unit 453 is acquired. Furthermore, the calculation unit 454 acquires the scheduled power acquired by the acquisition unit 44 and the driving power. Then, the calculation unit 454 calculates the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 using the efficiency η1, the efficiency η2, the efficiency η3, the scheduled power, and the drive power. That is, the calculation unit 454 uses the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 when the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying driving power to the control device 4 and the second control power supply 16 as the power supply. The efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is calculated.

パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、蓄電池２の充電時には、系統側システム３側の電力Ａ２に対する蓄電池２側の予定充電電力Ａ１の比率（Ａ１／Ａ２）である。制御装置４（制御部４１を含む）に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いる場合、系統側システム３側の電力Ａ２は、蓄電池２を充電するのに必要な電力Ｃ１と、第１の制御電源１５が制御装置４に駆動電力Ｂ１を供給するのに必要な電力Ｄ１との総和（Ｃ１＋Ｄ１）である。したがって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、Ａ１／（Ｃ１＋Ｄ１）である。このとき、電力Ｃ１は（Ａ１／η３）となり、電力Ｄ１は（Ｂ１／（η３・η１））となる。η１は第１の制御電源１５の効率であり、η３は電力変換部１４の効率である。   The efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is the ratio (A1 / A2) of the planned charging power A1 on the storage battery 2 side to the power A2 on the system side system 3 side when the storage battery 2 is charged. When the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4 (including the control unit 41), the power A2 on the system side system 3 side is the power C1 necessary for charging the storage battery 2. , The sum (C1 + D1) with the power D1 required for the first control power supply 15 to supply the driving power B1 to the control device 4. Therefore, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A1 / (C1 + D1). At this time, the power C1 is (A1 / η3), and the power D1 is (B1 / (η3 · η1)). η1 is the efficiency of the first control power supply 15, and η3 is the efficiency of the power conversion unit 14.

一方、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いる場合、系統側システム３側の電力Ａ２は、蓄電池２を充電するのに必要な電力Ｃ１と、第２の制御電源１６が制御装置４に駆動電力Ｂ１を供給するのに必要な電力Ｄ２との総和（Ｃ１＋Ｄ２）である。したがって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、Ａ１／（Ｃ１＋Ｄ２）である。このとき、電力Ｃ１は（Ａ１／η３）となり、電力Ｄ２は（Ｂ１／η２）となる。η２は第２の制御電源１６の効率であり、η３は電力変換部１４の効率である。   On the other hand, when the second control power supply 16 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4, the power A2 on the system side system 3 side includes the power C1 necessary for charging the storage battery 2 and the second control power. This is the sum (C1 + D2) with the power D2 necessary for the power supply 16 to supply the driving power B1 to the control device 4. Therefore, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A1 / (C1 + D2). At this time, the power C1 is (A1 / η3), and the power D2 is (B1 / η2). η2 is the efficiency of the second control power supply 16, and η3 is the efficiency of the power conversion unit 14.

また、蓄電池２の放電時には、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、蓄電池２側の電力Ａ１に対する系統側システム３側の予定放電電力Ａ２の比率（Ａ２／Ａ１）である。制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いる場合、蓄電池２側の電力Ａ１は、系統側システム３に放電するのに必要な電力Ｃ１と、第１の制御電源１５が制御装置４に駆動電力Ｂ１を供給するのに必要な電力Ｄ１との総和（Ｃ１＋Ｄ１）である。したがって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、Ａ２／（Ｃ１＋Ｄ１）である。このとき、電力Ｃ１は（Ａ１／η３）となり、電力Ｄ１は（Ｂ１／η１）となる。   Further, when the storage battery 2 is discharged, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is the ratio (A2 / A1) of the planned discharge power A2 on the system side system 3 side to the power A1 on the storage battery 2 side. When the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4, the power A <b> 1 on the storage battery 2 side is the power C <b> 1 necessary for discharging to the system side system 3 and the first control power supply 15. Is the sum (C1 + D1) with the power D1 required to supply the drive power B1 to the control device 4. Therefore, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A2 / (C1 + D1). At this time, the power C1 is (A1 / η3), and the power D1 is (B1 / η1).

一方、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いる場合、蓄電池２側の電力Ａ１は、系統側システム３に放電するのに必要な電力Ｃ１と、第２の制御電源１６が制御装置４に駆動電力Ｂ１を供給するのに必要な電力Ｄ２との総和（Ｃ１＋Ｄ２）である。したがって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、Ａ２／（Ｃ１＋Ｄ２）である。このとき、電力Ｃ１は（Ａ２／η３）となり、電力Ｄ２は（Ｂ１／（η３・η２））となる。   On the other hand, when the second control power supply 16 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4, the power A1 on the storage battery 2 side is the power C1 necessary for discharging to the system side system 3 and the second control power. This is the sum (C1 + D2) with the power D2 necessary for the power supply 16 to supply the driving power B1 to the control device 4. Therefore, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A2 / (C1 + D2). At this time, the power C1 is (A2 / η3), and the power D2 is (B1 / (η3 · η2)).

したがって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、図２に示すように、充電の場合、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いるときでは、Ａ１／｛（Ａ１／η３）＋（Ｂ１／（η３・η１））｝となり、当該電源として第２の制御電源を用いるときでは、Ａ１／｛（Ａ１／η３）＋（Ｂ１／η２）｝となる。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A1 / {(A1 / η3) when the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4 in the case of charging. ) + (B1 / (η3 · η1))}, and when the second control power supply is used as the power supply, A1 / {(A1 / η3) + (B1 / η2)}.

放電の場合、パワーコンディショナ１の効率は、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いるときでは、Ａ２／｛（Ａ２／η３）＋（Ｂ１／η１）｝となり、当該電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いるときでは、Ａ２／｛（Ａ２／η３）＋（Ｂ１／（η３・η２））｝となる。   In the case of discharging, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is A2 / {(A2 / η3) + (B1 / η1)} when the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4. When the second control power supply 16 is used as the power supply, A2 / {(A2 / η3) + (B1 / (η3 · η2))}.

図１に示す選択部４６は、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち、使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する。本実施形態の選択部４６は、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち、演算部４５で演算された効率が高いほうの制御電源を、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する。   The selection unit 46 illustrated in FIG. 1 selects the control power source having the higher power consumption efficiency among the first control power source 15 and the second control power source 16 as the power source for supplying drive power to the control device 4. . The selection unit 46 of the present embodiment supplies drive power to the control device 4 of the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16 that has the higher efficiency calculated by the calculation unit 45. Select as power source.

記憶部４７は、上述したように、第１のテーブル４７１と、第２のテーブル４７２と、第３のテーブル４７３とを記憶している。なお、記憶部４７は、上記以外にも、必要に応じて各種の情報を記憶している。   As described above, the storage unit 47 stores the first table 471, the second table 472, and the third table 473. In addition to the above, the storage unit 47 stores various types of information as necessary.

ところで、本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、起動時に制御部４１が電力変換部１４を動作させることができないため、パワーコンディショナ１の効率を考慮して第１の制御電源１５または第２の制御電源１６を選択することができない。   By the way, since the control part 41 cannot operate the power conversion part 14 at the time of starting the power conditioner 1 of this embodiment, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 is considered and the 1st control power supply 15 or 2nd The control power supply 16 cannot be selected.

そこで、本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、起動時に駆動電力を制御装置４に供給する電源として、系統側システム３側の第２の制御電源１６を優先的に選択する。   Therefore, the power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment preferentially selects the second control power supply 16 on the system side system 3 side as a power supply that supplies drive power to the control device 4 at the time of startup.

これにより、パワーコンディショナ１の動作を開始させることができる。たとえパワーコンディショナ１に蓄電池２が接続されていない場合であっても、パワーコンディショナ１を起動させることができる。そして、パワーコンディショナ１の状態（異常など）を把握することできる。   Thereby, operation | movement of the power conditioner 1 can be started. Even if the storage battery 2 is not connected to the power conditioner 1, the power conditioner 1 can be started. And the state (abnormality etc.) of the inverter 1 can be grasped | ascertained.

次に、本実施形態に係るパワーコンディショナ１の動作について図６を用いて説明する。起動時において、パワーコンディショナ１は、第２の制御電源１６が制御装置４に駆動電力を供給している。   Next, operation | movement of the power conditioner 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. At startup, the power conditioner 1 is supplied with driving power from the second control power supply 16 to the control device 4.

まず、第１の計測部４２が電池電圧Ｖ１を計測する（Ｓ１）。そして、第１の決定部４５１が第１の制御電源１５の効率η１を決定する（Ｓ２）。また、第２の計測部４３が（系統電圧Ｖ２を計測する（Ｓ３）。そして、第２の決定部４５２が第２の制御電源１６の効率η２を決定する（Ｓ４）。続いて、取得部４４が予定電力情報を取得する（Ｓ５）。予定電力情報は、充電の場合に予定充電電力を示し、放電の場合に予定放電電力を示す。そして、第３の決定部４５３が電力変換部１４の効率η３を決定する（Ｓ６）。その後、算出部４５４が、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いた場合の使用電力の効率と、当該電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いた場合の使用電力の効率とを算出する（Ｓ７）。そして、選択部４６が、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち、使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する（Ｓ８）。   First, the first measuring unit 42 measures the battery voltage V1 (S1). Then, the first determination unit 451 determines the efficiency η1 of the first control power supply 15 (S2). The second measuring unit 43 (measures the system voltage V2 (S3). Then, the second determining unit 452 determines the efficiency η2 of the second control power supply 16 (S4). 44 acquires the planned power information (S5) The planned power information indicates the planned charge power in the case of charging, indicates the planned discharge power in the case of discharge, and the third determination unit 453 performs the power conversion unit 14 (S6) After that, the calculation unit 454 uses the first control power source 15 as a power source for supplying driving power to the control device 4, and uses the second power as the power source. (S7) Then, the selection unit 46 has the highest power consumption efficiency of the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16. This control power supply provides drive power to the control device 4 It selects as a power supply to supply (S8).

例えば放電時において、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いる場合、蓄電池２から第１の制御電源１５へＢ１／η１の電力が供給される。Ｂ１＝１００Ｗ、η１＝０．９０（９０％）とすると、蓄電池２から第１の制御電源１５への供給電力は１１１Ｗとなる。このとき、差分電力１１Ｗ（１１１Ｗ−１００Ｗ）が損失となる。一方、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第２の制御電源１６を用いる場合、電力変換部１４から第２の制御電源１６へＢ１／η２の電力が供給される。このとき、蓄電池２から電力変換部１４へ（Ｂ１／η２）／η３の電力が供給される。Ｂ１＝１００Ｗ、η２＝０．８５（８５％）、η３＝０．９５（９５％）とすると、蓄電池２から第２の制御電源１６への供給電力は１２３Ｗとなる。このとき、差分電力２３Ｗ（１２３Ｗ−１００Ｗ）が損失となる。したがって、この例では、制御装置４に駆動電力を供給する電源として第１の制御電源１５を用いるほうが好ましい。   For example, when the first control power supply 15 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4 at the time of discharging, B1 / η1 power is supplied from the storage battery 2 to the first control power supply 15. If B1 = 100 W and η1 = 0.90 (90%), the power supplied from the storage battery 2 to the first control power supply 15 is 111 W. At this time, the differential power 11W (111W-100W) is a loss. On the other hand, when the second control power supply 16 is used as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4, B1 / η2 power is supplied from the power converter 14 to the second control power supply 16. At this time, power of (B1 / η2) / η3 is supplied from the storage battery 2 to the power conversion unit 14. If B1 = 100 W, η2 = 0.85 (85%), and η3 = 0.95 (95%), the power supplied from the storage battery 2 to the second control power supply 16 is 123 W. At this time, the difference power 23W (123W-100W) is a loss. Therefore, in this example, it is preferable to use the first control power supply 15 as a power supply for supplying drive power to the control device 4.

以上説明した本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち、使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を選択する。これにより、パワーコンディショナ１では、制御装置４（制御部４１を含む）に駆動電力を供給する制御電源を使用状況に応じて選択することができるので、電力変換の際のパワーコンディショナ１の効率を改善することができる。   The power conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment described above selects the control power source having the higher power use efficiency from the first control power source 15 and the second control power source 16. Thereby, in the power conditioner 1, since the control power supply which supplies drive electric power to the control apparatus 4 (including the control part 41) can be selected according to a use condition, the power conditioner 1 in the case of power conversion Efficiency can be improved.

この際に、本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１では、使用時すなわち充電時または放電時の条件によって、パワーコンディショナ１の効率を改善することができる。その結果、蓄電池２の充電時には電力料金を削減することができ、蓄電池２の放電時には蓄電池２の放電時間を延ばすことができる。   At this time, in the power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment, the efficiency of the power conditioner 1 can be improved depending on the conditions at the time of use, that is, charging or discharging. As a result, the power charge can be reduced when the storage battery 2 is charged, and the discharge time of the storage battery 2 can be extended when the storage battery 2 is discharged.

（実施形態２）
実施形態２に係るパワーコンディショナ１は、起動時に用いられる電力供給手段を備えている点で、実施形態１に係るパワーコンディショナ１（図１参照）と相違する。なお、実施形態１のパワーコンディショナ１と同様の構成要素については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。 (Embodiment 2)
The power conditioner 1 according to the second embodiment is different from the power conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) in that the power conditioner 1 according to the second embodiment includes a power supply unit that is used at startup. In addition, about the component similar to the power conditioner 1 of Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、電力供給手段を備えている。電力供給手段は、蓄電池２および系統側システム３とは別に設けられており、起動時に第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６に電力を供給する。本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１には、図７に示すように、電力供給手段として、内部電池１８が設けられている。なお、図７において、実線は電路を示し、破線は電路以外の信号線などを示す。   The power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment includes a power supply unit. The power supply means is provided separately from the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3 and supplies power to the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16 at the time of startup. As shown in FIG. 7, the power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment is provided with an internal battery 18 as power supply means. In FIG. 7, a solid line indicates an electric circuit, and a broken line indicates a signal line other than the electric circuit.

本実施形態に係るパワーコンディショナ１の動作は、起動時に内部電池１８からの電力供給によって第１の制御電源１５または第２の制御電源１６のいずれかを動作させる点以外において、実施形態１のパワーコンディショナ１の動作と同様である。   The operation of the power conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that either the first control power supply 15 or the second control power supply 16 is operated by power supply from the internal battery 18 at the time of startup. The operation is the same as that of the inverter 1.

以上説明した本実施形態のパワーコンディショナ１は、起動時に蓄電池２および系統側システム３とは別に第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６に電力を供給する電力供給手段として内部電池１８を備える。これにより、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち効率の高いほうを選択する前に、蓄電池２および系統側システム３から電力供給を受けずにパワーコンディショナ１を起動させることができる。例えば、蓄電池２に接続されていないとき、または、電力系統３１が停電であるときでも、パワーコンディショナ１を起動させることができる。   The power conditioner 1 of the present embodiment described above has an internal battery 18 as power supply means for supplying power to the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16 separately from the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3 at startup. Is provided. Thus, before selecting the higher efficiency of the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16, the power conditioner 1 is started without receiving power supply from the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3. Can do. For example, the power conditioner 1 can be started even when not connected to the storage battery 2 or when the power system 31 is out of power.

なお、本実施形態の変形例として、電力供給手段は、内部電池１８に代えて、外部電源（図示せず）を接続するための外部電源入力端子（図示せず）であってもよい。本変形例の場合、パワーコンディショナ１は、起動時に、外部電源入力端子に接続された外部電源からの電力供給によって第１の制御電源１５または第２の制御電源１６のいずれかを動作させる。これにより、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち効率の高いほうを選択する前に、蓄電池２および系統側システム３から電力供給を受けずにパワーコンディショナ１を起動させることができる。   As a modification of the present embodiment, the power supply means may be an external power supply input terminal (not shown) for connecting an external power supply (not shown) instead of the internal battery 18. In the case of this modification, the power conditioner 1 operates either the first control power supply 15 or the second control power supply 16 by power supply from an external power supply connected to the external power supply input terminal at the time of startup. Thus, before selecting the higher efficiency of the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16, the power conditioner 1 is started without receiving power supply from the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3. Can do.

また、本実施形態の変形例として、電力供給手段は、第１の制御電源１５または第２の制御電源１６のいずれか一方に電力を供給するのみであってもよい。本変形例においても、第１の制御電源１５および第２の制御電源１６のうち効率の高いほうを選択する前に、蓄電池２および系統側システム３から電力供給を受けずにパワーコンディショナ１を起動させることができる。   As a modification of the present embodiment, the power supply unit may only supply power to either the first control power supply 15 or the second control power supply 16. Also in this modified example, before selecting the higher one of the first control power supply 15 and the second control power supply 16, the power conditioner 1 is operated without receiving power supply from the storage battery 2 and the system side system 3. Can be activated.

なお、各実施形態では、双方向コンバータとして、蓄電池２と電力系統３１との間に挿入された充放電用のパワーコンディショナ１について説明したが、双方向コンバータは、当該パワーコンディショナ１には限らない。すなわち、双方向コンバータは、パワーコンディショナ１以外のＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器であってもよい。当該ＤＣ／ＡＣ変換器は、第１の電力システム側から第２の電力システム側に対して直流（直流電力、直流電圧、直流電流）を交流（交流電力、交流電圧、交流電流）に変換し、第２の電力システム側から第１の電力システム側に対して交流を直流に変換する。   In each embodiment, the charge / discharge power conditioner 1 inserted between the storage battery 2 and the power system 31 has been described as a bidirectional converter. However, the bidirectional converter includes the power conditioner 1. Not exclusively. That is, the bidirectional converter may be a DC / AC converter other than the power conditioner 1. The DC / AC converter converts direct current (direct current power, direct current voltage, direct current) into alternating current (alternating current power, alternating voltage, alternating current) from the first power system side to the second power system side. The alternating current is converted into direct current from the second power system side to the first power system side.

また、双方向コンバータは、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器であってもよい。当該ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換器は、いずれの方向に対しても直流（直流電力、直流電圧、直流電流）を異なる大きさの直流（直流電力、直流電圧、直流電流）に変換する。   The bidirectional converter may be a DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter converts direct current (direct current power, direct current voltage, direct current) into direct current (direct current power, direct current voltage, direct current) of different magnitudes in any direction.

さらに、双方向コンバータは、ＡＣ／ＡＣ変換器であってもよい。当該ＡＣ／ＡＣ変換器は、例えばサイクロコンバータなどであり、いずれの方向に対しても交流（交流電力、交流電圧、交流電流）を異なる大きさまたは周波数の交流（交流電力、交流電圧、交流電流）に変換する。例えば、交流の入出力を行うプラグインハイブリッド車を電力系統に連系する場合などに用いることができる。   Further, the bidirectional converter may be an AC / AC converter. The AC / AC converter is, for example, a cycloconverter or the like, and alternating current (alternating current power, alternating voltage, alternating current) of alternating current (alternating current power, alternating voltage, alternating current) with a different magnitude or frequency in any direction. ). For example, it can be used when a plug-in hybrid vehicle that inputs and outputs alternating current is connected to an electric power system.

なお、各実施形態において、パワーコンディショナ１に接続される系統側システム３は、太陽光発電設備（太陽電池パネル、パワーコンディショナ）を備えてもよい。この場合、双方向コンバータとしてのパワーコンディショナ１は、当該太陽光発電設備からの出力を直流のままで用いて蓄電池２を充電してもよい。すなわち、太陽光発電設備からの出力を交流に変換することなく、直流のままで蓄電池２を充電してもよい。一方、当該太陽光発電設備からの出力を交流に変換し、当該交流を用いて蓄電池２を充電してもよい。   In each embodiment, system side system 3 connected to power conditioner 1 may be provided with photovoltaic power generation equipment (solar cell panel, power conditioner). In this case, the power conditioner 1 as a bidirectional converter may charge the storage battery 2 using the output from the photovoltaic power generation facility as a direct current. That is, you may charge the storage battery 2 with direct current, without converting the output from photovoltaic power generation equipment into alternating current. On the other hand, the output from the photovoltaic power generation facility may be converted into alternating current, and the storage battery 2 may be charged using the alternating current.

１ パワーコンディショナ（双方向コンバータ）
１４ 電力変換部
１５ 第１の制御電源
１６ 第２の制御電源
１８ 内部電池
２ 蓄電池（第１の電力システム）
３ 系統側システム（第２の電力システム）
４１ 制御部
４２ 第１の計測部
４３ 第２の計測部
４４ 取得部
４５ 演算部
４６ 選択部
Ｖ１ 電池電圧（第１の電圧）
Ｖ２ 系統電圧（第２の電圧） 1 Power conditioner (bidirectional converter)
Reference Signs List 14 power conversion unit 15 first control power supply 16 second control power supply 18 internal battery 2 storage battery (first power system)
3 System side system (second power system)
41 control unit 42 first measurement unit 43 second measurement unit 44 acquisition unit 45 calculation unit 46 selection unit V1 battery voltage (first voltage)
V2 System voltage (second voltage)

Claims (3)

第１の電力システムと第２の電力システムとの間の電路に挿入されて用いられる双方向コンバータであって、
前記第１の電力システムと前記第２の電力システムとの間において双方向で電力を変換する電力変換部と、
前記電力変換部を制御する制御部と、
各々が前記第１の電力システムまたは前記第２の電力システムから電力供給を受けて前記制御部の駆動電力を当該制御部に供給可能に設けられた第１の制御電源および第２の制御電源と、
前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源のうち、使用電力の効率が高いほうの制御電源を、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する選択部と、
前記第１の電力システム側の第１の電圧を計測する第１の計測部と、
前記第２の電力システム側の第２の電圧を計測する第２の計測部と、
前記第１の電力システムと前記第２の電力システムとの間で変換される予定電力を取得する取得部と、
前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧、および、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力の組み合わせにおいて、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として前記第１の制御電源を用いた場合の効率、および、当該電源として前記第２の制御電源を用いた場合の効率を求める演算部とを備え、
前記選択部は、前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源のうち、前記演算部で演算された前記効率が高いほうの制御電源を、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として選択する
ことを特徴とする双方向コンバータ。 A bidirectional converter used by being inserted into an electric circuit between a first electric power system and a second electric power system,
A power converter that converts power bidirectionally between the first power system and the second power system;
A control unit for controlling the power conversion unit;
A first control power source and a second control power source, each of which is supplied with power from the first power system or the second power system and is capable of supplying drive power of the control unit to the control unit; ,
A selection unit that selects a control power source having a higher efficiency of power use of the first control power source and the second control power source as a power source for supplying the driving power to the control unit ;
A first measuring unit for measuring a first voltage on the first power system side;
A second measuring unit for measuring a second voltage on the second power system side;
An acquisition unit that acquires scheduled power to be converted between the first power system and the second power system;
In the combination of the first voltage measured by the first measurement unit, the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit, and the scheduled power acquired by the acquisition unit, the control A calculation unit for obtaining efficiency when the first control power source is used as a power source for supplying the driving power to the unit, and efficiency when the second control power source is used as the power source ,
Of the first control power supply and the second control power supply, the selection section uses the control power having the higher efficiency calculated by the calculation section as a power supply for supplying the control power to the control section. Bidirectional converter, characterized by selection . 前記第１の電力システムおよび前記第２の電力システムとは別に設けられて起動時に前記第１の制御電源および前記第２の制御電源の少なくとも一方に電力を供給する電力供給手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項１記載の双方向コンバータ。And a power supply means provided separately from the first power system and the second power system and supplying power to at least one of the first control power supply and the second control power supply at startup. The bidirectional converter according to claim 1, wherein: 前記第１の電圧と前記第１の制御電源の効率とが対応付けられている第１のテーブルと、前記第２の電圧と前記第２の制御電源の効率とが対応付けられている第２のテーブルと、前記第１の電圧、前記第２の電圧および前記予定電力の組み合わせと前記電力変換部の効率とが対応付けられている第３のテーブルとを記憶する記憶部をさらに備え、A first table in which the first voltage and the efficiency of the first control power supply are associated with each other, and a second table in which the second voltage and the efficiency of the second control power supply are associated with each other. And a storage unit that stores a table in which the combination of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the scheduled power and the efficiency of the power conversion unit are associated with each other,
前記演算部は、The computing unit is
前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第１のテーブルを用いて、前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧に対応する前記第１の制御電源の効率を決定する第１の決定部と、A first determination for determining an efficiency of the first control power source corresponding to the first voltage measured by the first measurement unit using the first table stored in the storage unit. And
前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第２のテーブルを用いて、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧に対応する前記第２の制御電源の効率を決定する第２の決定部と、Second determination for determining the efficiency of the second control power supply corresponding to the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit using the second table stored in the storage unit And
前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第３のテーブルを用いて、前記第１の計測部で計測された前記第１の電圧、前記第２の計測部で計測された前記第２の電圧、および、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力の組み合わせに対応する前記電力変換部の効率を決定する第３の決定部と、Using the third table stored in the storage unit, the first voltage measured by the first measurement unit, the second voltage measured by the second measurement unit, and A third determination unit that determines the efficiency of the power conversion unit corresponding to the combination of the scheduled power acquired by the acquisition unit;
前記第１の決定部で決定された前記第１の制御電源の効率、前記第２の決定部で決定された前記第２の制御電源の効率、前記第３の決定部で決定された前記電力変換部の効率、前記取得部で取得された前記予定電力、および、前記駆動電力を用いて、前記制御部に前記駆動電力を供給する電源として前記第１の制御電源を用いた場合の効率と、当該電源として前記第２の制御電源を用いた場合の効率とを算出する算出部とを含むThe efficiency of the first control power source determined by the first determination unit, the efficiency of the second control power source determined by the second determination unit, and the power determined by the third determination unit The efficiency of the conversion unit, the planned power acquired by the acquisition unit, and the efficiency when the first control power source is used as a power source for supplying the driving power to the control unit using the driving power And a calculation unit for calculating the efficiency when the second control power source is used as the power source.
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の双方向コンバータ。The bidirectional converter according to claim 1.
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