JP5926038B2 - Wave power generation [compound type] - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to pollution-free power generation.

The ocean is complex with elements such as tidal currents, waves, and tidal fluctuations.
In addition, natural disasters such as typhoons and tsunamis have been hit.
Sea level rise due to global warming is also expected.
However, now that the distrust of nuclear power generation is increasing due to the Great East Japan Earthquake, the possibility of large-scale power generation is left only to wave power.

In wave power generation, power generation efficiency is determined by wave height.
Furthermore, since it is set up in the open sea, it must be able to cope with typhoons, tsunamis, tidal currents, tidal currents, and wave directions.
Consideration is also required for sea level rise due to global warming.

Means to solve the problem

If you float a multi-body float and connect with an inker (concrete weight), the float will flow on the combined force of tidal current and wave power.
Because it is a double-hull type, the waves and tides that flow through the channel flow regularly in a certain direction. (See “Figure 1”)
It uses that wave power to generate electricity.
A tidal current generator is installed at the end of the float, and the direction is further steered by the load.
Because it is a float, it is not affected by tidal fluctuations and can cope with sea level rise due to global warming.
During a typhoon, she evacuates to the port, and during an tsunami, she uses an outboard to survive the tsunami. "See Figure 6"
But there is a problem. The length of the waterway becomes longer and the wave force may be attenuated behind the waterway.
Furthermore, moving around affects the power transmission.
Therefore, a sub-plan was prepared.

Float the float at right angles to the wave and fix it with several inkers. (See “Figure 2”)
Although the waterway is shortened, a plurality of waterways can be constructed.
In the event of a typhoon or tsunami, the seawater is poured into the float to reduce the height and reduce the impact of the waves.

よって波高２．０ｍの周期は１０．１３秒／１波となる。
この波高は９月〜翌年６月の有義波高である。
有義波高：水深５０ｍの場所に於いて波の高い降順に１／３の波高の平均値をいう。
▲２▼水深によって波高が異なる。
気象庁の発表する波の高さとは、有義波高と呼ばれるものである。
当案は、計画波高を高める目的と、管理上から水深を５ｍの場所で実施する、と仮定し検討を行う。

よって水深５．０ｍでは
波高は３．６／２．７＝１．３３倍となる。−−−＞この時、周期に変化無し。
波長は８．２ｍであるから、浮体の長さは８．２ｍ／２以下とする。−−−＞３．０ｍで検討。
計画波高について
９月〜翌年６月までの有義波高を２．０ｍ（少し控えめ）と仮定する。−−−７，８月は波高、低い。

発電の比較

２案の検討（「図１」、「図２」）
検討条件
静岡市のメガフロート（Ｈ＝２．０ｍ）−−−１０万円／ｍ^２
波高２．０ｍ×１．３３＝２．６６で検討するため、安全を取ってＨ＝５．０ｍとする。−−−＞２５万円／ｍ^２
発電機１基１６０万円，フロート１５０万円とする。（概算な為、未調査）
フロートの大きさ： 巾３５ｍ、延長１００ｍとする。
水路巾： 巾１２．０ｍとする。（１列に浮体３基可能となる。）
浮体の検討
延長： Ｌ＝３．０ｍ（前頁参照）
巾： 回転軸で浮体との、ねじれを考慮して Ｂ＝３．０ｍ（余り大きく出来ない）
高さ： 浮体の回転を考慮すると 面取りしても Ｈ＝３．０ｍ
比重： 波は昇降するので、同じエネルギーを期待し、０．５とする。
「図１」案
水路： １列
浮体 ２５段×３基＝７５基設置可能

１基当たり位置エネルギーは、２．６６ｍの波高では（１周期では移動量は倍となる）
Ｅ＝３．０ｍ^３×２．６６ｍ×２倍×０．５（比重）＝７１．８２ｔ・ｍ／１基
７５基では５３８６．５ｔ・ｍ

電気料に換算するとＥ＝９．８×１９１４２５６／３６００秒≒５２１１．０ＫＷ／Ｈ
１軒の１時間当たりの電気使用量は３ＫＷ／Ｈ（東京電力調べ）であるから （時間当たりの検討）
１７３７軒分の電気が賄える事になる。
考えられるエネルギー損失を２割として換算しても１３９０軒分の電気を賄える。

建設費１１億円であるから、１１．０億／０．９７億＝１１．３年で焼却出来る。
「図２」案
浮体 ８１基設置可能
１列３５ｍ：（９段）では浮体は３基×９段×３列＝８１基

１基当たり位置エネルギーは、２．６６ｍの波高では、
Ｅ＝３．０ｍ^３×２．６６ｍ×２倍×０．５（比重）＝７１．８２ｔ・ｍ／１基
８１基では５８１７．４ｔ・ｍ
１時間では３６００秒となる訳だから３６００／１０．１３×５８１７．４ｔ・ｍ
＝２，０６７，３８８ｔ・ｍ
電気料に換算するとＥ＝９．８×２０６７３８８ｔ・ｍ／３６００秒≒５６２７．９ＫＷ／Ｈ
１軒の１時間当たりの電気使用量は３ＫＷ／Ｈ（東京電力調べ）であるから
１８７６軒分の電気が賄える事になる。
考えられるエネルギー損失を２割として換算しても１５０１軒分の電気を賄える。
一般家庭の電気料金は６９８７円であるから１５０１軒×６９８７円×１０月
＝１０４，８７４，８７０円／年≒１．０５億円
建設費１１、２億円であるから、１１．２億／１．４５億＝１０．７年で焼却出来る。
よって波力発電（複胴式）の原価償却期間は、２案の平均を摂って１１年とする。

その他の発電

建設費 ２００〜２５０万円
実体 一般家庭の３，４割程度の供給で残りは電力会社から買っているのが現状である。
（売電も含めて）（シャープ談）
寸評 一般家庭の電気料金は約６９８７円であるからソーラーで浮かせる金額は
６９８７円×０．３５（３〜４割）×１２ヶ月＝２９３４５円
原価償却期間は２２５万円／２，９３４５万円＝７６年となる。

建設費 一般的な風力発電の建設コストは３億円（三菱重工談）
実体： １基で１０００ｋｗ／Ｈ位と聞いている。
１軒の１時間当たりの電気使用量は３ＫＷ／Ｈであるから３３３軒分の電気料を賄える。

実際には７〜８ｍの風速が一般的であるとのこと。
運動エネルギーは１／２ｍｖ^２であるから速度の二乗に比例する。
７．０^２／１２．５^２＝０．３１（約３割）
よって１０３軒分の電気が賄えることになる。
１０３軒×６９８７円／月×１２月＝８，６３５，９３２円／年
原価償却期間は３億円／８，６３５，９３２万円＝３５年となる。
実際には風の吹かない日も多々あるため、原価償却期間は２倍の７０年とする。
水力発電
水没する土地の買収などで経費がかさむ為２０年償却はクリーンなエネルギーなこともあって考慮していないとのこと。
火力発電
地球温暖化、及びオゾン層破壊の元凶である。
地熱発電
地球内部に籠った熱を大気中に放出し、更には地球内部が収縮のため空洞化現象何を考えているのか？−−−論外である。
原子力発電
住民の賛同は、もう得られないし、 核融合によって熱を放出する。
広島、長崎で核の洗礼を受けた日本で、またしても福島で−−−論外！

メンテナンス
油差し
既出願の「定水位給水器」を提案する。
粘性の強い油では疑問が残る。（更に受け皿の問題）
参考文献
（出願番号「特願 ２００７−１４６１４９」）
想定外
海上の施設である。よって土嚢には頼れない。
そこで「重力式水嚢」を提案する。（海水は捨てるほどある。）
水を持って、水を制すシステムです。
参考文献
（出願番号「特願 ２００７−１４４１３０」）Wave structure Wave height (1) Wave height varies depending on the period.
Consider using the "3/2 power law" that expresses the relationship between wave height and period.
H ^* : B × T ^* (3/2) squared -----> T ^* = (H / B) ^2/3
H ^* : dimensionless wave height
B: Constant (0.062)
T ^* : dimensionless cycle
When this equation is solved, it becomes as follows.

Therefore, the period of the wave height of 2.0 m is 10.13 seconds / 1 wave.
This wave height is a significant wave height from September to June of the following year.
Significant wave height: Mean value of 1/3 wave height in descending order of wave height at a water depth of 50m.
(2) Wave height varies depending on water depth.
The wave height announced by the Japan Meteorological Agency is called the significant wave height.
This plan will be examined on the assumption that the planned wave height will be increased and that the water depth will be 5m from the viewpoint of management.

Therefore, at a water depth of 5.0 m, the wave height is 3.6 / 2.7 = 1.33 times. ----> At this time, there is no change in the cycle.
Since the wavelength is 8.2 m, the length of the floating body is set to 8.2 m / 2 or less. ----> Considered at 3.0m.
About the planned wave height The assumed wave height from September to June of the following year is assumed to be 2.0 m (a bit conservative). --- In July and August, the wave height is low.

Comparison of power generation

Examination of two plans ("Fig. 1", "Fig. 2")
Examination conditions Mega float in Shizuoka City (H = 2.0m) --- 100,000 yen / m ²
In order to consider a wave height of 2.0 m × 1.33 = 2.66, H = 5.0 m is taken for safety. ---> 250,000 yen / m ²
One generator is 1.6 million yen and the float is 1.5 million yen. (Because it is an estimate, it has not been investigated yet)
Float size: width 35 m, extension 100 m.
Channel width: The width is 12.0 m. (Three floating bodies can be arranged in one row.)
Examination of floating body
Extension: L = 3.0m (see previous page)
Width: B = 3.0m (cannot be too large) in consideration of torsion with the floating body on the rotating shaft
Height: H = 3.0m even if chamfered considering the rotation of the floating body
Specific gravity: Since waves move up and down, the same energy is expected and 0.5.
"Figure 1" plan Waterway: 1 row Floating body 25 stages x 3 units = 75 units can be installed

The potential energy per unit is 2.66m wave height (the movement amount is doubled in one cycle)
E = 3.0 m ³ × 2.66 m × 2 times × 0.5 (specific gravity) = 71.82 t · m / 1 group 5356.5 t · m for 75 units

E = 9.8 x 191256/3600 seconds ≒ 5211.0 kW / H in terms of electricity charges
Because the electricity consumption per hour per house is 3KW / H (according to TEPCO) (examination per hour)
1737 houses of electricity can be covered.
Even if you convert the possible energy loss to 20%, you can cover 1390 electricity.

Since the construction cost is 1.1 billion yen, it can be incinerated in 1.13 billion / 0.97 billion = 11.3 years.
"Fig.2" plan Floating body 81 units can be installed 1 row 35m: (9 steps) Floating body is 3 units x 9 steps x 3 rows = 81 units

The potential energy per unit is 2.66 m.
E = 3.0 m ³ × 2.66 m × 2 times × 0.5 (specific gravity) = 71.82 t · m / 1 group 8181 for 5817.4 t · m
3600 / 10.13 × 5817.4t · m because 1 hour is 3600 seconds
= 2,067,388 t · m
E = 9.8 x 2067388 t · m / 3600 seconds ≒ 5627.9 KW / H in terms of electricity charges
Since the amount of electricity used per hour is 3 kW / H (according to TEPCO), 1876 houses can be covered.
Even if you convert the possible energy loss to 20%, you can cover the electricity for 1501 houses.
Electricity charges for ordinary households are 6987 yen, 1501 houses x 6987 yen x October = 104,874,870 yen / year ≒ 1.05 billion yen Construction costs are 111.2 billion yen, 1.12 billion / It can be incinerated in 144.5 billion = 10.7 years.
Therefore, the depreciation period for wave power generation (compound type) is 11 years, taking the average of the two plans.

Other power generation

Construction cost 2 million to 2.5 million yen Reality The current situation is that about 40 to 40% of ordinary households are supplied and the rest is purchased from electric power companies.
(Including electricity sales) (Sharp talk)
Approximate price of electricity for a general household is about 6987 yen.
6987 yen x 0.35 (30-40%) x 12 months = 29345 yen
The cost amortization period is 2.25 million yen / 29.345 million yen = 76 years.

Construction cost General wind power construction cost is 300 million yen (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries talks)
Entity: I heard that one unit is about 1000 kW / H.
The electricity usage per hour per house is 3KW / H, so the electricity charge for 333 houses can be covered.

Actually, wind speed of 7-8m is common.
Since the kinetic energy is 1/2 mv ^2, it is proportional to the square of the velocity.
7.0 ² /12.5 ² = 0.31 (about 30%)
Therefore, 103 houses can be supplied with electricity.
103 houses x 6987 yen / month x December = 8,635,932 yen / year
The depreciation period is 300 million yen / 8,635,932,000 yen = 35 years.
Actually, there are many days when the wind does not blow, so the cost amortization period is doubled to 70 years.
Hydroelectric power generation Because the cost of the acquisition of submerged land is high, 20-year depreciation is not considered because it is clean energy.
Thermal power generation Causes global warming and ozone layer destruction.
Geothermal power generation What is the cavitation phenomenon because the heat inside the earth is released into the atmosphere and the earth's interior contracts? --- Out of the question.
Nuclear power The public's support is no longer available and heat is released by nuclear fusion.
In Japan, which received nuclear baptism in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, again in Fukushima --- out of the question!

Maintenance Oil filler Proposes a "constant water level water supply" already filed.
The question remains with viscous oils. (Further problem of saucer)
References (Application No. “Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-146149”)
Unexpected facility at sea. Therefore, you cannot rely on sandbags.
Therefore, we propose a “gravity water sacs”. (There is so much to throw away seawater.)
A system that holds water and controls water.
References (Application number “Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-144130”)

Effect of the invention

Compared to other power generation methods, the power generation method has a shorter cost amortization period.
Furthermore, we believe that if electricity is supplied to the “Global Environment Improvement System” during times when power consumption is low (see the figure below), global warming, ozone depletion, and ocean acidification problems can be easily solved.

※１：設置場所は、既に廃止の検討をしている原子力発電所敷地の沖合いが望ましい。
ａ）広大な敷地があり、その敷地は海に面している。
「地球環境改良システム」の実施には、海に近い場所を必要とする。
ｂ）送電施設を持っている。−−−＞送電の設備投資が不要である。
ｃ）セキュリティも万全。
ｄ）インフラ整備の充実。
日本海の特徴は、冬には波が荒すぎ、夏は鏡の様に穏やかな為、適さない。

（機器の破損等を考慮した。）

* 1: The installation location is preferably offshore from the site of a nuclear power plant that has already been considered for decommissioning.
a) There is a vast site that faces the sea.
The implementation of the “Global Environment Improvement System” requires a place close to the sea.
b) Has a power transmission facility. ---- No capital investment for transmission is required.
c) Complete security.
d) Enhancement of infrastructure development.
The feature of the Sea of Japan is that it is not suitable because the waves are too rough in winter and it is calm like a mirror in summer.

(Considering equipment damage)

Plan view (normal) Plan (normal) sub-plan Floating bird eye view Floating body movement diagram Detailed diagram of transmission gear to generator Plan (at tsunami)

1. 1. Wave force 2. Tidal current Resulting force 4. Drain port 5. Floating body 6. Waterway 7. Tidal current power generation location (Direction control depends on load)
8). Outboard motor (for power during tsunami)
9. Inker 10. Float 11. Rotation sensing lever 12. 12. Rotate about axis Rotating shaft 14. 15. A member that moves along the guide Transmission gear to generator 16. 18. Arc with the rotation axis as the core Chamfer (rotation countermeasure)
18. Generator gear (linked)
19. Plan wave height20. Raised wave height 21. Down wave height 22. The direction of rotation is reversed by the vertical movement of the wave.
23. Move gear coupling 24. Contact the floating gear with its own weight25. Connected to 26 extruded body gear 27. Rotating shaft of connecting gear 28. Generator connection gear 29. Rotation sensing lever 30. Direction of rotation of floating body 31. Earthquake epicenter 32. Anchor insertion33. tsunami

Claims (1)

In a wave power generation system including a large float 10 and a floating body 5 which is a small float and having a float structure as a whole, the water channel 6 is obtained by dividing the float 10, and the floating body 5 is installed in the water channel 6. A transmission mechanism that swings the floating body 5 up and down by a vertical motion of a wave passing through 6, rotates the floating body 5 in a fixed direction using a lever and a gear, and connects the rotation to a generator; Wave power generation system.

Images