JP5919610B2 - bed - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bed, and more particularly, to a care bed provided with a turning assist mechanism.

  In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of people requiring care such as physically disabled persons and elderly people who have fallen asleep in bed. Caregivers such as caregivers, nurses, and families (hereinafter simply referred to as “caregivers”) It depends on.) The burden on the caregiver's labor is enormous, and various care beds have been proposed in order to reduce the labor burden on the caregiver.

  Various types of beds for nursing care have been proposed that include a support mechanism for turning the caregiver to change the body orientation of the care recipient in order to prevent pressure ulcers of the care recipient or to clean and wipe the body. Has been.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-92158 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-304209, a plurality of human body support members are provided in the mattress at intervals, and the plurality of human body support members are alternately separated. There is described a nursing bed which is coupled by a coupling member, and each of the coupling members is provided with an elevating means and a horizontal moving means, and each human body support member can be moved alternately in an arbitrary direction.

  Also, in Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2000-506762, the bed bottom at the lower side in the longitudinal direction is bent to form a lateral contact area, the bed bottom is essentially horizontal and the two sides rotate. An example of a care bed device configured to be moved between positions is provided.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-92158 JP-A-6-304209 JP 2000-506762 A

  These conventional care beds basically assist the rotation around the body axis, and at that time, the burden on the caregiver is reduced. However, if the body of the person requiring care is simply rotated on the bed, the body of the person requiring care will be in an unreasonable posture and an extra burden will be placed on the neck and waist. There is a problem that one side gets on the other and the blood flow is blocked, and the physical burden on the care recipient increases. In addition, since the conventional nursing bed has a large occupation area and is difficult to move in the home, it takes a lot of labor to carry the care recipient for bathing or going out.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. When assisting a change in posture of a care recipient, such as turning over, caregiver's effort, caregiver with less physical burden on the care recipient The purpose is to provide a bed. It is another object of the present invention to provide a bed that can be made compact in a home. However, these beds are useful not only for nursing care but also as beds for healthy people who realize comfortable sleep.

  In order to achieve the above object, as a result of intensive studies, the present invention has found that the relative relationship between the postures of the upper body and the lower body should be considered when changing the posture such as turning over. Specifically, instead of simply rolling the entire body of the person requiring care to one side, turning the upper body to some extent when the upper body is rotated is rather burdensome for the person requiring care. It is found that the movement of the center of gravity of the leg is important for proper rotation of the leg, and that natural flexion of the knee joint and hip joint is important for the movement of the center of gravity of the leg, and is suitable for these body movements The present inventors have come up with a bed configuration and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a bed having the following configuration.
[1] An upper body receiving portion that supports the upper body of the human body so as to be rotatable substantially parallel to the body axis, and a leg receiving portion that supports the left and right leg portions of the human body. A bed characterized by being able to move independently.
[2] The upper body receiving part is divided into two or more parts parallel to the longitudinal direction, and is connected through each dividing axis or constitutes a continuous surface, and is parallel to the longitudinal direction around each dividing axis. In a state where two or more portions are not refracted, a human body lying on the upper side is supported at the first position, and in a state where two or more portions parallel to the longitudinal direction are refracted around each split axis. The upper body of the human body lying on it can be rotated by supporting the human body lying on it in a second position and deforming it from the first position to the second position. bed.
[3] The bed according to claim 2, wherein the upper body receiving portion is divided in parallel to the longitudinal direction into at least one horizontal fixing surface and three or more portions which can be tilted on the left and right.
[4] The leg receiving portion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the leg receiving portions has at least one joint portion corresponding to a joint of a leg portion of a human body, and each of the joint portions is configured to be bendable. bed.
[5] The bed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the human body is turned over by deforming the leg support portion following the rotation of the upper body by the upper body support portion while the human body is lying down.
[6] The bed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a net-like or cushion-like member on the bed for indirectly transmitting the deformation of the constituent parts of the bed to the human body.
[7] The angle of the upper body receiving portion with respect to the horizontal plane is changeable, and the length of the bed when the upper body receiving portion is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane is shorter than the length of the bed in the non-inclined state. The variable width / variable length bed according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the width of the bed when the portion is placed in the refraction state around the one or more split axes is smaller than the width of the bed in the non-refractive state .

  According to the present invention, a caregiver can easily assist the care recipient in turning over, and in this case, a care bed with less physical burden can be provided to the care recipient as well as the caregiver's labor. It also realizes a compact design that can be moved in the home.

It is a schematic diagram of the upper body receiving part of the mode of the bed concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of the upper half body receiving part of another aspect of the bed which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view of the bed concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The bed of the present invention includes an upper body receiving portion that supports the upper body of the human body so as to be rotatable substantially parallel to the body axis, and a leg receiving portion that supports the left and right legs of the human body, and the left and right legs. The receiving part is provided so that each can move independently.
Here, “supporting the upper body of the human body so as to be rotatable substantially parallel to the body axis” means that the human body is placed on the bed and the upper body is moved from one position (for example, on its back) to another position (for example, left or right). It means that it is supported continuously or stepwise while rotating around the body axis until the body side of the body is turned down. However, in the case of rotating the body, it is actually difficult to rotate the body completely around the body axis, and it is only necessary that the body can be rotated and supported in such a manner that a so-called “turning over” can be made. Note that the split shaft does not have to have a shaft support means there. Specifically, the intersecting axes of two intersecting planes are also included as in the mode of FIG. 2D described later.

  The present invention includes all methods that can achieve the above object. However, as a preferred embodiment, the upper body receiving portion is divided into two or more portions parallel to the longitudinal direction, and each division shaft is used. Are connected to each other, and can be supported continuously or stepwise around each split axis. In this case, each part is obtained by fixing an appropriate support member (a cushion such as an air mat described later) to a plate-like member or a frame-like member. As the split shaft, a shaft structure commonly used in the art (for example, a shaft structure used for a reclining chair or the like) is used. As an example, a hook-like or comb-like structure is provided at regular intervals. These hook-like structures engage with hook-like structures in adjacent portions on a rod-like member serving as a central axis, and form a hinge structure so that the position can be maintained when the shaft rotates. In the case of a comb-like member, it engages with a comb-like structure in an adjacent portion and rotates around the engaging portion as an axis. For example, a gear-like protrusion may be provided on a rod-like member that constitutes the split shaft, and a latching means may be provided on the bowl-like structure. However, these rotation support structures are examples, and can be arbitrarily used as long as they have equivalent functions.

These are schematically shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1A shows a plan view of the simplest structure of the upper body receiving portion 10 of the present invention. The upper body receiving portion 10 includes left and right receiving portions 1 and 2 and a split shaft 3.
1B to 1D are elevation views. In a state where the two portions are continuous and horizontal, a flat surface is formed as a whole (first state: FIG. 1B). Here, if one part is kept horizontal and the other is rotated around the split axis, the upper body receiving part is bent as a whole (second state: FIG. 1C). In this first state, the human body is laid down and supported on the bed, and the upper body of the human body lying on the bed is rotated by transforming from the first state to the second state. In this case, when forming the bent state, typically, the other part is rotated around the dividing axis while keeping one part horizontal as described above (hereinafter referred to as the first mode), but at the same time, the dividing axis is formed. The upper body receiving portion may be bent into an asymmetric V shape (FIG. 1D, hereinafter referred to as a second mode). In the structure of the 2nd aspect, since a human body is grasped | ascertained inside a V shape, a human body can be rotated more stably.

Alternatively, the upper body receiving portion may be divided into at least one horizontal fixing surface and three or more portions that can be tilted on the left and right sides thereof in parallel to the longitudinal direction (hereinafter referred to as a third mode). In the case of the aforementioned two divisions, the human body can be stably rotated in the second aspect, but the human body is supported by the inclined surface. FIG. 2A shows a plan view of a mode in which connecting portions 14 and 15 are provided in three portions of one horizontal fixing surface 13 and tiltable surfaces 11 and 12 on the left and right sides thereof. 2B to 2C are elevation views of one form corresponding to this aspect, and in this case, the connecting portions 14 and 15 correspond to the divided axes as they are. On the other hand, FIG. 2D is an elevational view of another form. In this case, the axis 16 where the surfaces 11 and 12 intersect apart from the connecting portions 14 and 15 corresponds to the split axis. In the latter form, for example, the horizontal fixing surface 13 is formed by a double frame body having different sizes, and the surfaces 11 and 12 are each formed by a U-shaped frame body. The end portion) can be configured to be connected between the two frames of the horizontal fixing surface 13, but the configuration is arbitrary.
In the third aspect, the human body can be supported by a combination of a horizontal surface and an inclined surface. Also, unexpectedly, it has been found that in this aspect, the human body can be rotated with less effort. Moreover, in these aspects, since the width of the bed can be reduced to the width of the horizontal fixed surface 13, it is possible to move in a narrow room. Moreover, in any aspect, the bed of the present invention has a chair-like shape by raising the upper body receiving portion almost vertically, and can be moved like a wheelchair by providing wheels or the like on the bed.

  Here, the driving for rotating the human body can be performed manually, but a conventional driving means may be used. Examples of such conventional means include driving by mechanical means such as hydraulic pressure, water pressure, air pressure, and a stepping motor.

  The bed according to the present invention includes leg support portions that respectively support left and right leg portions of a human body, and is provided so that the left and right leg support portions can move independently. As a result of adopting such a configuration, for example, when the upper body of the human body rolls over to the left, the center of gravity of the lower right body can be controlled as appropriate, for example, by shifting the center of gravity of the lower right body from the center of gravity of the upper right body Causes a pulling force from the lower body, so that the entire weight of the upper right body is not overstressed by the upper left body.

Further, the leg receiving part has at least one joint part corresponding to the joint of the leg part of the human body, and is configured to be bendable at the joint part. Specifically, it is preferable to provide joint portions at positions corresponding to the femoral joint and the knee joint. As a result, when the human body rotates, the legs can be naturally bent so that the so-called “turning over” can be made naturally.
The constituent members of the leg receiving portion may be the same as the constituent members of the upper body receiving portion.

  As described above, each component of the bed can be configured with a cushion-like member such as a mat. The mat member is formed by wrapping a fluid such as air or water, a foamable resin such as flexible urethane foam, beads, fine tubes, fiber lump, etc., without interfering with the movement of each part constituting the nursing bed 1. In addition, an appropriate cushioning property is imparted between the care recipient and the bed body. Cushioning can be achieved to some extent by laying a futon or mat between the human body and the bed body without providing such mat members in each part of the bed, but the movement of each part is independent in the bed of the present invention. There is a big feature, and if a futon or mat is interposed, sufficient functions cannot be exhibited in many cases. For this reason, it is desirable to fix the mat member to each part. Any conventional method may be used for fixing, but clip means for sandwiching and fixing the edge of the mat member may be provided at the edge of each part constituting the bed so that it can be removed for hygiene purposes. preferable.

  Further, a net-like member can be provided on the bed instead of or together with the cushion-like member, and the deformation of the bed body can be indirectly transmitted to the human body.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the angle of the upper body receiving portion with respect to the horizontal plane is configured to be changeable, and the length of the bed when the upper body receiving portion is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane is greater than the length of the bed in the non-inclined state. There is provided a variable-width / variable-length bed that is short and has a width of the bed when the upper body receiving portion is placed in the bent state around the one or more split axes smaller than the width of the bed in the non-refracted state. Thereby, it can be made into a wheelchair-like shape by using it as a bed, raising the upper body receiving portion almost vertically, and placing it in the refraction state around the dividing axis. For this reason, by further providing a wheel or the like at the lower part of the bed, it is possible to move the patient or the hospital as it is, and to transport the patient or the care recipient as it is.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a bed according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bed 1 includes an upper body receiving portion 10 that supports the upper body of a human body and leg receiving portions 20 and 30 that respectively support left and right leg portions. And is configured. The upper body receiving part 10 is divided into three parts: a center receiving part 13, an upper right half body receiving part 12, and an upper left half body receiving part 11. The center receiving part and the upper right body receiving part are divided into right parts substantially parallel to the body axis. The central receiving part and the upper left half receiving part are connected via a left split shaft 19 which is substantially parallel to the body axis.

  The center receiving portion 13, the upper right half body receiving portion 12, and the upper left half body receiving portion 11 are shown as frames in the figure, but are preferably plate-like members (or air mat structure members described later) having sufficient strength and thickness. is there.

  The right split shaft 18 and the left split shaft 19 are illustrated as straight lines parallel to the body axis (the longitudinal axis of the bed), respectively, but may have a certain inclination with respect to the body axis as necessary. Moreover, although the center receiving part 13, the upper right half body receiving part 12, and the upper left half body receiving part 11 are represented as a single member in FIG. 1, each may be divided into a plurality of sections. For example, the central receiving portion 13 is divided into one or more sections orthogonal to the body axis, and each of them is provided with the same division axis as described above so that the inclination of the upper body part can be changed manually or by mechanical drive. The upper right body receiving part 12 and the upper left body receiving part 11 may be provided with a similar division structure so that the inclination of the upper body receiving part as a whole can be changed, or the upper right body receiving part 12 and the upper left body receiving part 11. May be divided into one or more sections parallel to the body axis so that fine control can be performed when the upper body of the human body is rolled over.

  Alternatively, at least the upper right body receiving portion 12 and the upper left half body receiving portion 11 among the center receiving portion 13, the upper right half body receiving portion 12, and the upper left half body receiving portion 11 may be air mat structural members. In this specification, the air mat refers to a member that can be expanded and contracted by changing the air pressure to the inside. In the case of an air mat structure, the split shaft may be a mat partition instead of the mechanical member as described above. In this case, the expansion coefficient or the like of the air mat may be any as long as it provides the same effect as rotating the plate-like member by changing the height of the air mat on the left and right or front and rear sides. Further, as described with reference to the plate-like member, each of the center receiving portion 13, the upper right half body receiving portion 12, and the upper left half body receiving portion 11 may be further divided. For example, the air mat is formed into an elongated air cell that is horizontal to the body axis. A cell type air mat lined up.

  In the present invention, by adopting the above structure, it is possible to appropriately roll over the upper body when the human body is placed on the bed 1. In this case, however, unlike the conventional care bed, the lower body is not rolled over at the same time, so that the weight of the entire body is not applied to one side of the body.

  For this purpose, the connecting shafts 22 and 32 are provided between the leg receiving portions and the upper body receiving portion 10, respectively, and the left and right leg receiving portions 20 and 30 are configured to be rotatable about these connecting shafts. . The structure of the connecting shaft is the same as that described above as the structure of the split shaft.

  In the present invention, each of the left and right leg receiving portions 20 and 30 has at least one joint portion, and can rotate at the joint portions (shown as 24 and 34 in FIG. 1). It is preferable to configure. The joint portion may have a joint-like structure that can receive a rod-shaped member made of a combination of a head and a neck as used in an artificial joint and the head.

  In particular, as described above, when the upper half of the human body, for example, the upper right half is rolled over to the left side, the right leg and / or the left knee joint can be bent. In general, when a healthy person rolls over, the body does not simply roll over, but the knee joint of one of the legs is in a bent state. This prevents the entire body from overturning and excessively pressing one of the body sides. In the present invention, such a function can be exhibited while supporting the weight of the lower body.

  The outline of the configuration has been described based on one embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention can be applied in various ways. For example, the care recipient can be applied to an elderly person or a handicapped person, when it is not desirable to overload the fractured part of the body due to a fracture, or when it is difficult to turn over because of excessive weight. In the above description, the left and right leg receiving portions are directly connected to the upper body receiving portion. However, a buttocks receiving portion may be provided between them, and an excretion assisting mechanism may be provided to the buttocks receiving portion. The bed may be provided with a protective means such as a bed rail.

Claims (6)

An upper body receiving part that supports the upper body of the human body so as to be rotatable substantially parallel to the body axis; and a leg receiving part that supports the left and right leg parts of the human body. A bed having joint portions corresponding to a hip joint and a knee joint of a leg portion, each of the joint portions being configured to be bendable and capable of moving independently. The upper body receiving part is divided into two or more parts parallel to the longitudinal direction, and is connected or connected through each dividing axis, and forms two or more parts parallel to the longitudinal direction around each dividing axis. In a state in which the portion of the body is not refracted, a human body lying on it is supported at the first position, and in a state in which two or more portions parallel to the longitudinal direction are refracted around each split axis, The bed according to claim 1, wherein the upper body of the human body lying on the bed can be rotated by supporting the human body lying on the floor in the second position and deforming from the first position to the second position. The bed according to claim 2, wherein the upper body receiving portion is divided into at least one horizontal fixing surface and three or more portions that can be tilted on the left and right sides in parallel to the longitudinal direction. The bed according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the human body is turned over by deforming the leg receiving portion following the rotation of the upper body by the upper body receiving portion in a state where the human body is lying down. The bed according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising a net-like or cushion-like member on the bed for indirectly transmitting the deformation of the component part of the bed to the human body. The angle of the upper body receiving portion with respect to the horizontal plane is configured to be changeable, and the length of the bed when the upper body receiving portion is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane is shorter than the length of the bed in the non-inclined state, and the upper body receiving portion is The variable width / variable length bed according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein the width of the bed when placed in the refraction state around one or more split axes is smaller than the width of the bed in the non-refraction state.