JP5915806B2 - Secondary battery and battery pack, electronic device, electric vehicle, power storage device and power system - Google Patents

Description

  The present technology relates to a secondary battery that maintains battery characteristics and suppresses electrode breakage. The present technology also relates to a battery pack, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and a power system using the secondary battery.

  In recent years, with the widespread use of portable information electronic devices such as mobile phones, video cameras, and notebook personal computers, these devices have been improved in performance, size, and weight. Disposable primary batteries and reusable secondary batteries are used as the power source for these devices. However, because of the good balance of high performance, miniaturization, weight reduction, economy, etc. There is an increasing demand for batteries, particularly lithium ion secondary batteries. In addition, these devices have been further improved in performance and size, and a high energy density is also required for lithium ion secondary batteries.

  The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material used for the lithium ion secondary battery are being developed from the viewpoint of increasing the capacity while maintaining relatively good cycle characteristics. However, materials that can stably maintain the reversibility of insertion and extraction of lithium are limited, and high capacity means must be selected to increase the amount of active material filled in a certain volume. It is in a situation. By increasing the filling amount of the active material, the amount of expansion of the wound electrode body during charging also increases. As a result, the stress applied to the battery can increases, the separator is locally stretched by steps such as electrode ends and leads arranged inside the wound electrode body, and the interelectrode distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is increased. Narrow. And there exists a problem which a metal precipitates in this narrow site | part and causes an internal short circuit.

  From the viewpoint of increasing capacity, electrode collectors and separators that do not contribute to charge / discharge reactions are designed to be thinner in order to maximize the amount of active material filled in a certain volume. Yes. Similar to the separator, the electrode current collector may be locally stretched when the battery is charged and may break. In this case, not only cannot the conduction inside the battery be secured, but also the broken electrode current collector cut surface may penetrate the separator and cause an internal short circuit, which may lead to a dangerous state such as ignition or rupture. .

  In order to deal with such a problem, for example, in Patent Document 1 below, an attempt is made to disperse stress by appropriately arranging step positions such as electrode ends and electrode leads existing in the thickness direction of the separator. .

  On the other hand, for the purpose of higher capacity and higher volumetric efficiency, as shown in Patent Document 2 below, the separator is made of a thin layer and is made of an inorganic substance and a resin on the separator surface in order to improve oxidation resistance. Attempts have been made to form a heat-resistant layer. In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 3 below, a lithium alloy active material has been studied as a high-capacity negative electrode that exceeds the carbon-based material, and a material composition that suppresses the amount of expansion and contraction at the time of occlusion and release of lithium is also studied. It is being advanced.

JP2008-91076A JP 2007-188777 A JP 2006-134758 A

  However, in recent high-capacity designs, the thickness of the separator is thinner, and it is difficult to completely suppress internal short circuit between electrodes only by controlling the step position as in Patent Document 1 described above. In addition, as in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, in a battery configuration that satisfies recent requirements such as higher capacity and higher volume efficiency, the internal short circuit can be completely suppressed only by control as in Patent Document 1. Becomes more difficult. In particular, in Patent Document 2, the provision of a heat-resistant layer increases the friction between the electrode and the separator, which increases the binding force on the electrode when the battery expands, and is disadvantageous for the breakage of the electrode current collector. End up. Moreover, in patent document 3, since a high capacity | capacitance material is used as a negative electrode active material, although the negative electrode active material filling amount inside a battery can be reduced, the expansion amount of a negative electrode active material is larger than a carbon-type negative electrode active material. For this reason, the wound electrode body expands in the same manner, and the risk of an internal short circuit due to the fracture of the electrode current collector cannot be avoided.

  The present technology has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology, and an object of the present technology is a secondary battery that maintains battery characteristics and suppresses breakage of an electrode, as well as a battery pack and an electronic device. An object is to provide an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and an electric power system.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the secondary battery of the present technology includes a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer is formed on at least one surface of a strip-shaped positive electrode current collector, and at least one of a strip-shaped negative electrode current collector. A negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer formed on a surface thereof, and a wound electrode body laminated and wound via a separator;
Electrolyte,
A wound electrode body and an exterior body containing the electrolyte,
Starting from a position corresponding to one of the positive electrode and negative electrode electrode winding terminal portions located on the outer peripheral side of the wound electrode body, the separator outside the electrode winding terminal portion has one or more rounds. Less than the circumference, wound longer than the electrode winding end,
A resin layer containing inorganic particles or a resin layer not containing inorganic particles is provided between the base material of the separator and at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

In the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology, when the average element diameter of the wound electrode body is L, the positive electrode located on the outer peripheral side of the positive electrode and the negative electrode from the winding terminal portion of the separator in the wound electrode body It is preferable that the distance Y to the winding terminal part of either of the negative electrode and the negative electrode is represented by the following formula (1).
3.1L <Y <12.5L Formula (1)

  Furthermore, the battery pack, the electronic device, the electric vehicle, the power storage device, and the power system of the present technology include the above-described nonaqueous electrolyte battery.

  Since the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology can impart cushioning properties between the wound electrode body and the exterior body, the wound electrode body expands and comes into contact with the inner wall of the exterior body. The stress applied to the body can be absorbed and dispersed by the separator at the outermost periphery of the wound electrode body. Moreover, by adjusting the length of the separator wound around the outermost peripheral portion of the wound electrode body to the above range, the positive electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer, and the like can be maintained during charge / discharge while maintaining cushioning properties. Such stress can be prevented from becoming too large.

  According to the present technology, breakage of an electrode can be suppressed without deteriorating battery characteristics.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to a first embodiment of the present technology. It is sectional drawing which shows one structural example of the wound electrode body accommodated in the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows one structural example of the wound electrode body accommodated in the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows one structural example of the wound electrode body accommodated in the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows one structural example of the separator used for the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning the 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the winding electrode body accommodated in the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the winding electrode body accommodated in the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning 1st Embodiment of this technique. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the square nonaqueous electrolyte battery concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this technique. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the battery pack using the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of this technique. It is the schematic which shows the example which applied the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of this technique to the electrical storage system for houses. It is a schematic diagram showing roughly an example of composition of a hybrid vehicle which adopts a series hybrid system to which a nonaqueous electrolyte battery of this art is applied.

The best mode for carrying out the present technology (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) will be described below. The description will be made as follows.
1. First embodiment (an example of a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery using a wound electrode body of the present technology)
2. Second embodiment (an example of a square nonaqueous electrolyte battery using a wound electrode body of the present technology)
3. Third Embodiment (Example of battery pack using nonaqueous electrolyte battery)
4). Fourth embodiment (an example of a power storage system using a nonaqueous electrolyte battery)

1. First Embodiment (1-1) Configuration of Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 according to the first embodiment. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that can be charged and discharged, for example. This non-aqueous electrolyte battery 10 is a so-called cylindrical type, and has a belt-like shape together with a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) (hereinafter appropriately referred to as a non-aqueous electrolyte) inside a substantially hollow cylindrical battery can 11. The positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 have a wound electrode body 20 wound with a separator 23 interposed therebetween.

  The battery can 11 is made of, for example, iron plated with nickel, and has one end closed and the other end open. Inside the battery can 11, a pair of insulating plates 12 a and 12 b are respectively arranged perpendicular to the winding peripheral surface so as to sandwich the winding electrode body 20.

  Examples of the material of the battery can 11 include iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), stainless steel (SUS), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and the like. The battery can 11 may be plated with nickel or the like, for example, in order to prevent corrosion due to an electrochemical nonaqueous electrolyte accompanying charging / discharging of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10. At the open end of the battery can 11, a battery lid 13 that is a positive electrode lead plate, and a safety valve mechanism and a thermal resistance element (PTC element: Positive Temperature Coefficient) 17 provided inside the battery lid 13 are insulated and sealed. It is attached by caulking through a gasket 18 for

  The battery lid 13 is made of, for example, the same material as that of the battery can 11 and has an opening for discharging gas generated inside the battery. In the safety valve mechanism, a safety valve 14, a disk holder 15, and a shut-off disk 16 are sequentially stacked. The protrusion 14 a of the safety valve 14 is connected to a positive electrode lead 25 led out from the wound electrode body 20 through a sub disk 19 disposed so as to cover a hole 16 a provided in the center of the shutoff disk 16. . By connecting the safety valve 14 and the positive electrode lead 25 via the sub disk 19, the positive electrode lead 25 is prevented from being drawn from the hole 16a when the safety valve 14 is reversed. Further, the safety valve mechanism is electrically connected to the battery lid 13 via the heat sensitive resistance element 17.

  In the safety valve mechanism, when the internal pressure of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 exceeds a certain level due to internal short circuit or heating from the outside of the battery, the safety valve 14 is reversed, and the protrusion 14a, the battery lid 13 and the wound electrode body 20 are reversed. The electrical connection with is disconnected. That is, when the safety valve 14 is reversed, the positive electrode lead 25 is pressed by the shut-off disk 16 and the connection between the safety valve 14 and the positive electrode lead 25 is released. The disc holder 15 is made of an insulating material, and when the safety valve 14 is reversed, the safety valve 14 and the shut-off disc 16 are insulated.

  Further, when further gas is generated inside the battery and the internal pressure of the battery further increases, a part of the safety valve 14 is broken and the gas can be discharged to the battery lid 13 side.

  In addition, for example, a plurality of vent holes (not shown) are provided around the hole 16a of the shut-off disk 16, and when gas is generated from the wound electrode body 20, the gas is effectively removed from the battery lid. It is set as the structure which can discharge | emit to 13 side.

  The resistance element 17 increases in resistance when the temperature rises, cuts off the current by disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery lid 13 and the wound electrode body 20, and generates abnormal heat due to an excessive current. To prevent. The gasket 18 is made of, for example, an insulating material, and the surface is coated with asphalt.

  The wound electrode body 20 accommodated in the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 is wound around a hollow cylindrical center pin 24. The center pin 24 has a function of preventing or suppressing the collapse of the wound electrode body 20 when the pressure inside the battery is abnormal to prevent an internal short circuit and moving the gas generated at the bottom of the battery can 11 to the upper safety valve mechanism side. Have The center pin 24 is preferably made of a light and strong metal material, that is, stainless steel (SUS), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), or the like. The center pin 24 preferably has the outer diameter as small as possible and the inner diameter of the hollow portion as large as possible. Thereby, volume efficiency can be improved, maintaining gas discharge capability.

  From the wound electrode body 20, a positive electrode lead 25 electrically connected to the positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode lead 26 electrically connected to the negative electrode 22 are led out. As described above, the positive electrode lead 25 is welded to the safety valve 14 and is electrically connected to the battery lid 13, and the negative electrode lead 26 is welded to and electrically connected to the battery can 11.

[Wound electrode body]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the wound electrode body 20. FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the wound electrode body 20 shown in FIG. 2, in which the winding center is omitted. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the cross-sectional view of the spirally wound electrode body 20 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the wound electrode body 20 is formed by winding a laminated electrode body in which a belt-like positive electrode 21 and a belt-like negative electrode 22 are laminated so as to face each other with a separator 23 therebetween in the longitudinal direction. The winding terminal portion is fixed by a fixing member 27 as necessary. The positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are laminated and wound in the order of the positive electrode 21, the separator 23A, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23B together with the two separators 23 (separators 23A and 23B). The positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 are wound from the winding start end portion with one end in the longitudinal direction as the winding start end portion, and the other end in the longitudinal direction is wound as the winding end portion. The winding ends at the outermost periphery.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spirally wound electrode body 20 of the present technology includes a spirally wound electrode body by a separator 23 in which the outer peripheral portion of the spirally wound electrode body is formed sufficiently longer than the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22. It is wound in the range of 1 round or more and less than 4 rounds of the outer peripheral part. More specifically, it is formed longer at the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body, that is, at the winding terminal portion of the laminated electrode body, than the winding terminal portion of the electrode located on the outer peripheral side of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22. Further, the length of the winding termination region of the separator is one or more and less than four rounds of the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20.

  As described above, the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is wound by the separator 23, whereby cushioning properties can be imparted between the wound electrode body 20 and the battery can 11. Thereby, when the expanded wound electrode body 20 comes into contact with the inner wall of the battery can 11, the stress applied to the wound electrode body can be absorbed and dispersed. When the spirally wound electrode body 20 expands, stress (shearing on the positive electrode current collector 21A and the negative electrode current collector 22A) is applied from the outermost peripheral portion of the spirally wound electrode body 20 toward the center of the spirally wound electrode body 20. Stress) and the breakage of the positive electrode current collector 21A and the negative electrode current collector 22A can be suppressed.

  Further, by adjusting the length of the separator 23 wound around the outermost peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 to the above range, the positive electrode active material layer 21B and the negative electrode active material can be maintained during charge / discharge while maintaining cushioning properties. The stress applied to the layer 22B and the like can be prevented from becoming too large. For this reason, it is also possible to maintain battery characteristics such as cycle characteristics without deteriorating.

  In the following description and drawings, a winding termination region longer than one of the winding termination portions of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 located on the outer peripheral side of the separator 23 is defined as the length of the surplus separator 23L and the surplus separator 23L ( The length of the surplus area) is appropriately referred to as a separator surplus length. Further, in FIG. 3, a positive electrode winding termination portion 21 </ b> E that is a winding electrode body 20 outer peripheral side termination portion of the positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode winding termination portion 22 </ b> E that is a winding electrode body 20 outer peripheral side termination portion of the negative electrode 22. An example of the wound electrode body 20 that is substantially in the same position and in which the negative electrode 22 is located on the outer peripheral side is shown. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is covered with the excess separator 23L by being wound about twice.

As described above, in order to make the surplus separator length longer than the outer circumference of the spirally wound electrode body 1 by 1 round or more and less than 4 rounds, when the average element diameter (average diameter) of the spirally wound electrode body is L In addition, it is necessary to adjust the separator surplus length Y so as to satisfy the following formula (1).
3.1L <Y <12.5L Formula (1)
For example, when the battery shape is ICR18650 conforming to JIS C8711, the separator surplus length Y is preferably about 53 mm to 220 mm.

More preferably, the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is the wound electrode body 20 wound by one or more turns and less than three turns on the outer periphery of the wound electrode body 20 by the excess separator 23L. In this case, when the average element diameter (average diameter) of the wound electrode body is L, it is necessary to adjust the separator surplus length Y so as to satisfy the following formula (2).
3.1L <Y <9.4L Formula (2)

  If the separator surplus length is short outside the above range and the number of turns wound by the surplus separator 23L is less than one, it is not preferable because sufficient cushioning properties cannot be obtained. In this case, it becomes difficult to absorb and disperse the stress applied to the wound electrode body 20 by the battery can 11 by the battery separator 11 when the electrode expands, resulting in electrode breakage, internal short circuit associated therewith, or deterioration of battery characteristics.

  On the other hand, if the separator surplus length is long outside the above range, the number of windings of the surplus separator 23L wound around the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is excessively increased, so that the surplus separator 23L in the battery can 11 is The occupation ratio increases, which is not preferable. In this case, the size of the wound electrode body 20 is reduced, and the battery capacity is reduced. Further, when the size of the wound electrode body 20 is maintained in order not to reduce the battery capacity, the stress applied to the wound electrode body 20 by the surplus separator 23L increases, and the electrode breaks, the internal short circuit associated therewith, or the battery characteristics. Decrease. When the number of windings of the excess separator 23L is excessive, the cushion effect is difficult to obtain, and the wound electrode body 20 is pressed more than the cushion effect provided by the excess separator.

  Hereinafter, the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 will be described in detail.

[Positive electrode]
The positive electrode 21 has, for example, a structure in which a positive electrode active material layer 21B is provided on both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector 21A having a pair of opposed surfaces. Although not shown, the positive electrode active material layer 21B may be provided only on one surface of the positive electrode current collector 21A. The positive electrode current collector 21A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as an aluminum foil.

  The positive electrode active material layer 21B includes, for example, a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder. The positive electrode active material includes any one or more positive electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium as the positive electrode active material. Other materials may be included.

As the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium, for example, lithium-containing compounds such as lithium oxide, lithium phosphorus oxide, lithium sulfide, or an intercalation compound containing lithium are suitable, and two or more of these are used. May be used in combination. In order to increase the energy density, a lithium-containing compound containing lithium, a transition metal element, and oxygen (O) is preferable. Examples of such lithium-containing compounds include lithium composite oxides having a layered rock salt structure shown in (Chemical Formula I), lithium composite phosphates having an olivine type structure shown in (Chemical Formula II), and the like. Can be mentioned. It is more preferable that the lithium-containing compound includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) as a transition metal element. Examples of such lithium-containing compounds include lithium composite oxides having a layered rock salt type structure shown in (Chemical III), (Chemical IV) or (Chemical V), and spinel type compounds shown in (Chemical VI). Examples thereof include a lithium composite oxide having a structure, or a lithium composite phosphate having an olivine type structure shown in (Chemical Formula VII). Specifically, LiNi _0.50 Co _0.20 Mn _0.30 O ₂ , Li _a CoO ₂ (A≈1), Li _b NiO ₂ (b≈1), Li _c1 Ni _c2 Co _1-c2 O ₂ (c1≈1, 0 <c2 <1), Li _d Mn ₂ O ₄ (d≈1) or LieFePO ₄ (e≈1).

(Chemical I)
_{Li p Ni (1-qr)} Mn q M1 r O (1-y) X z
(In the formula, M1 represents at least one element selected from Group 2 to Group 15 excluding nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn). X represents Group 16 element and Group 17 element other than oxygen (O). P, q, y, and z are 0 ≦ p ≦ 1.5, 0 ≦ q ≦ 1.0, 0 ≦ r ≦ 1.0, −0.10 ≦ y ≦ 0. (20, 0 ≦ z ≦ 0.2)

(Chemical II)
Li _a M2 _b PO ₄
(In the formula, M2 represents at least one element selected from Groups 2 to 15. a and b are values in the range of 0 ≦ a ≦ 2.0 and 0.5 ≦ b ≦ 2.0. .)

(Chemical III)
Li _f Mn _(1-gh) Ni _g M3 _h O _(1-j) F _k
(In the formula, M3 is cobalt (Co), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu ), Zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W). g, h, j and k are 0.8 ≦ f ≦ 1.2, 0 <g <0.5, 0 ≦ h ≦ 0.5, g + h <1, −0.1 ≦ j ≦ 0.2, (The value is in the range of 0 ≦ k ≦ 0.1. Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of f represents a value in a fully discharged state.)

(Chemical IV)
Li _m Ni _(1-n) M4 _n O _(1-p) F _q
(Wherein M4 is cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe ), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W), at least one selected from the group consisting of m, n, p and q are values within the range of 0.8 ≦ m ≦ 1.2, 0.005 ≦ n ≦ 0.5, −0.1 ≦ p ≦ 0.2, 0 ≦ q ≦ 0.1. Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of m represents a value in a fully discharged state.)

(Chemical V)
Li _r Co _(1-s) M5 _s O _{(1-t) Fu}
(In the formula, M5 is nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe ), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and tungsten (W), at least one kind. s, t, and u are values within the ranges of 0.8 ≦ r ≦ 1.2, 0 ≦ s <0.5, −0.1 ≦ t ≦ 0.2, and 0 ≦ u ≦ 0.1. (Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of r represents the value in a fully discharged state.)

(Chemical VI)
Li _v Mn _(1-w) M6 _w O _x F _y
(In the formula, M6 represents cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe ), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and tungsten (W), at least one selected from the group consisting of v, w, x, and y are values within the range of 0.9 ≦ v ≦ 1.1, 0 ≦ w ≦ 0.6, 3.7 ≦ x ≦ 4.1, and 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.1. Note that the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of v represents the value in a fully discharged state.)

(Chemical VII)
Li _z M7PO ₄
(Wherein M7 is cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V ), Niobium (Nb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) Z is a value in a range of 0.9 ≦ z ≦ 1.1, wherein the composition of lithium varies depending on the state of charge and discharge, and the value of z represents a value in a complete discharge state. )

  Furthermore, as a composite particle in which the surface of the core particle made of any of the above lithium-containing compounds is coated with fine particles made of any of the other lithium-containing compounds, from the viewpoint that higher electrode filling properties and cycle characteristics can be obtained. Also good.

In addition, examples of the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include oxides, disulfides, chalcogenides, and conductive polymers. Examples of the oxide include vanadium oxide (V ₂ O ₅ ), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), and manganese dioxide (MnO ₂ ). Examples of the disulfide include iron disulfide (FeS ₂ ), titanium disulfide (TiS ₂ ), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂ ). The chalcogenide is particularly preferably a layered compound or a spinel compound, such as niobium selenide (NbSe ₂ ). Examples of the conductive polymer include sulfur, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polypyrrole. Of course, the positive electrode material may be other than the above. Further, two or more kinds of the series of positive electrode materials described above may be mixed in any combination.

  As the conductive agent, for example, a carbon material such as carbon black or graphite is used. Examples of the binder include resin materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and these resin materials. At least one selected from a copolymer or the like mainly composed of is used.

[Negative electrode]
The negative electrode 22 has, for example, a structure in which a negative electrode active material layer 22B is provided on both surfaces of a negative electrode current collector 22A having a pair of opposed surfaces. Although not shown, the negative electrode active material layer 22B may be provided only on one surface of the negative electrode current collector 22A.

  The negative electrode current collector 22A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as a copper (Cu) foil, a nickel (Ni) foil, or stainless steel (SUS). Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a copper foil. The anode current collector 22A in the present technology preferably has a smaller thickness than the conventional one. For example, when the battery shape is ICR18650 conforming to JIS C8711, the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 22A is preferably in the range of 8 μm to 10 μm. Conventionally, in the battery-shaped nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10, the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 22 </ b> A is used in the range of, for example, 12 μm or more and 20 μm or less, and the problem of electrode breakage due to charge / discharge hardly occurs. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of volume efficiency, it is required to reduce the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 22A that does not directly contribute to the battery capacity, but generally a thin current collector tends to break. As in the present technology, the configuration in which the excess separator 23L is wound around the outer periphery of the wound electrode body 20 can reduce the stress applied to the negative electrode current collector 22A, and thus the thickness at which the electrode is easily broken. This is particularly effective when the negative electrode current collector 22A in the range of 8 μm or more and 10 μm or less is used.

  The thickness range of the negative electrode current collector 22A described above is a preferable range in the case of the battery shape described above. In the case of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 having a larger battery diameter and battery height, the negative electrode current collector is used. About 22A, it becomes a little thicker than the above-mentioned thickness range.

  The surface of the negative electrode current collector 22A is preferably roughened. This is because the so-called anchor effect improves the adhesion between the negative electrode current collector 22A and the negative electrode active material layer 22B. In this case, the surface of the negative electrode current collector 22A only needs to be roughened at least in a region facing the negative electrode active material layer 22B. Examples of the roughening method include a method of forming fine particles by electrolytic treatment. This electrolytic treatment is a method of providing irregularities by forming fine particles on the surface of the anode current collector 22A by an electrolytic method in an electrolytic bath. The copper foil produced by the electrolytic method is generally called “electrolytic copper foil”. The surface roughness of the negative electrode current collector 22A can be arbitrarily set.

  The negative electrode active material layer 22B includes one or more negative electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium as the negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material layer 21B as necessary. It is comprised including the same electrically conductive agent and binder.

  In this non-aqueous electrolyte battery, the electrochemical equivalent of the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium is larger than the electrochemical equivalent of the positive electrode 21, and theoretically, the negative electrode 22 is in the middle of charging. Lithium metal is not deposited.

  In addition, this nonaqueous electrolyte battery is designed such that an open circuit voltage (that is, a battery voltage) in a fully charged state is in a range of, for example, 4.20V or more and 6.00V or less. For example, it is preferable that the open circuit voltage in the fully charged state is 4.25 V or more and 6.00 V or less. When the open circuit voltage in the fully charged state is 4.25 V or higher, the amount of lithium released per unit mass is increased even with the same positive electrode active material as compared to the 4.20 V battery. Accordingly, the amounts of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are adjusted. Thereby, a high energy density can be obtained.

  Examples of the negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, graphite, pyrolytic carbons, cokes, glassy carbons, and fired organic polymer compounds And carbon materials such as carbon fiber and activated carbon. Of these, examples of coke include pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke. An organic polymer compound fired body is a carbonized material obtained by firing a polymer material such as a phenol resin or a furan resin at an appropriate temperature, and part of it is non-graphitizable carbon or graphitizable carbon. Some are classified as: These carbon materials are preferable because the change in crystal structure that occurs during charge and discharge is very small, a high charge and discharge capacity can be obtained, and good cycle characteristics can be obtained. In particular, graphite is preferable because it has a high electrochemical equivalent and can provide a high energy density. Further, non-graphitizable carbon is preferable because excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. Furthermore, those having a low charge / discharge potential, specifically, those having a charge / discharge potential close to that of lithium metal are preferable because a high energy density of the battery can be easily realized.

  Examples of the negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium and containing at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element as a constituent element. . This is because a high energy density can be obtained by using such a material. In particular, the use with a carbon material is more preferable because a high energy density can be obtained and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. The negative electrode material may be a single element, alloy or compound of a metal element or metalloid element, or may have at least a part of one or more of these phases. In the present technology, the alloy includes an alloy including one or more metal elements and one or more metalloid elements in addition to an alloy composed of two or more metal elements. Moreover, the nonmetallic element may be included. Some of the structures include a solid solution, a eutectic (eutectic mixture), an intermetallic compound, or two or more of them.

  Examples of metal elements or metalloid elements constituting the negative electrode material include magnesium (Mg), boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), silicon (Si), and germanium (Ge). ), Tin (Sn), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), yttrium (Y), palladium (Pd) ) Or platinum (Pt). These may be crystalline or amorphous.

  Among these, as the negative electrode material, a material containing a 4B group metal element or a semimetal element in the short-period type periodic table as a constituent element is preferable, and at least one of silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) is particularly preferable. It is included as an element. This is because silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) have a large ability to occlude and release lithium, and a high energy density can be obtained.

  As an alloy of tin (Sn), for example, as a second constituent element other than tin (Sn), silicon (Si), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr) The thing containing at least 1 sort is mentioned. As an alloy of silicon (Si), for example, as a second constituent element other than silicon (Si), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), indium (In), silver (Ag), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr) The thing containing at least 1 sort is mentioned.

  Examples of the tin (Sn) compound or silicon (Si) compound include those containing oxygen (O) or carbon (C). In addition to tin (Sn) or silicon (Si), the above-described compounds are used. Two constituent elements may be included.

  Among these, as this negative electrode material, tin (Sn), cobalt (Co), and carbon (C) are included as constituent elements, and the carbon content is 9.9 mass% or more and 29.7 mass% or less. And the SnCoC containing material whose ratio of cobalt (Co) with respect to the sum total of tin (Sn) and cobalt (Co) is 30 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less is preferable. This is because a high energy density can be obtained in such a composition range, and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.

  This SnCoC-containing material may further contain other constituent elements as necessary. Examples of other constituent elements include silicon (Si), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), indium (In), niobium (Nb), germanium (Ge), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum. (Mo), aluminum (Al), phosphorus (P), gallium (Ga) or bismuth (Bi) are preferable and may contain two or more. This is because the capacity or cycle characteristics can be further improved.

  This SnCoC-containing material has a phase containing tin, cobalt, and carbon, and this phase preferably has a low crystallinity or an amorphous structure. In this SnCoC-containing material, it is preferable that at least a part of carbon (C) as a constituent element is bonded to a metal element or a metalloid element as another constituent element. The decrease in cycle characteristics is considered to be due to aggregation or crystallization of tin (Sn) or the like. However, the combination of carbon (C) with other elements suppresses such aggregation or crystallization. Because it can.

  As a measuring method for examining the bonding state of elements, for example, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can be cited. In XPS, the peak of the carbon 1s orbital (C1s) appears at 284.5 eV in an energy calibrated apparatus so that the peak of the gold atom 4f orbital (Au4f) is obtained at 84.0 eV if it is graphite. . Moreover, if it is surface contamination carbon, it will appear at 284.8 eV. On the other hand, when the charge density of the carbon element increases, for example, when carbon is bonded to a metal element or a metalloid element, the C1s peak appears in a region lower than 284.5 eV. That is, when the peak of the synthetic wave of C1s obtained for the SnCoC-containing material appears in a region lower than 284.5 eV, at least a part of the carbon contained in the SnCoC-containing material is a metal element or a half of other constituent elements. Combined with metal elements.

  In XPS measurement, for example, the C1s peak is used to correct the energy axis of the spectrum. Usually, since surface-contaminated carbon exists on the surface, the C1s peak of the surface-contaminated carbon is set to 284.8 eV, which is used as an energy standard. In the XPS measurement, the waveform of the C1s peak is obtained as a shape including the surface contamination carbon peak and the carbon peak in the SnCoC-containing material. Therefore, by analyzing using, for example, commercially available software, the surface contamination The carbon peak and the carbon peak in the SnCoC-containing material are separated. In the waveform analysis, the position of the main peak existing on the lowest bound energy side is used as the energy reference (284.8 eV).

[Separator]
The separator 23 separates the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and allows lithium ions to pass through while preventing a short circuit of current due to contact between the two electrodes. In addition, the separator 23 is formed with a winding termination portion longer than the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, and the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is wound at least one turn and less than four turns, whereby the wound electrode body 20 and the battery are wound. A cushioning property is imparted between the can 11 and the can 11. The separator 23 is impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte. This nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes a nonaqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent.

  The separator 23 is, for example, a non-woven fabric or a microporous resin film mainly composed of a resin material. For example, a polyolefin resin is preferably used as the resin material. This is because the microporous membrane containing polyolefin as a main component is excellent in short-circuit prevention effect and can achieve battery safety due to a shutdown effect. As the polyolefin resin, it is preferable to use a simple substance of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) or a mixture thereof.

  The separator 23 may contain any of fluorine resin materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in addition to polyolefin. It is because it is excellent in oxidation resistance. Also, a microporous resin film made of a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) and a microporous resin made of a fluorine resin such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) A structure in which films are stacked may be used.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, it is good also as a structure which provided the surface layer 23b which consists of a resin layer containing inorganic particles, such as a metal oxide, in the at least one surface of the base material 23a. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a configuration in which the surface layer 23b is provided on both surfaces of the base material 23a.

  As the base material 23a, a microporous resin film that can be generally used as a separator is used. Specifically, a microporous resin film composed of a polyolefin resin, a fluororesin, or a mixed resin thereof as described above, or a microporous resin film composed of a polyolefin resin and a fluororesin. A laminated resin film with a resin film is used.

  The resin material constituting the surface layer 23b is preferably a heat-resistant resin or an oxidation-resistant resin. For example, a fluorine-containing resin such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro. Fluorinated rubber such as propylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer and its hydride, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer Polymer and its hydride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and its hydride, methacrylic acid ester-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, acrylonitrile-acrylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene Rubbers such as polypropylene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, cellulose derivatives such as ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, polyamide, Examples include polyester. As the heat resistant resin, a resin material having at least one of a melting point and a glass transition temperature of 180 ° C. or higher is preferable.

Examples of the inorganic particles constituting the surface layer 23b include electrically insulating metal oxides, metal nitrides, and metal carbides. As the metal oxide, alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), magnesia (MgO), titania (TiO ₂ ), zirconia (ZrO ₂ ), silica (SiO ₂ ) and the like can be suitably used. As the metal nitride, silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ), aluminum nitride (AlN), boron nitride (BN), titanium nitride (TiN), or the like can be preferably used. As the metal carbide, silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B ₄ C), or the like can be suitably used. These ceramics may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When these inorganic particles are included in the surface layer 23b of the separator 23, for example, the inorganic particles are preferably supported on a resin material having a three-dimensional network structure.

  Inorganic particles are preferable because they have heat resistance and suppress shrinkage of the separator 23. In addition, the inorganic particles have oxidation resistance, and have strong resistance to an oxidizing environment in the vicinity of the electrode, particularly the positive electrode during charging. For this reason, it can suppress that the surface layer 23b of the separator 23 deteriorates by being exposed to an oxidizing environment, and the effect which improves the tear strength of the separator 23 whole by supplementing the tear strength of the base material 23a can be suppressed. For this reason, when using the separator 23 in which the surface layer 23b mixed with ceramics is formed only on one surface of the substrate 23a, the surface layer 23b is preferably formed on the surface facing the positive electrode.

  The shape of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited, and any of inorganic particles having shapes such as a spherical shape, a fibrous shape, and a random shape can be used.

  From the viewpoint of the influence on the strength of the separator 23 and the smoothness of the coated surface, the inorganic particles preferably have an average primary particle size of 50% or less with respect to the thickness of the surface layer 23b. In particular, the average particle size of the primary particles is preferably 1.0 μm or less, more preferably 0.1 μm or less, and particularly preferably in the range of 1 nm to 1.0 μm. The average particle diameter is an average particle diameter (D50) measured by a laser diffraction scattering method. The average particle size of such primary particles can be measured by a method of analyzing a photograph obtained with an electron microscope with a particle size measuring instrument.

  By setting the average particle size of the primary particles of the inorganic particles within this range, the distance between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 can be reduced. For this reason, a sufficient amount of active material can be obtained in a limited space, and a high battery capacity can be obtained. When the average particle size of the primary particles of the inorganic particles is too large, the separator 23 becomes brittle, the surface of the separator 23 (coating surface of the inorganic particle-containing resin) becomes rough, or a resin solution containing inorganic particles is used as a base material. When the surface layer 23b is formed by coating on the surface 23a, there may be a problem that a portion where a resin solution containing inorganic particles is not applied is generated.

  The thickness of the separator 23 is preferably 12 μm or more and 20 μm or less. The same applies to the separator 23 having a laminated structure of the base material 23a and the surface layer 23b. When the separator 23 is thin outside the above range, the function as a separator cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the cushioning property at the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20, which is a feature of the present technology, is poor. When the separator 23 is thick outside the above range, the volumetric efficiency of the battery decreases, the clearance between the wound electrode body 20 and the battery can 1 decreases, and the stress applied to the wound electrode body 20 increases.

  In general, when a separator having a laminated structure as described above is used, friction between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and the separator 23 increases. For this reason, when the active material layer expands, the binding force between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and the separator 23 becomes strong, which is a disadvantageous design for breaking the current collector. However, since the stress generated between the wound electrode body 20 and the battery can 11 can be reduced by using the configuration of the present technology, the electrode is not easily broken as a whole, which is preferable.

  The surface layer 23b may be a resin layer made of a resin material that does not contain inorganic particles and includes at least one of a heat resistant resin and an oxidation resistant resin.

[Non-aqueous electrolyte]
The nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte salt and a nonaqueous solvent that dissolves the electrolyte salt.

The electrolyte salt contains, for example, one or more light metal compounds such as lithium salts. Examples of the lithium salt include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF ₄ ), lithium perchlorate (LiClO ₄ ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF ₆ ), Lithium tetraphenylborate (LiB (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₄ ), lithium methanesulfonate (LiCH ₃ SO ₃ ), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF ₃ SO ₃ ), lithium tetrachloroaluminate (LiAlCl 4), hexafluoride Examples thereof include dilithium silicate (Li ₂ SiF ₆ ), lithium chloride (LiCl), and lithium bromide (LiBr). Among these, at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, and lithium hexafluoroarsenate is preferable, and lithium hexafluorophosphate is more preferable.

  Examples of the non-aqueous solvent include lactone solvents such as γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, δ-valerolactone, and ε-caprolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, Carbonate esters such as diethyl carbonate, ether solvents such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1-ethoxy-2-methoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and nitriles such as acetonitrile Nonaqueous solvents such as solvents, sulfolane-based solvents, phosphoric acids, phosphate ester solvents, and pyrrolidones are exemplified. Any one type of solvent may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed and used.

  In addition, it is preferable to use a mixture of a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate as the non-aqueous solvent, and it may contain a compound in which a part or all of the hydrogen of the cyclic carbonate or the chain carbonate includes a fluorination. preferable. Examples of the fluorinated compound include fluoroethylene carbonate (4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one: FEC) and difluoroethylene carbonate (4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one: DFEC) is preferably used. This is because even when the negative electrode 22 containing a compound such as silicon (Si), tin (Sn), or germanium (Ge) is used as the negative electrode active material, charge / discharge cycle characteristics can be improved. Of these, difluoroethylene carbonate is preferably used as the non-aqueous solvent. This is because the cycle characteristic improvement effect is excellent.

(1-2) Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery Manufacturing Method [Positive Electrode Manufacturing Method]
A positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and the positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like positive electrode mixture slurry Is made. Next, the positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector 21A, the solvent is dried, and the positive electrode active material layer 21B is formed by compression molding with a roll press machine or the like, and the positive electrode 21 is manufactured.

[Production method of negative electrode]
A negative electrode active material and a binder are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and the negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to prepare a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry. Next, the negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector 22A, the solvent is dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 22B is formed by compression molding with a roll press or the like, thereby producing the negative electrode 22.

[Manufacturing method of separator]
The separator 23 having a configuration in which the base material 23a and the surface layer 23b are laminated can be manufactured by the following method.

  First, the resin material and inorganic particles constituting the surface layer 23b and a dispersion solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are mixed at a predetermined mass ratio, and the resin material is mixed with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The resin solution slurry in which the resin material is dissolved is prepared. At this time, it is preferable to stir using a highly stirrer such as a bead mill.

  Here, as a dispersion solvent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene and the like are used. From the viewpoint of solubility and high dispersibility, N-methyl is used. It is preferable to use 2-pyrrolidone.

  Subsequently, the prepared resin solution slurry is applied to the surface of the base material 23a using an application device such as a desktop coater. The base material 23a is made of, for example, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, or the like as a microporous resin film by uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching. Next, the base material 23a coated with the resin solution slurry is immersed in a water bath for a predetermined time. By bringing the base material 23a coated with the resin solution slurry into contact with water or the like which is a poor solvent for the resin material and a good solvent for the dispersion solvent for dissolving the resin material, the resin solution slurry is phased. Separating and finally drying with hot air yields the separator 23 having the surface layer 23b formed on the surface of the substrate 23a.

  By using such a method, the surface layer 23b is formed by an abrupt poor solvent-induced phase separation phenomenon, and the surface layer 23b has a structure in which a skeleton made of a copolymer is connected in a fine three-dimensional network. That is, solvent exchange occurs when the base material 23a coated with the resin solution slurry in which the resin material is dissolved is brought into contact with a solvent such as water. As a result, rapid (high speed) phase separation accompanied by spinodal decomposition occurs in the resin solution slurry, and the resin material has a unique three-dimensional network structure.

  The surface layer 23b thus produced forms a unique porous structure. The inorganic particles are supported on the three-dimensional network structure of the resin material. This structure makes it possible to achieve excellent nonaqueous electrolyte impregnation and ionic conductivity.

  Moreover, the formation method of the surface layer 23b containing an inorganic particle is not restricted to the above-mentioned method. For example, by mixing the melted resin material and the inorganic particles, a gap is generated in a part between the resin material and the inorganic particles due to the interaction between the resin material and the inorganic particles. The porous surface layer 23b that functions as a part of the separator 23 may be formed by solidifying the resin material in a state where such voids are generated.

  The surface layer 23b may be a resin layer made of a resin material that does not contain inorganic particles and includes at least one of a heat resistant resin and an oxidation resistant resin.

[Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte]
The nonaqueous electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent.

[Assembly of non-aqueous electrolyte battery]
The positive electrode lead 25 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 21A by welding or the like, and the negative electrode lead 26 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 22A by welding or the like. Thereafter, the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are wound through a separator 23 to form a wound electrode body 20. At this time, the outermost peripheral portion of the wound electrode body 20 is wound by one or more turns and less than four turns of the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by the surplus portion (surplus separator 23L) of the winding end portion of the separator 23. .

  Subsequently, the tip of the positive electrode lead 25 is welded to the safety valve mechanism, and the tip of the negative electrode lead 26 is welded to the battery can 11. Thereafter, the wound surface of the wound electrode body 20 is sandwiched between the pair of insulating plates 12 and 13 and stored in the battery can 11. After the wound electrode body 20 is accommodated in the battery can 11, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected into the battery can 11 and impregnated in the separator 23. After that, the battery lid 13, the safety valve mechanism and the heat sensitive resistance element 17 are fixed to the opening end of the battery can 11 by caulking through the gasket 18. Thereby, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery shown in FIG. 1 is formed.

  In this non-aqueous electrolyte battery, when charged, for example, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode active material layer 21B and inserted into the negative electrode active material layer 22B through the non-aqueous electrolyte. Further, when discharging is performed, for example, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode active material layer 22B and inserted into the positive electrode active material layer 21B through the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

(1-3) Modification in First Embodiment FIG. 6 shows a first modification of the wound electrode body 20. In FIG. 6, the exposed portion of the negative electrode current collector 22 </ b> A is provided, for example, over one turn at the outermost winding part of the winding electrode body 20.

  That is, in the wound electrode body 20 of FIG. 6, the negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22C, which is a region where the negative electrode active material layer 22B is not formed on one surface of the negative electrode current collector 22A, at the winding end portion of the negative electrode 22, It forms in the area | region for 1 round of the outer periphery of the winding electrode body 20. FIG. The negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22 </ b> C is provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the wound electrode body 20. Thereby, the negative electrode active material layer 22B that does not contribute to the battery reaction can be prevented from being formed in a portion of the negative electrode 22 that does not face the positive electrode active material layer 21B.

  FIG. 7 shows a second modification of the wound electrode body 20. In FIG. 7, the winding outer peripheral portion of the winding electrode body 20 is provided with a current collector facing portion in which, for example, the positive electrode current collector 21 </ b> A and the negative electrode current collector 22 </ b> A face each other through the separator 23. It is.

  That is, in the wound electrode body 20 of FIG. 7, the positive electrode current collector exposed portion 21 </ b> C, which is a region where the positive electrode active material layer 21 </ b> B is not formed, is formed on the positive electrode current collector 21 </ b> A at the winding end portion of the positive electrode 21. Similarly, a negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22C, which is a region where the negative electrode active material layer 22B is not formed, is formed on the negative electrode current collector 22A at the winding end portion of the negative electrode 22. The positive electrode current collector exposed portion 21C is provided in a region facing the negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22C. At this time, for example, the dimensional difference between the positive electrode current collector exposed portion 21C and the negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22C is preferably 2 mm or more. Thereby, at the winding end portion of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, a current collector facing portion in which the positive electrode current collector exposed portion 21C and the negative electrode current collector exposed portion 22C face each other is provided.

  By providing such a current collector facing portion, when the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 is deformed or collapsed by being crushed from the outside, the positive electrode current collector 21A and the negative electrode current collector 22A come into contact with each other, and the low resistance Can cause a short circuit. As a result, when the non-aqueous electrolyte battery 10 is deformed or collapsed, a sudden large current is generated, and so-called thermal runaway such as abnormal heat generation or smoke generation can be made difficult to occur.

〔effect〕
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment can maintain the battery capacity and battery characteristics, and can obtain the effect of suppressing electrode breakage.

2. Second Embodiment In the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, a rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte battery in which a surplus separator is wound around the outermost periphery of the wound electrode body to provide cushioning properties. Will be described.

(2-1) Configuration of Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 30 according to the second embodiment. This non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a so-called square battery, in which the wound electrode body 40 is accommodated in a rectangular outer can 31.

  The nonaqueous electrolyte battery 30 includes a rectangular tube-shaped outer can 31, a wound electrode body 40 that is a power generation element housed in the outer can 31, a battery lid 32 that closes an opening of the outer can 31, a battery An electrode pin 33 and the like provided at substantially the center of the lid 32 are used.

  The outer can 31 is formed as a hollow, bottomed rectangular tube with a conductive metal such as iron (Fe), for example. The inner surface of the outer can 31 is preferably configured to increase the conductivity of the outer can 31 by, for example, applying nickel plating or applying a conductive paint. The outer peripheral surface of the outer can 31 may be covered with an outer label formed of, for example, a plastic sheet or paper, or may be protected by applying an insulating paint. The battery lid 32 is formed of a conductive metal such as iron (Fe), for example, as with the outer can 31.

  The wound electrode body 40 is obtained by laminating a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a separator interposed between them and winding them in an oval shape. Since the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. A gel-like non-aqueous electrolyte layer (gel electrolyte layer) in which a non-aqueous electrolyte is held in a polymer compound may be formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the separator.

  The wound electrode body 40 having such a configuration is provided with a number of positive terminals 41 connected to the positive current collector and a number of negative terminals connected to the negative current collector. All the positive terminals 41 and the negative terminals are led to one end of the spirally wound electrode body 40 in the axial direction. The positive terminal 41 is connected to the lower end of the electrode pin 33 by fixing means such as welding. Further, the negative electrode terminal is connected to the inner surface of the outer can 31 by fixing means such as welding.

  The electrode pin 33 is made of a conductive shaft member, and is held by an insulator 34 with its head protruding to the upper end. The electrode pin 33 is fixed to a substantially central portion of the battery lid 32 through the insulator 34. The insulator 34 is made of a highly insulating material and is fitted into a through hole 35 provided on the surface side of the battery lid 32. Further, the electrode pin 33 is passed through the through hole 35, and the tip end portion of the positive electrode terminal 41 is fixed to the lower end surface thereof.

  The battery lid 32 provided with such electrode pins 33 and the like is fitted into the opening of the outer can 31, and the contact surface between the outer can 31 and the battery lid 32 is joined by fixing means such as welding. Yes. Thereby, the opening part of the armored can 31 is sealed by the battery cover 32, and is comprised airtight and liquid-tight. The battery lid 32 is provided with an internal pressure release mechanism 36 that breaks a part of the battery lid 32 to release (release) the internal pressure to the outside when the pressure in the outer can 31 rises above a predetermined value. ing.

  The internal pressure release mechanism 36 includes two first opening grooves 36a (one of the first opening grooves 36a is not shown) extending linearly in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the battery lid 32; Similarly, the inner surface of the battery cover 32 includes a second opening groove 36b extending in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and having both ends communicating with the two first opening grooves 36a. The two first opening grooves 36 a are provided in parallel to each other along the outer edge of the long side of the battery lid 32 in the vicinity of the inner side of the two long sides positioned so as to face the width direction of the battery lid 32. ing. Further, the second opening groove 36 b is provided so as to be positioned at a substantially central portion between one short side outer edge and the electrode pin 33 on one side in the longitudinal direction of the electrode pin 33.

  Both the first opening groove 36a and the second opening groove 36b have, for example, a V-shape in which the cross-sectional shape is opened on the lower surface side. The shapes of the first opening groove 36a and the second opening groove 36b are not limited to the V shape shown in this embodiment. For example, the shapes of the first opening groove 36a and the second opening groove 36b may be U-shaped or semicircular.

[Separator]
The separator can have the same configuration as the separator 23 in the second embodiment.

[Gel electrolyte layer]
The gel electrolyte layer is obtained by holding the non-aqueous electrolyte described in the first embodiment in a polymer compound. The gel electrolyte is preferable because it can obtain high ionic conductivity and prevent battery leakage.

  The polymer compound that holds the non-aqueous electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it absorbs the non-aqueous solvent and gels. For example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) or vinylidene fluoride (VdF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP). Fluorine-based polymer compounds such as copolymers containing polyethylene and repeating units, ether-based polymer compounds such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or crosslinked products containing polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polypropylene oxide (PPO) ) Or those containing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a repeating unit. Any one of these polymer compounds may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be mixed and used.

  In particular, from the viewpoint of redox stability, a fluorine-based polymer compound is desirable, and among them, a copolymer containing vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene as components is preferable. Further, this copolymer is composed of unsaturated dibasic acid monoesters such as maleic acid monomethyl ester (MMM), halogenated ethylenes such as ethylene trifluorochloride (PCTFE), and unsaturated compounds such as vinylene carbonate (VC). The cyclic carbonate ester or epoxy group-containing acrylic vinyl monomer may be included as a component. This is because higher characteristics can be obtained.

  As the non-aqueous electrolyte, the same one as in the first embodiment can be used.

(2-2) Method for Manufacturing Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery This nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be manufactured, for example, as follows.

[Method for producing positive electrode and negative electrode]
The positive electrode and the negative electrode can be produced by the same method as in the first embodiment.

[Assembly of non-aqueous electrolyte battery]
First, a precursor solution containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a polymer compound, and a mixed solvent is applied to each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the mixed solvent is volatilized to form a gel electrolyte layer. Next, using the positive electrode and the negative electrode on which the gel electrolyte layer is formed, a wound electrode body 40 that is elongated in an oval shape is manufactured by the same method as in the first embodiment. Subsequently, the wound electrode body 40 is accommodated in an outer can 31 that is a square can made of a metal such as aluminum (Al) or iron (Fe).

  And after connecting the electrode pin 33 provided in the battery cover 32 and the positive electrode terminal 41 derived | led-out from the winding electrode body 40, it seals with the battery cover 32, and nonaqueous electrolyte from the electrolyte solution injection port 37 Is sealed with a sealing member 38. As described above, this nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be obtained.

〔effect〕
The second embodiment can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

3. Third Embodiment In the third embodiment, a battery pack provided with a nonaqueous electrolyte battery using the nonaqueous electrolyte battery in the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example when the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology is applied to a battery pack. The battery pack includes a switch unit 304 including an assembled battery 301, an exterior, a charge control switch 302a, and a discharge control switch 303a, a current detection resistor 307, a temperature detection element 308, and a control unit 310.

  In addition, the battery pack includes a positive electrode terminal 321 and a negative electrode terminal 322. During charging, the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode terminal 322 are connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the charger, respectively, and charging is performed. Further, when the electronic device is used, the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode terminal 322 are connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the electronic device, respectively, and discharge is performed.

  The assembled battery 301 is formed by connecting a plurality of nonaqueous electrolyte batteries 301a in series and / or in parallel. This nonaqueous electrolyte battery 301a is a nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology. In addition, in FIG. 9, although the case where the six nonaqueous electrolyte batteries 301a are connected to 2 parallel 3 series (2P3S) is shown as an example, in addition, n parallel m series (n and m are integers). As such, any connection method may be used.

  The switch unit 304 includes a charge control switch 302a and a diode 302b, and a discharge control switch 303a and a diode 303b, and is controlled by the control unit 310. The diode 302b has a reverse polarity with respect to the charging current flowing from the positive terminal 321 in the direction of the assembled battery 301 and the forward polarity with respect to the discharging current flowing from the negative terminal 322 in the direction of the assembled battery 301. The diode 303b has a forward polarity with respect to the charging current and a reverse polarity with respect to the discharging current. In the example, the switch portion is provided on the + side, but may be provided on the − side.

  The charge control switch 302 a is turned off when the battery voltage becomes the overcharge detection voltage, and is controlled by the charge / discharge control unit so that the charge current does not flow in the current path of the assembled battery 301. After the charge control switch is turned off, only discharging is possible through the diode 302b. Further, it is turned off when a large current flows during charging, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so that the charging current flowing in the current path of the assembled battery 301 is cut off.

  The discharge control switch 303a is turned off when the battery voltage becomes the overdischarge detection voltage, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so that the discharge current does not flow through the current path of the assembled battery 301. After the discharge control switch 303a is turned off, only charging is possible via the diode 303b. Further, it is turned off when a large current flows during discharging, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so as to cut off the discharging current flowing in the current path of the assembled battery 301.

  The temperature detection element 308 is, for example, a thermistor, is provided in the vicinity of the assembled battery 301, measures the temperature of the assembled battery 301, and supplies the measured temperature to the control unit 310. The voltage detection unit 311 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 301 and each non-aqueous electrolyte battery 301 a that constitutes the same, performs A / D conversion on the measured voltage, and supplies the voltage to the control unit 310. The current measurement unit 313 measures the current using the current detection resistor 307 and supplies this measurement current to the control unit 310.

  The switch control unit 314 controls the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a of the switch unit 304 based on the voltage and current input from the voltage detection unit 311 and the current measurement unit 313. The switch control unit 314 sends a control signal to the switch unit 304 when any voltage of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 301a becomes equal to or lower than the overcharge detection voltage or overdischarge detection voltage, or when a large current flows suddenly. To prevent overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent charge / discharge.

  Here, for example, when the nonaqueous electrolyte battery is a lithium ion secondary battery, the overcharge detection voltage is determined to be, for example, 4.20V ± 0.05V, and the overdischarge detection voltage is determined to be, for example, 2.4V ± 0.1V. It is done.

  As the charge / discharge switch, for example, a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET can be used. In this case, the parasitic diode of the MOSFET functions as the diodes 302b and 303b. When a P-channel FET is used as the charge / discharge switch, the switch control unit 314 supplies control signals DO and CO to the gates of the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a, respectively. When the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a are P-channel type, they are turned on by a gate potential that is lower than the source potential by a predetermined value or more. That is, in normal charging and discharging operations, the control signals CO and DO are set to the low level, and the charging control switch 302a and the discharging control switch 303a are turned on.

  For example, during overcharge or overdischarge, the control signals CO and DO are set to a high level, and the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a are turned off.

  The memory 317 includes a RAM and a ROM, and includes, for example, an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) that is a nonvolatile memory. In the memory 317, the numerical value calculated by the control unit 310, the internal resistance value of the battery in the initial state of each nonaqueous electrolyte battery 301a measured in the manufacturing process, and the like are stored in advance, and can be appropriately rewritten. is there. (In addition, by storing the full charge capacity of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery 301a, for example, the remaining capacity can be calculated together with the control unit 310.

  The temperature detection unit 318 measures the temperature using the temperature detection element 308, performs charge / discharge control during abnormal heat generation, and performs correction in the calculation of the remaining capacity.

4). Fourth Embodiment In the fourth embodiment, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, and a power storage device each equipped with the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first and second embodiments and the battery pack according to the third embodiment. A device such as an apparatus will be described. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery and battery pack described in the second to third embodiments can be used to supply power to devices such as electronic devices, electric vehicles, and power storage devices.

  Examples of electronic devices include notebook computers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), mobile phones, cordless phones, video movies, digital still cameras, electronic books, electronic dictionaries, music players, radios, headphones, game consoles, navigation systems, Memory cards, pacemakers, hearing aids, power tools, electric shavers, refrigerators, air conditioners, TVs, stereos, water heaters, microwave ovens, dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, lighting equipment, toys, medical equipment, robots, road conditioners, traffic lights Etc.

  Further, examples of the electric vehicle include a railway vehicle, a golf cart, an electric cart, an electric vehicle (including a hybrid vehicle), and the like, and these are used as a driving power source or an auxiliary power source.

  Examples of the power storage device include a power storage power source for buildings such as houses or power generation facilities.

  Below, the specific example of the electrical storage system using the electrical storage apparatus to which the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of this technique is applied among the application examples mentioned above is demonstrated.

  This power storage system has the following configuration, for example. The first power storage system is a power storage system in which a power storage device is charged by a power generation device that generates power from renewable energy. The second power storage system is a power storage system that includes a power storage device and supplies power to an electronic device connected to the power storage device. The third power storage system is an electronic device that is supplied with power from the power storage device. These power storage systems are implemented as a system for efficiently supplying power in cooperation with an external power supply network.

  Further, the fourth power storage system includes an electric vehicle having a conversion device that receives power supplied from the power storage device and converts the power into a driving force of the vehicle, and a control device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the power storage device. It is. The fifth power storage system is a power system that includes a power information transmission / reception unit that transmits / receives signals to / from other devices via a network, and performs charge / discharge control of the power storage device described above based on information received by the transmission / reception unit. . The sixth power storage system is a power system that receives power from the power storage device described above or supplies power from the power generation device or the power network to the power storage device. Hereinafter, the power storage system will be described.

(4-1) Residential Power Storage System as an Application Example An example in which a power storage device using a nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology is applied to a residential power storage system will be described with reference to FIG. For example, in the power storage system 100 for the house 101, electric power is stored from the centralized power system 102 such as the thermal power generation 102a, the nuclear power generation 102b, and the hydroelectric power generation 102c through the power network 109, the information network 112, the smart meter 107, the power hub 108, and the like. Supplied to the device 103. At the same time, power is supplied to the power storage device 103 from an independent power source such as the home power generation device 104. The electric power supplied to the power storage device 103 is stored. Electric power used in the house 101 is fed using the power storage device 103. The same power storage system can be used not only for the house 101 but also for buildings.

  The house 101 is provided with a power generation device 104, a power consumption device 105, a power storage device 103, a control device 110 that controls each device, a smart meter 107, and a sensor 111 that acquires various types of information. Each device is connected by a power network 109 and an information network 112. As the power generation device 104, a solar cell, a fuel cell, or the like is used, and the generated power is supplied to the power consumption device 105 and / or the power storage device 103. The power consuming device 105 is a refrigerator 105a, an air conditioner 105b, a television receiver 105c, a bath 105d, and the like. Furthermore, the electric power consumption device 105 includes an electric vehicle 106. The electric vehicle 106 is an electric vehicle 106a, a hybrid car 106b, and an electric motorcycle 106c.

  The nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology is applied to the power storage device 103. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology may be constituted by, for example, the above-described lithium ion secondary battery. The smart meter 107 has a function of measuring the usage amount of commercial power and transmitting the measured usage amount to an electric power company. The power network 109 may be one or a combination of DC power supply, AC power supply, and non-contact power supply.

  The various sensors 111 are, for example, human sensors, illuminance sensors, object detection sensors, power consumption sensors, vibration sensors, contact sensors, temperature sensors, infrared sensors, and the like. Information acquired by various sensors 111 is transmitted to the control device 110. Based on the information from the sensor 111, the weather condition, the human condition, etc. can be grasped, and the power consumption device 105 can be automatically controlled to minimize the energy consumption. Furthermore, the control device 110 can transmit information regarding the house 101 to an external power company or the like via the Internet.

  The power hub 108 performs processing such as branching of power lines and DC / AC conversion. Communication methods of the information network 112 connected to the control device 110 include a method using a communication interface such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transceiver), wireless communication such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi. There is a method of using a sensor network according to the standard. The Bluetooth method is applied to multimedia communication and can perform one-to-many connection communication. ZigBee uses the physical layer of IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.15.4. IEEE 802.15.4 is the name of a short-range wireless network standard called PAN (Personal Area Network) or W (Wireless) PAN.

  The control device 110 is connected to an external server 113. The server 113 may be managed by any one of the house 101, the power company, and the service provider. The information transmitted and received by the server 113 is, for example, information related to power consumption information, life pattern information, power charges, weather information, natural disaster information, and power transactions. These pieces of information may be transmitted / received from a power consuming device in the home (for example, a television receiver), but may be transmitted / received from a device outside the home (for example, a mobile phone). Such information may be displayed on a device having a display function, such as a television receiver, a mobile phone, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistants).

  The control device 110 that controls each unit includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like, and is stored in the power storage device 103 in this example. The control device 110 is connected to the power storage device 103, the power generation device 104, the power consumption device 105, the various sensors 111, the server 113 and the information network 112, and has a function of adjusting, for example, the amount of commercial power used and the power generation amount. Have. In addition, you may provide the function etc. which carry out an electric power transaction in an electric power market.

  As described above, the electric power can be stored not only in the centralized power system 102 such as the thermal power 102a, the nuclear power 102b, and the hydropower 102c but also in the power storage device 103 from the power generation device 104 (solar power generation, wind power generation). Therefore, even if the generated power of the power generation device 104 fluctuates, it is possible to perform control such that the amount of power transmitted to the outside is constant or discharge is performed as necessary. For example, the electric power obtained by solar power generation is stored in the power storage device 103, and midnight power with a low charge is stored in the power storage device 103 at night, and the power stored by the power storage device 103 is discharged during a high daytime charge. You can also use it.

  In this example, the example in which the control device 110 is stored in the power storage device 103 has been described. However, the control device 110 may be stored in the smart meter 107 or may be configured independently. Furthermore, the power storage system 100 may be used for a plurality of homes in an apartment house, or may be used for a plurality of detached houses.

(4-2) Power Storage System in Vehicle as Application Example An example in which the present technology is applied to a power storage system for a vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 schematically shows an example of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle that employs a series hybrid system to which the present technology is applied. A series hybrid system is a car that runs on an electric power driving force conversion device using electric power generated by a generator driven by an engine or electric power once stored in a battery.

  The hybrid vehicle 200 includes an engine 201, a generator 202, a power driving force conversion device 203, driving wheels 204a, driving wheels 204b, wheels 205a, wheels 205b, a battery 208, a vehicle control device 209, various sensors 210, and a charging port 211. Is installed. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology described above is applied to the battery 208.

  The hybrid vehicle 200 runs using the power driving force conversion device 203 as a power source. An example of the power driving force conversion device 203 is a motor. The electric power / driving force converter 203 is operated by the electric power of the battery 208, and the rotational force of the electric power / driving force converter 203 is transmitted to the driving wheels 204a and 204b. In addition, by using a direct current-alternating current (DC-AC) or reverse conversion (AC-DC conversion) where necessary, the power driving force conversion device 203 can be applied to either an alternating current motor or a direct current motor. The various sensors 210 control the engine speed via the vehicle control device 209 and control the opening (throttle opening) of a throttle valve (not shown). The various sensors 210 include a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, an engine speed sensor, and the like.

  The rotational force of the engine 201 is transmitted to the generator 202, and the electric power generated by the generator 202 by the rotational force can be stored in the battery 208.

  When the hybrid vehicle 200 decelerates by a braking mechanism (not shown), the resistance force at the time of deceleration is applied as a rotational force to the power driving force conversion device 203, and the regenerative electric power generated by the power driving force conversion device 203 by this rotational force is used as the battery 208. Accumulated in.

  The battery 208 can be connected to a power source external to the hybrid vehicle 200 to receive power supply from the external power source using the charging port 211 as an input port and store the received power.

  Although not shown, an information processing apparatus that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be provided. As such an information processing apparatus, for example, there is an information processing apparatus that displays a battery remaining amount based on information on the remaining amount of the battery.

  In addition, the above demonstrated as an example the series hybrid vehicle which drive | works with a motor using the electric power generated with the generator driven by an engine, or the electric power once stored in the battery. However, the present technology is also effective for a parallel hybrid vehicle in which the engine and motor outputs are both driving sources, and the system is switched between the three modes of driving with only the engine, driving with the motor, and engine and motor. Applicable. Furthermore, the present technology can be effectively applied to a so-called electric vehicle that travels only by a drive motor without using an engine.

  Hereinafter, the present technology will be described in detail by way of examples. In addition, the structure of this technique is not limited to the following Example.

<Example 1>
[Production of positive electrode]
95% by mass of lithium cobaltate (LiCoO ₂ ) as a positive electrode active material, 2% by mass of graphite as a conductive agent, and 3% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as a binder are mixed to form a positive electrode mixture. The positive electrode mixture slurry was obtained by dispersing the agent in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Next, this positive electrode mixture slurry is uniformly applied to both sides of a 15 μm-thick strip-like aluminum (Al) foil that is a positive electrode current collector, dried, and then compression-molded with a roll press machine to form a positive electrode active material layer Formed. At this time, the positive electrode mixture slurry was applied so as to form a positive electrode current collector exposed portion at each of the winding start side end and the winding end side end of the strip-shaped aluminum foil. Finally, an aluminum (Al) positive electrode lead was welded and attached to one end of the exposed positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode.

[Production of negative electrode]
A negative electrode active material was mixed with 96% by weight of graphite powder, 2 parts by weight of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) as a binder, and 2% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener to form a negative electrode mixture. The agent was dispersed in ion-exchanged water to obtain a negative electrode mixture slurry. Next, this negative electrode mixture slurry is uniformly applied to both sides of a negative electrode current collector 8 μm thick strip-like copper (Cu) foil, dried, and then compression molded by a roll press to form a negative electrode active material layer Formed. At this time, the negative electrode mixture slurry was applied so as to form a negative electrode current collector exposed portion at each of the winding start side end and the winding end side end of the strip-shaped copper foil. Finally, a negative electrode lead made of nickel (Ni) was welded to one end of the exposed negative electrode current collector to form a negative electrode.

[Preparation of separator]
Alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) particles having an average particle size of 0.5 μm (AKP-3000 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., alumina content of 99.995 wt% or more) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) having a mass average molecular weight of about 1 million Are mixed in a mass ratio of 9: 1, dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, and stirred using a bead mill to obtain a resin slurry.

  Next, the resin slurry was applied with a thickness of 30 μm to one surface of a 12 μm-thick belt-like polyethylene microporous membrane (manufactured by TonenGeneral Sekiyu KK) as a base material using a desktop coater. Subsequently, the polyethylene microporous film coated with the resin slurry was immersed in a water bath for 15 minutes to phase separate polyvinylidene fluoride, and then dried with hot air to form a resin layer. In addition, a heat-resistant layer was formed on the other surface of the substrate by the same method. As a result, a separator having a thickness of 16 μm having a resin layer carrying alumina on the surface was obtained.

  In addition, the polyethylene microporous film as a base material had a length such that the separator was wound around the outermost periphery of the wound electrode body when it was laminated and wound together with the positive electrode and the negative electrode to form a wound electrode body. In Example 1, as will be described later, in the wound electrode body, the electrode positioned on the outer peripheral side is the negative electrode, and the separator has a length that is 55 mm longer from the winding termination portion of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. did.

[Adjustment of non-aqueous electrolyte]
Ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed at a mass ratio EC: DMC: EMC = 30: 40: 30 to make a non-aqueous solvent, and then an electrolyte salt was added to the non-aqueous solvent. As a non-aqueous electrolyte, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) was dissolved at a concentration of 1.0 mol / kg.

[Battery assembly]
The positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode are laminated in the order of the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator. A wound electrode body was formed by fixing the part with an adhesive tape. At this time, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.30 mm, and the separator was excessively wound around the outermost periphery of the wound electrode body by about one turn.

  The average element diameter of the wound electrode body was measured while rotating the outer diameter of the central portion of the wound electrode body by 360 °, and was calculated from the average value of the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the measurement results. The center part outer diameter of the wound electrode body was measured using a height gauge (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation, Digimatic Height Gauge HDM-AX).

  Next, the positive electrode lead was bonded to the safety valve bonded to the battery lid, and the negative electrode lead was connected to the negative electrode can. After the wound electrode body was sandwiched between a pair of insulating plates and housed inside the battery can, a center pin was inserted into the center of the wound electrode body.

  Subsequently, a non-aqueous electrolyte was injected into the battery can from above the insulating plate. Finally, a safety valve mechanism including a safety valve, a disk holder, and a shut-off disk, a PTC element, and a battery lid were sealed in the open portion of the battery can by caulking through an insulating sealing gasket. As a result, a cylindrical battery having a battery shape of ICR18650 conforming to JIS C8711 and a battery capacity of 2800 mAh was produced.

<Example 2>
A cylindrical battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the separator was 110 mm longer from the winding end of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. In Example 2, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.38 mm, and the separator was excessively wound on the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by about two turns.

<Example 3>
A cylindrical battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the separator was set to be 210 mm longer from the winding end of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. In Example 3, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.46 mm, and the separator was excessively wound on the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by less than 4 turns.

<Example 4>
Cylindrical battery as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the negative electrode current collector is 10 μm and the length of the separator is 110 mm longer than the winding end portion of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. Was made. In Example 4, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.48 mm, and the separator was excessively wound on the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by about two turns.

<Comparative Example 1>
A cylindrical battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the separator was set to be 10 mm longer from the winding end of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. In Comparative Example 1, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.22 mm, and the separator was excessively wound around the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by about 1/5.

<Comparative Example 2>
A cylindrical battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the length of the separator was set to be 410 mm longer from the winding end portion of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. In Comparative Example 2, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.68 mm, and the separator was excessively wound around the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by about 7.5 turns.

<Comparative Example 3>
Cylindrical battery as in Example 1, except that the thickness of the negative electrode current collector is 12 μm and the length of the separator is 110 mm longer than the winding end portion of the negative electrode in the wound electrode body. Was made. In Example 4, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body was 17.48 mm, and the separator was excessively wound on the outer periphery of the wound electrode body by about two turns.

[Battery evaluation]
(A) Cyclic performance evaluation After carrying out constant current charge of the cylindrical battery of each Example and each comparative example in a 23 degreeC atmosphere until the battery voltage became 4.3V with the charge current of 0.7 C, battery voltage A constant voltage charge was performed at 4.3 V, and the charge was terminated when the charge current reached 50 mA. This fully charged cylindrical battery was stored at 45 ° C. for 2 hours. Subsequently, constant current discharge was performed until the battery voltage reached 3.0V.

Subsequently, constant current charging is performed at a charging current of 0.7 C until the battery voltage reaches 4.3 V, then constant voltage charging is performed at a battery voltage of 4.3 V, and charging is performed when the charging current reaches 50 mA. The discharge capacity when discharging at constant current at a final voltage of 3.0 V was measured as the initial discharge capacity. Subsequently, 500 charge / discharge cycles under the same charge / discharge conditions were performed, and the discharge capacity at the 500th cycle was measured as the discharge capacity at the 500th cycle. The deterioration rate after 500 cycles was calculated from the following formula.
Deterioration rate after 500 cycles [%] = {1− (discharge capacity at 500th cycle / initial discharge capacity)} × 100

(B) Evaluation of electrode breakage Cylindrical batteries of Examples and Comparative Examples were charged at a constant current in a 23 ° C. atmosphere at a charging current of 0.7 C until the battery voltage became 4.3 V, and then the battery voltage A constant voltage charge was performed at 4.3 V, and the charge was terminated when the charge current reached 50 mA. This fully charged cylindrical battery was stored at 45 ° C. for 2 hours. Subsequently, constant current discharge was performed until the battery voltage reached 3.0V.

  Subsequently, constant current charging is performed until the battery voltage reaches 4.4 V (0.1 V overcharged state) at a charging current of 0.7 C, and then constant voltage charging is performed at a battery voltage of 4.4 V. Charging was terminated when the current reached 50 mA, and 20 charge / discharge cycles were performed for constant current discharge at a final voltage of 3.0 V. Thereafter, the cylindrical battery was disassembled and the wound electrode body was unwound to confirm the presence or absence of electrode breakage. In the evaluation of electrode breakage, the number of broken electrodes was confirmed for five cylindrical batteries for each example and comparative example, and the occurrence rate of electrode breakage was calculated.

  Table 1 below shows the evaluation results.

  As can be seen from Table 1, the separator surplus length at the outermost peripheral part of the electrode winding electrode body is in the range of 55 mm to 210 mm, that is, in an ICR18650 size cylindrical battery, the surplus separator has one round at the outermost peripheral part of the winding electrode body. When the winding is controlled to be wound less than 4 times, both cycle deterioration and electrode breakage can be suppressed. This is because a cushioning property is imparted between the outermost peripheral part of the wound electrode body and the battery can, so that when the wound electrode body expands due to the expansion of the negative electrode active material layer, the outer peripheral side portion of the wound electrode body It is thought that this is because it is possible to suppress the pressure from being pressed by the battery can.

  On the other hand, in the wound type battery in which the separator surplus length shown in Comparative Example 1 was 10 mm, electrode breakage occurred remarkably. This is because the entire area of the outermost peripheral part of the wound electrode body is not covered with the surplus separator, so that the cushioning property at the outermost peripheral part of the wound electrode body is not sufficient, and stress is applied to the wound electrode body. it is conceivable that.

  On the other hand, in the wound type battery in which the separator surplus length shown in Comparative Example 2 was extended to 410 mm, although electrode breakage did not occur, the deterioration occurred remarkably. This is considered to be because the average element diameter of the wound electrode body becomes too large due to the excess separator, so that the stress applied to the entire wound electrode body becomes too high during electrode expansion. In each example and comparative example of the present technology, since the battery capacity of the wound battery is designed to be the same, the larger the excess separator, the smaller the clearance between the wound electrode body and the battery can. turn into.

  Furthermore, in the wound type battery having a negative electrode current collector thickness of 12 μm shown in Comparative Example 3, although the electrode breakage does not occur, the active material layer becomes thicker in order to design a predetermined battery capacity, resulting in deterioration during the cycle. The rate has increased. This is presumably because the electrode current breakage is less likely to occur as the negative electrode current collector becomes thicker, but the average element diameter of the wound electrode body is increased and the stress on the wound electrode body is increased.

  Further, from Comparative Example 1, when a thin negative electrode current collector is used, the battery runs out significantly. However, in each example using the wound electrode body of the present technology, the negative electrode current collector thickness is set to the conventional thickness. It was able to be set as the out-of-battery occurrence rate equivalent to the comparative example 3.

  In general, a thicker current collector is preferable because it is harder to cut. On the other hand, the current collector that does not contribute to the battery reaction itself is preferably as thin as possible from the viewpoint of volume efficiency. As in the present technology, from the viewpoint of volume efficiency, when a thin current collector that is generally easy to cut is used, by providing cushioning to the outer periphery of the wound electrode body with an excess separator, cycle characteristics can be improved. The effects of both maintenance and suppression of electrode breakage can be obtained. Further, in the present technology, since the stress applied to the electrode can be relaxed, it is possible to use a thin current collector, and from the viewpoint that stress during electrode expansion is less likely to be applied, the average element diameter of the wound electrode body It is preferable to use a thin current collector capable of reducing the current.

  While the present technology has been described with reference to the embodiment and examples, the present technology is not limited to the above-described embodiment and examples, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the embodiments and examples described above, the secondary battery having a winding structure has been described. However, the present technology is applied to a secondary battery having a structure in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are folded or stacked. A cushioning property for the electrode body can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment and Example, although the case where a non-aqueous electrolyte or gel electrolyte was used was demonstrated, this technique is applicable also when using any form of non-aqueous electrolyte. Examples of other forms of non-aqueous electrolyte include an all-solid electrolyte that does not contain a non-aqueous electrolyte.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiments and examples, a so-called lithium ion secondary battery in which the capacity of the negative electrode is represented by a capacity component due to insertion and extraction of lithium has been described. The capacity of the negative electrode used is a so-called lithium metal secondary battery whose capacity is represented by the deposition and dissolution of lithium, or the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium is more charged than the positive electrode. The same applies to a secondary battery in which the capacity of the negative electrode includes a capacity component due to insertion and extraction of lithium and a capacity component due to precipitation and dissolution of lithium, and is expressed by the sum thereof, by reducing the capacity. be able to.

  In the above embodiments and examples, a battery using lithium as an electrode reactant has been described. However, another alkali metal such as sodium (Na) or potassium (K), or an alkali such as magnesium or calcium (Ca) is used. The present technology can also be applied to the case of using an earth metal or another light metal such as aluminum.

In addition, this technique can also take the following structures.
[1]
A positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material is formed on at least one surface of a belt-like positive electrode current collector, and a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material on at least one surface of the belt-like negative electrode current collector A negative electrode on which an active material layer is formed, a wound electrode body laminated and wound via a separator,
A non-aqueous electrolyte,
An outer can containing the wound electrode body and the non-aqueous electrolyte;
The wound electrode body is
The winding termination portion of the separator located on the outer peripheral portion of the wound electrode body is longer than the winding termination portion of either the positive electrode or the negative electrode located on the outer peripheral side of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Formed,
The non-aqueous electrolyte battery in which the outermost peripheral portion of the wound electrode body is wound by the separator at least one turn and less than four turns on the outer circumference of the wound electrode body.
[2]
The battery shape is ICR18650 conforming to JIS C8711,
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [1], wherein the thickness of the negative electrode current collector is 8 μm or more and 10 μm or less.
[3]
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [2], wherein the negative electrode current collector is made of a copper foil.
[4]
When the average element diameter of the wound electrode body is L, the positive electrode or the negative electrode located on the outer peripheral side of the positive electrode and the negative electrode from the winding end portion of the separator in the wound electrode body The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein a distance Y to any one of the winding end portions is represented by the following formula (1).
3.1L <Y <12.5L Formula (1)
[5]
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the separator has a thickness of 12 μm to 20 μm.
[6]
The separator is
A substrate made of a non-woven fabric or a microporous resin film mainly composed of a resin material;
The surface layer according to any one of [1] to [5], comprising a surface layer having a three-dimensional network structure including at least one of a heat-resistant resin and an oxidation-resistant resin formed on at least one surface of the substrate. Non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
[7]
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [6], wherein the surface layer contains inorganic particles.
[8]
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [1],
A control unit for controlling the non-aqueous electrolyte battery;
A battery pack having an exterior enclosing the non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
[9]
Having the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [1],
An electronic device that receives power from the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
[10]
The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [1],
A conversion device that receives supply of electric power from the nonaqueous electrolyte battery and converts it into driving force of a vehicle;
An electric vehicle comprising: a control device that performs information processing relating to vehicle control based on information relating to the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
[11]
Having the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to [1],
A power storage device that supplies electric power to an electronic device connected to the non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
[12]
The power storage device according to [11], including a power information control device that transmits and receives signals to and from other devices via a network, and performing charge / discharge control of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery based on information received by the power information control device.
[13]
The electric power system which receives supply of electric power from the nonaqueous electrolyte battery as described in [1], or supplies electric power to the nonaqueous electrolyte battery from a power generator or a power network.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Non-aqueous electrolyte battery, 11 ... Battery can, 12a, 12b ... Insulation board, 13 ... Battery cover, 14 ... Safety valve, 14a ... Projection part, 15 ... Disc holder, 16 ... Blocking disc, 16a ... Hole, 17 ... Heat sensitive resistor, 18 ... gasket, 19 ... sub disk, 20 ... wound electrode body, 21 ... positive electrode, 21A ... positive electrode current collector, 21B ... positive electrode active material layer, 21C ... positive electrode current collector exposed portion, 21E ... Positive electrode winding end portion, 22 ... negative electrode, 22A ... negative electrode current collector, 22B ... negative electrode active material layer, 22C ... negative electrode current collector exposed portion, 22E ... negative electrode winding end portion, 23 ... separator, 23A ... separator, 23B ... separator, 23L ... surplus separator, 23a ... base material, 23b ... surface layer, 24 ... center pin, 25 ... positive electrode lead, 26 ... negative electrode lead, 27 ... fixing member, 30 ... nonaqueous electrolyte battery, 31 ... outer can, 3 ... Battery cover, 33 ... Electrode pin, 34 ... Insulator, 35 ... Through hole, 36 ... Internal pressure release mechanism, 36a ... First opening groove, 36b ... Second opening groove, 37 ... Electrolyte injection port, 38 ... Sealing member, 40 ... wound electrode body, 41 ... positive electrode terminal, 100 ... power storage system, 101 ... home, 102a ... thermal power generation, 102b ... nuclear power generation, 102c ... hydroelectric power generation, 102 ... centralized power system, 103 ... power storage Device, 104 ... Power generation device, 105 ... Power consumption device, 105a ... Refrigerator, 105b ... Air conditioning device, 105c ... Television receiver, 105d ... Bath, 106 ... Electric vehicle, 106a ... Electric car, 106b ... Hybrid car, 106c ... Electric motorcycle 107 ... Smart meter 108 ... Power hub 109 ... Power network 110 ... Control device 111 ... Sensor 112 ... Information network 113 ... Sir DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 200 ... Hybrid vehicle, 201 ... Engine, 202 ... Generator, 203 ... Electric power driving force converter, 204a, 204b ... Driving wheel, 205a, 205b ... Wheel, 208 ... Battery, 209 ... Vehicle control device, 210 ... Various sensors , 211 ... charging port, 301 ... assembled battery, 301a ... secondary battery, 302a ... charge control switch, 302b ... diode, 303a ... discharge control switch, 303b ... diode, 304 ... switch part, 307 ... current detection resistor, 308 ... Temperature detection element, 310 ... control unit, 311 ... voltage detection unit, 313 ... current measurement unit, 314 ... switch control unit, 317 ... memory, 318 ... temperature detection unit, 321 ... positive electrode terminal, 322 ... negative electrode terminal

Claims (40)

A positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a strip-shaped positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the strip-shaped negative electrode current collector via a separator. A wound electrode body laminated and wound with
Electrolyte,
An exterior body containing the wound electrode body and the electrolyte;
Of the wound electrode body, starting from the position corresponding to the electrode winding termination part of either the positive electrode or the negative electrode located on the outer peripheral side, the separator outside the electrode winding termination part , 1 round or more and less than 4 rounds, it is wound longer than this electrode winding termination part,
A secondary battery in which a resin layer containing inorganic particles or a resin layer not containing inorganic particles is provided between at least one of the base material of the separator and the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the negative electrode current collector is 8 μm or more and 10 μm or less. The negative electrode current collector has a thickness of 8 μm or more and 10 μm or less,
Of the wound electrode body, the length of the separator outside the electrode winding end portion, starting from a position corresponding to the electrode winding end portion of either the positive electrode or the negative electrode located on the outer peripheral side. Is 53 mm or more and 220 mm or less
The secondary battery according to claim 1. The negative electrode current collector has a thickness of 8 μm.
The secondary battery according to claim 1 or 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode current collector is made of copper foil, nickel foil, or stainless steel (SUS). The negative electrode current collector is an electrolytic copper foil
The secondary battery according to claim 1. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a base material of the separator is made of a microporous resin film . The base material of the separator is made of nonwoven fabric.
The secondary battery according to claim 1. The resin layer is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoro. Fluorine-containing rubber such as ethylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer and its hydride, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer and its hydride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and its hydride, methacrylate ester-acrylic Acid ester copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, acrylonitrile-acrylic acid ester copolymer, rubbers such as ethylene propylene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, ethyl cellulose Methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, polyphenylene ether, either the polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, claim 1 comprising at least one member selected from polyamide and polyester 8 A secondary battery according to any one of the above. The resin layer is, the secondary battery according to claim 1 is provided between the substrate and the positive electrode of the separator 9. The inorganic particles are alumina, magnesia, titania, zirconia, silica, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, titanium nitride, claim 1 containing at least one kind of inorganic particles selected from silicon carbide and boron carbide 10 The secondary battery in any one of. The average particle diameter of primary particles of the inorganic particles, the secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is 50% or less of the thickness of the resin layer. The inorganic particles are alumina, and the average particle size of the primary particles is 50% or less with respect to the thickness of the resin layer.
The secondary battery according to claim 1. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein an average particle size of primary particles of the inorganic particles is 1 nm or more and 1.0 µm or less. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein an electrochemical equivalent of the negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode active material layer is larger than an electrochemical equivalent of the positive electrode. The exterior body includes an exterior can and a battery lid,
At least one of the outer can and the battery lid, the secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which is formed by metal. The secondary battery according to claim 16 , wherein the metal is composed of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), stainless steel (SUS), aluminum (Al), or titanium (Ti). The exterior body includes an exterior can and a battery lid,
The battery lid is provided with an electrolyte inlet
The secondary battery according to claim 1. The secondary battery according to claim 16 , wherein a conductive paint is applied to an inner surface of the outer can. The peripheral surface of the outer can, the secondary battery according to any one of claims 16 Ru Tei covered with an outer label 19. An insulating paint is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the outer can.
The secondary battery according to claim 16. The positive electrode current collector connected to the positive terminal, and a negative terminal connected to the negative electrode current collector, any one of claims 16, which is led in the axial direction of the one end of the wound electrode body 21 of the Secondary battery described in 1. An electrode pin is provided in the approximate center of the battery lid,
The secondary battery according to claim 22 , wherein the positive terminal is connected to a lower end of the electrode pin. The secondary battery according to claim 22 or 23 , wherein a negative electrode terminal connected to the negative electrode current collector is connected to an inner surface of the outer can. The aforementioned battery cover, when the pressure in the outer can has risen above a predetermined value, from the claims 16 to internal pressure release mechanism is provided for releasing the internal pressure to the outside by breaking a part of the battery lid The secondary battery according to any one of 24 . The internal pressure release mechanism is
Two first opening grooves linearly extending in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the battery lid;
26. The second opening groove according to claim 25 , wherein the battery cover includes a second opening groove extending in a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the battery lid and having both ends communicated with the two first opening grooves. Secondary battery. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 16 to 26 , wherein a safety valve mechanism is provided inside the battery lid. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 27 , wherein a surface of the negative electrode current collector is roughened. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein a negative electrode current collector exposed portion is provided on an outer peripheral side surface of the wound electrode body. 30. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 29 , wherein the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector have a current collector facing portion facing each other through the separator over one circumference. Of the wound electrode body, starting from the position corresponding to the electrode winding termination part of either the positive electrode or the negative electrode located on the outer peripheral side, the separator outside the electrode winding termination part , The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 30 , wherein the secondary battery is wound more than one turn and less than three turns longer than the electrode winding end portion. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 31 , wherein a winding end portion of the wound electrode body is fixed with an adhesive tape. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 32 , wherein a thermal resistance element (PTC element) is provided inside the outer package. An assembled battery in which the plurality of secondary batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 33 are connected in series and / or in parallel. A secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 33 ;
A control unit for controlling the secondary battery;
A battery pack having an exterior that encloses the secondary battery. A secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 33 ,
An electronic device that receives power from the secondary battery. A secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 33 ;
A converter for converting the driving force of the vehicle supplied with electric power from the upper Symbol secondary battery,
An electric vehicle having a control device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the secondary battery. A secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 33 ,
A power storage device that supplies electric power to an electronic device connected to the secondary battery. The power storage device according to claim 38 , further comprising a power information control device that transmits and receives signals to and from other devices via a network, and performing charge / discharge control of the secondary battery based on information received by the power information control device. 34. A power system that receives power from the secondary battery according to claim 1 or that supplies power to the secondary battery from a power generation device or a power network.

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