JP5912974B2 - Work vehicle - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP5912974B2
JP5912974B2 JP2012170106A JP2012170106A JP5912974B2 JP 5912974 B2 JP5912974 B2 JP 5912974B2 JP 2012170106 A JP2012170106 A JP 2012170106A JP 2012170106 A JP2012170106 A JP 2012170106A JP 5912974 B2 JP5912974 B2 JP 5912974B2
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wheel
steering shaft
rear wheel
case
front wheel
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JP2014028582A (en
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二宮 浩二
浩二 二宮
永井 真人
真人 永井
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Iseki and Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2012170106A priority Critical patent/JP5912974B2/en
Priority to CN201320396213.1U priority patent/CN203528590U/en
Priority to CN201320396231.XU priority patent/CN203585276U/en
Priority to CN201310278260.0A priority patent/CN103523075B/en
Priority to CN201320396107.3U priority patent/CN203410242U/en
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Description

本発明は、農用トラクタ、乗用管理機などの作業車両に関し、特に操舵用車輪の支持構成の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a work vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or a riding management machine, and more particularly to an improvement in a support structure of a steering wheel.

従来、下端部に車輪を軸装するファイナルケースを縦に長く構成し、最低地上高さをできるだけ高く設定する農用作業車両がある。このような農用作業車両において、アクスルハウジングに操向軸ケースを介して前記ファイナルケースを上下方向の操向軸芯回りに操向回動自在に軸支し、ファイナルケース上部と操向軸ケース上部にあって操向軸と同軸芯回りに回動可能に設ける回動部材の間を連結部材で連結し、この連結部材に操舵シリンダー機構に連結するナックルアームやタイロッドを連結する連動アームを設けている(特許文献1)。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is an agricultural work vehicle in which a final case having a wheel mounted at the lower end is configured to be long and the minimum ground height is set as high as possible. In such an agricultural work vehicle, the final case is pivotally supported around the steering shaft core in the vertical direction through the steering shaft case on the axle housing, and the final case upper portion and the steering shaft case upper portion are supported. In this case, a rotating member provided so as to be rotatable around the steering shaft and a coaxial core is connected by a connecting member, and a knuckle arm connected to the steering cylinder mechanism and an interlocking arm for connecting a tie rod are provided to this connecting member. (Patent Document 1).

また、前輪の操舵方向に対して後輪を逆位相に連動し旋回半径を小さくする構成が公知である(特許文献2〜4)。   In addition, a configuration is known in which the rear wheels are interlocked with the opposite phase with respect to the steering direction of the front wheels to reduce the turning radius (Patent Documents 2 to 4).

特許第3114207号公報Japanese Patent No. 3114207 特開昭61−44072号公報JP 61-44072 A 実公昭29−4015号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 29-4015 特公昭37−2362号公報Japanese Patent Publication No.37-2362

しかしながら、特許文献1に示す作業車両では、連結部材にナックルアームや連動アームを連結するため、操向連動時に連結部材に押し引きの操舵荷重が加わるためその強度を確保するための構成が必要となり、軽量化や低コスト化を阻害するものであった。   However, in the work vehicle shown in Patent Document 1, since the knuckle arm and the interlocking arm are connected to the connecting member, a push / pull steering load is applied to the connecting member at the time of steering interlocking, so that a configuration for securing the strength is required. This hinders weight reduction and cost reduction.

この発明は、上記に鑑み、特に最低地上高を大きく確保する必要のある農作業車両の連結部材を上下に長く構成する軽量かつ廉価な操舵用車輪の支持構成を得ようとし、併せて前後輪の操舵連結構成を合理化して構成の簡素化を図ろうとする。   In view of the above, the present invention seeks to obtain a lightweight and inexpensive steering wheel support structure in which a connecting member of a farm vehicle that needs to secure a large minimum ground clearance is formed vertically, and the front and rear wheels are combined. It tries to streamline the steering connection configuration and simplify the configuration.

上記目的を達成するために、第1の本発明は、
走行車体(2)と、該走行車体(2)の下方に設けられ、左右一対の前輪(3)へ駆動力を伝達するための前車軸(50)を内装するフロントアクスルハウジング(51)と、フロントアクスルハウジング(51)の両端部に連結され上下方向の前輪用操向軸(55)を備える前輪用操向軸ケース(54)と、前輪軸(66)を備え前輪用操向軸ケース(54)の下部側に嵌合して前輪用操向軸(55)を中心に回動可能なファイナルケース(59)と、前輪用操向軸ケース(54)の頂部に設けられて前輪用操向軸(55)軸芯まわりに回動自在の前輪用回動部材(62)と、前輪用回動部材(62)と前輪用ファイナルケース(59)を連結する前輪用連結部材(63)を備え、前輪用連結部材(63)の上下途中部には前輪用操向軸ケース(54)に外嵌する前輪用環状部(63a)を設け、
前輪用環状部(63a)には、操舵シリンダー機構(70)のピストンロッド(71)に連動するナックルアーム(64)を取付け、
前輪用回動部材(62)に設ける前輪用連動アーム(65)に後輪(4)を操舵するための前後タイロッド(82)を連結し
左右一対の後輪(4)へ駆動力を伝達するための後車軸(92)を内装するリヤアクスルハウジング(88)と、リヤアクスルハウジング(88)の両端部に連結され、上下方向の後輪用操向軸(87)を備える後輪用操向軸ケース(86)と、後輪軸(94)を備え後輪用操向軸ケース(86)の下部側に嵌合して後輪用操向軸(87)を中心に回動可能な後輪用ファイナルケース(93)と、後輪用操向軸ケース(86)の頂部に設けられて後輪用操向軸(87)軸芯まわりに回動自在の後輪用回動部材(80)と、後輪用回動部材(80)と後輪用ファイナルケース(93)を連結する後輪用連結部材(89)を備え、後輪用連結部材(89)の上下途中部には後輪用操向軸ケース(86)に外嵌する後輪用環状部(89a)を設け、
後輪用回動部材(80)に設ける後輪用連動アーム(81)に前後タイロッド(82)を連結し、
前輪(3)側の連動アーム(65)は走行車体(2)側内向きに延長して設け、一方後輪(4)の連動アーム(81)は走行車体(2)の外向きに延長して設け、前輪(3)の連動アーム(65)の先端部上側にボールジョイント(83)を突出し、後輪(4)の連動アーム(81)の先端部下側にボールジョイント(84)を突出し、これらボールジョイント(83,84)に前後タイロッド(82)の各端部を取り付ける作業車両とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the first present invention provides:
A front axle housing (51) that includes a traveling vehicle body (2) and a front axle (50) that is provided below the traveling vehicle body (2) and transmits a driving force to the pair of left and right front wheels (3); A front wheel steering shaft case (54) connected to both ends of the front axle housing (51) and including a front wheel steering shaft (55) in the vertical direction, and a front wheel steering shaft case including a front wheel shaft (66) ( 54) is fitted to the lower side of the front wheel steering shaft (55), and is provided at the top of the front wheel steering shaft case (54). A front wheel rotating member (62) rotatable around the axis of the direction axis (55), and a front wheel connecting member (63) for connecting the front wheel rotating member (62) and the front wheel final case (59). The front wheel steering shaft is disposed in the middle of the front wheel connecting member (63). Front-wheel annulus fitted around the scan (54) the (63a) is provided,
A knuckle arm (64) linked to the piston rod (71) of the steering cylinder mechanism (70) is attached to the annular portion for the front wheel (63a),
A front and rear tie rod (82) for steering the rear wheel (4) is connected to a front wheel interlocking arm (65) provided on the front wheel rotating member (62) ,
A rear axle housing (88) that houses a rear axle (92) for transmitting driving force to the pair of left and right rear wheels (4), and both ends of the rear axle housing (88) are connected to the rear wheel operation in the vertical direction. A rear wheel steering shaft case (86) having a direction shaft (87) and a rear wheel steering shaft case (86) having a rear wheel shaft (94) fitted to the lower side of the rear wheel steering shaft case (86). A rear wheel final case (93) that can be rotated about (87) and a rear wheel steering shaft case (86) are provided on top of the rear wheel steering shaft (87). A movable rear wheel turning member (80), a rear wheel turning member (80), and a rear wheel connecting member (89) for connecting the rear wheel final case (93) are provided. An annular part (89a) for the rear wheel that is fitted around the steering wheel case (86) for the rear wheel is provided in the middle part of the member (89).
The front and rear tie rods (82) are connected to the rear wheel interlocking arm (81) provided on the rear wheel rotating member (80),
The interlocking arm (65) on the front wheel (3) side extends inwardly on the traveling vehicle body (2) side, while the interlocking arm (81) on the rear wheel (4) extends outwardly on the traveling vehicle body (2). The ball joint (83) protrudes above the tip of the interlocking arm (65) of the front wheel (3), and the ball joint (84) protrudes below the tip of the interlocking arm (81) of the rear wheel (4). A work vehicle is provided in which the end portions of the front and rear tie rods (82) are attached to the ball joints (83, 84) .

従来、ナックルアームは、ファイナルケースからオフセットさせて取り付けるが、操向軸ケースの上部に設けた回動自在な回動部材か、連結部材に取り付けるかのどちらかであるため、最低地上高さHが高いと、ファイナルケースを回動させるための各部の構造体に曲げ応力が強くかかり破損し易いという問題がある。   Conventionally, the knuckle arm is mounted with an offset from the final case. However, since the knuckle arm is either a rotatable rotating member provided on the upper part of the steering shaft case or a connecting member, the minimum ground height H If it is high, there is a problem that the structure of each part for rotating the final case is subjected to strong bending stress and is easily damaged.

これに対して、本発明によれば、操向軸ケースに環状部を設け、環状部を連結部材の上下途中部に設けることで、タイロッド及びファイナルケースを回動させる為の連結部材に対して不要な曲げ応力をかけない様にすることが出来る。また、連結部材と環状部とが一体構成としたことによりこの構造体を少ない部品数で安価に構成出来る。また、環状部にナックルアームを配置することで高さの高い位置にナックルアーム及びこれを連動するタイロッドを構成でき、走行車体の最低地上高を確保できる。 On the other hand, according to the present invention , the steering shaft case is provided with an annular portion, and the annular portion is provided in the middle of the upper and lower portions of the connecting member, whereby the connecting member for rotating the tie rod and the final case is provided. Unnecessary bending stress can be prevented. Further, since the connecting member and the annular portion are integrated, this structure can be configured with a small number of parts at low cost. Further, by arranging the knuckle arm in the annular portion, the knuckle arm and the tie rod interlocking with the knuckle arm can be configured at a high position, and the minimum ground clearance of the traveling vehicle body can be secured.

また、前後タイロッド82は略水平姿勢となるため、最低地上高の高位置確保に有利であるとともに、薬液タンク9や昇降ステップ85など走行車体2を構成する構成体との干渉回避を容易化できる。 Further, since the front and rear tie rods 82 are in a substantially horizontal posture, it is advantageous for ensuring a high position of the lowest ground height, and it is possible to easily avoid interference with components constituting the traveling vehicle body 2 such as the chemical tank 9 and the lifting step 85. .

薬液散布作業車の全体側面図Whole side view of chemical spraying work vehicle 薬液散布作業車の正面図Front view of a chemical spraying vehicle 薬液散布作業車の背面図Rear view of chemical spraying work vehicle 薬液散布作業車の平面図Top view of a chemical spraying work vehicle 散布作業状態を示す正面図Front view showing spraying condition 伝動機構部の側断面図Side cross-sectional view of the transmission mechanism 伝動機構部の正面図Front view of transmission mechanism フロントアクスル及び操舵シリンダー機構の一部断面した平面図Plan view with partial cross section of front axle and steering cylinder mechanism 図8のA―A断面図AA sectional view of FIG. 左前輪伝動部の背断面図(A)、ファイナルケースの背面図(B)Rear cross-sectional view of left front wheel transmission section (A), rear view of final case (B) 操向軸ケースの平断面図(A)、連結部材の一部拡大図側面図Plan sectional view (A) of steering shaft case, partially enlarged side view of connecting member 左前輪側タイロッドとボールジョイントとの固定状態を示す概略背面図Schematic rear view showing the fixed state of the left front wheel tie rod and ball joint 前後輪の操舵及び連動状態を示す平面図Plan view showing steering and interlocking states of front and rear wheels 前後輪の操舵及び連動状態を示す側面図Side view showing steering and interlocking states of front and rear wheels 左後輪伝動部の背断面図Rear cross-sectional view of left rear wheel transmission

以下に、図面を参照しながら本発明の作業車両にかかる一実施形態としての薬液散布作業車について説明する。なお、左右一対の構成部材がある場合、符号Lは左側、符号Rは右側を指す。   Hereinafter, a chemical solution spraying vehicle as an embodiment of the working vehicle of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. When there is a pair of left and right components, the symbol L indicates the left side and the symbol R indicates the right side.

図1は、本発明にかかる薬液の散布作業車の側面図である。図2は、本発明にかかる薬液の散布作業車の正面図である。尚、これら図1、図2は、後述する左右散布ブームを走行車体の左右両側面に収納した状態を示す。一方図3は、本発明にかかる薬液の散布作業車が薬液を散布している状態を示す正面図である。   FIG. 1 is a side view of a working vehicle for spraying chemicals according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the chemical spraying work vehicle according to the present invention. 1 and 2 show a state in which left and right spraying booms, which will be described later, are housed on both left and right side surfaces of the traveling vehicle body. On the other hand, FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state where the chemical solution spraying vehicle according to the present invention is spraying the chemical solution.

図1、図2に示す通り、薬液の散布作業車1の走行車体2には左右一対の前輪3L,3R、と左右一対の後輪4L,4Rが設けられていて、走行車体2の前側部には防除散布装置11が取り付けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the traveling vehicle body 2 of the chemical spraying work vehicle 1 is provided with a pair of left and right front wheels 3L and 3R and a pair of left and right rear wheels 4L and 4R. Is attached with a control spraying device 11.

尚、図2に示す通り、本実施の形態1の薬液の散布作業車1では、最低地上高さHが高く、輪間距離(トレッド)Wが広く構成されている。
走行車体2の左右一対の前輪3L,3R間の上方には、ボンネット5で覆われたエンジンEが搭載されている。左右一対の前輪3L,3Rと左右一対の後輪4L,4Rの間の上方には操縦席6を設け、操縦席6の前方にハンドル7が設けられている。
As shown in FIG. 2, in the chemical solution spraying work vehicle 1 of the first embodiment, the minimum ground height H is high and the inter-wheel distance (tread) W is wide.
An engine E covered with a bonnet 5 is mounted above the pair of left and right front wheels 3L, 3R of the traveling vehicle body 2. A pilot seat 6 is provided above the pair of left and right front wheels 3L, 3R and the pair of left and right rear wheels 4L, 4R, and a handle 7 is provided in front of the pilot seat 6.

ハンドル7を左右に操舵すると、後述のように、左右一対の前輪3L,3R及び左右一対の後輪4L,4Rが同時に連動して逆位相に操舵され、小回り走行のできる四輪操舵構成としている。   When the steering wheel 7 is steered to the left and right, as will be described later, the pair of left and right front wheels 3L and 3R and the pair of left and right rear wheels 4L and 4R are simultaneously interlocked and steered in the opposite phase, so that a four-wheel steering configuration is possible. .

また、操縦席6の回りを取り囲むように薬液タンク9を着脱自在に設け、操縦席6の下方に防除ポンプ(図示せず)が設けられている。
また、図4に示す通り、防除散布装置11は機体前方に位置するセンター散布ブーム11Cと、センター散布ブーム11Cの左右両側に設けられた左・右サイド散布ブーム11L,11Rとで構成されている。
Further, a chemical tank 9 is detachably provided so as to surround the cockpit 6, and a control pump (not shown) is provided below the cockpit 6.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the control spraying device 11 includes a center spraying boom 11C located in front of the machine body, and left and right side spraying booms 11L and 11R provided on the left and right sides of the center spraying boom 11C. .

そして、防除散布装置11を昇降シリンダー15(図1参照)により昇降し、開閉レバー17L,17R(図4参照)により左・右サイド散布ブーム11L,11Rを夫々単独で左右に突出した散布作業状態(図5参照)と、走行車体2の両側方に沿わせた状態に収容する(図1〜図4参照)ように構成している。   The control spraying device 11 is moved up and down by the lifting cylinder 15 (see FIG. 1), and the left and right side spraying booms 11L and 11R are independently protruded left and right by the open / close levers 17L and 17R (see FIG. 4). (See FIG. 5) and the vehicle body 2 is housed in a state along both sides of the traveling vehicle body 2 (see FIGS. 1 to 4).

そして、薬液タンク9の薬液は図外防除ポンプにより防除散布装置11に送られ、センター散布ブーム11C及び左・右サイド散布ブーム11L,11Rに複数設けられた散布ノズル14,14…から、薬液が散布される(図1,5参照)。   And the chemical | medical solution of the chemical | medical solution tank 9 is sent to the control spraying apparatus 11 by a non-illustrated control pump, and the chemical liquid is supplied from the spray nozzles 14, 14 ... provided in the center spraying boom 11C and the left and right side spraying booms 11L, 11R. Scattered (see FIGS. 1 and 5).

次に、エンジンEの動力を受けて変速動力を各部に伝達する変速伝動機構について、図6及び図7に基づき説明する。エンジンEのクランク軸(図示せず)と同軸に支持された出力軸20と、ミッションケース21側変速入力軸22との間に主クラッチ23を介在する。この主クラッチ23は、多板クラッチ形態の公知の構成とされ、操縦席6下部のステップ部に配設したクラッチペダル23aの踏み込みによって常時接続状態の動力を切に連動する構成としている。   Next, a speed change transmission mechanism that receives power from the engine E and transmits the speed change power to each part will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. A main clutch 23 is interposed between the output shaft 20 supported coaxially with the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine E and the transmission case 21 side transmission input shaft 22. The main clutch 23 has a known configuration in the form of a multi-plate clutch, and is configured such that the power in the normally connected state is interlocked with each other by stepping on the clutch pedal 23 a disposed in the step portion below the cockpit 6.

前記主クラッチ23を経由した動力は、変速入力軸22を経てミッションケース21内の伝動機構を連動するが、このミッションケース21は、前後のケース部21f,21rを接合する構成であり、前後の軸受壁部に各種変速軸等を支持する構成としている。   The power passing through the main clutch 23 is linked to the transmission mechanism in the transmission case 21 via the speed change input shaft 22, and this transmission case 21 is configured to join the front and rear case portions 21f and 21r. Various transmission shafts are supported on the bearing wall.

前記変速入力軸22は後方に延長してミッションケース21内に支持構成され変速伝動軸を構成し、複数の変速ギヤを設けている。ミッションケース部21rの後壁部に変速入力軸22と同軸芯のPTO軸24を軸支し、前端のボス状部分24aに軸受を設けて上記変速入力軸22の後端を支持する構成である。なお、PTO軸24は本実施例では図外防除ポンプの駆動専用に設けられ、軸端のプーリ31から操縦席6下方に設ける防除ポンプの入力プーリをベルト伝動可能に構成している。   The transmission input shaft 22 extends rearward and is supported in the transmission case 21 to form a transmission transmission shaft, and is provided with a plurality of transmission gears. The transmission input shaft 22 and a coaxial PTO shaft 24 are supported on the rear wall portion of the transmission case portion 21r, and a bearing is provided on the boss-like portion 24a at the front end to support the rear end of the transmission input shaft 22. . In this embodiment, the PTO shaft 24 is provided exclusively for driving the control pump outside the figure, and the input pulley of the control pump provided below the cockpit 6 from the pulley 31 at the shaft end is configured to be able to transmit the belt.

前記変速入力軸22と平行に第1カウンタ軸25を設ける。そして、この第1カウンタ軸25と前記入力変速軸22との間に設ける変速ギヤ群の選択により、3段の副変速装置26及び前進側高低2速とバック1速を選択できる主変速装置27を構成する。そして、変速入力軸22からの動力は副変速装置26で変速された変速段を経由した後主変速装置27による前進高低2段又はバック速1段のいずれかの変速段を経て前輪3及び後輪4を駆動する構成である。   A first counter shaft 25 is provided in parallel with the speed change input shaft 22. Then, by selecting a transmission gear group provided between the first counter shaft 25 and the input transmission shaft 22, a three-stage auxiliary transmission device 26 and a main transmission device 27 that can select a forward-side high / low / second gear and a first reverse gear. Configure. Then, the power from the speed change input shaft 22 passes through the speed stage shifted by the sub-transmission device 26, and then passes through the speed stage of the two forward speeds or the first speed of the back speed by the main speed changer 27, and the front wheels 3 and the rear. In this configuration, the wheel 4 is driven.

即ち、ミッションケース21の後ケース部21rに主として収容配置される副変速装置26は、変速入力軸22に固定してギヤ径の異なる3枚の副変速ギヤ28a,28b,28cを設けるとともに、第1カウンタ軸25側にはこれら副変速ギヤ28a〜28cを選択する副変速摺動ギヤ29を設け、この摺動ギヤ29の2段ギヤのうち径大ギヤ29bが前記副変速ギヤ28bに噛合い、径小ギヤ29cが副変速ギヤ28cに噛合う構成とし、摺動ギヤ29のボス部29dに一体成形する最径小ギヤ29aは、第1カウンタ軸25に回転自由に支持され前記副変速ギヤ28aと常時噛合うカウンタギヤ30の内歯ギヤ部30aに噛合う構成である。このように構成されているから、副変速摺動ギヤ29を摺動させて、最径小ギヤ29aをカウンタギヤ30の内歯ギヤ部30aに係合させることにより副変速第1速を得、2段ギヤのうち径大ギヤ29bを副変速ギヤ28bに噛合わせることで副変速第2速を得、2段ギヤの径小ギヤ29cを副変速ギヤ28cに噛合わせることで副変速第3速を得る。   That is, the auxiliary transmission 26 mainly accommodated in the rear case portion 21r of the transmission case 21 is provided with three auxiliary transmission gears 28a, 28b, and 28c fixed to the transmission input shaft 22 and having different gear diameters. A sub-transmission sliding gear 29 for selecting the sub-transmission gears 28a to 28c is provided on the counter shaft 25 side, and a large-diameter gear 29b of the two-stage gears of the sliding gear 29 meshes with the sub-transmission gear 28b. The small-diameter gear 29c meshes with the auxiliary transmission gear 28c, and the smallest-diameter small gear 29a formed integrally with the boss portion 29d of the sliding gear 29 is supported by the first counter shaft 25 so as to be freely rotatable. It is the structure which meshes with the internal gear part 30a of the counter gear 30 which always meshes with 28a. Since it is configured in this way, the auxiliary transmission first gear is obtained by sliding the auxiliary transmission sliding gear 29 and engaging the smallest gear 29a with the internal gear portion 30a of the counter gear 30. The sub-transmission second speed is obtained by meshing the large-diameter gear 29b of the two-stage gear with the sub-transmission gear 28b, and the sub-transmission third speed is achieved by meshing the small-diameter gear 29c of the two-stage gear with the sub-transmission gear 28c. Get.

前記副変速摺動ギヤ29の前記ボス部29dと2段ギヤとは別々に成形され爪クラッチ部29eを常時噛合い状態に組み付けて第1カウンタ軸25にスプライン嵌合させている。   The boss portion 29d and the two-stage gear of the auxiliary transmission sliding gear 29 are separately formed, and the pawl clutch portion 29e is assembled in a constantly engaged state and is splined to the first counter shaft 25.

ミッションケース21の前ケース部21fに収容される部分には主変速装置27を設け、前記第1カウンタ軸25の副変速された駆動力は、主変速高低2速及びバック速を選択されて第2カウンタ軸35に伝達される。   A main transmission device 27 is provided in a portion accommodated in the front case portion 21f of the transmission case 21, and the sub-shifted driving force of the first countershaft 25 is selected by selecting a main transmission high / low 2nd speed and a back speed. 2 is transmitted to the counter shaft 35.

すなわち、第1カウンタ軸25の前端部にバック速用中間ギヤ36を遊嵌し、前記副変速装置26側のカウンタギヤ30の前側には低速用中間ギヤ37を遊嵌する。第2カウンタ軸35にスプライン嵌合している主変速摺動ギヤ38には、高速用中間ギヤ38aを中心にバック速用内歯ギヤ38b、低速用中間内歯ギヤ38cを前後に形成している。また、前記変速用入力軸22に、正転用カウンタギヤ39をこの変速用入力軸22の回転とは無関係に回転できるように軸支する。この正転用カウンタギヤ39には大小の径の異なる低速用カウンタギヤ39aと高速用のカウンタギヤ39bを形成する。   In other words, the back speed intermediate gear 36 is loosely fitted to the front end portion of the first counter shaft 25, and the low speed intermediate gear 37 is loosely fitted to the front side of the counter gear 30 on the auxiliary transmission 26 side. The main transmission sliding gear 38 that is spline-fitted to the second counter shaft 35 has a back speed internal gear 38b and a low speed intermediate gear 38c formed at the front and rear, centering on a high speed intermediate gear 38a. Yes. Further, a forward counter gear 39 is pivotally supported on the speed change input shaft 22 so as to be able to rotate independently of the rotation of the speed change input shaft 22. The counter counter gear 39 for normal rotation is formed with a counter gear 39a for low speed and a counter gear 39b for high speed having different diameters.

前記正転用カウンタギヤ39のボス部に一体的に成形された正転用カウンタギヤ39cは、第2カウンタ軸35の正転用伝動ギヤ40に常時噛合い、前記バック速用中間ギヤ36は同じく第2カウンタ軸35のバック速用伝動ギヤ41に常時噛合う構成である。   The forward counter gear 39c formed integrally with the boss portion of the forward counter gear 39 is always meshed with the forward transmission gear 40 of the second counter shaft 35, and the back speed intermediate gear 36 is also a second gear. This is a configuration that always meshes with the transmission gear 41 for the back speed of the counter shaft 35.

前記主変速摺動ギヤ38の低速用中間内歯ギヤ38cを低速用中間ギヤ37に嵌合させると第1カウンタ軸25の副変速された回転動力はこの低速用中間ギヤ37、低速用カウンタギヤ39a、正転用カウンタギヤ39cを経由して正転用伝動ギヤ40を駆動し第2カウンタ軸35に低速正転動力を伝達する。主変速摺動ギヤ38の高速用中間ギヤ38aを高速用カウンタギヤ39bに噛合わせると、第1カウンタ軸25の動力は高速用中間ギヤ38a、高速用カウンタギヤ39b、正転用カウンタギヤ39cを経由して正転用伝動ギヤ40を駆動し第2カウンタ軸35に高速正転動力を伝達する。   When the low-speed intermediate internal gear 38c of the main transmission sliding gear 38 is fitted to the low-speed intermediate gear 37, the sub-shifted rotational power of the first counter shaft 25 is converted to the low-speed intermediate gear 37, the low-speed counter gear. The forward transmission gear 40 is driven via the forward rotation counter gear 39c to transmit the low speed forward rotation power to the second counter shaft 35. When the high-speed intermediate gear 38a of the main transmission sliding gear 38 is engaged with the high-speed counter gear 39b, the power of the first counter shaft 25 passes through the high-speed intermediate gear 38a, the high-speed counter gear 39b, and the forward counter gear 39c. Then, the normal transmission gear 40 is driven to transmit high-speed normal rotation power to the second counter shaft 35.

また、主変速摺動ギヤ38のバック速用内歯ギヤ38bをバック速用中間ギヤ36に嵌合させると第1カウンタ軸25の主変速された回転動力はこのバック速用中間ギヤ36、バック速用伝動ギヤ41を駆動し第2カウンタ軸35にバック速動力を伝達する。   Further, when the back speed internal gear 38b of the main transmission sliding gear 38 is fitted to the back speed intermediate gear 36, the main-shifted rotational power of the first counter shaft 25 becomes the back speed intermediate gear 36, The speed transmission gear 41 is driven to transmit the back speed power to the second counter shaft 35.

前記第2カウンタ軸35の主・副変速駆動力は、減速用中間伝動ギヤ群42,43を経て走行伝動軸44に伝達される。走行伝動軸44はミッションケース21の前後に突出し、後部側のスプライン軸部44aは後伝動軸44rを介して後輪デフ機構を連動し後車軸を経て後輪4L,4Rを駆動し、前部側のスプライン軸部44bは前伝動軸44fを介して後述する前輪デフ機構58を駆動し前輪3,3を駆動する。   The main / sub-transmission driving force of the second countershaft 35 is transmitted to the travel transmission shaft 44 via the deceleration intermediate transmission gear groups 42 and 43. The traveling transmission shaft 44 projects forward and backward of the transmission case 21, and the rear spline shaft portion 44a drives the rear wheels 4L and 4R via the rear axle by interlocking with the rear wheel differential mechanism via the rear transmission shaft 44r. The spline shaft portion 44b on the side drives a front wheel differential mechanism 58, which will be described later, via the front transmission shaft 44f to drive the front wheels 3 and 3.

なお、前記主変速装置27の主変速レバー46,副変速装置26の副変速レバー47は操縦席6左側に併設され、前後方向の案内ガイドに沿って変速操作できる。また該操縦席6の右側には前記PTO軸24に配設した咬合いクラッチ機構48を入・切に切り替えるPTOレバー49を備える。   The main transmission lever 46 of the main transmission device 27 and the auxiliary transmission lever 47 of the auxiliary transmission device 26 are provided on the left side of the cockpit 6 and can be shifted along a front-rear guide guide. The right side of the cockpit 6 is provided with a PTO lever 49 for switching the engagement clutch mechanism 48 disposed on the PTO shaft 24 between on and off.

前記走行伝動軸44の後部側であって、ミッションケース21の後部壁の着脱自在に締結固定するメタル部21mに、ブレーキ手段45を設ける。該ブレーキ手段45は、多板のブレーキシューをメタル部21m壁面に押し当てて走行伝動軸44を制動する構成である。これによって、前後左右の四輪を一挙に制動作動する。   Brake means 45 is provided on a metal portion 21m that is detachably fastened and fixed to the rear wall of the transmission case 21 on the rear side of the traveling transmission shaft 44. The brake unit 45 is configured to brake the travel transmission shaft 44 by pressing a multi-plate brake shoe against the wall surface of the metal portion 21m. As a result, the front, rear, left and right four wheels are braked at once.

図6,7に示すように、前記主クラッチ23のケーシング23aを覆うクラッチハウジング34を設けている。このクラッチハウジング34は、平面視でU状に形成され、基部34a,34aが前記ミッションケース21の前壁に着脱自在に装着され前側に形成された壁部に軸受部34bを形成している。上面及び下面は主クラッチ23本体が現れるが上面には図外薄板部材で覆う構成としている。なお、上記軸受部34bには前記エンジンEのクランク軸に連動する出力軸20を支持する構成である。このように構成すると、出力軸20の支持構成がミッションケース21と一体的になり、主クラッチ23の組み付けの際にその精度の向上がはかれる。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a clutch housing 34 that covers the casing 23 a of the main clutch 23 is provided. The clutch housing 34 is formed in a U shape in a plan view, and bases 34 a and 34 a are detachably mounted on the front wall of the transmission case 21, and a bearing portion 34 b is formed on a wall portion formed on the front side. The main clutch 23 body appears on the upper and lower surfaces, but the upper surface is covered with a thin plate member not shown. The bearing portion 34b supports the output shaft 20 that is linked to the crankshaft of the engine E. If comprised in this way, the support structure of the output shaft 20 will become integral with the mission case 21, and the improvement of the precision will be achieved when the main clutch 23 is assembled | attached.

前記ミッションケース21の走行車体2への装着は、図7等におけるように、前後に亘る左右一対の走行フレーム2L,2Rにベース部材を2B,2Bを一体化して設け、このベース部材2B,2Bにミッションケース21を側方から締結する構成である。   As shown in FIG. 7 and the like, the transmission case 21 is mounted on the traveling vehicle body 2 by integrally providing base members 2B and 2B on a pair of left and right traveling frames 2L and 2R. The transmission case 21 is fastened from the side.

次に、図8〜図10を用いて、前輪伝動機構及び操舵機構について説明する。
ここで、図8は、フロントアクスルハウジングの一部断面の概略平面図であり、図9は、図8のA−A断面を示す概略図である。
Next, the front wheel transmission mechanism and the steering mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.
Here, FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a partial cross section of the front axle housing, and FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the AA cross section of FIG.

走行車体2の前側下方には、左右一対の前輪3,3へ駆動力を伝達するための前車軸50等を収納したフロントアクスルハウジング51が配置されている。
上記フロントアクスルハウジング51の中央後部には、前記走行伝動軸44に前伝動軸44fを介して連動する前輪入力軸52を軸支する円筒状ボス部51Aが形成されており、該前輪入力軸52のベベルギヤ52aはアクスルハウジング51中央部に配設した前輪デフ機構53を連動する。前輪デフ機構53から左右に延出する前車軸50はアクスルハウジング51の左右端部に連結する操向軸ケース54の操向軸55にベベルギヤ56,57をもって連結されている。なお、ここでベベルギヤ56は前車軸50端部に設けられ、ベベルギヤ57はこのベベルギヤ56の従動ベベルギヤであって操向軸55の上部に軸支されている。
A front axle housing 51 that houses a front axle 50 and the like for transmitting driving force to the pair of left and right front wheels 3 and 3 is disposed below the front side of the traveling vehicle body 2.
A cylindrical boss portion 51A that supports a front wheel input shaft 52 that is linked to the travel transmission shaft 44 via a front transmission shaft 44f is formed at the center rear portion of the front axle housing 51. The bevel gear 52a interlocks with a front wheel differential mechanism 53 disposed at the center of the axle housing 51. A front axle 50 extending left and right from the front wheel differential mechanism 53 is connected to a steering shaft 55 of a steering shaft case 54 connected to left and right ends of the axle housing 51 by bevel gears 56 and 57. Here, the bevel gear 56 is provided at the end portion of the front axle 50, and the bevel gear 57 is a driven bevel gear of the bevel gear 56 and is supported on the steering shaft 55.

図10に示す通り、操向軸ケース54は、アクスルハウジング51の終端側への外嵌合部とこのアクスルハウジング51のフランジを介して連結されて上方に突出する筒状上部54aと、下部に至るほど漸次径小となるよう形成された円錐状部54bと、軸受58を備えファイナルケース59を操向軸55回りに回動自在に支持する筒状下部54cからなり、上記操向軸55および前車軸50の端部から操向軸55へのベベルギヤ56,57を備えている。またファイナルケース59は、右前輪3を支持する前輪軸66が軸支され、操向軸55の下端のベベルギヤ60及びこれと噛合う従動ベベルギヤ61を備えている。なおファイナルケース59は操向軸ケース54の下部を外側嵌合する嵌合部59aとこの嵌合部59aの外側面に連結して上記従動ベベルギヤ61を囲う側面部59bからなる。   As shown in FIG. 10, the steering shaft case 54 includes an outer fitting portion to the terminal end side of the axle housing 51, a cylindrical upper portion 54 a that is connected via a flange of the axle housing 51 and protrudes upward, and a lower portion. A conical portion 54b formed so as to gradually become smaller in diameter and a cylindrical lower portion 54c that includes a bearing 58 and rotatably supports the final case 59 around the steering shaft 55. Bevel gears 56 and 57 from the end of the front axle 50 to the steering shaft 55 are provided. The final case 59 includes a front wheel shaft 66 that supports the right front wheel 3 and includes a bevel gear 60 at the lower end of the steering shaft 55 and a driven bevel gear 61 that meshes therewith. The final case 59 includes a fitting portion 59a for fitting the lower portion of the steering shaft case 54 to the outside and a side surface portion 59b for connecting the driven bevel gear 61 to the outside surface of the fitting portion 59a.

操向軸ケース54の操向軸55は鉛直線に対して下端側が車体外方に向かうよう傾斜状態に設けられ、ファイナルケース59、内装するベベルギヤ等の伝動機構及び前輪3はこの傾斜する操向軸55回りに回動自在に設けられている。   The steering shaft 55 of the steering shaft case 54 is provided in an inclined state so that the lower end side is directed outward from the vehicle body with respect to the vertical line, and the final case 59, the transmission mechanism such as an internal bevel gear and the front wheel 3 are inclined. The shaft 55 is provided so as to be rotatable.

前記操向軸ケース54の筒状上部54aの頂部にボス部54dを形成し、このボス部54dに対してスリーブを介して回動自在に嵌合する回動部材62と前記ファイナルケース59とを操向軸ケース54に沿って吊持状に連結部材63で着脱自在に連結している。この連結部材63の上下方向途中部に環状部63aを形成し、前記操向軸ケース54の円錐状部54bに外嵌合させている。すなわち、円錐状部54bの外側にスリーブを介して鍔状の環状部63aを回動自在に嵌合する構成である。この環状部63aの上面に後述操舵シリンダー機構に連動してファイナルケース59を回動操舵するナックルアーム64を取り付けている。   A boss portion 54d is formed on the top of the cylindrical upper portion 54a of the steering shaft case 54, and a rotating member 62 and a final case 59 that are rotatably fitted to the boss portion 54d via a sleeve are provided. The steering shaft case 54 is detachably connected by a connecting member 63 in a suspended manner. An annular portion 63a is formed in the middle of the connecting member 63 in the vertical direction, and is externally fitted to the conical portion 54b of the steering shaft case 54. In other words, the flange-like annular portion 63a is rotatably fitted to the outside of the conical portion 54b via a sleeve. A knuckle arm 64 for rotating and steering the final case 59 in conjunction with a steering cylinder mechanism described later is attached to the upper surface of the annular portion 63a.

上記連結部材63の環状部63aについて、その上下位置は、操向軸55の上部に取り付ける従動ベベルギヤ57の軸支のために厚さの大なる個所の直下であって、操向軸ケース54のうち比較的強度の高い部分に嵌合させている。このため、ナックルアーム64を経て伝達される操舵シリンダー機構からの操舵力を集中して受けるが、連結部材63が環状部材63aを形成して操向軸ケース54に外嵌合するため、ナックルアーム64に伝わる操舵荷重は操向軸ケース54で分担して受けるため、連結部材63の変形やひずみを防止する。しかも環状部材63aの位置を、操向軸ケース54の操向軸55やベベルギヤ57を支持する軸受部のために肉厚に形成した部分の近傍に配置することにより、上記操舵荷重を受けるための補強構造を呈するため、操舵荷重を直接受けない円錐状部54bを可及的に薄く成形できる。   The upper and lower positions of the annular portion 63a of the connecting member 63 are directly below the portion where the thickness is large due to the pivotal support of the driven bevel gear 57 attached to the upper portion of the steering shaft 55. Of these, it is fitted to a relatively strong part. Therefore, the steering force from the steering cylinder mechanism transmitted through the knuckle arm 64 is received in a concentrated manner. However, since the connecting member 63 forms an annular member 63a and is fitted to the steering shaft case 54, the knuckle arm Since the steering load transmitted to 64 is shared and received by the steering shaft case 54, deformation and distortion of the connecting member 63 are prevented. In addition, by arranging the position of the annular member 63a in the vicinity of the thickened portion for the bearing portion that supports the steering shaft 55 and the bevel gear 57 of the steering shaft case 54, the above-described steering load is received. Since the reinforcing structure is exhibited, the conical portion 54b that does not directly receive the steering load can be formed as thin as possible.

また、環状部63aの前側側面63afは、走行車体2の進行方向Fを基準として、左前輪3L側に向けて所定角度βだけ傾斜した傾斜面形状を有している。また、その環状部63aの上面に固定されたナックルアーム64は、進行方向Fを基準として、環状部63aの前側側面63afと同様に、左前輪3L側に向けて所定角度γだけ傾斜して固定されている(図11(A))。   The front side surface 63af of the annular portion 63a has an inclined surface shape that is inclined by a predetermined angle β toward the left front wheel 3L side with respect to the traveling direction F of the traveling vehicle body 2. Further, the knuckle arm 64 fixed to the upper surface of the annular portion 63a is fixed with an inclination of a predetermined angle γ toward the left front wheel 3L side, similarly to the front side surface 63af of the annular portion 63a, with respect to the traveling direction F. (FIG. 11A).

最低地上高さHを出来るだけ高くする必要がある農用作業車両にあっては、作物に傷をつけないよう、出来るだけ障害とならないような構造にする必要があるが、上記の傾斜構成により、作物が走行車体2の下部をスムーズに流れるので、作物に傷がつきにくい。   In agricultural work vehicles where the minimum ground height H needs to be as high as possible, it is necessary to make the structure so as not to obstruct as much as possible so as not to damage the crop. Since the crop flows smoothly in the lower part of the traveling vehicle body 2, the crop is hardly damaged.

一方、従来、ナックルアームは、ファイナルケースからオフセットさせて取り付けるが、操向軸ケースの上部に設けた回動自在な回動部材か、連結部材に取り付けるかのどちらかであるため、最低地上高さHが高いと、ファイナルケースを回動させるための各部の構造体に曲げ応力が強くかかり破損し易いという問題がある。   On the other hand, the knuckle arm is conventionally attached with an offset from the final case. However, the knuckle arm is either a rotatable rotating member provided on the upper part of the steering shaft case or a connecting member. When the height H is high, there is a problem in that the structure of each part for rotating the final case is subjected to strong bending stress and is easily damaged.

これに対して、本実施の形態の上記構成によれば、操向軸ケース54の上部側は、ナックルアーム64を配置する高さであり、この高さの近くに環状部63aを設けることは、ファイナルケース59を回動させる為の連結部材63に対して不要な曲げ応力をかけない様にすることが出来る。また、操向軸ケース54を筒状上部54aから下方に向けてその径が小さくなる略円錐状としたことにより、環状部63aや下部筒部54cを少ない部品数で安価に構成できる。また、連結部材63と環状部63aとが一体構成としたことによりこの構造体を少ない部品数で安価に構成できる。   On the other hand, according to the above configuration of the present embodiment, the upper side of the steering shaft case 54 has a height at which the knuckle arm 64 is disposed, and the annular portion 63a is not provided near this height. Further, unnecessary bending stress can be prevented from being applied to the connecting member 63 for rotating the final case 59. Further, by making the steering shaft case 54 into a substantially conical shape whose diameter decreases from the cylindrical upper portion 54a downward, the annular portion 63a and the lower cylindrical portion 54c can be configured with a small number of parts at low cost. Further, since the connecting member 63 and the annular portion 63a are integrated, this structure can be configured with a small number of parts and at a low cost.

次いで、左右前輪及び後輪を連動して操舵する操舵シリンダー機構の構成について説明する。
前記走行車体2の前下方において、フロントアクスルハウジング51の前方には、左右一対の前輪3L,3Rを操舵する操舵シリンダー機構70を配設する。この操舵シリンダー機構70のピストンロッド71をそれぞれタイロッド72L,72Rを介して前記ナックルアーム64L,64Rに連結している。操舵シリンダー機構70の一方に圧油を供給するとピストンロッド71が左側に伸び出しタイロッド72Lを介してナックルアーム64Lを左向きに回動し左側前輪3Lは左に旋回される(図8中実線矢印)。このときピストンロッド71の移動に連れて右側のタイロッド72Rは引かれてナックルアーム64Rを引いて右側前輪3Rも左に旋回される(同点線矢印)。なお、タイロッド72L,72Rはそれぞれボールジョイント73L,73Rによりピストンロッド71の左右端部に連結される。ナックルアーム64L、64Rは、左右一対のボールジョイント74L、74Rにより、左右一対のタイロッド72L、72Rと回動自在に連結されている。
Next, the configuration of the steering cylinder mechanism that steers the left and right front wheels and the rear wheels in conjunction with each other will be described.
A steering cylinder mechanism 70 for steering the pair of left and right front wheels 3L, 3R is disposed in front of the front vehicle body 2 at the front lower side of the traveling vehicle body 2. The piston rod 71 of the steering cylinder mechanism 70 is connected to the knuckle arms 64L and 64R via tie rods 72L and 72R, respectively. When pressure oil is supplied to one side of the steering cylinder mechanism 70, the piston rod 71 extends to the left side, the knuckle arm 64L is turned to the left via the tie rod 72L, and the left front wheel 3L is turned to the left (solid arrow in FIG. 8). . At this time, as the piston rod 71 moves, the right tie rod 72R is pulled to pull the knuckle arm 64R, and the right front wheel 3R is also turned to the left (dotted line arrow). The tie rods 72L and 72R are connected to the left and right ends of the piston rod 71 by ball joints 73L and 73R, respectively. The knuckle arms 64L and 64R are rotatably connected to a pair of left and right tie rods 72L and 72R by a pair of left and right ball joints 74L and 74R.

上記ナックルアーム64の環状部63aへの取付構成を図11(B)に示す。ナックルアーム64の基部に縦方向の取付部64aを一体成形、又は溶接等の手段によって付加し、ナックルアーム64の基部に縦方向のボルト67、横方向のボルト68で固定している。このように構成することによって、ボルトの緩みなく強固にナックルアーム64を連結部材63に取り付けることができる。   FIG. 11B shows a configuration for attaching the knuckle arm 64 to the annular portion 63a. A vertical mounting portion 64 a is added to the base of the knuckle arm 64 by means such as integral molding or welding, and is fixed to the base of the knuckle arm 64 with vertical bolts 67 and horizontal bolts 68. With this configuration, the knuckle arm 64 can be firmly attached to the connecting member 63 without loosening of the bolt.

図9において、操舵シリンダー機構70のシリンダー部70aはチャネル状に折曲げられた板金部材で、その凹部にシリンダー部70aの円筒状本体の外周面の約半分を収納して固定したシリンダーハウジング75が設けられている。   In FIG. 9, a cylinder portion 70a of the steering cylinder mechanism 70 is a sheet metal member bent in a channel shape, and a cylinder housing 75 in which about half of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body of the cylinder portion 70a is accommodated and fixed in a concave portion thereof. Is provided.

また、上記シリンダーハウジング75のほぼ中央には、後方、即ちフロントアクスルハウジング51側に向かって伸びた円筒状嵌合部76が、図例では溶接構造によって一体的に設けられている。円筒状嵌合部76の内部は筒状内部空間に形成される。一方前記フロントアクスルハウジング51の中央には、前記前輪入力軸52を支持する円筒状ボス部51Aに対して前方に、上記シリンダーハウジング75に設けられた円筒状嵌合部76に外嵌合する円筒状嵌合ボス部51Bが一体成形されている。そして、上記円筒状嵌合部76が、円筒状嵌合ボス部51Bに挿入された後、その連結部分は、抜け防止及び回転防止用の締結部材である固定ピン77で貫通されて固定されている。   Further, in the center of the cylinder housing 75, a cylindrical fitting portion 76 extending rearward, that is, toward the front axle housing 51 is integrally provided by a welding structure in the illustrated example. The inside of the cylindrical fitting portion 76 is formed in a cylindrical internal space. On the other hand, in the center of the front axle housing 51, a cylinder that fits outwardly to a cylindrical fitting portion 76 provided in the cylinder housing 75 forward of a cylindrical boss portion 51A that supports the front wheel input shaft 52. The shape fitting boss portion 51B is integrally formed. And after the said cylindrical fitting part 76 is inserted in the cylindrical fitting boss | hub part 51B, the connection part is penetrated and fixed by the fixing pin 77 which is a fastening member for anti-detachment and rotation prevention. Yes.

上記のように、フロントアクスルハウジング51の中央部には、その前側に円筒状嵌合ボス部51Bを後方に円筒状ボス部51Aを設けて軸芯Xを中心として回動可能に支持する前後一対の支持メタル78A,78Bが夫々ボルトナットにより強固に取り付けられている。なお、これら支持メタル78A,78Bのそれぞれフロントアクスルハウジング51から離れた側の端面を径小部とし、この径小部によって形成された規制端面78a,78bを前記円筒状ボス部51A及び円筒状嵌合ボス部51Bの後端面及び前端面に対向させることによって、該フロントアクスルハウジング51の前後方向のずれを規制できる。   As described above, a front and rear pair of front axle housing 51 is provided with a front and rear cylindrical fitting boss 51B and a rear cylindrical boss 51A, which are supported pivotably about the axis X. The support metals 78A and 78B are firmly attached by bolts and nuts, respectively. The end surfaces of the support metals 78A and 78B on the side away from the front axle housing 51 are small diameter portions, and the regulation end surfaces 78a and 78b formed by the small diameter portions are used as the cylindrical boss portion 51A and the cylindrical fitting. By facing the rear end surface and the front end surface of the combined boss portion 51B, the front axle housing 51 can be prevented from shifting in the front-rear direction.

また、操舵シリンダー機構70のピストンロッド71の移動量を制御するため、ピストンを挟んで左右に配置された空間である左室又は右室に対して作動油を給排する油圧ホース79L,79Rが、前側の支持メタル78Bの左右側を経由して操舵シリンダー機構70のシリンダー部70aに接続されている。   In order to control the movement amount of the piston rod 71 of the steering cylinder mechanism 70, hydraulic hoses 79L and 79R for supplying and discharging hydraulic oil to and from the left chamber or the right chamber, which are spaces arranged on the left and right sides of the piston, are provided. The front support metal 78B is connected to the cylinder portion 70a of the steering cylinder mechanism 70 via the left and right sides.

次に、図10,図12を用いて、左右一対のナックルアーム64L,64Rと左右一対のタイロッド72L,72Rとの連結構造について更に説明する。
図12は、左前輪3L側に連結されるタイロッド72Lとボールジョイント74Lとの固定状態を説明するための概略背面図である。
Next, a connection structure between the pair of left and right knuckle arms 64L and 64R and the pair of left and right tie rods 72L and 72R will be further described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 12 is a schematic rear view for explaining a fixed state between the tie rod 72L connected to the left front wheel 3L side and the ball joint 74L.

図10(A)に示す通り、操向軸55の中心軸線Bは、鉛直線Dに対して内側へ角度αだけ傾斜しており、これに対して、図8に示すように、操舵シリンダー機構70やタイロッド72L,72Rは、ほぼ水平に配置されている為、本実施の形態では、タイロッド72L,72Rとナックルアーム64L,64Rとの連結に用いられるボールジョイント74L,74Rを、図12に示す通り、角度αだけ傾斜させてタイロッド72L,72Rの先端部に固定する構成とした。この傾斜角度αは、図10に示した操向軸55の中心軸線Bが鉛直線Dとなす角度と一致させている。この構成により、図12に示す通り、操舵シリンダー機構70の動きが、タイロッド72L,72R、ボールジョイント74L,74R、ナックルアーム72L,72R等を介してスムーズに左右前輪3L、3Rに伝達される。   As shown in FIG. 10A, the central axis B of the steering shaft 55 is inclined inward by an angle α with respect to the vertical line D. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. Since 70 and tie rods 72L and 72R are arranged substantially horizontally, in this embodiment, ball joints 74L and 74R used to connect tie rods 72L and 72R and knuckle arms 64L and 64R are shown in FIG. As described above, it is configured to be inclined at an angle α and fixed to the tip portions of the tie rods 72L and 72R. This inclination angle α is made to coincide with the angle formed by the central axis B of the steering shaft 55 shown in FIG. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 12, the movement of the steering cylinder mechanism 70 is smoothly transmitted to the left and right front wheels 3L and 3R via the tie rods 72L and 72R, the ball joints 74L and 74R, the knuckle arms 72L and 72R, and the like.

ところで、従来の構成では、タイロッドに真っ直ぐに固定されて水平に配置されたボールジョイントに対して、もともと傾斜した回動軸(図10の操向軸55参照)に対して垂直に配置されているナックルアームを連結するためには、ナックルアーム自体の形状の一部をボールジョイントとの連結面に合わせて斜め形状とする必要があった。そのため、従来は、左右のナックルアームはそれぞれ形状が異なっていた。   By the way, in the conventional structure, it is arrange | positioned perpendicularly | vertically with respect to the rotating shaft (refer steering shaft 55 of FIG. 10) originally inclined with respect to the ball joint fixed to the tie rod straightly and arrange | positioned horizontally. In order to connect the knuckle arm, it is necessary to make a part of the shape of the knuckle arm itself into an oblique shape in accordance with the connection surface with the ball joint. Therefore, conventionally, the left and right knuckle arms have different shapes.

しかし、上記した構成によれば、ボールジョイント74L,74R自体を、図12に示す通り、角度αだけ傾斜させているため、ナックルアーム64L,64Rは、左右が同じ形状にできるので、部品作成時の型点数、及び部品の種類を削減することができる。   However, according to the configuration described above, the ball joints 74L and 74R themselves are inclined by the angle α as shown in FIG. 12, and therefore the knuckle arms 64L and 64R can be formed in the same shape on the left and right. The number of mold points and the types of parts can be reduced.

尚、図10、図12を用いて説明した上記構成では、左前輪3L側を中心に説明したが、右前輪3R側についても同様の構成であるので、その説明は省略する。
また、左右一対の前輪3L、3Rを中心に説明した上記構成は、基本的には左右一対の後輪4L、4Rについても、同様に適用される。後車軸92を内装するリヤアクスルハウジング88の左右に操向軸ケース86を取り付け、その内部に操向軸87を傾斜姿勢で軸支する。操向軸ケース86の下部にはファイナルケース93を操向軸87回りに回動自在に支持している。操向軸ケース86の頂部には操向軸87軸芯回りに回動可能な回動部材80を設け、この回動部材80と上記ファイナルケース93を連結部材89で連結する。連結部材89には前輪3の連結部材63のように、途中に操向軸ケース86を嵌合する環状部89aを、前輪3側の連結部材63や環状部63aと同様の構成をもって構成する。
In the above configuration described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 12, the description has been made centering on the left front wheel 3 </ b> L side, but since the configuration is the same on the right front wheel 3 </ b> R side, the description thereof is omitted.
The above-described configuration centered on the pair of left and right front wheels 3L and 3R is basically applied in the same manner to the pair of left and right rear wheels 4L and 4R. Steering shaft cases 86 are attached to the left and right of the rear axle housing 88 that houses the rear axle 92, and the steering shaft 87 is pivotally supported in an inclined posture. A final case 93 is rotatably supported around the steering shaft 87 at the lower portion of the steering shaft case 86. At the top of the steering shaft case 86 is provided a rotating member 80 that can rotate around the axis of the steering shaft 87, and the rotating member 80 and the final case 93 are connected by a connecting member 89. Like the connecting member 63 of the front wheel 3, the connecting member 89 is configured with an annular portion 89 a into which the steering shaft case 86 is fitted in the middle with the same configuration as the connecting member 63 and the annular portion 63 a on the front wheel 3 side.

後車軸92からの駆動力はベベルギヤ機構による伝動と相俟って操向軸87、ファイナルケース93内の後輪軸94を経て後輪4に至る。そして後車軸92と操向軸87の間のベベルギヤ95,96組、操向軸87と後輪軸94の間のベベルギヤ97,98組を構成している。   The driving force from the rear axle 92 reaches the rear wheel 4 through the steering shaft 87 and the rear wheel shaft 94 in the final case 93 in combination with the transmission by the bevel gear mechanism. Further, bevel gears 95 and 96 sets between the rear axle 92 and the steering shaft 87 and bevel gears 97 and 98 sets between the steering shaft 87 and the rear wheel shaft 94 are configured.

次いで、図13、図14に基づき、前輪3と後輪4の操舵による連動構成について説明する。
蓋状の前記回動部材62を延長して前後輪を操舵連動する後述前後タイロッドの連動アーム65を形成している。このとき、前輪3L,3Rにおいては、連動アーム65L,65Rはともに図13に示すように走行車体2の内向きに延長して形成する。一方後輪4L,4Rの蓋状の回動部材80L,80Rの夫々に延長する連動アーム81L,81Rは走行車体2の外向きに延長して形成している。
Next, based on FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, an interlocking configuration by steering the front wheels 3 and the rear wheels 4 will be described.
The lid-like turning member 62 is extended to form a front and rear tie rod interlocking arm 65 for steering and interlocking the front and rear wheels. At this time, in the front wheels 3L and 3R, the interlocking arms 65L and 65R are both formed to extend inward of the traveling vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the interlocking arms 81L and 81R extending to the lid-like rotating members 80L and 80R of the rear wheels 4L and 4R are formed to extend outward of the traveling vehicle body 2.

そして、上記左前輪3Lの連動アーム65Lと左後輪4Lの連動アーム81Lを前後タイロッド82Lで連結し、左前輪3Lの連動アーム65Lと左後輪4Lの連動アーム81Lを前後タイロッド82Lで連結する。このように構成したから、左右前輪3L,3Rが左向きに操向されると、前後タイロッド82L,82Rを介して左右後輪4L,4Rは右向きに操向され、四輪操舵の状態となった左小回り旋回できる(図13中実線矢印)。逆に左右前輪3L,3Rが右向きに操向されると、これに連れて左右後輪4L,4Rは左向きに操向され右小回り旋回できる(同図点線矢印)。   The interlock arm 65L of the left front wheel 3L and the interlock arm 81L of the left rear wheel 4L are connected by the front and rear tie rods 82L, and the interlock arm 65L of the left front wheel 3L and the interlock arm 81L of the left rear wheel 4L are connected by the front and rear tie rods 82L. . With this configuration, when the left and right front wheels 3L and 3R are steered to the left, the left and right rear wheels 4L and 4R are steered to the right via the front and rear tie rods 82L and 82R, resulting in a four-wheel steering state. A small left turn is possible (solid arrow in FIG. 13). Conversely, when the left and right front wheels 3L, 3R are steered to the right, the left and right rear wheels 4L, 4R are steered to the left and can turn right clockwise (dotted arrows in the figure).

前後タイロッド82L,82Rは、フロントアクスルハウジング51から後方外方に向けて延出し、薬液タンク9の前側下方を通過し、リヤアクスルハウジング86に至る構成である。このうち左側の前後タイロッド82Lは走行車体2左側の昇降ステップ85の支持部を経由して前後に延出させている。   The front and rear tie rods 82 </ b> L and 82 </ b> R extend rearward and outward from the front axle housing 51, pass through the lower front side of the chemical tank 9, and reach the rear axle housing 86. Of these, the left front and rear tie rods 82L extend back and forth via the support portion of the lifting step 85 on the left side of the traveling vehicle body 2.

上記の連動アームに対する前後タイロッドの各連結は、ボールジョイントによって行なわれる。即ち、前輪3L,3Rの連動アーム65L,65Rには、該アーム65L,65Rの先端部上側にボールジョイント83L,83Rのアーム等の連結部側を突出させ、後輪4L,4Rの連動アーム81L,81Rは該アーム81L,81Rの先端部下側にボールジョイント84L,84Rのアーム等連結部側を突出させる。このため、前後タイロッド82L,82Rの各前端側は連動アーム65L,65Rの上面側で連結されるのに対し、各後端側は連動アーム81L,81Rの下面側に連結される。前記のように、操向軸ケース54の操向軸55の中心軸線Bは鉛直線Dに対して下端側が車体外方に向かうよう角度αだけ傾斜する状態に設けられ、同様に後輪4における操向軸ケース86も内装の操向軸87の中心軸線が傾斜状に構成するものであり、このため、前輪3L,3R側連動アーム65L,65Rは低位に、後輪4L,4L側連動アーム81L,81Rは高位になり、上記のようなボールジョイントの配置によって前後タイロッド82L,82Rは略水平姿勢となって(図14)、最低地上高の高位置確保に有利であるとともに、薬液タンク9や昇降ステップ85など走行車体2を構成する構成部材との干渉回避の構成を容易化できる。もって当該干渉によるトラブルを未然に防ぐことができる。   Each connection of the front and rear tie rods to the interlocking arm is performed by a ball joint. That is, the interlocking arms 65L and 65R of the front wheels 3L and 3R project the connecting part side such as the arms of the ball joints 83L and 83R on the upper ends of the arms 65L and 65R, and the interlocking arms 81L of the rear wheels 4L and 4R. , 81R project the arm joint connecting side of the ball joints 84L, 84R below the tip of the arms 81L, 81R. Therefore, the front end sides of the front and rear tie rods 82L and 82R are connected to the upper surface side of the interlocking arms 65L and 65R, while the rear end sides are connected to the lower surface side of the interlocking arms 81L and 81R. As described above, the central axis B of the steering shaft 55 of the steering shaft case 54 is provided so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical line D by the angle α so that the lower end side is directed outward of the vehicle body. The steering shaft case 86 is also configured so that the central axis of the steering shaft 87 in the interior is inclined, so that the front wheel 3L, 3R side interlocking arm 65L, 65R is in the lower position, and the rear wheel 4L, 4L side interlocking arm. 81L and 81R become high, and the arrangement of the ball joint as described above causes the front and rear tie rods 82L and 82R to have a substantially horizontal posture (FIG. 14), which is advantageous for securing a high position of the lowest ground clearance, and the chemical tank 9 Further, it is possible to facilitate the configuration for avoiding interference with the constituent members constituting the traveling vehicle body 2 such as the lifting step 85 and the lifting step 85. Therefore, troubles due to the interference can be prevented.

ところで、前輪3側の前記回動部材62と連動アーム65は一体成形されるものであるが、後輪4側の回動部材80と連動アーム81の一体成形品と同一形状として生産コストの低減を図っている。即ち、前輪側連結部材63を連結するためのボルト挿通孔63bは回動部材62の連動アーム65対称位置に必要であること(図10(A))、一方後輪側連結部材89のボルト挿通孔89bを連動アーム81の基部に必要であるが(図15)、前輪3側後輪4側ともに回動部材と連動アームの一体成形品は同一形状に製作し、夫々の装着位置に応じてボルト挿通孔63b又は88bを穿設加工するものである。なお予めボルト挿通孔63b及び89bを共に加工しておくこともできる。この場合は部品個数管理の工数を低減できる。   By the way, the rotating member 62 and the interlocking arm 65 on the front wheel 3 side are integrally formed, but the same shape as the integrally formed product of the rotating member 80 and the interlocking arm 81 on the rear wheel 4 side is used to reduce the production cost. I am trying. That is, the bolt insertion hole 63b for connecting the front wheel side connecting member 63 is required at the symmetrical position of the interlocking arm 65 of the rotating member 62 (FIG. 10A), while the bolt insertion of the rear wheel side connecting member 89 is performed. Although the hole 89b is required at the base of the interlocking arm 81 (FIG. 15), the integrally formed product of the rotating member and the interlocking arm is manufactured in the same shape on both the front wheel 3 side and the rear wheel 4 side, depending on each mounting position. The bolt insertion hole 63b or 88b is drilled. The bolt insertion holes 63b and 89b can be processed together in advance. In this case, the man-hour for managing the number of parts can be reduced.

フロントアクスルハウジング51が走行車体2に対して進行方向軸心X回りに揺動するが、一方のリヤアクスルハウジング88は走行車体2と一体的に装着される。ところがボールジョイント83L,83R、84L,84Rによる接続によって、左右の誤差を吸収しうる。   The front axle housing 51 swings about the traveling direction axis X with respect to the traveling vehicle body 2, but one rear axle housing 88 is mounted integrally with the traveling vehicle body 2. However, the left and right errors can be absorbed by the connection by the ball joints 83L, 83R, 84L, 84R.

なお、リヤアクスルハウジング88の左右に連結する操向軸ケース86L,86Rの構成は前記フロントアクスルハウジング51に連結する操向軸ケース54L,54Rと同様の構成である。   The steering shaft cases 86L and 86R connected to the left and right sides of the rear axle housing 88 are the same as the steering shaft cases 54L and 54R connected to the front axle housing 51.

前輪3側の前記連動アーム65及び後輪4側の前記連動アーム81は、ステアリングハンドルが直進の状態にあるとき、平面視においてそれぞれフロントアクスルハウジング51及びリヤアクスルハウジング88の投影面内に略位置するよう形成している。車体の点検整備等に際し、車体をクレーンで吊り上げるが、フロントアクスルハウジング51又はリヤアクスルハウジング88にバンドやロープ類の吊上げ帯90を巻きかける。この場合上記のように構成したから、ステアリングハンドルが直進にセットして吊上げ帯90を巻きかけると、この吊上げ帯90で連動アーム65及び81を直進状態に保持する形態となって、クレーン吊上げと共に車輪3,4がフリーとなって自重で操向軸回りに回動しようとしてもこれを阻止して、前輪3及び後輪4は略直進状態を維持でき、不測の前・後輪3,4回転による偏荷重状態を来たさず安全に点検作業を行うことができる。なお、符号91はフロントアクスルハウジングの自重による揺動を規制する楔体で、通常は外しておくがメンテナンスを行なう場合にこの楔体91を隙間に打ち込んでフロントアクスルハウジング51の揺動を規制する。   The interlocking arm 65 on the front wheel 3 side and the interlocking arm 81 on the rear wheel 4 side are substantially located in the projection planes of the front axle housing 51 and the rear axle housing 88, respectively, in plan view when the steering handle is in a straight traveling state. Is formed. When the vehicle body is inspected and maintained, the vehicle body is lifted by a crane, and a band or rope lifting band 90 is wound around the front axle housing 51 or the rear axle housing 88. In this case, since it is configured as described above, when the steering handle is set in a straight line and the lifting belt 90 is wound, the interlocking arms 65 and 81 are held in the straight movement state by the lifting belt 90, together with the crane lifting. Even if the wheels 3 and 4 become free and try to rotate around the steering shaft by their own weight, this is prevented, and the front wheels 3 and the rear wheels 4 can maintain a substantially straight traveling state, and the unexpected front and rear wheels 3 and 4 can be maintained. Inspection work can be performed safely without unbalanced load due to rotation. Reference numeral 91 denotes a wedge body that restricts swinging of the front axle housing due to its own weight. Normally, the wedge body 91 is removed, but when performing maintenance, the wedge body 91 is driven into a gap to restrict swinging of the front axle housing 51. .

2 走行車体
5 ステアリングハンドル
50 前車軸(車軸)
51 フロントアクスルハウジング(アクスルハウジング)
54 操向軸ケース
55 操向軸
59 ファイナルケース
62 回動部材
63 連結部材
63a 環状部
80 回動部材
86 操向軸ケース
87 操向軸
88 リヤアクスルハウジング(アクスルハウジング)
89 連結部材
89a 環状部
92 後車軸(車軸)
93 ファイナルケース
2 Traveling body 5 Steering handle 50 Front axle (axle)
51 Front axle housing (axle housing)
54 Steering shaft case 55 Steering shaft 59 Final case 62 Rotating member 63 Connecting member 63a Annular portion 80 Rotating member 86 Steering shaft case 87 Steering shaft 88 Rear axle housing (axle housing)
89 Connecting member 89a Annular portion 92 Rear axle (axle)
93 Final Case

Claims (1)

走行車体(2)と、該走行車体(2)の下方に設けられ、左右一対の前輪(3)へ駆動力を伝達するための前車軸(50)を内装するフロントアクスルハウジング(51)と、フロントアクスルハウジング(51)の両端部に連結され上下方向の前輪用操向軸(55)を備える前輪用操向軸ケース(54)と、前輪軸(66)を備え前輪用操向軸ケース(54)の下部側に嵌合して前輪用操向軸(55)を中心に回動可能なファイナルケース(59)と、前輪用操向軸ケース(54)の頂部に設けられて前輪用操向軸(55)軸芯まわりに回動自在の前輪用回動部材(62)と、前輪用回動部材(62)と前輪用ファイナルケース(59)を連結する前輪用連結部材(63)を備え、前輪用連結部材(63)の上下途中部には前輪用操向軸ケース(54)に外嵌する前輪用環状部(63a)を設け、
前輪用環状部(63a)には、操舵シリンダー機構(70)のピストンロッド(71)に連動するナックルアーム(64)を取付け、
前輪用回動部材(62)に設ける前輪用連動アーム(65)に後輪(4)を操舵するための前後タイロッド(82)を連結し
左右一対の後輪(4)へ駆動力を伝達するための後車軸(92)を内装するリヤアクスルハウジング(88)と、リヤアクスルハウジング(88)の両端部に連結され、上下方向の後輪用操向軸(87)を備える後輪用操向軸ケース(86)と、後輪軸(94)を備え後輪用操向軸ケース(86)の下部側に嵌合して後輪用操向軸(87)を中心に回動可能な後輪用ファイナルケース(93)と、後輪用操向軸ケース(86)の頂部に設けられて後輪用操向軸(87)軸芯まわりに回動自在の後輪用回動部材(80)と、後輪用回動部材(80)と後輪用ファイナルケース(93)を連結する後輪用連結部材(89)を備え、後輪用連結部材(89)の上下途中部には後輪用操向軸ケース(86)に外嵌する後輪用環状部(89a)を設け、
後輪用回動部材(80)に設ける後輪用連動アーム(81)に前後タイロッド(82)を連結し、
前輪(3)側の連動アーム(65)は走行車体(2)側内向きに延長して設け、一方後輪(4)の連動アーム(81)は走行車体(2)の外向きに延長して設け、前輪(3)の連動アーム(65)の先端部上側にボールジョイント(83)を突出し、後輪(4)の連動アーム(81)の先端部下側にボールジョイント(84)を突出し、これらボールジョイント(83,84)に前後タイロッド(82)の各端部を取り付ける作業車両。
A front axle housing (51) that includes a traveling vehicle body (2) and a front axle (50) that is provided below the traveling vehicle body (2) and transmits a driving force to the pair of left and right front wheels (3); A front wheel steering shaft case (54) connected to both ends of the front axle housing (51) and including a front wheel steering shaft (55) in the vertical direction, and a front wheel steering shaft case including a front wheel shaft (66) ( 54) is fitted to the lower side of the front wheel steering shaft (55), and is provided at the top of the front wheel steering shaft case (54). A front wheel rotating member (62) rotatable around the axis of the direction axis (55), and a front wheel connecting member (63) for connecting the front wheel rotating member (62) and the front wheel final case (59). The front wheel steering shaft is disposed in the middle of the front wheel connecting member (63). Front-wheel annulus fitted around the scan (54) the (63a) is provided,
A knuckle arm (64) linked to the piston rod (71) of the steering cylinder mechanism (70) is attached to the annular portion for the front wheel (63a),
A front and rear tie rod (82) for steering the rear wheel (4) is connected to a front wheel interlocking arm (65) provided on the front wheel rotating member (62) ,
A rear axle housing (88) that houses a rear axle (92) for transmitting driving force to the pair of left and right rear wheels (4), and both ends of the rear axle housing (88) are connected to the rear wheel operation in the vertical direction. A rear wheel steering shaft case (86) having a direction shaft (87) and a rear wheel steering shaft case (86) having a rear wheel shaft (94) fitted to the lower side of the rear wheel steering shaft case (86). A rear wheel final case (93) that can be rotated about (87) and a rear wheel steering shaft case (86) are provided on top of the rear wheel steering shaft (87). A movable rear wheel turning member (80), a rear wheel turning member (80), and a rear wheel connecting member (89) for connecting the rear wheel final case (93) are provided. An annular part (89a) for the rear wheel that is fitted around the steering wheel case (86) for the rear wheel is provided in the middle part of the member (89).
The front and rear tie rods (82) are connected to the rear wheel interlocking arm (81) provided on the rear wheel rotating member (80),
The interlocking arm (65) on the front wheel (3) side extends inwardly on the traveling vehicle body (2) side, while the interlocking arm (81) on the rear wheel (4) extends outwardly on the traveling vehicle body (2). The ball joint (83) protrudes above the tip of the interlocking arm (65) of the front wheel (3), and the ball joint (84) protrudes below the tip of the interlocking arm (81) of the rear wheel (4). A work vehicle in which the ends of the front and rear tie rods (82) are attached to the ball joints (83, 84) .
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