JP5893399B2 - Ultrasonic processing equipment - Google Patents
Ultrasonic processing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP5893399B2 JP5893399B2 JP2011288903A JP2011288903A JP5893399B2 JP 5893399 B2 JP5893399 B2 JP 5893399B2 JP 2011288903 A JP2011288903 A JP 2011288903A JP 2011288903 A JP2011288903 A JP 2011288903A JP 5893399 B2 JP5893399 B2 JP 5893399B2
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Description
本発明は、超音波加工装置に関し、特に被加工物に開口を形成するのに用いて好適な超音波加工装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an ultrasonic processing apparatus, and more particularly to an ultrasonic processing apparatus suitable for use in forming an opening in a workpiece.
従来、自動車の樹脂製バンパーや樹脂製ダッシュボード等の樹脂製の被加工物（ワーク）に各種形状の開口を開ける場合、一般にプレスによる打ち抜き加工が行われていた。 Conventionally, punching with a press has been generally performed when opening various shapes in a resin workpiece (work) such as a resin bumper or a resin dashboard of an automobile.
一方従来、振動発生部を超音波振動させることでこの振動発生部に接続したカッター刃を超音波振動させ、この超音波振動するカッター刃を被加工物に当てることで被加工物を加工する超音波加工装置が使用されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。そしてこの超音波加工装置で被加工物に開口を開ける場合は、カッター刃によって被加工物の開口をその輪郭線に沿って切り欠いてくり抜くことで行う。 On the other hand, conventionally, a cutter blade connected to the vibration generator is ultrasonically vibrated by ultrasonically vibrating the vibration generator, and the workpiece is processed by applying the ultrasonically vibrated cutter blade to the workpiece. A sonic processing apparatus is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). And when opening an opening in a to-be-processed object with this ultrasonic processing apparatus, it cuts and cuts out the opening of a to-be-processed object along the outline with a cutter blade.
しかしながら上記プレス加工の場合は、高価なプレス金型が必要で、大量生産するような場合は良いが、例えば多品種少量生産するような場合は加工コストが高くなるという問題があった。 However, in the case of the above press work, an expensive press die is necessary, and it is good for mass production, but there is a problem that, for example, production cost becomes high in the case of producing many kinds and small quantities.
また上記超音波加工装置で加工する場合は、作業性が悪く、また加工精度も十分とはいえなかった。 Moreover, when processing with the above-described ultrasonic processing apparatus, workability is poor and processing accuracy is not sufficient.
本発明は上述の点に鑑みてなされたものでありその目的は、被加工物に開口を開ける際の作業効率がよく、同時に加工精度も高くて加工コストも廉価にできる超音波加工装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic machining apparatus that has high work efficiency when opening an opening in a workpiece, and at the same time has high machining accuracy and low machining cost. There is to do.
本発明にかかる超音波加工装置は、振動発生部で発生した超音波振動を伝達するホーン部の先端面に刃を取り付け、前記刃を超音波振動させることで被加工物を加工する超音波加工装置であって、前記刃は筒体であり、超音波振動する刃の先端辺を前記被加工物に当てて打ち抜くことで、被加工物に刃の形状の開口を形成すると共に、前記刃の外周を囲んで超音波が伝播されないように装着され且つ装着した状態で前記刃の先端辺を突出させるダンパーを取り付け、前記ダンパーと前記刃の外周面との間には弾性材が介在し、さらに、前記刃は前記ホーン部の先端面の外周よりも内側に位置するように外周側段部を介して取り付けられ、一方前記ダンパーは前記刃の外周から前記ホーン部の先端部分の外周にわたる長さを有し、且つダンパーの内周にはその内径を異ならせることで前記ホーン部の先端面に対向する内周側当接面を設け、これらホーン部の先端面とダンパーの内周側当接面との間に前記弾性材を設置することで、前記ダンパーが被加工物に当接した際の力を前記弾性材を介してホーン部が受けることを特徴としている。このように超音波加工装置の刃を筒状に形成したので、超音波振動する刃の先端辺を被加工物に当てて打ち抜くだけで、被加工物に刃の先端辺の形状と同一形状の開口を作業性良く且つ精度良く、容易に形成することができる。またプレス金型のような高価な部品を使用する必要がないので、製造コストの低減化も図ることができる。 The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to the present invention is an ultrasonic processing for processing a workpiece by attaching a blade to a front end surface of a horn portion that transmits ultrasonic vibration generated by a vibration generating portion and ultrasonically vibrating the blade. an apparatus, wherein the blade has a cylindrical body, by punching against the leading edge of the blade to ultrasonic vibration to the workpiece, to form the opening of the blade shape workpiece, the blade A damper is attached so as to prevent ultrasonic waves from propagating around the outer periphery, and in the mounted state, a damper that projects the tip side of the blade is attached, and an elastic material is interposed between the damper and the outer peripheral surface of the blade, and The blade is attached via an outer peripheral step so as to be located on the inner side of the outer periphery of the tip surface of the horn part, while the damper extends from the outer periphery of the blade to the outer periphery of the tip part of the horn part. And damper Different inner diameters are provided on the inner circumference to provide an inner circumferential contact surface that faces the distal end surface of the horn portion, and the elastic surface is provided between the distal end surface of the horn portion and the inner circumferential contact surface of the damper. By installing the material, the horn part receives the force when the damper comes into contact with the workpiece via the elastic material . Since the blade of the ultrasonic processing apparatus is formed into a cylindrical shape in this way, the shape of the blade is the same as the shape of the tip of the blade. The opening can be easily formed with good workability and accuracy. Further, since it is not necessary to use expensive parts such as a press die, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
ところで超音波振動する刃の先端辺を被加工物に当てて打ち抜く際に力が余って、打ち抜かれた開口の周囲の被加工物の表面にホーン部の先端面が当接してしまう場合がある。そのような場合、ホーン部も超音波振動しているので、被加工物の表面が加熱・加圧されて変形してしまう恐れがある。そこで本発明においては、前記刃の外周を囲んで超音波が伝播されないように装着され且つ装着した状態で前記刃の先端辺を突出させるダンパーを取り付けることとしている。このように構成したので、超音波振動する刃の先端辺を被加工物に当てて打ち抜く際にダンパーが打ち抜かれた開口の周囲の被加工物の表面に当接するが、ダンパーは超音波振動していないので、被加工物の開口周囲の表面が変形する恐れはない。これによって被加工物への穴開け作業の効率が格段に向上し、同時に不良品が発生しなくなる。 By the way, when the tip side of the blade that vibrates ultrasonically hits the workpiece, there is a surplus force, and the tip surface of the horn part may come into contact with the surface of the workpiece around the punched opening. . In such a case, since the horn part also vibrates ultrasonically, the surface of the workpiece may be heated and pressurized and deformed. Therefore, in the present invention is directed to attaching a damper to protrude the leading edge of the blade in a state of surrounding the outer periphery ultrasound mounted and mounted so as not to propagate the blade. With this configuration , when the tip of the blade that vibrates ultrasonically hits the workpiece, the damper contacts the surface of the workpiece around the opening where the damper is punched, but the damper vibrates ultrasonically. Therefore, there is no fear that the surface around the opening of the workpiece is deformed. As a result, the efficiency of the drilling work on the workpiece is remarkably improved, and at the same time, defective products are not generated.
また前記ダンパーを弾性材を介して刃の外周に装着したので、刃の超音波振動がダンパーに伝達されることを容易に防止できる。 Since mounted on the outer periphery of the blade front Kida bumpers via the elastic member can be easily prevented that the ultrasonic vibration of the blade is transmitted to the damper.
また本発明においては、前記刃は前記ホーン部の先端面の外周よりも内側に位置するように外周側段部を介して取り付けられ、一方前記ダンパーは前記刃の外周から前記ホーン部の先端部分の外周にわたる長さを有し、且つダンパーの内周にはその内径を異ならせることで前記ホーン部の先端面に対向する内周側当接面を設け、これらホーン部の先端面とダンパーの内周側当接面との間に前記弾性材を設置することで、前記ダンパーが被加工物に当接した際の力を前記弾性材を介してホーン部が受けることとしたので、ダンパーが被加工物に当接した際の力は弾性材を介してホーン部が受けるので、ホーン部の超音波振動は効果的に緩衝されダンパーには伝播しない。 In the present invention, the blade is attached via an outer peripheral step so as to be located inside the outer periphery of the front end surface of the horn portion, while the damper is attached to the front end portion of the horn portion from the outer periphery of the blade. The inner periphery of the damper is provided with an inner peripheral contact surface facing the tip surface of the horn by varying the inner diameter thereof, and the tip of the horn and the damper by installing the elastic member between the inner circumferential side contact surface, since the force at which the damper is in contact with the workpiece was the horn unit receives via the elastic member, the damper Since the force at the time of contact with the workpiece is received by the horn part via the elastic material, the ultrasonic vibration of the horn part is effectively buffered and does not propagate to the damper.
また前記ホーン部の外周面とダンパーの内周面の間には、両者間の接触を防止する第２の弾性材を設置することが好ましい。これによってダンパーは、より安定した状態で刃とホーン部の外周に保持される。 Moreover, it is preferable to install the 2nd elastic material which prevents the contact between both between the outer peripheral surface of the said horn part, and the internal peripheral surface of a damper. Thus, the damper is held on the outer periphery of the blade and the horn part in a more stable state.
また前記刃は横断面が非円形の筒体であり、一方前記ダンパーの内周面の内の前記刃の外周に対向する部分は前記刃の外形形状に合わせて横断面を非円形とすることでダンパーの回り止めとし、且つダンパーに刃の向きを表す目印を付すことが好ましい。これによって刃に対してダンパーが回転しないので、被加工物に開口を加工する際に、ダンパーに設けた目印によってその回転方向の位置決めが容易に行える。これによって非円形の開口を開ける際の回転方向の加工精度が向上し、同時に加工作業がより容易になる。 The blade is a cylindrical body having a non-circular cross section, and a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the damper that faces the outer periphery of the blade has a non-circular cross section in accordance with the outer shape of the blade. It is preferable that the damper is prevented from rotating and a mark indicating the direction of the blade is attached to the damper. As a result, the damper does not rotate with respect to the blade. Therefore, when the opening is machined into the workpiece, positioning in the rotation direction can be easily performed by the mark provided on the damper. This improves the processing accuracy in the rotational direction when opening the non-circular opening, and at the same time makes the processing work easier.
本発明にかかる超音波加工装置によれば、被加工物に開口を開ける際の作業効率がよく、また加工精度も高く、さらに加工コストを廉価にすることができる。 According to the ultrasonic processing apparatus of the present invention, the work efficiency when opening an opening in a workpiece is high, the processing accuracy is high, and the processing cost can be reduced.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
〔参考例〕
図１は本発明の参考例にかかる超音波加工装置に用いる振幅拡大用の工具ホーン１０−１及び工具ホーン１０−１の先端面１１−１に取り付けられる刃３０−１を示す斜視図である。同図に示すように工具ホーン１０−１は円柱状の金属棒で構成され、その先端面１１−１に刃３０−１を取り付けている。刃３０−１は金属製の筒体によって構成されており、その先端辺３１−１を含む外周全体を非円形に形成している。具体的には円筒の２か所に内部側に向かって略Ｖ字状に凹む凹部３３−１をその中心軸方向の全長にわたるように形成している。刃３０−１は工具ホーン１０−１の先端面１１−１の外周よりも内側に位置するように取り付けられており、これによって外周側段部２１−１が形成されている。この取り付けには、ろう付けなどを用いる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[ Reference example ]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an amplitude expanding tool horn 10-1 used in an ultrasonic machining apparatus according to a reference example of the present invention and a blade 30-1 attached to the tip surface 11-1 of the tool horn 10-1. . As shown in the figure, the tool horn 10-1 is composed of a cylindrical metal rod, and a blade 30-1 is attached to the tip surface 11-1. The blade 30-1 is formed of a metal cylinder, and the entire outer periphery including the tip side 31-1 is formed in a non-circular shape. Specifically, concave portions 33-1 that are recessed in a substantially V shape toward the inner side at two locations on the cylinder are formed so as to extend over the entire length in the central axis direction. The blade 30-1 is attached so as to be located on the inner side of the outer periphery of the tip surface 11-1 of the tool horn 10-1, and thereby, an outer peripheral side step portion 21-1 is formed. For this attachment, brazing or the like is used.
工具ホーン１０−１の根元側には、図示はしないが振動発生部が直接又は他の部材（例えば振動発生部に取り付けられる別のホーン）を介して連結されており、振動発生部で発生した超音波振動は工具ホーン１０−１を通して刃３０−１に伝播されてこれを超音波振動する。 Although not shown, the vibration generating unit is connected to the root side of the tool horn 10-1 directly or via another member (for example, another horn attached to the vibration generating unit), and generated at the vibration generating unit. The ultrasonic vibration is propagated to the blade 30-1 through the tool horn 10-1, and is ultrasonically vibrated.
図２は前記刃３０−１による被加工物１００−１の加工方法説明図である。被加工物１００−１は、超音波加工で加工できる材質であればどのような材質のものでも良く、一般には熱可塑性樹脂やゴム製のものがその対象となる。例えば自動車の樹脂製のバンパーや、テレビやパソコン等のモニター用のパネルやボード等、多種多様の部材が対象となる。被加工物１００−１を加工するには、まず図２（ａ）に示すように超音波振動させた刃３０−１の先端辺３１−１を被加工物１００−１の表面１０１−１に当接して押し付け、その熱によって被加工物１００−１を溶融する。これによって図２（ｂ）に示すように刃３０−１は被加工物１００−１を貫通する。そして図２（ｃ）に示すように刃３０−１を引き抜けば、刃３０−１の内側に位置する被加工物１００−１の部分が抜け落ち、被加工物１００−１に刃３０−１の外形形状と同一形状の開口１０３−１が形成される。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a processing method of the workpiece 100-1 by the blade 30-1. The workpiece 100-1 may be of any material as long as it can be processed by ultrasonic processing, and is generally made of a thermoplastic resin or rubber. For example, a wide variety of members such as automobile resin bumpers, monitor panels and boards for televisions, personal computers and the like are targeted. In order to process the workpiece 100-1, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the tip side 31-1 of the blade 30-1 ultrasonically vibrated is formed on the surface 101-1 of the workpiece 100-1. The workpiece 100-1 is melted by the contact and pressing. As a result, the blade 30-1 penetrates the workpiece 100-1 as shown in FIG. When the blade 30-1 is pulled out as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the part of the workpiece 100-1 located inside the blade 30-1 falls off, and the blade 30-1 is moved to the workpiece 100-1. An opening 103-1 having the same shape as the outer shape is formed.
以上説明したように、超音波加工装置の刃３０−１を筒状に形成したので、超音波振動する刃３０−１の先端辺３１−１を被加工物１００−１に当てて打ち抜くだけで、被加工物１００−１に刃３０−１の形状と同一形状の開口１０３−１を作業性良く且つ精度良く、容易に形成することができる。またプレス金型のような高価な部品を使用する必要がないので、製造コストの低減化を図ることができる。 As described above, since the blade 30-1 of the ultrasonic processing apparatus is formed in a cylindrical shape, only the punch edge 31-1 of the blade 30-1 that vibrates ultrasonically touches the workpiece 100-1 and is punched out. The opening 103-1 having the same shape as the blade 30-1 can be easily formed in the work piece 100-1 with good workability and accuracy. Further, since it is not necessary to use expensive parts such as a press die, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
〔第１実施形態〕
図３は本発明の第１実施形態にかかる超音波加工装置に用いる工具ホーン１０−２と、工具ホーン１０−２の先端面に取り付けられる刃３０−２と、刃３０−２の外周に装着されるダンパー５０−２とを示す斜視図、図４はその断面図、図５はその分解斜視図である。この実施形態において、前記図１に示す参考例と同一又は相当部分には同一符号（但し添え字「−２」を付ける）を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。なおこの実施形態においては、前記各部材の他に弾性材７０−２と第２の弾性材７５−２を用いている。両弾性材７０−２，７５−２はこの例ではＯリングである。
[ First Embodiment ]
FIG. 3 shows a tool horn 10-2 used in the ultrasonic processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a blade 30-2 attached to the tip surface of the tool horn 10-2, and an outer periphery of the blade 30-2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view thereof, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view thereof. In this embodiment, the same or corresponding parts as those in the reference example shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals (provided with the suffix “−2”), and detailed description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, an elastic material 70-2 and a second elastic material 75-2 are used in addition to the above members. Both elastic members 70-2 and 75-2 are O-rings in this example.
工具ホーン１０−２は前記図１で説明した工具ホーン１０−１と略同一の構成であり、異なるのはその先端近傍の外周に第２の弾性体７５−２挿入用のリング状の凹部１５−２を形成した点のみである。また刃３０−２は前記刃３０−１と同一のものである。 The tool horn 10-2 has substantially the same configuration as the tool horn 10-1 described with reference to FIG. 1 except for the ring-shaped recess 15 for inserting the second elastic body 75-2 on the outer periphery near the tip. -2 only. The blade 30-2 is the same as the blade 30-1.
ダンパー５０−２は金属製の筒体で構成されており、その内部は図４に示すように前記刃３０−２の外形形状と略ぴったり一致する内径形状の部分と、前記工具ホーン１０−２の先端近傍部分の外形形状と略ぴったり一致する内径形状の部分とを有しており、刃３０−２の先端辺３１−２を外部に突出した状態で保持されている。つまりダンパー５０−２は刃３０−２の外周から工具ホーン１０−２の先端部分の外周にわたる長さを有し、且つダンパー５０−２の内周にはその内径を異ならせることで、工具ホーン１０−２の先端面１１−２に対向する内周側当接面５１−２を設けている。また刃３０−２には２つの凹部３３−２が形成されているが、これら凹部３３−２にそれぞれ対向するダンパー５０−２の内周面部分（内周側当接面５１−２よりも先端側の部分）にその中心軸方向に向かって延びる凸部５３−２が形成されている。凸部５３−２は凹部３３−２と略同一形状であり、凹部３３−２に入り込むことでダンパー５０−２の回り止めとなる。さらにダンパー５０−２の内周面の前記内周側当接面５１−２を設けた部分と、工具ホーン１０−２の外周面に対向する部分には、それぞれ弾性材７０−２，７５−２を挿入するリング状凹部５５−２，５７−２が形成されている。さらにダンパー５０−２の外周面には、中心軸方向に向かう直線状の凹部からなる目印５９−２が形成されている。目印５９−２は両凸部５３−２のちょうど中間位置に形成されている。ダンパー５０−２の先端面は下記する被加工物１００−２への当接面６１−２となっている。 The damper 50-2 is formed of a metal cylinder, and the inside thereof has a portion with an inner diameter substantially matching the outer shape of the blade 30-2 as shown in FIG. 4, and the tool horn 10-2. And a portion having an inner diameter shape that substantially exactly matches the outer shape of the portion in the vicinity of the tip, and is held in a state in which the tip side 31-2 of the blade 30-2 protrudes to the outside. That is, the damper 50-2 has a length extending from the outer periphery of the blade 30-2 to the outer periphery of the tip portion of the tool horn 10-2, and the inner diameter of the damper 50-2 is made different so that the tool horn An inner peripheral contact surface 51-2 is provided to face the tip surface 11-2 of 10-2. Moreover, although the two recessed parts 33-2 are formed in the blade 30-2, it is more than the inner peripheral surface part (the inner peripheral side contact surface 51-2) of the damper 50-2 facing each of these recessed parts 33-2. A convex portion 53-2 extending in the direction of the central axis is formed on the tip portion. The convex portion 53-2 has substantially the same shape as the concave portion 33-2 and enters the concave portion 33-2 to prevent the damper 50-2 from rotating. Further, elastic members 70-2 and 75- are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the damper 50-2 provided with the inner peripheral contact surface 51-2 and on the portion facing the outer peripheral surface of the tool horn 10-2, respectively. Ring-shaped recesses 55-2 and 57-2 for inserting 2 are formed. Further, a mark 59-2 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the damper 50-2. The mark 59-2 is formed at an exactly middle position between the convex portions 53-2. The front end surface of the damper 50-2 is a contact surface 61-2 to the workpiece 100-2 described below.
そして図４に示すように、２つの弾性材７０−２，７５−２をそれぞれダンパー５０−２のリング状凹部５５−２，５７−２に装着し、次にこのダンパー５０−２を刃３０−２の外周に挿入することで弾性材７０−２を先端面１１−２と内周側当接面５１−２の間に設置し、同時に第２の弾性材７５−２を工具ホーン１０−２の凹部１５−２に装着する。これによって刃３０−２を取り付けた工具ホーン１０−２へのダンパー５０−２の装着が完了する。なお上記組立手順はその一例であり、他の各種異なる組立手順を用いて組み立てても良いことはいうまでもない。 Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the two elastic members 70-2 and 75-2 are respectively attached to the ring-shaped recesses 55-2 and 57-2 of the damper 50-2, and then the damper 50-2 is attached to the blade 30. -2 is inserted into the outer periphery of the elastic member 70-2 between the front end surface 11-2 and the inner peripheral contact surface 51-2, and at the same time, the second elastic member 75-2 is inserted into the tool horn 10-. 2 in the recess 15-2. Thereby, the mounting of the damper 50-2 to the tool horn 10-2 to which the blade 30-2 is attached is completed. The above assembling procedure is an example, and it goes without saying that the assembly may be performed using other various assembling procedures.
ここで弾性材７０−２は下記するようにダンパー５０−２の当接面６１−２が被加工物１００−２に当接した際の力を受けて振動方向の振動を緩衝するものである。一方第２の弾性材７５−２は工具ホーン１０−２の外周面とダンパー５０−２の内周面間の接触を防止するとともにダンパー５０−２の振動方向の位置決めを行うものである。このようにダンパー５０−２は２つの弾性材７０−２，７５−２によって、刃３０−２及び工具ホーン１０−２の周囲の所定位置に確実に安定した状態で保持される。 Here, the elastic member 70-2 receives a force when the contact surface 61-2 of the damper 50-2 contacts the workpiece 100-2 as described below, and cushions vibration in the vibration direction. . On the other hand, the second elastic member 75-2 prevents the contact between the outer peripheral surface of the tool horn 10-2 and the inner peripheral surface of the damper 50-2 and positions the damper 50-2 in the vibration direction. In this way, the damper 50-2 is reliably held in a stable state at a predetermined position around the blade 30-2 and the tool horn 10-2 by the two elastic members 70-2 and 75-2.
図６は上記工具ホーン１０−２等を用いて構成された超音波加工装置１−２の全体概略側面図である。同図に示すように超音波加工装置１−２は、バックアップリング１１０−２と超音波振動を発生する振動発生部１２０−２とホーン１３０−２とをケース１４０−２内に収納し、ケース１４０−２から外部に突出するホーン１３０−２の先端に前記工具ホーン１０−２の後端を取り付けて構成されている。ホーン１３０−２と工具ホーン１０−２を合わせてホーン部１５０−２ということとする。 FIG. 6 is an overall schematic side view of an ultrasonic machining apparatus 1-2 configured using the tool horn 10-2 or the like. As shown in the figure, the ultrasonic machining apparatus 1-2 houses a backup ring 110-2, a vibration generator 120-2 that generates ultrasonic vibrations, and a horn 130-2 in a case 140-2. The rear end of the tool horn 10-2 is attached to the front end of a horn 130-2 projecting outward from 140-2. The horn 130-2 and the tool horn 10-2 are collectively referred to as a horn section 150-2.
振動発生部１２０−２はピエゾ圧電素子層によって構成されており、その両側にバックアップリング１１０−２とホーン１３０−２を積層して一体化し、これによっていわゆるランジュバン型振動子を構成している。このランジュバン型振動子のケース１４０−２への取り付けは、ランジュバン型振動子の超音波振動がケース１４０−２に伝達されにくい各種従来の構造を用いて行われている。従ってケース１４０−２は超音波振動しない。 The vibration generating unit 120-2 is constituted by a piezoelectric element layer, and a backup ring 110-2 and a horn 130-2 are laminated and integrated on both sides thereof, thereby forming a so-called Langevin type vibrator. The attachment of the Langevin type vibrator to the case 140-2 is performed using various conventional structures in which the ultrasonic vibration of the Langevin type vibrator is difficult to be transmitted to the case 140-2. Therefore, the case 140-2 does not vibrate ultrasonically.
この例においてダンパー５０−２を装着したのは以下の理由による。即ち図１に示す刃３０−１を超音波振動させてその先端辺３１−１を被加工物１００−１に当てて打ち抜く際に力が余って、図７に示すように、打ち抜かれた開口１０３−１の周囲の被加工物１００−１の表面に工具ホーン１０−１の先端面１１−１が当接してしまう場合がある。そのような場合、工具ホーン１０−１も超音波振動しているので、被加工物１００−１の表面が加熱・加圧されて溶融して変形してしまう恐れがある。そこでこの実施形態では、超音波振動しないダンパー５０−２を装着し、以下に説明するように上記欠点を防止した。 In this example, the damper 50-2 is mounted for the following reason. That is, when the blade 30-1 shown in FIG. 1 is ultrasonically vibrated and the tip side 31-1 is punched by hitting the work piece 100-1, the punched opening as shown in FIG. The tip surface 11-1 of the tool horn 10-1 may come into contact with the surface of the workpiece 100-1 around 103-1. In such a case, since the tool horn 10-1 also vibrates ultrasonically, the surface of the workpiece 100-1 may be heated and pressurized to melt and deform. Therefore, in this embodiment, the damper 50-2 that does not vibrate ultrasonically is mounted to prevent the above-described drawbacks as described below.
図８は前記刃３０−２による被加工物１００−２の加工方法説明図である。被加工物１００−２を加工するには、まず図８（ａ）に示すように超音波振動させた刃３０−２の先端辺３１−２を被加工物１００−２の表面１０１−２に当接して押し付け、被加工物１００−２を溶融し、図８（ｂ）に示すように被加工物１００−２を貫通させる。このときダンパー５０−２の当接面６１−２が被加工物１００−２の表面に当接し、このため刃３０−２はそれ以上被加工物１００−２内に入り込まない。ここでダンパー５０−２は、刃３０−２及び工具ホーン１０−２に対して弾性材７０−２を介在して取り付けられており、ダンパー５０−２の当接面６１−２が被加工物１００−２に当接した際の力は弾性材７０−２が受ける。そしてこの弾性材７０−２によって振動方向の振動が緩衝されるため、刃３０−２及び工具ホーン１０−２の超音波振動はダンパー５０−２には伝達されない。従ってダンパー５０−２の当接面６１−２が被加工物１００−２の表面に当接しても、被加工物１００−２の開口１０３−２周囲の表面は変形しない。そして図８（ｃ）に示すように刃３０−２を引き抜けば、刃３０−２の内側に位置する被加工物１００−２の部分が抜け落ち、被加工物１００−２に刃３０−２の外形形状と同一形状の開口１０３−２が形成される。 FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a processing method of the workpiece 100-2 by the blade 30-2. In order to process the workpiece 100-2, first, as shown in FIG. 8A, the tip side 31-2 of the blade 30-2 ultrasonically vibrated is formed on the surface 101-2 of the workpiece 100-2. The workpiece 100-2 is melted by abutting and pressing to penetrate the workpiece 100-2 as shown in FIG. At this time, the contact surface 61-2 of the damper 50-2 contacts the surface of the workpiece 100-2, and therefore the blade 30-2 does not enter the workpiece 100-2 any more. Here, the damper 50-2 is attached to the blade 30-2 and the tool horn 10-2 via an elastic material 70-2, and the contact surface 61-2 of the damper 50-2 is a workpiece. The elastic material 70-2 receives the force when it abuts against 100-2. Since the elastic material 70-2 buffers the vibration in the vibration direction, the ultrasonic vibrations of the blade 30-2 and the tool horn 10-2 are not transmitted to the damper 50-2. Therefore, even if the contact surface 61-2 of the damper 50-2 contacts the surface of the workpiece 100-2, the surface around the opening 103-2 of the workpiece 100-2 does not deform. When the blade 30-2 is pulled out as shown in FIG. 8C, the part of the workpiece 100-2 located inside the blade 30-2 falls off, and the blade 30-2 is moved to the workpiece 100-2. An opening 103-2 having the same shape as the outer shape is formed.
以上説明したように、この実施形態によれば、被加工物１００−２の開口１０３−２周囲の表面が変形する恐れがなくなり、被加工物１００−２への穴開け作業の効率が格段に向上し、同時に不良品が発生しなくなる。 As described above, according to this embodiment, there is no fear that the surface around the opening 103-2 of the workpiece 100-2 is deformed, and the efficiency of the drilling work on the workpiece 100-2 is remarkably improved. And at the same time, no defective products are generated.
さらにこの実施形態では、横断面が非円形の筒体からなる刃３０−２に対して、ダンパー５０−２の内周面の内の刃３０−２の外周に対向する部分を刃３０−２の外形形状に合わせて横断面を非円形とすることでダンパー５０−２の回り止めとし且つダンパー５０−２に刃３０−２の向きを表す目印５９−２を付したので、刃３０−２に対してダンパー５０−２が回転せず、被加工物１００−２に開口１０３−２を加工する際に、ダンパー５０−２に設けた目印５９−２によってその回転方向の位置決めを容易に行うことができる。これによって非円形の開口１０３−２を開ける際の回転方向の加工精度が向上し、同時に加工作業がより容易になる。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, with respect to the blade 30-2 made of a cylindrical body having a non-circular cross section, the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the damper 50-2 that faces the outer periphery of the blade 30-2 is the blade 30-2. Since the cross section is made non-circular in accordance with the outer shape of the blade 50-2, the damper 50-2 is prevented from rotating and the mark 50-2 indicating the direction of the blade 30-2 is attached to the damper 50-2. The damper 50-2 does not rotate with respect to the workpiece 100-2, and when the opening 103-2 is machined, positioning in the rotation direction is easily performed by the mark 59-2 provided on the damper 50-2. be able to. This improves the processing accuracy in the rotational direction when opening the non-circular opening 103-2, and at the same time makes the processing work easier.
〔第２実施形態〕
図９は本発明の第２実施形態にかかる超音波加工装置１−３の斜視図、図１０はその内の工具ホーン１０−３と刃３０−３とダンパー５０−３の部分の断面図である。この実施形態において、前記第１実施形態と同一又は相当部分には同一符号（但し添え字「−３」を付ける）を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
[ Second Embodiment ]
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an ultrasonic machining apparatus 1-3 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the tool horn 10-3, blade 30-3, and damper 50-3. is there. In this embodiment, the same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals (provided with the suffix “-3”), and detailed description thereof is omitted.
この実施形態の基本的構成・機能は前記第１実施形態と同じであり、第１実施形態と相違する点は、工具ホーン１０−３の形状を四角柱状（扁平な四角柱状）に形成した点と、刃３０−３の形状を矩形状の筒体で構成した点と、ダンパー５０−３の形状を矩形状の筒体で形成した点と、ダンパー５０−３を上下２つの部材に分割し、両者をビス６３−３によって一体化した点とである。この実施形態のその他の構成・使用方法・効果は、前記第１実施形態と同じなのでその説明は省略する。 The basic configuration and function of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the shape of the tool horn 10-3 is a quadrangular prism (a flat quadrangular prism). And the point where the shape of the blade 30-3 is formed of a rectangular cylinder, the point where the shape of the damper 50-3 is formed of a rectangular cylinder, and the damper 50-3 are divided into two upper and lower members. , Both are integrated by screws 63-3. Since other configurations, usage methods, and effects of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.
以上本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲、及び明細書と図面に記載された技術的思想の範囲内において種々の変形が可能である。なお直接明細書及び図面に記載がない何れの形状や構造や材質であっても、本願発明の作用・効果を奏する以上、本願発明の技術的思想の範囲内である。例えば上記実施形態では刃の形状を非円形としたが円形としても良い。また上記各実施形態では、ダンパーの材質を金属としたが、樹脂等の他の材質で構成しても良い。また上記例ではホーン部１５０をホーン１３０と工具ホーン１０とによって構成したが、工具ホーン１０を省略してホーン１３０のみでホーン部を構成し、このホーン１３０の先端に刃３０を取り付けても良い。また上記例ではダンパー５０を刃３０の外周から工具ホーン１０の先端近傍部分の外周にわたる長さに形成したが、少なくとも刃３０の外周に設置すればよい。また上記例ではダンパー５０を２つの弾性材７０，７５によって支持したが、１つの弾性材７０のみによって支持するように構成しても良い。また上記例ではダンパー５０の目印５９−２として凹部を形成したが、目印であればどのようなものでも良く、例えば凸部や印刷等で形成しても良い。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims and the specification and drawings. Is possible. Note that any shape, structure, or material not directly described in the specification and drawings is within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are exhibited. For example, in the above embodiment, the shape of the blade is non-circular, but it may be circular. In the above embodiments, the damper is made of metal, but may be made of other materials such as resin. In the above example, the horn unit 150 is configured by the horn 130 and the tool horn 10. However, the tool horn 10 may be omitted, and the horn unit may be configured by only the horn 130 and the blade 30 may be attached to the tip of the horn 130. . In the above example, the damper 50 is formed to have a length extending from the outer periphery of the blade 30 to the outer periphery of the vicinity of the tip of the tool horn 10, but it may be installed at least on the outer periphery of the blade 30. In the above example, the damper 50 is supported by the two elastic members 70 and 75. However, the damper 50 may be supported by only one elastic member 70. Moreover, although the recessed part was formed as the mark 59-2 of the damper 50 in the said example, what kind of thing may be sufficient as long as it is a mark, for example, you may form by a convex part, printing, etc.
１ 超音波加工装置
１０ 工具ホーン（ホーン部）
１１ 先端面
２１ 外周側段部
３０ 刃
３１ 先端辺
３３ 凹部
５０ ダンパー
５１ 内周側当接面
５９ 目印
６１ 当接面
７０ 弾性材
７５ 第２の弾性材
１００ 被加工物
１０１ 表面
１０３ 開口
１１０ バックアップリング
１２０ 振動発生部
１３０ ホーン（ホーン部）
１４０ ケース
１５０ ホーン部
1 Ultrasonic processing equipment 10 Tool horn (horn part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Front end surface 21 Outer peripheral side step part 30 Blade 31 Front end side 33 Concave part 50 Damper 51 Inner peripheral side contact surface 59 Mark 61 Contact surface 70 Elastic material 75 Second elastic material 100 Workpiece 101 Surface 103 Opening 110 Backup ring 120 Vibration generating part 130 Horn (horn part)
140 Case 150 Horn
Claims (3)
前記刃は筒体であり、超音波振動する刃の先端辺を前記被加工物に当てて打ち抜くことで、被加工物に刃の形状の開口を形成すると共に、
前記刃の外周を囲んで超音波が伝播されないように装着され且つ装着した状態で前記刃の先端辺を突出させるダンパーを取り付け、
前記ダンパーと前記刃の外周面との間には弾性材が介在し、
さらに、前記刃は前記ホーン部の先端面の外周よりも内側に位置するように外周側段部を介して取り付けられ、
一方前記ダンパーは前記刃の外周から前記ホーン部の先端部分の外周にわたる長さを有し、且つダンパーの内周にはその内径を異ならせることで前記ホーン部の先端面に対向する内周側当接面を設け、これらホーン部の先端面とダンパーの内周側当接面との間に前記弾性材を設置することで、前記ダンパーが被加工物に当接した際の力を前記弾性材を介してホーン部が受けることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 An ultrasonic processing apparatus for processing a workpiece by attaching a blade to a tip surface of a horn portion that transmits ultrasonic vibration generated by a vibration generating unit, and ultrasonically vibrating the blade,
The blade is a cylinder, and by punching the tip side of the blade that vibrates ultrasonically against the workpiece, an opening in the shape of the blade is formed on the workpiece ,
Attach a damper that surrounds the outer periphery of the blade so that ultrasonic waves are not propagated and projects the tip side of the blade in the mounted state,
An elastic material is interposed between the damper and the outer peripheral surface of the blade,
Furthermore, the blade is attached via an outer peripheral step so as to be located inside the outer periphery of the tip surface of the horn portion,
On the other hand, the damper has a length that extends from the outer periphery of the blade to the outer periphery of the tip portion of the horn portion, and the inner periphery of the damper has an inner diameter that is opposed to the tip surface of the horn portion. A contact surface is provided, and the elastic material is disposed between the tip surface of the horn portion and the inner peripheral contact surface of the damper, so that the force when the damper contacts the workpiece is elastic. An ultrasonic processing apparatus, wherein a horn part receives through a material .
前記ホーン部の外周面とダンパーの内周面の間に、両者間の接触を防止する第２の弾性材を設置したことを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 The ultrasonic processing apparatus according to claim 1 ,
An ultrasonic processing apparatus, wherein a second elastic member for preventing contact between the horn portion and the inner peripheral surface of the damper is installed.
前記刃は筒体であり、超音波振動する刃の先端辺を前記被加工物に当てて打ち抜くことで、被加工物に刃の形状の開口を形成すると共に、
前記刃の外周を囲んで超音波が伝播されないように装着され且つ装着した状態で前記刃の先端辺を突出させるダンパーを取り付け、
前記刃は横断面が非円形の筒体であり、
一方前記ダンパーの内周面の内の前記刃の外周に対向する部分は前記刃の外形形状に合わせて横断面を非円形とすることでダンパーの回り止めとし、且つダンパーに刃の向きを表す目印を付したことを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 An ultrasonic processing apparatus for processing a workpiece by attaching a blade to a tip surface of a horn portion that transmits ultrasonic vibration generated by a vibration generating unit, and ultrasonically vibrating the blade,
The blade is a cylinder, and by punching the tip side of the blade that vibrates ultrasonically against the workpiece, an opening in the shape of the blade is formed on the workpiece,
Attach a damper that surrounds the outer periphery of the blade so that ultrasonic waves are not propagated and projects the tip side of the blade in the mounted state,
The blade is a cylindrical body having a non-circular cross section,
On the other hand, the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the damper that faces the outer periphery of the blade is made non-circular by making the cross-section non-circular according to the outer shape of the blade, and the damper indicates the direction of the blade An ultrasonic processing apparatus having a mark.
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