JP5890581B2 - 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 - Google Patents
食品衛生方法及び食品製品 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/08—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block
- A23B4/09—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2, at cryogenic temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C21/00—Processing poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/07—Thawing subsequent to freezing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Description
(a)未処理の食肉製品を準備する工程;
(b)温度T1の雰囲気に上記食肉製品を曝露する工程;
(c)選択した冷却速度で上記雰囲気の温度を−20℃よりも低い温度T2まで急速に低下させる工程;
(d)必要であれば、上記雰囲気を温度T2で選択した時間保持する工程;及び、
(e)上記雰囲気の温度を温度T3に調整することで上記食肉製品を、必要であれば選択した緩やかな昇温速度で、昇温させる工程を有し、
上記選択した温度T1、T2及びT3、上記選択した冷却速度、上記選択した保持時間、並びに、上記選択した昇温速度は、上記表面に存在する生存微生物数が減少するとともに、上記食肉製品の温度が−2℃を下回らず未凍結のままであるように選択されることを特徴とする方法に関する。
(a)表面膜と筋組織とを有しており、該表面膜上に生存微生物が存在する未処理の食肉製品を準備する工程;
(b)上記表面膜を、選択した第一温度に達するまで選択した冷却速度で冷却する環境に曝露する工程;
(c)必要であれば、上記表面膜を上記選択した第一温度で選択した時間保持する工程;及び、
(d)上記表面膜を上記第一温度より高い選択した第二温度まで昇温させることで、処理済み食肉製品を得る工程を有し、
上記選択した冷却速度、上記選択した第一温度、上記選択した保持時間、及び、上記選択した第二温度は、上記表面膜に存在する生存微生物数が減少するとともに、上記処理済み食肉製品における上記筋組織のβ−ヒドロキシアシルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ(HADH)活性が上記未処理の食肉製品と比べて著しく上昇することがないように選択されることを特徴とする方法を提供する。
HADH活性(U/ml)={V×(ΔE/分)×肉汁の希釈係数}/(C×d×a)
V:試験混合物の体積=3ml
C:340nmにおけるNADHの吸光係数=6.3
d:セルの光路長=1cm
a:希釈した肉汁の体積=0.1ml
T:吸収の減少率を測定する時間(分)
ΔE/分:反応開始時の吸光度−T分後の吸光度
数式は以下のようになる。
HADH活性(U/ml)={3×(ΔE/分)×肉汁の希釈係数※}/(6.3×1×0.1)
(※例えば牛肉の場合は200)
キャビネットの温度は−80℃に設定した(他の温度でも同様の結果が得られたが、低温に調整された状態となるまでの時間は長くなったり短くなったりした)。
外部の試験が完了したら、全ての食鳥肉を4℃に予冷した。これらを実施例1で採用した条件下で30秒〜2分間処理した。カンピロバクター数の減少量を表2に示す。
本実施例では鶏肉のみを使用した。全ての食鳥肉を4℃に予冷し、実施例1で採用した条件下で1〜2.5分間処理した。カンピロバクター数の減少量を表3に示す。
4℃に冷却したシチメンチョウ屠体(全10体)を実施例1に記載した条件下で処理し、極低温キャビネットに2分間保持して平均表面温度を−2℃とする。全てのシチメンチョウを4℃に昇温する。5体のシチメンチョウは1分かけて昇温する。残りのシチメンチョウは10分かけて昇温する。昇温速度は、周囲温度の空気を異なる速度で吸気することで変化させる。1分かけて昇温したものと比較して、よりゆっくりと昇温した屠体ほど、カンピロバクター数は少なくなった。
4℃に冷却したニワトリ屠体(全10体)を実施例1に記載した条件下で処理し、雰囲気温度−80℃の極低温キャビネットに1分間又は45秒間保持した。いくつかの屠体は、処理直後にキャビネットから取り出して4℃に昇温した。更に別の屠体群は、冷却をやめてから45秒〜2分間、キャビネット内に置いたままとした(「留置有りの」屠体という)。カンピロバクター数の減少量を表4に示す。
・45秒間処理し、キャビネット内に留置しなかった場合、コントロールとほとんど同じ値が得られた。
・45秒間処理し、さらにキャビネット内に留置した場合、0.1logのわずかな差が見られた。
・1分間処理した場合は、滞留時間が短い場合よりもさらにより効果的だと思われる。
Claims (8)
- 食肉の表面に存在する生存微生物数を減少させる方法であって、
(a)表面膜と筋組織とを有しており、該表面膜上に生存微生物が存在する未処理の食肉製品、及び、食肉製品周囲の雰囲気を準備する工程;
(b)前記表面膜の膜内若しくは膜直下に挿入したプローブで測定した第一温度が−5℃〜2℃となるまで、前記食肉製品周囲の雰囲気の温度を0.5℃/s〜5℃/sの速度で降温させることにより前記食肉製品を冷却する工程;
(c)前記表面膜を前記第一温度より高い第二温度まで昇温させることで、処理済み食肉製品を得る工程を有し、
前記表面膜に存在する生存微生物数が減少するとともに、前記処理済み食肉製品における前記筋組織のβ−ヒドロキシアシルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ活性が前記未処理の食肉製品と比べてHADH活性比のR1値で2以上の係数で上昇することがないことを特徴とする方法。 - 工程(b)において前記食肉製品周囲の雰囲気の温度を0.5℃/s〜3℃/sの速度で降温させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記食肉製品を冷却トンネルに通過させることで冷却工程(b)を行う、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記食肉製品は、内臓が摘出されていてもよい食鳥丸屠体から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記食肉製品は食鳥の部位肉である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第二温度は4℃より低い、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記微生物は少なくともカンピロバクター種を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記処理済み食肉製品に対してキュアリング、燻製、塩蔵、ピックリング及び加熱調理からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの工程を更に含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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| GB201109454A GB2491590C (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2011-06-07 | Food hygiene method and food product |
| GB1109454.7 | 2011-06-07 | ||
| GB1203366.8 | 2012-02-27 | ||
| GBGB1203366.8A GB201203366D0 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-02-27 | Food hygiene method and food product |
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| JP2014514142A Division JP5855241B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-06-07 | 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 |
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| JP2016028792A Division JP5965088B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-02-18 | 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 |
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| JP5890581B2 true JP5890581B2 (ja) | 2016-03-22 |
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| JP2015239525A Expired - Fee Related JP5890581B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2015-12-08 | 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 |
| JP2016028792A Expired - Fee Related JP5965088B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-02-18 | 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 |
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| JP2016028792A Expired - Fee Related JP5965088B2 (ja) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-02-18 | 食品衛生方法及び食品製品 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2526634A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-02 | Linde Ag | Cryogenic treatment apparatus and method for campylobacter |
| EP3153026B1 (en) | 2014-10-15 | 2018-08-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | A rapid chill apparatus for poultry carcasses |
| GB2544537B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2020-06-17 | Linde Ag | Apparatus and method to determine physiological effects of cryogen on organisms for controlling freezers |
| EP3667208B1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-05-15 | Keohane Seafood Unlimited Company | Process for shelf-life extension of fish |
| CN111156754B (zh) * | 2020-01-03 | 2023-03-17 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 冰箱间隔室的冷冻方法及使用该冷冻方法的冰箱 |
| JP7650477B2 (ja) * | 2021-07-31 | 2025-03-25 | 広東海洋大学 | ゴールデンマナガツオの省エネ急速冷凍方法 |
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| US3359122A (en) * | 1966-12-13 | 1967-12-19 | Johnson Co Gordon | Method of preservation, packaging and molding of fresh foods for human use |
| US3637405A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1972-01-25 | William J Mendelson | Process for packaging and preserving meats |
| GB1409445A (en) * | 1971-12-01 | 1975-10-08 | Lipoma S P | Method for processing animal flesh |
| US3926080A (en) * | 1973-09-10 | 1975-12-16 | Bettcher Industries | Apparatus for and method of processing meat products |
| US4388811A (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1983-06-21 | Meyn U.S.A., Inc. | Method for preparing poultry for fresh-pack handling |
| US4940599A (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1990-07-10 | Engler Sid V | Method of producing fresh meat in which substantial moisture loss during production is reduced |
| CA2016939C (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1997-04-15 | Martin M. Reynolds | Processing of poultry |
| NL9301244A (nl) * | 1993-07-15 | 1995-02-01 | Coveco Vlees B V | Werkwijze voor het afkoelen van slachtdelen. |
| US5417153A (en) * | 1993-08-09 | 1995-05-23 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Fluidizing spray chilling system for producing encapsulated materials |
| US6568848B1 (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2003-05-27 | Maverick Industries, Inc. | Wireless remote cooking thermometer system |
| EP1427291B1 (en) * | 2001-09-18 | 2007-05-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Tenderization of poultry meat |
| GB0305920D0 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2003-04-23 | Air Prod & Chem | Bactericidal method |
| CA2681058A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-23 | Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for tempering treatment of meat, tempered meat treated by the method, and refrigerated meat storage |
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