JP5885935B2 - Turbine vane and gas turbine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a beauty gas turbines Oyo turbine vanes to rotate the rotor to generate a combustion gas from the air taken.

  Conventionally, compressed air is generated from the taken-in air in the process of passing through the compressor, and the compressed air is supplied to the combustor and fuel is burned to generate combustion gas. 2. Description of the Related Art A gas turbine that rotates a rotor by passing an arrayed range of arranged turbine stationary blades and turbine moving blades as a main flow path of combustion gas is well known.

  FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of such a gas turbine, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part (see Patent Document 1). In FIG. 5, 21 is a turbine stationary blade, 22 is a turbine blade, 23 is a turbine disk to which the turbine blade 22 is attached, 24 is an intermediate shaft cover, and 25 is fixed to the intermediate shaft cover 24 via bolts 26. It is a support ring. In the following description, the first-stage turbine stationary blade (hereinafter referred to as “one-stage stationary blade”) 21 to which the tail cylinder 27 of the combustor (not shown) is connected, and this one-stage. The description will be given as a first stage turbine blade (hereinafter referred to as a “first stage blade”) 22 adjacent to the downstream side (right side in the drawing) of the stationary blade 21.

  The first stage stationary blade 21 is formed into an annular shape by basically using a plurality of the same segments and arranged along the circumferential direction of the turbine, and an outer shroud 21 a constituting the outer peripheral wall of the first stage stationary blade 21 and the first stage stationary blade 21. An inner shroud 21b that constitutes the inner peripheral wall, a wing body 21c that is installed between the outer shroud 21a and the inner shroud 21b, and a retainer 21d that protrudes from the back surface (lower side in the drawing) of the inner shroud 21b. . The first stage stationary blade 21 is fixed via a pin 28 to a support ring 25 that is bolted to the intermediate shaft cover 24 so that the downstream surface of the retainer 21d abuts.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the inner shroud 21b of each segment of the single-stage stationary vane 21 is formed in a substantially parallelogram (diamond) when viewed from the front, and each segment is connected so as to abut each other in the turbine circumferential direction. Thus, a slight division gap K1 is formed on the division surface. The wing body 21c is formed in an arc shape so as to taper toward the downstream side (the right side in the figure). Furthermore, the retainer 21d receives the load in the thrust direction (rotor axial direction) due to the differential pressure of the combustion gas G applied to the blade body 21c by abutting the downstream surface of the retainer 21d against the support ring 25, and the first stage stationary blade 21 is Displacement in a direction approaching the first stage moving blade 22 is suppressed. The combustion gas flows from the left side to the right side on the paper of FIG.

  The single-stage moving blade 22 includes a platform 22a that constitutes an inner peripheral wall of the single-stage moving blade 22, and a blade body 22b that protrudes outward from the surface of the platform 22a in the turbine radial direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “radial direction”). , And a split ring 29 located on the inner periphery of the turbine casing (not shown) is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first stage rotor blade 22 so as to face the tip of the first stage rotor blade 22.

  Thereby, between the outer shroud 21a, the split ring 29 and the inner shroud 21b, the platform 22a, the blade main bodies 21c, 22b are arranged, and the main flow path R through which the combustion gas G passes is formed.

  On the other hand, a casing S for storing cooling air that has exited the compressor exists in the radial inner side of the inner shroud 21b of the one-stage stationary vane 21, and the inner shroud 21b has a main flow path R and a casing in which the combustion gas G flows. In order to cut off S, a seal plate 31 is disposed in the rotor axial direction along the dividing surface of each segment, and a seal plate 32 is disposed in the radial direction of the retainer 21d. Normally, the air pressure on the vehicle compartment S side is higher than the combustion gas pressure in the main flow path R, and the combustion gas G does not leak into the vehicle compartment S.

JP-A-10-266807

  However, as shown in FIG. 5B, between the back surface (radial inner surface) of the inner shroud 21b between the position of the retainer 21d of the inner shroud 21b and the downstream end, and the support ring 25, There is an annular space N that forms a slight gap. Since this space N is separated from the vehicle compartment side by the retainer 21d and the support ring 25, the pressure between the first stage stationary blade 21 and the first stage moving blade 22 is substantially the same. That is, since the pressure of the combustion gas G flowing through the main flow path R corresponding to the position of the space N is higher than that of the space N, the combustion gas G easily flows into the space N along the seal plate 31 from the division gap K1. Become. That is, as shown in FIG. 5B, a part of the leakage gas LG of the combustion gas G is caught in the space N from the division gap K1, and the back surface of the inner shroud 21b and the upper surface of the support ring 25 may be burned out. . In order to suppress this phenomenon, it is desirable to bring the retainer 21d closer to the downstream end of the inner shroud 21b and to shorten the distance between the retainer 21d and the downstream end of the inner shroud 21b as much as possible.

  On the other hand, the support ring 25 and the retainer 21d are strength members that are supported by the intermediate cover 24 by receiving the differential pressure of the blade body 21c. Therefore, a predetermined thickness t1 is required, and the position of the retainer 21d is moved downstream. There was a problem that there was limited room for it.

The present invention reduces the thickness of the retainer and support ring of the inner shroud, shortens the axial length between the retainer and the downstream end of the inner shroud, and reduces the entrainment of combustion gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a micro-gas turbine.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a plurality of turbine vanes of the present invention are adjacent to each other along the turbine circumferential direction, and an outer shroud constituting an outer wall of a main flow path, an inner shroud constituting an inner wall, and the inner shroud of the inner shroud. A blade body that protrudes from the surface and defines a flow of combustion gas from the upstream side to the downstream side of the main flow path, a retainer that protrudes from the upstream back surface of the inner shroud and extends along the circumferential direction of the turbine, and the inner shroud A rib projecting from the downstream rear surface and extending along the turbine circumferential direction, and the rib connecting the throat line and the turbine connecting the contact points of the minimum inscribed circle associated with the blade shape of the blade body adjacent in the turbine circumferential direction It arrange | positions downstream from the intersection with the division | segmentation clearance gap of the said inner side shroud adjacent in the circumferential direction, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the present invention, the retainer extending along the turbine circumferential direction is projected from the upstream back surface of the inner shroud, and the rib extending along the turbine circumferential direction is projected from the downstream back surface of the inner shroud. Leakage of combustion gas from the main channel to the back side of the inner shroud can be further suppressed, and burning of the inner shroud and weld cracks can be prevented.

  According to the turbine vane of the present invention, the ribs are arranged on the downstream side of the intersection of the throat line by the blade body adjacent in the turbine circumferential direction and the inner gap of the inner shroud, thereby suppressing the entrainment of combustion gas. Can do.

The gas turbine according to the present invention includes the turbine stationary blade, and a support ring that is provided between the turbine stationary blade and the intermediate shaft cover and supports the turbine stationary blade on the intermediate shaft cover. .
Further, the gas turbine according to another aspect of the present invention, in the gas turbine, the support ring is pre-SL to the retainer projecting from the upstream back surface radially inward of the inner shroud of the turbine stationary blade abuts radially An upstream projecting portion disposed on the outer side and the upstream side, and a downstream side disposed on the outer side and the downstream side in the radial direction in contact with the rib projecting radially inward from the downstream back surface of the inner shroud of the turbine stationary blade It has a projecting portion and a main body fixing portion fixed to the intermediate shaft cover and connected to the inside in the radial direction, and is formed in an annular shape in the turbine circumferential direction.

  According to the present invention, the upstream protruding portion of the support ring is arranged on the outer side and upstream side of the turbine radial direction so as to contact the retainer of the turbine stationary blade, and the downstream protruding portion of the support ring is set on the outer side of the turbine radial direction and By disposing on the downstream side and abutting against the rib of the turbine stationary blade, the differential pressure load applied to the blade body is received by the upstream protruding portion, so that the total plate thickness of the downstream protruding portion and the rib can be reduced. Moreover, since the position of the rib can be moved further downstream, the length between the rib and the downstream end of the inner shroud can be reduced.

  The support ring according to the present invention is characterized in that a seal member is provided on a contact side of the downstream protrusion with the rib.

  According to the present invention, since the seal member is arranged on the contact side with the rib of the downstream protrusion, the passenger compartment air leaks into the space on the back surface side of the inner shroud from the gap between the contact surfaces of the rib and the support ring. Since it can prevent taking out, the amount of cooling air can be reduced.

  The gas turbine of the present invention preferably includes the above-described turbine stationary blade or support ring.

  According to the present invention, combustion gas leakage from the dividing gap is reduced, and burning of the inner shroud and the support ring can be prevented, so that the gas turbine can be operated for a long time, and the reliability of the gas turbine is improved. .

Turbine vanes and gas turbine of the present invention, it is possible to via the dividing gap from the main channel inhibit entrainment of combustion gas to the rear surface side of the inner shroud, due to the leakage of high temperature and high pressure combustion gases It is possible to suppress damage and cracking of components and welds arranged on the back side of the inner shroud.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a gas turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The turbine stationary blade and support structure which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention are shown, (A) is sectional drawing of the principal part of a turbine stationary blade and support structure, (B) is the principal part of a turbine stationary blade and support structure. It is an expanded sectional view. It is a front view of the important section of the 1st stage stationary blade, showing the turbine stationary blade concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. The turbine stationary blade which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown, (A) is sectional drawing of the principal part in alignment with the AA of FIG. 3, (B) is the principal along BB of (A). It is an expanded sectional view of a part. The conventional turbine stationary blade is shown, (A) is sectional drawing of the principal part, (B) is an expanded sectional view of the principal part. It is a front view of the principal part of the conventional one-stage stationary blade.

  Next, a gas turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, although the Example shown below is a suitable specific example in the gas turbine of this invention, and there may be various technically preferable restrictions, the technical scope of this invention limits this invention especially. Unless otherwise stated, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In addition, the constituent elements in the embodiments shown below can be appropriately replaced with existing constituent elements and the like, and various variations including combinations with other existing constituent elements are possible. Therefore, the description of the embodiment described below does not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gas turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a gas turbine 1 is operated by temporarily storing a compressor 2 that generates compressed air C, compressed air C supplied from the compressor 2 in a vehicle compartment S, and further mixing the compressed air C and fuel. A plurality of combustors 3 that generate combustion gas G that is a fluid, a turbine 4 that generates rotational power by the combustion gas G supplied from the combustor 3, and an exhaust chamber 5 that exhausts the combustion gas G that has passed through the turbine 4. Are provided in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side in the supply / exhaust direction of the compressed air C and the combustion gas G. In addition, the gas turbine 1 includes a rotor 6 that rotates in the circumferential direction R of the turbine 4 with the axis O as the center of rotation.

  The turbine 4 includes turbine stationary blades 8 and turbine rotor blades 9 therein, and is arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rotor 6. The combustion gas G generated in the combustor 3 rotates the turbine rotor blade 9 disposed around the axis of the rotor 6, and the thermal energy of the combustion gas G is converted into rotational energy and taken out as electric power.

  FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of the turbine stationary blade 8 and the support structure of the turbine stationary blade 8 of the gas turbine 1. In the following description, the first-stage turbine stationary blade (hereinafter referred to as “one-stage stationary blade”) 8 connected to the uppermost stream side (left side in the drawing) to which the transition piece 3a of the combustor 3 is connected, and this The description will be given as a first stage turbine blade (hereinafter referred to as “first stage blade”) 9 adjacent to the downstream side (right side in the drawing) of the first stage stationary blade 8.

  The first stage stationary blade 8 is formed into an annular shape by basically arranging a plurality of the same segments along the turbine circumferential direction, and an outer shroud 8a constituting the outer peripheral wall of the first stage stationary blade 8 and the first stage stationary blade 8 An inner shroud 8b constituting the inner peripheral wall, a wing body 8c laid between the outer shroud 8a and the inner shroud 8b, a retainer 8d protruding from the rear surface (lower side in the drawing) of the inner shroud 8b, And a rib 8e protruding from the rear surface on the downstream side of the shroud 8b.

  Further, the first stage stationary blade 8 is fixed to the upstream protruding portion 10a of the support ring 10 via the pin 11 so that the downstream surface of the retainer 8d abuts. Furthermore, the first stage stationary blade 8 is disposed so that the downstream surface of the rib 8e faces the upstream side surface of the downstream protruding portion 10b of the support ring 10 with a slight gap therebetween. Further, the support ring 10 constitutes a part of the turbine stator blade support structure together with the intermediate shaft cover 12, and the other end is bolted to one end of the intermediate shaft cover 12 supported by the casing S via the bolt 13. ing.

  The retainer 8d extends annularly along the circumferential direction of the turbine, and the downstream surface of the retainer 8d abuts against the upstream protruding portion 10a of the support ring 10 having a substantially Y-shaped cross section. The load in the direction along the axis O serving as the rotor shaft is received, and displacement of the first stage stationary blade 8 in a direction approaching the first stage moving blade 9 is suppressed. The retainer 8d is disposed radially inward of the upstream end of the blade body 8c that receives the differential pressure of the combustion gas G, and is configured to efficiently receive the load from the blade body 8c. In addition, the retainer 8d of this embodiment moves the retainer 21d demonstrated by the prior art upstream, and the function as a strength member which supports the differential pressure | voltage of the combustion gas concerning the blade body 8c does not change.

  The ribs 8e that are arranged so as to protrude radially inward from the back surface on the downstream side of the inner shroud 8b are arranged annularly along the circumferential direction of the turbine, and the downstream end face of the downstream protruding portion 10b of the support ring 10 is arranged on the downstream end face thereof. Opposite the upstream end face. Unlike the retainer 8d, the rib 8e is not a strength member that receives the differential pressure of the combustion gas G applied to the blade body 8c. Therefore, the plate thickness of the rib 8e can be made thinner than that of the retainer 8d.

  The support ring 10 that supports the turbine vane 8 in the rotor axial direction and the circumferential direction is annularly arranged around the axis of the rotor 6 and is divided into at least two. The support ring 10 includes an upstream protruding portion 10a that is joined to the retainer 8d via the pin 11 on the upstream side in the radial direction, and a downstream protruding portion 10b that is in contact with the rib 8e on the downstream side in the radial direction. And a main body fixing portion 10c that supports the intermediate shaft cover 12 via bolts 13 inside in the radial direction. The upstream protruding portion 10a is joined to the retainer 8d at the upstream end surface, and an L-shaped groove portion 10d is provided on the radial outer peripheral side of the downstream protruding portion 10b in a turbine circumferential cross-sectional view. It is in contact with the end surface on the radially inner peripheral side and the downstream end surface.

  As long as the support ring 10 includes the upstream projecting portion 10a, the downstream projecting portion 10b, and the inner body fixing portion 10c, the cross-sectional shape in the turbine circumferential direction need not be limited to a substantially Y shape. However, the intermediate portion between the upstream-side protruding portion 10a and the downstream-side protruding portion 10b on the radially outer side has a concave groove shape, and the intermediate-side main body fixing portion 10c is located near the radially inner main body fixing portion 10c. A cross-sectional shape that is convex inward in the radial direction is desirable. With such a shape, the weight of the support ring 10 can be reduced and the heat capacity can be reduced.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment described above, the differential pressure of the combustion gas G applied to the blade body 8c is shared between the outer shroud 8a and the inner shroud 8b, and the load shared by the inner shroud 8b is supported via the retainer 8d. The ring 10 is supported by the upstream protrusion 10a. That is, since the differential pressure applied to the blade body 8c does not act between the downstream rib 8e and the downstream protrusion 10b of the support ring 10, almost no load is applied in the rotor axial direction. Only a seal surface composed of a seal groove 10e and a seal member 16 (see FIG. 2B) described later is formed.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, the total cross-sectional thickness t2 (total thickness along the axial direction of the rotor 6) of the rib 8e and the downstream protrusion 10b of the support ring 10 is equal to the conventional stationary blade structure of FIG. The total thickness t1 of the retainer 21d and the support ring 25 shown in FIG. Therefore, the rib (prior art retainer) 8e can be moved closer to the downstream end face 8g of the inner shroud 8b as much as the thickness can be reduced. That is, the length of the inner shroud 8b between the rib 8e and the downstream end face 8g can be reduced, and the amount of combustion gas leaked from the dividing gap K1 into the space N can be reduced.

Further, when the gas turbine is started and stopped, a difference in thermal elongation along the axial direction of the rotor 6 occurs between the inner shroud 8b and the support ring 10, so that a bolt or the like is provided between the rib 8e and the downstream protrusion 10b. However, a slight gap is provided without being fastened, and the contact is made through the seal member 16. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2B, a seal groove 10e is provided on the vertical surface (contact side) of the groove 10d of the downstream protrusion 10b, and a seal member such as an E-ring is provided inside the seal groove 10e. 16 is arranged. By providing the seal member 16, even when a gap is generated between the vertical surface of the groove 10d of the downstream protrusion 10b and the rib 8e, the cooling air on the passenger compartment side is prevented from leaking to the space N side. The loss of passenger compartment air is reduced.
The seal member 16 may be provided on the rib 8e side. That is, the seal groove may be provided on the contact side of the rib 8e with the support ring 10, and the seal member may be disposed in the seal groove.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner shroud 8b has one segment formed in a substantially parallelogram (diamond) when viewed from the front, and is connected by a dividing surface so as to abut each other in the turbine circumferential direction. Yes. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, between the adjacent inner shrouds 8b, the horizontal seal plate 14 straddling between the butted end surfaces of the adjacent inner shrouds 8b so as to close the dividing gap K1 in the turbine circumferential direction of the inner shroud 8b. Is installed, and a vertical seal plate 15 is disposed between the retainers 8d adjacent to each other in the turbine circumferential direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), a rib seal plate 18 is also disposed between the adjacent ribs 8e in the radial direction.

  With such a configuration, the length from the rib 8e of the inner shroud 8b of the first stage stationary blade 8 to the downstream end face 8g can be reduced, so the amount of combustion gas that leaks from the main flow path R into the space N via the dividing gap K1. Can be reduced, and burning and welding cracks on the back surface of the inner shroud 8b and the upper portion of the support ring 10 can be avoided. Therefore, the gas turbine 1 can be operated for a long time, and the reliability of the gas turbine 1 is improved.

  In addition, since the seal member 16 is interposed between the rib 8e and the support ring 10, the rib 8e and the support ring 10 on the back surface side of the inner shroud 8b are connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the passenger compartment S. Airtightness of the partitioned partition wall function is ensured, and cooling air in the passenger compartment does not leak downstream from the rib 8e, so that loss of the cooling air amount can be suppressed.

  Next, the second embodiment will be described below based on the relationship between the position of the rib 8e of the inner shroud 8b and the throat line P of the blade body 8c. The present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that the position of the rib 8e of the first stage stationary blade 8 is arranged downstream of the throat line P as described below.

  That is, the wing body 8c is formed in an arc shape so as to taper toward the downstream side (right side in the drawing). In the present embodiment, one wing body 8c is provided for one inner shroud 8b.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rib 8e is downstream of the intersection Q between the throat line P connecting the contact points of the minimum inscribed circle associated with the blade shape of the adjacent blade body 8c and the dividing gap K2K1 of the adjacent inner shroud 8b. Arranged on the side.

  In such a configuration, the pressure of the combustion gas G in the main flow path R passing through the blade body 8c is high on the upstream side of the throat line P, but the pressure is rapidly reduced on the downstream side of the throat line P. Thus, the pressure between the first stage stationary blade 8 and the first stage moving blade 9 is almost the same as the interstage pressure.

  In the present embodiment, the rib 8e is disposed downstream of the intersection point Q between the throat line P and the dividing gap K1, so that the pressure of the main flow path R downstream of the throat line P and the space N There is almost no pressure difference. Therefore, the amount of combustion gas that leaks from the main flow path R into the space N via the division gap K1 is further reduced as compared with the first embodiment, and the back surface of the inner shroud 8b and the support ring 10 are further burned and welded. Reduced. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same effects can be obtained in this embodiment.

1 ... Gas turbine 8 ... Turbine stationary blade (single stage stationary blade)
8a ... Outer shroud 8b ... Inner shroud 8c ... Blade main body 8d ... Retainer 8e ... Rib 10 ... Support ring 10a ... Upstream projecting portion 10b ... Downstream projecting portion 10c ... Main body fixing portion 10e ... Seal groove (contact side)
16 ... Sealing member (E-ring)
G ... Combustion gas N ... Space P ... Throat line Q ... Intersection R ... Main flow path K1 ... Gap (division gap)

Claims (4)

An outer shroud that is plurally adjacent along the circumferential direction of the turbine and that constitutes the outer wall of the main flow path, an inner shroud that constitutes the inner wall, and combustion that protrudes from the surface of the inner shroud and flows from the upstream side to the downstream side of the main flow path A blade body that defines a gas flow, a retainer that protrudes from the upstream back surface of the inner shroud and extends along the turbine circumferential direction, and a rib that protrudes from the downstream back surface of the inner shroud and extends along the turbine circumferential direction;
With
The rib is located downstream of the intersection of the throat line connecting the contact points of the smallest inscribed circle associated with the blade shape of the blade body adjacent in the turbine circumferential direction and the dividing gap of the inner shroud adjacent in the turbine circumferential direction. A turbine vane characterized by being arranged. A turbine vane according to claim 1;
Provided between the turbine vane and the intermediate shaft cover, a support ring for supporting the turbine stator blades in the intermediate shaft cover,
A gas turbine comprising: The support ring is
  An upstream projecting portion disposed on the radially outer side and the upstream side in contact with a retainer projecting radially inward from the upstream rear surface of the inner shroud of the turbine stationary blade;
  A downstream projecting portion disposed on the radially outer side and the downstream side in contact with a rib projecting radially inward from the downstream back surface of the inner shroud of the turbine stationary blade;
  A body fixing portion fixed to the intermediate shaft cover and connected to the inside in the radial direction,
  The gas turbine according to claim 2, wherein the gas turbine is formed in an annular shape in a circumferential direction of the turbine. The support ring is
The gas turbine according to claim 3, wherein a seal member is provided on a contact side of the downstream projecting portion with the rib .

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