JP5881330B2 - Disaster response system and ID tag - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disaster response system and an ID tag, and more particularly, to a disaster response system and an ID tag that can always be prepared for a disaster and can reliably rescue a disaster victim in an emergency.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 listed below disclose emergency countermeasure systems used as conventional disaster countermeasures. According to Patent Document 1, a GPS mobile phone is distributed to each resident, and the location information from the GPS mobile phone owned by the resident is input, stored and analyzed in the regional management center. . In the event of disasters such as storms, heavy rain floods, and fires, it is possible to know the location and population distribution of each inhabitant who actually exists in the area that needs to be evacuated, and to manage accurate evacuation recommendations in line with reality To the individual residents (paragraph numbers 0001, 0005, etc.).

  Further, according to Patent Document 2, the ID tag and power supply possessed by an individual, having an ID tag that responds to a trigger signal, and a time-out means, and an entrance / exit management device that outputs the trigger signal. An entry / exit management system is disclosed. In this system, the ID tag outputs an identification number by turning on the power in response to the trigger signal, and the entrance / exit management device is provided only in the vicinity of the entrance / exit of the building and transmits a trigger signal for transmitting the trigger signal. Means and a recording means for receiving the identification number and recording it together with a time signal from the timing means when the ID tag outputs the identification number. Since the recording means records only the entry / exit time for each identification number, the entry / exit time to the building for each individual is recorded, so if you look at this record, whether a specific person went out of the building or outside, You can determine whether it remains inside.

JP 2003-44969 A Japanese Patent No. 4373703

  Conventional disaster response systems have been configured as described above. In Patent Document 1, it is necessary to distribute a GPS-compatible mobile phone to individuals, and there is a problem that introduction cost and running cost are incurred, and a short battery duration and a large error in position accuracy are likely to occur. According to Patent Document 2, the system can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. However, in recent disasters and fires such as huge earthquakes and tsunamis, the building itself does not retain its original shape, so it is buried in rubble. There is a problem that the concept of specifying whether a person or an object is located in a building cannot be understood.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and a disaster response system useful for reliably detecting and rescuing a victim even when a building or the like collapses and does not retain its original shape. The purpose is to provide.

  The disaster response system according to the present invention includes an ID tag that is held by an individual, has an identification number and a power source, responds to a trigger signal, and a trigger signal transmitter that outputs the trigger signal. The trigger signal includes a first trigger signal output at the normal time and a second trigger signal output at the time of a disaster. The ID tag controls to transmit in the first transmission mode when receiving the first trigger signal, and to transmit in the second transmission mode having a lower transmission frequency than the first transmission mode when receiving the second trigger signal. Including control means.

  Preferably, the trigger signal transmitter includes a first trigger transmitter provided at an entrance of the room and a second trigger transmitter provided regardless of the entrance, and the first trigger transmitter outputs the first trigger signal. Then, the second trigger transmitter outputs the second trigger signal.

  More preferably, the second trigger transmitter operates in response to a signal from disaster detection means for detecting a disaster provided outside.

  The control means may control to transmit in the first and second transmission modes when the first and second trigger signals are received.

  In another aspect of the invention, the ID tag is held by an individual, has an identification number and a power source, and responds to a trigger signal. The trigger signal includes a first trigger signal output at the normal time and a second trigger signal output at the time of a disaster. The ID tag controls to transmit in the first transmission mode when receiving the first trigger signal, and to transmit in the second transmission mode having a lower transmission frequency than the first transmission mode when receiving the second trigger signal. Including means.

  Preferably, when the first and second trigger signals are received, the control means controls to transmit in the first and second transmission modes.

  In the disaster response system according to the present invention, a trigger signal is received in the event of a disaster, and the system is continuously and spontaneously operated in a transmission mode with a low transmission frequency. Therefore, a signal from an ID tag can be output over a long period of time. As a result, even if the building or the like collapses and the original shape is not retained, the ID tag is notified from the ID tag over a long period of time, so that it is possible to provide a disaster response system and an ID tag that can surely rescue the victim.

1 is a plan view of a building to which a disaster response system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the trigger coil which outputs a trigger signal. It is a figure which shows the magnetic field which generate | occur | produces in a trigger coil. It is a schematic diagram of the coil of a triaxial magnetic field detection type tag. It is a figure which shows the magnetic field sensitivity directivity of the tag in each plane of the coil of a triaxial magnetic field detection type tag. It is a block diagram which shows the operation | movement content between the elements which comprise a disaster response system. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a trigger transmission apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the trigger unit for emergency situations. It is a block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ID tag. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a reader unit. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the trigger reader for a search. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the trigger unit for entrance / exit. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the trigger unit for emergency situations. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a battery use alerting | reporting part. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a tag. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a pause and trigger detection. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of an emergency and trigger detection. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a radio | wireless output execution process. It is a timing chart which shows the operation of a trigger signal, an ID tag, an earthquake occurrence, and an emergency trigger signal. It is a timing chart which shows the action | operation at the time of cancellation | release of an emergency. It is a timing chart which shows the operation at the time of searching for missing persons.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a building to which a disaster response system according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 (A) shows a state at the time of steady state, and FIG. 1 (B) shows a state at the time of disaster occurrence. Referring to FIG. 1A, a building 10 includes four rooms A to D adjacent to each other in the shape of a “field”. Each room A to D is provided with two entrances. That is, the room A is provided with the entrances 101 and 102, the room B is provided with the entrances 103 and 104, the room C is provided with the entrances 105 and 106, and the room D is provided with the entrances 107 and 108. Each room is provided with an opening for moving to an adjacent room. That is, an opening 110 is provided between the rooms A and B, an opening 111 is provided between the rooms B and C, and an opening 112 is provided between the rooms C and D. An opening 109 is provided between the rooms D and A.

  Each of the entrances 101 to 108 is provided with external trigger coils 101a to 108a for outputting a trigger signal at a position entering the interior from the outside of the room, and an internal trigger coil 101b for outputting the trigger signal to a position exiting from the interior of the room to the outside. To 108b are provided.

  Further, the openings 109 to 112 connecting the respective rooms are provided with trigger coils 109a to 112a for outputting a trigger signal on one side thereof, and trigger coils 109b to 112b for outputting a trigger signal on the other side thereof. ing. In response to signals from the entrance / exit trigger coils 109a to 112b, the ID tag 30 held by a person or an object outputs an ID signal for identifying itself and an entrance / exit ID for identifying an entrance / exit.

  Each room A to D receives an emergency signal such as an earthquake (not shown) that is provided separately from the disaster response system, and outputs an emergency trigger signal. Trigger coils 121 to 124 are provided. Each of the trigger coils 121 to 124 preferably outputs a trigger signal covering one room.

  A person holding the tag 30 activated by a trigger signal passes through the entrances 101 to 108 and the openings 109 to 112 and moves in a room in the building 10.

  Therefore, in normal times, the person or object carrying the ID tag 30 is activated by the magnetic field when passing through the trigger magnetic field generated by the trigger coil, and the magnetic field reads the data held by the ID tag 30, and the tag ID of the ID tag 30 and the trigger The trigger ID of the coil is paired and the data is transmitted by radio signal. Since the disaster response system can acquire the trigger area that has passed through the chronological order of the person or thing possessing the tag to transmit the information every time the trigger area is passed, the movement of the person or thing possessing the tag can be grasped.

  Referring to FIG. 1B showing the occurrence of a disaster, when the emergency trigger coils 121 to 124 are activated, each of the emergency trigger coils 121 to 124 is emergency, as shown in FIG. An emergency trigger signal is output in the range 121a to 124a so as to cover each room with the situation trigger coils 121 to 124 as the center. FIG. 1B also shows areas 101aa and 101ba that are covered by the trigger signal when the entrance / exit trigger coils 101a and 101b output the trigger signal. The same applies to the other entrance / exit trigger coils 102a to 112b.

  Next, a trigger coil that outputs a trigger signal and operates as a trigger signal transmitter will be described. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the trigger coil 21, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the directions of magnetic fields generated in two opposing coils in FIG. 2A. Referring to FIG. 2A, trigger coil 21 includes a pair of terminal coils 21a and 21g connected to a power source (not shown), coil portions 21b and 21f connected to terminal coil portions 21a and 21g, and a coil The coil portions 21b and 21f include a coil portion 21c and 21e constituting a pair of opposed coil portions, and a coil portion 21d that connects the coil portions 21c and 21e. The coil portions 21b to 21f are rectangular trigger coils 21. Is configured. The trigger coils 101 a to 112 a, the trigger coils 101 b to 112 b, and the emergency trigger coils 121 to 124 described with reference to FIG. 1 basically include the trigger coil 21. The trigger coils 101a to 112a and the trigger coils 101b to 112b operate as a first trigger signal transmitter, and the emergency trigger coils 121 to 124 operate as a second trigger signal transmitter.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, a reverse current flows alternately through the trigger coil 21. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2B, a magnetic field as indicated by an arrow in the drawing is generated around the trigger coil 21. Here, the direction in which the coil portions 21c and 21e extend is defined as the X direction, the direction in which the coil portions 21b and 21d extend is defined as the Y direction, and the direction orthogonal to the X and Y directions is defined as the Z direction.

  Next, the magnetic field generated around the trigger coil 21 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a magnetic field formed around the trigger coils 101a and 101b provided at the entrance / exit 101 of the room A. FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of a 3D tag, which will be described later, around the trigger coils 101a and 101b, a three-dimensional detection area (detection range of the ID tag 30) is formed. A person moves while holding a tag described later in the magnetic field. At this time, each of the trigger coils 101a and 101b outputs an area number for specifying the position of the trigger coil as shown in the figure. The trigger coils 101a and 101b output 101A and 101B as area numbers, respectively.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the ID tag 30 which responds by this magnetic field in the magnetic field space which the ID tag 30 produced by the magnetic field of the trigger coil 21 reacts is demonstrated. The ID tag 30 outputs an ID number and an area number for identifying itself in response to the trigger signals generated by these trigger coils.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detection coil constituting the ID tag when the ID tag 30 can detect the magnetic fields in the three-axis directions of the XYZ described above. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a detection coil in which the YZ plane is wound a plurality of times with magnetic field detection sensitivity in the X direction, and FIG. 4B is a multiple turn winding of the XZ plane having a magnetic field detection sensitivity in the Y direction. FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram showing a detection coil in which the XY plane is wound a plurality of times with magnetic field detection sensitivity in the Z direction. The ID tag 30 according to this embodiment has a configuration shown in FIG. 4D in which these three types of detection coils are combined.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the directivity of the magnetic field sensitivity in each plane of the ID tag 30 having the detection coil shown in FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the directivity of magnetic field sensitivity in the XZ plane, FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the directivity of magnetic field sensitivity in the XY plane, and FIG. 5C is a magnetic field in the YZ plane. It is a figure which shows the directivity of a sensitivity.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the ID tag 30 according to this embodiment has the same magnetic field sensitivity in all the three orthogonal axes.

  Next, the overall configuration of the devices constituting the disaster response system will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the devices constituting the disaster response system. Referring to FIG. 6, the disaster response system 10 includes a normal trigger unit 20 connected to each of the normal trigger coils 101 to 112 described in FIG. 1, an emergency trigger unit 40 that operates in an emergency, and an emergency. Including an earthquake sensor 43 for detecting a fire and a fire sensor 42 for detecting a fire. When the earthquake sensor 43 detects an earthquake, the emergency trigger unit 40 is activated. The fire sensor 42 detects fire and extinguishing and outputs a signal to that effect to the normal trigger unit 20 and the emergency trigger unit 40. The earthquake sensor 43 and the fire sensor 42 operate as disaster detection means.

  The normal trigger unit 20 outputs its own trigger ID, and the emergency trigger unit 40 receives a signal indicating an emergency such as the fire sensor 42 or the earthquake sensor 43, and triggers to release the trigger ID or the trigger ID. Output the ID.

  When the ID tag 30 detects these trigger signals, it outputs its own ID together with the trigger ID of each trigger unit 20, 40.

  This system includes a plurality of tag readers 52a to 52c that detect signals from the ID tag 30, an entrance / exit management server 50 connected to the tag readers 52a to 52c, and an entrance / exit management terminal 51 connected to the entrance / exit management server 50. including.

  The entrance / exit management server 50 can communicate with a portable emergency exploration terminal 61 for confirming whether or not all people have evacuated from the building 10 shown in FIG. The emergency search terminal 61 has an emergency power source 62 and a trigger reader 63, and searches for a person holding the ID tag 30 with the trigger reader 63. The trigger reader 63 has a trigger coil 63a and outputs an emergency or special trigger ID.

  The entry / exit management server 50 acquires the data of the ID tag 30 from the tag reader 52, determines the final location of the ID tag, is provided at a remote location via the Internet 66, and stores a remote server 64 and a fire station 65 etc. can be connected. Alternatively, it may be passed to an authentication device (not shown) and used for safety and security management. The entry / exit management server 50 is normally used for providing the final location information of the owner / exit of the ID tag 30, opening / closing by door authentication, detection of accompanying persons, detection of movement of managed substances, and the like.

  On the other hand, the ID tag 30 may respond to a trigger signal provided in the remote server 64, the fire department 65, or the like.

  Next, the configuration of the normal trigger unit 20 will be described. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the normal trigger unit 20. Referring to FIG. 7, the normal trigger unit 20 includes an MPU (Micro Processor Unit) 20 b that controls the entire normal trigger unit 20. The MPU 20b includes a trigger ID switch 20a that sets a trigger ID in the MPU 20b, a synchronization input circuit 20f that inputs a synchronization signal to the MPU 20b, and an emergency signal input unit 20g that inputs an emergency signal from the fire sensor 42.

  The MPU 20b further includes a pulse generation circuit 20c that generates a predetermined pulse, an output circuit 20d that outputs a trigger signal, and a trigger coil 21 that actually outputs the trigger signal.

  Next, the emergency trigger unit 40 will be described. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the emergency trigger unit 40. Referring to FIG. 8, emergency trigger unit 40 includes an MPU (Micro Processor Unit) 40 b that controls the entire emergency trigger unit 40. The MPU 40b includes a trigger ID switch 40a that sets an emergency trigger ID in the MPU 40b, a synchronization input circuit 40f that inputs a synchronization signal to the MPU 40b, and an emergency signal input unit 40g that inputs an emergency signal from the fire sensor 42. .

  The MPU 40b further includes a pulse generation circuit 40c that generates a predetermined pulse, an output circuit 40d that outputs a trigger signal, and a trigger coil 41 that actually outputs the trigger signal. The MPU 40b is provided with a battery 40i having a charging circuit 40h. The power supply of the battery 40i is controlled by the power supply control unit 40j, and the power supply control unit 40j controls the pulse generation unit 40c and the output circuit 40d.

  Next, the ID tag 30 will be described. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the ID tag 30. Referring to FIG. 9, an ID tag 30 includes a trigger sensor coil 30b, a 3D detection circuit 30c, a battery 30d, a power supply control circuit 30e, an MPU (Micro Processor Unit) 30a that controls the entire ID tag 30, Notification of the location of the FSK modulation unit 30f, the high-frequency oscillation circuit 30g, the antenna circuit 30h, and preferably the voice input circuit 30i, the temperature detection circuit 30j, and the ID tag 30 that can collect the biological information of the person holding the ID tag 30 It has an acoustic output 30k for notifying rescue activities and / or an optical output 30m.

  The MPU 30a operates as control means.

  The trigger sensor coil 30b is configured to receive a trigger signal from a trigger signal transmission unit (trigger coil) 21 provided in the normal trigger unit 20, and the 3D detection circuit 30c receives a signal received by the trigger sensor coil 30b. When it is recognized that is a trigger signal, the MPU is given a signal to stop the pause. The awakened MPU reads the trigger signal ID from the 3D detection circuit 30c. If there is no error in the data and the trigger ID is normal, the previous trigger ID in the memory is updated, and the ID number and trigger ID number of the ID tag are updated. These are combined, converted into a high-frequency signal by the FSK modulator 30f and the high-frequency oscillation circuit 30g, and transmitted from the antenna circuit 30h. The identification number corresponding to the number of the ID tag 30 is transmitted once after the time prepared in the table in the gap between the trigger signal and the trigger signal in the area near the trigger transmission antenna. If the trigger ID is an emergency ID, set the mode to emergency and combine the last normal ID recorded at regular intervals of several seconds to several tens of seconds and the ID number 30 of the ID tag if normal transmission is not performed Then, it is converted into a high frequency signal by the FSK modulation unit 30f and the high frequency oscillation circuit 30g and transmitted from the antenna circuit 30h. When the trigger ID is the emergency release ID, the mode is set to normal, the release ID and ID number 30 of the ID tag are combined at the same interval as the normal trigger ID, and the high frequency is generated by the FSK modulation unit 30f and the high frequency oscillation circuit 30g. It is converted into a signal and transmitted from the antenna circuit 30h. A specific operation will be described later with reference to a flowchart.

  The MPU 30a includes an A / D conversion circuit, and is connected to an audio input circuit 30i including a microphone and an amplifier, and a temperature detection circuit 30j such as an infrared type. The microphone is used to confirm the life and death by collecting the voice and friction sound of the victim when the owner of the ID tag 30 encounters a disaster. The temperature detection circuit 30j is used for detecting the body temperature of the owner of the ID tag 30 and confirming whether it is alive or dead. These data are called vital data.

  Such biometric information is triggered by the ID tag 30, and after almost the position can be specified, the operation of the ID tag 30 is switched by the trigger's special ID (audio sensor, temperature sensor ID), and individual ID tags are Effective in situations where it can be activated. When the voice input circuit 30i or the temperature detection circuit 30j is activated, the ID tag is returned together with the ID number of the ID tag for returning the information of each sensor, instead of the trigger ID. Therefore, even if a plurality of tags respond, they can be identified.

  The ID tag 30 is provided not only with receiving a trigger signal and outputting an ID signal, but also with an optical output circuit 30m that generates light and an acoustic output circuit 30k that outputs buzzer sound as described above. May be. If the light is output, the ID tag 30 can be easily found at night, and if a buzzer is generated, the ID tag 30 can be detected by relying on sound.

  Next, the tag reader 52 will be described. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the tag reader 52. Referring to FIG. 10, tag reader 52 includes a receiving antenna 52a, a receiving circuit 52b, a data demodulator 52c, an MCU 52d, a NIC circuit 52e, a DIO circuit 52f, and an input / output circuit 52g of RS232C. The DIO circuit 52f and the input / output circuit 52g of the RS232C are connected to the MCU 52d.

  Next, the search trigger reader 63 will be described. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the trigger reader 63. Referring to FIG. 11, trigger reader 63 includes a receiving antenna 63a, a receiving circuit 63b, a data demodulator 63c, an MCU 63d, a NIC circuit 63e, a DIO circuit 63f, and an input / output circuit 63g of RS232C. The DIO circuit 63f and the input / output circuit 63g of the RS232C are connected to the MCU 63d.

  The search trigger reader 63 further includes a key input circuit 63h, a display circuit 63j, a trigger output circuit 63j, a trigger level adjustment circuit 63k, and a trigger coil 63m.

  Next, a specific operation of the disaster response system will be described. 12 to 18 are flowcharts of main elements constituting the disaster response system, and FIGS. 19 to 21 are timing charts showing signals output from the main elements.

  First, the operation of the normal trigger unit 20 will be described. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the normal trigger unit 20, and the trigger signal output from the normal trigger unit 20 is shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 19, the normal trigger unit 20 operates when the power is turned on (step S11, the following steps are omitted), and sets a normal ID (S12). Next, it is determined whether or not it is a synchronous mode (S13). A trigger signal is output (S14), and it is determined whether the emergency mode is set and the flag A is 1 (S15). As will be described later with reference to FIG. 19, if an earthquake or the like occurs and the emergency mode is set and the toggle processing flag A is 1 (YES in S15), the emergency ID is set (S18), and the flag A is set. It is set to 0 (S19), and the timer is set at 35 ms (S20).

  If it is the emergency mode and the flag A is not 1 (NO in S15), 1 is set in the flag A, the normal ID is set (S17), and the timer is set in 35 ms (S20). Thereafter, the process returns to S13 after waiting for the timer to reach 0, and this process is repeated thereafter.

  Next, the operation of the emergency trigger unit 40 will be described. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the operation of the emergency trigger unit 40. With reference to FIG. 13 and FIG. 19, the emergency trigger unit 40 operates when the power is turned on (step S21), and determines whether or not an emergency is set or canceled (S22). Next, it is determined whether or not the emergency mode is set (S23). If it is the emergency mode (YES in S23), the emergency ID is set (S24), otherwise (NO in S23), the release ID is set (S25). Thereafter, the timer is set at 85 ms (S26), waits for the timer to become 0, returns to S22, and thereafter, this process is repeated.

  Next, the operation of the battery usage notification unit will be described. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of the battery usage notification unit. Referring to FIG. 14, when the battery usage notification unit is turned on (step S31), the battery usage notification unit operates to determine whether or not the battery is being used ( S32). Next, if the battery is being used (S32 YES), the buzzer is turned on (S34). If not (NO in S32), the buzzer is turned off and the process returns to S32. Thereafter, this process is repeated.

  Next, the operation of the ID tag 30 will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the ID tag 30. Referring to FIG. 15, the ID tag 30 operates when a battery is set (S40), and determines whether or not it is an emergency mode (S41). ). If it is not the emergency mode (NO in S41), a pause / trigger is detected (S42). If it is an emergency mode (YES in S41), an emergency trigger is detected (S43).

  It is determined whether or not a special ID exists (S44). If a special ID exists (YES in S44), the special ID mode is executed (S47).

  If the special ID does not exist (NO in S44), it is determined whether or not the release ID exists (S45). If the release ID exists (YES in S45), the emergency mode is released (S48).

  If no release ID exists (NO in S45), it is determined whether or not an emergency ID exists (S46). If an emergency ID exists (YES in S46), the emergency mode is set ( S49), wireless output is executed (S51). If the emergency ID does not exist, the trigger ID record is updated (S50) and wireless output is executed (S51).

  Thereafter, the process returns to S41.

  Next, the operation of the process for detecting the pause / trigger shown in S42 of FIG. 15 will be described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the contents of the pause / trigger detection process. Referring to FIG. 16, the pause / trigger detection process is basically in the pause mode (S421). When the trigger magnetic field is detected (YES in S422), the trigger ID is detected (S423), the microcomputer is activated (S424), and it is determined whether the data is normal (S425). If the data is normal (YES in S425), the process returns to the main routine.

  If the trigger magnetic field is not detected in S422 (NO in S422), the trigger ID is not detected in S423 (NO in S423), or if the data is abnormal in S425, the process returns to S421.

  Next, the operation of the trigger detection process in the emergency shown in S43 of FIG. 15 will be described. FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the contents of trigger detection processing in an emergency. With reference to FIG. 17, in the trigger detection process in an emergency, the autonomous transmission counter S is set (S431). Next, the trigger ID is detected (S432), and it is determined whether the data is normal (S433). If the data is normal (YES in S433), the process returns to the main routine.

  If the trigger ID is not detected in S432 (NO in S432) or the data is abnormal in S433 (NO in S433), the counter S is counted down (S434), and the process proceeds to S432.

  Next, the operation of the wireless (RF) transmission process shown in S58 of FIG. 15 will be described. FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the contents of the RF transmission process. Referring to FIG. 18, in the RF transmission process, the transmission timing is acquired from the transmission interval table (S511). Waiting for the timer to become zero (S512, 513), RF transmission is performed (S514).

  Next, the operation of the disaster response system will be described. FIG. 19 is a timing chart of the trigger signal and the signal of the ID tag 30 when the disaster response system changes from a normal operation to an emergency. Referring to FIG. 19, the timing chart includes a diagram (a) showing the output state of the trigger signal of the normal trigger coil, a diagram (b) showing the operation of the ID tag in the trigger area, and the ID tag outside the area. Figure (c) showing the output state, Figures (d) and (e) showing, for example, the occurrence of an earthquake and an emergency signal for detecting it, and the state of the output signal of the emergency special ID trigger coil The figure (f), the figure (g) which shows the state of a commercial power supply, and the figure (h) which show the transition of the power supply of an emergency trigger are included. In the figure, the ID tag is abbreviated as a tag.

  Referring to FIG. 19, normally, as shown in (a), the normal trigger coil operates in a steady mode (indicated by a white square in the figure). When an earthquake occurs, the earthquake sensor 43 detects it (indicated by an arrow A), and the normal trigger coil alternately outputs a steady mode and an emergency mode (indicated by a black square in the figure) (indicated by an arrow B). At the same time, an emergency signal (e) is generated (indicated by arrow C), and the emergency trigger unit 40 outputs a signal indicating an emergency mode having a special ID (f).

  The first trigger signal is a trigger signal that the normal trigger unit 20 outputs in a steady mode, and the second trigger signal is a trigger signal that the emergency trigger unit 40 outputs in an emergency.

  Although commercial power is available for a while after the earthquake, commercial power (g) is not supplied over time (indicated by arrow D), so the emergency trigger unit 40 (h) is powered from the battery. Is supplied.

  As shown in (b), the ID tag 30 transmits in a normal mode (first transmission mode) during normal times, but enters an intermittent transmission mode (second transmission mode) in an emergency. Both modes are mixed at the beginning of detecting an emergency, but after power loss, in a space where neither a normal trigger nor an emergency trigger exists, the intermittent transmission mode is set in order to notify the location while preserving the battery. In normal triggers, data is about 1.2mS somewhere between 1mS and 33mS immediately after trigger transmission at intervals of 50mS and in emergency triggers at intervals of 100mS. Data is transmitted at random timing such as an average interval of 10 seconds, a minimum of 2 seconds, and a maximum of about 20 seconds.

  Next, emergency cancellation processing will be described. FIG. 20 is a timing chart illustrating this process. Referring to FIG. 20, here, the type of trigger ID to be output (a), power failure recovery (b), emergency release signal switch input (c), emergency trigger activation and release signal (d), ID Output of tag 30 (e), signal (f) indicating charging of emergency trigger (g), transition of normal trigger output mode (g), and transmission of ID tag ID tag from inside to outside of normal trigger area The transmission state (h) is shown.

  Referring to FIG. 20, an emergency ID is output as signal (a) indicating the emergency described with reference to (f) of FIG. When the power supply returns to normal after returning from this state (FIG. 20B), charging of the emergency trigger is started (arrow A in the figure). After a while, the emergency release signal switch is input manually (or externally activated) (FIG. 20C). When the emergency release signal switch is input (FIG. 20 (d), arrow C1 in the figure), the emergency ID trigger that has been output so far is changed to the release ID trigger (arrow F in the figure), and a certain interval Is output. At the same time, the normal trigger shifts to the steady mode when the emergency is released (arrow D in the figure).

  The ID tag 30 receives this cancellation ID and outputs its own ID and area ID (FIG. 20 (e), arrow E in the figure). The emergency release signal switch is also turned off manually (external activation) (C2 in the figure).

  When the release trigger is activated, release IDs are output at regular intervals (arrow F in the figure).

  Next, the operation | movement at the time of searching for a missing person etc. using the emergency search terminal 61 is demonstrated. The emergency search terminal 61 has the latest information on the final location of the ID tag 30 from the entrance / exit management server 50. As described above, the emergency exploration terminal 61 is an anti-theft countermeasure that is independent of the building 10 and is a robust and waterproof container, and the emergency power supply, the emergency trigger ID, and the release trigger ID for releasing the emergency, A trigger coil 63a that can output a trigger area ID, a handy or a coil that can be widely deployed, and a directional antenna that can detect a direction, receive a signal transmitted by the ID tag 30, and finally transmit the ID tag and the ID tag Incorporates an independently operable reception display device that displays the trigger area ID, its radio wave intensity, and identification information of the person or object of the tag.

  The emergency exploration terminal 61 is installed in a safe evacuation guidance place that can be easily rescued even when the building 10 is collapsed. The trigger area ID of the evacuation guidance place is obtained from the evacuated person or object, the ID of the ID tag 30 is read, and a list of evacuees and unidentified persons (this is determined based on whether there is an emergency flag) is created.

  If the emergency situation persists, rescue operations can be performed based on the final position information of the unidentified person based on this information. In search activities after evacuation, detection of the direction of transmission of the ID tag 30 in the intermittent transmission mode with a directional antenna, generation of a trigger magnetic field of dozens to several meters, and a nearby tag can be called up to identify the location Can do. Further, the tag holder and the biometric information of the tag holder can be obtained by outputting the tag ID and the biological information as a pair by the special ID.

  As described above, since the trigger signal can create a dome-shaped detection range generated around the trigger coil 63a, the trigger signal can be adjusted to adjust the trigger level until the ID tag 30 is not visible. Since it is also possible to measure the distance, it is possible to search the position by the three-dimensional method.

  Next, the output timing of signals when searching for specific missing persons and the like will be described. FIG. 21 is a timing chart of related signals in this case.

  Even if the building 10 including the room collapses and the person with the ID tag 30 is buried in the rubble of the building and cannot move in an emergency, use the portable trigger reader 63 to search for the buried ID tag 30. Thus, it becomes possible to search for a person or object having the ID tag 30.

  Further, since the ID tag 30 adds the ID of the entrance / exit that has passed through to its own ID for transmission, it is possible to guess the last position of the person or the like to whom the tag is attached. Further, since the ID tags 30 are transmitted at random timings, signal collision can be avoided even if a plurality of tags share the same channel.

  FIG. 21 is a timing chart showing activation of emergency mode and transmission of vital data. Here, the transmission state (a) of the trigger signal of the emergency exploration terminal 61 and the transmission state (b) of vital information from the ID tag 30 that has received the special trigger ID of the ID tag 30 are shown. It should be noted that the transmission status (b) of the vital information of the ID tag 30 is enlarged (c), and a speaker (buzzer sound) is generated from the ID tag 30 that has received another special trigger ID, and the LED is lit. (D) is shown.

  Referring to FIG. 21, portable emergency search terminal 61 can output an emergency ID or special ID (A in the figure). The ID tag 30 receives this and outputs vital data B.

  The trigger reader 63 of the portable emergency exploration terminal 61 decodes the vital data and demodulates it as continuous analog vital data.

  The entrance / exit trigger coils 101 to 112 preferably have a backup power source that can be driven for several hours after an earthquake occurs.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the entrance / exit trigger coil and the emergency trigger coil operate separately has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the entrance / exit trigger coil receives a signal from the emergency trigger coil. The operation mode may be changed to an emergency mode different from the steady state, thereby changing the operation state of the ID tag. Each facility preferably has water resistance, fire resistance, and earthquake resistance.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the case where the emergency trigger coil was provided in each of four rooms was demonstrated, this may be one if the whole building can be covered.

  As described above, in this embodiment, when earthquake information, a fire occurrence, etc. occurs, a signal from the emergency signal generator is received, and the inactive emergency trigger signal generator is activated to cover the building. Generate a trigger signal. Even if a power failure occurs immediately after this, the battery is driven and a signal is generated for a certain time. The normal trigger unit detects the signal from the emergency signal generator or the magnetic field signal of the emergency trigger unit, mixes the normal trigger area ID and the emergency trigger ID, and sends the ID tag intermittently in the emergency situation Operate in mode. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect a victim at the time of a disaster.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same scope or equivalent scope as the present invention.

  Since the disaster response system according to the present invention can reliably detect a disaster victim at the time of a disaster, it is advantageously used as a disaster response system.

  10 building, 20 normal trigger unit, 30 ID tag, 40 emergency trigger unit, 42 fire sensor, 43 earthquake sensor, 50 entry / exit management server, 52 tag reader, 61 emergency exploration terminal, 63 trigger reader, 101-108 entrance 110-112 opening part, 101a-112b entrance / exit trigger coil, 121-124 emergency trigger coil.

Claims (6)

An ID tag held by an individual, having an identification number and a power supply, and responding to a trigger signal;
A trigger signal transmitter for outputting the trigger signal;
The trigger signal includes a first trigger signal output at a normal time and a second trigger signal output at a disaster,
When the ID tag receives the first trigger signal, the ID tag transmits in the first transmission mode, and when the second trigger signal is received, the ID tag operates in a spontaneous second transmission mode having a lower transmission frequency than the first transmission mode. A disaster response system that includes control means for controlling transmission. The trigger signal transmitter includes a first trigger transmitter provided at a doorway of a room and a second trigger transmitter provided independently of the doorway, and the first trigger transmitter transmits the first trigger signal. The disaster response system according to claim 1, wherein the second trigger transmitter outputs the second trigger signal. The disaster response system according to claim 2 , wherein the second trigger transmitter operates in response to a signal from a disaster detection means for detecting a disaster provided outside. 4. The disaster response system according to claim 2 , wherein when the first and second trigger signals are received, the control unit performs control so as to transmit in the first and second transmission modes. 5. An ID tag held by an individual, having an identification number and a power supply, and responding to a trigger signal,
The trigger signal includes a first trigger signal output at a normal time and a second trigger signal output at a disaster,
When the first trigger signal is received, transmission is performed in the first transmission mode, and when the second trigger signal is received, control is performed so that transmission is performed in the spontaneous second transmission mode having a lower transmission frequency than the first transmission mode. An ID tag including a control means. 6. The ID tag according to claim 5, wherein when the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal are received, the control unit controls to transmit in the first and second transmission modes.

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