JP5871825B2 - Wavelength multiplexing PON system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wavelength division multiplexing PON system, and more particularly to a technique that is applied to a station side apparatus OLT (OSU) of a PON system and realizes multi-branching of the PON system at a low cost.

  In the access network, a PON (Passive Optical Network) system standardized by IEEE and ITU-T is widely adopted. The PON system is a configuration in which a receiving station and a plurality of subscribers are coupled by a single optical fiber via an optical branching unit disposed outside the station, and the upstream signal and downstream signal are the same depending on different wavelengths. It is transmitted in both directions on the optical fiber. The downlink signal is a continuous signal in which a signal for each subscriber is multiplexed using a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, and a subscriber device (ONU: Optical Network Unit) arranged in a user's home is The data at the time position allocated to itself is received from the continuous signal branched in the optical branching unit. The upstream signal is a burst signal that is intermittently transmitted from the ONU, and is merged by an optical branching device to become a TDM signal, which is sent to the accommodation station. In this system, the optical fiber from the accommodation station to the optical branching unit and the station side device (OLT: Optical Line Terminal) arranged in the accommodation station can be shared by a plurality of subscribers. Access services can be provided economically.

  In order to respond to further increase in traffic in the future, if the speed of the line rate is pushed up by using the TDM technology, a higher-speed electric circuit is required, and its realization is expected to be extremely difficult. Even if it can be realized, it is inevitable that the apparatus cost and power consumption increase. On the other hand, a WDM / TDM-PON system in which a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique is used in combination with a TDM technique has been proposed. According to this, an access having a total capacity of 40 Gb / s can be obtained without using an electric circuit having a speed exceeding 10 Gb / s by bundling TDM signals having a line rate of 10 Gb / s with 4 wavelengths (8 wavelengths considering the upper and lower signals). A system can be constructed.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a WDM / TDM-PON system. This system is configured to accommodate a plurality of subscriber devices 82 by using not only the optical branching unit 83 outside the station but also the optical branching unit 12 inside the station. By using the in-house branch in addition to the out-of-office branch, it is possible to accommodate more expanded subscribers and to operate the system efficiently. The accommodating station 81 includes an optical concentrator 13 and N station-side transceivers 11 mounted in the OLT in addition to the optical splitter 12. In the figure, only the station-side transceiver 11 is shown, and OLT is omitted.

The optical concentrator 13 is used so that any station-side transceiver 11 can accommodate any ONU 82. Thereby, when there is little congestion, the station side transceiver 11 to which the ONU 82 is connected is shifted to reduce the power consumption of the OLT, and when there is a congested station side transceiver 11, the station side A part of the ONU 82 accommodated in the transceiver 11 can be replaced with the station-side transceiver 11 with less congestion to distribute the load. The optical concentrator 13 is composed of an optical passive component, and M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input. Input / output ports. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the light concentrator 13. In both cases, the case of M = 3 and N = 3 is illustrated, and the signal wavelength #q input to the input port #p is described as λ _pq .

  FIG. 2A shows a configuration using the optical branching device 131 (Non-Patent Documents 1-3). When three wavelengths are input to an input port of an upstream signal, the same three wavelengths are output to all output ports. Although not shown, the same can be said for the downstream signal. The transmission wavelength and the reception wavelength of the ONU 82 are both variable, and the station-side transceiver 11 is configured to fix both the transmission wavelength and the reception wavelength. The ONU 82 transmits an uplink signal TDM for each wavelength, and is received by any station-side transceiver 11 by changing the transmission wavelength. On the other hand, the station-side transceiver 11 transmits a TDM downlink signal for each ONU 82 to be accommodated, and the ONU 82 selects a reception wavelength and receives data at a time position assigned to itself. Which station side transmitter / receiver 11 transmits a downlink signal addressed to a certain ONU 82 is allocated by a distributor (not shown) arranged at a higher level, but is allocated to which station side transmitter / receiver 11. Even if it is received, it is received by an arbitrary ONU 82 by changing the reception wavelength.

  FIG. 2B shows a configuration using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) 132. This AWG 132 is a revolving AWG in which the transmission wavelength interval (Δw) between adjacent ports and the FSR (F) have a relationship of F = N × Δw. When three wavelengths are input to an input port of an upstream signal, one wavelength is output to each output port. When the same three wavelengths are input to the other input ports, three different wavelengths corresponding to the input ports are output to each output port due to the circulatory property of the AWG. Although not shown, the downlink signal is reversed. However, it is necessary to make the upstream and downstream wavelength bands correspond to different FSRs of the AWG 132 and to share input / output ports for upstream and downstream multiplexing / demultiplexing. It is assumed that both the ONU 82 and the station side device are variable in transmission wavelength and do not select a reception wavelength. The ONU 82 transmits an upstream signal to be TDM at the optical concentrator output (station side transceiver input), and is received by any station side transceiver 11 by changing the transmission wavelength. However, since this TDM signal is generated by an upstream signal input from a different input port of the AWG 132, the wavelength differs for each input port. On the other hand, the station-side transceiver 11 transmits a downstream signal that is also TDM at the output of the optical concentrator, and is received by an arbitrary ONU 82 by changing the transmission wavelength. Since this TDM signal is also generated by a downlink signal input from a different input port of the AWG 132, the wavelength differs for each input port.

  FIG. 2C shows a configuration using the AWG 133 and the optical branching device 131 (Non-patent Documents 5-7). The present AWG 133 does not have the same circulation as the AWG 132 in FIG. Therefore, the wavelength that can be input to a certain input port of the upstream signal is fixed. The wavelength transmitted through the AWG 133 is branched by the optical branching device 131 at the subsequent stage and branched to all output ports. The reverse signal is reversed. However, as in the case of FIG. 2B, it is necessary to make the upstream and downstream wavelength bands correspond to different FSRs of the AWG 133 and to share the input / output ports in the upstream and downstream multiplexing / demultiplexing. Although both the ONU 82 and the station-side transceiver 11 are made variable in transmission wavelength, the ONU 82 does not select the reception wavelength, whereas the station-side transceiver 11 selects the reception wavelength. The ONU 82 transmits an uplink signal that is TDM at the input of the station-side transceiver 11 that accommodates the ONU 82. Since the TDM signal is generated by an upstream signal input from a different input port of the AWG 133, the wavelength is different for each input port. Accordingly, the station-side transceiver 11 receives TDM signals having different wavelengths by selecting a reception wavelength at high speed. Even if the station-side transmitter / receiver 11 to which the ONU 82 is connected is changed, the station-side transmitter / receiver 11 only needs to change the selection order of reception wavelengths, and can be received by any station-side transmitter / receiver 11. On the other hand, the station-side transceiver 11 transmits a downstream signal that is TDMed at the AWG 133 output, and is received by an arbitrary ONU 82 by changing the transmission wavelength. This TDM signal is generated by a single wavelength since the input port of the AWG 133 is common even if the transmitting / receiving transceiver 11 on the station side is different.

  As described above, any ONU 82 can be accommodated by any station-side transceiver 11 by coupling the ONU 82 having wavelength variability and the station-side transceiver 11 to the access network via the optical concentrator 13. It becomes. However, in the access network of FIG. 1, transmission path loss due to the optical branching unit 83 outside, the optical branching unit 12 inside the station, and the optical concentrator 13 is large, and the power budget required for the system becomes severe. In general, a receiver that receives an upstream burst signal has lower reception sensitivity than a receiver that receives downstream continuous signals, and it is difficult to satisfy the power budget requirements.

  On the other hand, in TDM-PON, a technique has been proposed in which the combined loss of uplink signals in an optical branching unit is reduced and the requirements for the power budget of the system are relaxed (Non-patent Document 8). FIG. 3 shows the system configuration. Here, similarly to FIG. 1, in addition to the outside optical branching unit 83, the case where the in-house optical branching unit 24 (four branches in the figure) is arranged is illustrated. In an ordinary on-site / outside branching type PON, an optical branching unit is used for branching in-house. Here, one optical branching unit 24, one optical combining unit 25, and the number of wavelengths equal to the number of branching units in the site are used. A multiplexer / demultiplexer 26 (WDM optical filter) is used. The downlink signal sent from the transmitter 21 is branched by the optical branching device 24 and sent to each wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer 26. The optical branching unit 24 can also combine upstream signals simultaneously with downstream signal branching, but here only the former is performed. On the other hand, the upstream signal for each branch in the station is multiplexed / demultiplexed with the downstream signal in the wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer 26. Furthermore, the light is combined at an optical combiner 25, also called a mode combiner, and then received at a receiver 22.

  FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the optical combiner 25. FIGS. 4A and 4B show cases where a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) and a single mode fiber (SMF) waveguide are used, respectively. In any case, one end face of a plurality of single mode waveguides 252 arranged radially in a plane is bundled. The optical signals are merged in the slab waveguide 251 and the fusion part 256 shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). These confluence portions maintain a confinement in the plane perpendicular direction of the optical signal incident from the other end face of the plurality of single mode waveguides 252 and pass through a certain distance in a state where the boundary between the single mode waveguides 252 is eliminated. The optical signals are merged. Since the mode field diameter of the combined optical signal is wider than the mode field diameter of the SMF, a multi-mode optical fiber (MMF) 253 is connected to the confluence portion so that the combined optical signal can be transmitted without leakage. Confine in the fiber. This overcomes the drawback of the optical branching device, which in principle increases the junction loss as the number of branches increases (1 / N for N × 1 branch), and is required for the system in uplink signal transmission. Power budget can be greatly reduced. In fact, with the configuration of FIG. 4A, an 8 × 1 optical combiner is realized with a merge loss within 2 dB (Non-Patent Document 9).

  Although this technique is desired to be applied to the WDM / TDM-PON having the configuration of FIG. 1, when a high-speed optical signal is transmitted to the MMF 253 which is the output of the optical combiner 25, it is extremely short due to the effect of mode dispersion. There is a problem that the optical signal is significantly deteriorated even at a distance. In order to avoid this, the optical concentrator 13 disposed immediately before the receiver 22 needs to have the function of the optical combiner 25, but the optical concentrator 13 distributes the upstream signal to the N station side transceivers 11. The optical combiner 25 that combines the upstream signal with one output is incompatible with the configuration and cannot be realized.

JP 2012-120136 A

“Proposal for Total Bandwidth Extension Type WDM / TDM-PON and Dynamic Wavelength Band Allocation” 2009 IEICE General Conference (B-10-107) “Proposal of fair bandwidth allocation method according to service class in tunable WDM / TDM-PON” 2012 IEICE General Conference (B-8-17) "Wavelength-tunable WDM / TDM-PON for next-generation optical access networks" 2012 IEICE Technical Report (CS2012-30) “40 GBIT / S-CLASS-λ-TUNABLE WDM / TDM-PON USING TUNABLE B-TX AND CYCLIC AWG ROUTER FOR FLEXIBLE PHOTONIC REGIONATION NETWORKS” EcoC2012. "Wavelength-tunable WDM / TDM-PON for increasing ONU capacity" 2010 IEICE Society Conference (B-10-41) “Uplink signal evaluation of tunable WDM / TDM-PON using 1 × n AWG” 2011 IEICE General Conference (B-10-74) "Downlink signal characteristics of tunable WDM / TDM-PON using 1xn AWG" 2011 IEICE General Conference (B-10-75) "PDS configuration method with reduced confluence of upstream signals" 1997 IEICE General Conference (B-10-112) "Quartz waveguide type 8x1 optical mode combiner" 1996 IEICE Electronics Society Conference (C-160)

  An object of the present invention is to alleviate requirements for system power budget in uplink signal transmission.

  In order to achieve the above object, the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention applies an optical merging / branching device to WDM / TDM-PON. As a result, the present invention can improve the branching loss in the upstream direction, so that the multi-branching can be achieved without increasing the power of the LD mounted on the ONU. Therefore, the present invention can relax the requirements for the power budget of the system in uplink signal transmission.

The wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention is
Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength and reception wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
And N station side transceivers,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators. ,
The N optical concentrators include M first input / output ports that receive upstream signals and output downstream signals, and N second input / output ports that receive upstream signals and receive downstream signals. The upstream signal transmitted from the subscriber unit is output to all of the N second input / output ports regardless of the transmission wavelength,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength to a single multimode output,
The N station side transceivers select and receive a reception wavelength from an uplink signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength,
The N station side transceivers input a downlink signal time-division multiplexed for each subscriber apparatus as a destination to a single downlink signal input port of the N optical add / drop units,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators branch a downstream signal into M according to the connection, and output the branched signals from the M first input / output ports.
The subscriber unit selects and receives data at a wavelength and time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the unit is superimposed,
It is characterized by that.

The wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention is
Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
And N station-side transceivers with variable transmission wavelengths,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators,
The N optical concentrators include M first input / output ports that receive upstream signals and output downstream signals, and N second input / output ports that receive upstream signals and receive downstream signals. And the transmission wavelength interval (Δw) between adjacent ports and FSR (F) is a recurring AWG having a relationship of F = N × Δw, and the uplink signal transmitted from the subscriber unit has a transmission wavelength Depending on the output to one of the N second input / output ports,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed to a single multi-mode output,
The N station side transceivers receive the time-division multiplexed uplink signal,
The N station side transceivers input a downlink signal time-division multiplexed at the subscriber unit input to a single downlink signal input port of the N optical add / drop units,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators output downlink signals time-division multiplexed from the M first input / output ports according to the connection,
The subscriber device receives data at a time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the device is superimposed.
It is characterized by that.

The wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention is
Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
N station-side transceivers with variable transmission and reception wavelengths,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators,
The N optical concentrators include an AWG having M first input / output ports from which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second optical ports from which the upstream signal is output and the downstream signal is input. An optical branching unit having a plurality of input / output ports is coupled between a single input / output port, and an uplink signal transmitted from the subscriber unit transmits a transmission wavelength corresponding to the input / output port of the connected AWG. And output to all of the N input / output ports of the optical splitter,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed to a single multi-mode output,
The N station side transceivers receive the time-division multiplexed uplink signal by selecting a wavelength,
The N optical terminators input a downstream signal time-division multiplexed at the subscriber unit input to a single downstream signal input port of the N optical merging / branching devices,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators output downlink signals time-division multiplexed from the M first input / output ports according to the connection,
The subscriber device receives data at a time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the device is superimposed.
It is characterized by that.

In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention,
The optical merging / branching unit separates the upstream signal in multimode and combines the downstream signal in single mode with optical merging / branching means for merging upstream signals in multimode and branching downstream signals in single mode. The structure which added the signal combining / separating means may be sufficient.

In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention,
The optical merging / branching unit includes optical merging / branching means for merging upstream signals in multimode and branching downstream signals in single mode, and bidirectional light for propagating upstream signals in multimode and propagating downstream signals in single mode. You may be comprised by the propagation means and the upper / lower signal combining / separating means which isolate | separates an upstream signal in multimode and couple | bonds a downstream signal in single mode.

In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention,
The bidirectional light propagation means may be a dual mode optical fiber.

In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention,
The bidirectional light propagation means may be constituted by a spatial lens system.

In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention,
The optical merging / branching device includes a directional coupling element connected in series in N stages having a non-equal waveguide width, and an optical branching device that divides a downstream signal into N, and an upstream signal is generated by the directional coupling device. The downstream signal that is output after being subjected to mode conversion to a cross port and that is N-branched by the optical branching device may be output to the through port of the directional coupling element without being subjected to mode conversion.

The containment station of the present invention
A receiving station that receives uplink signals from a plurality of subscriber devices,
N (N is a natural number) optical concentrators, N optical combiners, and N station-side receivers,
Each light concentrator has M first input / output ports and N second input / output ports,
Each optical combiner has N third input / output ports and one multimode input / output port,
The N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator are connected to the N third input / output ports of each optical concentrator so that there is no overlap between the optical concentrator and the optical concentrator,
N optical concentrators output an upstream signal from a subscriber unit input to one of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports,
N optical combiners combine the upstream signal input to the third input / output port with the multimode input / output port,
N station-side transceivers receive the uplink signal output from the multimode input / output port.

The uplink signal receiving method of the accommodation station of the present invention is:
An uplink signal reception method of a receiving station that receives uplink signals from a plurality of subscriber devices,
N (N is a natural number) optical concentrators, N optical combiners, and N station-side receivers,
Each light concentrator has M first input / output ports and N second input / output ports,
Each optical combiner has N third input / output ports and one multimode input / output port,
The N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator are connected to the N third input / output ports of each optical concentrator so that there is no overlap between the optical concentrator and the optical concentrator,
A procedure in which N optical concentrators output an upstream signal from a subscriber unit input to one of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports; ,
A procedure in which N optical combiners combine the upstream signal output from the multimode input / output port to the multimode input / output port;
The N station side transceivers receive the upstream signal,
Have

  The above inventions can be combined as much as possible.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the requirements of the system power budget in upstream signal transmission can be eased.

The structural example of a WDM / TDM-PON system is shown. The 1st structural example of an optical concentrator is shown. The 2nd structural example of an optical concentrator is shown. The 3rd structural example of an optical concentrator is shown. The structural example of the TDM-PON system for reducing the confluence | merging loss of the upstream signal in an optical branching device, and relieving the power budget requirement of a station side transmitter / receiver is shown. The 1st structural example of an optical combiner is shown. The 2nd structural example of an optical combiner is shown. 1 shows a configuration example of a wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to a first embodiment. The structural example of the optical combining branching device of 2nd embodiment is shown. The structural example of the optical combining branching device of 3rd embodiment is shown. The 1st example of the refractive index profile of a dual mode optical fiber is shown. The 2nd example of the refractive index profile of a dual mode optical fiber is shown. The structural example of the optical confluence branching device of 4th embodiment is shown. The structural example of the optical combining branching device of 5th embodiment is shown. The 1st example of operation | movement of a multimode conversion and confluence | merging element is shown. The 2nd example of operation | movement of a multi-mode conversion and confluence | merging element is shown. The 3rd example of operation | movement of a multimode conversion and a confluence | merging element is shown. An example of the mode refractive index change by a waveguide width is shown.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the present specification and drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

  The wavelength division multiplexing PON system of the present invention is a PON system in which a plurality of ONUs 82 and one accommodating station 81 are connected by an optical line having a PON topology. The accommodating station 81 includes N (N is a natural number) optical concentrators 13, N optical combiners 14 and N station-side receivers. Each optical concentrator 13 has M first input / output ports and N second input / output ports. Each optical combiner has N third input / output ports and one multimode input / output port. The N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator 13 are connected to the N third input / output ports of each optical combiner 14 so that the optical concentrator and the optical combiner do not overlap. The N optical concentrators output the upstream signal from the subscriber unit input to any of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports. The N optical combiners combine the upstream signal input to the third input / output port to the multimode input / output port, and the N station side transceivers receive the upstream signal output from the multimode input / output port. Receive a signal.

The uplink signal reception method of the accommodating station 81 of the present invention is as follows:
Procedure for N optical concentrators 13 to output an upstream signal from a subscriber unit input to one of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports. When,
A procedure in which N optical combiners combine the upstream signal input to the third input / output port to the multimode input / output port;
A procedure in which N station-side transceivers 11 receive an upstream signal output from a multimode input / output port;
In order.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment according to the present invention. In the WDM / TDM-PON system according to the present embodiment, the accommodating station 81 includes N optical concentrators 13, N optical merging / branching devices 14, and N station-side transceivers 11 mounted in the OLT. Is done.

  In this system, an optical merging / branching unit 14 is used instead of the optical branching unit 12 shown in FIG. The configurations of the optical concentrator 13 and the optical converging / branching device 14 are the same as those described in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. With respect to the transmission direction of the upstream signal, in FIG. 1, the optical branching device 12 is arranged in the order of the optical concentrator 13, but in this system, the optical concentrating device 13 is arranged in the order of the optical converging branching device 14. The number of light concentrators 13 increases by N-1. The N input / output ports from which the upstream signal of the optical add / drop device 14 is input and the downstream signal is output are referred to as third input / output ports. The N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators 13 and the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching units 14 overlap the optical concentrator 13 and the optical converging / branching unit 14. Not connected.

  According to this connection, the N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator 13 are connected to the third input / output ports of the N optical add / drop units 14 coupled to the station-side transceiver 11 without omission. Therefore, as in the configuration of FIG. 1, an arbitrary ONU 82 can be accommodated in an arbitrary station-side transmitting / receiving device. Further, since the optical add / drop device 14 is arranged immediately before the station-side transceiver 11, it is possible to receive an uplink signal with almost no influence of mode dispersion.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. The optical merging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment is a TFF (Thin Film Filter) inserted obliquely into the slab waveguide 251 portion of the optical merging device 25 whose schematic structure is shown in FIG. ) 141, a downstream signal input port 145, and an input signal slab waveguide adding portion 144. Here, the TFF 141 uses an optical filter (wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer) designed to reflect downstream signal light and transmit upstream signal light.

  Downstream signal light input to the PLC circuit from the downstream signal input port 145 via the SMF 113 passes through the input signal slab waveguide adding section 144, is reflected by the TFF 141, passes through the slab waveguide 142, and passes through each slab waveguide 142. The signal is output to the SM waveguide 143 connected to the subscriber device. On the other hand, the upstream signal light input from each subscriber unit to the PLC circuit via each SM waveguide 143 passes through the slab waveguide 142 and the TFF 141, and is merged and emitted to the MMF 114.

  At this time, if the transmitter 111 and the receiver 112 are connected to the end of the SMF 113 and the receiver 112 to the end of the MMF 114, the function of the optical add / drop device 14 that can be realized from a plurality of optical devices in the accommodation station shown in FIG. It can be realized by the optical device.

  If the optical merge branching device 14 according to the present embodiment is used, the number of parts can be greatly reduced, and the connection relationship of optical devices can be simplified. As a result, the initial investment cost and the reliability of the system are reduced due to the complexity of the configuration and the number of parts, and the size of the device is increased because a large number of optical devices must be housed in the device. It becomes possible to suppress.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment according to the present invention. The optical merging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which a dual mode optical fiber (DMF: Dual Mode Fiber) is connected to the PLC of FIG. Although FIG. 7 illustrates the case where the PLC is used, the fused SMF waveguide shown in FIG. 4B may be used.

  The DMF 146 is an optical fiber that supports both SM transmission and MM transmission. The SM transmission core and the clad serve as the MM transmission core, and the MM transmission clad is formed on the outer side. As shown in FIG. 8A, the refractive index distribution is configured in a step shape in the radial direction of the cross section of the optical fiber in the order of SM core → SM clad → MM clad. The refractive index of the cladding for SM transmission may be continuously changed as shown in FIG. This has the advantage that the effect of mode dispersion during MM transmission can be greatly reduced compared to FIG. 8 (a).

  The PON upstream signals incident on the PLC SM waveguide are merged in the slab waveguide 142, confined in the MM core of the DMF 146 and transmitted. On the other hand, the downstream signal of the PON incident on the SM core of the DMF 146 is emitted in a certain angle range at the connection point between the DMF 146 and the slab waveguide 142, branched to an equal light intensity, and without leaking. Coupled to the waveguide 143.

  When a downstream signal is incident on the MMF of the optical combiner illustrated in FIG. 4A, the range of the emission angle at the connection point between the MMF 253 and the slab waveguide 251 is large, and is not coupled to each SMF waveguide 252. Although most leaks and causes a very large loss, by utilizing DMF 146, this loss can be approached to zero in principle. In other words, the present optical combiner / branch unit 14 is an ultra-low loss optical combiner (mode combiner) for upstream signals when used in both directions, and the 1 / N principle for downstream signals. It functions as a normal optical branching device having a typical merge loss.

  Even if the optical converging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment is used, the number of parts can be greatly reduced and the connection relationship of the optical devices can be simplified. As a result, the initial investment cost and the reliability of the system are reduced due to the complexity of the configuration and the number of parts, and the size of the device is increased because a large number of optical devices must be housed in the device. It becomes possible to suppress.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. The optical merging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment has a configuration using a spatial lens system instead of the DMF in the optical merging / branching device 14 according to the third embodiment. The upstream signal incident on the SM waveguide 143 is merged by the MM in the slab waveguide 142 and is coupled to the core of the MMF using a spatial lens system. It may be coupled directly to the receiver 112 without using the MMF.

  On the other hand, the downstream signal incident on the SMF is SM propagated using a spatial lens system, and the light beam profile at the exit end of the SMF is imaged on the entrance end of the slab waveguide 142. The downstream signal incident on the slab waveguide 142 is branched to equal light intensity in the slab waveguide 142 and coupled to each SM waveguide 143, as in the case of using DMF. Instead of using SMF, the SM output from the transmitter 111 may be directly coupled to the incident end of the slab waveguide 142 by the lens 147.

  The multiplexing / demultiplexing of the upstream signal and downstream signal is not limited to the wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer (WDM filter) 141, and may be performed by an optical circulator.

  Even if the optical converging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment is used, the number of parts can be greatly reduced and the connection relationship of the optical devices can be simplified. As a result, the initial investment cost and the reliability of the system are reduced due to the complexity of the configuration and the number of parts, and the size of the device is increased because a large number of optical devices must be housed in the device. It becomes possible to suppress.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment according to the present invention. The optical combining / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment uses four multimode conversion / merging devices 149. Each multimode conversion / merging element 149 is formed of a non-equal-width directional coupling element, for example, as shown in the schematic layout diagrams shown in FIGS. Each multimode conversion / merging element 149 is a port connected to a wide waveguide, and four elements are connected in series with the multimode waveguide, and one end is connected to the receiver 112 via the MMF 114. . Also, one port connected to the narrow waveguide of each multimode conversion / merging element 149 is connected to the SM waveguide 143 connected to each subscriber unit, and the other port is connected to the splitter element 148 to be finally connected. Is connected to the transmitter 111 via the SMF 113.

The operation characteristics of each multimode conversion / merging element 149 will be described with reference to examples of non-equal-width directional coupling elements shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (c).
First, using FIG. 11 (a), FIG. 11 (b), and FIG. 12, how the upstream signal light having a wavelength of 1.27 μm is mode-converted and merged will be described. As shown in FIG. 11A, when 0th-order mode light having a wavelength of 1.27 μm is input to the port connected to the narrow waveguide 121, the mode conversion is performed at the unequal width directional coupling element portion, and the cross port is used. It is output to a port connected to a certain thick waveguide 122. The number of orders after mode conversion is uniquely determined by the combination of the waveguide widths of the unequal width directional coupling element portions. When the waveguide widths of the narrow waveguide 121 and the wide waveguide 122 are set to 3.5 μm and 9.2 μm, respectively, as shown by the bold lines in the graph of FIG. The mode refractive index of the 1.27 μm zero-order mode light coincides with the mode refractive index of the first-order mode light having the wavelength of 1.27 μm propagating through the wide waveguide 122, and the phase matching is achieved. Therefore, if the working length and gap width of the non-equal-width directional coupling element are appropriately designed, when 0th-order mode light having a wavelength of 1.27 μm is input to the port connected to the narrow waveguide 121, the wide-width guide that is a cross port is used. First-order mode light is output to the port connected to the waveguide 122. Similarly, when the waveguide widths of the narrow waveguide and the wide waveguide are set to 3.5 μm and 14.9 μm, respectively, the secondary mode light is output to the port connected to the wide waveguide.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the transverse mode light of each order having a wavelength of 1.27 μm input to the port connected to the thick waveguide 122 is not subjected to mode conversion and has a non-uniform width. It passes through the portion and is output to a port connected to the wide waveguide 122 which is a cross port. If the combination of the waveguide widths is designed so that the order of each mode output from the port connected to the wide waveguide 122 does not overlap, the configuration of the optical circuit shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. A low-loss multimode conversion / merging device can be realized.

  Next, a case where downstream signal light having a wavelength of 1.57 μm is incident will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 11C, a case where 0th-order mode light having a wavelength of 1.57 μm is input to a port connected to the narrow waveguide 121 is considered. The thin line in the graph of FIG. 12 represents the waveguide width dependence of the mode refractive index of each mode with a wavelength of 1.57 μm.

  When the waveguide widths of the narrow waveguide 121 and the wide waveguide 122 are set to 3.5 μm and 9.2 μm, respectively, the phase matching is achieved although not as much as when the wavelength is 1.27 μm. Furthermore, signal light with a wavelength of 1.57 μm has a longer wavelength and lower confinement in the waveguide than signal light with a wavelength of 1.27 μm, so that mode conversion is more than 80% with a shorter working length compared to 1.27 μm. And transfer of signal light between the waveguides occurs. Further, when the action length is doubled from the point where the transfer amount is maximized, the 0th-order mode light having a wavelength of 1.57 μm can be output to the through port without being subjected to mode conversion.

  The wavelength dependence of the degree of mode conversion and the transfer of signal light between waveguides is linear with respect to the action length, and is proportional to the overlap integral of the Gaussian function with respect to the gap width, so that the upstream signal light with a wavelength of 1.27 μm 11 (a) and 11 (b) for multi-mode conversion and merging for both downstream signal light having a wavelength of 1.57 μm and the operation shown in FIG. 11 (c). An element can be realized.

  In the case of a multimode conversion / merging element that converts from the 0th-order mode to the 1st-order mode, the waveguide width, action length, and gap width are 3.5 μm, 9.2 μm, 800 μm, and 2.3 μm, respectively. In the case of an element that converts to the next mode, 3.5 μm, 14.9 μm, 1100 μm, 2.3 μm, and in the case of an element that converts to the third mode, 3.5 μm, 21.0 μm, and 1400 μm, respectively. In the case of an element that converts to 2.3 μm and the fourth-order mode, the wavelengths as shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C are 3.5 μm, 27.0 μm, 1800 μm, and 2.6 μm, respectively. It is possible to realize a multimode conversion / merging element that also has a multiplexing / demultiplexing function.

  In the entire PLC circuit, the above-described 0th order → first order multimode conversion / merging element 149, 0th order → secondary multimode conversion / merging element 149, 0th order → third order multimode conversion / merging element 149, 0th order → 3 Next, the multimode conversion / merging element 149 is connected in series as shown in FIG. 10, one of the remaining two ports of each multimode conversion / merging element 149 is connected to the splitter element 148, and the other port is connected to each subscriber. Design to be an input / output port connected to the device.

  Even if the optical converging / branching device 14 according to the present embodiment is used, the number of parts can be greatly reduced and the connection relationship of the optical devices can be simplified. As a result, the initial investment cost and the reliability of the system are reduced due to the complexity of the configuration and the number of parts, and the size of the device is increased because a large number of optical devices must be housed in the device. It becomes possible to suppress.

  The present invention can be applied to the information communication industry.

11: Station side transmitter / receiver 12: Optical branching device 13: Optical concentrator 14: Optical merging / branching device 21, 111: Transmitter 22, 112: Receiver 23: Optical merging / branching device 24: Optical branching device 25: Optical merging device 26 : Wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer 81: OLT
82: ONU
83: Optical splitter 113: SMF
114: MMF
121: Narrow waveguide 122: Wide waveguide 131: Optical splitter 132: Circulating AWG
133: AWG
141: wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer 142: slab waveguide 143: single mode waveguide 144: input signal slab waveguide adder 145: downstream signal input port 146: DMF
147: Lens 148: Splitter element 149: Multimode conversion / merging element 251: Slab waveguide 252: Single mode waveguide 253: Multimode waveguide 254: Clad 255: Core 256: Fusion part

Claims (10)

Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength and reception wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
And N station side transceivers,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators. ,
The N optical concentrators include M first input / output ports that receive upstream signals and output downstream signals, and N second input / output ports that receive upstream signals and receive downstream signals. The upstream signal transmitted from the subscriber unit is output to all of the N second input / output ports regardless of the transmission wavelength,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength to a single multimode output,
The N station side transceivers select and receive a reception wavelength from an uplink signal time-division multiplexed for each wavelength,
The N station side transceivers input a downlink signal time-division multiplexed for each subscriber apparatus as a destination to a single downlink signal input port of the N optical add / drop units,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators branch a downstream signal into M according to the connection, and output the branched signals from the M first input / output ports.
The subscriber unit selects and receives data at a wavelength and time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the unit is superimposed,
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
And N station-side transceivers with variable transmission wavelengths,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators,
The N optical concentrators include M first input / output ports that receive upstream signals and output downstream signals, and N second input / output ports that receive upstream signals and receive downstream signals. And the transmission wavelength interval (Δw) between adjacent ports and FSR (F) is a recurring AWG having a relationship of F = N × Δw, and the uplink signal transmitted from the subscriber unit has a transmission wavelength Depending on the output to one of the N second input / output ports,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed to a single multi-mode output,
The N station side transceivers receive the time-division multiplexed uplink signal,
The N station side transceivers input a downlink signal time-division multiplexed at the subscriber unit input to a single downlink signal input port of the N optical add / drop units,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators output downlink signals time-division multiplexed from the M first input / output ports according to the connection,
The subscriber device receives data at a time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the device is superimposed.
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. Subscriber device with variable transmission wavelength,
N optical concentrators having M first input / output ports to which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second input / output ports to which an upstream signal is output and a downstream signal is input,
It has N third input / output ports through which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and the upstream signal input from the N third input / output ports is converted into a single multimode input / output port. N optical merging / branching units that combine and N-divide a downlink signal input from a single downlink signal input port and output the N signal from the N third input / output ports;
N station-side transceivers with variable transmission and reception wavelengths,
A wavelength multiplexing PON system comprising:
The subscriber unit inputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed at the N station-side transceiver inputs to one of the M first input / output ports of the N optical concentrators,
The N optical concentrators include an AWG having M first input / output ports from which an upstream signal is input and a downstream signal is output, and N second optical ports from which the upstream signal is output and the downstream signal is input. An optical branching unit having a plurality of input / output ports is coupled between a single input / output port, and an uplink signal transmitted from the subscriber unit transmits a transmission wavelength corresponding to the input / output port of the connected AWG. And output to all of the N input / output ports of the optical splitter,
The upstream signals output from the N second input / output ports of the N optical concentrators are connected to the N third input / output ports of the N optical converging / branching devices to the optical concentrator and the optical confluence branch. Are connected so that there is no duplication of devices, and outputs an upstream signal time-division multiplexed to a single multi-mode output,
The N station side transceivers receive the time-division multiplexed uplink signal by selecting a wavelength,
The N optical terminators input a downstream signal time-division multiplexed at the subscriber unit input to a single downstream signal input port of the N optical merging / branching devices,
The N optical merging / branching units N-divide a downstream signal and output it from the N third input / output ports.
The N optical concentrators output downlink signals time-division multiplexed from the M first input / output ports according to the connection,
The subscriber device receives data at a time position on which a downlink signal addressed to the device is superimposed.
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to claims 1 to 3,
The optical merging / branching unit separates the upstream signal in multimode and combines the downstream signal in single mode with optical merging / branching means for merging upstream signals in multimode and branching downstream signals in single mode. It is a configuration to which signal combining / separating means is added.
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to claims 1 to 3,
The optical merging / branching unit includes optical merging / branching means for merging upstream signals in multimode and branching downstream signals in single mode, and bidirectional light for propagating upstream signals in multimode and propagating downstream signals in single mode. Consists of propagation means and upper and lower signal combining / separating means for separating the upstream signal in multimode and combining the downstream signal in single mode,
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to claim 5,
The bidirectional light propagation means is a dual mode optical fiber;
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to claim 5,
The bidirectional light propagation means is constituted by a spatial lens system;
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. In the wavelength division multiplexing PON system according to claims 1 to 3,
The optical merging / branching device includes a directional coupling element connected in series in N stages having a non-equal waveguide width, and an optical branching device that divides a downstream signal into N, and an upstream signal is generated by the directional coupling device. The downstream signal that is output after being mode-converted to a cross port and that is N-branched by the optical splitter is output to the through port of the directional coupling element without being mode-converted.
A wavelength division multiplexing PON system. A receiving station that receives uplink signals from a plurality of subscriber devices,
N (N is a natural number) optical concentrators, N optical combiners, and N station-side receivers,
Each light concentrator has M first input / output ports and N second input / output ports,
Each optical combiner has N third input / output ports and one multimode input / output port,
The N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator are connected to the N third input / output ports of each optical concentrator so that there is no overlap between the optical concentrator and the optical concentrator,
N optical concentrators output an upstream signal from a subscriber unit input to one of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports,
N optical combiners combine the upstream signal input to the third input / output port with the multimode input / output port,
N station side transceivers receive the upstream signal output from the multimode input / output port.
Containment Bureau. An uplink signal reception method of a receiving station that receives uplink signals from a plurality of subscriber devices,
N (N is a natural number) optical concentrators, N optical combiners, and N station-side receivers,
Each light concentrator has M first input / output ports and N second input / output ports,
Each optical combiner has N third input / output ports and one multimode input / output port,
The N second input / output ports of each optical concentrator are connected to the N third input / output ports of each optical concentrator so that there is no overlap between the optical concentrator and the optical concentrator,
A procedure in which N optical concentrators output an upstream signal from a subscriber unit input to one of the M first input / output ports to at least one of the N second input / output ports; ,
A procedure in which N optical combiners combine the upstream signal output from the multimode input / output port to the multimode input / output port;
The N station side transceivers receive the upstream signal,
A method for receiving an uplink signal of a receiving station.

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