JP5861835B2

JP5861835B2 - Chuck

Info

Publication number: JP5861835B2
Application number: JP2012133651A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 祥弘早川
Original assignee: Howa Machinery Ltd
Current assignee: Howa Machinery Ltd
Priority date: 2012-06-13
Filing date: 2012-06-13
Publication date: 2016-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-13
Also published as: JP2013255967A

Description

本発明は、チャック軸線方向に移動可能な駆動部材により爪開閉部材をチャック半径方向に揺動させて成るチャックに関する。 The present invention relates to a chuck formed by swinging a claw opening / closing member in a chuck radial direction by a drive member movable in the chuck axial direction.

従来、チャック本体に、チャック半径方向に揺動可能な爪開閉部材を設け、爪開閉部材の先端には把握爪が装着され、チャック軸線方向に移動可能な駆動部材により爪開閉部材をチャック半径方向に揺動させ、把握爪によってワークをクランプ、アンクランプするようにしたチャックが知られている。そして、引用文献１記載のように、揺動部材（爪開閉部材）に設けた孔に左右一対のピンをはめ、このピンの先端部をばねによりベアリングレース（支持部）に形成される斜面に押し込むことで、アンクランプ時に、揺動部材が所定の位置で保持されるようになっている。また、ワークをクランプする時に、ワークの外形が真円でない場合や、ワークの軸芯がチャック軸線からずれている場合には、把握爪の一方の側部が他方の側部より先にワークの外周面に当接するので、前記左右のピンがばね力に抗して後退して前記他方の側部がワークに当接するまで揺動部材が軸線回りに回動するようになっている。 Conventionally, the chuck body has been provided with a claw opening / closing member that can swing in the chuck radial direction, a gripping claw is mounted on the tip of the claw opening / closing member, and the claw opening / closing member is moved in the chuck radial direction by a drive member that can move in the chuck axis direction. A chuck is known in which the workpiece is clamped and unclamped by a gripping claw. Then, as described in Cited Document 1, a pair of left and right pins are fitted into holes provided in the swing member (claw opening / closing member), and the tip of the pins is formed on a slope formed on the bearing race (support portion) by a spring. By pushing, the oscillating member is held at a predetermined position during unclamping. Also, when clamping the workpiece, if the workpiece outer shape is not a perfect circle, or if the workpiece core is displaced from the chuck axis, one side of the gripping claw will be placed before the other side of the workpiece. Since it abuts on the outer peripheral surface, the swinging member rotates about the axis until the left and right pins retract against the spring force and the other side abuts against the workpiece.

実開平５−４９２０７号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-49207

上記のチャックでは、左右のピンの間にロッドを介在させ、ワークをクランプする時に、ワークの外形が真円でない場合や、ワークの軸芯がチャック軸線からずれている場合には、揺動部材の回動によって左右のピンがばね力に抗して前記ロッドに当接するまで後退する。そのロッドは、ロッドに左右のピンが当接した時に、ピンの先端部とベアリングレースの斜面とを係合させる長さである。従って、アンクランプ時には、ばねにより左右のピンの先端部がベアリングレースの斜面に押し付けられ、揺動部材が軸線回りに回動して所定の位置に戻るようになっている。ところが、ワークの外形が真円でない場合や、ワークの軸芯がチャック軸線からずれている場合には、ワークのクランプ、アンクランプを繰り返していると、左右のピンが繰り返しロッドに当接してロッドが磨耗や破損するおそれがあった。また、ばねのばね力に抗して左右のピンが繰り返し後退していると、ばねに繰り返し荷重がかかり、所定のばね力を維持できないおそれがあった。 In the above chuck, when a rod is interposed between the left and right pins and the workpiece is clamped, if the workpiece has an outer shape that is not a perfect circle or if the workpiece axis is displaced from the chuck axis, the swinging member The left and right pins move backward until they abut against the rod against the spring force. The rod has such a length that the tip of the pin and the slope of the bearing race are engaged when the left and right pins contact the rod. Therefore, at the time of unclamping, the tip portions of the left and right pins are pressed against the slope of the bearing race by the spring, and the swinging member rotates about the axis and returns to a predetermined position. However, if the workpiece has an outer shape that is not a perfect circle, or if the workpiece core is displaced from the chuck axis, if the workpiece is clamped and unclamped repeatedly, the left and right pins repeatedly contact the rod. There was a risk of wear or damage. Further, if the left and right pins are repeatedly retracted against the spring force of the spring, there is a possibility that a load is repeatedly applied to the spring and the predetermined spring force cannot be maintained.

よって、ロッドやばねが上記のような状態であると、アンクランプ時に、把握爪や揺動部材にワーク等の衝突による衝撃力が加わった場合には、ピンの先端部と斜面との係合が解除する状態まで揺動部材が軸線回りに回動してしまい、ばねによって左右のピンを外方へ付勢しても、ピンの先端部をベアリングレースの斜面に押し付けることができず、揺動部材を所定の位置に戻すことができなかった。そして、アンクランプ時に、把握爪を所定の位置で保持できないために、複数の把握爪によるワークを挿入する空間が形成されず、次のワークをクランプ出来なくなる問題があった。
そこで本発明の課題は、上記問題点に鑑み、アンクランプ時に、把握爪が確実に所定の位置で保持されるようにしたチャックを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, when the rod or spring is in the above state, when the impact force due to the collision of the workpiece or the like is applied to the gripping claw or the swinging member during unclamping, the pin tip and the slope are engaged. The swinging member will rotate around the axis until it is released, and even if the left and right pins are biased outward by the spring, the tip of the pin cannot be pressed against the slope of the bearing race, The moving member could not be returned to the predetermined position. Further, since the grasping claw cannot be held at a predetermined position at the time of unclamping, there is a problem that a space for inserting a workpiece by a plurality of grasping claws is not formed, and the next workpiece cannot be clamped.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a chuck in which a grasping claw is securely held at a predetermined position during unclamping.

本発明は、チャック本体に、チャック半径方向に揺動可能な爪開閉部材を設け、爪開閉部材の先端には把握爪が装着され、チャック軸線方向に移動可能な駆動部材により爪開閉部材をチャック半径方向に揺動させ、把握爪によってワークをクランプ、アンクランプするようにしたチャックにおいて、爪開閉部材の軸部には一対の平行な平面と軸部の外方に向けて傾斜する一対の傾斜面を連設し、チャック本体を構成する後ボディに前記軸部を案内する案内溝が設けられ、案内溝の両端には、前記傾斜面が嵌め込まれる溝部が設けられ、ワークのクランプ時に、案内溝と一対の平行な平面との隙間の範囲内で爪開閉部材の軸線回りの回動を可能にし、把握爪をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させてワークをアンクランプする時には、軸部が案内溝から一方の溝部に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面が一方の溝部に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材の装着方向を変更し、把握爪をチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させてワークをアンクランプする時には、軸部が案内溝からもう一方の溝部に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面がもう一方の溝部に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材の軸線回りの回動が防止されるようにしたことを特徴とする。 In the present invention, the chuck body is provided with a claw opening / closing member that can swing in the chuck radial direction, a gripping claw is attached to the tip of the claw opening / closing member, and the claw opening / closing member is chucked by a drive member that can move in the chuck axis direction. In a chuck that swings in the radial direction and clamps and unclamps the workpiece with a gripping claw, the shaft part of the claw opening / closing member has a pair of parallel planes and a pair of slopes that incline toward the outside of the shaft part A guide groove for guiding the shaft portion is provided in the rear body constituting the chuck body, and a groove portion into which the inclined surface is fitted is provided at both ends of the guide groove. When the claw opening / closing member can be rotated around the axis within the gap between the groove and a pair of parallel flat surfaces, and the workpiece is unclamped by swinging the gripping claw outward in the chuck radial direction, Guide Moves toward one groove, a pair of inclined surfaces are fitted into one groove, changes the mounting direction of the claw opening / closing member, swings the gripping claw inward in the chuck radial direction, and unclamps the workpiece When the shaft portion moves from the guide groove toward the other groove portion, the pair of inclined surfaces are fitted into the other groove portion, so that the rotation of the claw opening / closing member around the axis line is prevented. Features.

本発明では、爪開閉部材の軸部には一対の平行な平面と軸部の外方に向けて傾斜する一対の傾斜面を連設し、チャック本体を構成する後ボディに前記軸部を案内する案内溝が設けられ、案内溝の両端には、前記傾斜面が嵌め込まれる溝部が設けられ、ワークのクランプ時に、案内溝と一対の平行な平面との隙間の範囲内で爪開閉部材の軸線回りの回動を可能にし、把握爪をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させてワークをアンクランプする時には、軸部が案内溝から一方の溝部に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面が一方の溝部に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材の装着方向を変更し、把握爪をチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させてワークをアンクランプする時には、軸部が案内溝からもう一方の溝部に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面がもう一方の溝部に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材の軸線回りの回動が防止されるようにしたので、爪開閉部材の装着方向の変更により、ワークの外径をクランプするチャックや、ワークの内径をクランプするチャックであっても、アンクランプ時に、複数の把握爪によるワークを挿入する空間を確実に形成することになる。 In the present invention, a pair of parallel planes and a pair of inclined surfaces inclined toward the outside of the shaft portion are connected to the shaft portion of the claw opening / closing member, and the shaft portion is guided to the rear body constituting the chuck body. Guide grooves are provided at both ends of the guide groove, and groove portions into which the inclined surfaces are fitted are provided, and the axis of the claw opening and closing member is within the gap between the guide groove and the pair of parallel planes when clamping the workpiece. When the workpiece is unclamped by swinging the gripping claw outward in the chuck radial direction, the shaft moves from the guide groove to one groove, and the pair of inclined surfaces When the workpiece is unclamped by changing the mounting direction of the claw opening / closing member and swinging the gripping claw inwardly in the chuck radial direction, the shaft part moves from the guide groove to the other groove part. Move and a pair of inclined surfaces fit into the other groove It is, since the axis of rotation about the pawl opening and closing member is to be prevented, by changing the mounting direction of the claw opening and closing member, chuck or clamping the outer diameter of the workpiece, a chuck for clamping the inner diameter of the workpiece However, when unclamping, a space for inserting a work by a plurality of grasping claws is surely formed.

本実施形態のチャックを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the chuck | zipper of this embodiment. 図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面図である。It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線断面図である。It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 爪開閉部材を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a nail | claw opening / closing member. 把握爪をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させた状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which rocked the holding nail | claw to the outward of the chuck | zipper radial direction. 図５の状態から、爪開閉部材を前方に移動させた状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which moved the nail | claw opening / closing member to the front from the state of FIG. 図２のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線断面図である。It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図５、６のＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ線断面図である。It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 他の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows other embodiment. 図９のＸ−Ｘ線断面図である。FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9.

図１に示すチャック１のチャック本体２は、図示しない取付ボルトによって前ボディ３の後端面を後ボディ４で塞ぎ、内側に内部空間５が形成されている。チャック本体２のチャック軸線ＣＬ上には駆動部材６が配置され、図示しない駆動源によりチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の前、後方へ移動するようになっている。駆動部材６は、軸形状の案内部材６ａに、後述する各爪開閉部材１１に対応するように形成した係合部材６ｂが取り付けられたものである。前ボディ３にはガイド孔７が穿設され、そのガイド孔７に前記駆動部材６の先端部が案内されている。また、このガイド孔７を前ボディ３前面から塞ぐようにストッパ部材８が取り付けられている。前ボディ３には、複数（本実施形態では３つ）の段付きの支持孔９が円周方向に等間隔に穿設されている。各支持孔９の小径孔側は前記内部空間５に連通し、大径孔側は前ボディ３の前面に開口している。各支持孔９には段付き形状の支持部１０が固着され、各支持部１０にはチャック半径方向に揺動するように爪開閉部材１１が夫々設けられている。各支持部１０にはシール部材１２が配設され、支持孔９の大径孔を塞ぐように蓋部材１３が取り付けられている。 The chuck body 2 of the chuck 1 shown in FIG. 1 has an inner space 5 formed inside by closing the rear end surface of the front body 3 with a rear body 4 by mounting bolts (not shown). A drive member 6 is disposed on the chuck axis CL of the chuck body 2 and is moved forward and backward in the direction of the chuck axis CL by a drive source (not shown). The drive member 6 is obtained by attaching an engagement member 6b formed to correspond to each claw opening / closing member 11 described later to an axial guide member 6a. A guide hole 7 is formed in the front body 3, and the tip end portion of the driving member 6 is guided in the guide hole 7. A stopper member 8 is attached so as to close the guide hole 7 from the front surface of the front body 3. A plurality (three in this embodiment) of stepped support holes 9 are formed in the front body 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The small-diameter hole side of each support hole 9 communicates with the internal space 5, and the large-diameter hole side opens on the front surface of the front body 3. A stepped support portion 10 is fixed to each support hole 9, and each support portion 10 is provided with a claw opening / closing member 11 so as to swing in the chuck radial direction. Each support portion 10 is provided with a seal member 12, and a lid member 13 is attached so as to close the large-diameter hole of the support hole 9.

前記支持部１０の内周には、爪開閉部材１１に形成した球状部１４と同一径の内周面１５及び、爪開閉部材１１の球状部１４と同一径の球面１６が形成されている。爪開閉部材１１は先端に把握爪１７の取付け部１８が形成され、その取付け部１８に前記球状部１４、軸部１９が連設されている。軸部１９には、後述する貫通孔２４に向けて装着孔２０が設けられ、その装着孔２０に付勢機構２１の付勢部材２２が摺動自在に装着されている。付勢機構２１は付勢部材２２とバネ部材２３とから成り、付勢部材２２と前記装着孔２０の底面との間にバネ部材２３を介在させ、付勢部材２２を後ボディ４に当接させることでバネ部材２３のバネ力により爪開閉部材１１がチャック本体２の前方へ移動するようになっている。球状部１４には、チャック軸線ＣＬと直交する方向に貫通孔２４が設けられている。その貫通孔２４に、貫通孔２４との間に隙間Ｓ１を形成するような軸径を有する軸部材２５が挿通されている。図３に示すように、軸部材２５の両端は支持部１０に夫々保持されている。このことから、爪開閉部材１１は軸部材２５に対して前、後方へ移動可能となっている。また、爪開閉部材１１は、前記隙間Ｓ１の範囲内で支持孔９の軸線を中心に揺動することができる。 An inner peripheral surface 15 having the same diameter as the spherical portion 14 formed on the claw opening / closing member 11 and a spherical surface 16 having the same diameter as the spherical portion 14 of the claw opening / closing member 11 are formed on the inner periphery of the support portion 10. The claw opening / closing member 11 has an attachment portion 18 for the grasping claw 17 at the tip, and the spherical portion 14 and the shaft portion 19 are connected to the attachment portion 18. The shaft portion 19 is provided with a mounting hole 20 toward a through hole 24 described later, and a biasing member 22 of a biasing mechanism 21 is slidably mounted in the mounting hole 20. The biasing mechanism 21 includes a biasing member 22 and a spring member 23, and the spring member 23 is interposed between the biasing member 22 and the bottom surface of the mounting hole 20 so that the biasing member 22 contacts the rear body 4. By doing so, the claw opening / closing member 11 is moved forward of the chuck body 2 by the spring force of the spring member 23. The spherical portion 14 is provided with a through hole 24 in a direction orthogonal to the chuck axis CL. A shaft member 25 having an axial diameter that forms a gap S1 with the through hole 24 is inserted into the through hole 24. As shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the shaft member 25 are held by the support portion 10. Thus, the claw opening / closing member 11 can move forward and backward with respect to the shaft member 25. The claw opening / closing member 11 can swing around the axis of the support hole 9 within the gap S1.

爪開閉部材１１の先端の取付け部１８には、断面Ｔ字のナット溝２６が形成されている。取付け部１８の当接面１８ａに保持部材２７を当接させ、前記ナット溝２６に挿入した凸状のナット部材２８にボルト部材２９を捩じ込むことで、保持部材２７が取付け部１８に取付けられる。その保持部材２７にワークＷの外周面に対応する把持面１７ａが形成された把握爪１７が取付けられている。爪開閉部材１１の軸部１９は、駆動部材６に旋回可能に取付けられたロッカボール３０に摺動自在に嵌め込まれている。駆動部材６によりロッカボール３０はチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の前、後方へ移動し、そのロッカボール３０の作動により爪開閉部材１１の先端の把握爪１７はチャック半径方向の外、内方に揺動するようになっている。 A nut groove 26 having a T-shaped cross section is formed in the attachment portion 18 at the tip of the claw opening / closing member 11. The holding member 27 is attached to the attachment portion 18 by bringing the holding member 27 into contact with the contact surface 18 a of the attachment portion 18 and screwing the bolt member 29 into the convex nut member 28 inserted into the nut groove 26. It is done. A gripping claw 17 having a gripping surface 17 a corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is attached to the holding member 27. The shaft portion 19 of the claw opening / closing member 11 is slidably fitted into a rocker ball 30 that is pivotably attached to the drive member 6. The drive member 6 moves the rocker ball 30 forward and rearward in the chuck axis CL direction, and the operation of the rocker ball 30 causes the grasping claw 17 at the tip of the claw opening / closing member 11 to swing outward and inward in the chuck radial direction. It is like that.

前記爪開閉部材１１の軸部の装着孔２０から貫通孔２４に向けてネジ部３１ａを備えた取付孔３１が設けられている。その取付孔３１には、爪開閉部材１１の移動量Ｌを調整可能な調整機構３２が備えられている。調整機構３２は、調整部材３３、球部材３４、ネジ部材３５とから成る。取付孔３１の先端側には摺動自在に調整部材３３が装着され、ネジ部３１ａに捩じ込んだネジ部材３５を球部材３４を介して前記調整部材３３に係合させ、ネジ部材３５を捩じ込むことで調整部材３３の先端が貫通孔２４内へ突出するようになっている。よって、爪開閉部材１１に備えた調整機構３２の調整部材３３の先端と軸部材２５との距離が爪開閉部材１１の前方への移動量Ｌとなり、具体的には、貫通孔２４内への突出量を増やせば爪開閉部材１１の前方への移動量Ｌが小さく、貫通孔２４内への突出量を減らせば爪開閉部材１１の前方への移動量Ｌは大きくなる。また、調整部材３３の先端には、軸部材２５に係合可能な円弧状の凹溝３３ａが形成され、その円弧状の凹溝３３ａと軸部材２５とが面当りするようになっている。 A mounting hole 31 having a threaded portion 31 a is provided from the mounting hole 20 of the shaft portion of the claw opening / closing member 11 toward the through hole 24. The attachment hole 31 is provided with an adjustment mechanism 32 that can adjust the movement amount L of the claw opening / closing member 11. The adjustment mechanism 32 includes an adjustment member 33, a ball member 34, and a screw member 35. An adjustment member 33 is slidably mounted on the distal end side of the mounting hole 31, and a screw member 35 screwed into the screw portion 31 a is engaged with the adjustment member 33 via a ball member 34. By screwing, the tip of the adjustment member 33 protrudes into the through hole 24. Therefore, the distance between the tip of the adjustment member 33 of the adjustment mechanism 32 provided in the claw opening / closing member 11 and the shaft member 25 becomes the forward movement amount L of the claw opening / closing member 11, specifically, into the through hole 24. If the protrusion amount is increased, the forward movement amount L of the claw opening / closing member 11 is small, and if the protrusion amount into the through hole 24 is decreased, the forward movement amount L of the claw opening / closing member 11 is increased. Further, an arcuate groove 33a that can be engaged with the shaft member 25 is formed at the tip of the adjustment member 33, and the arcuate groove 33a and the shaft member 25 come into contact with the surface.

爪開閉部材１１の軸部１９には一対の平行な平面３６と軸部１９の外方に向けて傾斜する一対の傾斜面３７が連設されている。後ボディ４には、爪開閉部材１１の軸部１９を案内する案内溝３８が設けられている。案内溝３８と前記平面３６との間には隙間Ｓ２が形成されている。隙間Ｓ２は上記した貫通孔２４と軸部材２５の間の隙間Ｓ１より小さいので、爪開閉部材１１は隙間Ｓ２の範囲内で軸線回りに回動可能となる。案内溝３８の両端には前記傾斜面３７が嵌め込まれる溝部３９が夫々設けられている。よって、駆動部材６の移動により爪開閉部材１１がチャック半径方向に揺動すると、図８に示すように、案内溝３８にある一対の傾斜面３７が一方の溝部３９に嵌り込むようになっている。本実施形態では、アンクランプ時に把握爪１７をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させ、クランプ時に把握爪１７をチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させて成るワークＷの外径をクランプするチャック１であるが、図９に示すように、前記爪開閉部材１１の装着方向を変更し、アンクランプ時に把握爪１７Ａをチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させ、クランプ時に把握爪１７Ａをチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させて成るワークＷ１の内径をクランプするチャック１Ａであっても、図１０に示すように、アンクランプ時には、案内溝３８にある爪開閉部材１１の一対の傾斜面３７がもう一方の溝部３９に嵌り込むようになっている。 A pair of parallel flat surfaces 36 and a pair of inclined surfaces 37 inclined toward the outside of the shaft portion 19 are connected to the shaft portion 19 of the claw opening / closing member 11. The rear body 4 is provided with a guide groove 38 for guiding the shaft portion 19 of the claw opening / closing member 11. A gap S <b> 2 is formed between the guide groove 38 and the flat surface 36 . Since the gap S2 is smaller than the gap S1 between the through hole 24 and the shaft member 25 described above, the claw opening / closing member 11 can rotate around the axis within the range of the gap S2. Groove portions 39 into which the inclined surfaces 37 are fitted are respectively provided at both ends of the guide groove 38. Therefore, when the claw opening / closing member 11 swings in the chuck radial direction due to the movement of the driving member 6, the pair of inclined surfaces 37 in the guide groove 38 are fitted into the one groove portion 39 as shown in FIG. 8. Yes. In this embodiment, the gripping claw 17 is swung outward in the chuck radial direction during unclamping, and the chuck that clamps the outer diameter of the workpiece W formed by swinging the gripping claw 17 inward in the chuck radial direction during clamping. 9, the mounting direction of the claw opening / closing member 11 is changed as shown in FIG. Even if the chuck 1A clamps the inner diameter of the workpiece W1 that is swung outward in the direction, as shown in FIG. 10, at the time of unclamping, the pair of inclined surfaces 37 of the claw opening / closing member 11 in the guide groove 38 is provided. Is fitted into the other groove 39.

上記構成のチャック１の動作について説明する。チャック本体２は取付ボルト５０により旋盤等の主軸部５１前端に固着され、主軸部５１の回転と共にチャック本体２が回転するようになっている。そして、主軸部５１後端に設置された回転シリンダ（図示しない）のピストン（図示しない）にコネクチングロッド（図示しない）を介して駆動部材６が連結され、ピストンの作動により駆動部材６がチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の前、後方に移動するようになっている。ワークＷをクランプする前には、図５に示すように、駆動部材６をチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の前方に移動させ、ロッカボール３０の作動により爪開閉部材１１の先端の把握爪１７をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させると共に、図６に示すように、調整機構３２の調整部材３３の先端が軸部材２５に当接するまで、付勢機構２１により爪開閉部材１１を支持部１０の内周面１５に沿って前方に移動させる。図８に示すように、爪開閉部材１１の軸部１９は案内溝３８から溝部３９に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面３７が溝部３９に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材１１の軸線回りの回動が防止される。よって、把握爪１７が所定の位置で保持され、複数の把握爪１１によるワークＷが挿入される空間が、チャック本体２の前方に形成されることになる。 The operation of the chuck 1 having the above configuration will be described. The chuck body 2 is fixed to the front end of the main shaft portion 51 such as a lathe by a mounting bolt 50 so that the chuck main body 2 rotates with the rotation of the main shaft portion 51. The drive member 6 is connected to a piston (not shown) of a rotary cylinder (not shown) installed at the rear end of the main shaft 51 via a connecting rod (not shown). It moves to the front and back in the CL direction. Before clamping the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 5, the drive member 6 is moved forward in the chuck axis CL direction, and the rocker ball 30 is operated to move the gripping claw 17 at the tip of the claw opening / closing member 11 in the chuck radial direction. 6, and the claw opening / closing member 11 is moved by the biasing mechanism 21 until the tip of the adjustment member 33 of the adjustment mechanism 32 contacts the shaft member 25 as shown in FIG. 6. Move forward along surface 15. As shown in FIG. 8, the shaft portion 19 of the claw opening / closing member 11 moves from the guide groove 38 toward the groove portion 39, and a pair of inclined surfaces 37 are fitted into the groove portion 39, so that the claw opening / closing member 11 rotates around the axis line. Is prevented. Therefore, the grasping claw 17 is held at a predetermined position, and a space in which the workpiece W by the plurality of grasping claws 11 is inserted is formed in front of the chuck body 2.

チャック本体２の前方の空間にワークＷが挿入されると、図６から図２に示すように、駆動部材６をチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の後方に移動させ、ロッカボール３０の作動により爪開閉部材１１の先端の把握爪１７をチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させると共に、図７に示すように、軸部１９を溝部３９から案内溝３８に向って移動させる。ワークＷの軸芯がチャック軸線ＣＬにある場合には、把握爪１７の把握面１７ａの両端が同時にワークＷの外周面に当接し、複数の把握爪１７によりワークＷがクランプされる。また、ワークＷの外形が真円でない場合や、ワークＷの軸芯がチャック軸線ＣＬからずれている場合には、把握爪１７の把握面１７ａの一方が他方より先にワークＷの外周面に当接するので、他方がワークＷの外周面に当接するまで爪開閉部材１１が軸線回りに回動し、把握爪１７の把握面１７ａがワークＷの外周面に当接することになる。その後、複数の把握爪１７によりワークＷがクランプされる。駆動部材６は後方に移動し続け、ロッカボール３０の作動によりワークＷをクランプした爪開閉部材１１を後方に移動させる。支持部１０の球面部１６に球状部１４が当接すると、駆動部材６の移動が停止すると共に、チャック本体２前面に固着されたストッパ部８にワークＷの端面が押し付けられる。その後、チャック本体２を回転させ、図示しない工具によってワークＷが加工される。ワークＷの加工が終了した後、図６に示すように、駆動部材６をチャック軸線ＣＬ方向の前方に移動させ、各爪開閉部材１１の先端の把握爪１７がチャック半径方向の外方に揺動し、ワークＷをアンクランプする。そして、チャック本体２の前方からワークＷが取り出され、次に加工するワークＷがチャック本体２の前方の空間に挿入された後、上記動作が繰り返し行われる。 When the workpiece W is inserted into the space in front of the chuck body 2, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 2, the drive member 6 is moved rearward in the chuck axis CL direction, and the claw opening / closing member 11 is operated by the operation of the rocker ball 30. As shown in FIG. 7, the shaft portion 19 is moved from the groove portion 39 toward the guide groove 38. When the axis of the workpiece W is at the chuck axis CL, both ends of the grasping surface 17a of the grasping claw 17 are simultaneously brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W, and the workpiece W is clamped by the plurality of grasping claws 17. Further, when the outer shape of the workpiece W is not a perfect circle, or when the axis of the workpiece W is deviated from the chuck axis CL, one of the gripping surfaces 17a of the gripping claws 17 is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W before the other. Since it abuts, the claw opening / closing member 11 rotates about the axis until the other abuts the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W, and the grasping surface 17a of the grasping claw 17 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. Thereafter, the workpiece W is clamped by the plurality of grasping claws 17. The drive member 6 continues to move backward, and the claw opening / closing member 11 that clamps the workpiece W is moved backward by the operation of the rocker ball 30. When the spherical portion 14 comes into contact with the spherical portion 16 of the support portion 10, the movement of the driving member 6 stops and the end surface of the workpiece W is pressed against the stopper portion 8 fixed to the front surface of the chuck body 2. Thereafter, the chuck body 2 is rotated, and the workpiece W is processed with a tool (not shown). After the processing of the workpiece W is completed, as shown in FIG. 6, the drive member 6 is moved forward in the chuck axis CL direction, and the gripping claws 17 at the tips of the respective pawl opening / closing members 11 swing outward in the chuck radial direction. Move and unclamp the workpiece W. Then, after the workpiece W is taken out from the front of the chuck body 2 and the workpiece W to be processed next is inserted into the space in front of the chuck body 2, the above operation is repeated.

以上のように、爪開閉部材１１の軸部１９には一対の平行な平面３６と軸部１９の外方に向けて傾斜する一対の傾斜面３７を連設し、チャック本体２を構成する後ボディ４に前記軸部１９を案内する案内溝３８が設けられ、案内溝３８の両端には、前記傾斜面３７が嵌め込まれる溝部３９が設けられ、ワークＷのクランプ時に、案内溝３８と一対の平行な平面３６との隙間Ｓ２の範囲内で爪開閉部材１１の軸線回りの回動を可能にし、把握爪１７をチャック半径方向の外方に揺動させてワークＷをアンクランプする時には、軸部１９が案内溝３８から一方の溝部３９に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面３７が一方の溝部３９に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材１１の装着方向を変更し、把握爪１７Ａをチャック半径方向の内方に揺動させてワークＷ１をアンクランプする時には、軸部１９が案内溝３８からもう一方の溝部３９に向って移動し、一対の傾斜面３７がもう一方の溝部３９に嵌め込まれ、爪開閉部材１１の軸線回りの回動が防止されるようにしたので、爪開閉部材１１の装着方向の変更により、ワークＷの外径をクランプするチャック１や、ワークＷ１の内径をクランプするチャック１Ａであっても、アンクランプ時に、複数の把握爪１７（１７Ａ）によるワークＷ（Ｗ１）を挿入する空間を確実に形成することができる。 As described above, the shaft 19 of the claw opening / closing member 11 is connected to the pair of parallel flat surfaces 36 and the pair of inclined surfaces 37 inclined toward the outside of the shaft 19 to constitute the chuck body 2. A guide groove 38 for guiding the shaft portion 19 is provided in the body 4, and a groove portion 39 into which the inclined surface 37 is fitted is provided at both ends of the guide groove 38. When the claw opening / closing member 11 can be rotated around the axis within the gap S2 with the parallel plane 36, and the workpiece W is unclamped by swinging the gripping claw 17 outward in the chuck radial direction, The part 19 moves from the guide groove 38 toward the one groove part 39, the pair of inclined surfaces 37 are fitted into the one groove part 39, the mounting direction of the claw opening / closing member 11 is changed, and the gripping claw 17A is moved in the chuck radial direction. Swing inward to move workpiece W1 When clamping, the shaft portion 19 moves from the guide groove 38 toward the other groove portion 39, and the pair of inclined surfaces 37 are fitted into the other groove portion 39, thereby preventing the claw opening / closing member 11 from rotating around the axis line. Therefore, even when the chuck 1 that clamps the outer diameter of the workpiece W or the chuck 1A that clamps the inner diameter of the workpiece W1 is changed by changing the mounting direction of the claw opening / closing member 11, a plurality of clamps 1A are clamped. A space for inserting the workpiece W (W1) by the grasping claws 17 (17A) can be surely formed.

１チャック
２チャック本体
４後ボディ
１１爪開閉部材
１７把握爪
１９軸部
３６平面
３７傾斜面
３８案内溝
３９溝部
Ｓ２隙間
Ｗワーク

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck 2 Chuck body 4 Rear body 11 Claw opening / closing member 17 Grasp claw 19 Shaft part 36 Flat surface 37 Inclined surface 38 Guide groove 39 Groove part S2 Crevice W Workpiece

Claims

The chuck body is provided with a claw opening / closing member that can swing in the chuck radial direction. A gripping claw is attached to the tip of the claw opening / closing member, and the claw opening / closing member is moved in the chuck radial direction by a drive member that can move in the chuck axis direction. In a chuck that is clamped and unclamped by a gripping claw, a pair of parallel flat surfaces and a pair of inclined surfaces that incline toward the outside of the shaft are connected to the shaft of the claw opening / closing member A guide groove for guiding the shaft portion is provided in the rear body constituting the chuck body, and groove portions into which the inclined surfaces are fitted are provided at both ends of the guide groove. The claw opening / closing member can be rotated around the axis within the gap with the parallel plane, and when the workpiece is unclamped by swinging the gripping claw outward in the radial direction of the chuck, the shaft part moves from the guide groove. on the other hand When moving toward the groove, a pair of inclined surfaces are fitted in one groove, changing the mounting direction of the claw opening and closing member, swinging the gripping claw inward in the chuck radial direction, and unclamping the workpiece, The shaft portion moves from the guide groove toward the other groove portion, and the pair of inclined surfaces are fitted into the other groove portion , so that the rotation of the claw opening / closing member around the axis is prevented. Chuck.