JP5854206B2 - Vapor deposition equipment - Google Patents

Vapor deposition equipment Download PDF

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JP5854206B2
JP5854206B2 JP2011256465A JP2011256465A JP5854206B2 JP 5854206 B2 JP5854206 B2 JP 5854206B2 JP 2011256465 A JP2011256465 A JP 2011256465A JP 2011256465 A JP2011256465 A JP 2011256465A JP 5854206 B2 JP5854206 B2 JP 5854206B2
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vapor deposition
substrate
deposition material
deposition apparatus
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JP2013108159A (en
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寛人 新
寛人 新
真志 森久保
真志 森久保
加藤 昌弘
昌弘 加藤
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株式会社昭和真空
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本発明は蒸着装置に関し、具体的には、被処理基板の上方に配置される蒸発源から蒸着材料を下方に向けて蒸発させる下方蒸着装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a vapor deposition apparatus, and more particularly to a lower vapor deposition apparatus that evaporates vapor deposition material downward from an evaporation source disposed above a substrate to be processed.

従来から、被処理基板の下方に配置される蒸発源から蒸着材料を上方に向けて蒸発させる上方蒸着方式の蒸着装置が知られている。しかし、上方蒸着方式の場合、被処理基板を蒸発源上方で把持する必要があるため、その把持部分に成膜を行うことができない。そこで、載置された被処理基板の上方から蒸着材料を下方に向けて蒸発させて多面的な成膜を行うことができる下方蒸着方式の蒸着装置のニーズが高まってきている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an upper vapor deposition apparatus that evaporates a vapor deposition material upward from an evaporation source disposed below a substrate to be processed is known. However, in the case of the upper vapor deposition method, since it is necessary to hold the substrate to be processed above the evaporation source, film formation cannot be performed on the holding portion. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for a vapor deposition apparatus of a lower vapor deposition type that can perform multi-sided film formation by evaporating a vapor deposition material downward from above the substrate to be processed.

下方蒸着装置の従来例として、例えば特許文献1には、焼結体の底部を有するリザーバに収容された蒸着材料が加熱電極によって加熱され、溶融した蒸着材料が焼結体の孔から下方に飛散する蒸着装置が開示されている。特許文献2にも、多数の蒸発孔を下面に有する加熱トレーに材料供給手段から蒸着材料が供給されるとともに加熱され、溶融された蒸着材料が蒸発孔から滲み出て蒸発することによって下方への蒸着が行われる蒸着装置が開示されている。   As a conventional example of a lower vapor deposition apparatus, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a vapor deposition material accommodated in a reservoir having a bottom portion of a sintered body is heated by a heating electrode, and the molten vapor deposition material scatters downward from a hole of the sintered body. A vapor deposition apparatus is disclosed. Also in Patent Document 2, the vapor deposition material is supplied from the material supply means to the heating tray having a large number of evaporation holes on the lower surface and heated, and the melted vapor deposition material oozes out from the evaporation holes and evaporates downward. A vapor deposition apparatus in which vapor deposition is performed is disclosed.

また、特許文献3には、加熱されるホルダの上方から金属線材が供給され、溶融した金属材料がホルダ及びハースライナーに保持され、焼結体のハースライナーの下面に浸み出した溶融金属が、下方からのプラズマビームの誘導により蒸気ビームとして下方に出射される成膜装置が開示されている。   Further, in Patent Document 3, a metal wire is supplied from above the heated holder, the molten metal material is held by the holder and the hearth liner, and the molten metal that has oozed out on the lower surface of the hearth liner of the sintered body. A film forming apparatus that emits downward as a vapor beam by induction of a plasma beam from below is disclosed.

特開平4−272169号公報JP-A-4-272169 特開平7−34229号公報JP-A-7-34229 特開2001−192817号公報JP 2001-192817 A

しかし、特許文献1乃至3のいずれの装置も、溶融した蒸着材料を溜めておくリザーバ等の底部の孔から溶融材料を蒸発させる構成のため、孔が目詰まりする場合があり、蒸発量が安定し難いという問題があった。また、孔径が小さ過ぎると溶融材料が底部下面に到達できず、孔径が大き過ぎると溶融材料が液体又は固体となって底部から落下する可能性があり、最適な孔径を設定するのが難しいという問題があった。あるいは、蒸着材料によって最適な孔径が異なるため、複数種類の蒸着材料に対応して異なるリザーバ等を用意しておく必要があり、装置のコストアップの要因となっていた。   However, in any of the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the molten material is evaporated from the bottom hole such as a reservoir for storing the molten deposition material, the hole may be clogged, and the evaporation amount is stable. There was a problem that it was difficult. Also, if the hole diameter is too small, the molten material cannot reach the bottom bottom surface, and if the hole diameter is too large, the molten material may become liquid or solid and fall from the bottom, and it is difficult to set an optimal hole diameter. There was a problem. Alternatively, since the optimum hole diameter differs depending on the vapor deposition material, it is necessary to prepare different reservoirs corresponding to a plurality of types of vapor deposition materials, which has been a factor in increasing the cost of the apparatus.

また、特許文献1乃至3のいずれの装置においても、溶融した蒸着材料をリザーバ等に溜めた状態で蒸発工程が行われるので、蒸発レートの制御はリザーバ等の温度制御によって行うしかない。しかし、この構成では、リザーバ等への投入電力を変化させてから実際にリザーバ等の温度が変化するまでに時間がかかり、さらにリザーバ等の温度が変化してから溶融レート(蒸発レート)が変化するまで時間がかかる。従って、蒸発レートの制御性及び応答性が悪いという問題があった。   In any of the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the evaporation process is performed in a state where the molten vapor deposition material is stored in a reservoir or the like. Therefore, the evaporation rate can only be controlled by controlling the temperature of the reservoir or the like. However, in this configuration, it takes time until the temperature of the reservoir etc. actually changes after changing the input power to the reservoir etc., and the melting rate (evaporation rate) changes after the temperature of the reservoir etc. changes further. It takes time to do. Therefore, there is a problem that controllability and responsiveness of the evaporation rate are poor.

またさらに、蒸発工程終了時に、溶融材料をリザーバ等に残した状態でその温度を低下させると、固化した材料がリザーバに残り、次回使用時に異なる材料を使用することができなくなる。逆に、蒸発工程終了時に、残った溶融材料を完全に蒸発させるまで加熱を行うと、無駄に蒸着材料を消費してしまうばかりか、無用な電力を消費してしまうことになり、好ましくない。   Furthermore, if the temperature is lowered with the molten material remaining in the reservoir or the like at the end of the evaporation step, the solidified material remains in the reservoir, and a different material cannot be used in the next use. Conversely, if heating is performed until the remaining molten material is completely evaporated at the end of the evaporation step, not only is the vapor deposition material consumed wastefully, but unnecessary power is consumed, which is not preferable.

上記問題点は全て、溶融した蒸着材料をリザーバ等に溜めておく構成に起因するものである。そこで、本発明は、上記問題点を解決するために、溶融した蒸着材料を溜めておくことなく下方蒸着を行う蒸着装置を提供することを課題とする。   All of the above problems are caused by a configuration in which a molten deposition material is stored in a reservoir or the like. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a vapor deposition apparatus that performs downward vapor deposition without storing a molten vapor deposition material.

本発明の蒸着装置は、真空槽、真空槽内部に配置され基板を載置する基板ステージ、真空槽内部で前記基板ステージよりも上方に配置され下面に加熱面を有する抵抗加熱ボード、及び真空槽内部に配置され抵抗加熱ボードの下面加熱面に線蒸着材の先端を接触させる線蒸着材供給部を備える。これにより、リザーバ等を設けたり底に孔を設けたりする必要がなく、簡素かつ低コストな構成で、成膜動作の制御性及び応答性に優れた蒸着装置を提供することができる。また、成膜終了時に蒸着材料を使い切る必要がなく、線蒸着材又は加熱電力を無駄に消費せずに済む。   The vapor deposition apparatus of the present invention includes a vacuum chamber, a substrate stage disposed inside the vacuum chamber, and a substrate placed thereon, a resistance heating board disposed above the substrate stage inside the vacuum chamber and having a heating surface on the lower surface, and a vacuum chamber A linear vapor deposition material supply unit is provided which is disposed inside and contacts the tip of the linear vapor deposition material with the lower surface heating surface of the resistance heating board. Accordingly, it is not necessary to provide a reservoir or the like or provide a hole in the bottom, and it is possible to provide a vapor deposition apparatus having a simple and low-cost configuration and excellent controllability and responsiveness of the film forming operation. Further, it is not necessary to use up the vapor deposition material at the end of the film formation, and it is not necessary to waste the wire vapor deposition material or heating power.

ここで、線蒸着材供給部が、線蒸着材の送り速度を調整する送り速度調整部を備えることができる。これにより、蒸発レートの制御性をさらに向上することができる。   Here, the linear vapor deposition material supply unit can include a feed rate adjusting unit that adjusts the feed rate of the linear vapor deposition material. Thereby, the controllability of the evaporation rate can be further improved.

また、抵抗加熱ボードの少なくとも下面加熱面が、熱分解窒化ボロンからなるコーティングを有することが望ましい。これにより、蒸着材料であるアルミ又はスズの溶融に対する抵抗加熱ボードのぬれ性を向上して均質な態様の蒸発を行うことができる。   Further, it is desirable that at least the lower surface heating surface of the resistance heating board has a coating made of pyrolytic boron nitride. Thereby, it is possible to improve the wettability of the resistance heating board against melting of aluminum or tin, which is a vapor deposition material, and perform evaporation in a uniform manner.

また、基板ステージと抵抗加熱ボードが鉛直方向においてオーバーラップしない位置に配置することが望ましい。これにより、蒸着材料が蒸発せずに固化又は液化してしまった場合でも被成膜対象物への影響をなくすことができる。   In addition, it is desirable to arrange the substrate stage and the resistance heating board at a position where they do not overlap in the vertical direction. Accordingly, even when the vapor deposition material is solidified or liquefied without evaporating, the influence on the film formation target can be eliminated.

さらに、基板ステージを水平方向に回転させる回転駆動機構を備えることが望ましい。これにより、被成膜対象物の各面への均一な成膜が可能となる。   Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the substrate stage in the horizontal direction. Thereby, uniform film formation on each surface of the film formation target is possible.

好ましくは、下面加熱面に対する線蒸着材の接触角が15°以上45°以下となるように線蒸着材供給部が配置される。これにより、成膜時の線蒸着材供給部による影を減らしつつも線蒸着材と下面加熱面との接触程度の制御性を確保することができる。   Preferably, the linear vapor deposition material supply unit is arranged so that the contact angle of the linear vapor deposition material with respect to the lower surface heating surface is 15 ° or more and 45 ° or less. Thereby, controllability of the degree of contact between the linear vapor deposition material and the lower surface heating surface can be ensured while reducing the shadow by the linear vapor deposition material supply unit during film formation.

さらに、基板を成膜位置まで搬送し又は成膜位置から搬送する搬送機構、及び搬送機構及び送り速度調整部を制御する制御部を備え、制御部が、基板が成膜位置にない場合には、送り速度調整部に線蒸着材の送りを停止させるように構成するようにしてもよい。これにより、線蒸着材の無駄な消費を防止することができる。   In addition, a transport mechanism that transports the substrate to or from the film formation position and a control unit that controls the transport mechanism and the feed speed adjustment unit are provided. The feed rate adjusting unit may be configured to stop feeding the linear vapor deposition material. Thereby, useless consumption of a wire vapor deposition material can be prevented.

本発明の実施例による蒸着装置の概略構成を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the vapor deposition apparatus by the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例による蒸着装置の概略構成を示す上面図である。It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the vapor deposition apparatus by the Example of this invention. 図1Aの蒸着装置の搬送機構を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the conveyance mechanism of the vapor deposition apparatus of FIG. 1A. 図1Aの蒸着装置の搬送機構を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the conveyance mechanism of the vapor deposition apparatus of FIG. 1A. 本発明の実施例で使用する基板トレーを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the board | substrate tray used in the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例で使用する基板トレーを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the board | substrate tray used in the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例で使用する基板トレーを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the board | substrate tray used in the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例で使用する基板トレーを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the board | substrate tray used in the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例における抵抗加熱ボード及び線蒸着材供給部を説明する正面図である。It is a front view explaining the resistance heating board and the linear vapor deposition material supply part in the Example of this invention. 本発明の変形例を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the modification of this invention. 本発明の変形例を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the modification of this invention. 本発明の変形例による線蒸発材供給部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the linear evaporation material supply part by the modification of this invention.

実施例.
図1A及び1Bは本発明の蒸着装置の概略構成のそれぞれ正面図及び上面図であり、いずれも基板1が成膜位置P3にある場合の図である。図2A及び2Bは、基板1がそれぞれ格納位置P1及び方向転換位置P2にある場合の蒸着装置の正面図である。なお、以降の図面において、図の明瞭化のため、同一の部材が複数ある場合にはその1つのみについて符号を付すものとする。また、図面は寸法通りではなく、図の明瞭性を担保するために各部材を適宜省略、誇張、変形等して示している。蒸着装置は真空槽10、仕込室16及び準備室18を備え、真空槽10について、搬送機構20、抵抗加熱部30、及び線蒸着材供給部40を備える。蒸着装置はまた、必要に応じて、モニタ50、シャッタ55、RF電圧印加手段60、及び制御部70を備えていてもよい。基板1の上面にはモジュール、回路基板、電子部品等の被成膜対象物2が載置される。
Example.
1A and 1B are a front view and a top view, respectively, of the schematic configuration of the vapor deposition apparatus of the present invention, both of which are diagrams in the case where the substrate 1 is at the film forming position P3. 2A and 2B are front views of the vapor deposition apparatus when the substrate 1 is in the storage position P1 and the direction change position P2, respectively. In the following drawings, in order to clarify the figure, when there are a plurality of identical members, only one of them is given a reference numeral. Further, the drawings are not exactly as shown in the dimensions, and each member is appropriately omitted, exaggerated, deformed, etc. in order to ensure the clarity of the drawings. The vapor deposition apparatus includes a vacuum chamber 10, a preparation chamber 16, and a preparation chamber 18, and the vacuum chamber 10 includes a transport mechanism 20, a resistance heating unit 30, and a linear vapor deposition material supply unit 40. The vapor deposition apparatus may also include a monitor 50, a shutter 55, an RF voltage applying unit 60, and a control unit 70 as necessary. A deposition target object 2 such as a module, a circuit board, or an electronic component is placed on the upper surface of the substrate 1.

真空槽10と仕込室16の間にゲートバルブ15、仕込室16と準備室18の間にゲートバルブ17が設けられ、これらの構成により、未処理基板は大気圧状態の準備室18から真空状態の真空槽10に搬入され、処理済み基板は真空空状態の真空槽10から大気圧状態の準備室18に搬出される。真空槽10及び仕込室16には不図示の真空排気手段が設けられているものとする。   A gate valve 15 is provided between the vacuum chamber 10 and the preparation chamber 16, and a gate valve 17 is provided between the preparation chamber 16 and the preparation chamber 18. With these configurations, the unprocessed substrate is in a vacuum state from the preparation chamber 18 in the atmospheric pressure state. The processed substrate is carried out from the vacuum chamber 10 in the vacuum empty state to the preparation chamber 18 in the atmospheric pressure state. It is assumed that the vacuum chamber 10 and the preparation chamber 16 are provided with a vacuum exhaust means (not shown).

基板1が準備室18から真空槽10に搬入される場合、まず、ゲートバルブ15/17がそれぞれ閉状態/開状態とされて基板1が準備室18から仕込室16に搬入される。次に、ゲートバルブ15/17が閉状態/閉状態とされて仕込室16が真空引きされる。仕込室16が真空状態になると、ゲートバルブ15/17がそれぞれ開状態/閉状態とされて基板1が真空槽10に搬入される。逆に、基板1が真空槽10から準備室18へ搬出される場合、ゲートバルブ15/17が閉状態/閉状態とされて仕込室16が真空引きされる。仕込室16が真空状態になると、ゲートバルブ15/17がそれぞれ開状態/閉状態とされて基板1が真空槽10から仕込室16に搬出される。次に、ゲートバルブ15/17が閉状態/閉状態とされて仕込室16が真空から大気圧に戻される。仕込室16が大気圧に戻ると、ゲートバルブ15/17がそれぞれ閉状態/開状態とされて基板1が仕込室16から準備室18に搬出される。仕込室16は少なくとも2枚の基板を収納してそれぞれの基板を搬送機構20に接続する切換え機構を備え、ゲートバルブ15/17をそれぞれ開状態/閉状態として、処理済み基板を真空槽10から仕込室16に搬出し、未処理基板を仕込室16から真空槽10に搬入する。真空槽10の成膜中は、ゲートバルブ15/17をそれぞれ閉状態/開状態として、処理済み基板を仕込室16から準備室18に搬出し、未処理基板を準備室18から仕込室16に搬入する。   When the substrate 1 is carried into the vacuum chamber 10 from the preparation chamber 18, the gate valve 15/17 is first closed / opened, and the substrate 1 is carried into the preparation chamber 16 from the preparation chamber 18. Next, the gate valve 15/17 is closed / closed, and the charging chamber 16 is evacuated. When the preparation chamber 16 is in a vacuum state, the gate valve 15/17 is opened / closed, and the substrate 1 is carried into the vacuum chamber 10. On the contrary, when the substrate 1 is carried out from the vacuum chamber 10 to the preparation chamber 18, the gate valve 15/17 is closed / closed and the preparation chamber 16 is evacuated. When the preparation chamber 16 is in a vacuum state, the gate valve 15/17 is opened / closed, and the substrate 1 is unloaded from the vacuum chamber 10 to the preparation chamber 16. Next, the gate valve 15/17 is closed / closed, and the charging chamber 16 is returned from the vacuum to the atmospheric pressure. When the preparation chamber 16 returns to atmospheric pressure, the gate valve 15/17 is closed / open, and the substrate 1 is carried out of the preparation chamber 16 to the preparation chamber 18. The preparation chamber 16 is provided with a switching mechanism for storing at least two substrates and connecting the respective substrates to the transport mechanism 20, and the gate valves 15/17 are opened / closed to remove processed substrates from the vacuum chamber 10, respectively. The unprocessed substrate is carried out into the vacuum chamber 10 from the preparation chamber 16. During film formation in the vacuum chamber 10, the gate valve 15/17 is closed / open, and the processed substrate is transferred from the preparation chamber 16 to the preparation chamber 18, and the unprocessed substrate is transferred from the preparation chamber 18 to the preparation chamber 16. Carry in.

搬送機構20は、水平経路21、鉛直経路22、水平搬送手段23、基板ステージ24、昇降機構25、及び回転駆動機構26を備える。なお、昇降機構25と回転駆動機構26は1つのブロックで示してあるが、個別の機構で構成してもよい。搬送機構20は、上述の仕込室16から水平経路21の格納位置P1(図2A参照)に搬入された未処理基板を鉛直経路22の成膜位置P3(図1A参照)まで移動させ、成膜が終了すると処理済み基板を成膜位置P3から格納位置P1に移動させるように構成される。なお、本明細書における格納位置とは、方向転換位置P2とゲートバルブ15の間のいずれかの箇所をいうものとする。   The transport mechanism 20 includes a horizontal path 21, a vertical path 22, a horizontal transport unit 23, a substrate stage 24, an elevating mechanism 25, and a rotation drive mechanism 26. In addition, although the raising / lowering mechanism 25 and the rotational drive mechanism 26 are shown by one block, you may comprise by an individual mechanism. The transfer mechanism 20 moves the unprocessed substrate carried from the above-described preparation chamber 16 to the storage position P1 (see FIG. 2A) of the horizontal path 21 to the film formation position P3 (see FIG. 1A) of the vertical path 22 to form a film. Is completed, the processed substrate is moved from the film formation position P3 to the storage position P1. In addition, the storage position in this specification shall mean either location between the direction change position P2 and the gate valve 15.

水平経路21は水平方向に延在する中空体からなり、基板1を格納位置P1と方向転換位置P2(図2B参照)の間で移動させる水平搬送手段23が底部に設けられている。なお、方向転換位置P2は鉛直経路22の直下(即ち、成膜位置P3の直下)の位置である。本実施例では、水平搬送手段23はローラ23a及びローラ駆動手段23bで構成されるが、ベルトコンベア、磁石を用いた非接触搬送等、他の搬送手段を用いることもできる。中空体の水平経路21の内部で基板1を搬送することにより、搬送中の基板1、ローラ23a等に蒸発材料が付着するのを防止することができる。本実施例では、水平経路21の搬送方向に垂直な断面が矩形のものを用いるが、円形のものであってもよい。   The horizontal path 21 is formed of a hollow body extending in the horizontal direction, and is provided with a horizontal transfer means 23 for moving the substrate 1 between the storage position P1 and the direction change position P2 (see FIG. 2B) at the bottom. The direction changing position P2 is a position directly below the vertical path 22 (that is, immediately below the film forming position P3). In this embodiment, the horizontal conveying means 23 is composed of a roller 23a and a roller driving means 23b, but other conveying means such as a belt conveyor and non-contact conveying using a magnet can also be used. By transporting the substrate 1 inside the horizontal path 21 of the hollow body, it is possible to prevent the evaporation material from adhering to the substrate 1, the roller 23a and the like being transported. In the present embodiment, a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction of the horizontal path 21 is used, but a circular cross section may be used.

鉛直経路22は鉛直方向に延在する開口中空体からなり、下端が水平経路21に接続され、上端の開口端付近が成膜位置P3となる。基板1が水平搬送手段23によって格納位置P1から方向転換位置P2に搬送されると、図2Bに示すように基板ステージ24に載せられる。昇降機構25は、鉛直経路22に沿って、基板ステージ24を方向転換位置P2から成膜位置P3まで上昇させ、成膜が終了すると成膜位置P3から方向転換位置P2まで降下させる。鉛直経路22の水平方向断面の内周形状は基板1又は基板ステージ24の外周形状と略相似であることが望ましい。本実施例では、基板1は円盤状であり、鉛直経路22は円筒形である。両者の水平断面が相似形である(即ち、基板1の外径が鉛直経路22の内径よりも僅かに小さい)ことにより、基板1と鉛直経路22との隙間が小さくなり、成膜時に鉛直経路22の上方から拡散される蒸発材料が鉛直経路22に入り込むのを防止することができる。なお、本実施例では基板1と鉛直経路22の水平断面が円形であるが、多角形等の他の形状としてもよい。また、本実施例では基板ステージ24よりも基板1の水平断面が大きいため基板1と鉛直経路22の水平断面を相似形としたが、基板1よりも基板ステージ24の水平断面が大きい場合は、基板ステージ24と鉛直経路22の水平断面を相似形とし、基板ステージ24の外径が鉛直経路22の内径よりもわずかに小さい構成とすればよい。   The vertical path 22 is formed of an open hollow body extending in the vertical direction, the lower end is connected to the horizontal path 21, and the vicinity of the upper end of the open end is the film formation position P <b> 3. When the substrate 1 is transferred from the storage position P1 to the direction change position P2 by the horizontal transfer means 23, it is placed on the substrate stage 24 as shown in FIG. 2B. The elevating mechanism 25 raises the substrate stage 24 from the direction change position P2 to the film formation position P3 along the vertical path 22, and lowers the film formation position P3 to the direction change position P2 when film formation is completed. It is desirable that the inner peripheral shape of the horizontal cross section of the vertical path 22 is substantially similar to the outer peripheral shape of the substrate 1 or the substrate stage 24. In this embodiment, the substrate 1 has a disk shape, and the vertical path 22 has a cylindrical shape. Since the horizontal cross section of both is similar (that is, the outer diameter of the substrate 1 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical path 22), the gap between the substrate 1 and the vertical path 22 is reduced, and the vertical path is formed during film formation. The evaporation material diffused from above 22 can be prevented from entering the vertical path 22. In this embodiment, the horizontal cross section of the substrate 1 and the vertical path 22 is circular, but other shapes such as a polygon may be used. In this embodiment, since the horizontal section of the substrate 1 is larger than that of the substrate stage 24, the horizontal section of the substrate 1 and the vertical path 22 is similar. However, when the horizontal section of the substrate stage 24 is larger than that of the substrate 1, The horizontal section of the substrate stage 24 and the vertical path 22 may be similar to each other, and the outer diameter of the substrate stage 24 may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical path 22.

回転駆動機構26は、基板ステージ24の軸部24aを回転させて基板ステージ24を水平方向に回転させる。これにより、基板1上の被成膜対象物2の底面以外の全面(例えば、被成膜対象物2が直方体の場合は底面以外の5面)に均一に成膜を行うことができる。   The rotation drive mechanism 26 rotates the shaft portion 24a of the substrate stage 24 to rotate the substrate stage 24 in the horizontal direction. Thereby, the film can be uniformly formed on the entire surface other than the bottom surface of the film formation target object 2 on the substrate 1 (for example, when the film formation target object 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the five surfaces other than the bottom surface).

なお、成膜位置P3の上方であって抵抗加熱ボード31の下方に、成膜位置P3を開放及び遮蔽可能なシャッタ55を備えていてもよい。シャッタ55は、蒸発レートが不安定な期間に基板1を遮蔽して成膜を均質化させる。   A shutter 55 that can open and shield the film formation position P3 may be provided above the film formation position P3 and below the resistance heating board 31. The shutter 55 shields the substrate 1 during a period in which the evaporation rate is unstable, and homogenizes the film formation.

ここで、基板ステージ24の上面は中心部分が外周部分よりも低い凹形状となっている。これは、基板ステージ24と基板1との接触(摩擦)を確実に得るためである。即ち、基板ステージ上面を平坦なものとすると、基板の下面又は基板ステージの上面が完全に平坦でない場合に、基板の中心付近と基板ステージの中心付近のみが強く接触し、基板ステージの回転が基板に充分に伝達しない状態が生じる可能性があるからである。従って、基板ステージ24の上面を凹形状とすることによって基板ステージ24の回転を確実に基板1に伝達して回転させることができる。   Here, the upper surface of the substrate stage 24 has a concave shape whose central portion is lower than the outer peripheral portion. This is for reliably obtaining contact (friction) between the substrate stage 24 and the substrate 1. That is, when the upper surface of the substrate stage is flat, when the lower surface of the substrate or the upper surface of the substrate stage is not completely flat, only the vicinity of the center of the substrate and the vicinity of the center of the substrate stage are in strong contact, and the rotation of the substrate stage is This is because there is a possibility that a state that does not sufficiently transmit to the camera occurs. Therefore, by making the upper surface of the substrate stage 24 concave, the rotation of the substrate stage 24 can be reliably transmitted to the substrate 1 and rotated.

また、基板1が円盤状である場合、基板1の進行方向先端及び後端付近ではローラ23aとの接触面積が小さく、ローラ23aの動力が基板1に効率的に伝達し難い場合がある。そこで、本実施例では、図3Aに示すような基板トレー27を用いる。基板トレー27は外周が矩形で内周が円形の枠形状であり、基板1の外縁部を下から支持するように形成される。図3Bに示すように、水平経路21において、基板トレー27の矩形外周部がローラ23aと確実に接触するのでローラ23aの動力が基板トレー27の枠部に効率的に伝達され、スムーズな搬送が行われる。   Further, when the substrate 1 has a disk shape, the contact area with the roller 23a is small in the vicinity of the front end and the rear end in the traveling direction of the substrate 1, and the power of the roller 23a may not be efficiently transmitted to the substrate 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, a substrate tray 27 as shown in FIG. 3A is used. The substrate tray 27 has a frame shape with a rectangular outer periphery and a circular inner periphery, and is formed to support the outer edge of the substrate 1 from below. As shown in FIG. 3B, in the horizontal path 21, the rectangular outer periphery of the substrate tray 27 is in reliable contact with the roller 23a, so that the power of the roller 23a is efficiently transmitted to the frame portion of the substrate tray 27, and smooth conveyance is achieved. Done.

また、基板トレー27の枠部の内寸は基板ステージ24の外寸よりも大きい。従って、図3Cに示すように、基板1を載せた基板トレー27が方向転換位置P2に到達し、昇降機構25が基板ステージ24を上昇させると、図3Dに示すように、基板ステージ24上には基板1のみが載り、基板トレー27は方向転換位置P2に取り残される。従って、基板トレー27を用いる場合でも、成膜位置P3には基板1のみが配置されることになる。また、基板1を格納する場合、基板ステージ24が昇降機構25によって成膜位置P3から方向転換位置P2まで降下されると、基板1は方向転換位置P2に取り残されていた基板トレー27の枠部に収容される。そして、基板1が基板トレー27の枠部に支持された状態で基板トレー27は水平搬送手段23によって方向転換位置P2から格納位置P1に搬送される。なお、本実施例では、基板トレー27の内周形状を円形としたが、基板が下方から支持され、かつ、基板ステージ24の外寸よりも大きい内寸であれば、多角形等の他の形状であってもよい。   The inner dimension of the frame portion of the substrate tray 27 is larger than the outer dimension of the substrate stage 24. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the substrate tray 27 on which the substrate 1 is placed reaches the direction changing position P2, and the lifting mechanism 25 raises the substrate stage 24, as shown in FIG. Only the substrate 1 is placed, and the substrate tray 27 is left in the direction change position P2. Therefore, even when the substrate tray 27 is used, only the substrate 1 is disposed at the film formation position P3. When the substrate 1 is stored, when the substrate stage 24 is lowered from the film forming position P3 to the direction changing position P2 by the lifting mechanism 25, the substrate 1 is left in the direction changing position P2 and the frame portion of the substrate tray 27 left behind. Is housed in. Then, with the substrate 1 supported by the frame portion of the substrate tray 27, the substrate tray 27 is transported from the direction change position P2 to the storage position P1 by the horizontal transport means 23. In this embodiment, the inner peripheral shape of the substrate tray 27 is circular. However, if the substrate is supported from below and has an inner dimension larger than the outer dimension of the substrate stage 24, other shapes such as a polygon are used. It may be a shape.

抵抗加熱部30は、基板ステージ24の成膜位置P3よりも上方に配置される一対の抵抗加熱ボード31及び電源32で構成される。なお、ここでいう上方とは、基板ステージ24が成膜位置P3にあるときに、抵抗加熱部30の下面31aが、基板ステージ24の上面が確定する平面よりも真空槽10の天井側にあることをいうものとする。抵抗加熱ボード31はその下面31aが水平に配置され、電源32からの通電により加熱される。この加熱された抵抗加熱ボード31の下面31aに線蒸着材3が接触されて蒸発が行われる。   The resistance heating unit 30 includes a pair of resistance heating boards 31 and a power source 32 disposed above the film formation position P3 of the substrate stage 24. Here, the upper side means that when the substrate stage 24 is at the film forming position P3, the lower surface 31a of the resistance heating unit 30 is closer to the ceiling side of the vacuum chamber 10 than the plane on which the upper surface of the substrate stage 24 is determined. It shall be said. The resistance heating board 31 has a lower surface 31 a disposed horizontally and is heated by energization from the power supply 32. The vapor deposition material 3 is brought into contact with the lower surface 31a of the heated resistance heating board 31, and evaporation is performed.

抵抗加熱ボード31は、少なくともその下面加熱面がPBN(熱分解窒化ボロン)製からなるコーティングを有することが好ましい。これは、PBNコーティングにより、蒸着材料であるアルミ又はスズが溶融されたときに適度なぬれ性を得ることができるからである。溶融された蒸着材料は抵抗加熱ボード31の下面31aにぬれ性をもって均一に拡散し、それが均質な態様で蒸発していく。   The resistance heating board 31 preferably has a coating having at least a lower surface heating surface made of PBN (pyrolytic boron nitride). This is because moderate wettability can be obtained when aluminum or tin as a vapor deposition material is melted by PBN coating. The melted vapor deposition material is uniformly spread with wettability on the lower surface 31a of the resistance heating board 31, and is evaporated in a homogeneous manner.

抵抗加熱ボード31と基板ステージ24(成膜位置P3)とは鉛直方向においてオーバーラップしない位置に配置されることが望ましい。即ち、図1Bに示すように、蒸着装置の上面図において、抵抗加熱ボード31と基板ステージ24が重ならないようにすることが望ましい。これは、抵抗加熱ボード31の下面31aから蒸着材料が蒸発せずに液体状又は固体状で落下した場合に、基板1が影響を受けないようにするためである。   It is desirable that the resistance heating board 31 and the substrate stage 24 (deposition position P3) are arranged at positions that do not overlap in the vertical direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, it is desirable that the resistance heating board 31 and the substrate stage 24 do not overlap in the top view of the vapor deposition apparatus. This is to prevent the substrate 1 from being affected when the vapor deposition material falls from the lower surface 31a of the resistance heating board 31 in a liquid or solid state without evaporating.

線蒸着材供給部40は、ドライブローラ41、ボビン42、ガイド43、及び送り速度調整部44で構成される。線蒸着材3はボビン42に巻かれた状態で保持され、ドライブローラ41によって引き出され、ガイド43によって線蒸着材3の先端部の位置が規制される。ドライブローラ41は、所望の蒸着レートに応じて決定された送り速度で線蒸着材3が送り出されるように送り速度調整部44によって駆動される。抵抗加熱ボード31は、接触された線蒸着材3を瞬時に溶融する能力があるものとする。   The linear vapor deposition material supply unit 40 includes a drive roller 41, a bobbin 42, a guide 43, and a feed speed adjustment unit 44. The linear vapor deposition material 3 is held in a state of being wound around the bobbin 42, pulled out by the drive roller 41, and the position of the tip of the linear vapor deposition material 3 is regulated by the guide 43. The drive roller 41 is driven by the feed rate adjusting unit 44 so that the linear deposition material 3 is sent out at a feed rate determined according to a desired deposition rate. The resistance heating board 31 is assumed to be capable of instantaneously melting the contacted vapor deposition material 3.

図4は、抵抗加熱ボード31と、ガイド43に支持される線蒸着材3との位置関係を説明する図である。抵抗加熱ボード31の下面31aと線蒸着材3とのなす接触角αは10°〜90°の範囲であれば蒸発は可能であるが、接触角αがより90°に近い場合、下面31aに対する線蒸着材3の接触程度の制御が容易となるが、線蒸着材供給部40が成膜の際の影となり、成膜可能範囲が狭くなる。また、接触角αがより10°に近い場合、下面31aに対する線蒸着材3の接触程度の制御性が悪くなる。上記の観点から、接触角αは15°〜45°の範囲とすることが望ましく、33°±6.5°の範囲がより好ましいことが確認されている。   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the resistance heating board 31 and the linear vapor deposition material 3 supported by the guide 43. Evaporation is possible if the contact angle α between the lower surface 31a of the resistance heating board 31 and the linear vapor deposition material 3 is in the range of 10 ° to 90 °, but if the contact angle α is closer to 90 °, the contact angle α is less than 90 °. Although it is easy to control the degree of contact of the linear vapor deposition material 3, the linear vapor deposition material supply unit 40 becomes a shadow at the time of film formation, and the film forming range is narrowed. Moreover, when the contact angle α is closer to 10 °, the controllability of the degree of contact of the linear vapor deposition material 3 with the lower surface 31a is deteriorated. From the above viewpoint, it is desirable that the contact angle α is in a range of 15 ° to 45 °, and a range of 33 ° ± 6.5 ° is more preferable.

モニタ50は蒸着材料の蒸発レートを検出する水晶モニタからなる。モニタ50は、そのセンサ面がいずれの抵抗加熱ボード31の直下にも位置しないように配置される。なお、制御部70において、検出される蒸発レートが目標レートとなるように線蒸着材3の送り速度が決定されるようにし、決定された送り速度に基づいて送り速度調整部44がドライブローラ41を駆動するフィードバックを構成してもよい。   The monitor 50 is a crystal monitor that detects the evaporation rate of the vapor deposition material. The monitor 50 is arranged such that its sensor surface is not located directly below any resistance heating board 31. The control unit 70 determines the feed rate of the linear vapor deposition material 3 so that the detected evaporation rate becomes the target rate, and the feed rate adjusting unit 44 drives the drive roller 41 based on the determined feed rate. Feedback may be configured to drive.

RF電圧印加手段60はRFアンテナ61及びRFアンテナ61に高周波電圧を印加するRF電源62からなる。成膜処理中にRFアンテナ61からのRF電界によってプラズマが発生され、イオンプレーティングによる成膜を行うことができる。   The RF voltage applying means 60 includes an RF antenna 61 and an RF power source 62 that applies a high frequency voltage to the RF antenna 61. Plasma is generated by the RF electric field from the RF antenna 61 during the film formation process, and film formation by ion plating can be performed.

制御部70は、搬送機構20(水平搬送手段23、昇降機構25、回転駆動機構26)、抵抗加熱部30(電源32)、線蒸着材供給部40(送り速度調整部44)、シャッタ55及びRF電圧印加手段60(RF電源62)を統括的に制御する。例えば、昇降機構25による基板1の昇降動作中(成膜位置P3に基板1がない状態)においては、制御部70が、送り速度調整部44に線蒸着材3の送りを停止し、その蒸発を中断させるようにしてもよい。   The control unit 70 includes a transport mechanism 20 (horizontal transport unit 23, lifting mechanism 25, rotational drive mechanism 26), resistance heating unit 30 (power source 32), linear deposition material supply unit 40 (feed speed adjustment unit 44), shutter 55, and the like. The RF voltage application means 60 (RF power supply 62) is controlled in an integrated manner. For example, during the raising / lowering operation of the substrate 1 by the raising / lowering mechanism 25 (the state where the substrate 1 is not present at the film forming position P3), the control unit 70 stops feeding the linear deposition material 3 to the feeding speed adjusting unit 44 and evaporates the evaporation. May be interrupted.

以上のように、本発明は、基板ステージ24よりも上方に配置されて加熱面を下面に有する抵抗加熱ボード31、及び抵抗加熱ボード31の下面加熱面に線蒸着材3を接触させる線蒸着材供給部40を備えるので、従来技術のように孔径の最適設計等を要することなく簡易な設計で下方蒸着装置を構成することができる。また、線蒸着材及び基板の供給機構を備えるため、大気開放せずに連続的に基板を処理することができる。   As described above, in the present invention, the resistance heating board 31 that is disposed above the substrate stage 24 and has the heating surface on the lower surface, and the wire deposition material that makes the line evaporation material 3 contact the lower surface heating surface of the resistance heating board 31. Since the supply unit 40 is provided, the lower vapor deposition apparatus can be configured with a simple design without requiring an optimum design or the like of the hole diameter as in the prior art. Moreover, since the linear vapor deposition material and the substrate supply mechanism are provided, the substrate can be processed continuously without opening to the atmosphere.

また、本発明によると、電源32から抵抗加熱ボード31に印加される電力を調整するのではなく、線蒸着材3の送り速度を調整するだけで蒸発レートを制御できるので、蒸発レートの制御性及び応答性に優れる下方蒸着装置を提供することができる。   In addition, according to the present invention, the evaporation rate can be controlled only by adjusting the feed rate of the wire vapor deposition material 3 instead of adjusting the electric power applied from the power source 32 to the resistance heating board 31. And the lower vapor deposition apparatus excellent in responsiveness can be provided.

またさらに、本発明によると、蒸発工程終了時に、線蒸着材3の送りを停止するだけで蒸発を停止できるので、従来技術のように残った溶融材料の処理を要することなく無駄な蒸着材料及び電力を消費することがなく好適である。従って、連続的に多数の基板を処理する場合の成膜インターバル中にも線蒸着材3の供給と電源32への通電を停止して蒸発を中断できるので、本発明は、連続的に多数の基板を処理する装置において特に有利である。   Furthermore, according to the present invention, at the end of the evaporation step, evaporation can be stopped simply by stopping the feeding of the wire vapor deposition material 3, so that it is possible to use unnecessary vapor deposition material and processing without remaining molten material processing as in the prior art. It is suitable without consuming electric power. Accordingly, since the supply of the linear vapor deposition material 3 and the energization to the power source 32 can be stopped during the film forming interval when a large number of substrates are continuously processed, the evaporation can be interrupted. It is particularly advantageous in an apparatus for processing a substrate.

上記実施例に本発明の最も好適な例を示したが、本発明はその趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で変形可能である。例えば、上記実施例では図1Bに示すように、一対の抵抗加熱ボード31の外側端部から線蒸着材3を接触させる構成を示したが、図5Aに示すように、1つの抵抗加熱ボード31の一端又は両端側から線蒸着材3を接触させる構成としてもよい。また、上記実施例では図1Bに示すように、一対の抵抗加熱ボード31に対してその長手軸に対して対称位置に一対の成膜位置P3を配置したが、図5Bに示すように、二対の成膜位置P3を配置してもよい。即ち、基板ステージが抵抗加熱ボードの直下に配置されず、かつ、(蒸着材料の無駄を防止するために)抵抗加熱ボードの長手方向が分ける2つの領域の両方に基板ステージが配置されるようにすれば、抵抗加熱ボード及び成膜位置の位置及び数は適宜設定可能である。なお、図5Bの構成の場合には、(図の左側に)さらに2セットの仕込室16及び準備室18を備える。   Although the most preferable example of the present invention is shown in the above embodiment, the present invention can be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the configuration in which the linear vapor deposition material 3 is brought into contact from the outer ends of the pair of resistance heating boards 31 is shown. However, as shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure which makes the line | wire vapor deposition material 3 contact from one end or both ends side. In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, a pair of film forming positions P3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pair of resistance heating boards 31, but as shown in FIG. A pair of film forming positions P3 may be arranged. That is, the substrate stage is not disposed directly under the resistance heating board, and the substrate stage is disposed in both of the two regions separated by the longitudinal direction of the resistance heating board (to prevent waste of the vapor deposition material). Then, the position and number of the resistance heating board and the film forming position can be set as appropriate. In the case of the configuration of FIG. 5B, two sets of the preparation chamber 16 and the preparation chamber 18 are further provided (on the left side of the drawing).

また、上記実施例では線蒸着材3を直線上にして送り出す構成を示したが、図6に示すように、線蒸着材3を一定の曲率で曲げた状態で送り出すようにしてもよい。この場合、ガイド45は上記曲率を持った誘導部を有する。この構成により、線蒸着材供給部の設置位置に自由度をもたせることができ、成膜時の線蒸着材供給部による影を減らして成膜位置P3を広く設定することができる。   Moreover, although the structure which sends out the linear vapor deposition material 3 on a straight line was shown in the said Example, as shown in FIG. 6, you may make it send out the linear vapor deposition material 3 in the state bent with the fixed curvature. In this case, the guide 45 has a guide portion having the curvature. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a degree of freedom in the installation position of the linear vapor deposition material supply unit, and it is possible to reduce the shadow by the linear vapor deposition material supply unit during film formation and set the film deposition position P3 widely.

10.真空槽
15、17.ゲートバルブ
16.仕込室
18.準備室
20.搬送機構
21.水平経路
22.鉛直経路
23.水平搬送手段
23a.ローラ
23b.ローラ駆動手段
24.基板ステージ
25.昇降機構
26.回転駆動機構
27.基板トレー
30.抵抗加熱部
31.抵抗加熱ボード
31a.下面
32.電源
40.線蒸着材供給部
41.ドライブローラ
42.ボビン
43、45.ガイド
44.送り速度調整部
50.モニタ
55.シャッタ
60.RF電圧印加手段
61.RFアンテナ
62.RF電源
70.制御部
P1.格納位置
P2.方向転換位置
P3.成膜位置
10. Vacuum chambers 15, 17. Gate valve 16. Preparation room 18. Preparation room 20. Transport mechanism 21. Horizontal path 22. Vertical path 23. Horizontal transfer means 23a. Roller 23b. Roller driving means 24. Substrate stage 25. Elevating mechanism 26. Rotation drive mechanism 27. Substrate tray 30. Resistance heating unit 31. Resistance heating board 31a. Lower surface 32. Power supply 40. Line deposition material supply unit 41. Drive roller 42. Bobbins 43, 45. Guide 44. Feed speed adjusting unit 50. Monitor 55. Shutter 60. RF voltage applying means 61. RF antenna 62. RF power supply 70. Control unit P1. Storage position P2. Direction change position P3. Deposition position

Claims (6)

真空槽、
前記真空槽内部に配置され、基板を載置する基板ステージ、
前記真空槽内部で前記基板ステージよりも上方に配置され、下面に加熱面を有する加熱ボード、及び
前記真空槽内部に配置され、前記加熱ボードの下面加熱面に線蒸着材の先端を接触させる線蒸着材供給部を備え
前記基板ステージと前記加熱ボードとが鉛直方向においてオーバーラップしない位置に配置された
蒸着装置。
Vacuum chamber,
A substrate stage placed inside the vacuum chamber and on which a substrate is placed;
Wherein disposed above the vacuum chamber inside the substrate stage, pressurized thermal board that having a heated surface to the lower surface, and is disposed inside the vacuum chamber, before Symbol line vapor deposition material to the lower surface heating surface of the pressurizing heat board comprising a wire deposition material supplying section for contacting the tip,
The vapor deposition apparatus arrange | positioned in the position where the said substrate stage and the said heating board do not overlap in a perpendicular direction .
請求項1に記載の蒸着装置において、前記線蒸着材供給部が、前記線蒸着材の送り速度を調整する送り速度調整部を備えた蒸着装置。   The vapor deposition apparatus of Claim 1 WHEREIN: The said linear vapor deposition material supply part is a vapor deposition apparatus provided with the feed rate adjustment part which adjusts the feed rate of the said linear vapor deposition material. 請求項1に記載の蒸着装置において、前記加熱ボードの少なくとも前記下面加熱面が、熱分解窒化ボロンからなるコーティングを有する蒸着装置。 In the vapor deposition apparatus according to claim 1, at least the lower surface heating surface, the deposition apparatus having a coating made of pyrolytic boron nitride before Symbol pressurized heat board. 請求項1に記載の蒸着装置であって、さらに、前記基板ステージを水平方向に回転させる回転駆動機構を備えた蒸着装置。   The vapor deposition apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation drive mechanism that rotates the substrate stage in a horizontal direction. 請求項1に記載の蒸着装置において、前記下面加熱面に対する前記線蒸着材の接触角が15°以上45°以下となるように前記線蒸着材供給部が配置される蒸着装置。   The vapor deposition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the linear vapor deposition material supply unit is arranged such that a contact angle of the linear vapor deposition material with respect to the lower surface heating surface is 15 ° or more and 45 ° or less. 請求項に記載の蒸着装置であって、さらに、
前記基板を成膜位置まで搬送し又は該成膜位置から搬送する搬送機構、及び
前記搬送機構及び前記送り速度調整部を制御する制御部
を備え、
前記制御部が、前記基板が前記成膜位置にない場合には、前記送り速度調整部に前記線蒸着材の送りを停止させるように構成された蒸着装置。
The vapor deposition apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising:
A transport mechanism for transporting the substrate to or from the film forming position, and a control unit for controlling the transport mechanism and the feed speed adjusting unit,
The vapor deposition apparatus configured to cause the feed rate adjusting unit to stop feeding the linear vapor deposition material when the substrate is not in the film formation position.
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