JP5853094B2 - Power supply - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device.

  As a background art regarding the technical field, for example, there is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  In Patent Document 1, a plurality of power supply circuits that output a rectangular wave voltage by a switch operation and switch operation patterns of the respective power supply circuits are set to be different from each other, and the output voltages of the respective power supply circuits are synthesized, In a multiplex inverter device including a control unit that generates an alternating voltage having a predetermined waveform, a technique for controlling each power supply circuit so that the average value of the number of switch operations per unit time is substantially the same is disclosed. ing.

JP 2006-174663 A

  In recent years, there are concerns about global warming due to carbon dioxide emissions and the depletion of fossil fuels, and there is a demand for a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions and a decrease in dependence on fossil fuels. In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, the drive system is electrified and power generation systems that use renewable energy such as wind power and sunlight are used. The promotion such as can be considered. When the drive system is electrified, a power supply device including a battery capable of storing and releasing electrical energy is required. In addition, when introducing a power generation system using renewable energy, a power supply device equipped with a capacitor capable of storing and releasing electrical energy is used to suppress power fluctuations accompanying fluctuations in renewable energy, which are influenced by weather conditions. That is, it is necessary to store surplus power when surplus power is provided and to supplement the shortage when power is insufficient. Thus, in any system, a power supply device equipped with a capacitor is indispensable.

  In recent years, demands such as further stopping global warming and further promoting energy conservation have increased socially. In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to further reduce the environmental load on the global environment, further improve system efficiency and energy efficiency. In a power supply device equipped with a capacitor, further performance enhancement is required to meet the demand. As one means for achieving this, as in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of power supply circuits configured by connecting a switch circuit (power conversion circuit) and a DC power supply (capacitor) are connected in series. It is conceivable to employ a power supply device of a multiplexed inverter type that is connected to and configured to synthesize and output the output voltages of a plurality of power supply circuits. According to the power supply device of the multiplexed inverter system, it is possible to increase the efficiency of power conversion, so that power can be exchanged efficiently with the power system, and the performance of the stationary power supply device can be improved. Can be achieved.

  However, a large amount of investment is required to introduce a power supply device equipped with a capacitor, and the amount increases as the scale of the power supply device (the number of capacitors constituting the power supply device) increases. In order to suppress the investment at the time of introducing a power supply device equipped with a capacitor, it is essential to reduce the cost of the power supply device equipped with a capacitor.

  The representative invention of the present application provides a power supply device capable of reducing the cost.

  A typical solution of the present application for solving the above representative problem is that a plurality of alternating currents having different phases are provided by a power storage unit including a power storage unit having a power storage unit and a power control unit that controls input and output of power to the power storage unit. The first and second power supply strings that generate the voltage for generating the voltage are configured, and the first power supply string is provided corresponding to each of the plurality of AC voltages, and one for generating the corresponding AC voltage The second power supply string is commonly provided corresponding to the plurality of first power supply strings, and the remaining voltage for generating the plurality of AC voltages is set to the phase of the plurality of AC voltages. Therefore, it is characterized by generating in order.

  According to the typical solving means of the present application, it is possible to provide a power supply device that achieves cost reduction.

(Embodiment 1) The system block diagram which shows the structure of a power supply device. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power supply unit constituting each of the phase-specific power strings and the phase-common power strings in FIG. (Embodiment 1) The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the switching apparatus which switches the electrical connection of the power string common to a phase with respect to the power string for every phase of FIG. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing a temporal change in the correspondence relationship between a switching command for the switching device in FIG. 3 and a drive command for a switch constituting the switching device. (Embodiment 1) It is a wave form diagram which shows the operation principle for producing | generating the alternating voltage for one phase when one power supply string is comprised with four power supply units, Comprising: The rectangle produced | generated in each of four power supply units A control command for generating a wavy output voltage pattern, a rectangular wave output voltage generated in each of the four power supply units, and a rectangular wave output voltage generated in each of the four power supply units are combined. The figure which shows the time change of the corresponding | compatible relationship with the alternating voltage (output voltage of a power supply string) for the produced | generated one phase. (Embodiment 1) Three-phase modulated wave of the power supply device of FIG. 1, a modulated wave corresponding to each of the power strings for each phase of FIG. 1, a modulated wave corresponding to a common power string, and a switching device The wave form diagram which shows the time change of the correspondence with the change command to. (Embodiment 1) The output voltage for the three phases of the power supply device of FIG. 1 generated corresponding to the modulated wave of FIG. 6 and each phase of FIG. 1 generated corresponding to the modulated wave of FIG. FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the respective output voltages of the power supply strings, the output voltage of the power strings common to the phases generated in response to the modulation wave of FIG. 6, and the switching command to the switching device. (Embodiment 2) The system block diagram which shows the structure of a power supply device. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing temporal changes in the correspondence between the three-phase modulated waves of the power supply device of FIG. 8 and the switching commands for the six switching devices. (Embodiment 2) The output voltage for the three phases of the power supply device of FIG. 8, the output voltage of each power supply unit of the power supply string for each phase of FIG. 8, and the plurality of power supply units of the common power supply string of FIG. The wave form diagram which shows the time change of the corresponding relationship with each output voltage. (Embodiment 3) The system block diagram which shows the structure of a power supply device. (Embodiment 3) Correspondence relationship between modulated waves for three phases of the power supply device of FIG. 11, modulated waves corresponding to the power strings for each phase of FIG. 11, and modulated waves corresponding to the power strings common to the phases The wave form diagram which shows the time change of. (Embodiment 3) The three-phase output voltage of the power supply device of FIG. 11 generated corresponding to the modulated wave of FIG. 12 and the phase of FIG. 11 generated corresponding to the modulated wave of FIG. The wave form diagram which shows the time change of the correspondence of the output voltage of each power supply string and the output voltage of the power string common to the phases generated corresponding to the modulated wave of FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

<< Overview of Application Application of Invention >>
In the embodiment described below, the present invention is applied to a stationary power supply device installed as a power storage device in a power generation farm together with a power generation system using renewable energy, for example, a solar power generation system or a wind power generation system. A case will be described as an example.

  While a power generation system using renewable energy has the advantage of having a small load on the natural environment, the power generation capacity depends on the natural environment such as the weather, and the output to the power system fluctuates. The stationary power supply device is provided for suppressing (relaxing) the output fluctuation of the power generation system. When the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a shortage state with respect to the predetermined output power, the stationary power supply device discharges the power to compensate for the power shortage of the power generation system. When the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a surplus state with respect to the predetermined power, the stationary power supply device receives and charges the surplus power of the power generation system.

<< Outline Explanation of Other Application Applications of Invention >>
The configuration of the embodiment described below can also be applied to a stationary power supply apparatus installed as an uninterruptible power supply (backup power supply) for a data center server system or communication facility.

  In addition, the configuration of the embodiment described below is a stationary device that is installed in a consumer, stores nighttime power, and releases the stored power in the daytime to level the power load. It can also be applied to power supply devices for automobiles.

  Further, the configuration of the embodiment described below is electrically connected in the middle of the transmission / distribution system and is used as a countermeasure for fluctuations in power transmitted / distributed in the transmission / distribution system, a countermeasure for surplus power, a countermeasure for frequency, a countermeasure for reverse power flow, etc. It can also be applied to a stationary power supply device.

  Furthermore, the configuration of the embodiment described below is also applied to a moving power supply device that is installed in a moving body and used as a driving power source for the moving body or a driving power source that drives a load mounted on the moving body. Applicable.

  As the moving body, a hybrid electric vehicle using an engine and a motor as a driving source of the vehicle and a pure electric vehicle using a motor as the only driving source of the vehicle, that is, a land traveling vehicle (a passenger car, a truck such as a truck, Railway cars such as buses), railway vehicles such as hybrid trains that use a motor driven by the power generated by the diesel engine, and industrial vehicles such as construction machinery and forklift trucks. and so on.

<< Overview of power supply >>
The power supply apparatus includes a power storage system that stores (charges) and discharges (discharges) electrical energy by an electrochemical action or a charge storage structure of a plurality of capacitors (secondary batteries or capacitive passive elements). The plurality of capacitors are electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel according to specifications such as output voltage and storage capacity required for the power supply device.

  In the embodiment described below, a case where a lithium ion secondary battery is used as a capacitor will be described as an example. As the battery, other secondary batteries such as a lead battery and a nickel metal hydride battery may be used. Further, two types of capacitors, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery and a nickel metal hydride battery may be used in combination. As the capacitive passive element, a capacitor such as an electric double layer capacitor or a lithium ion capacitor can be used. Furthermore, as a capacitor, a primary battery such as a solar cell or a fuel cell may be used instead.

  Recently, power generation systems using renewable energy have been urgently introduced as alternative power generation systems for nuclear power generation systems and thermal power generation systems. In order for a power generation system using renewable energy to stably supply power to the power system like a nuclear power generation system or a thermal power generation system, it is necessary to suppress fluctuations in the power generation system using a stationary power supply unit installed Become indispensable. In order for the stationary power supply device to sufficiently suppress fluctuations in the power generation system, it is preferable to improve the performance of the stationary power supply device and efficiently exchange power with the power system.

  Therefore, in the embodiment described below, a plurality of power supply units each including a power storage unit having a power storage unit and a power control unit that controls input / output of power to the power storage unit are electrically connected in series. Thus, a stationary power supply device of a multiplex inverter type configured to synthesize and output the output voltages of a plurality of power supply units is employed. According to the multiplex inverter type stationary power supply device, it is possible to increase the efficiency of power conversion. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently transfer power to and from the power system. Performance can be improved.

《Representative technical issues》
Multiplexed inverter type stationary power supply equipment installed in a power generation system using renewable energy differs depending on the scale (maximum output) of the power generation system using renewable energy, but far more than a mobile power supply equipment Requires a large number of power storage units and power control units. For this reason, a large amount of investment is required to introduce a stationary power supply device of a multiplexed inverter type. In order to quickly disseminate power generation systems that use renewable energy as alternative power generation systems for nuclear power generation systems and thermal power generation systems, we plan to reduce the cost of multiplexed power supplies for stationary inverter systems, and use a multiplexed inverter system It is necessary to reduce the investment at the time of introducing the stationary power supply device.

《Typical solutions for solving typical technical problems》
A multiplexed inverter type stationary power supply device that is electrically connected to a three-phase AC power system includes a power supply string in which a plurality of power supply units are electrically connected in series corresponding to each phase, and each power supply string In FIG. 2, the AC voltage of the corresponding phase is generated by being shared by a plurality of power supply units constituting the power supply string. Three-phase alternating current has three instantaneous single-phase alternating current waveforms (sine waves) that are electrically phase-shifted by 120 degrees and the instantaneous value changes periodically with time (three-phase alternating current). The amplitude of the waveform changes periodically over time). Therefore, the AC voltage exchanged between the three-phase AC power system and the power supply string corresponding to each phase also changes periodically with time. For this reason, the multiplexed inverter type stationary power supply device does not instantaneously take part in the generation of the AC voltage among the plurality of power supply units constituting the power supply string in accordance with the change in the instantaneous value of the AC voltage of each phase. A power supply unit will be present in each power supply string. In this case, the power supply unit that does not participate in the generation of the AC voltage may be electrically disconnected from the other power supply units that constitute the corresponding power supply string and electrically connected only when sharing is required. Moreover, the power supply unit which does not participate in the production | generation of alternating voltage appears in order in each power supply string according to the change of the instantaneous value of the alternating voltage of each phase.

  For this reason, in the embodiment described below, in addition to the power supply string corresponding to each phase, a common power supply string is provided for each power supply string, and the common power supply string or the common power supply string is configured. Each of the plurality of power supply units is electrically connected to the power supply string corresponding to each phase only when sharing is necessary, and generates the voltage necessary for generating the AC voltage of the power supply string requiring sharing. Alternatively, a voltage necessary for generating an AC voltage of a power supply string that needs to be shared is sequentially generated by the common power supply string.

  Specifically, in the embodiment described below, a multi-phase alternating current that includes a power storage unit including a power storage unit and a power control unit that controls power input and output to the power storage unit, and has different phases. The first power supply string provided corresponding to each of the voltages and the power supply unit having the same configuration as the power supply unit configuring the first power supply string, and provided in common corresponding to the plurality of first power supply strings A voltage for generating a multiphase AC voltage having different phases is generated by the second power supply string. Among the plurality of first power supply strings, some of the voltages for generating a corresponding AC voltage are generated. In the second power supply string, the remaining voltage for generating a plurality of AC voltages is changed to the level of the multiphase AC voltage. It is to be generated in the order in accordance with.

<Operational effects of typical solutions>
According to the embodiment described below, by providing a common power supply string, the number of power supply units constituting the power supply string corresponding to each phase can be reduced, so that the cost of the stationary power supply apparatus can be reduced. Can be planned.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment described below, the investment at the time of introducing the stationary power supply device can be reduced.

  Each embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1
1st Embodiment is described using FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.

  First, the system configuration of the stationary power supply apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

<Power system configuration>
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 200 indicates a power system.

  The electric power system 200 is a system that integrates each system of power generation, power transformation, power transmission, and power distribution to supply generated power to a power receiving facility of a consumer. When transmitting as phase AC power (u-phase, v-phase, w-phase), transforming to a lower voltage as it gets closer to the consumer, and when it is distributed to the consumer, at a low voltage of 100 volts or 200 volts, and Converts power from three-phase AC power to single-phase AC power.

  Examples of the power generation system include a nuclear power generation system, a thermal power generation system, a hydroelectric power generation system, and a power generation system using renewable energy, such as a solar power generation system and a wind power generation system. Nuclear power generation systems, thermal power generation systems, etc. can stably supply power, but power generation systems using renewable energy vary in output depending on the natural environment such as the weather, Stable power supply may not be possible. Therefore, when a power generation system using renewable energy is provided in the power system 200, the output fluctuation of the power generation system is suppressed so that the output fluctuation of the power generation system is compensated and the output fluctuation of the power generation system is suppressed. It is desirable that a means for doing so is provided in the power generation system and linked to the power system 200.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, a stationary power supply device 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as “power supply device 100”) is provided in the power generation system as a means for suppressing output fluctuations of the power generation system using renewable energy. The power system 200 is linked.

<< Configuration of stationary power supply >>
The power supply device 100 includes a power storage system to be described later, and is electrically connected to the power system 200 so as to be electrically connected to the power generation system.

  In the power supply device 100 including the power storage system, when the power output from the power generation system is insufficient with respect to the required power on the load side, the power is supplied to the power system 200 and the shortage of the power generation system. When the electric power is supplemented (discharged) and the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a surplus state with respect to the required power on the load side, the surplus power of the power generation system is recovered from the power system 200 Accumulate (charge), and so on.

  Thus, when the power supply apparatus 100 functions, output fluctuations of the power generation system using renewable energy can be suppressed. Furthermore, surplus power of the power generation system can be stored, and the stored surplus power can be used as power for suppressing output fluctuations of the power generation system, and the power generated in the power generation system can be used effectively.

  The power supply device 100 includes a power storage system that charges and discharges power, and a power transformation system that transforms power exchanged between the power storage system and the power system 200.

<< Configuration of substation system >>
The power transformation system includes a three-phase transformer 101 that transforms three-phase AC power as a main component, and transforms the power exchanged between the power storage system and the power system 200.

  In the three-phase transformer 101, the primary winding and the secondary winding of the corresponding phase are wound around each of the iron cores corresponding to each phase, and the winding of each phase is Y on each of the primary side and the secondary side. (Star) connection or Δ (Delta) connection substation equipment, where the primary winding is electrically connected to the power system 200 and the secondary winding is electrically connected to the power storage system.

  Here, the primary side means the high pressure side, and the secondary side means the low pressure side. For this reason, when three-phase AC power is input to the secondary winding from the power storage system, the three-phase transformer 101 transforms the input low-voltage three-phase AC power into a high voltage to generate power from the primary winding. When it is output to the system 200 and three-phase AC power is input from the power system 200 to the primary winding, the input high-voltage three-phase AC power is transformed into a low voltage and output from the secondary winding to the power storage system. And so on.

  In the present embodiment, a case where the primary and secondary windings are Y (star) connected will be described as an example.

<Configuration of power storage system>
The power storage system includes power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140, a switching device 150, a central control device 160, a current measuring device 161, and a voltage measuring device 162 as main components, and the three-phase transformer 101. It receives and receives three-phase AC power.

<< Configuration of power supply string for each phase >>
Among the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140, the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 are phase-specific power supply strings provided corresponding to the three-phase AC phases. That is, the power supply string 110 is provided corresponding to the u phase. The power supply string 120 is provided corresponding to the v phase. The power supply string 130 is provided corresponding to the w phase.

  The power supply string 110 includes three power supply units 111 to 113, and generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the corresponding u-phase AC voltage among the power supply units 111 to 113. . The three power supply units 111 to 113 are electrically connected in series. Thereby, the rectangular wave-like voltage produced | generated in each of the three power supply units 111-113 is synthesize | combined.

  Similarly, the power supply string 120 includes three power supply units 121 to 123, and generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the corresponding v-phase AC voltage among the power supply units 121 to 123. doing. The three power supply units 121 to 123 are electrically connected in series. Thereby, the rectangular wave-like voltage produced | generated in each of the three power supply units 121-123 is synthesize | combined.

  Similarly, the power supply string 130 includes three power supply units 131 to 133 and generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the corresponding w-phase AC voltage among the power supply units 131 to 133. doing. The three power supply units 131 to 133 are electrically connected in series. Thereby, the rectangular wave-like voltage produced | generated in each of the three power supply units 131-133 is synthesize | combined.

  The power strings 110, 120, and 130 are each connected at one end (one end of an electrical series connection of three u-phase power supply units 111 to 113, three v-phase power supply units 121 so that they are connected in a Y (star) connection. ˜123 and one end of the electrical series connection of the three w-phase power supply units 131 to 133 are electrically connected by the three-phase connection 103 via the switching device 150. ing. A three-phase connection point of the three-phase connection 103 is a neutral point 102.

  The other end of each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 (the other end of the electrical series connection of the three u-phase power supply units 111 to 113, the electrical series connection of the three power supply units 121 to 123 of the v phase. The other end, the other end of the electric series connection of the three power supply units 131 to 133 of the w phase) is electrically connected to the secondary winding of the corresponding phase of the transformer 101.

  The specific configurations of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, and 131 to 133 will be described later with reference to FIG.

《Common power string configuration》
The power supply string 140 is a common power supply string provided in common to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 (three-phase alternating current phases). The power supply string 140 includes one power supply unit 141, and sequentially generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating the remainder of the AC voltage of the phase corresponding to each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 according to the phase of each phase. doing.

  The specific configuration of the power supply unit 141 will be described later with reference to FIG.

<Schematic configuration of switching device>
The switching device 150 switches the electrical connection of the power supply string 140 to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 according to which phase of the alternating current voltage is generated by the power supply string 140.

  The electrical connection of the power supply string 140 to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 is switched by the switching device 150, so that the rectangular wave voltage generated in the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected. It is synthesized into a synthesized voltage of rectangular wave-like voltage generated in the power string for each phase. As a result, a composite voltage of a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the target voltage (sine wave) is generated on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101.

  A specific configuration of the switching device 150 will be described later with reference to FIG.

《Central control unit function》
The central control device 160 operates each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, and 141 and the switching device 150 so that the power system 200 and the power supply device 100 can be connected to each other to exchange power. Is an electronic circuit device that controls a plurality of electronic components including a processing unit (microprocessor) and a storage device mounted on a circuit board.

  The central controller 160 includes, as input information, information on the three-phase AC voltage generated between the power storage system and the transformer 101 (information on the three-phase AC voltage of the power system 200), and the power storage system and the transformer 101. The information regarding the three-phase alternating current that flows between is input through the interface circuit.

  The central controller 160 operates according to a control program stored in the storage device, and based on a plurality of information including input information input via the interface circuit and storage information stored in the storage device, the power supply unit Control commands for controlling each of 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, 141 and the operation of the switching device 150 are calculated. The central control device 160 then outputs a signal related to the control command to each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, 141 and the switching device 150.

  A signal related to the control command calculated by the central control device 160 is transmitted to each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, 141 and the switching device 150 by wireless communication or wired communication.

  As described above, when the signal related to the control command is transmitted from the central control device 160 by wireless communication or wired communication, the power supply units 111 to 113 are each based on the control command signal transmitted from the central control device 160. A rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the u-phase AC voltage is generated. Each of the power supply units 121 to 123 generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the v-phase AC voltage based on the control command signal-transmitted from the central control device 160. Each of the power supply units 131 to 133 generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the w-phase AC voltage based on the control command signal-transmitted from the central controller 160. Further, the power supply unit 141 sequentially generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating the remainder of the AC voltage of each phase according to the phase of each phase based on the control command transmitted from the central controller 160. To do. Further, the switching device 150 switches the electrical connection of the power supply string 140 to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 based on the control command signaled from the central control device 160.

  The control command signal-transmitted to each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, 141 includes a command indicating a target AC voltage generated in each of the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140. Each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, and 141 is a command indicating a pattern generation voltage for determining a rectangular wave voltage pattern to be generated for a corresponding target voltage. A command indicating the target voltage is generated as a modulated wave (fundamental wave), and a command indicating the pattern generation voltage is generated as a carrier wave (carrier) and transmitted as a signal.

  The modulation wave is basically constituted by a sine wave. However, in this embodiment, since the AC voltage of each phase is generated by sharing the power string for each phase and the power string common to the phases, the signal is transmitted to each of the power strings 110, 120, 130, and 140. The modulated wave becomes a waveform indicating a part of the sine wave indicating the target AC voltage (the shared target voltage).

  For this reason, each of the power supply units 111 to 113 includes a part of a modulated wave (sine wave) indicating a u-phase target AC voltage to be generated on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101, that is, A modulated wave indicating a target voltage generated in the power supply string 110 is transmitted as a signal. Each of the power supply units 121 to 123 includes a part of a modulation wave (sine wave) indicating a v-phase target AC voltage generated on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101, that is, the power supply string 120. A modulated wave indicating the target voltage to be generated is transmitted as a signal. Each of the power supply units 131 to 133 includes a part of a modulated wave (sine wave) indicating a w-phase target AC voltage generated on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101, that is, the power supply string 130. A modulated wave indicating the target voltage to be generated is transmitted as a signal. In the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141), the remainder of the modulated wave (sine wave) indicating the target AC voltage of each phase to be generated on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101, that is, the voltage string 140. Subtracting the modulation wave indicating the target voltage generated in the power string of the corresponding phase from each of the modulation waves of the respective phases indicated by the sine wave A combined modulated wave (combined modulated waves) is transmitted as a signal.

  The carrier wave is constituted by a triangular wave having a frequency higher than that of the modulation wave, and is compared with the modulation wave in order to generate a rectangular wave voltage for generating the target AC voltage.

  In this embodiment, in each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130, a plurality of corresponding power supply units share and generate a rectangular wave voltage for generating a part of the target AC voltage. Therefore, triangular waves having different potential levels are transmitted as signals to each of the power supply units 111 to 113 of the power supply string 110. Triangular waves having different potential levels are transmitted as signals to each of the power supply units 121 to 123 of the power supply string 120. Triangular waves having different potential levels are transmitted as signals to each of the power supply units 131 to 133 of the power supply string 130.

  Further, in the present embodiment, in the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140, a rectangular wave voltage for generating the remainder of the target AC voltage of each phase is sequentially generated according to the phase of each phase. Therefore, one triangular wave having a predetermined potential level is signal-transmitted to the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140.

  In the present embodiment, a case in which a modulated wave and a carrier wave are transmitted as a control command from the central controller 160 will be described as an example. However, the carrier wave includes power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, and Information generated for each power supply unit 141 and information necessary for the generation, for example, which potential level carrier wave is generated in each of the power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, and the power supply unit 141, Information such as the amplitude of the carrier wave to be generated may be transmitted from the central controller 160 as a signal.

<Configuration of measuring device>
A current measuring device 161 is installed between the power storage system and the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101. The current measuring device 161 is a sensor unit for measuring a three-phase alternating current exchanged between the power storage system and the three-phase transformer 101, and a signal indicating a measured value of the three-phase alternating current is sent to the central control device 160. Is output.

  A voltage measuring device 162 is installed between the power storage system and the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101. The voltage measuring device 162 is a sensor unit for measuring a three-phase AC voltage exchanged between the power storage system and the three-phase transformer 101, and a signal indicating a measured value of the three-phase AC voltage is sent to the central controller 160. Is output.

  The central controller 160 detects a three-phase alternating current and a three-phase alternating current voltage from the input signals indicating the measured values.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the current measuring device 161 and the voltage measuring device 162 are installed on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101 and the three-phase AC current and the three-phase AC voltage are measured is taken as an example. As will be described, the current measuring device 161 and the voltage measuring device 162 may be installed on the primary side (high voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101 to measure the three-phase AC current and the three-phase AC voltage.

  When the three-phase AC voltage and the three-phase AC current are measured on the secondary side (low voltage side) of the three-phase transformer 101, the three-phase AC voltage and the three-phase AC current are measured on the primary side (high voltage The withstand voltage and electrical insulation of the current measuring device 161 and the voltage measuring device 162 can be lowered compared with the case of measuring in the side), and the cost of the current measuring device 161 and the voltage measuring device 162 can be reduced.

<Configuration of power supply unit>
Next, the configuration of the power supply unit 111 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The power supply units 111 to 113, 121 to 123, 131 to 133, and 141 shown in FIG. For this reason, in this embodiment, as a representative, the configuration of the power supply unit 111 is shown in FIG. 2 and the configuration will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply unit 111 includes the power storage unit 10 and the power conversion unit 20 as main components, and based on an on / off signal (notch wave) obtained by comparing the modulated wave and the carrier wave, A rectangular wave voltage for generating an AC voltage is generated.

  Between the power storage unit 10 and the power conversion unit 20, the positive electrode side of the power storage unit 10 and the DC positive electrode side of the power conversion unit 20 are electrically connected by a DC positive electrode side circuit. The negative electrode side and the DC negative electrode side of the power conversion unit 20 are electrically connected by being electrically connected by a DC negative electrode circuit.

<Configuration of power storage unit>
The power storage unit 10 includes a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries 11 (hereinafter simply referred to as “secondary batteries 11”) as main components, and charges and discharges DC power.

  The plurality of secondary batteries 11 are electrically connected in series.

  In the present embodiment, a case where the power storage unit 10 is configured by electrically connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 11 in series will be described as an example. As a configuration of the power storage unit 10, a plurality of secondary battery groups in which a plurality of secondary batteries 11 are electrically connected in series may be electrically connected in parallel. The number of the secondary batteries 11 and how the plurality of secondary batteries 11 are electrically connected may be appropriately set according to the rated output voltage and the rated storage capacity required for the power supply device 100.

<Configuration of power conversion unit>
The power conversion unit 20 includes, as main components, a switching circuit 30, a control unit 40 that controls the differential of the switching circuit 30, and a load side connection end 50, and when discharging DC power from the power storage unit 10, When generating and outputting a rectangular wave voltage for generating an AC voltage from the DC voltage output from the storage unit 10 and charging the storage unit 10 with DC power, the DC voltage is obtained from the input AC voltage. It is generated and output to the power storage unit 10.

<Configuration of switching circuit>
The switching circuit 30 includes switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 which are MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors).

  In this embodiment, the case where the MOFET is used as the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 will be described as an example. However, other semiconductor switching elements such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) may be used. Absent.

  Specifically, the switching circuit 30 includes a first arm configured by electrically connecting a source of the switching element 31 of the upper arm and a drain of the switching element 33 of the lower arm in series, and switching of the upper arm. A second arm configured such that the source of the element 35 and the drain of the switching element 37 of the lower arm are electrically connected in series, and the drains of the switching elements 31 and 35 of the upper arm and the switching of the lower arm are provided. This is a single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit in which the sources of the elements 33 and 37 are electrically connected, and the first arm and the second arm are electrically connected in parallel.

  Parasitic diodes are provided between the drains and sources of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 because of the MOSFET structure. Specifically, a diode 32 is provided between the drain and source of the switching element 31, a diode 34 is provided between the drain and source of the switching element 33, and a diode is provided between the drain and source of the switching element 35. 36, diodes 38 are provided between the drain and source of the switching element 37, respectively.

  Thus, when a MOSFET is used as the switching element, it is not necessary to separately provide a diode between the drain and source of the switching element.

  On the other hand, when an IGBT is used as the switching element, it is necessary to separately provide a diode between the drain and source of the switching element.

  The drains of the switching elements 31 and 35 of the upper arm are electrically connected to the positive electrode side of the power storage unit 20 as the DC positive electrode side connection end. The sources of the switching elements 33 and 37 of the lower arm are electrically connected to the negative electrode side of the power storage unit 20 as a DC negative electrode side connection end.

  The middle point of the first arm, that is, the electrical connection point between the source of the switching element 31 of the upper arm and the drain of the switching element 33 of the lower arm, and the middle point of the second arm, that is, the switching element 35 of the upper arm. The electrical connection point between the source of the switch and the drain of the switching element 37 of the lower arm is drawn out as an AC side (load side) connection end. An AC (load) terminal 50 is provided at the tip of the AC side (load side) connection end.

<Control unit functions>
The control unit 40 controls the driving of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 so that a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the control command transmitted from the central controller 160 is generated at the AC side connection end 50. An electronic circuit device, which is composed of a plurality of electronic components mounted on a circuit board, including an arithmetic processing device (microprocessor) and a storage device.

  A control command signal-transmitted from the central controller 160 is input as input information to the control unit 40 via an interface circuit.

  The control command is the above-described modulated wave and carrier wave.

  The control unit 40 operates according to a control program stored in the storage device, and is based on a plurality of pieces of information including input information input via the interface circuit and storage information stored in the storage device. Information on the voltage generation pattern is calculated. When the information about the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, the control unit 40 drives the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 based on the calculated information about the voltage generation pattern (on / off). Calculate information about. Then, the control unit 40 generates notch waves to be input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 based on the information regarding the calculated switching drive pattern, and the notch waves are generated by the switching element 31. , 33, 35, and 37. The notch wave is a rectangular wave-shaped pulse signal and may be called a drive signal or a gate signal.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 is input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 are each transmitted a signal from the control unit 40. Switching (on / off) based on the notch wave. As a result, the switching circuit 30 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

<Specific configuration of switching device>
Next, the configuration of the switching device 150 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As illustrated in FIG. 3, the switching device 150 includes a switching circuit 70, a switching control device 90, and connection terminals 80 to 86, and includes a connection terminal 80 side, connection terminals 81, 82, 83 side, and connection ends 84, 85. , 86 is switched to the electrical connection between the three parties.

  In FIG. 3, the line between the connection terminals 81 and 84 represents the u-phase first electric circuit. A line between the connection terminals 82 and 85 indicates a first electric circuit of v phase. A line between the connection terminals 83 and 86 indicates a first electric circuit of w phase. A line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 81 side of the u-phase first electric circuit indicates a u-phase second electric circuit. A line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 82 side of the v-phase first electric circuit indicates a v-phase second electric circuit. A line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 83 side of the w-phase first electric circuit indicates a w-phase second electric circuit. The line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 84 side of the u-phase first electric circuit indicates the u-phase third electric circuit. A line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 85 side of the v-phase first electric circuit indicates a v-phase third electric circuit. A line between the connection terminal 80 and the connection terminal 86 side of the first electric circuit of the w phase indicates a third electric circuit of the w phase.

  A power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 80. The u-phase power supply string 110 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 81. A v-phase power supply string 120 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 82. A w-phase power supply string 130 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the connection terminal 83. A three-phase connection 102 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the connection terminals 84, 85 and 86.

<Configuration of switching circuit>
The switching circuit 70 is a switching circuit, a switch 71 provided on the u-phase first electric circuit, a switch 72 provided on the v-phase first electric circuit, and a switch 73 provided on the w-phase first electric circuit. , A switch 74 provided on the second electric circuit of the u phase, a switch 75 provided on the second electric circuit of the v phase, and a switch 76 provided on the second electric circuit of the w phase. The path that flows from one end of the first circuit to the other end, the path that flows without passing through the other circuit, the path that flows from one end to the other end of the first circuit via the second and third circuits, or the second A path that flows from one end of one electric circuit to the other end via the second and third electric circuits is switched to a path that flows from one end of the first electric circuit to the other end without passing through another electric circuit.

  The switches 71, 72, and 73 are closed when the power strings of the corresponding phases of the power strings 110 to 130 are electrically connected to the three-phase connection line 102, and the corresponding phases of the power strings 110 to 130 are closed. It is opened when the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected between the power supply string and the three-phase connection line 102. On the other hand, the switches 74, 75, and 76 are opened when the power strings of the corresponding phases among the power strings 110 to 130 are electrically connected to the three-phase connection line 102. It is closed when the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected between the power supply string of the corresponding phase and the three-phase connection line 102.

  The switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76 are constituted by semiconductor switching semiconductor elements, for example, MOSFETs.

  As the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, other semiconductor switching semiconductor elements may be used. Further, as the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, mechanical switches having contacts that are movable by a mechanical or electromagnetic mechanism may be used.

《Function of switching control device》
The switching control device 90 performs switching corresponding to the control command signaled from the central control device 160, that is, electrical connection between the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, the power supply string 140, and the three-phase connection line 102. An electronic circuit device that controls the driving of the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 so as to be switched, and includes a plurality of processing units (microprocessors) and storage devices mounted on a circuit board. It is composed of electronic parts.

  A control command signal-transmitted from the central control device 160 is input to the switching control device 90 via the interface circuit as input information.

  The control command is a switching command indicating which phase of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 13 is to be electrically connected to the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141).

  The switching control device 90 operates according to a control program stored in the storage device, and switches (ON, ON) the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 based on input information input via the interface circuit. Information on the drive pattern for turning off) is calculated. Then, the switching control device 90 generates a drive command for switching and driving each of the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 based on the information related to the switching drive pattern. , 72, 73, 74, 75 and 76, respectively.

  Here, since the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 are MOSFETs that are semiconductor switching semiconductor elements, the drive command output from the switching control device 90 is a notch wave (input to the gate of the MOSFET ( Rectangular wave-shaped pulse signal).

  When the drive command output from the switching control device 90 is input to each of the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76, the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76 are respectively switched to the switching control device. Switching (on / off) is performed based on the drive command output from 90. As a result, the switching circuit 70 switches the electrical connection among the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130, the power supply string 140, and the three-phase connection 102 in accordance with the switching command.

<Operation of switching device>
Next, the operation of the switching device 150 will be described using FIG. 4 with reference to the configuration of FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the switching command for the switching device 150 and the driving commands for the switches 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76.

  In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis indicates time.

  In FIG. 4, the vertical axis indicates a switching command and a driving command. Specifically, (4A) in FIG. 4 shows a switching command for the switching device 150. (4B) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 74. (4C) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 75. (4D) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 76. (4E) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 71. (4F) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 72. (4G) in FIG. 4 shows a drive command for the switch 73.

  In addition, the switching command to the switching device 150 in (4A) of FIG. 4 indicates which power supply string of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 is to be electrically connected to the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141). Show. Here, when the switching command is in the u-phase (81-84) position, it means that the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected to the power supply string 110. When the switching command is in the v phase (82-85) position, it means that the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected to the power supply string 120. When the switching command is in the w-phase (83-86) position, it means that the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected to the power supply string 130.

  Further, there is a pair relationship between the switch 71 and the switch 74, between the switch 72 and the switch 75, and between the switch 73 and the switch 76, and when one is turned on, the other is When one is turned off, the other is turned on.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the period from time 0 to time T ₀₃ , the switching command to the switching device 150 is switched in the order of v phase, u phase, and w phase according to the phase of the three-phase AC voltage.

In the period from time 0 to time T ₀₁ , as shown in (4A) of FIG. 4, since the switching command is at the position of the v phase (82-85), the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is connected to the power supply string 120. It will be electrically connected. Therefore, as shown in (4C) of FIG. 4, the switch 75 provided in the v-phase second electric circuit is turned on, and the switch 72 provided in the v-phase first electric circuit is As shown in (4F), the state is turned off. Thus, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected between the power supply string 120 and the three-phase connection line 103. On the other hand, the switches 74 and 76 provided in the second electric circuit of the u phase and the w phase are in the normal OFF state as shown in (4B) and (4D) of FIG. The switches 71 and 73 provided in the second electric circuit are in a normal ON state as shown in (4E) and (4G) of FIG. Thereby, the power supply strings 110 and 130 are directly electrically connected to the three-phase connection 103 without the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) interposed.

In the period from time T ₀₁ to time T ₀₂ , as shown in (4A) of FIG. 4, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is connected to the power supply string 110 because the switching command is at the u-phase (81-84) position. It will be electrically connected to. Therefore, the switch 74 provided in the u-phase second electric circuit is turned on as shown in FIG. 4 (4B), and the switch 71 provided in the u-phase first electric circuit is the same as that shown in FIG. As shown to (4E), it will be in an OFF state. Accordingly, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected between the power supply string 110 and the three-phase connection line 103. On the other hand, the switches 75 and 76 provided in the second electric circuit of the v phase and the w phase are in the normal off state as shown in (4C) and (4D) of FIG. The switches 72 and 73 provided in the first electric circuit are in a normal ON state as shown in (4F) and (4G) of FIG. As a result, the power supply strings 120 and 130 are electrically connected directly to the three-phase connection 103 without the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) interposed.

In the period from time T ₀₂ to time T ₀₃ , as shown in (4A) of FIG. 4, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is in the power supply string 130 because the switching command is at the w-phase (83-86) position. It will be electrically connected to. Therefore, the switch 76 provided in the w-phase second electric circuit is turned on as shown in FIG. 4 (4D), and the switch 73 provided in the w-phase first electric circuit is the same as that shown in FIG. As shown in (4G), the state is turned off. Thus, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is electrically connected between the power supply string 130 and the three-phase connection line 103. On the other hand, the switches 74 and 75 provided in the u-phase and v-phase second electric circuits are normally turned off as shown in (4B) and (4C) of FIG. The switches 71 and 72 provided in the first electric circuit are in a normal ON state as shown in (4E) and (4F) of FIG. As a result, the power supply strings 110 and 120 are directly electrically connected to the three-phase connection 103 without the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) interposed.

Thereafter, when the target three-phase AC voltage does not change greatly, the operation from the time 0 to the time T ₀₁ , the operation from the time T ₀₁ to the time T ₀₂ , and the period from the time T ₀₂ to the time T ₀₃ The operation is repeated in that order.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the electrical connection between the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 and the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is switched by the switching device 150, it contributes to the generation of the AC voltage of each phase. The number of power supply units is switched from 3 to 4, from 4 to 3, according to the phase of the three-phase AC voltage.

  In the present embodiment, the number of power supply units contributing to the generation of the AC voltage of each phase is switched from 3 to 4, from 4 to 3, according to the phase of the three-phase AC voltage. As described above, there are cases where the target three-phase AC voltage becomes low, and the three-phase AC voltage corresponding to the target three-phase AC voltage can be output only by the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130. In this state, the power supply string 140 (power supply unit 141) is not electrically connected to each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 sequentially, and enters a dormant state. That is, in this state, the number of power supply units that contribute to the generation of the AC voltage of each phase does not switch from three to four.

《Power string operation principle》
Next, before describing the operation of the power supply apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the operation principle of the power supply string will be described with reference to the configuration of FIG. 2, using FIG.

  Here, an operation for generating an AC voltage when one power supply string S is configured by electrical series connection of power supply units A, B, C, and D having the same configuration as the power supply unit 111 shown in FIG. The principle will be described.

  FIG. 5 shows a control command for generating a rectangular waveform output voltage pattern generated in each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D, and a rectangular waveform generated in each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D. And the time variation of the correspondence relationship between the output voltage of the power source units A, B, C and D and the AC voltage for one phase generated by synthesizing the output voltages of the respective rectangular waveforms.

  The control command is a modulated wave (sine wave) indicating a target AC voltage for the power supply string S and a carrier (a carrier wave that is a triangular wave) corresponding to each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D constituting the power supply string S. FIG. 5 shows a half cycle.

  In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents time.

  In FIG. 5, the vertical axis indicates the waveform potential level and the output voltage. Specifically, (5A) in FIG. 5 shows the modulation wave (solid line) for the power supply string S (power supply units A, B, C, and D) and the carrier (broken line) for each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D. Indicates the potential level. (5B) in FIG. 5 shows a rectangular wave-like output voltage of the power supply unit A. (5C) in FIG. 5 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit B in the form of a rectangular wave. (5D) of FIG. 5 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit C in the form of a rectangular wave. (5E) in FIG. 5 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit D in the form of a rectangular wave. (5F) in FIG. 5 shows the output voltage of the power supply string S.

  As shown in (5B) to (5E) of FIG. 5, the power supply string S is generated by sharing a rectangular wave output voltage in each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D. The rectangular wave output voltage is synthesized as shown in (5F) of FIG. 5 because the power supply units A, B, C, and D are electrically connected in series, and a modulated wave (FIG. 5F) indicating the target AC voltage ( It is output from the power supply string S as a sine wave AC voltage close to a sine wave.

  In generating the rectangular wave output voltage in each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D, the control units 40 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D are each generated as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a sinusoidal modulated wave indicating the target AC voltage is compared with a corresponding triangular wave carrier (carrier wave), and a rectangular wave voltage is generated when the modulated wave is larger than the carrier. Here, as shown in FIG. 5 (5A), the carrier has different potential levels in the power supply units A, B, C, and D, respectively. Thus, the power supply string S can be generated by sharing different output voltages in the power supply units A, B, C, and D, respectively.

  Each control unit 40 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D is based on the above-described comparison, and information on a rectangular wave voltage generation pattern generated in the corresponding power supply unit among the power supply units A, B, C, and D. Is calculated. When the information regarding the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, the control units 40 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D are based on the calculated information regarding the voltage generation pattern. The information regarding each switching drive pattern of switching element 31,33,35,37 which comprises the switching circuit 30 of a corresponding power supply unit is calculated. Then, each control unit 40 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D, based on the calculated information regarding the switching drive pattern, switches the corresponding power supply unit among the power supply units A, B, C, and D. 30 generates notch waves to be input to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37, and outputs the notch waves to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D are the switching elements 31 that constitute the switching circuit 30 of the corresponding power supply unit among the power supply units A, B, C, and D. When input to the respective gates 33, 35, 37, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units A, B, C, D are respectively corresponding control units. Switching (on / off) is performed based on the notch wave transmitted from 40. As a result, each of the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units A, B, C, and D generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (5B) to (5E) of FIG. To do.

  The rectangular wave-like voltages generated in each of the power supply units A, B, C, and D are combined as shown in (5F) of FIG. 5 and are applied to the target AC voltage (modulated wave) shown in (5A) of FIG. It is output as the output voltage of the power supply string S.

  As described above, FIG. 5 illustrates the operation principle when one power supply string is configured by four power supply units and the output voltage of the power supply string is generated by sharing the four power supply units. The sharing of the output voltage by the power supply unit may extend over a plurality of power supply strings.

《Power supply operation》
Next, the operation of the power supply apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 6 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the three-phase modulated waves of the power supply device 110, the modulated waves corresponding to the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140, and the switching command to the switching device 150. FIG. 7 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the output voltages for the three phases of the power supply device 100, the output voltages of the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140, and the switching command for the switching device 150.

  6 and 7, the horizontal axis represents time.

  In FIG. 6, the vertical axis indicates the modulated wave and the switching command. Specifically, (6A) in FIG. 6 shows three-phase modulated waves for the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates a u-phase modulated wave. The dotted line indicates a v-phase modulated wave. A broken line indicates a w-phase modulated wave. When the u-phase modulated wave is used as a reference, the v-phase modulated wave is electrically 120 degrees away from the u-phase modulated wave, and the w-phase modulated wave is electrically different from the v-phase modulated wave. There is a phase difference of 120 degrees. That is, the three-phase modulated wave is a symmetrical three-phase alternating current, and the power supply device 100 is required to output a symmetrical three-phase alternating voltage. Note that when the modulated waves of (6B) to (6E) in FIG. 6 described later are combined, the modulated wave of (6A) in FIG. 6 is obtained. FIG. 6B shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 110. FIG. (6C) in FIG. 6 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 120. FIG. (6D) of FIG. 6 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 130. (6E) of FIG. 6 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 140. FIG. (6F) in FIG. 6 shows a switching command to the switching device 150. Note that by comparing (6E) and (6F) in FIG. 6, it is possible to determine which phase of the modulation wave for the power supply string 140 is to generate an output voltage for each time interval.

  In FIG. 7, the vertical axis indicates the output voltage and the switching command. Specifically, (7A) in FIG. 7 shows the output voltage of the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates the u-phase output voltage. The dotted line indicates the output voltage of the v phase. A broken line indicates a w-phase output voltage. When the output voltages of (7B) to (7E) in FIG. 7 described later are combined, the output voltage of (7A) in FIG. 7 is obtained. FIG. 7B shows the output voltage of the power supply string 110. FIG. 7 (7C) shows the output voltage of the power supply string 120. FIG. (7D) of FIG. 7 shows the output voltage of the power supply string 130. Here, the output voltages of (7B) to (7E) in FIG. 7 are output voltages obtained by combining rectangular output voltages of a plurality of power supply units constituting the corresponding power supply string. 7 (7E) shows the output voltage of the power supply string 140. FIG. (7F) in FIG. 7 shows a switching command to the switching device 150. By comparing (7E) and (7F) in FIG. 7, it can be understood which phase the output voltage of the power supply string 140 generates for each time interval.

  In the present embodiment, basically, the output voltage of each phase is shared by a plurality of power supply units and output based on the same principle as the operation shown in FIG.

  However, in the present embodiment, the output voltage of each phase spans between two power supply strings and is shared and output by a plurality of power supply units of the two power supply strings. Specifically, the u-phase output voltage spans the power supply strings 110 and 140 and is shared and output by the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110 and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140. The v-phase output voltage spans the power supply strings 130 and 140 and is shared and output by the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120 and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140. The w-phase output voltage spans the power supply strings 130 and 140 and is shared by the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130 and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140.

As shown in (6B) of FIG. 6, each control unit 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110 from the central control device 160 has a u-phase of the power supply device 100 shown in (6A) of FIG. 6. Among the modulation waves, the waveform in the portion between level + h and level -h is set and output as the modulation wave (target output voltage) for the power supply string 110. Specifically, the period and the period from time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ from time 0 is a large level + h less time than the level 0 to time T _11, is greater time than smaller level -h than the level 0 with the duration and the time T ₁₅ from time T ₁₃ to time T ₁₄ is the period until the next time is set to be a sine wave, a period from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ the level of the time T ₁₁ ( + h) is set to hold a news from time T ₁₄ to time T ₁₅ is output modulated wave is set so as to hold the level (-h) of time T _14.

As shown in (6C) of FIG. 6, each control unit 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120 from the central control device 160 has a v phase of the power supply device 100 shown in (6A) of FIG. 6. Among the modulation waves, the waveform in the portion between level + h and level -h is set and output as the modulation wave (target output voltage) for the power supply string 120. Specifically, the period from the period and the time T ₁₄ from time T ₁₂ is greater level + h less time than the level 0 to the time T ₁₃ to time T _15, at a greater time than smaller level -h than the level 0 The period from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ and the period from time T ₁₅ to the next time are set to be sinusoidal, and the period from time 0 to time T ₁₁ is at the level of time 0 (− It is set to hold h), further from time T ₁₃ to time T ₁₄ is output set modulated wave to hold a level (+ h) of time T _13.

As shown in (6D) of FIG. 6, each control unit 40 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130 from the central control device 160 has a w phase of the power supply device 100 shown in (6 </ b> A) of FIG. 6. Among the modulation waves, the waveform in the portion between level + h and level -h is set and output as the modulation wave (target output voltage) for the power supply string 130. Specifically, the period and the period from time T ₁₄ to time T ₁₅ from time 0 is a large level + h less time than the level 0 to time T _11, is greater time than smaller level -h than the level 0 with the period from the period and the time T ₁₃ from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₄ is set to be a sine wave, a period from time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ is the time T ₁₂ levels ( is set to hold -h), further from time T ₁₅ until the next time are output modulated wave is set so as to hold the level (-h) of time T _15.

As shown in (6E) of FIG. 6, the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 140 of the power supply string 140 from the central control device 160 has a modulated wave of each phase of the power supply device 100 shown in (6A) of FIG. A waveform obtained by synthesizing a waveform of a portion larger than level + h and a waveform of a portion smaller than level −h is set and output as a modulation wave (target output voltage) for power supply string 140. Specifically, the period from time 0 to time T ₁₁ is a waveform smaller than the level-h of the v-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6 (the v-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6). in so that adding the waveform level + h waveform obtained by (a level -h waveform subtraction) was), from time T ₁₁ to time T _12, the u-phase as shown in (6A) of FIG. 6 The time is such that the waveform is greater than the level + h of the modulated wave (the waveform obtained by subtracting the level + h waveform (adding the level-h waveform) to the u-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6). During the period from T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ , the waveform is smaller than the level-h of the w-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6 (the waveform of level + h is added to the w-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6). so that the added waveform obtained by (a level -h waveform subtraction) was), from time T ₁₃ to time T ₁₄ is A waveform larger than the level + h of the v-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6 (the level + h waveform is subtracted (added to the level-h waveform) to the v-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6). so that is waveform) obtained Te, from time T ₁₄ to time T ₁₅ is shown in (6A) to indicate the u-phase modulation wave level + h is greater than the waveform (of FIG. 6 (6A) of FIG. 6 adding the waveform level + h in modulated wave u-phase as a waveform) obtained by (a level -h waveform subtraction) and, from time T ₁₅ until the next time, in FIG. 6 (6A) And a waveform larger than the level + h of the w-phase modulated wave shown in FIG. 6 (a waveform obtained by subtracting the level + h waveform (adding the level-h waveform) to the w-phase modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6) and Thus, a modulated wave having a shape like a third-order harmonic, which is a combination of these waveforms, is output.

As shown in (6F) of FIG. 6, the switching control device 90 of the central control device 160 to the switching device 150 sends the electric power of the power supply string 140 in accordance with the modulation wave of the power supply string 140 shown in (6F) of FIG. A switching command indicating a specific connection destination is set and output. Specifically, the period from time 0 to time T ₁₁ is set to be electrically connected to the power supply string 120 corresponding to the v phase, and the period from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ is the u phase. is set so as to be electrically connected to a power source string 110 corresponding to the period from time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ is set so as to be electrically connected to a power source string 130 corresponding to the w-phase, from time T ₁₃ to time T ₁₄ is the power source string 120 corresponding to the v-phase are set so as to be electrically connected, from time T ₁₄ to time T ₁₅ correspond to the u-phase power supply the string 110 is set so as to be electrically connected, from time T ₁₅ until the next time, the switching command which is set so as to be electrically connected to a power source string 120 corresponding to the w-phase output Has been.

  Further, the control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110, the control units 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130, respectively. Corresponding potential level carriers (triangular waves) are output from the central controller 160 to the respective control units 40 and the control units 40 of the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140. A carrier wave may be generated in each control unit 40 based on information from the central controller 160.

  In the power supply string 110, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 111, 112, 113 compares the modulated wave shown in (6 B) of FIG. 6 with the corresponding carrier wave, and in each of the power supply units 111, 112, 113. Information on the generated rectangular wave voltage generation pattern is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, and 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are calculated. , 37 is calculated, and the switching elements 31, 33, 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, 113 are calculated based on the calculated information regarding the switching drive pattern. 37 Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate of respectively, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 correspond to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 that constitute the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, respectively. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are each based on the notch wave that is signal-transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (7B) of FIG. 7, the rectangular wave voltages generated in the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in (6B) of FIG. The

  In the power supply string 120, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 compares the modulated wave shown in (6C) of FIG. 6 with the corresponding carrier wave, and in each of the power supply units 121, 122, 123, Information on the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern to be generated is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, and 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are calculated. , 37 is calculated, and the switching elements 31, 33, 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 are calculated based on the calculated information regarding the switching drive pattern. 37 Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate of respectively, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 correspond to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of each of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are based on the notch waves that are signal-transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40, respectively. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (7C) of FIG. 7, the rectangular wave voltages generated in the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in (6C) of FIG. The

  In the power supply string 130, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 compares the modulated wave shown in (6D) of FIG. 6 with the corresponding carrier wave, and in each of the power supply units 131, 132, 133, Information on the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern to be generated is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, and 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are calculated. , 37 is calculated, and the switching elements 31, 33, 35 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 are calculated based on the calculated information regarding the switching drive pattern. 37 Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate of respectively, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 are the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are based on notch waves that are signal-transmitted from the corresponding control units 40, respectively. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (7D) of FIG. 7, the rectangular wave voltages generated in each of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in (6D) of FIG. The

  In the power supply string 140, the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 141 compares the modulated wave shown in (6E) of FIG. 6 with the corresponding carrier wave, and calculates information on the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern generated in the power supply unit 141. Then, based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern, information on the switching drive patterns of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 is calculated. Based on the information related to the switching drive pattern, a notch wave to be input to each gate of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 is generated. 33, 35, 37 And outputs it to the gate of the respectively.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 141 is input to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141, the switching circuit of the power supply unit 141 is used. The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the circuit 30 are switched (ON / OFF) based on the notch wave transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40. As a result, the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (7E) of FIG.

As shown in (7F) in FIG. 7, in the period from the period and the time T ₁₃ from time 0 to time T ₁₁ to time T _14, the switching command to the switching device 150, power string 120 corresponding to the v-phase Show. For this reason, the power supply string 140 is electrically connected to the power supply string 120. As a result, the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (7E) of FIG. 7 is combined with the output voltage of the power supply string 120. That is, in the period from time 0 to time T ₁₁ and the period from time T ₁₃ to time T ₁₄ , the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, and the v-phase output is output. The voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, 123, and 141, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133.

In the period from the period and the time T ₁₄ from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ to time T _15, the switching command to the switching device 150, shows a power string 110 corresponding to the u-phase. For this reason, the power supply string 140 is electrically connected to the power supply string 110. As a result, the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (7E) of FIG. 7 is combined with the output voltage of the power supply string 110. That is, in the period from time T ₁₁ to time T ₁₂ and the period from time T ₁₄ to time T ₁₅ , the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, 113, and 141, and v The phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133.

In the period from the period and the time T ₁₅ from time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ until the next time, the switching command to the switching device 150, shows a power string 130 corresponding to the w-phase. For this reason, the power supply string 140 is electrically connected to the power supply string 130. As a result, the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (7E) of FIG. 7 is combined with the output voltage of the power supply string 130. That is, in the period from time T ₁₂ to time T ₁₃ and the period from time T ₁₃ to the next time, the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, and The output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, 133, and 141.

  As described above, when the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140 and the switching device 150 operate, the power supply device 100 causes the modulated wave shown in (6A) of FIG. 6 as shown in (7A) of FIG. A three-phase AC voltage corresponding to (a target three-phase AC voltage indicating a required voltage of the power system 200) is generated, and the generated three-phase AC voltage is transformed to a high voltage by the three-phase transformer 101, so that the power system 200 Can be output. Thereby, the power supply apparatus 100 can be linked to the power system 200.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system is insufficient with respect to the load-side required power, power is supplied (discharged) from the power supply device 100 to the power system 200 to generate power. It can make up for the power shortage of the system.

  When a three-phase AC voltage is input from the power system 200, the power supply device 100 controls the control command from the central controller 160 based on the three-phase AC voltage that is input and transformed to a low voltage by the three-phase transformer 101. Are output to the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120, the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130, and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140, respectively. These operations are controlled in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. As a result, the electron microscope apparatus 100 converts the transformed three-phase AC voltage into the power supply units 111, 112, 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply units 131 of the power supply string 130, 132, 133 and each of the power supply units 141 of the power supply string 140 can be rectified and converted into a DC voltage and output to the corresponding power storage unit 10. Each power storage unit 10 can charge the secondary battery 11 with a DC voltage.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a surplus state with respect to the required power on the load side, the surplus power of the power generation system is recovered from the power system 200. Can be stored (charged) in the power supply device 100.

  In this embodiment, as shown in (6E) of FIG. 6 and (7E) of FIG. 7, the output voltage of the power supply string 140 is set to the maximum of the three-phase modulation wave shown in (6A) of FIG. Since the voltage corresponds to the vicinity of the minimum amplitude (before and after the inflection point), the period during which the voltage is output can be made shorter than that of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130, and the voltage input / output to / from the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140 (Power) can be made smaller than the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130. Thereby, in this embodiment, overcharge and overdischarge of the power supply unit 141 based on switching of the electrical connection of the power supply unit 141 due to frequent switching operation of the switching device 150 can be suppressed.

  Further, in this embodiment, the power supply string 140 is a common power supply string, and the electrical connection destination is changed from the power supply string 120 to the power supply string 110, the power supply string 110 to the power supply string 130, and the power supply string 130 by the switching device 150. From the power supply string 120 to the power supply string 120, the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 are used in a number of four (12 in total). Rather than doing this, the number of power supply units can be reduced by two (10 in total), and the cost of the power supply apparatus 100 can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the introduction cost of the power supply apparatus 100 can be reduced, and the power supply apparatus 100 can be easily introduced.

  The modulated wave and the output voltage shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are examples. If the operation state of the power supply apparatus 100 and the state of the power system 200 change, those modes are also changed. For example, if the three-phase AC voltage required by the power system 200 decreases, the amplitude of the modulation wave indicating the target three-phase AC voltage decreases, and accordingly, the power supply units 111, 112, 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply The voltage generation patterns of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 of the string 120, the power supply units 131, 132, 133 of the power supply string 130, and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140 are changed and generated in the power storage system of the power supply device 100. The output voltage decreases.

  Here, when the output voltage for the target three-phase AC voltage can be generated by the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130, the power supply string 140 generates the output voltage for each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130. In addition, the electrical connection of the power supply string 140 to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 by switching the switching device 150 is not performed.

  In the present embodiment, the voltages (power) input / output to / from the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140 are the power supply units 111, 112, 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply. Although it is smaller than the power supply units 131, 132, 133 of the string 130, it may be made larger. In this case, in order to suppress overcharge and overdischarge of the power supply unit 141 based on switching of the electrical connection of the power supply unit 141 due to frequent switching operation of the switching device 150, it is preferable to provide a protective device such as a resistor.

[Embodiment 2]
The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment.

  Below, a different part from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated, about the same part as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, a different part of the system configuration of the power supply apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

<Configuration of power storage system>
In the present embodiment, the number of power supply units constituting the power supply string is different from that in the first embodiment. Specifically, the power supply string 110 is composed of one power supply unit 111. The power supply string 120 is composed of one power supply unit 121. The power supply string 130 is composed of one power supply unit 131. The power supply string 140 is composed of six power supply units 141 to 146. Thus, in this embodiment, the number of power supply units constituting each of the power strings 110, 120, and 130 for each phase is one, and the number of power supply units constituting the power string 140 common to the three phases is plural ( Six).

  Similarly to the power supply units 121, 131, and 141, the power supply units 142 to 146 have the same configuration as the power supply unit 111 shown in FIG. 2.

  In the power supply string 140, each of the six power supply units 141 to 146 is sequentially switched in electrical connection destination according to the phase of the three-phase alternating current. For this reason, each of the six power supply units 141 to 146 is provided with a switching device. Specifically, the power supply unit 141 is provided with a switching device 150 correspondingly. The power supply unit 142 is provided with a switching device 151 correspondingly. The power supply unit 143 is provided with a switching device 152 correspondingly. The power supply unit 144 is provided with a switching device 153 correspondingly. A switching device 154 is provided corresponding to the power supply unit 145. The power supply unit 146 is provided with a switching device 155 correspondingly.

  The switching devices 151 to 155 have the same configuration as the switching device 150 shown in FIG.

《Power supply operation》
Next, the operation of the power supply apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 9 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the three-phase modulated waves of the power supply device 110 and the switching commands for the switching devices 150 to 155. FIG. 10 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the output voltages for the three phases of the power supply apparatus 100 and the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 121, 131, 141 to 146.

  9 and 10, the horizontal axis represents time.

  In FIG. 9, the vertical axis indicates the modulation wave and the switching command. Specifically, (9A) in FIG. 9 shows three-phase modulated waves for the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates a u-phase modulated wave. The dotted line indicates a v-phase modulated wave. A broken line indicates a w-phase modulated wave. When the u-phase modulated wave is used as a reference, the v-phase modulated wave is electrically 120 degrees away from the u-phase modulated wave, and the w-phase modulated wave is electrically different from the v-phase modulated wave. There is a phase difference of 120 degrees. That is, the three-phase modulated wave is a symmetrical three-phase alternating current, and the power supply device 100 is required to output a symmetrical three-phase alternating voltage. (9B) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 150. (9C) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 151. (9D) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 152. (9E) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 153. (9F) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 154. (9G) in FIG. 9 shows a switching command to the switching device 155.

  In FIG. 10, the vertical axis indicates the output voltage. Specifically, (10A) in FIG. 10 indicates the output voltage of the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates the u-phase output voltage. The dotted line indicates the output voltage of the v phase. A broken line indicates a w-phase output voltage. When the output voltages of (10B) to (10J) in FIG. 10 described later are combined, the output voltage of (10A) in FIG. 10 is obtained. (10B) in FIG. 10 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit 141. (10C) in FIG. 10 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit 142. (10D) of FIG. 10 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit 143. (10E) in FIG. 10 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit 144. (10F) in FIG. 10 indicates the output voltage of the power supply unit 145. (10G) in FIG. 10 shows the output voltage of the power supply unit 146. (10H) in FIG. 10 indicates the output voltage of the power supply unit 111. (10I) in FIG. 10 indicates the output voltage of the power supply unit 121. (10J) in FIG. 10 indicates the output voltage of the power supply unit 131.

  In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the output voltage of each phase is shared and output by the plurality of power supply units of the two power supply strings across the two power supply strings. However, the number of power supply units constituting each of the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140 is different from that in the first embodiment. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the final three-phase AC voltage output from the power supply device 100 is the same, but the sharing method among the power supply units and the voltage shared by each power supply unit are the same as those in the first embodiment. Is different.

  The power supply units 111, 121, and 131 are respectively near the maximum and minimum amplitudes of the modulation wave of the corresponding phase shown in (9A) of FIG. 9 among the rectangular wave voltages for generating the output voltage of the corresponding phase. A rectangular wave voltage corresponding to (before and after the inflection point) is generated.

  The control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 each have a control command (modulation wave and control signal) necessary for generating a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of a corresponding phase from the central controller 160. Carrier wave) is output.

  In each control unit 40 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131, the corresponding modulated wave output from the central controller 160 is compared with the corresponding carrier wave, and generated in each of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131. Information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 are calculated. Information on the respective switching drive patterns is calculated, and the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 are calculated based on the information on the calculated switching drive patterns. Each of Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 121, 131 correspond to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 121, 131. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 are based on the notch waves transmitted from the corresponding control units 40, respectively. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each of the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (10H) to (10J) of FIG.

Output voltages shown in (10H) ~ (10J) in FIG. 10, when the period of time from time 0 to time T ₂₂ is T, is switched positive and negative at a period of 3T.

  The power supply units 141 to 146 are the remaining rectangular wave voltages (not illustrated) except for the rectangular wave voltage generated in each of the power supply units 111, 121, and 131 among the rectangular wave voltages for generating the three-phase output voltage. 9 (9A) of the three-phase modulated waves, the voltage of the rectangular waveform corresponding to the remaining waveform portions excluding the waveform portions corresponding to the power supply units 111, 121, 131, respectively, It is generated by sharing sequentially according to.

Among them, the power supply units 141 to 143 generate the same rectangular wave-like voltage for generating the output voltage of each phase in the order of the v-phase, u-phase, and w-phase, with time 0 as a reference. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , the same rectangular wave-like voltage for generating the v-phase output voltage is generated, and in the period from time T ₂₂ to time T ₂₄ , the u-phase voltage is generated. The same rectangular wave voltage for generating the output voltage is generated. In the period from time T ₂₄ to time T ₂₆ , the same rectangular wave voltage for generating the w-phase output voltage is generated, and the time T ₂₆ is generated. In the period from the time T ₂₈ to the time T ₂₈ , the same rectangular wave voltage for generating the v-phase output voltage is generated, and in the period from the time T ₂₈ to the time T ₃₀ , the u-phase output voltage is generated. The same rectangular wave-like voltage is generated, and the same rectangular wave-like voltage for generating the w-phase output voltage is generated in a period from time T ₃₀ to the next time after time T ₃₁ .

  Each control unit 40 of the power supply units 141 to 143 receives a control command (modulated wave and carrier wave) necessary for generating a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase from the central controller 160. It is output.

As shown in (9B) to (9D) of FIG. 9, the switching control devices 90 of the switching devices 150 to 152 are matched with the modulated waves output to the control units 40 of the power supply units 141 to 143. A switching command indicating the electrical connection destination of the power supply units 141 to 143 is output from the central controller 160. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , it is set to be electrically connected to the v-phase power supply unit 121, and in the period from time T ₂₂ to time T ₂₄ , the u-phase power supply is set so as to be electrically connected to the unit 111, in the period from time T ₂₄ to time T _26, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 131 of the w-phase, from time T ₂₆ time T in a period from _28, v is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 121 of the phase, during the period from time T ₂₈ to time T _30, to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 111 of the u-phase In the period from time T ₃₀ to the next time T ₃₁ , the switching command set to be electrically connected to the w-phase power supply unit 131 is output.

  Each control unit 40 of the power supply units 141 to 143 compares the corresponding modulated wave output from the central controller 160 with the corresponding carrier wave, and generates a rectangular wave voltage generated in each of the power supply units 141 to 143. Information on the generation pattern is calculated, and the switching drive patterns of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 141 to 143 are calculated based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern. Information is calculated and input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 141 to 143 based on the calculated information related to the switching drive pattern. Notch wave Generated, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 141 to 143 are input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35 and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 141 to 143. The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 141 to 143 are switched (on and off) based on the notch waves transmitted from the corresponding control units 40, respectively. ) As a result, each of the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 141 to 143 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (10B) to (10D) of FIG.

Output voltages shown in (10B) ~ (10D) of FIG. 10, when the period of time from time 0 to time T ₂₂ is T, is switched positive and negative at a period of T.

The power supply unit 144 generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase in the order of the u phase, the w phase, and the v phase with respect to time 0. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating the u-phase output voltage is generated, and in the period from time T ₂₂ to time T ₂₄ , the w-phase output is generated. A rectangular wave voltage for generating a voltage is generated. In a period from time T ₂₄ to time T ₂₆ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating a v-phase output voltage is generated, and from time T ₂₆ to time T ₂₆ in a period from ₂₈ to generate a rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the u phase, during the period from time T ₂₈ to time T _30, the rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the w-phase In the period from the time T ₃₀ to the next time T ₃₁ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating the v-phase output voltage is generated. Thus, the power supply unit 144, when the time period from time 0 to time T ₂₁ is t, temporally displaced 2t min to the power supply unit 141 to 1,434, from the u-phase and w-phase, v the phase In order, a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase is generated.

  The control unit 40 of the power supply unit 144 outputs a control command (modulated wave and carrier wave) necessary for generating a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase from the central controller 160. .

The switching control device 90 of the switching device 153 indicates the electrical connection destination of the power supply unit 144 as shown in (9E) of FIG. 9 in accordance with the modulated wave output to the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 144. A switching command is output from the central controller 160. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , it is set to be electrically connected to the u-phase power supply unit 111, and in the period from time T ₂₂ to time T ₂₄ , the w-phase power supply is set so as to be electrically connected to the unit 131, in the period from time T ₂₄ to time T _26, v-phase are set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 121, a time T ₂₆ time T in a period from _28, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 111 of the u-phase, during the period from time T ₂₈ to time T _30, to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 131 of the w-phase In the period from the time T ₃₀ to the next time T ₃₁ , the switching command set to be electrically connected to the v-phase power supply unit 121 is output.

  The control unit 40 of the power supply unit 144 compares the corresponding modulated wave output from the central control device 160 with the corresponding carrier wave, calculates information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern generated in the power supply unit 144, Based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern, information on each switching drive pattern of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 144 is calculated, and the calculated switching drive is calculated. Based on the information regarding the pattern, a notch wave to be input to each of the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 144 is generated, and the notch wave is generated by the switching elements 31, 33. , 35, 37 And outputs it to the gate.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 144 is input to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 144, the switching circuit of the power supply unit 144 is used. The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the circuit 30 are switched (on and off) based on the notch wave that is signal-transmitted from the control unit 40. As a result, the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 144 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (10E) of FIG.

Output voltages shown in (10E) of FIG. 10, when the period of time from time 0 to time T ₂₂ is T, but positive and negative are switched at a period T, then the (10B) ~ (10D) of FIG. 10 The phase is shifted by 1/2 of T compared to the output voltage shown.

The power supply unit 145 generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase in the order of the w phase, the v phase, and the u phase with respect to time 0. Specifically, a rectangular wave voltage for generating a w-phase output voltage is generated in a period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , and a v-phase output is generated in a period from time T ₂₂ to time T _24. A rectangular wave voltage for generating a voltage is generated. In a period from time T ₂₄ to time T ₂₆ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating an u-phase output voltage is generated, and from time T ₂₆ to time T ₂₆ in a period from ₂₈ to generate a rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the w-phase, during the period from time T ₂₈ to time T _30, v-phase output voltage square-wave voltage to produce a In the period from time T ₃₀ to the next time T ₃₁ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating the u-phase output voltage is generated. Thus, the power supply unit 145, when the time period from time 0 to time T ₂₁ is t, temporally displaced 2t min to the power supply unit 144, v phase from w-phase, in the order of u-phase, A rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase is generated.

  The control unit 40 of the power supply unit 145 outputs a control command (modulated wave and carrier wave) necessary for generating a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase from the central controller 160. .

The switching control device 90 of the switching device 154 indicates the electrical connection destination of the power supply unit 145 as shown in (9F) of FIG. 9 according to the modulated wave output to the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 145. A switching command is output from the central controller 160. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₂ , it is set to be electrically connected to the w-phase power supply unit 131, and in the period from time T ₂₂ to time T ₂₄ , the v-phase power supply is set. is set so as to be electrically connected to the unit 121, in the period from time T ₂₄ to time T _26, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 111 of the u-phase, from time T ₂₆ time T in a period from _28, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 131 of the w-phase, during the period from time T ₂₈ to time T _30, to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 121 of the v-phase In the period from the time T ₃₀ to the next time T ₃₁ , the switching command set to be electrically connected to the u-phase power supply unit 111 is output.

  In the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 145, the corresponding modulated wave output from the central controller 160 is compared with the corresponding carrier wave, and information on the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern generated in the power supply unit 145 is calculated. Based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern, information on each switching drive pattern of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 145 is calculated, and the calculated switching drive is calculated. Based on the information about the pattern, a notch wave to be input to each gate of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 145 is generated, and the notch wave is generated by the switching elements 31, 33. , 35, 37 And outputs it to the gate.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 145 is input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 145, the switching circuit of the power supply unit 145 The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the circuit 30 are switched (on and off) based on the notch wave that is signal-transmitted from the control unit 40. As a result, the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 145 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (10F) of FIG.

Output voltages shown in (10F) of FIG. 10, when the period of time from time 0 to time T ₂₂ is T, but positive and negative are switched at a period T, then the (10B) ~ (10D) of FIG. 10 The phase is shifted by 1/2 of T compared to the output voltage shown.

The power supply unit 146 generates a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase in the order of the u phase, the w phase, and the v phase with respect to time 0. Specifically, in the period from time 0 to time T ₂₁ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating the u-phase output voltage is generated, and in the period from time T ₂₁ to time T ₂₃ , the w-phase output is generated. generates a rectangular-wave voltage for generating the voltage, during the period from time T ₂₃ to time T _25, generates a rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the v-phase, from time to time T ₂₅ T in a period from ₂₇ to generate a rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the u phase, during the period from time T ₂₇ to time T _29, the rectangular-wave voltage for generating an output voltage of the w-phase In the period from time T ₂₉ to time T ₃₁ , a rectangular wave voltage for generating the v-phase output voltage is generated, and in the period from time T ₃₁ to the next time, the u-phase output is generated. A rectangular wave voltage for generating a voltage is generated. Thus, the power supply unit 146, when the time period from time 0 to time T ₂₁ is t, temporally displaced 1t fraction to the power supply unit 144, w phase from the u-phase, the order of the v-phase, It is generated from a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase.

  The control unit 40 of the power supply unit 146 outputs a control command (modulated wave and carrier wave) necessary for generating a rectangular wave voltage for generating an output voltage of each phase from the central controller 160. .

The switching control device 90 of the switching device 155 indicates the electrical connection destination of the power supply unit 146 as shown in (9G) of FIG. 9 in accordance with the modulated wave output to the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 146. A switching command is output from the central controller 160. Specifically, during the period from time 0 to time T _21, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 111 of the u-phase, during the period from time T ₂₁ to time T _23, the w-phase power supply is set so as to be electrically connected to the unit 131, in the period from time T ₂₃ to time T _25, v-phase are set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 121, the time from the time T ₂₅ T in a period from _27, it is set so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 111 of the u-phase, during the period from time T ₂₇ to time T _29, to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 131 of the w-phase In the period from time T ₂₉ to time T ₃₁ , it is set to be electrically connected to the v-phase power supply unit 121, and in the period from time T ₃₁ to the next time, the u-phase power supply Electrically connected to unit 111 Switching command, which is sea urchin settings are output.

  The control unit 40 of the power supply unit 146 compares the corresponding modulated wave output from the central controller 160 with the corresponding carrier wave, calculates information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern generated in the power supply unit 146, Based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern, information on each switching drive pattern of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 146 is calculated, and the calculated switching drive is calculated. Based on the information regarding the pattern, a notch wave to be input to each gate of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 146 is generated, and the notch wave is generated by the switching elements 31 and 33. , 35, 37 And outputs it to the gate.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 146 is input to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 that constitute the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 146, the switching circuit of the power supply unit 146 The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the circuit 30 are switched (on and off) based on the notch wave that is signal-transmitted from the control unit 40. As a result, the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 146 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (10G) of FIG.

Output voltages shown in (10G) of FIG. 10, the period of time from time 0 to time T ₂₂ when is T, it is switched positive and negative at a period T, then the (10B) ~ (10G) of FIG. 10 The period during which a positive or negative voltage is output is shorter than the output voltage shown.

  The output voltages of the power supply units 111, 121, 131, 141 to 146 shown in (10B) to (10J) of FIG. 10 are synthesized for each phase. As a result, the output voltage shown in (10A) of FIG.

  As described above, when the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140 and the switching device 150 operate, the power supply device 100 causes the modulated wave shown in (9A) of FIG. 9 as shown in (10A) of FIG. A three-phase AC voltage corresponding to (a target three-phase AC voltage indicating a required voltage of the power system 200) is generated, and the generated three-phase AC voltage is transformed to a high voltage by the three-phase transformer 101, so that the power system 200 Can be output. Thereby, the power supply apparatus 100 can be linked to the power system 200.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system is insufficient with respect to the load-side required power, power is supplied (discharged) from the power supply device 100 to the power system 200 to generate power. It can make up for the power shortage of the system.

  When a three-phase AC voltage is input from the power system 200, the power supply device 100 controls the control command from the central controller 160 based on the three-phase AC voltage that is input and transformed to a low voltage by the three-phase transformer 101. Are output to the power supply unit 111 of the power supply string 110, the power supply unit 121 of the power supply string 120, the power supply unit 131 of the power supply string 130, and the power supply units 141 to 146 of the power supply string 140, respectively. Control is performed in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. Thus, the electron microscope apparatus 100 converts the transformed three-phase AC voltage into the power supply unit 111 of the power supply string 110, the power supply unit 121 of the power supply string 120, the power supply unit 131 of the power supply string 130, and the power supply units 141 to 141 of the power supply string 140. Each of 146 can be rectified and converted into a DC voltage and output to the corresponding power storage unit 10. Each power storage unit 10 can charge the secondary battery 11 with a DC voltage.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a surplus state with respect to the required power on the load side, the surplus power of the power generation system is recovered from the power system 200. Can be stored (charged) in the power supply device 100.

  In the present embodiment, the power supply string 140 is a common power supply string for each phase, and the electrical connection destinations of the power supply units 141 to 146 are sequentially changed according to the phase of the three-phase alternating current by the switching devices 150 to 155. Since the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 are used by switching, the number of the power supply units is reduced by 3 (9 in total) rather than 4 (12 in total). And the cost of the power supply device 100 can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the introduction cost of the power supply apparatus 100 can be reduced, and the power supply apparatus 100 can be easily introduced.

[Embodiment 3]
The third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13.

  This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment.

  Below, a different part from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated, about the same part as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, a different part of the system configuration of the power supply apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

<Configuration of power storage system>
In the present embodiment, the manner in which the power supply string 140 is electrically connected to the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 is different from that in the first embodiment. Specifically, in the first embodiment, the power string 140 is electrically connected to the power strings 110, 120, and 130 via the switching device, whereas in the present embodiment, the power string 140 One end side is electrically connected to the neutral point 102 of the three-phase connection line 103. Thus, one end side of each of the power supply strings 110, 120, and 130 is directly electrically connected to the three-phase connection line 103.

  The primary winding of the transformer 101 is Δ (delta) connected. The secondary winding of the transformer 101 is Y (star) connected. Thereby, a neutral point is formed in the secondary winding of the transformer 101. The other end of the power supply string 140 is electrically connected to the neutral of the secondary winding.

  The power supply string 140 includes one power supply unit 141, which is sequentially changed between the neutral point 102 of the three-phase connection 103 and the neutral point of the secondary winding of the transformer 101 according to the three-phase phase. The rectangular voltage for generating the output voltage of each phase is injected.

《Power supply operation》
Next, the operation of the power supply apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 11 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 12 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the modulated waves for three phases of the power supply device 110 and the modulated waves corresponding to the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140, respectively. FIG. 13 shows temporal changes in the correspondence relationship between the output voltages of the three phases of the power supply device 100 and the output voltages of the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140.

  12 and 13, the horizontal axis represents time.

  In FIG. 12, the vertical axis indicates a modulated wave. Specifically, (12A) in FIG. 12 shows three-phase modulated waves for the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates a u-phase modulated wave. The dotted line indicates a v-phase modulated wave. A broken line indicates a w-phase modulated wave. When the u-phase modulated wave is used as a reference, the v-phase modulated wave is electrically 120 degrees away from the u-phase modulated wave, and the w-phase modulated wave is electrically different from the v-phase modulated wave. There is a phase difference of 120 degrees. That is, the three-phase modulated wave is a symmetrical three-phase alternating current, and the power supply device 100 is required to output a symmetrical three-phase alternating voltage. When the modulated waves of (12B) to (12E) in FIG. 12 described later are combined, the modulated wave of (12A) in FIG. 12 is obtained. (12B) of FIG. 12 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 110. FIG. (12C) in FIG. 12 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 120. FIG. (12D) of FIG. 12 shows a modulated wave with respect to the power supply string. (12E) of FIG. 12 shows a modulated wave for the power supply string 140. FIG.

  In FIG. 13, the vertical axis represents the output voltage. Specifically, (13A) in FIG. 13 shows the output voltage of the power supply apparatus 100. Here, the solid line indicates the u-phase output voltage. The dotted line indicates the output voltage of the v phase. A broken line indicates a w-phase output voltage. Note that when the output voltages of (13B) to (13E) in FIG. 13 described later are combined, the output voltage of (13A) in FIG. 13 is obtained. (13B) of FIG. 13 shows the output voltage of the power supply string 110. FIG. (13C) in FIG. 13 shows the output voltage of the power supply string 120. FIG. (13D) of FIG. 13 shows the output voltage of the power supply string 130. Here, the output voltages of (13B) to (13E) in FIG. 13 are output voltages obtained by combining rectangular output voltages of a plurality of power supply units constituting the corresponding power supply string. (13E) of FIG. 13 shows the output voltage of the power supply string 140. FIG.

When the modulated waves of each phase of the power supply device 100 shown in (12A) of FIG. 12 are defined by mathematical expressions, the following expressions (1) to (3) are obtained. Here, Vu is a u-phase modulation wave, Vv is a v-phase modulation wave, Vw is a w-phase modulation wave, θ is a u-phase phase angle, and V ₀ is an amplitude of each modulation wave. Show.

Further, when the modulated waves of the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140 shown in (12B) to (12E) of FIG. 12 are defined by mathematical expressions, the following expressions (4) to (7) are obtained. Here, V ₁₄₀ is a modulation wave of the power supply string 140, V ₁₁₀ is a modulation wave of the power supply string 110, V ₁₂₀ is a modulation wave of the power supply string 120, V ₁₃₀ is a modulation wave of the power supply string 130, and 3θ is V _{0_140} indicates the phase angle of the modulation wave of the power supply string 140, and V _{0_140} indicates the amplitude of the modulation wave of the power supply string 140, respectively.

  As shown in (12B) of FIG. 12, each control unit 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110 from the central controller 160 has a modulated wave (target output voltage) expressed by Equation (5). It is output.

  As shown in (12C) of FIG. 12, the modulation wave (target output voltage) shown in the equation (6) is applied to each control unit 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120 from the central controller 160. It is output.

  As shown in (12D) of FIG. 12, the control unit 40 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130 from the central controller 160 has a modulated wave (target output voltage) shown in Expression (7). It is output.

  As shown in (12E) of FIG. 12, the modulation wave (target output voltage) shown in Expression (4) is output from the central controller 160 to the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 140 of the power supply string 140.

  Further, the control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110, the control units 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130, respectively. Corresponding potential level carriers (triangular waves) are output from the central control device 160 to the control units 40 of the control units 40 and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140. A carrier wave may be generated in each control unit 40 based on information from the central controller 160.

  In the power supply string 110, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 compares the modulated wave shown in Expression (5) with the corresponding carrier wave, and generates each of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113. Information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are calculated. Information on the respective switching drive patterns of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, on the basis of the information on the calculated switching drive patterns. That Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the control units 40 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 correspond to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 that constitute the switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, respectively. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are each based on the notch wave that is signal-transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (13B) of FIG. 13, the rectangular wave voltages generated in each of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in Expression (5).

  In the power supply string 120, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 compares the modulated wave shown in Expression (6) with the corresponding carrier wave, and generates each of the power supply units 121, 122, 123. Information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are calculated. Information on each of the switching drive patterns is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the switching drive pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are calculated. That Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 correspond to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of each of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are based on the notch waves that are signal-transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40, respectively. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 121, 122, 123 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (13C) of FIG. 13, the rectangular wave voltages generated in each of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in Equation (6).

  In the power supply string 130, the control unit 40 of each of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 compares the modulated wave shown in Expression (7) with the corresponding carrier wave, and generates each of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133. Information on the rectangular wave-shaped voltage generation pattern is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the voltage generation pattern, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are calculated. Information on the respective switching drive patterns is calculated, and based on the calculated information on the switching drive patterns, the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are calculated. That Generating a notch wave to be input to the gate, and outputs the notches wave to the respective gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37.

  The notch waves output from the respective control units 40 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 are the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133. , The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the respective switching circuits 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are based on notch waves that are signal-transmitted from the corresponding control units 40, respectively. , Switching (on, off). As a result, each switching circuit 30 of the power supply units 131, 132, 133 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern.

  As shown in (13D) of FIG. 13, the rectangular wave voltages generated in each of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 are combined and output as an output voltage corresponding to the modulated wave shown in Expression (7).

  In the power supply string 140, the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 141 compares the modulated wave shown in Expression (5) with the corresponding carrier wave, and calculates information on the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern generated in the power supply unit 141. Based on the information on the calculated voltage generation pattern, information on each switching drive pattern of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 is calculated, and the calculated switching drive is calculated. Based on the information regarding the pattern, a notch wave to be input to each of the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 is generated, and the notch wave is generated by the switching elements 31, 33. 35, 37 And outputs it to the gate.

  When the notch wave output from the control unit 40 of the power supply unit 141 is input to the gates of the switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141, the switching circuit of the power supply unit 141 is used. The switching elements 31, 33, 35, and 37 constituting the circuit 30 are switched (ON / OFF) based on the notch wave transmitted from the corresponding control unit 40. As a result, the switching circuit 30 of the power supply unit 141 generates a rectangular wave voltage corresponding to the rectangular wave voltage generation pattern as shown in (13E) of FIG.

As shown in (13A) of FIG. 13, in the period from time 0 to time T ₃₁ and in the period from time T ₃₃ to time T ₃₄ , the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (7E) of FIG. The output voltage of the string 120 is combined. That is, in the period from time 0 to time T ₃₁ and in the period from time T ₃₃ to time T ₃₄ , the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, and the v-phase output The voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, 123, and 141, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133.

In the period from the time T ₃₁ to the time T ₃₂ and the period from the time T ₃₄ to the time T ₃₅ , the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (13 E) of FIG. 13 is combined with the output voltage of the power supply string 110. That is, in the period from time T ₃₁ to time T ₃₂ and the period from time T ₃₄ to time T ₃₅ , the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, 113, and 141, and v The phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, and 133.

In the period from the time T ₃₂ to the time T ₃₃ and the period from the time T ₃₅ to the next time, the output voltage of the power supply string 140 shown in (13E) of FIG. 13 is combined with the output voltage of the power supply string 130. That is, in the period from the time T ₃₂ to the time T ₃₃ and the period from the time T ₃₅ to the next time, the u-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 111, 112, and 113, and The output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 121, 122, and 123, and the w-phase output voltage is generated by combining the output voltages of the power supply units 131, 132, 133, and 141.

  As described above, when the power supply strings 110, 120, 130, and 140 are operated, the power supply apparatus 100 causes the modulated wave (formula (1)) of (12A) of FIG. 12 as shown in (13A) of FIG. A three-phase AC voltage corresponding to a modulated wave shown in (3) and corresponding to a target three-phase AC voltage indicating a required voltage of the electric power system 200 is generated, and the generated three-phase AC voltage is converted into the three-phase transformer 101. Can be transformed to a high voltage and output to the electric power system 200. Thereby, the power supply apparatus 100 can be linked to the power system 200.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system is insufficient with respect to the load-side required power, power is supplied (discharged) from the power supply device 100 to the power system 200 to generate power. It can make up for the power shortage of the system.

  When a three-phase AC voltage is input from the power system 200, the power supply device 100 controls the control command from the central controller 160 based on the three-phase AC voltage that is input and transformed to a low voltage by the three-phase transformer 101. Are output to the power supply units 111, 112, and 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, and 123 of the power supply string 120, the power supply units 131, 132, and 133 of the power supply string 130, and the power supply unit 141 of the power supply string 140, respectively. These operations are controlled in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. As a result, the electron microscope apparatus 100 converts the transformed three-phase AC voltage into the power supply units 111, 112, 113 of the power supply string 110, the power supply units 121, 122, 123 of the power supply string 120, and the power supply units 131 of the power supply string 130, 132, 133 and each of the power supply units 141 of the power supply string 140 can be rectified and converted into a DC voltage and output to the corresponding power storage unit 10. Each power storage unit 10 can charge the secondary battery 11 with a DC voltage.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, when the power output from the power generation system to the power system is in a surplus state with respect to the required power on the load side, the surplus power of the power generation system is recovered from the power system 200. Can be stored (charged) in the power supply device 100.

  In the present embodiment, the power supply string 140 is a common power supply string for each phase, and a three-phase phase is provided between the neutral point 102 of the three-phase connection 103 and the neutral point of the secondary winding of the transformer 101. Since the rectangular wave voltage for generating the output voltage of each phase is sequentially injected in accordance with the number of power supply units 110, 120, and 130, the number of power supply units is four (12 in total). The number of power supply units can be reduced by 2 (10 in total), and the cost of the power supply device 100 can be reduced by omitting the switching device. .

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the introduction cost of the power supply apparatus 100 can be reduced, and the power supply apparatus 100 can be easily introduced.

  The modulated wave shown in equation (4) is an example. In the present embodiment, the case of changing continuously by synthesizing a sine wave has been described as an example, but a modulated wave that changes discontinuously may be used.

Claims (9)

A first power supply string configured by a power storage unit including a power storage unit having a power storage unit and a power control unit that controls input and output of power to the power storage unit;
A second power supply string configured by the power supply unit,
The first and second power supply strings generate a voltage for generating a multiphase AC voltage having different phases,
The first power supply string is provided corresponding to each of the multiphase AC voltages, and generates a part of the voltage for generating the corresponding AC voltage.
The second power supply string is commonly provided corresponding to the plurality of first power supply strings, and sequentially generates the remaining voltage for generating the multiphase AC voltage according to the phase,
Furthermore, it has a switching circuit for switching electrical connection,
The power control unit includes a power control circuit that controls power, a first connection portion that is an electrical connection portion of the power control circuit with the power storage unit, and an electrical connection with a load side of the power control circuit. A second connecting part that is a part,
Each of the plurality of first power supply strings includes a plurality of the power supply units,
The second connection portions of the plurality of power supply units constituting each of the plurality of first power supply strings are electrically connected in series;
The second power string has at least one power unit.
The second connection portion of at least one power supply unit configuring the second power supply string is configured to be the second connection portion of the plurality of power supply units configuring any one of the plurality of first power supply strings by the switching circuit. Electrically connected in series, electrically connected in series,
The switching circuit determines an electrical connection destination of a second connection portion of at least one power supply unit constituting the second power supply string according to the phase of the multiphase AC voltage, and the plurality of first power supply strings. The second connection of the plurality of power supply units constituting the remaining one of the plurality of first power supply strings from the electrical series connection of the second connection portions of the plurality of power supply units constituting any one of the above Switch to electrical series connection of parts,
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 1 ,
Three first power supply strings are provided corresponding to three-phase AC voltage,
The three first power supply strings have a neutral point by electrically connecting one end portions of the electrical series connection of the second connection portions of the plurality of power supply units constituting each of the first power supply strings. It is electrically connected in a wired manner,
The switching circuit includes a second connection portion of at least one power supply unit constituting the second power supply string, and a second connection portion of a plurality of power supply units constituting any one of the three first power supply strings. Electrically connected in series to the second connection portion of the power supply unit closest to the neutral point of the electrical series connection;
A power supply device characterized by that. A first power supply string configured by a power storage unit including a power storage unit having a power storage unit and a power control unit that controls input and output of power to the power storage unit;
A second power supply string configured by the power supply unit,
The first and second power supply strings generate a voltage for generating a multiphase AC voltage having different phases,
The first power supply string is provided corresponding to each of the multiphase AC voltages, and generates a part of the voltage for generating the corresponding AC voltage.
The second power supply string is commonly provided corresponding to the plurality of first power supply strings, and sequentially generates the remaining voltage for generating the multiphase AC voltage according to the phase,
The power control unit includes a power control circuit that controls power, a first connection portion that is an electrical connection portion of the power control circuit with the power storage unit, and an electrical connection with a load side of the power control circuit. A second connecting part that is a part,
Each of the plurality of first power supply strings has at least one power supply unit,
The second power supply string includes a plurality of the power supply units,
Each of the plurality of power supply units constituting the second power supply string is provided with a switching circuit for switching electrical connection,
Each of the second connection portions of the plurality of power supply units constituting the second power supply string is a second of at least one power supply unit constituting any one of the plurality of first power supply strings by a corresponding switching circuit. Electrically connected in series to the connection,
Each of the plurality of switching circuits has a plurality of electrical connection destinations corresponding to the second connection portions of the plurality of power supply units constituting the second power supply string in accordance with the phase of the multiphase AC voltage. From the second connection part of at least one power supply unit constituting any one of the first power supply strings, the second of at least one power supply unit constituting any other one of the plurality of first power supply strings. Switch to connection,
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 3 ,
Three first power supply strings are provided corresponding to three-phase AC voltage,
The three first power supply strings are electrically connected in a star connection shape having a neutral point by electrically connecting second connection portions of at least one power supply unit constituting each of the first power supply strings. ,
Each of the plurality of switching circuits has at least one corresponding second connecting portion of the plurality of power supply units constituting the second power supply string constituting at least one of the three first power supply strings. Electrically connected in series to the second connection of the power supply unit,
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 4 ,
The number of electrical connections of the power supply units of the second power supply string to at least one power supply unit constituting each of the three first power supply strings changes according to the phase of the corresponding AC voltage.
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 5 ,
The number of electrical connections of the power supply units of the second power supply string to at least one power supply unit constituting any one of the three first power supply strings is the three phases in the same phase of the three-phase AC voltage. Differing with respect to the number of electrical connections of the power supply units of the second power supply string to at least one power supply unit constituting each of the remaining first power supply strings;
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 6 ,
The number of electrical connections of the power supply units of the second power supply string to at least one power supply unit constituting the remaining one of the three first power supply strings is the same as that of the three-phase AC voltage. The number of electrical connections of the power supply units of the second power supply string to at least one power supply unit constituting the remaining other of the one power supply string is different.
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
The battery is a secondary battery or a capacitor,
The power storage unit is configured by one secondary battery or capacitor, or a secondary battery group or capacitor group in which a plurality of the secondary batteries or capacitors are electrically connected.
A power supply device characterized by that. The power supply device according to claim 8 , wherein
A primary battery is used instead of the battery,
Instead of the power storage unit, using one primary battery, or a primary battery unit constituted by a primary battery group electrically connected to a plurality of the primary batteries,
The primary battery is a fuel cell or a solar cell.
A power supply device characterized by that.

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