JP5852895B2 - Braking device and opening / closing body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a braking device and an opening / closing body for braking a moving body such as a sliding door.

As this type of braking device, there is a configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 under the name of “speed control device”.
The speed control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes an output shaft that is connected to a wheel and rotates together with the wheel, and controls the moving speed of a moving body that moves by rolling the wheel. When the moving body moves, there is provided braking means for applying a braking force to the output shaft when the moving speed becomes equal to or higher than the threshold moving speed.

  The braking means has a cylindrical space inside, a casing that holds one end portion of the output shaft coaxially and rotatably with the central axis of the cylindrical space, an inner surface of the casing, and one end portion of the output shaft And a braking portion that applies a braking force to the output shaft when the moving speed of the object to be braked exceeds a threshold moving speed.

  The braking portion rotates between the inner surface of the casing and one end portion of the output shaft together with the output shaft, and the movable member moves so as to be movable in the radial direction of the output shaft. When the moving speed of the moving body becomes equal to or higher than the threshold moving speed, the pressing mechanism is configured to bring the braking member into contact with the inner surface of the casing.

In the above configuration, when the moving speed of the moving body exceeds the threshold moving speed, the pressing mechanism brings the braking member into contact with the inner surface of the casing and generates a frictional force between the inner surface of the casing and the braking member. Let
Then, the frictional force becomes a braking force against the output shaft, and the rotation speed of the output shaft can be slowed down. Therefore, the wheel can be rotated, and the moving speed of the moving body is made slower than the threshold moving speed. I can do it.

JP-A-2005-299120

However, in the speed control device described in Patent Document 1, when the moving speed of the moving body exceeds a threshold value, the pressing mechanism brings the braking member into contact with the inner surface of the casing and causes friction between the inner surface of the casing and the braking member. Since the force is generated, the structure becomes complicated and the cost is increased.
Furthermore, since the frictional force is used as described above, there is an unsolved problem that the braking force is unstable in a low rotational speed range.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a braking device and an opening / closing body that can reliably perform a braking operation at a lower speed and that have a simple structure and are inexpensive.

The braking device of the present invention for solving the above-described problem brakes a moving body, and includes a brake element holding body and a braking frame, and the brake element holding body rotates as the moving body moves. In addition, a holding groove that holds the brake element and opens to the outer peripheral side is formed, and the brake frame accommodates the brake element holding body with a gap portion therebetween, and includes a locking portion that locks the brake element. The gap portion is provided from a position lower than a position where the holding groove of the brake element holder is horizontal to a higher position, and the locking portion is provided at an upper end portion of the gap portion. The child can project into and out of the holding groove from the holding groove according to the movement of the moving body, and is locked when the moving body moves faster than the desired speed and the brake element is in the protruding state without returning to the holding groove from the gap. It is characterized by locking to the part.

According to this configuration, when the moving body moves faster than an arbitrary speed and the brake element is in a protruding state without returning to the holding groove from the gap portion, the brake member is locked to the locking portion. Thereby, a mobile body can be braked.
In the opening / closing body for solving the above-mentioned problem, the moving body is a sliding door, and the above braking device is applied to the door wheel.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to perform braking operation at a lower speed, it is possible to provide an inexpensive braking device and opening / closing body with a simple structure.

It is a front view of the sliding door gate which concerns on an example which employ | adopted the braking device which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is an expansion perspective view of the door pulley to which the braking device same as the above is applied. It is a front view which shows the structure of a braking device same as the above. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a brake frame and a brake element when the opening / closing speed of a door main body is lower than fixed speed, (B) is when the opening / closing speed of a door main body is lower than fixed speed. FIG. 4C is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the braking frame and the brake element, and FIG. 8C is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the braking frame and the brake element when the opening / closing speed of the door body is higher than a certain speed. It is a front view which shows the structure of the braking device which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a sliding door according to an example in which the braking device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is employed, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a door wheel to which the braking device is applied. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the structure of the braking device.

  The sliding door A according to an example of the moving body is configured such that the door body 20 to which the braking device B1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to the door body 10 and the door wheels 30 and 30 having a known configuration are arranged at a predetermined interval. Arranged.

  The door main body 10 has a vertically long outer frame member 15 in which the upper and lower horizontal frame members 13 and 14 are connected between the upper and lower ends of the outer vertical frame members 11 and 12, and the upper and lower horizontal frame members 13 and 14 described above. Inner vertical frame members 16 and 17 are connected to each other and arranged at a required interval.

The door pulley 20 is configured to have the fixture 31, the wheel 32, and the braking device B1 shown in FIG. 2 fixed to the lower surface 14a of the lower horizontal frame member 14 described above.
The fixing tool 31 is a U-shape in a downward view in a side view in which fixing plate portions 31b and 31c are suspended from the front and rear edges of the mounting plate portion 31a in a plan view square shape for fixing to the lower surface 14a of the lower horizontal frame member 14 described above. belongs to.
A shaft hole (not shown) for supporting the axle 33 is formed in the fixed plate portions 31b and 31c at positions facing each other.

The braking device B1 is disposed between the wheel 32 and the fixed plate portion 31b, and includes a braking element holding body 40, a braking frame 50, and a braking element 60, as shown in FIG.
The brake element holder 40 rotates with the movement of the sliding door A and has a holding groove 41 that holds the brake element 60 and opens to the outer peripheral side.
Specifically, it is formed in a disc shape centered on the axle 33 and having a required thickness, and is fixed to the axle 33 so as to rotate integrally with the wheel 32.

The holding groove 41 holds the brake 60 so that it can protrude and retract in the gap β according to the movement of the sliding door A.
In the present embodiment, the brake element 60 is held in the outer peripheral edge portion of the brake element holder 40 as described above so as to be able to appear and retract as the brake element holder 40 rotates. Is formed.
In the present embodiment, the four holding grooves 41 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees with the axis O of the axle 33 as the center.

  The holding groove 41 shown in the present embodiment coincides with the diameter line passing through the axis O described above, and the braking force 60 is not locked with the locking position (A) by the centrifugal force acting on the braking force 60. It is slidably held between the positions (A).

The locking position (A) is a position where the brake element 60 comes into contact with and locks the following locking part 51 and stops the brake element holding body 40. In other words, the locking position (A) is a position where the brake element 60 moved to this position is sandwiched between the locking portion 51 and the opening of the holding groove 41.
The non-locking position (A) is a position of the brake element 60 other than the locking position (A) in the holding groove 41.

  The brake element 60 shown in the present embodiment is a metal sphere, but may be a cylinder or a polyhedron. That is, what is necessary is just to be able to brake the brake element holder 40 described above.

The braking frame 50 accommodates the braking element holding body 40 with a gap portion β therebetween and includes locking portions 51 and 51 that are locked to the braking element 60.
In the present embodiment, the mounting plate portion 31b has a circular frame shape as viewed from the front and disposed coaxially with the axis O on the back surface of the mounting plate portion 31b.
The gap portion β is formed with an interval t narrower than the diameter of the brake piece 60.

The locking portions 51 and 51 are for locking and locking to the brake element 60, and are arranged on the inner peripheral wall surface of the brake frame 50 and at positions above the horizontal diameter line D 1 passing through the axis O. It is installed.
In this embodiment, it protrudes in the inner peripheral direction at both ends of a thick wall portion having an inner diameter that leaves a gap smaller than the diameter of the braker 60 between the outer periphery 40a of the braker holder 40 described above. Is formed.

  The door wheel 30 having a known structure is a structure in which the braking device B <b> 1 is omitted from the door wheel 20 described above, and components equivalent to those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The explanation is omitted.

  The operation of the sliding door A employing the braking device B1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the brake frame and the brake element when the door body is moving, and FIG. 4B is a brake frame when the opening / closing speed of the door body is lower than a certain speed. (C) is explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a braking frame and a braking element when the opening-and-closing speed of a door main body is higher than a fixed speed.

  When the door body 10 is moved in the opening direction α1 or the closing direction α2 shown in FIG. 1 at a low speed equal to or lower than a predetermined speed, the wheel 32 of the door wheel 20 is also rotated according to the movement, and centrifugal force and gravity are applied to the brake 60 Works.

By the rotation of the wheels 32 of the door roller 20, located below the horizontal diameter line D1 passing through the axis O, brake shoe 60 of the retaining groove 41 in the position indicated by P1, P2 in FIG. 4 (A) Protrudes from the opening of the holding groove 41 and slides or rolls in a state of sliding contact or contact with the inner peripheral wall surface 50a. That is, it slides or rolls while being in the locking position (a).

On the other hand, when the holding groove 41 located at P1 moves to the upper side of the diameter line D1 passing through the axis O , as shown in FIG. It moves to the above-described non-locking position (A) in the holding groove 41 against the force.
That is, when the brake element 60 moves to a position above the diameter line D1, the gravity is superior to the centrifugal force acting on the brake element 60, and the brake element 60 is not locked in the holding groove 41. Move to (b).
Accordingly, the brake element 60 is not locked to the locking portion 51, and therefore the door body 10 is allowed to move in the opening direction α1 or the closing direction α2 without being braked.

On the other hand, when the door body 10 is moved at a high speed exceeding a certain speed, a centrifugal force corresponding to this is applied to the brake element 60.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), the brake element 60 in the holding groove 41 moved to the upper position P3 from the horizontal diameter line D1 passing through the axis O by the rotation of the wheel 32 of the door wheel 20 is It slides or rolls in a state protruding from the opening of the holding groove 41 and slidingly contacting or abutting against the inner peripheral wall surface 50a. That is, it slides or rolls while being in the locking position (a).

That is, the brake element 60 that slides or rolls on the inner peripheral wall surface 50a of the brake frame 50 in a state of protruding from the opening of the holding groove 41 below the diameter line D1 is above the diameter line D1. When moved to the position, the centrifugal force is superior to the gravity acting on the brake element 60, and the brake element 60 slides or rolls while remaining in the locking position (a).
Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, when rotated by a predetermined angle, the brake 60 abuts on the locking portion 51 and the opening of the holding groove 41 at the position indicated by P3. The brake element holder 40 is restrained by being held between the door body 10 and the door body 10 is restrained again.

By the way, the angle of the locking portion 51 for starting braking by the braking device B1 was calculated.
When the door body 10 is opened and closed at 0.5 m / s or more, the braking angle θ is obtained by the following formula.
Centrifugal force F = m (v ² / r)
Gravity F = mg
Brake mass: m
Brake speed: v
Brake turning radius: r
Calculation conditions: When the diameter of the door wheel (wheel) is φ100 and the turning radius of the brake 60 is 32 mm,
・ The circumference is 2πr = 2 × 0.314 × 5 cm = 31.4 cm
It becomes.
・ The rotation speed of the door wheel (wheel) per second at 0.5 m / s is
0.5 m ÷ 0.314 = 1.582 r / s
The circumference of the trajectory of the brake 60 along the inner peripheral wall surface 50a of the brake frame 50 is 2πr,
2 × π × 0.032 = 0.201m
Therefore, the speed of the brake 60 that slides or rolls on the inner peripheral wall surface 50a of the brake frame 50 is:
0.201 m × 1.592 r / s = 0.32 m / s
It becomes.

A braking element in which centrifugal force acting on the braking element 60 sliding or rolling on the inner peripheral wall surface 50a of the braking frame 50 and gravity are balanced when the door body 10 is opened and closed at 0.5 m / s. The angle θ at position 60 is
mg = m (v ² / r) × (1 / cos θ)
cos θ = v ² / rg
Here, when r = 0.032 m, g = 9.8, and v = 0.32 m / s,
cos θ = 0.322 / 0.32 × 9.8 = 0.3265
As a result, the angle θ is 70.94 °.
Therefore, the angle from the diameter line D1 passing through the axis O of the holding groove 41 of the brake element holder 40 when braking at an opening / closing speed of 0.5 m / s or more is 19 °.

As described above, the speed at which braking is started can be changed by changing the rotation radius of the brake element 60 and the position of the holding groove 41 of the brake element holder 40.
Specifically, it is possible to start braking at a high speed by reducing the rotation radius of the brake element 60, and to start braking at a low speed by increasing the rotation radius of the brake element 60.

  By reducing the angle from the diameter line D1 passing through the axis O of the holding groove 41, braking is started at a low speed, while the angle from the diameter line D1 passing through the axis O of the holding groove 41 is increased. Thus, braking can be started at a high speed.

  That is, it is possible to arbitrarily set the speed at which braking is started by singly or appropriately combining the rotation radius of the brake element 60 and the angle from the diameter line D1 passing through the axis O of the holding groove 41. it can.

  Next, a braking device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view showing the structure of the braking device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the thing equivalent to what was demonstrated in embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol same as them is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

The braking device B2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is provided with two holding grooves 41, 41 in a direction inclined from the diameter line D1 of the brake element holding body 40.
In the present embodiment, the locking portion 51 'on the right side of the brake frame 50 in the drawing is at a position below the axle 33 of the brake element holder 40, but when the brake element holder 40 rotates counterclockwise, Since the brake element 60 is above the horizontal position of the holding groove 41, if the rotation speed is constant, the brake element 60 protrudes from the holding groove 41 and engages with the engaging portion, and the rotation speed is less than constant. In this case, since the brake element 60 is immersed in the groove without being locked to the locking portion 51 ′, the same operation and effect as the braking device B1 according to the first embodiment described above can be achieved.

According to the braking device which concerns on each embodiment mentioned above, while being able to perform braking operation | movement at a lower speed, it can provide an inexpensive thing, reducing a number of parts and making it a simple structure.
Furthermore, since sliding resistance is not used as in the prior art, reliable braking can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the following modifications can be made.
In the above-described embodiment, in addition to the sliding door, it can also be applied to a flip-up gate, a shutter, a baby carriage, and a wheelchair. The body is provided to rotate with the rotation shaft of the door (moving body) and the winding shaft of the shutter panel (moving body), and the braking frame is housed in the brake holder holding body and fixed so that the column and the housing cannot rotate. Is done.
In addition, when applied to a vehicle (moving body) such as a baby carriage or a wheelchair, the brake holder holding body is provided so as to rotate together with the wheels, and the brake frame accommodates the brake holder holding body and is fixed to the vehicle body so as not to rotate. Is done.

-In embodiment mentioned above, although the thing which arrange | positioned the holding groove on the diameter line was illustrated, it does not restrict to this.
-In embodiment mentioned above, although the example which formed four holding grooves was demonstrated, it is sufficient if there is one holding groove and you may form five or more holding grooves. In this case, it is possible to brake quickly in response to the speed change.

40 Braking element holder 41 Holding groove 50 Brake frame 51 Locking part 60 Brake element (sphere)
A moving body (sliding door gate)
B Brake device (A) Locking position (A) Non-locking position β Clearance

Claims (2)

Braking a moving object,
A brake element holding body and a brake frame are provided, and the brake element holding body rotates with the movement of the moving body and has a holding groove that holds the brake element and opens to the outer peripheral side. Is for holding the brake element holding body with a gap therebetween and having a locking part for locking to the brake element,
The gap portion is provided from a position lower than the position where the holding groove of the brake element holder is horizontal to a higher position, and the locking portion is provided at the upper end of the gap portion,
The brake element can be protruded and retracted from the holding groove into the gap portion according to the movement of the moving body, and the movable body is moved at a speed higher than an arbitrary speed and the brake element is in the protruding state without returning to the holding groove from the gap portion. A braking device, wherein the braking device is locked to a stop portion.   An opening / closing body, wherein the moving body is a sliding door, and the braking device according to claim 1 is applied to the door wheel.

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