JP5836099B2 - Tap processing apparatus and processing abnormality determination method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tap machining apparatus and a machining abnormality determination method, and more particularly to a technique suitable for determining a machining abnormality caused by a lack of a pilot hole or a small diameter in tapping.

  Conventionally, various techniques for determining a processing abnormality in tapping have been proposed. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, attention is paid to continuity between a tap and a workpiece, and it is detected that there is no continuity between the two. And there is something that judges tap breakage.

JP-A-9-29357

In recent years, processing devices have become more complex, and tap processing devices are incorporated into one processing device together with other cutting processing devices, press processing devices, etc., and there is a combined processing device that can automatically perform each processing continuously. It has become widespread.
When automatic operation is performed in a tap processing device or a complex processing device that operates independently, the pilot hole that forms the tap is not formed for an unexpected reason or is formed with a small diameter in the process before the tap processing. When a problem such as that occurs, it is necessary to detect the problem, determine an error, and stop the apparatus.
However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, for example, even when there is no pilot hole, conduction is obtained between the tap and the workpiece if the tap is not broken, so that it is not determined as abnormal. For this reason, the machining program proceeds in a state where there is no prepared hole, which may cause problems such as tapping, deformation of the workpiece, or damage to the machining apparatus.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tapping apparatus and a tapping anomaly that can satisfactorily determine a machining abnormality caused by a pilot hole not being formed or having a small diameter that is inappropriate. It is to provide a determination method.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration and procedure.
1) A tapping device for tapping a workpiece,
A tapping rod to which the tap is detachably attached;
A cylinder device having a piston rod and a cylinder connected to the tapping rod;
A flow switch for detecting an air flow according to the cylinder device and outputting a detection signal corresponding to the detected air flow;
A drive unit for rotationally driving the tapping rod;
While controlling the operation of the drive unit, the detection signal obtained when the tap penetrates the workpiece by rotation and forming a screw, and the tap obtained when the tap is idled without penetrating the workpiece. A control unit for determining a machining abnormality based on a difference between the detection signal and the detection signal;
Equipped with a,
The tapping rod is connected to the piston rod by screwing,
When the tap penetrates the workpiece to form a screw, the piston rod does not move up and down, and only the tapping rod rotates and descends according to the screwing,
When the tap is idled without penetrating the work, the difference is caused by the piston rod ascending according to the screwing with the rotation of the tapping rod. Device.
2 ) In the case where the processing abnormality is determined, the control unit outputs an error signal and stops the tap processing device from performing the next processing operation until an instruction is input from the outside. It is a tap processing apparatus as described in 1) .
3 ) A machining abnormality determination method for determining a machining abnormality caused by a pilot hole not being formed or a pilot hole being unsuitable due to a small diameter in tap machining on a workpiece by a tap machining apparatus,
The tapping device is
A cylinder device having a piston rod connected by screwing with a tapping rod to which a tap is attached;
A flow switch for detecting an air flow with respect to the cylinder device caused by the vertical movement of the tapping rod;
A drive unit for rotationally driving the tapping rod;
With
A positive rotation step in which the drive unit rotates the tapping rod in a positive direction in which the tap forms a screw on the workpiece;
After the forward rotation step, the drive unit rotates the tapping rod in the reverse direction, and a reverse rotation step.
A detection step of determining whether or not the flow of air is detected by the flow switch while the tapping rod is rotating in the forward direction or the reverse direction;
When the air flow is detected at a predetermined amount or more in the detection step, a processing abnormality determination step that determines a processing abnormality and outputs an error signal;
It is a processing abnormality determination method characterized by including.

  According to the present invention, in tapping, an effect is obtained that it is possible to satisfactorily determine a processing abnormality caused by a pilot hole not being formed or having a small diameter.

It is an operation | movement figure of the main-body part in the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention. It is a pneumatic circuit figure in the example of the tap processing device of the present invention. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention. It is an operation | movement timing chart in the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention. It is an operation | movement figure explaining from the start of the operation | movement at the time of the process abnormality in the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention to the middle. FIG. 6 is an operation diagram for explaining from the middle to the end of the operation in FIG. 5. It is an operation | movement timing chart at the time of the process abnormality in the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention. It is an operation | movement timing chart at the time of the process abnormality in the modification in the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the compound processing apparatus to which the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention is applied. It is a figure for demonstrating the principal part of the compound processing apparatus to which the Example of the tap processing apparatus of this invention is applied. It is a pneumatic circuit diagram in the combined machining apparatus to which the embodiment of the tap machining apparatus of the present invention is applied.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
<Example>
With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the structure of the tap processing apparatus 51 of an Example and the operation | movement at the time of normal processing are demonstrated.
FIG. 1A shows an operation standby state in the main body HT of the tapping device 51, and FIGS. 1B and 1C show an intermediate process of the operation of the main body HT. FIG. 2 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing the main body part HT and the air control part AS which is the operation source thereof. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the tap processing device 51.

  The tap processing device 51 includes a main body portion HT and an air control unit AS. First, the main body portion HT will be described.

<Tapping machine 51>
<Main body HT>
The main body HT includes a base B, a motor M attached to the base B, a shaft Ma extending from the motor M and rotating forward and reverse, a main gear 1 provided on the tip side of the shaft Ma, and a shaft in the base B. A cylinder 2 arranged side by side with Ma, a piston 3 that moves up and down in the cylinder 2, a piston rod 4 having one end connected to the piston 3 and having a male threaded portion 4a on the tip side, and a screw threaded on the male threaded portion 4a on the upper side. A tapping rod 5 having a mating female screw portion 5a and a gear 5b meshable with the main gear 1. A cylinder device SD is configured including the cylinder 2, the piston 3, and the piston rod 4.
A tap 6 is detachably attached to a lower end portion of the tapping rod 5 by a chuck (not shown).
On the lower side of the tapping rod 5, there is provided a work presser 10 having an opening 10 a through which the tap 6 can pass and connected to the rod 21 a of the cylinder 21 and moving up and down with a predetermined stroke by the operation of the cylinder 21. . Further, a tap position detection sensor 11 that determines that a preset position has been reached when the tap 6 is tapped and protrudes downward through the workpiece W may be provided.
A coil spring 7 is interposed in the lower cylinder chamber Vb of the cylinder 2. The coil spring 7 always urges the piston 3 upward.
The upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2 is connected to the speed control valve A4 of the air control unit AS via the coupler 8. The lower cylinder chamber Vb of the piston 3 communicates with the external space via the silencer 9.

When the main body HT is in a standby state, the motor M is stopped and the upper cylinder chamber Vt is opened, whereby the piston 3 is positioned above the cylinder 2 by the biasing force of the coil spring 7, and the gear 5b is the main gear. 1 is located above 1 and is not screwed.
The work retainer 10 is at the upper end of a predetermined stroke St when air is supplied to the lower cylinder chamber Vb <b> 2 of the cylinder 21. This position is a standby position sufficiently away from the pass line PL.

<Air control device AS>
Next, the air control device AS will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is an operation timing chart of the air control device AS in a normal tapping operation.
The air control device AS includes a plurality of solenoid valves, and air corresponding to the operation of the solenoid valves is supplied to operate the cylinder 2 and the cylinder 21. The operation of this electromagnetic valve is controlled by the control unit SG.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the air control device AS, the air supplied from the air supply source A1 has a solenoid valve A3 and a speed control valve A4 in the middle through the flow switch A2 to operate the main body HT. A piping path A5a connected to the upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2 to be operated, and a piping path connected to the upper cylinder chamber Vt2 of the cylinder 21 having the solenoid valve A6 and the speed control valve A7 in the middle to operate the work retainer 10 Branch to A5b.
The air passing through the piping path A5a passes through the check valve A4a of the speed control valve A4 and is supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt in the cylinder 2 only when the electromagnetic valve A3 is switched to the position A3B.
The air passing through the piping path A5b is supplied to the lower cylinder chamber Vb2 of the cylinder 21 at the position of the solenoid valve A6 at the position A6A, passes through the air control valve A7b of the speed control valve A7 at the position of the position A6B. It is supplied to the cylinder chamber Vt2.
The flow switch A2 detects a flow rate in one direction of the air flow. In this example, the flow switch A2 detects the amount of air flowing from the air supply source A1 toward the electromagnetic valves A3 and A6.

<Tapping operation (normal)>
In this configuration, the tap machining operation is executed as follows. This operation will be described along the following steps [1] to [4] with reference to FIGS.
The description with <> in the sentence corresponds to the time in FIG. FIG. 4A shows a signal SN1 that is an ON / OFF signal of the machining mode, FIG. 4B shows the presence / absence and direction of rotation of the motor M, and FIG. The flow rate of air toward the solenoid valves A3 and A6 by the flow switch A2 is shown. FIG. 4D shows a detection signal output from the flow switch A2 as ON when the detected flow rate exceeds a predetermined threshold value. SN2 is shown.
In the following description, the rotation direction is defined as a normal rotation in which the tap 6 can move forward and perform tap processing, and a reverse direction in which the tap 6 moves backward.

[1] Transition process to processing mode <t1 to t3>
FIG. 1A shows the standby state of the main body HT. From this standby state, the workpiece W in which the pilot hole Ws is formed is set at a predetermined position on the pass line so that the pilot hole Ws is directly below the tap 6, and the signal SN1 for shifting to the machining mode from the outside is <t1>. If it comes to (it will be in an ON state), the control part SG will move each member at high speed from the stand-by position to the position just before a tap process start [refer FIG.1 (b)]. This movement is also referred to as a quick approach operation.
Specifically, the control unit SG operates the electromagnetic valve A3 to shift to the position A3B. At the same time, the solenoid valve A6 is operated to shift to the position A6B.
By the transition of the electromagnetic valve A3 to the position A3B, as shown in FIG. 1B, air is supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2, and the piston 3 and the piston rod 4 are lowered. Here, since the piston rod 4 and the tapping rod 5 are screw-fitted, the tapping rod 5 descends together with the tap 6 as the piston rod 4 descends. By this lowering, the gear 5 b of the tapping rod 5 is engaged with the main gear 1.
On the other hand, air is supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt2 of the cylinder 21 by the transition of the electromagnetic valve A6 to the position A6B, the rod 21a is lowered, and the work presser 10 moves to the lower end position of the stroke St. In this position, the work presser 10 presses the work W from above to stabilize it.
The flow of air supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2 and the upper cylinder chamber Vt2 of the cylinder 21 is shown in <t1 to t2> of FIG.

[2] Tap forward rotation process <t3 to t4>
Next, the control unit SG rotates the motor M in the forward direction <t3 to t4>. This forward rotation is indicated by a solid arrow DR1 in FIG. The rotational driving force is transmitted to the gear 5 b meshed with the main gear 1. Since the male threaded portion 5a is screwed into the male threaded portion 4a of the piston rod 4, the tapping rod 5 moves downward while rotating (solid arrow DR2). In the movement accompanying this forward rotation, the tap 6 moves forward with respect to the pilot hole Ws and performs tapping.

[3] Tap reverse rotation process <t4 to t5>
In the storage unit MR shown in FIG. 3, the pitch of the tap 6 and the number of rotations of the motor M corresponding to the number of forward rotations of the tap 6 necessary for forming the tap are set in advance. Tap rotation number information is stored in advance.
The control unit SG compares the number of rotations of the motor M obtained from the output of an encoder (not shown) provided in the motor M with the number of rotations of the motor M set in advance and stored in the storage unit MR. When the number of forward rotations of the motor M obtained from the output exceeds the preset number of rotations, the rotation of the motor M is switched from normal to reverse [dashed arrow DR3 in FIG. 1 (c)] <t4 to t5. >.
Further, when the tap position detection sensor 11 is provided, when the tip of the tap 6 penetrates the workpiece W and reaches a predetermined position (for example, 5 mm below the pass line PL), the tap position detection sensor 11 that detects the tap position detection sensor 11 The position detection signal is turned on. Based on ON of the position detection signal, the control unit SG changes the rotation of the motor M from normal to reverse.
By this reverse rotation, the tap 6 moves upward (retracts) in accordance with the female screw formed and screwed into the pilot hole Ws (broken arrow DR4), and returns to the state of FIG.
From the normal rotation process to the reverse rotation process, the control unit SG manages the timing for reversing the rotation direction of the motor M even with the time from the start of the normal rotation of the motor M.

[4] Return from machining mode process (transition to standby state) <t5 to t6 and later>
The control unit SG stops the reverse rotation of the motor M, and then moves the electromagnetic valve A3 to position A3A and moves the electromagnetic valve A6 to position A6A.
By moving the electromagnetic valve A3 to the position A3A, the upper cylinder chamber Vt communicates with the outside through the silencer 9a, and the piston 3 moves upward by the repulsive force of the coil spring 7. As a result, the piston rod 4 moves upward together with the tapping rod 5 screwed into the male screw portion 4a.
On the other hand, air is supplied to the lower cylinder chamber Vb2 of the cylinder 21 by the transition of the electromagnetic valve A6 to the position A6A. Therefore, the rod 21a rises and the work presser 10 moves to the upper end position of the stroke St.

  Through the operations shown in the steps [1] to [4], the main body HT again shifts to the standby state shown in FIG. After the transition to the standby state, the signal SN1 is reset <t6>, and the machining mode ends.

<Tapping operation (when abnormal)>
Next, with reference mainly to FIGS. 5 to 7, the operation of the tap processing device 51 in the case where the pilot hole Ws is not formed in the workpiece W, along the following steps [1f] to [4f]. Detailed description. This operation proceeds in the order of FIG. 5 (a) → FIG. 5 (b) → FIG. 5 (c) → FIG. 6 (a) → FIG. 6 (b). By this operation, the tap processing device 51 can detect a processing abnormality that occurs when the pilot hole is not formed or when the pilot hole is formed but the diameter is small and is not suitable as the tap pilot hole.
The description with <> in the sentence corresponds to the time in FIG. FIG. 7A shows a signal SN1 that is an ON / OFF signal of the machining mode, FIG. 7B shows the presence / absence and direction of rotation of the motor M, and FIG. The flow rate of air from the air supply source A1 to the solenoid valves A3 and A6 by the flow switch A2 is shown. FIG. 7D shows that the flow switch A2 is turned ON when the detected flow rate exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The output detection signal SN2 is shown.

[1f] Transition process to processing mode <t1 to t3>
FIG. 5A shows a standby state of the main body HT. This standby state is the same as the standby state shown in FIG. From this standby state, when the workpiece Wf is set at a predetermined position on the pass line PL and the signal SN1 for shifting to the machining mode from the outside enters <t1> (becomes ON state), the control unit SG The member is moved at high speed from the standby position to a position immediately before the start of tapping [see FIG. 5 (b)].
Here, the workpiece Wf is a defective product in which a pilot hole is not formed. Even in the case of this defective product, the operation at <t1 to t3> is the same as that in the normal case described above.
That is, the control unit SG operates the electromagnetic valve A3 to shift to the position A3B. At the same time, the solenoid valve A6 is operated to shift to the position A6B.
By moving the electromagnetic valve A3 to the position A3B, air is supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2 as shown in FIG. 5B, and the piston 3 and the piston rod 4 are lowered. Here, since the piston rod 4 and the tapping rod 5 are screw-fitted, the tapping rod 5 descends together with the tap 6 as the piston rod 4 descends. By this lowering, the gear 5 b of the tapping rod 5 is engaged with the main gear 1.
On the other hand, air is supplied to the upper cylinder chamber Vt2 of the cylinder 21 by the transition of the electromagnetic valve A6 to the position A6B, the rod 21a is lowered, and the work presser 10 moves to the lower end position of the stroke St. In this position, the work presser 10 presses the work Wf from above to stabilize it.
The supply of air to the upper cylinder chamber Vt of the cylinder 2 and the upper cylinder chamber Vt2 of the cylinder 21 is shown by <t1 to t2> in FIG.

[2f] Tap forward rotation process <t3 to t4>
As in the case of normal tapping, the control unit SG rotates the motor M in the forward direction <t3 to t4>. This forward rotation is indicated by a solid arrow DR5 in FIG. This rotational driving force is transmitted to the gear 5 b meshed with the main gear 1.
Here, since the prepared hole is not formed in the workpiece Wf, the tap 6 and the tapping rod 5 cannot move downward, and rotate at the position where the tip of the tap 6 contacts the workpiece Wf (idle). To do. Then, by this rotation, the piston rod 4 screwed to the tapping rod 5 moves upward according to the screwing.
When this moving distance is Δh, the piston 3 causes the volume of air corresponding to the distance Δh to flow out from the upper cylinder chamber Vt as the piston rod 4 moves upward by the distance Δh. This flow passes through the flow switch A2, but is not detected by the flow switch A2 because the flow is opposite to the detection direction.

[3f] Tap reverse rotation process <t4 to t6>
As in the case of normal tapping, the control unit SG performs the number of rotations of the motor M obtained from the output of the encoder provided in the motor M, and the number of rotations of the motor M set in advance and stored in the storage unit MR. If the number of forward rotations of the motor M obtained from the output of the encoder exceeds a preset number of rotations, the rotation of the motor M is changed from normal to reverse. Further, the tap position detection sensor 11 is provided. In this case, if the workpiece Wf does not have a pilot hole, the tap 6 does not reach a predetermined position where the tip of the tap 6 is the reverse rotation timing of the motor M, so the position detection signal from the tap position detection sensor 11 does not turn ON. .
Therefore, when the position detection signal does not come in, the control unit SG does not wait for the arrival of the position detection signal. Change the direction of rotation from reverse to reverse.
When the motor M is reversed, the tapping rod 5 moves in the direction (upward) to come out of the tap hole with rotation if the tap is originally formed. However, since the tap hole is not formed here, the tap is formed. 6 simply idles while remaining in contact with the surface of the workpiece Wf and does not move upward. Then, instead, the piston rod 4 is lowered according to screwing with the tapping rod 5, and the air Q is drawn into the upper cylinder chamber Vt along with this lowering (see FIG. 6A).
Since the amount of the air Q that is drawn in is detected by the flow switch A2 from the flow direction, it is reflected in <t4 to t5> in FIG.
Since the amount of air Q to be drawn can be predicted from various conditions such as the number of reverse rotations of the motor M, a threshold is set so that the flow of the air Q can be detected while eliminating noise in the detection of the flow switch A2. .

  FIG. 7D shows a detection signal SN2 output from the flow switch A2 when the detected flow rate exceeds the threshold value. That is, the ON state P1 corresponding to the transition to the machining mode at t1 to t2 and the ON state P2 corresponding to the amount of air Q drawn in at t4 to t5 are reflected in the detection signal SN2. That is, a detection signal different from the case where the regular tap is formed is obtained due to the presence of the ON state P2.

In the tap processing of the tap processing device 51, the control unit SG determines whether or not the detection signal SN2 is in the ON state within the time t3 to t6 in FIG. 7 (t3 to t5 in FIG. 4) in which the motor M is driven. Is monitoring.
In the monitoring of the ON state, the control unit SG may determine that the occurrence has occurred when the ON state continues for a predetermined time or more in addition to the above threshold value in order to eliminate noise. An example of the duration in that case is 200 ms, for example.

In this way, the control unit SG detects the ON state of the detection signal SN2 within the drive time of the motor M for the workpiece Wf, determines that the tap is not lowered to a predetermined position based on the detection result, An error signal is sent to the output unit DP, and error information is output from the output unit DP to the outside.
The output unit DP is a speaker device that generates sound as error information, a light emitting device that generates light as error information, an image display device that displays error information on a screen, and the like, and is provided in the tap processing device 51 or It is provided outside.

[4f] Return from machining mode process (transition to standby state) <t6 to t7 and later>
The control unit SG stops the reverse rotation of the motor M, and then moves the electromagnetic valve A3 to position A3A and moves the electromagnetic valve A6 to position A6A.
The upper cylinder chamber Vt communicates with the outside through the silencer 9a due to the transition of the solenoid valve A3 to the position A3A, so that the piston 3 moves upward by the repulsive force of the coil spring 7. The piston rod 4 moves upward together with the tapping rod 5 screwed into the male screw portion 4a.
On the other hand, air is supplied to the lower cylinder chamber Vb2 of the cylinder 21 by the transition of the electromagnetic valve A6 to the position A6A. Therefore, the rod 21a moves up and moves the work retainer 10 to the upper end position of the stroke St.

Through the operations shown in the steps [1f] to [4f], the main body HT again shifts to the standby state shown in FIG. After the transition to the standby state, the signal SN1 is reset, and <t7> in FIG. 7 ends the processing mode.
Furthermore, the control unit SG determines the machining abnormality in the [3f] step, and after the transition to the standby state, until a restart instruction is input from the outside (such as an operator or another device), The operation of the tapping device 51 is stopped.

As described above, the tap processing device 51 detects a processing abnormality caused by a defective workpiece Wf in which a pilot hole is not formed or a pilot hole that is not suitable for tap formation is formed. In addition to outputting error information, the apparatus is restrained so that the next machining operation is not performed until a restart instruction is issued.
Therefore, in automatic operation, abnormal operation resulting from the formation or inappropriateness of the prepared hole is detected to determine a machining abnormality, and the operation of the apparatus is automatically stopped. As a result, it is possible to prevent the production of defective products and to prevent the occurrence of damage to tools and devices that are a concern due to continuing abnormal machining.

  The rotation time for the motor M to rotate forward, the timing for changing from forward rotation to reverse rotation, and the rotation time for reverse rotation are preset with optimum conditions based on the plate thickness, tap size, etc. of the workpiece W to be processed. (See FIG. 3). Based on this condition, the control unit SG controls each operation.

<Modification>
In the above example, the flow switch A2 in the air control unit AS detects the flow toward the solenoid valves A3 and A6 with the air supply source A1 side as the upstream side. The flow may be detected. In this case, the flow switch A2 may be disposed in the reverse direction, or a flow switch that detects a bidirectional flow rate may be used instead of the flow switch A2.
Therefore, with reference mainly to FIG. 8, the error determination in the case where the flow switch A2 is arranged to detect the flow with the air supply source A1 on the downstream side will be described.
In this case, since a difference appears in the [2f] tap forward rotation process and the [3f] tap reverse rotation process, both processes will be described.
FIGS. 8A to 8D are timing charts corresponding to FIGS. 7A to 7D.

In the above-described [2f] tap forward rotation process, when the piston rod 4 screwed to the forward tapping rod 5 moves upward by a distance Δh according to the screwing, the volume of air corresponding to the distance Δh Q1 [see FIG. 5C] flows toward the air supply source A1. The air Q1 appears at <t3a to t4> in FIG.
Since the flow rate of the air Q1 can be assumed in advance for each condition such as the number of normal rotations of the motor M, a threshold is set so that the flow of the air Q1 can be detected by the flow switch A2 while eliminating noise. The detected flow of air Q1 is output as the ON state P3 of <t3a to t4> in FIG. 8D in the detection signal SN2.

[3f] In the tap reversing step <t4 to t6>, when the piston rod 4 is lowered according to screwing with the tapping rod 5, the air Q is drawn into the upper cylinder chamber Vt as the piston rod 4 is lowered. This is shown in <t4 to t5> of FIG. The flow direction of the air Q is not detected by the flow switch A2.
As described above, the control unit SG can determine abnormal machining based on the presence of the ON state P3 instead of the ON state P2 in the detection signal SN2. And since ON state P3 generate | occur | produces in a tap normal rotation process, processing abnormality can be determined earlier than the case where processing abnormality is determined based on ON state P2 which generate | occur | produces in a tap reverse rotation process.

<Composite processing device 61>
The tap processing apparatus 51 according to the embodiment may constitute, for example, a combined processing apparatus together with a turret punch press processing apparatus or a laser processing apparatus. Next, the combined machining apparatus 61 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 9A is a plan view (top view) of the combined machining apparatus 61, and FIG. 9B is a front view thereof.

The composite processing device 61 is a composite processing device capable of performing turret punch press processing, laser processing, and tapping processing with a single unit. Specifically, a table 62 in which a brush 62a is implanted to support a workpiece, a turret punch press processing device 63 having a turret 63a, a laser processing device 64 having a laser processing head 64a that moves uniaxially along a beam 64b, A tapping unit 65 that is a tapping unit that combines a plurality of tapping units 51 with the motor M and the main gear 1 in common, and a plurality of clampers 66 that hold the workpiece W and move it on the table 62. It is configured.
In this composite processing device 61, the pilot hole to be tapped by the tapping unit 65 can be formed by the turret punch press processing device 63 or the laser processing device 64 provided in this device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of the tapping unit 65. A single unit 65a having a set of a motor M2 and a gear 71 in the center and including a portion excluding the motor M, the shaft Ma, and the main gear 1 in the tapping device 51, and a single unit having the same configuration as the single unit 65a A total of four units 65b to 65d are arranged. Specifically, the single units 65a to 65d have cylinder devices SDa to SDd (see FIG. 11) and tapping rods 75a to 75d to which the taps 76a to 76d are detachably attached, and their gears 75a to 75d. Is arranged so as to be able to mesh with the gear 71. Accordingly, the tapping unit 65 can selectively use four different types of taps 76a to 76d and perform four types of tapping on the workpiece W in time series.
The work presser 80 and the cylinder 91 for moving the work up and down are made common to the single units 65a to 65d, one by one.

FIG. 11 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing the air control device BS of the tapping unit 65.
The air control device BS is arranged corresponding to the air supply source B1 and the flow switch B2, the four piping paths B5a to B5d branched corresponding to the cylinder devices SDa to SDd, and the piping routes B5a to B5d. It has electromagnetic valves B3a to B3d, speed control valves B4a to B4d, and an electromagnetic valve B6.
The cylinder devices SDa to SDd are driven by the operation of the electromagnetic valves B3a to B3d, and tapping is performed by the single units 65a to 65d. Further, the work presser 80 moves up and down by the operation of the electromagnetic valve B6.
The operations of the single units 65a to 65d are the same as the operations of the tap processing device 51 described above.
The control unit SG performs control so that one of the plurality of single units 65a to 65d is selected in a time series and the workpiece W is tapped. Therefore, even when there is only one flow switch B2, when a processing abnormality is detected based on the signal SN2 output from the flow switch B2, it is associated with the detection time, so that the unit operating at the detection time is Units can be identified. Then, the specified single unit can be made to output error information to the output unit DP as a single unit in which a processing abnormality has occurred, and the operation of the single unit, the tap processing unit, or the combined processing apparatus can be stopped.

  It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be modified without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In the embodiment, the control unit SG monitors whether the ON state of the detection signal SN2 is generated during the time when the motor M is rotating in the forward direction and the reverse direction in the tap processing of the tap processing device 51. However, since the air flow generated by the processing abnormality and detected by the flow switch A2 occurs in the reverse rotation in the embodiment (not a modified example), whether or not the detection signal SN2 is generated only during the reverse rotation time. May be monitored.
The method of operating the workpiece holders 10 and 80 is not limited to the method using the operation of the cylinders 21 and 91 described above, and other types of drive sources may be used.
In the embodiment, the case where the male screw portion 4a of the piston rod 4 is screwed to the female screw portion 5a of the tapping rod 5 has been described. However, the tapping rod 5 has a male screw portion, and the piston rod 4 has a female screw portion. You may come to match.
The tap processing unit 65 is not limited to one that can select four types of taps, and may include a plurality of single units so that two or more types of taps can be selected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main gear 2 Cylinder 3 Piston 4 Piston rod, 4a Male thread part 5 Tapping rod, 5a Female thread part, 5b Gear 6 Tap 7 Coil spring, 8 Coupler, 9, 9a Silencer 10 Work clamp, 11 Tap position detection sensor 21 Cylinder, 21a Rod 51 Tap processing device 61 Composite processing device 62 Table 62a Brush 63 Turret punch press processing device 63a Turret 64 Laser processing device 64a Laser processing head 65 Tap processing unit 65a-65d Single unit 66 Clamper 71, 75b Gear, 76a-76d Tap 80 Workpiece holding, 91 Cylinder AS, BS Air control part A1, B1 Air supply source, A2, B2 Flow switches A3, A6, B3a-B3d, B6 Solenoid valves A3A, A3B, A6A, 6B Position A4, A7, B4a to B4d Speed control valve, A4a Check valve A5a, A5b, B5a to B5d Piping path, A7b Air control valve B Base, B1 Air supply source, B2 Flow switch B4a to B4d Speed control valve, B5a ~ B5d Piping path B6a ~ B6d Solenoid valve DP Display part, HT main part M motor, Ma shaft P1, P2 ON state PL Pass line Q, Q1 Air SD, SDa-SDd Cylinder device SG Control part St (predetermined) stroke SN1 , SN2 Signal Vb, Vb2 Lower cylinder chamber, Vt, Vt2 Upper cylinder chamber W Workpiece, Wf (Defective) workpiece, Ws Pilot hole

Claims (3)

A tapping device for tapping a workpiece,
A tapping rod to which the tap is detachably attached;
A cylinder device having a piston rod and a cylinder connected to the tapping rod;
A flow switch for detecting an air flow according to the cylinder device and outputting a detection signal corresponding to the detected air flow;
A drive unit for rotationally driving the tapping rod;
While controlling the operation of the drive unit, the detection signal obtained when the tap penetrates the workpiece by rotation and forming a screw, and the tap obtained when the tap is idled without penetrating the workpiece. A control unit for determining a machining abnormality based on a difference between the detection signal and the detection signal;
Equipped with a,
The tapping rod is connected to the piston rod by screwing,
When the tap penetrates the workpiece to form a screw, the piston rod does not move up and down, and only the tapping rod rotates and descends according to the screwing,
When the tap is idled without penetrating the work, the difference is caused by the piston rod ascending according to the screwing with the rotation of the tapping rod. apparatus. The control unit, when determining the machining abnormality, outputs an error signal and restrains the tap machining apparatus from performing a next machining operation until an instruction is input from the outside. 1 Symbol placement tapping device. In a tapping process on a workpiece by a tapping apparatus, a machining abnormality determination method for determining a machining abnormality caused by a pilot hole not being formed or a pilot hole being inappropriate due to a small diameter,
The tapping device is
A cylinder device having a piston rod connected by screwing with a tapping rod to which a tap is attached;
A flow switch for detecting an air flow with respect to the cylinder device caused by the vertical movement of the tapping rod;
A drive unit for rotationally driving the tapping rod;
With
A positive rotation step in which the drive unit rotates the tapping rod in a positive direction in which the tap forms a screw on the workpiece;
After the forward rotation step, the drive unit rotates the tapping rod in the reverse direction, and a reverse rotation step.
A detection step of determining whether or not the flow of air is detected by the flow switch while the tapping rod is rotating in the forward direction or the reverse direction;
When the air flow is detected at a predetermined amount or more in the detection step, a processing abnormality determination step that determines a processing abnormality and outputs an error signal;
The processing abnormality determination method characterized by including.

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