JP5836063B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator, and more particularly to a tunnel excavator that excavates a tunnel having a non-circular excavation section.

  Conventionally, when excavating tunnels used for double-track railways, roads, etc., excavating tunnels with a circular cross-section, the required space is rectangular, so the amount of overexcavation increases and after excavation There is a problem that extra cost is required for backfilling, and that it is inefficient and uneconomical.

  Therefore, in recent years, a tunnel excavator that directly excavates a tunnel having a non-circular (rectangular, elliptical, etc.) excavation section by arranging a large number of small circular cutters or tilting the circular cutters (Patent Document 1). Has been proposed.

Japanese Patent No. 3449803

  However, the structure of a tunnel excavator with a large number of small circular cutters becomes complicated due to an increase in the number of parts, etc., and the excavation reaction force in the tunnel radial direction for a tunnel excavator that tilts a circular cutter. There is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and the reliability for stable excavation is lacking due to the necessity of a mechanism corresponding to the above.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator that can excavate a tunnel having a non-circular cross section as much as possible by reducing the amount of extra excavation as much as possible and efficiently without an unexcavated portion.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes:
A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left fixedly connected to the body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
The center cutter and the side cutter is adapted to be rotated each independently,
The rotation shafts of the center cutters are rotatably supported via bearings at upper and lower portions between the left and right partition walls, while the rotation shafts of the side cutters are respectively center portions of the corresponding partition walls. Cantilevered freely through a bearing,
Each of the side cutters is divided into a tapered cylindrical inner cutter portion and a hook-shaped outer cutter portion that is extendable and non-rotatable with respect to the inner cutter portion,
The tip of the rotating shaft of each side cutter is connected and fixed to a hook-shaped outer cutter portion .

Also, with the upper center cutter and the lower center cutter is arranged offset obliquely to the longitudinal direction, the rotation locus of the multiple disc cutters or cutter bits mounted on the outer circumferential surface of each, in a side view It does not cross in the vertical direction, but partly overlaps in the vertical direction when viewed from the front.

Also, between the tapered tube of the bowl-shaped outer cutter unit and an inner cutter unit, that the slide guide and which also serves as an extra digging jack and a plurality of detent of plural is interposed Features.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes:
A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left which is connected and fixed to the main body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
The center cutter and the side cutter is adapted to be rotated each independently,
The outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, through the cutter spokes, many cutter bits are attached,
The cutter spokes elongated bit mounting plate, the center cutter and the outer peripheral surface of the side cutter, and characterized by being supported by a number planted the pier-shaped strut drilling sediment can pass interval To do.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes:
A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left fixedly connected to the body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
Wherein and is rotatable independently by the center cutter and the side cutter,
The outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, through the cutter spokes, many cutter bits are attached,
The cutter spokes, the bottom wall portion of the channel cross-section with form the bit mounting plate, drilled earth and sand on both side wall portions is characterized by being obtained by a large number of circulation holes can pass.

Further, the outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, characterized by being attached to sediment guide plate for guiding the excavated soil in response to each direction of rotation in the left-right direction central portion of the cutter head.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, a simple structure in which a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body is used, and a tunnel with a non-circular cross-section is reduced efficiently with no excessive excavation and no unexcavated portion. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a sectional side view of the muddy water type | mold shield excavator which shows Example 1 of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a B arrow line view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a disk cutter. It is explanatory drawing of a surplus digging state. It is a sectional side view of the muddy water type | mold shield excavator which shows Example 2 of this invention. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a cutter bit. It is a sectional side view of a muddy water type shield excavator showing Example 3 of the present invention. It is a D arrow line view of FIG. It is a principal part side view of a cutter pork. It is a principal part side view which shows the modification of a cutter spoke.

  Hereinafter, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 is a side sectional view of a muddy water type shield excavator showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the overburden state.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a horizontally long mud shield excavator (tunnel excavator) has an excavator body 10 formed of a cylindrical body having an elliptical cross section (non-circular shape). A cutter head 11 made of an elliptic rotating body (non-circular rotating body) having substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the excavator body 10 is provided in front.

  A bulkhead 12 is provided at the front portion of the excavator body 10. A mud feed pipe 13 is provided above the bulkhead 12, and a mud discharge pipe 14 is supported through the lower part at each end. Accordingly, the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 15 between the bulk head 12 and the cutter head 11 is mixed with the mud supplied from the mud pipe 13 and discharged from the mud pipe 14 to the outside. .

  Further, a plurality of middle folding jacks 16 are interposed in the circumferential direction between the bulkhead 12 and a ring garter (not shown) so that the front portion of the excavator body 10 can be folded (turned) with respect to the rear portion. Yes. Further, a plurality of shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 17 are supported in the circumferential direction on the ring gutter, and the spreader of these shield jacks 17 is pressed against an existing segment (not shown), so that the excavator body 10 is attached to the existing segment. The excavation reaction force can be taken to enable excavation (advance).

  A center shaft 18 is penetrated and supported by the bulkhead 12, and left and right partition walls 19a and 19b, which are circular double walls as viewed from the side, are connected and fixed to the tip of the center shaft 18. The above-described cutter head 11 is supported on the right partition walls 19a and 19b. In the figure, 19c is a back plate constructed between the left and right partition walls 19a, 19b.

  The cutter head 11 includes drum-shaped center cutters 20A and 20B arranged between the left and right partition walls 19a and 19b in two upper and lower stages, and both sides of the center cutters 20A and 20B. The hemispherical (cap-shaped) side cutters 21A and 21B arranged with the openings facing each other are provided so as to be independently rotatable. In the illustrated example, a rugby ball-shaped three-dimensional cutter head 11 is provided. The tunnel can be excavated by rotating like rolling.

  The rotary shafts 22a and 22b of the center cutters 20A and 20B are rotatably mounted on the upper and lower portions between the left and right partition walls 19a and 19b via bearings 23a and 23b, respectively. In the upper center cutter 20A, the gear 24b fixed to the right end of the rotating shaft 22a meshes with the output gear 26b of one or more center cutter drive motors 25b fixed to the right partition wall 19b, and the lower center cutter 20A. In the center cutter 20B, a gear 24a fixed to the left end of the rotating shaft 22b is engaged with an output gear 26a of one or more center cutter drive motors 25a fixed to the left partition wall 19a.

  Further, the upper center cutter 20A and the lower center cutter 20B are arranged slightly obliquely in the front-rear direction, and are set at predetermined positions so that an unexcavated portion is not generated on each outer peripheral surface via the bracket 27a. The rotation trajectories of a large number of disc cutters 28a (see FIG. 4) attached in the direction do not cross in the vertical direction in a side view, but partially overlap in the vertical direction in a front view. That is, an unexcavated portion is not generated between the drum-shaped center cutters 20A and 20B having two upper and lower stages.

  On the other hand, the rotation shafts 29a and 29b of the side cutters 21A and 21B are rotatable at the center of the left partition wall 19a and the right partition wall 19b via bearings 30a and 30b, respectively, and can be moved slightly in the axial direction. And cantilevered at each proximal end. And the outer peripheral part of turning board 31a, 31b fitted to each rotating shaft 29a, 29b and the bearing housing part 33a, 33b of the gear box 32a, 32b externally attached to the left and right partition walls 19a, 19b The triaxial roller bearings 34a and 34b with gears are interposed therebetween, and one or more side cutter drive motors 35a fixed to the gear boxes 32a and 32b at the gear portions of the triaxial roller bearings 34a and 34b with gears. , 35b are in mesh with each other.

  The side cutters 21A and 21B are divided into tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 and bowl-shaped outer cutter sections 21a2 and 21b2, and the bowl-shaped outer cutter sections 21a2 and 21b2 are tapered cylindrical inner cutters. The fitting portions 37a and 37b are fitted to the portions 21a1 and 21b1 so as to be extendable and contractible.

  The tips of the rotating shafts 29a and 29b are fixed to the substrates 38a and 38b of the bowl-shaped outer cutter portions 21a2 and 21b2, and the substrates 38a and 38b and the tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 are fixed. Between the flange portions 39a and 39b of 21b1, a plurality of (for example, four) extra excavation slide jacks 45a and 45b and a plurality of (for example, six) slide guides 46a and 46b that also serve as rotation stoppers are interposed. The

  The tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 are fitted to the outer peripheral surfaces of the left partition wall 19a and the right partition wall 19b at their opening edges so as to be rotatable and not movable in the axial direction. In addition, a large number of disc cutters 28b (see FIG. 4) are attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the side cutters 21A and 21B via a bracket 27b so that unexcavated portions are not formed and directed in a predetermined direction. It is worn. In the figure, 40a and 40b are working openings.

  Because of this configuration, for example, when a tunnel such as a rock is under construction, the center cutters 20A and 20B are rotated in a predetermined direction by the center cutter drive motors 25a and 25b, and the side cutters are driven by the side cutter drive motors 35a and 35b. The excavator body 10 is excavated (advanced) with the excavation reaction force applied to the existing segment by the shield jack (propulsion jack) 17 in a state in which 21A and 21B are rotated in a predetermined direction.

  At this time, the slide guides 46a also serve as a rotation stopper for the flanged outer cutter portions 21a2 and 21b2 of the side cutters 21A and 21B with respect to the tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 due to the extension of the extra excavation slide jacks 45a and 45b. , 46b and extending in the left-right direction, it is possible to excavate the dimension L (≈100 mm) (see FIG. 5).

  As a result, a tunnel having an elliptical section is excavated by the cutter head 11 formed of an elliptical rotator having a rugby ball shape between the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B. The excavated soil that has been excavated and taken into the chamber 15 is mixed with the mud supplied from the mud pipe 13 and discharged from the mud pipe 14 to the outside.

  As a result, with a simple structure using the rugby ball-shaped elliptical rotating body 11, a tunnel having an elliptical cross section can be efficiently and stably removed with as little excavation as possible without an unexcavated portion. Since excavation is possible, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B are rotatably provided, so that the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B rotate in the same direction. Or can be arbitrarily set by rotating in a different direction, increasing versatility.

  6 is a side sectional view of a muddy water type shield excavator showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a cutter bit.

  This is because the normal cutter bits 41a and 41b and the preceding bits 42a and 42b are replaced with the cutter spokes 43a and 43b on the outer peripheral surfaces of the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B in the first embodiment, instead of the disk cutters 28a and 28b. This is an example in which a normal ground is excavated by attaching it through the.

  Other configurations are the same except that the tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 of the side cutters 21A and 21B and the bowl-shaped outer cutter portions 21a2 and 21b2 are integrally coupled to prevent over-excavation. 1 are the same as those in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the same members as those in FIGS. 1 and 2, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. Of course, also in this embodiment, the structures of the flange-shaped outer cutter portions 21a2 and 21b2 and the tapered cylindrical inner cutter portions 21a1 and 21b1 in the side cutters 21A and 21B can be dug in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Needless to say.

  Also in this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  9 is a side sectional view of a muddy water type shield excavator showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a view taken in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a side view of the main part of the Katspoke, and FIG. It is a principal part side view which shows an example.

  This is because the cutter spokes 43a and 43b attached to the outer peripheral surfaces (faceboards) of the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B in the second embodiment are replaced with a number of cutter bits 41a and 41b and preceding bits 42a and 42b. A plurality of pier-like columns 48a in which a number of elongated bit mounting plates 47a and 47b to be attached are planted vertically and horizontally on the outer peripheral surfaces of the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B at intervals through which excavated earth and sand can pass. , 48b.

  That is, the earth and sand excavated by a large number of cutter bits 41a and 41b and preceding bits 42a and 42b dive under the bit mounting plates 47a and 47b of the cutter spokes 43a and 43b, and the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B. On the outer peripheral surface, the center cutter 20A, 20B and the side cutters 21A, 21B can flow downstream in the rotational direction. Therefore, the height of the cut spokes 43a and 43b is set higher than the cut cut spokes 43a and 43b in the second embodiment.

  Then, on the outer peripheral surfaces of the center cutters 20A and 20B and the side cutters 21A and 21B, the excavated earth and sand is disposed in the center in the left-right direction of the cutter head 11 corresponding to the respective rotation directions (the left side where the mud pipe 14 is piped) A number of earth and sand guide plates 49a and 49b leading to the right partition walls 19a and 19b) are provided. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and redundant description is omitted.

  Also in this embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the advantage that the excavation performance of excavated earth and sand can be improved as compared with the second embodiment.

  FIG. 12 shows a modification of the cutter pork 43a, 43b of the present embodiment. The bottom wall portion of the groove-shaped cross section is used as the bit mounting plates 47a, 47b, and the excavated earth and sand can pass through the both side wall portions. This is an example in which a large number of flow holes 50a, 50b are formed, and this also provides good excavation performance of excavated soil.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, by changing the shape of the side cutters 21A, 21B, etc., a non-circular tunnel having a glasses shape or a rectangular shape can be excavated without being limited to an ellipse.

  The tunnel excavator according to the present invention can be effectively applied to a mud pressure shield excavator, an earth pressure shield excavator, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator main body 11 Cutter head 12 Bulk head 13 Mud pipe 14 Drain pipe 15 Chamber 15
16 Folding jack 17 Shield jack (propulsion jack)
18 Center shaft 19a Left partition wall 19b Right partition wall 19c Back plate 20A, 20B Center cutter 21A, 21B Side cutter 21a1, 21b1 Tapered cylindrical inner cutter portion 21a2, 21b2 椀 -shaped outer cutter portion 22a, 22b Rotating shaft 23a, 23b Bearing 24a, 24b Gear 25a, 25b Center cutter drive motor 26a, 26b Output gear 27a, 27b Bracket 28a, 28b Disc cutter 29a, 29b Rotating shaft 30a, 30b Bearing 31a, 31b Swivel plate 32a, 32b Gear box 33a, 33b Bearing Housing parts 34a, 34b Triaxial roller bearings with gears 35a, 35b Side cutter drive motors 36a, 36b Output gears 37a, 37b Rectangular cylindrical fitting parts 38a, 38b Substrates 39a, 39b Nji portion 40a, an opening for 40b work.
41a, 41b Cutter bit 42a, 42b Precise bit 43a, 43b Cutter pork 45a, 45b Slide jack for over-digging 46a, 46b Slide guide 47a, 47b Bit mounting plate 48a, 48b Pier-like column 49a, 49b Sediment guide plate 50a, 50b Distribution hole L Size of overmining

Claims (6)

A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left fixedly connected to the body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
The center cutter and the side cutter is adapted to be rotated each independently,
The rotation shafts of the center cutters are rotatably supported via bearings at upper and lower portions between the left and right partition walls, while the rotation shafts of the side cutters are respectively center portions of the corresponding partition walls. Cantilevered freely through a bearing,
Each of the side cutters is divided into a tapered cylindrical inner cutter portion and a hook-shaped outer cutter portion that is extendable and non-rotatable with respect to the inner cutter portion,
A tunnel excavator characterized in that a tip of the rotating shaft of each side cutter is connected and fixed to a bowl-shaped outer cutter portion . Wherein the upper stage of the center cutter and the lower center cutters, are arranged offset obliquely to the longitudinal direction, the rotation locus of the multiple disc cutters or cutter bits mounted on the outer peripheral surface of each upper and lower direction in a side view 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 , wherein the tunnel excavator is overlapped in the vertical direction when viewed from the front. Between the tapered tube of the bowl-shaped outer cutter unit and an inner cutter unit, and characterized in that the slide guide and which also serves as an extra digging jack and a plurality of detent of plural is interposed The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 . A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left fixedly connected to the body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
The center cutter and the side cutter is adapted to be rotated each independently,
The outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, through the cutter spokes, many cutter bits are attached,
The cutter spokes elongated bit mounting plate, the center cutter and the outer peripheral surface of the side cutter, and characterized by being supported by a number planted the pier-shaped strut drilling sediment can pass interval Tunnel excavator. A tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel with a non-circular cross section,
An excavator body composed of a non-circular cylinder,
And a cutter head made of a non-circular rotating body provided in front of the excavator body,
The cutter head is
Excavator left fixedly connected to the body side, the upper right two partition walls, and arranged drum-shaped center cutter over the lower two-stage, on both sides of these centers cutter are opposed to each other of the opening It consists of a hat-shaped side cutter arranged,
Wherein and is rotatable independently by the center cutter and the side cutter,
The outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, through the cutter spokes, many cutter bits are attached,
The cutter spokes tunneling machine, characterized in that the bottom wall portion of the channel cross-section with form the bit mounting plate, drilling sediment obtained by forming a large number of circulation holes can pass through both side wall portions. The outer peripheral surface of the center cutter and the side cutter, to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the excavated earth and sand in response to each direction of rotation annexed sediment guide plate for guiding the lateral center portion of the cutter head The tunnel excavator described.

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