JP5825452B1 - Four-way selector valve and refrigeration system - Google Patents

Abstract

A four-way switching valve and a refrigeration apparatus having a pressure equalizing function are provided at low cost. A pilot mechanism 70 is for generating a pressure difference between a first chamber 55 and a second chamber 56 of a four-way switching main body mechanism 50. The pilot mechanism 70 sets the first chamber 55 to a higher pressure than the second chamber 56 in order to set it in the normal state, and sets the second chamber 56 to a higher pressure than the first chamber 55 in order to set it in the opposite state. The second state and the third state in which the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d communicate with each other can be switched. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve and a refrigeration apparatus.

  Conventionally, there is known a refrigeration apparatus that switches between a cooling operation and a heating operation by supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from a compressor to an outdoor heat exchanger or an indoor heat exchanger using a four-way switching valve. Yes. In such a refrigeration apparatus, in order to reduce noise caused by switching by the four-way switching valve at the time of defrosting, for example, it is conceivable to perform pressure equalization by fully opening the motor-operated valve. However, if the electric valve is opened and pressure equalization is performed, the liquid refrigerant flows from the condenser side to the evaporator side, degrading the defrost performance. Instead of performing pressure equalization with the electric valve in this way, it is conceivable to attach a bypass valve to the gas side circuit of the refrigeration circuit and perform pressure equalization using the bypass valve. However, when the bypass valve is provided, the cost increases due to an increase in parts and a complicated piping.

  Therefore, for example, like the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-116384), the four-way switching valve has a function of a bypass valve, thereby increasing the number of parts and complication of piping. It is conceivable to reduce costs by suppressing the cost.

  However, the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1 uses an expensive mechanism that incorporates a stepping motor and switches the valve body by complicated control. Even if the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1 is used instead of using the bypass valve, the cost reduction effect cannot be expected so much.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a four-way switching valve and a refrigeration apparatus having a pressure equalizing function at low cost.

  The four-way switching valve according to the first aspect of the present invention has a valve body, a first chamber, and a second chamber, and moves the valve body by a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber to thereby move the first port. 4 to switch between a normal state connecting the third port and the fourth port and a reverse state connecting the first port and the third port and connecting the second port and the fourth port. A path switching main body mechanism, and a pilot mechanism for generating a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber of the four-way switching main body mechanism. A first state in which the pressure is higher than that of the second chamber, a second state in which the second chamber is set to a pressure higher than that of the first chamber in order to make the opposite state, and a third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other. And are configured to be switched.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the first aspect, the first port and the fourth port are configured to communicate with each other when the pilot mechanism is switched to the third state. It is possible to equalize the pressure of the flow path connected to the flow path connected to the fourth port.

  The four-way switching valve according to the second aspect of the present invention is the four-way switching valve according to the first aspect, wherein the pilot mechanism is connected to the first pilot pipe connected to the first port and the fourth port connected to the fourth port. A pilot pipe and a pilot valve for communicating the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe are provided.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the second aspect, since the pilot mechanism is a pilot valve and has a simple structure for communicating the first port and the fourth port, the pilot mechanism for communicating the first port and the fourth port is realized at low cost. it can.

  A four-way switching valve according to a third aspect of the present invention is the four-way switching valve according to the second aspect, wherein the pilot mechanism is connected to the first chamber, the second pilot pipe connected to the first chamber, and the second chamber. 3 pilot pipes, and in the first state, the first pilot pipe and the second pilot pipe are communicated with each other by the pilot valve, and the third pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe are communicated. In the second state, the first pilot pipe and the second pilot pipe are communicated. The first pilot pipe and the third pilot pipe are communicated, and the second pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe are communicated.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the third aspect, not only switching to the third state but also switching to the first state and the second state is performed using the pilot valve, so that the structure of the pilot mechanism is simplified. .

  A four-way switching valve according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the four-way switching valve according to the third aspect, in which the pilot mechanism is connected to the first opening and the second pilot pipe connected to the first pilot pipe. A pilot chamber having a second opening, a third opening connected to the third pilot pipe, and a fourth opening connected to the fourth pilot pipe, and a pilot valve for driving the pilot valve And a pilot valve that opens the second opening when the pilot valve is moved to the first position by the pilot valve driving unit, and communicates the third opening and the fourth opening. The third opening is opened while being moved to the second position by the valve drive unit, the second opening and the fourth opening are communicated, and the pilot valve drive unit is moved to the third position. And it is configured so as to open at least a fourth opening in state.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the fourth aspect, the pilot valve is moved from the first position to the third position by the pilot valve driving unit, so that the four-way switching valve can be switched from the first state to the third state. A pilot valve driving unit of the pilot mechanism that can be switched from the first state to the third state can be realized at low cost.

  A four-way switching valve according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the four-way switching valve according to the fourth aspect, wherein the pilot mechanism has a first position, a second position, and a third position arranged in a straight line, and is driven by a pilot valve. The part moves the pilot valve linearly.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the fifth aspect, since the pilot valve moves in a straight line, the four-way switching valve can be switched from the first state to the third state, so the configuration of the pilot valve drive unit is simple. Become.

  A four-way switching valve according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the four-way switching valve according to the fifth aspect, wherein the pilot valve drive unit is a distance from the first plunger fixed to the pilot valve and a predetermined portion of the pilot chamber. The second controllable second plunger has a first control state in which the distance from the pilot valve to the predetermined position is the longest by controlling the positions of the first plunger and the second plunger, and the distance from the pilot valve to the predetermined position is The pilot valve is moved from the first position to the third position by switching between the shortest third control state and the second control state in which the distance from the pilot valve to the predetermined position is between the 1 control state and the third control state.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the sixth aspect, the pilot valve is moved by controlling the positions of the first plunger and the second plunger in the pilot chamber, so that the pilot valve is moved to the first position, the second position, and the third position. The linear movement can be realized with a simple mechanism.

  A refrigeration apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention includes a valve body, a first chamber, and a second chamber, and moves the valve body due to a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber to thereby change the first port and the first chamber. Four-way switching for switching between a normal state in which two ports are connected and a third port and a fourth port are connected, and a reverse state in which the first and third ports are connected and the second port and the fourth port are connected A four-way switching valve having a main body mechanism and a pilot mechanism for generating a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber of the four-way switching main body mechanism, and discharging the compressed refrigerant through the first port And a compressor that sucks the refrigerant through the fourth port, an outdoor heat exchanger connected to the second port, and an indoor heat exchanger connected to the third port. In order to change the state, the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber, and the first chamber is set in a reverse state. A second state in which the second chamber to a higher pressure than the first chamber in order, and the first port and the fourth port is configured to switch between the third state for communicating.

  In the refrigeration apparatus of the seventh aspect, since the first port and the fourth port are configured to communicate with each other by switching the pilot mechanism to the third state, the first port through which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor flows The four-way switching valve can equalize the pressure of the flow path connected to the flow path and the flow path connected to the fourth port through which the refrigerant sucked by the compressor flows.

  A refrigeration apparatus according to an eighth aspect is the refrigeration apparatus according to the seventh aspect, wherein the pilot mechanism includes a first pilot pipe directly connected to the first port, a fourth pilot pipe directly connected to the fourth port, and A pilot valve for communicating the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe is provided.

  A refrigeration apparatus according to a ninth aspect is the refrigeration apparatus according to the seventh aspect, wherein the first refrigerant pipe connecting the first port of the four-way switching valve and the discharge port of the compressor, and the fourth of the four-way switching valve. And a second refrigerant pipe connecting the port and the suction port of the compressor. The pilot mechanism is connected to the first pilot pipe and the second refrigerant pipe connected to the first refrigerant pipe. A fourth pilot pipe and a pilot valve for communicating the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe are provided.

  The refrigeration apparatus according to a tenth aspect is the refrigeration apparatus according to the seventh aspect, further comprising a first refrigerant pipe that connects the first port of the four-way switching valve and the discharge port of the compressor, A first pilot pipe connected to one refrigerant pipe, a fourth pilot pipe directly connected to the fourth port, and a pilot valve for communicating the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe; is there.

  The refrigeration apparatus according to an eleventh aspect is the refrigeration apparatus according to the seventh aspect, further comprising a second refrigerant pipe connecting the fourth port of the four-way switching valve and the suction port of the compressor, A first pilot pipe directly connected to one port; a fourth pilot pipe connected to the second refrigerant pipe; and a pilot valve for communicating the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe. is there.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the first aspect of the present invention or the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the seventh to eleventh aspects of the present invention, the flow path connected to the first port by the four-way switching valve itself and the fourth Since pressure equalization of the flow path connected to the port can be performed, for example, a bypass valve for pressure equalization of the first port and the fourth port can be omitted, and a function of equalizing the first port and the fourth port by communicating with each other Can be realized at low cost.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the second aspect of the present invention, the cost can be reduced by using an inexpensive pilot mechanism.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the third aspect of the present invention, the function of communicating the first port and the fourth port to equalize pressure can be realized at low cost.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the cost can be reduced by realizing the pilot mechanism at a low cost.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the four-way switching valve can be easily configured at a lower cost.

  In the four-way switching valve according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the structure and control of the pilot valve drive unit are simplified.

The typical circuit diagram for demonstrating the air_conditionaing | cooling operation and defrost operation of the freezing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The circuit diagram for demonstrating the heating operation of the freezing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment. The fragmentary sectional view which expanded the four-way selector valve of the freezing apparatus of FIG. The fragmentary sectional view which expanded the four-way selector valve of the freezing apparatus of FIG. The typical sectional view for explaining the state of the pilot mechanism of the four-way selector valve of Drawing 3. The typical sectional view for explaining the state of the pilot mechanism of the four-way selector valve of Drawing 4. A typical sectional view for explaining a state of a pilot mechanism at the time of pressure equalization operation. The circuit diagram for demonstrating the state of the freezing apparatus at the time of pressure equalization operation | movement. The circuit diagram for demonstrating the state of the freezing apparatus which concerns on modification 1D at the time of pressure equalization operation | movement. The circuit diagram for demonstrating the state of the freezing apparatus which concerns on the modification 1E at the time of pressure equalization operation | movement. The circuit diagram for demonstrating the state of the freezing apparatus which concerns on the modification 1F at the time of pressure equalization operation | movement.

(1) Overall Configuration A refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the refrigeration apparatus 10 includes a compressor 11, a four-way switching valve 12, an outdoor heat exchanger 13, an expansion mechanism 14, an accumulator 15, and an indoor heat exchanger 16. . The refrigeration apparatus 10 includes an outdoor unit 20 and an indoor unit 30. In the outdoor unit 20, a compressor 11, a four-way switching valve 12, an outdoor heat exchanger 13, an expansion mechanism 14, and an accumulator 15 are installed. The indoor unit 30 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 16. In the following, description will be made with emphasis on the refrigerant flow of the refrigeration apparatus 10 important for the present invention, and description of other parts such as the flow of airflow in the refrigeration apparatus 10 will be omitted. For example, the description about the outdoor fan and indoor fan (not shown) with which the refrigeration apparatus 10 is provided is omitted.

(1-1) Circuit Configuration of the Refrigeration Apparatus 10 The discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 is connected to the first port 12a of the four-way switching valve 12. The second port 12 b of the four-way switching valve 12 is connected to the first inlet / outlet port 13 a of the outdoor heat exchanger 13. The second entrance / exit 13 b of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first entrance / exit 14 a of the expansion mechanism 14. The second entrance / exit 14 b of the expansion mechanism 14 is connected to the first entrance / exit 16 a of the indoor heat exchanger 16. The second inlet / outlet port 16 b of the indoor heat exchanger 16 is connected to the third port 12 c of the four-way switching valve 12. The fourth port 12 d of the four-way switching valve 12 is connected to the gas inlet 15 a of the accumulator 15. The gas outlet 15 b of the accumulator 15 is connected to the suction port 11 b of the compressor 11.

(1-2) Outline of Operation of Refrigeration Apparatus 10 FIGS. 1 and 2 show different operation states of the refrigeration apparatus 10. The refrigeration apparatus 10 can switch between a cooling operation and a heating operation for the room by the four-way switching valve 12. The state shown in FIG. 1 is a connection state during cooling operation or defrost operation. Moreover, the state shown by FIG. 2 is a connection state at the time of heating operation.

(1-2-1) Cooling Operation / Defrost Operation In the state shown in FIG. 1, the first port 12a and the second port 12b of the four-way switching valve 12 communicate with each other, and the third port 12c and the fourth port 12d. Are communicating. As described above, the first port 12a and the second port 12b of the four-way switching valve 12 are in communication with each other, and therefore, the first port 12a of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is connected from the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 via the four-way switching valve 12. A high-pressure gas line (shown by a bold line) extends up to one doorway 13a. When passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing from the first inlet / outlet 13 a of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is deprived of heat by heat exchange with the outdoor air and condensed. Since the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and flowing out of the second inlet / outlet 13b flows into the first inlet / outlet 14a of the expansion mechanism 14, the second inlet / outlet 13b of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the second of the expansion mechanism 14 A high-pressure liquid line (shown by a broken line) is formed between the first inlet / outlet 14a. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the expansion mechanism 14 is expanded by the expansion mechanism 14 to become a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant. Since the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out from the second inlet / outlet 14b of the expansion mechanism 14 flows into the first inlet / outlet 16a of the indoor heat exchanger 16, the second inlet / outlet 14b of the expansion mechanism 14 and the first inlet / outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 16 are used. A portion between 16a is a low-pressure gas line (denoted by a one-dot chain line). The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed from the first inlet / outlet 16a of the indoor heat exchanger 16 evaporates due to heat exchange with indoor air when passing through the indoor heat exchanger 16. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 16 and flowing out from the second inlet / outlet port 16b passes through the third port 12c, the fourth port 12d and the accumulator 15 of the four-way switching valve 12, and is sucked into the compressor 11. In order to flow into the port 11b, a low-pressure gas line (described by a solid line) is formed between the second port 16b of the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the suction port 11b of the compressor 11.

(1-2-2) Heating Operation In the state shown in FIG. 2, the first port 12a and the third port 12c of the four-way switching valve 12 communicate with each other, and the second port 12b and the fourth port 12d communicate with each other. ing. Thus, since the first port 12a and the third port 12c of the four-way switching valve 12 communicate with each other, the first port 12a of the indoor heat exchanger 16 is connected from the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 via the four-way switching valve 12. The high pressure gas line (shown by a bold line) extends up to 2 outlets 16b. When passing through the indoor heat exchanger 16, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing from the second inlet / outlet 16b of the indoor heat exchanger 16 is deprived of heat by heat exchange with the indoor air and condensed. Since the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 16 and flowing out from the first inlet / outlet 16a flows into the second inlet / outlet 14b of the expansion mechanism 14, the first inlet / outlet 16a of the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the first of the expansion mechanism 14 A high pressure liquid line (shown by a broken line) is formed between the two outlets 14b. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the expansion mechanism 14 is expanded by the expansion mechanism 14 to become a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant. Since the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out from the first inlet / outlet 14a of the expansion mechanism 14 flows into the second inlet / outlet 13b of the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the first inlet / outlet 14a of the expansion mechanism 14 and the second inlet / outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 are used. 13b is a low-pressure gas line (shown by a one-dot chain line). The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed from the second inlet / outlet 13b of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 evaporates due to heat exchange with the outdoor air when passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and flowing out from the first inlet / outlet port 13a is sucked into the compressor 11 via the second port 12b, the fourth port 12d and the accumulator 15 of the four-way switching valve 12. In order to flow into the port 11b, a low-pressure gas line (shown by a solid line) is formed between the first port 13a of the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the suction port 11b of the compressor 11.

(1-2-3) Switching to Defrost Operation When the heating operation is being performed (the state shown in FIG. 2), the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is temporarily defrosted so that the state shown in FIG. The four-way selector valve 12 is switched so as to be in the state.

  Conventionally, when the defrost operation is started and when the defrost operation returns to the heating operation, the expansion mechanism valve is fully opened to equalize the pressure in order to reduce noise generated by the four-way switching valve. Therefore, with the full opening of the valve of the expansion mechanism at the time of pressure equalization, for example, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant moves in the direction of the arrow Ar1 in FIG. When it is desired to prevent such a problem, conventionally, for example, a bypass valve 19 for bypassing the discharge port of the compressor and the suction port of the compressor has been provided. However, when the bypass valve 19 is provided, the number of parts increases and the piping becomes complicated, resulting in an increase in cost.

  In the present invention, pressure equalization for the defrost operation is performed using the four-way switching valve 12. Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the four-way switching valve 12 having a function for pressure equalization will be described in detail.

(2) Four-way switching valve 12
(2-1) Configuration of Four-way Switching Valve 12 The configuration of the four-way switching valve 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The four-way switching valve 12 includes a four-way switching main body mechanism 50 and a pilot mechanism 70. The first port 12 a, the second port 12 b, the third port 12 c and the fourth port 12 d of the four-way switching valve 12 are connected to the four-way switching main body mechanism 50.

(2-1-1) Four-way switching body mechanism 50
The four-way switching main body mechanism 50 includes a body portion 51, a valve body 52, a first partition member 53, and a second partition member 54. The body portion 51 is formed of a cylindrical side surface 51a, a first lid 51b, and a second lid 51c. Openings at both ends of the cylindrical side surface 51a are closed by the first lid 51b and the second lid 51c. The inside of the body portion 51 is connected to the first pilot port 12a, the second port 12b, the third port 12c, the fourth port 12d, and the second pilot pipe 82 and the second lid 51c connected to the first lid 51b. This is a sealed space with no exit other than the third pilot pipe 83 that is provided.

  A bottomed cylindrical first partition member 53 and a second partition member 54 that are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical side surface 51a without a gap are arranged inside the body portion 51 so as to be slidable along the side surface 51a. Yes. A valve body 52 is disposed between the first partition member 53 and the second partition member 54, and both ends of the valve body 52 are fixed to the first partition member 53 and the second partition member 54. Accordingly, the valve body 52 is pushed by one of the first partition member 53 and the second partition member 54 and is pulled by the other to slide inside the body portion 51.

  A space surrounded by the first partition member 53, the first lid 51 b, and the side surface 51 a is a sealed space having no outlet other than the second pilot pipe 82, and forms a first chamber 55. When high-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the second pilot pipe 82 to the first chamber 55 and the pressure in the first chamber 55 becomes higher than the pressure in the space where the valve body 52 is located, the first partition member 53 is moved to the first lid 51b. Receives force in the direction away from. Conversely, when a low-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the second pilot pipe 82 to the first chamber 55 and the pressure in the first chamber 55 becomes lower than the pressure in the space where the valve body 52 is located, the first partition member 53 is A force is applied in a direction approaching the one lid 51b.

  Similarly, a space surrounded by the second partition member 54, the second lid 51 c, and the side surface 51 a is a sealed space having no outlet other than the third pilot pipe 83, and forms a second chamber 56. When a high-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the third pilot pipe 83 to the second chamber 56 and the pressure in the second chamber 56 becomes higher than the pressure in the space where the valve body 52 is located, the second partition member 54 is moved to the second lid 51c. Receives force in the direction away from. Conversely, when a low-pressure refrigerant is supplied from the third pilot pipe 83 to the second chamber 56 and the pressure in the second chamber 56 becomes lower than the pressure in the space where the valve body 52 is located, the second partition member 54 A force is applied in a direction approaching the two lids 51c.

  The valve body 52 is provided with a connection portion 52a, and the connection portion 52a is formed with a recess 52aa. The two ports facing the recess 52aa are configured to be connected by the connecting portion 52a. That is, in the state shown in FIG. 3, the third port 12c and the fourth port 12d are connected by the connecting portion 52a, and in the state shown in FIG. 4, the second port 12b and the fourth port 12d are connected. Connected by the part 52a.

  Further, since the first port 12a is connected to the central portion of the body portion 51, as shown in FIG. 4, even when the valve body 52 approaches the second lid 51c as shown in FIG. Even when the valve body 52 approaches the first lid 51b, the first port 12a is opened toward the space between the first partition member 53 and the second partition member 54. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the valve body 52 is approaching the second lid 51c, the third port 12c and the fourth port 12d covered by the connection portion 52a are connected to the first port 12a. The connection is cut off, and the first port 12a and the second port 12b are in communication. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the valve body 52 is approaching the first lid 51b, the second port 12b and the fourth port 12d covered with the connection portion 52a are connected to the first port 12a. The connection is cut off, and the first port 12a and the third port 12c are in communication.

  The four-way switching main body mechanism 50 and the pilot mechanism 70 are connected by four first pilot pipes 81, second pilot pipes 82, third pilot pipes 83, and fourth pilot pipes 84. The first pilot pipe 81 is connected to the space between the first partition member 53 and the second partition member 54 via the first port 12a, and the fourth pilot pipe 84 is connected via the fourth port 12d. It is connected to the recess 52aa of the part 52a. The second pilot pipe 82 is connected to the first chamber 55 through the first lid 51b, and the third pilot pipe 83 is connected to the second chamber 56 through the second lid 51c.

(2-1-2) Pilot mechanism 70
5, 6 and 7 are schematic enlarged views of the main part of the pilot mechanism. FIG. 5 shows the state of the pilot mechanism 70 during the cooling operation or the defrost operation. FIG. 6 shows the state of the pilot mechanism 70 during the heating operation. FIG. 7 shows the state of the pilot mechanism 70 during pressure equalization. In addition to the four first pilot pipes 81, the second pilot pipe 82, the third pilot pipe 83, and the fourth pilot pipe 84, the pilot mechanism 70 includes a pilot body 71, a pilot valve 72, a first plunger 73, and a second plunger. 74 and a pilot valve drive 75. A pilot chamber 71 a is formed in the pilot body 71. The pilot chamber 71 a is a sealed space having no entrance / exit other than the first pilot pipe 81, the second pilot pipe 82, the third pilot pipe 83, and the fourth pilot pipe 84.

  In the pilot chamber 71 a, a first opening 76 connected to the first pilot pipe 81 is formed, and a second opening 77 connected to the second pilot pipe 82 is formed. A third opening 78 connected is formed, and a fourth opening 79 connected to the fourth pilot pipe 84 is formed. And the 2nd opening part 77, the 4th opening part 79, and the 3rd opening part 78 are arranged along with the straight line along the longitudinal direction of the pilot body 71 according to this description order.

  A pilot valve 72 that moves in a straight line along the direction in which the second opening 77, the fourth opening 79, and the third opening 78 are arranged is disposed in the pilot chamber 71a. The pilot valve 72 has a recess 72a.

  Further, a first plunger 73 and a second plunger 74 are accommodated in the pilot chamber 71a. The pilot valve 72, the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 are arranged in this order, and the pilot valve 72 is fixed to the first plunger 73. The first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 are attached to the pilot valve drive unit 75. The pilot valve 72 moves as the pilot valve drive unit 75 moves the first plunger 73 and / or the second plunger 74.

  Specifically, the pilot valve drive unit 75 is in the first control state shown in FIG. 5, the second control state shown in FIG. 6, and the third control state shown in FIG. Controlled. That is, in the state shown in FIG. 5, the pilot valve 72 is moved to the first position where the recess 72a faces the third opening 78 and the fourth opening 79, opens the second opening 77 and sets the second opening 77 to the first position. The 3 opening part 78 and the 4th opening part 79 are connected. When the pilot valve 72 is in the first position, the pilot mechanism 70 includes a first pilot pipe 81 and a second pilot pipe 82 that communicate with each other and a third pilot pipe 83 and a fourth pilot pipe 84 that communicate with each other. It is in a state. Further, in the state of FIG. 6, the pilot valve 72 is moved to the second position where the recess 72 a faces the second opening 77 and the fourth opening 79, opens the third opening 78, and moves to the second position. The 2 opening 77 and the 4th opening 79 are connected. When the pilot valve 72 is in the second position, the pilot mechanism 70 includes a second pilot pipe 81 and a third pilot pipe 83 that communicate with each other and a second pilot pipe 82 and a fourth pilot pipe 84 that communicate with each other. It is in a state. Further, in the state of FIG. 7, the pilot valve 72 is moved to the third position where the recess 72 a faces the second opening 77, and the second opening 77, the third opening 78, and the fourth opening 79 are Opened. When the pilot valve 72 is in the third position, the pilot mechanism 70 is in the third state in which the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 are communicated. In the state shown in FIG. 7, not only the fourth opening 79 but also the second opening 77 and the third opening 78 are opened. However, in the third position, for example, the fourth opening 79 is used. Only the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 may be configured to communicate with each other.

  The pilot valve drive unit 75 includes a first spring 75a, a second spring 75b, an electromagnetic coil 75c, and a support member 75d in order to realize the control state from the first control state to the third control state. The first spring 75a is attached between the first plunger 73 and the support member 75d so that the first plunger 73 can be pushed when the first plunger 73 is about to move from the pilot valve 72 toward the support member 75d. It has been. The second spring 75b is formed between the second plunger 74 and the support member 75d so that the second plunger 74 can be pushed when the second plunger 74 is about to move in a direction opposite to the direction in which the first plunger 73 exists. Attached in between. For example, the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 are made of a magnetic material such as iron, and the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 are opposite to the direction in which the pilot valve 72 exists due to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 75c. It is configured to be pulled in the direction. When the pilot valve drive unit 75 does not generate a magnetic field in the electromagnetic coil 75c, it is in the first control state shown in FIG. 5, and a relatively weak first current is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 75c to generate a magnetic field. 6 is the second control state shown in FIG. 6, and the third control state shown in FIG. 7 is when a relatively strong second current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 75c to generate a magnetic field. It is.

(2-1-3) Operation of the four-way switching main body mechanism 50 and the pilot mechanism 70 Next, as a result of the operation of the compressor 11, a high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied to the first port 12a of the four-way switching valve 12, and The operation of the four-way switching main body mechanism 50 and the pilot mechanism 70 when a low-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied to the fourth port 12d will be described. That is, to the extent that the valve body 52 of the four-way switching valve 12 completes the operation, at least the high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the first port 12a to the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe is supplied from the fourth port 12d. It is assumed that 84 is supplied with a low-pressure gas refrigerant.

  In the state shown in FIG. 5, high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the first pilot pipe 81 connected to the first port 12a to the pilot chamber 71a, and the four-way switching is performed from the pilot chamber 71a through the second pilot pipe 82. A high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied to the first chamber 55 of the main body mechanism 50. On the other hand, the low pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the fourth pilot pipe 84 connected to the fourth port 12d to the second chamber 56 of the four-way switching body mechanism 50 through the third pilot pipe 83 by the pilot valve 72. As a result, the first chamber 55 of the four-way switching main body mechanism 50 becomes high pressure, the second chamber 56 becomes low pressure, and the valve body 52 moves away from the first lid 51b, as shown in FIG. It becomes a state. The state shown in FIG. 3 is a first state in which the first chamber 55 is at a higher pressure than the second chamber 56. In the state of FIG. 3, the four-way switching valve 12 is in a positive state in which the first port 12a and the second port 12b are connected by the valve body 52 and the third port 12c and the fourth port 12d are connected. Become.

  In the state shown in FIG. 6, high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the first pilot pipe 81 connected to the first port 12a to the pilot chamber 71a, and the four-way switching is performed from the pilot chamber 71a through the third pilot pipe 83. A high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied to the second chamber 56 of the main body mechanism 50. On the other hand, the low pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the fourth pilot pipe 84 connected to the fourth port 12d to the first chamber 55 of the four-way switching main body mechanism 50 through the second pilot pipe 82 by the pilot valve 72. As a result, the first chamber 55 of the four-way switching main body mechanism 50 becomes low pressure, the second chamber 56 becomes high pressure, and the valve body 52 moves away from the second lid 51c, as shown in FIG. It becomes a state. The state shown in FIG. 4 is a second state in which the first chamber 55 is at a lower pressure than the second chamber 56. In the state of FIG. 4, the four-way switching valve 12 is in a reverse state in which the first port 12a and the third port 12c are connected and the second port 12b and the fourth port 12d are connected by the valve body 52. Become.

  In the state shown in FIG. 7, a high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied from the first pilot pipe 81 connected to the first port 12a of the four-way selector valve 12 to the pilot chamber 71a, and the fourth pilot from the pilot chamber 71a. A high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied to the fourth port 12 d of the four-way switching valve 12 through the pipe 84. That is, in the state shown in FIG. 7, the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d are connected via the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84, and connected to the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d. The pressure equalization of the flow path and the equipment is performed.

(2-2) Pressure equalizing operation of the refrigeration apparatus 10 FIG. 8 shows a state in which the pilot mechanism 70 is in the state shown in FIG. 7 and pressure equalization is performed in the refrigeration apparatus 10. Prior to the state shown in FIG. 8, the heating operation is performed in the refrigeration apparatus 10 as described with reference to FIG. Since the heating operation is performed, in the state shown in FIG. 2, the compressor 11 to the indoor heat exchanger 16 via the four-way switching valve 12 become a high-pressure gas line (shown in bold lines). In addition, a space between the indoor heat exchanger 16 and the expansion mechanism 14 is a high-pressure liquid line (shown by a broken line), and a space between the expansion mechanism 14 and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is a low-pressure gas line (described by a one-dot chain line). The space between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the compressor 11 is a low-pressure gas line (described by a solid line).

  Before switching from the state shown in FIG. 2 to the defrost operation (the state shown in FIG. 1), the operation of the compressor 11 is stopped and the pressure equalizing operation is performed. FIG. 8 shows a state where the pressure equalizing operation is performed. Even in the state of FIG. 8 where the operation of the compressor 11 is stopped, each line of the refrigeration apparatus 10 is in the same state as in FIG. In the state of FIG. 7 in which the pressure equalizing operation is performed, as indicated by an arrow Ar2 in FIG. 8, the first pilot pipe 81 to the fourth pilot pipe 84 pass through the inside of the pilot mechanism 70 (pilot chamber 71a). High-pressure gas refrigerant flows through Since the operation of the compressor 11 is stopped, the pressure of the flow path connected to the first pilot pipe 81 (first port 12a) is increased with the passage of time so that the fourth pilot pipe 84 (first It becomes close to the pressure of the flow path connected to 4 port 12d). In the case shown in FIG. 8, the first port 12a and the second port 12b are connected through the four-way switching body mechanism 50, and the third port 12c and the fourth port 12d are connected. 12, the pressure equalization of the flow paths connected to the first port 12a, the second port 12b, the third port 12c, and the fourth port 12d is performed simultaneously.

(3) Features (3-1)
The four-way switching valve 12 according to the above embodiment causes the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d to communicate with each other through the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 when the pilot mechanism 70 is in the state shown in FIG. The third state is entered. When the four-way switching valve 12 is in the third state, the refrigerant flows from the first port 12a to the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84, and the flow connected to the first port 12a. The path and the flow path connected to the fourth port 12d are equalized. In the refrigeration apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 8, the flow path (high pressure gas line) connected to the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 and the flow path (low pressure gas line) connected to the suction port 11b are equalized. be able to. Therefore, pressure equalization can be performed without providing the bypass valve 19 as in the prior art, and a pressure equalization function can be added to the refrigeration apparatus 10 at a low cost.

(3-2)
The pilot mechanism 70 opens the fourth opening 79 with respect to the pilot chamber 71a with the pilot valve 72 to allow the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 to communicate with each other. Can be communicated. In this way, the pilot mechanism 70 has a simple configuration in which the fourth opening 79 is opened by the pilot valve 72, and the pilot mechanism 70 can be realized at low cost, so that the four-way switching valve 12 having a pressure equalizing function is provided. The cost for doing so can be reduced.

(3-3)
As shown in FIG. 5, the pilot mechanism 70 is moved by the pilot valve 72 to the third position by moving the concave portion 72 a of the pilot valve 72 to the first position facing the third opening 78 and the fourth opening 79. The pilot pipe 83 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 can be communicated, and the first pilot pipe 81 and the second pilot pipe 82 can be communicated with the pilot valve 72 opening the second opening 77. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the recess 72 a of the pilot valve 72 moves to the second position facing the second opening 77 and the fourth opening 79, so that the pilot valve 72 causes the second pilot pipe 82 to move. And the fourth pilot pipe 84 can be communicated, and the first pilot pipe 81 and the third pilot pipe 83 can be communicated with each other by opening the third opening 78 by the pilot valve 72.

  In this way, not only the switching to the third state but also the switching to the first state and the second state can be performed using the pilot valve 72, so the structure of the pilot mechanism 70 is simplified. As a result, the function of equalizing the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d by communicating with each other can be realized in the four-way switching valve 12 at low cost.

(3-4)
The pilot valve drive unit 75 switches the four-way switching valve 12 from the first state to the third state by moving the pilot valve 72 from the first position to the third position as described in (3-3) above. It is done. Since the pilot valve 72 is moved only in the pilot mechanism 70 to cause the pilot valve 72 to take three positions, the configuration of the pilot valve driving unit 75 is simplified, and the cost is reduced by realizing the pilot mechanism 70 at a low cost. Can be achieved.

(3-5)
The pilot valve 72 moves in a straight line to change the posture with respect to the second opening 77, the fourth opening 79, and the third opening 78, and switches the four-way switching valve 12 from the first state to the third state. It is configured. Since the pilot valve 72 only needs to move in a straight line in this way, the pilot valve driving unit 75 moves linearly in the pilot chamber 71a. For example, as in the above embodiment, the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 can be configured. Since the configuration of the pilot valve drive unit 75 is simplified, the four-way switching valve 12 can be easily configured at low cost.

(3-6)
The pilot valve drive unit 75 controls the positions of the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 in the pilot chamber 71a by the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 75c and moves them as shown in FIGS. For example, since the predetermined location in the pilot chamber 71a only needs to be set on the first plunger 73 side of the pilot valve 72, this predetermined location is regarded as the tip portion closest to the pilot valve 72 in the support member 75d. In a state where no current flows through the electromagnetic coil 75c, both the first spring 75a that pushes the first plunger 73 and the second spring 75b that pushes the second plunger 74 are extended (the first state shown in FIG. Example of control state), and the distance from the pilot valve 72 to the tip of the support member 75d is the longest. In a state where a relatively strong second current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 75c, both the first spring 75a pushing the first plunger 73 and the second spring 75b pushing the second plunger 74 are contracted, as shown in FIG. (Example of the third control state), and the distance from the pilot valve 72 to the tip of the support member 75d is the shortest. Further, in a state where a relatively weak first current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 75c, the first spring 75a that presses the first plunger 73 contracts, while the second spring 75b that presses the second plunger 74 extends, as shown in FIG. (The example of the second control state), and the distance from the pilot valve 72 to the tip of the support member 75d is intermediate between the first control state and the second control state. Thus, the configuration and control of the pilot valve drive unit 75 are simplified.

(4) Modification (4-1) Modification 1A
In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the pilot valve driving unit 75 for moving the pilot valve 72 on a straight line is moved by the first plunger 73 and the second plunger 74 has been described, but the pilot valve 72 is moved on a straight line. The configuration of the pilot valve drive unit is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which one first plunger 73 is urged by springs from both sides and is attracted to either one by electromagnets arranged on both sides, for example.

(4-2) Modification 1B
In the above embodiment, the case where the pilot valve 72 is moved using electromagnetic force has been described. However, the pilot valve 72 may be moved by physically pushing or pulling. Pressure, hydraulic pressure or other power sources can be used.

(4-3) Modification 1C
In the above embodiment, the mode in which the pilot valve 72 moves on a straight line has been described, but the movement of the pilot valve is not limited to a straight line. For example, the pilot valve may be moved on the circumference, and the second opening 77, the fourth opening 79, and the third opening 78 may be arranged on the circumference.

(4-4) Modification 1D
In the above embodiment, the first chamber 55 has a higher pressure than the second chamber 56 so that the pilot mechanism 70 is in the normal state, and the second chamber 56 is lower than the first chamber 55 in the opposite state. The pilot mechanism 70 is directly connected to the first port 12a as the refrigeration apparatus 10 configured to switch between the second state in which the pressure is high and the third state in which the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d communicate with each other. A first pilot pipe 81 that is connected, a fourth pilot pipe 84 that is directly connected to the fourth port 12d, and a pilot valve 72 that allows the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 to communicate with each other. Explained with an example.

  However, a first state in which the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber so that the pilot mechanism is in a normal state, and a second state in which the second chamber is set to a higher pressure than the first chamber in order to set the reverse state. The refrigeration apparatus configured to switch the third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other can be configured as a refrigeration apparatus 10A illustrated in FIG. 9, for example.

  That is, the refrigeration apparatus 10A shown in FIG. 9 includes a first refrigerant pipe 17 that connects the first port 12a of the four-way switching valve 12A and the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11, and the four-way switching valve 12A. And a second refrigerant pipe 18 connecting the fourth port 12d and the suction port 11b of the compressor 11. An accumulator 15 is provided in the middle of the second refrigerant pipe 18.

  The pilot mechanism 70A of the refrigeration apparatus 10A includes a first pilot pipe 85 connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17, a fourth pilot pipe 86 connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18, and the first pilot pipe 85 and the fourth pilot pipe 85. A pilot valve 72 for communicating with the pilot pipe 86 is provided.

  In FIG. 9, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 8 are the same as those shown in FIGS. For example, the refrigeration apparatus 10A of Modification 1D has the above embodiment except that the first pilot pipe 85 is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17 and the fourth pilot pipe 86 is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18. The refrigeration apparatus 10 has the same configuration. The pilot mechanism 70A of the refrigeration apparatus 10A also has the above-described embodiment except that the first pilot pipe 85 is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17 and the fourth pilot pipe 86 is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18. The refrigeration apparatus 10 has the same configuration as the pilot mechanism 70.

  The refrigeration apparatus 10A according to Modification 1D has the first port through the first pilot pipe 85 and the first refrigerant pipe 17 and the fourth pilot pipe 86 and the second refrigerant pipe 18 when the pilot mechanism 70A is in the state shown in FIG. A third state is established in which 12a communicates with the fourth port 12d. When the four-way switching valve 12A enters the third state, the refrigerant flows from the first port 12a to the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 85 and the fourth pilot pipe 86, and the flow connected to the first port 12a. The path and the flow path connected to the fourth port 12d are equalized. In the refrigeration apparatus 10A shown in FIG. 9, the first refrigerant pipe 17 which is a flow path (high pressure gas line) connected to the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 and the flow path connected to the suction port 11b ( The second refrigerant pipe 18 which is a low pressure gas line) can be equalized. Therefore, it is possible to equalize the pressure without providing the bypass valve 19 as in the prior art, and it is possible to add a pressure equalizing function to the refrigeration apparatus 10A at a low cost.

  Also in the refrigeration apparatus 10A of Modification 1D, the pilot valve 72 shown in FIG. 9 is moved to connect the first pilot pipe 85 and the second pilot pipe 82, and the third pilot pipe 83 and the fourth pilot are connected. The first state in which the first chamber is set to a pressure higher than that of the second chamber can be formed by communicating the pipe 86, and the pilot valve 72 is moved so that the first pilot pipe 85 and the third pilot pipe 83 are communicated with each other. By making the pilot pipe 82 and the fourth pilot pipe 86 communicate with each other, a second state can be formed in which the second chamber has a higher pressure than the first chamber.

(4-5) Modification 1E
In addition, a first state in which the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber in order for the pilot mechanism to be in a normal state, and a second state in which the second chamber is set to a pressure higher than that in the first chamber to be in a reverse state. The refrigeration apparatus configured to switch between the third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other can be configured as a refrigeration apparatus 10B illustrated in FIG. 10, for example.

  That is, the refrigeration apparatus 10B shown in FIG. 10 further includes a first refrigerant pipe 17 that connects the first port 12a of the four-way switching valve 12B and the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11.

  The pilot mechanism 70B of the refrigeration apparatus 10B includes a first pilot pipe 85 connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17, a fourth pilot pipe 84 connected to the fourth port 12d of the four-way switching valve 12B, and a first pilot. A pilot valve 72 for communicating the pipe 85 and the fourth pilot pipe 84 is provided.

  In FIG. 10, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 9 are the same as those shown in FIGS. For example, the refrigeration apparatus 10B of Modification 1E has the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 10 of the above embodiment, except that the first pilot pipe 85 is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17. Also, the pilot mechanism 70B of the refrigeration apparatus 10B has the same configuration as the pilot mechanism 70 of the refrigeration apparatus 10 of the above embodiment except that the first pilot pipe 85 is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 17. ing.

  The refrigeration apparatus 10B according to Modification 1E has the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 85, the first refrigerant pipe 17, and the fourth pilot pipe 84 when the pilot mechanism 70B is in the state shown in FIG. Is in a third state. When the four-way switching valve 12B enters the third state, the refrigerant flows from the first port 12a to the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 85 and the fourth pilot pipe 84, and the flow connected to the first port 12a. The path and the flow path connected to the fourth port 12d are equalized. In the refrigeration apparatus 10B shown in FIG. 10, the first refrigerant pipe 17 which is a flow path (high pressure gas line) connected to the discharge port 11a of the compressor 11 and the flow path connected to the suction port 11b ( The second refrigerant pipe 18 which is a low pressure gas line) can be equalized. Therefore, it is possible to equalize pressure without providing the bypass valve 19 as in the prior art, and it is possible to add a pressure equalizing function to the refrigeration apparatus 10B at low cost.

  Also in the refrigeration apparatus 10B of Modification 1E, the pilot valve 72 shown in FIG. 10 is moved to connect the first pilot pipe 85 and the second pilot pipe 82, and the third pilot pipe 83 and the fourth pilot are connected. By connecting the pipe 84, a first state can be formed in which the first chamber has a higher pressure than the second chamber, and the pilot valve 72 is moved so that the first pilot pipe 85 and the third pilot pipe 83 are in communication with each other. By connecting the pilot pipe 82 and the fourth pilot pipe 84, a second state can be formed in which the second chamber is at a higher pressure than the first chamber.

(4-6) Modification 1F
In addition, a first state in which the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber in order for the pilot mechanism to be in a normal state, and a second state in which the second chamber is set to a pressure higher than that in the first chamber to be in a reverse state. The refrigeration apparatus configured to switch between the third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other can be configured as a refrigeration apparatus 10C illustrated in FIG. 11, for example.

  That is, the refrigeration apparatus 10C shown in FIG. 11 further includes a second refrigerant pipe 18 that connects the fourth port 12d of the four-way switching valve 12C and the suction port 11b of the compressor 11. An accumulator 15 is provided in the middle of the second refrigerant pipe 18.

  The pilot mechanism 70C of the refrigeration apparatus 10C includes a first pilot pipe 81 connected to the first port 12a of the four-way switching valve 12C, a fourth pilot pipe 86 connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18, and a first pilot. A pilot valve 72 for communicating the pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 86 is provided.

  In FIG. 11, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are the same as those shown in FIGS. For example, the refrigeration apparatus 10C of Modification 1F has the same configuration as that of the refrigeration apparatus 10 of the above embodiment except that the fourth pilot pipe 86 is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18. Also, the pilot mechanism 70C of the refrigeration apparatus 10C has the same configuration as the pilot mechanism 70 of the refrigeration apparatus 10 of the above embodiment except that the fourth pilot pipe 86 is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 18. ing.

  The refrigeration apparatus 10C according to Modification 1F has the first port 12a and the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 81, the second refrigerant pipe 18, and the fourth pilot pipe 86 when the pilot mechanism 70C is in the state shown in FIG. Is in a third state. When the four-way switching valve 12C enters the third state, the refrigerant flows from the first port 12a to the fourth port 12d through the first pilot pipe 81 and the fourth pilot pipe 86, and the flow connected to the first port 12a. The path and the flow path connected to the fourth port 12d are equalized. In the refrigeration apparatus 10 </ b> C shown in FIG. 11, the first refrigerant pipe 17 that is a flow path (high pressure gas line) connected to the discharge port 11 a of the compressor 11 and the flow path connected to the suction port 11 b ( The second refrigerant pipe 18 which is a low pressure gas line) can be equalized. Therefore, it is possible to equalize pressure without providing the bypass valve 19 as in the prior art, and it is possible to add a pressure equalizing function to the refrigeration apparatus 10C at low cost.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C Refrigeration device 11 Compressor 12, 12A, 12B, 12C Four-way switching valve 13 Outdoor heat exchanger 16 Indoor heat exchanger 12a First port 12b Second port 12c Third port 12d Fourth port 17 First refrigerant pipe 18 Second refrigerant pipe 50 Four-way switching main body mechanism 52 Valve body 55 First chamber 56 Second chamber 70, 70A, 70B, 70C Pilot mechanism 71 Pilot body 71a Pilot chamber 72 Pilot valve 73 First plunger 74 First 2 Plunger 76 First opening 77 Second opening 78 Third opening 79 Fourth opening 81,85 First pilot pipe 82 Second pilot pipe 83 Third pilot pipe 84,86 Fourth pilot pipe

JP 2001-116384 A

Claims (11)

A valve body (52), a first chamber (55), and a second chamber (56) are provided, and the valve body is moved by a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first port (12a ) And the second port (12b) and the third port (12c) and the fourth port (12d) are connected in a positive state, the first port and the third port are connected and the second port is connected. And a four-way switching body mechanism (50) for switching between the reverse state connecting the fourth port and
A pilot mechanism (70) for generating a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber of the four-way switching main body mechanism;
The pilot mechanism has a first state in which the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber in order to enter the normal state, and a pressure higher than the first chamber in the reverse state. A four-way switching valve configured to switch between a second state to be switched and a third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other. The pilot mechanism includes a first pilot pipe (81) connected to the first port, a fourth pilot pipe (84) connected to the fourth port, and the first pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe. A pilot valve (72) for communicating
The four-way selector valve according to claim 1. The pilot mechanism further includes a second pilot pipe (82) connected to the first chamber and a third pilot pipe (83) connected to the second chamber, and in the first state, the pilot valve The first pilot pipe and the second pilot pipe are communicated with each other and the third pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe are communicated with each other. In the second state, the first pilot pipe and the third pilot pipe are connected by the pilot valve. Communicating the pilot pipe and the second pilot pipe and the fourth pilot pipe;
The four-way selector valve according to claim 2. The pilot mechanism is connected to the first opening (76) connected to the first pilot pipe, the second opening (77) connected to the second pilot pipe, and the third pilot pipe. A pilot chamber (71a) in which a third opening (78) and a fourth opening (79) connected to the fourth pilot pipe are formed, and a pilot valve drive (75) for driving the pilot valve ) And
When the pilot valve is moved to the first position by the pilot valve driving unit, the second opening is opened and the third opening and the fourth opening are communicated with each other to drive the pilot valve. The third opening is opened while being moved to the second position by the part, and the second opening and the fourth opening are communicated, and the pilot valve driving part is moved to the third position. Configured to open at least the fourth opening in a state,
The four-way selector valve according to claim 3. In the pilot mechanism, the first position, the second position, and the third position are arranged in a straight line, and the pilot valve drive unit moves the pilot valve in a straight line.
The four-way selector valve according to claim 4. The pilot valve drive unit includes a first plunger (73) fixed to the pilot valve and a second plunger (74) capable of adjusting a distance from a predetermined position of the pilot chamber, and the first plunger A first control state in which the distance from the pilot valve to the predetermined location is controlled by controlling the position of the second plunger, a third control state in which the distance from the pilot valve to the predetermined location is shortest, and the pilot A distance from the valve to the predetermined position is switched between the second control state between the first control state and the third control state to move the pilot valve from the first position to the third position;
The four-way selector valve according to claim 5. A valve body (52), a first chamber (55), and a second chamber (56) are provided, and the valve body is moved by a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first port (12a ) And the second port (12b) and the third port (12c) and the fourth port (12d) are connected in a positive state, the first port and the third port are connected and the second port is connected. And a four-way switching body mechanism (50) for switching between the reverse state connecting the fourth port and a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber of the four-way switching body mechanism A four-way switching valve (12, 12A, 12B, 12C) comprising a pilot mechanism (70, 70A, 70B, 70C);
A compressor (11) that discharges the compressed refrigerant through the first port and sucks in the refrigerant through the fourth port;
An outdoor heat exchanger (13) connected to the second port;
An indoor heat exchanger (16) connected to the third port;
With
The pilot mechanism has a first state in which the first chamber is set to a higher pressure than the second chamber in order to enter the normal state, and a pressure higher than the first chamber in the reverse state. A refrigeration apparatus configured to switch between a second state to be switched and a third state in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other. The pilot mechanism (70) includes a first pilot pipe (81) directly connected to the first port, a fourth pilot pipe (84) directly connected to the fourth port, and the first pilot pipe And a pilot valve (72) for communicating with the fourth pilot pipe,
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 7. A first refrigerant pipe (17) connecting the first port of the four-way switching valve (12A) and the discharge port (11a) of the compressor;
A second refrigerant pipe (18) connecting the fourth port of the four-way switching valve and the suction port (11b) of the compressor;
Further comprising
The pilot mechanism (70A) includes a first pilot pipe (85) connected to the first refrigerant pipe, a fourth pilot pipe (86) connected to the second refrigerant pipe, and the first pilot pipe. And a pilot valve (72) for communicating with the fourth pilot pipe,
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 7. A first refrigerant pipe (17) connecting the first port of the four-way switching valve (12B) and the discharge port (11a) of the compressor;
The pilot mechanism (70B), a first pilot pipe (85) connected to the first refrigerant pipe, a fourth pilot pipe (84) connected directly to the fourth port, and the first pilot pipe And a pilot valve (72) for communicating with the fourth pilot pipe,
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 7. A second refrigerant pipe (18) connecting the fourth port of the four-way switching valve (12C) and the suction port (11b) of the compressor;
The pilot mechanism (70C) includes a first pilot pipe (81) directly connected to the first port, a fourth pilot pipe (86) connected to the second refrigerant pipe, and the first pilot pipe. And a pilot valve (72) for communicating with the fourth pilot pipe,
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 7.

Images