JP5818497B2

JP5818497B2 - Directional switching valve

Info

Publication number: JP5818497B2
Application number: JP2011096406A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 裕介荒井; 神尾　猛; 猛神尾
Original assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Current assignee: Fujikoki Corp
Priority date: 2011-04-22
Filing date: 2011-04-22
Publication date: 2015-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-22
Also published as: JP2012225496A

Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプ式冷暖房システム等に使用するのに好適な方向切換弁に係り、特に、一つの流入口と二つの流出口とを有し、この二つの流出口を選択的に開閉可能な方向切換弁に関する。 The present invention relates to a directional switching valve suitable for use in a heat pump type air conditioning system and the like, and in particular, has one inflow port and two outflow ports, and the two outflow ports can be selectively opened and closed. The present invention relates to a direction switching valve.

カーエアコン等のヒートポンプ式冷暖房システムにおいて、圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配することが要求される場合があり、従来においては、例えば特許文献１（特に図２の電磁弁４及び１３参照）に見られるように、電磁弁（ＯＮ／ＯＦＦ弁）を２個用いる等して上記ニーズに応えるようにしている。 In a heat pump type air conditioning system such as a car air conditioner, it may be required to distribute refrigerant from a compressor to two heat exchangers at the same time. Conventionally, for example, Patent Document 1 (in particular, the electromagnetic valve 4 and FIG. 13), two electromagnetic valves (ON / OFF valves) are used to meet the above needs.

また、方向切換弁としては、一つの流入口と二つの流出口とを有し、ステッピングモータ等の回転駆動源で弁体を回動させる等して、二つの流出口を選択的に開閉することにより方向（流路）の切り換えを行うようにされた三方切換弁がよく知られている。 Moreover, as a direction switching valve, it has one inflow port and two outflow ports, and opens and closes two outflow ports selectively by rotating a valve body with rotation drive sources, such as a stepping motor. Thus, a three-way switching valve adapted to switch the direction (flow path) is well known.

特開平９−２９５５０６号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-295506

しかしながら、前記電磁弁を２個用いる手法では、圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配する際には２個の電磁弁を共に全開状態で維持する必要があり、そのため、２個の電磁弁に長時間継続して通電しなければならず、消費電力が大きくなる等の問題がある。 However, in the method using two solenoid valves, when the refrigerant from the compressor is distributed to two heat exchangers at the same time, it is necessary to keep the two solenoid valves fully open. There is a problem that the solenoid valve must be energized for a long time, resulting in increased power consumption.

また、ステッピングモータ等の回転駆動源で弁体を回動させる等して二つの流出口を選択的に開閉することにより方向（流路）の切り換えを行うようにされた従来の一般的な三方切換弁は、流路切り換えに比較的長時間を要するという課題の他、通常、二つの流出口を共に全開させることはできないため、上記ニーズ（圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配すること）には応えられず、仮にできたとしても、両流出口を共に全開するまでにステッピングモータ等の回転駆動源を相当長い時間回転させなければならないという問題がある。 In addition, conventional three-way switching is performed by selectively opening and closing the two outlets by rotating the valve body with a rotational drive source such as a stepping motor. In addition to the problem that the switching valve requires a relatively long time for the switching valve, the two outlets cannot normally be fully opened, so the above needs (the refrigerant from the compressor is distributed to the two heat exchangers at the same time) However, even if it can be made, there is a problem that a rotational drive source such as a stepping motor must be rotated for a considerably long time before both outlets are fully opened.

さらに、圧縮機からの冷媒を、同時にあるいは選択的に三つ以上の熱交換機に分配する際においても同様の問題がある。 Further, there is a similar problem when the refrigerant from the compressor is distributed simultaneously or selectively to three or more heat exchangers.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、二つ又は複数の流出口を選択的に開閉することができるとともに、二つ又は複数の流出口を共に全開にさせ得、かつ、流路切り換えの迅速化・省エネ化等を図ることのできる方向切換弁を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to selectively open and close two or a plurality of outlets, and to fully open both two or a plurality of outlets. Another object of the present invention is to provide a directional switching valve that can be used to speed up the flow path and save energy.

前記の目的を達成すべく、本発明に係る方向切換弁は、基本的には、流入口及び二つの流出口が設けられた弁本体と、前記流入口と二つの流出口との間に各々配設された二つの制御弁と、該二つの制御弁を開閉駆動するための単一の回転駆動源とを備え、前記回転駆動源と前記二つの制御弁との間に、前記二つの制御弁を相互に逆方向に開閉駆動するための、送り方向が逆の二つのねじ送り機構を持つ逆動装置が設けられており、前記二つの制御弁のうちの少なくとも一方はパイロット式の弁形態をとることを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, a directional switching valve according to the present invention basically includes a valve body provided with an inlet and two outlets, and a gap between the inlet and the two outlets. Two control valves arranged, and a single rotational drive source for opening and closing the two control valves, the two controls between the rotational drive source and the two control valves A reverse motion device having two screw feed mechanisms with opposite feed directions for driving the valves to open and close in opposite directions is provided, and at least one of the two control valves is a pilot type valve configuration It is characterized by taking .

好ましい態様では、前記逆動装置を特定状態で停止させることにより、前記二つの制御弁を共に全開にできるようにされる。 In a preferred embodiment, both the two control valves can be fully opened by stopping the reverse movement device in a specific state.

前記逆動装置は、好ましくは、左ねじからなる第１おねじ部材及び第１めねじ部材を有する第１ねじ送り機構と、右ねじからなる第２おねじ部材及び第２めねじ部材とを有する第２ねじ送り機構と、前記回転駆動源により回転駆動される直歯平歯車からなる駆動歯車と、前記第１おねじ部材に設けられ前記駆動歯車に噛合する第１従動歯車と、前記第２おねじ部材に設けられ前記駆動歯車に噛合する第２従動歯車とを有し、前記第１及び第２従動歯車は、それぞれ前記第１及び第２ねじ送り機構の推力により前記駆動歯車に噛合しながら軸方向に摺動するようにされる。 The reverse movement device preferably includes a first screw feed mechanism having a first male screw member and a first female screw member made of a left-hand screw, and a second male screw member and a second female screw member made of a right-hand screw. A second screw feed mechanism, a drive gear composed of a straight tooth spur gear that is rotationally driven by the rotational drive source, a first driven gear that is provided on the first male screw member and meshes with the drive gear, And a second driven gear that is provided on the male screw member and meshes with the drive gear, and the first and second driven gears mesh with the drive gear by the thrust of the first and second screw feed mechanisms, respectively. While sliding in the axial direction.

他の好ましい態様では、前記二つの制御弁のうちの少なくとも一方は直動式のニードル弁の態様をとるようにされる。 In another preferred embodiment, at least one of the two control valves takes the form of a direct acting needle valve.

前記パイロット式の弁形態をとる制御弁は、好ましくは、ピストン型の主弁体と、該主弁体が摺動自在に嵌挿されるとともに、該主弁体により背圧室と主弁室とに仕切られた嵌挿室と、前記背圧室の圧力を前記流出口へ逃がすためのパイロット通路と、前記パイロット通路を開閉するためのパイロット弁体と、を備え、前記パイロット弁体が前記ねじ送り機構のおねじ部材を構成するようにされる。 The control valve in the form of a pilot-type valve is preferably a piston-type main valve body, the main valve body is slidably inserted, and the main valve body has a back pressure chamber and a main valve chamber. A pilot passage for releasing the pressure of the back pressure chamber to the outlet, and a pilot valve body for opening and closing the pilot passage, wherein the pilot valve body is the screw. A male screw member of the feed mechanism is configured.

他の好ましい態様では、前記回転駆動源と前記逆動装置との間に減速機構が設けられる。
他の好ましい態様では、前記減速機構は不思議遊星歯車式減速機構とされる。 In another preferred embodiment, a speed reduction mechanism is provided between the rotation drive source and the reverse movement device.
In another preferred embodiment, the speed reduction mechanism is a mysterious planetary gear type speed reduction mechanism.

他の好ましい態様では、前記回転駆動源としてステッピングモータが用いられる。
他の好ましい態様では、前記回転駆動源としてステッピングモータが用いられ、前記不思議遊星歯車式減速機構は、前記ステッピングモータ内に付設される。 In another preferred embodiment, a stepping motor is used as the rotational drive source.
In another preferred aspect, a stepping motor is used as the rotational drive source, and the mysterious planetary gear type reduction mechanism is attached to the stepping motor.

また、本発明に係る方向切換弁は、複数の制御弁と、該複数の制御弁を駆動するための単一の回転駆動源とを備え、前記回転駆動源と前記複数の制御弁との間に、予め２つのグループに分けられた複数の制御弁を、グループ毎に相互に逆方向に駆動するための、送り方向が逆の２種のねじ送り機構を持つ逆動装置が設けられており、前記二つの制御弁のうちの少なくとも一方はパイロット式の弁形態をとることを特徴としている。 Further, the direction switching valve according to the present invention includes a plurality of control valves and a single rotation drive source for driving the plurality of control valves, and is provided between the rotation drive source and the plurality of control valves. to, in advance two of the plurality of control valves which are divided into groups, for driving in the opposite direction to each other for each group, the reversing device is provided with feed direction has two kinds of screw feed mechanism of reverse At least one of the two control valves has a pilot-type valve configuration .

本発明に係る方向切換弁の好ましい態様では、ステッピングモータ等の回転駆動源と二つの制御弁との間に、二つの制御弁を相互に逆方向に開閉駆動すべく、送り方向が逆の二つねじ送り機構を持つ逆動装置が設けられているので、回転駆動源の回転を例えば駆動歯車→従動歯車→ねじ送り機構→制御弁の弁体へと伝達することにより、二つの制御弁の弁体が相互に逆方向に移動する。これにより、二つの流出口を選択的に開閉できるとともに、逆動装置を特定状態、例えば二つの制御弁の弁体がねじ送り機構により原点位置から所定ピッチ分送られた状態、で停止させることにより、二つの制御弁（二つの流出口）を共に全開にすることができる。 In a preferred embodiment of the direction switching valve according to the present invention, two feed valves having opposite feed directions are driven between a rotary drive source such as a stepping motor and the two control valves so as to open and close the two control valves in opposite directions. Since a reverse drive device having a single screw feed mechanism is provided, the rotation of the rotary drive source is transmitted to, for example, the drive gear → the driven gear → the screw feed mechanism → the valve body of the control valve. The valve bodies move in opposite directions. As a result, the two outlets can be selectively opened and closed, and the reverse movement device is stopped in a specific state, for example, in a state where the valve bodies of the two control valves are fed by a predetermined pitch from the origin position by the screw feed mechanism. Thus, the two control valves (two outlets) can be fully opened together.

そのため、前述した如くの、圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配することが要求されるヒートポンプ式冷暖房システムに本発明の方向切換弁を２個の電磁弁に代えて用いることができる。この場合、本発明の方向切換弁では、二つの流出口を共に全開にした後は、通電せずとも全開状態が維持されるので、２個の電磁弁を用いる場合に比して省エネ化等が図られる。 Therefore, the directional control valve of the present invention can be used in place of the two solenoid valves in a heat pump type air conditioning system that requires the refrigerant from the compressor to be simultaneously distributed to the two heat exchangers as described above. . In this case, in the direction switching valve of the present invention, after the two outlets are fully opened, the fully opened state is maintained without energization. Is planned.

また、制御弁としてパイロット式の弁形態をとるものを採用することにより、小さな駆動力で大口径の流出口を開閉することができる上、二つの制御弁（流出口）を開くには、パイロット弁体を少しだけリフトさせればよいので、回転駆動源として比較的小型（小出力）のステッピングモータ（＋遊星歯車式減速機構）を用いても、従来型の三方切換弁等に比して、流路切り換えを迅速に行うことができ、流路切り換え応答性が向上する。 In addition, by adopting a pilot type valve as the control valve, it is possible to open and close the large-diameter outlet with a small driving force, and to open the two control valves (outlet), the pilot Even if a relatively small (small output) stepping motor (+ planetary gear type reduction mechanism) is used as the rotational drive source, the valve body only needs to be lifted slightly. Compared to conventional three-way switching valves, etc. The flow path can be switched quickly, and the flow path responsiveness is improved.

さらに、本発明に係る方向切換弁では、二つのグループに分けられた複数の制御弁の弁体が各グループ毎に相互に逆方向に移動するので、複数の制御弁を選択的に開閉できるとともに、各制御弁を全開とすることもできる。 Furthermore, in the directional control valve according to the present invention, the valve bodies of the plurality of control valves divided into two groups move in opposite directions for each group, so that the plurality of control valves can be selectively opened and closed. Each control valve can be fully opened.

本発明に係る方向切換弁の一実施形態（第１実施例）の動作状態（第１流出口全開、第２流出口全閉）を示す縦断面図。The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the operation state (1st outflow port full open, 2nd outflow port full close) of one Embodiment (1st Example) of the direction switching valve which concerns on this invention. 第１実施例の動作状態（第１流出口全閉、第２流出口全開）を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the operation state (1st outflow port fully closed, 2nd outflow port full open) of 1st Example. 第１実施例の動作状態（第１流出口及び第２流出口が共に全開）を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the operation state (A 1st outflow port and a 2nd outflow port are both fully open) of 1st Example. 本発明に係る方向切換弁の第２実施例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows 2nd Example of the direction switching valve which concerns on this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１、図２、図３は、本発明に係る方向切換弁の一実施形態（第１実施例）の異なる動作状態を示す縦断面図である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1, 2 and 3 are longitudinal sectional views showing different operating states of an embodiment (first example) of the direction switching valve according to the present invention.

図示第１実施例の方向切換弁１は、例えば、圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配することが要求されるカーエアコン等のヒートポンプ式冷暖房システムにおいて前述した２個の電磁弁に代えて用いられるもので、流入口１０と二つの流出口（第１流出口１１及び第２流出口１２）を有する弁本体２と、回転駆動源としてのステッピングモータ１５とを備えている。 The direction switching valve 1 of the first embodiment shown in the drawing is, for example, the two solenoid valves described above in a heat pump type air conditioning system such as a car air conditioner that is required to simultaneously distribute refrigerant from a compressor to two heat exchangers. The valve body 2 having an inlet 10 and two outlets (first outlet 11 and second outlet 12) and a stepping motor 15 as a rotational drive source are used instead.

弁本体２は、有底円筒状のモータ取付部２Ａと該穴付き円柱状の基体部２Ｂとからなり、モータ取付部２Ａには、ステッピングモータ１５が取り付けられている。このステッピングモータ１５は、モータ取付部２Ａに螺合固定された断面凸字状外形を有する基台部４１と、該基台部４１に圧入固定された円筒状の保持案内部材４２と、前記基台部４１にその下端部が溶接接合された冷媒密封用のキャン１８と、このキャン１８の内周側に配在されたロータ１６と、キャン１８の外周に外嵌されたステータコイル１７とを有し、ステータコイル１７とロータ１６との間には、エアギャップαが形成されている。該モータ１５内には、不思議遊星歯車式減速機構４０が付設され、モータ１５の出力軸４３（不思議遊星歯車式減速機構４０の出力軸）の回転が中央挿通穴４１ａ内で連接された連接回転軸４５に伝達されるようになっている。なお、本例では遊星歯車式減速機構４０により、ロータ１６の回転を１／４５程度に減速して出力するようになっている。 The valve body 2 includes a bottomed cylindrical motor mounting portion 2A and a cylindrical base portion 2B with a hole, and a stepping motor 15 is mounted on the motor mounting portion 2A. The stepping motor 15 includes a base portion 41 having a convex cross-sectional outer shape that is screwed and fixed to the motor mounting portion 2A, a cylindrical holding guide member 42 that is press-fitted and fixed to the base portion 41, and the base portion. A refrigerant sealing can 18 whose lower end is welded to the base portion 41, a rotor 16 disposed on the inner peripheral side of the can 18, and a stator coil 17 fitted on the outer periphery of the can 18. An air gap α is formed between the stator coil 17 and the rotor 16. The motor 15 is provided with a mysterious planetary gear type reduction mechanism 40, and the rotation of the output shaft 43 of the motor 15 (the output shaft of the mysterious planetary gear type reduction mechanism 40) is connected in the central insertion hole 41a. It is transmitted to the shaft 45. In this example, the planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 40 reduces the rotation of the rotor 16 to about 1/45 and outputs it.

連接回転軸４５は、モータ取付部２Ａの下部円筒部４１ｂ内を通り、その下端部がモータ取付部２Ａの底部２ｂ中央に設けられたピボット穴５３に支持されるとともに、その外周には直歯平歯車からなる駆動歯車５０が一体に固定されている（連接回転軸４５は駆動歯車５０の軸部となっている）。駆動歯車５０は、モータ取付部２Ａの底部２ｂ上に摺動回転自在に乗せられている。 The articulated rotating shaft 45 passes through the lower cylindrical portion 41b of the motor mounting portion 2A, and the lower end portion thereof is supported by a pivot hole 53 provided at the center of the bottom portion 2b of the motor mounting portion 2A. A drive gear 50 made of a spur gear is fixed integrally (the articulation rotating shaft 45 is a shaft portion of the drive gear 50). The drive gear 50 is slidably rotated on the bottom 2b of the motor mounting portion 2A.

弁本体２の基体部２Ｂには、上下に貫通する段付き縦穴４が左右に並設されている。図３において左側の縦穴４には、第１制御弁２１が配在されるとともに、その下部に弁座１１ａ付きの第１流出口１１が設けられた弁座部材５が螺合固定され、右側の縦穴４には、第２制御弁２２が配在されるとともに、その下部に弁座１２ａ付きの第２流出口１２が設けられた弁座部材５が螺合固定されている。また、基体部２Ｂの正面側（図の手前側）には、横穴状の流入口１０が前記左右の縦穴４に共に連なるように設けられている。 In the base body portion 2B of the valve body 2, stepped vertical holes 4 penetrating vertically are arranged side by side. In FIG. 3, a first control valve 21 is disposed in the left vertical hole 4, and a valve seat member 5 provided with a first outlet 11 with a valve seat 11 a at a lower portion thereof is screwed and fixed. A second control valve 22 is disposed in the vertical hole 4, and a valve seat member 5 having a second outlet 12 with a valve seat 12 a provided at a lower portion thereof is screwed and fixed. Further, on the front side (front side in the figure) of the base body 2B, a horizontal hole-shaped inlet 10 is provided so as to be connected to the left and right vertical holes 4 together.

第１制御弁２１と第２制御弁２２は、基本構成は同じで、それぞれパイロット式の弁形態をとる。以下、第１制御弁２１の方を主体に（代表して）説明する。第１制御弁２１（２２）は、ピストン型の主弁体２３と、該主弁体２３が摺動自在に嵌挿されるとともに、該主弁体２３により背圧室２６と主弁室２５とに仕切られた嵌挿室２４と、前記背圧室２６の圧力を前記流出口１１（１２）へ逃がすためのパイロット通路２７と、前記パイロット通路２７を開閉するためのパイロット弁体３１（３２）と、を備えている。 The first control valve 21 and the second control valve 22 have the same basic configuration and each take a pilot type valve configuration. Hereinafter, the first control valve 21 will be described mainly (representatively). The first control valve 21 (22) includes a piston-type main valve body 23, and the main valve body 23 is slidably inserted. The main valve body 23 allows the back pressure chamber 26 and the main valve chamber 25 to A pilot passage 27 for releasing the pressure of the back pressure chamber 26 to the outlet 11 (12), and a pilot valve body 31 (32) for opening and closing the pilot passage 27 And.

より詳細には、前記嵌挿室２４の上部には、主弁体２３（の上部大径部２３ａ）が摺動自在に嵌挿されるスリーブ２４ｓが内嵌固定され、嵌挿室２４における主弁体２３より上側に背圧室２６が形成され、主弁体２３より下側に主弁室２５が形成されている。主弁体２３は、上部大径部２３ａと、中間小径部２３ｂと、弁体部２３ｃとを有し、弁体部２３ｃの下面側には、弁座１１ａ（１２ａ）に離接して流入口１１（１２）を開閉する、ゴムあるいはテフロン（登録商標）等からなる円環状のシール材２３ｄが例えばかしめ固定されている。また、主弁体２３の大径部２３ａの上端外周部には、嵌挿室２４の天井面に接当して主弁体２３の最大リフト位置を定める円環状凸部２３ｓが突設され、さらに、大径部２３ａの外周にはシール材（ピストンリング）２３ｆが装着されている。また、主弁体２３を上方（開弁方向）に付勢すべく、上部大径部２３ａと弁座１１ａ（１２ａ）外周部との間には、圧縮コイルばねからなる開弁ばね２８が縮装されている。 More specifically, a sleeve 24s into which the main valve element 23 (the upper large diameter portion 23a) is slidably inserted is fitted and fixed to the upper portion of the insertion chamber 24, and the main valve in the insertion chamber 24 is fixed. A back pressure chamber 26 is formed above the body 23, and a main valve chamber 25 is formed below the main valve body 23. The main valve body 23 includes an upper large-diameter portion 23a, an intermediate small-diameter portion 23b, and a valve body portion 23c. The lower surface of the valve body portion 23c is separated from and in contact with the valve seat 11a (12a). An annular sealing material 23d made of rubber, Teflon (registered trademark) or the like that opens and closes 11 (12) is fixed by caulking, for example. In addition, an annular convex portion 23s that protrudes from the upper end outer peripheral portion of the large-diameter portion 23a of the main valve body 23 to contact the ceiling surface of the insertion chamber 24 and determines the maximum lift position of the main valve body 23 is provided. Further, a sealing material (piston ring) 23f is mounted on the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 23a. In order to urge the main valve body 23 upward (in the valve opening direction), a valve opening spring 28 formed of a compression coil spring is compressed between the upper large diameter portion 23a and the outer periphery of the valve seat 11a (12a). It is disguised.

一方、主弁体２３の中央部には、背圧室２６の圧力を流出口１１（１２）へ逃がすための弁座２７ａ付きパイロット通路２７が貫設されており、このパイロット通路２７を開閉すべくその弁座２７ａに離接するようにパイロット弁体３１（３２）が配在されている。 On the other hand, a pilot passage 27 with a valve seat 27a for allowing the pressure in the back pressure chamber 26 to escape to the outflow port 11 (12) is provided in the center of the main valve body 23. The pilot passage 27 is opened and closed. Therefore, the pilot valve body 31 (32) is arranged so as to be in contact with and away from the valve seat 27a.

パイロット弁体３１（３２）は、弁座２７ａに離接してパイロット通路２７を開閉する、ゴムあるいはテフロン（登録商標）等からなる円形状のシール材３０ｄがその下面にかしめ固定された弁体部３０ａと、弁棒部３０ｂと、上端小径軸部３０ｃとを有する。 The pilot valve body 31 (32) is a valve body portion in which a circular sealing material 30d made of rubber or Teflon (registered trademark) or the like that opens and closes the pilot passage 27 by being connected to the valve seat 27a is caulked and fixed to the lower surface thereof. 30a, a valve stem portion 30b, and an upper end small diameter shaft portion 30c.

そして、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１における弁棒部３０ｂには、左ねじからなるおねじ部（以下、左おねじ部３１ｅと称する）が設けられており、この左おねじ部３１ｅは、左側の縦穴４の小径段付き上縦穴部４ａに圧入等により固着された固定ナット部材３３の左ねじからなるめねじ部（以下、左めねじ部３３ｉと称する）に螺合せしめられている。本実施例では、上記左おねじ部３１ｅが設けられたパイロット弁体３１と左めねじ部３３ｉが設けられた固定ナット部材３３とで、左回り（反時計回り）に回転させると下方に移動し、右回り（時計回り）に回転させると上方に移動する左ねじ送り機構５５が構成されている。 The valve rod portion 30b of the pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21 is provided with a male screw portion (hereinafter, referred to as a left male screw portion 31e) formed of a left screw, and this left male screw portion 31e. Is screwed into a female screw portion (hereinafter referred to as a left female screw portion 33i) consisting of a left screw of a fixing nut member 33 fixed to the left vertical hole 4 by a press fit or the like in the small vertical stepped upper vertical hole portion 4a. Yes. In this embodiment, the pilot valve body 31 provided with the left male thread portion 31e and the fixing nut member 33 provided with the left female thread portion 33i move downward when rotated counterclockwise (counterclockwise). A left screw feed mechanism 55 is configured to move upward when rotated clockwise (clockwise).

また、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１の上端小径軸部３０ｃには、前記駆動歯車５０に噛合する直歯平歯車からなる第１従動歯車５１が一体に固定されている。 A first driven gear 51 made of a straight tooth spur gear meshing with the drive gear 50 is integrally fixed to the upper end small diameter shaft portion 30 c of the pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21.

一方、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２における弁棒部３０ｂには、右ねじからなるおねじ部（以下、右おねじ部３２ｅと称する）が設けられており、この右おねじ部３２ｅは、右側の縦穴４の小径段付き上縦穴部４ａに圧入等により固着された固定ナット部材３４の左ねじからなるめねじ部（以下、左めねじ部３４ｉと称する）に螺合せしめられている。本実施例では、上記左おねじ部３２ｅが設けられたパイロット弁体３２と左めねじ部３４ｉが設けられた固定ナット部材３４とで、右回り（時計回り）に回転させると下方に移動し、左回り（反時計回り）に回転させると上方に移動する、前記左ねじ送り機構５５とは送り方向が逆の右ねじ送り機構５６が構成されている。 On the other hand, the valve rod portion 30b of the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22 is provided with a male screw portion (hereinafter, referred to as a right male screw portion 32e), and this right male screw portion 32e. Are screwed into a female thread portion (hereinafter referred to as a left female thread portion 34i) consisting of a left-hand thread of a fixing nut member 34 fixed to the upper vertical hole portion 4a with a small diameter step of the right vertical hole 4 by press fitting or the like. Yes. In this embodiment, when the pilot valve body 32 provided with the left male screw portion 32e and the fixing nut member 34 provided with the left female screw portion 34i are rotated clockwise (clockwise), they move downward. Rotating counterclockwise (counterclockwise) constitutes a right screw feed mechanism 56 that moves upward when the feed direction is opposite to the left screw feed mechanism 55.

また、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２の上端小径軸部３０ｃには、前記駆動歯車５０に噛合する直歯平歯車からなる第２従動歯車５２が一体に固定されている。 A second driven gear 52 formed of a straight tooth spur gear meshing with the drive gear 50 is integrally fixed to the upper end small diameter shaft portion 30 c of the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22.

したがって、本実施例では、前記左ねじ送り機構５５と、右ねじ送り機構５６と、駆動歯車５０と、第１従動歯車５１と、第２従動歯車５２とで逆動装置が構成され、第１及び第２従動歯車５１、５２は、それぞれ前記第１及び第２ねじ送り機構５５、５６のねじ送り推力により駆動歯車５０に噛合しながら軸方向に摺動する。 Therefore, in this embodiment, the left screw feed mechanism 55, the right screw feed mechanism 56, the drive gear 50, the first driven gear 51, and the second driven gear 52 constitute a reverse device, and the first The second driven gears 51 and 52 slide in the axial direction while meshing with the drive gear 50 by the screw feed thrusts of the first and second screw feed mechanisms 55 and 56, respectively.

また、本実施例の方向切換弁１では、第１制御弁２１及び第１制御弁２２の主弁室２５-２５間に流入口１０が形成されており、流入口１０は第１制御弁２１及び第１制御弁２２の主弁室２５、２５にそれぞれ連通するとともに、パイロット通路２７、２７（二つのうちの一方は必ず開いている）やねじ送り機構５５、５６のおねじ-めねじ間隙等を介して上縦穴部４ａやモータ取付部２Ａの下部円筒部４１ｂ内にも連通しており、したがって、流入口１０、左右の両主弁室２５、２５、上縦穴部４ａ、4ａや下部円筒部４１ｂ内等は、高圧（等圧）の冷媒が充満することになる。 Further, in the direction switching valve 1 of the present embodiment, the inlet 10 is formed between the main valve chambers 25-25 of the first control valve 21 and the first control valve 22, and the inlet 10 is the first control valve 21. And the first control valve 22 communicate with the main valve chambers 25, 25, respectively, and the pilot passages 27, 27 (one of the two must be open) and the screw feed mechanisms 55, 56 have a female screw-female screw gap. The upper vertical hole 4a and the lower cylindrical portion 41b of the motor mounting portion 2A are also communicated with each other through the like, so that the inlet 10, the left and right main valve chambers 25, 25, the upper vertical hole 4a, 4a and the lower The inside of the cylindrical portion 41b and the like is filled with a high-pressure (isobaric) refrigerant.

また、それぞれパイロット式の弁形態をとる第１制御弁２１及び第１制御弁２２において、主弁室２５の圧力をＰ１、背圧室２６の圧力をＰ２、流出口１１、１２の圧力をＰ３、背圧室２６の水平断面積（主弁体２３の受圧面積）をＡｐ、流出口１１、１２の水平断面積をＡv、開弁ばね２８の付勢力をＰｆとし、主弁体２３を押し上げる力を開弁力、主弁体２３を押し下げる力を閉弁力とすれば、第１制御弁２１及び第１制御弁２２の開弁条件は、
閉弁力＝Ｐ２×Ａｐ＜開弁力＝Ｐ１×（Ａｐ-Ａv）＋Ｐ３×Ａv＋Ｐｆ
となる。 Further, in the first control valve 21 and the first control valve 22 each taking a pilot type valve configuration, the pressure of the main valve chamber 25 is P1, the pressure of the back pressure chamber 26 is P2, and the pressure of the outlets 11 and 12 is P3. The horizontal cross-sectional area of the back pressure chamber 26 (pressure receiving area of the main valve body 23) is Ap, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the outlets 11 and 12 is Av, the urging force of the valve opening spring 28 is Pf, and the main valve body 23 is pushed up. If the force is the valve opening force and the force that pushes down the main valve body 23 is the valve closing force, the valve opening conditions of the first control valve 21 and the first control valve 22 are:
Valve closing force = P2 x Ap <valve opening force = P1 x (Ap-Av) + P3 x Av + Pf
It becomes.

このような構成とされた方向切換弁１においては、モータ１５に所定態様で通電して駆動歯車５０を例えば反時計回りに回転させると、従動歯車５１、５２は時計回りに回転しながら軸方向（上下方向）に摺動し、これにより、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１は左ねじ送り機構５５のねじ送りにより上方に移動し、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２は右ねじ送り機構５６により下方に移動する。 In the direction switching valve 1 configured as described above, when the motor 15 is energized in a predetermined manner to rotate the drive gear 50, for example, counterclockwise, the driven gears 51 and 52 rotate in the axial direction while rotating clockwise. The pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21 moves upward by the screw feed of the left screw feed mechanism 55, and the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22 moves to the right screw. The feed mechanism 56 moves downward.

いま、図１に示される如くに、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１が最上昇位置まで引き上げられてパイロット通路２７を開き、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２がパイロット通路２７を閉じて、第１制御弁２１（第１流出口１１）が全開の状態（この状態では、流入口１０からの冷媒は第２流出口１２へのみ流れる）とすると、この状態から、モータ５０に所定態様で通電して駆動歯車５０を所定角度時計回りに回転させると、図２に示される如くに、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１は左ねじ送り機構５５のねじ送りにより最下降位置まで移動してパイロット通路２７を閉じ、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２は右ねじ送り機構５６により最上昇位置へ移動してパイロット通路２７を開く。これにより、第２制御弁２２においては［閉弁力＜開弁力］となり、主弁体２３は、その円環状凸部２３ｓが天井ストッパ部３５ｓに接当する最大リフト位置まで上昇し、第２流出口１２が全開となる。それに対し、第１制御弁２１においては、［閉弁力＞開弁力］となり、主弁体２３は第１流出口１１を閉じる。そのため、この状態では、流入口１０からの冷媒は第２流出口１２へのみ流れる。なお、主弁体２３は、［閉弁力＞開弁力］となる以前に、パイロット弁体３１の押圧により弁座１１ａに着座されることもできる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21 is pulled up to the highest position to open the pilot passage 27, and the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22 closes the pilot passage 27. When the first control valve 21 (first outlet 11) is fully opened (in this state, the refrigerant from the inlet 10 flows only to the second outlet 12), the motor 50 is predetermined from this state. When the drive gear 50 is rotated clockwise by a predetermined angle by energizing in this manner, the pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21 is brought to the lowest position by the screw feed of the left screw feed mechanism 55 as shown in FIG. The pilot passage 27 is closed by moving, and the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22 is moved to the highest position by the right screw feed mechanism 56 to open the pilot passage 27. As a result, the second control valve 22 becomes [valve closing force <valve opening force], and the main valve body 23 rises to the maximum lift position where the annular convex portion 23s comes into contact with the ceiling stopper portion 35s. The two outlets 12 are fully opened. On the other hand, in the first control valve 21, [valve closing force> valve opening force], and the main valve body 23 closes the first outlet 11. Therefore, in this state, the refrigerant from the inlet 10 flows only to the second outlet 12. The main valve body 23 can also be seated on the valve seat 11a by pressing of the pilot valve body 31 before [valve closing force> valve opening force].

次に、上記パイロット弁体３２が最上昇位置にある状態（第２流出口１２のみが開いている状態）から、モータ５０に所定態様で通電して駆動歯車５０を前記所定角度の半分程度反時計回りに回転させると、第１制御弁２１のパイロット弁体３１は左ねじ送り機構５５のねじ送りにより上方に前記した開閉動作時の半分程度移動し、第２制御弁２２のパイロット弁体３２は右ねじ送り機構５６により下方に前記した開閉動作時の半分程度移動し、両パイロット弁体３１、３２の高さ位置が略同じとなり、両パイロット通路２７が開かれた状態となる。そのため、このときは、第１制御弁２１、第２制御弁２２が共に全開とされ、流入口１０からの冷媒は第１流入口１１及び第２流出口１２の両方へ流れる。 Next, from the state where the pilot valve body 32 is at the highest position (the state where only the second outlet 12 is open), the motor 50 is energized in a predetermined manner, and the drive gear 50 is made approximately half the predetermined angle. When rotated clockwise, the pilot valve body 31 of the first control valve 21 is moved upward by about half of the above-described opening / closing operation by the screw feed of the left screw feed mechanism 55, and the pilot valve body 32 of the second control valve 22. Is moved downward by about half of that during the opening / closing operation described above by the right screw feed mechanism 56, the height positions of both pilot valve bodies 31, 32 become substantially the same, and both pilot passages 27 are opened. Therefore, at this time, both the first control valve 21 and the second control valve 22 are fully opened, and the refrigerant from the inlet 10 flows to both the first inlet 11 and the second outlet 12.

なお、前記した開閉動作終了後、モータ１５への通電は停止されるが、二つの制御弁２１、２２は上記状態を維持する。 In addition, although energization to the motor 15 is stopped after the above opening / closing operation is completed, the two control valves 21 and 22 maintain the above-described state.

以上のように、本実施例の方向切換弁１においては、ステッピングモータ１５と二つの制御弁２１、２２との間に、二つの制御弁２１、２２を相互に逆方向に開閉駆動すべく、送り方向が逆の二つねじ送り機構５５、５６を持つ逆動装置が設けられているので、二つの制御弁２１、２２のパイロット弁体３１、３２を相互に逆方向に移動させることができ、これにより、二つの流出口１１、１２を選択的に開閉できるとともに、二つのねじ送り機構５５、５６を特定状態で停止させることにより、二つの制御弁２１、２２（二つの流出口１１、１２）を共に全開にすることができる。 As described above, in the direction switching valve 1 of the present embodiment, between the stepping motor 15 and the two control valves 21 and 22, the two control valves 21 and 22 are driven to open and close in opposite directions. Since the reverse movement device having the two screw feed mechanisms 55 and 56 having the opposite feed directions is provided, the pilot valve bodies 31 and 32 of the two control valves 21 and 22 can be moved in the opposite directions. Thus, the two outlets 11 and 12 can be selectively opened and closed, and the two screw feed mechanisms 55 and 56 are stopped in a specific state, whereby the two control valves 21 and 22 (the two outlets 11 and 12 12) can be fully opened together.

そのため、前述した如くの、圧縮機からの冷媒を同時に二つの熱交換機に分配することが要求されるヒートポンプ式冷暖房システムに本実施形態の方向切換弁１を２個の電磁弁に代えて用いることができる。この場合、本実施形態の方向切換弁１では、二つの流出口１１、１２を共に全開にした後は、通電せずとも全開状態が維持されるので、２個の電磁弁を用いる場合に比して省エネ化等が図られる。 Therefore, as described above, the direction switching valve 1 of this embodiment is used in place of the two solenoid valves in the heat pump type air conditioning system that requires the refrigerant from the compressor to be simultaneously distributed to the two heat exchangers. Can do. In this case, in the direction switching valve 1 of the present embodiment, after the two outlets 11 and 12 are both fully opened, the fully opened state is maintained without energization. Therefore, compared to the case where two solenoid valves are used. Energy saving and so on.

また、制御弁としてパイロット式の弁形態をとるものを採用することにより、小さな駆動力で大口径の流出口を開閉することができる上、二つの制御弁２１、２２（流出口１１、１２）を開くには、パイロット弁体３１、３２を少しだけリフトさせればよいので、回転駆動源として比較的小型（小出力）のステッピングモータ（１５＋遊星歯車式減速機構４０）を用いても、従来型の三方切換弁等に比して、流路切り換えを迅速に行うことができ、流路切り換え応答性が向上する。 In addition, by adopting a pilot valve as the control valve, the large outlet can be opened and closed with a small driving force, and the two control valves 21 and 22 (outlets 11 and 12). Since the pilot valve bodies 31 and 32 need only be lifted slightly to open the valve, even if a relatively small (small output) stepping motor (15+ planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 40) is used as a rotational drive source, Compared with a three-way switching valve or the like, the flow path can be switched quickly, and the flow path switching response is improved.

なお、本発明に係る方向切換弁は、上記した第１実施例の方向切換弁１の構成に限られないことは勿論であり、様々な変更を加えることができる。 The direction switching valve according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the direction switching valve 1 of the first embodiment described above, and various changes can be made.

例えば、上記第１実施例では、二つの制御弁２１、２２は共にパイロット式の弁形態をとるものであったが、図４に示される第２実施例の方向切換弁１’のように、二つの制御弁２１’、２２’としてニードル弁体３１’、３２’を持つ直動型のものを採用し、小口径の流出口１１’、１２’を開閉するようにしてもよく、この場合も二つの制御弁２１’、２２’（二つの流出口１１’、１２’）を共に全開にすることができ、第１実施例と同様な効果を奏する。 For example, in the first embodiment, the two control valves 21 and 22 are both pilot-type valves, but like the direction switching valve 1 ′ of the second embodiment shown in FIG. As the two control valves 21 ′ and 22 ′, a direct acting type having needle valve bodies 31 ′ and 32 ′ may be adopted, and the small-diameter outlets 11 ′ and 12 ′ may be opened and closed. The two control valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ (two outlets 11 ′ and 12 ′) can be fully opened, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

また、一つの電動弁にパイロット式制御弁（第１実施例）と直動型のニードル弁（第２実施例）を混在させて設けても良い。 Further, a pilot-type control valve (first embodiment) and a direct acting needle valve (second embodiment) may be provided in a single motor-operated valve.

さらに、左ねじ送り機構及び右ねじ送り機構の昇降又は回転により駆動されるものであれば、各ねじ送り機構により駆動される弁の形態は、上記の第１及び第２実施例以外のいかなる形態の弁であっても良い。すなわち、例えば回転することにより流路を切り換えるボール弁等のロータリー弁を、該ロータリー弁が昇降することなく左ねじ送り機構及び／あるいは右ねじ送り機構と連結するようにしても良い。例えば、左ねじ送り機構及び／あるいは右ねじ送り機構の先端（雄ねじ部の先端）とロータリー弁との一方に、該ロータリー弁の回転中心軸方向に突出する横断面矩形の凸部を設け、その他方に、前記凸部に係合する凹部を設ければ、ねじ送り機構の回転がロータリー弁に伝達される際、前記凸部又は凹部が該ロータリー弁の中心軸方向に摺動して、ねじ送り機構の回転のみがロータリー弁に伝達され、ロータリー弁はその昇降が防止される。 Furthermore, as long as it is driven by raising or lowering or rotating the left screw feed mechanism and the right screw feed mechanism, the form of the valve driven by each screw feed mechanism is any form other than the first and second embodiments described above. It may be a valve. That is, for example, a rotary valve such as a ball valve that switches the flow path by rotating may be connected to the left screw feed mechanism and / or the right screw feed mechanism without the rotary valve moving up and down. For example, one of the left screw feed mechanism and / or the right screw feed mechanism tip (the tip of the male screw portion) and the rotary valve is provided with a convex portion having a rectangular cross section that protrudes in the direction of the rotation center axis of the rotary valve. On the other hand, if a concave portion that engages with the convex portion is provided, when the rotation of the screw feed mechanism is transmitted to the rotary valve, the convex portion or the concave portion slides in the central axis direction of the rotary valve, and the screw Only the rotation of the feed mechanism is transmitted to the rotary valve, and the rotary valve is prevented from moving up and down.

さらにまた、前述の説明においては、駆動歯車５０には、２つの従動歯車（第１従動歯車５１及び第２従動歯車５２）が歯合し、２つのねじ送り機構（左及び右送りねじ機構５５、５６）を介して２つの制御弁が駆動されるものとしたが、本発明はこれのみに限定されることはなく、３つ以上の複数の制御弁を複数の左及び右ねじ送り機構を用いて駆動制御することも可能である。すなわち、複数の制御弁を予め２つのグループに分けておき、一方のグループの各制御弁の駆動には個別に左ねじ送り機構を用い、また他方のグループの各制御弁の駆動には個別に右ねじ送り機構を用い、そして各ねじ送り機構の従動歯車を駆動歯車５０に歯合させても良い。この場合、各ねじ送り機構は、駆動歯車５０の回転軸を中心とする円の周上に配置される。 Furthermore, in the above description, the driven gear 50 has two driven gears (first driven gear 51 and second driven gear 52) meshed with each other, and two screw feed mechanisms (left and right feed screw mechanisms 55). , 56), the two control valves are driven. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more control valves are connected to a plurality of left and right screw feed mechanisms. It is also possible to use and control the drive. That is, a plurality of control valves are divided into two groups in advance, and a left-handed screw feed mechanism is used individually for driving each control valve in one group, and individually for driving each control valve in the other group. A right screw feed mechanism may be used, and the driven gear of each screw feed mechanism may be engaged with the drive gear 50. In this case, each screw feed mechanism is arranged on the circumference of a circle centered on the rotation axis of the drive gear 50.

１方向切換弁
２弁本体
１０流入口
１１第１流出口
１２第２流出口
１５ステッピングモータ
２１第１制御弁
２２第２制御弁
２３主弁体
２４嵌挿室
２５主弁室
２６背圧室
２７パイロット通路
２８開弁ばね
３１パイロット弁体
３１ｅ左おねじ部
３２パイロット弁体
３２ｅ右おねじ部
３３固定ナット部材
３３ｉ左めねじ部
３４固定ナット部材
３４ｉ右めねじ部
４０遊星歯車式減速機構
４３出力軸
４５連結回転軸
５０駆動歯車
５１第１従動歯車
５２第２従動歯車
５５左ねじ送り機構
５６右ねじ送り機構 1 direction switching valve 2 valve body 10 inlet 11 first outlet 12 second outlet 15 stepping motor 21 first control valve 22 second control valve 23 main valve body 24 insertion chamber 25 main valve chamber 26 back pressure chamber 27 Pilot passage 28 Valve opening spring 31 Pilot valve body 31e Left male thread part 32 Pilot valve body 32e Right male thread part 33 Fixed nut member 33i Left female thread part 34 Fixed nut member 34i Right female thread part 40 Planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 43 Output Shaft 45 Connection rotating shaft 50 Drive gear 51 First driven gear 52 Second driven gear 55 Left screw feed mechanism 56 Right screw feed mechanism

Claims

A valve body provided with an inlet and two outlets, two control valves respectively disposed between the inlet and the two outlets, and a single unit for opening and closing the two control valves. A direction switching valve that can selectively open and close the two outlets by the two control valves,
Between the rotational drive source and the two control valves, a reverse device having two screw feed mechanisms with opposite feed directions is provided to open and close the two control valves in opposite directions. and,
At least one of the two control valves has a pilot-type valve configuration .

The direction switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the two control valves can be fully opened by stopping the reverse movement device in a specific state.

The reverse movement device includes a first screw feed mechanism having a first male screw member and a first female screw member made of a left screw, and a second screw member having a second male screw member and a second female screw member made of a right screw. A screw feed mechanism; a drive gear composed of a straight tooth spur gear driven to rotate by the rotational drive source; a first driven gear provided on the first male screw member and meshing with the drive gear; and the second male screw A second driven gear that is provided on the member and meshes with the drive gear, and the first and second driven gears are engaged with the drive gear by the thrust of the first and second screw feed mechanisms, respectively. The direction switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the direction switching valve is configured to slide in a direction.

The direction switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the two control valves is a direct acting needle valve.

The control valve in the form of a pilot type valve has a piston-type main valve body, the main valve body is slidably inserted, and is divided into a back pressure chamber and a main valve chamber by the main valve body. A pilot passage for releasing the pressure of the back pressure chamber to the outlet, and a pilot valve body for opening and closing the pilot passage, the pilot valve body of the screw feed mechanism The direction switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the direction switching valve comprises a male screw member.

Directional control valve according to any of claims 1 5, characterized in that the speed reduction mechanism is provided between said reversing device and said rotary driving source.

The direction switching valve according to claim 6 , wherein the speed reduction mechanism is a strange planetary gear type speed reduction mechanism.

Directional control valve according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the stepping motor is used as the rotary drive source.

8. The direction switching valve according to claim 7 , wherein a stepping motor is used as the rotational drive source, and the mysterious planetary gear type reduction mechanism is attached to the stepping motor.

A direction switching valve comprising a plurality of control valves and a single rotational drive source for driving the plurality of control valves,
Between the rotary drive source and the plurality of control valves, two types of control valves that are divided into two groups in advance are driven in opposite directions for each group. A reverse device with a screw feed mechanism is provided ,
At least one of the two control valves has a pilot-type valve configuration .