JP5802630B2 - Steam turbine equipment - Google Patents

Description

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to steam turbine equipment.

Improving the thermal efficiency of steam turbines used in thermal power plants and the like is an important issue that leads to effective use of energy resources and reduction of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions. An improvement in the thermal efficiency of a steam turbine can be achieved by effectively converting the given energy into mechanical work, which requires reducing various internal losses.

  The internal loss of a steam turbine is typified by a turbine blade row loss based on profile loss due to blade shape, steam secondary flow loss, steam leakage loss, steam wetting loss, steam valves, and crossover pipes. There are passage portion losses in passages other than the blade rows, turbine exhaust loss downstream of the last stage of the turbine stage, and the like.

  Among these losses, the turbine exhaust loss is a large loss that accounts for 10 to 20% of the total internal loss. Turbine exhaust loss is a loss that occurs between the final stage outlet of the turbine stage and the condenser inlet, and is further classified into a leaving loss, a hood loss, a turn-up loss, and the like. Among these, the hood loss is a pressure loss due to the steam passing through the exhaust chamber, and depends on the axial flow velocity of the steam, that is, the volume flow rate passing through the exhaust chamber. Therefore, the hood loss depends on the type, shape, and size of the exhaust chamber including the diffuser.

  In general, the pressure loss increases in proportion to the square of the steam flow velocity. Therefore, it is effective to reduce the steam flow velocity by increasing the size of the exhaust chamber within an allowable range. However, when the size of the exhaust chamber is increased, there are restrictions from the manufacturing cost and the layout space of the building. Such restrictions are also imposed when the size of the exhaust chamber is increased in order to reduce the hood loss. Therefore, it is important to have a shape with a small pressure loss with a limited exhaust chamber size.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of an axial exhaust type exhaust chamber 210 and a condenser 212 connected to the exhaust chamber 210 via a connecting duct 211 in a conventional steam turbine facility. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the conventional steam turbine equipment, the steam turbine 200 having the axial exhaust type exhaust chamber 210, the condenser 212, and the exhaust chamber 210 and the condenser 212 are communicated in the horizontal direction. A connecting duct 211 is provided. In the exhaust chamber 210, the flow passage cross-sectional area gradually increases as it goes downstream. That is, the exhaust chamber 210 has a function as a diffuser.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, the exhaust chamber 210 includes a plurality of internal structures 217 in a radial direction (a direction perpendicular to the turbine rotor shaft) so as to block the flow of turbine exhaust. Exists.

  At the center of the condenser 212 is provided a condensing unit 213 that cools and condenses the turbine exhaust to make condensate. In the condensing unit 213, for example, a cooling pipe bundle (not shown) including a plurality of cooling pipes through which cooling water flows is arranged. The cooling pipe is not included in the in-machine piping 214 described later.

  Inside the connection duct 211 and the condenser 212, for example, an in-machine piping 214 such as a turbine bypass piping for releasing steam supplied to the steam turbine 200 during emergency operation to the condenser 212 is provided. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the in-machine piping 214 is provided so as to block the flow of the turbine exhaust over the width direction of the connecting duct 211 and the condenser 212 (in FIG. 11, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface). Yes.

  In the conventional steam turbine equipment, the turbine exhaust that has passed through the final stage turbine stage composed of the stationary blade 205 and the moving blade 206 flows in the exhaust chamber 210 while decelerating while restoring the static pressure. Then, the turbine exhaust flows into the condenser 212 via the connecting duct 211, is condensed in the condensing unit 213, becomes condensate, falls, and is stored in the hot well 215 at the bottom. Condensate stored in the hot well 215 is returned to a steam generator such as a boiler.

Pierre Bourcier, 1 other, “New Compact 300 MW Single-Flow Reheat Turbine with Axial Condenser”, International Joint Power Generation Conference 1990, p.135-142

  In the conventional steam turbine equipment described above, the flow of the turbine exhaust is blocked by the in-machine piping 214 when it passes through the connecting duct 211 and is introduced into the condenser 212. Therefore, the pressure loss of turbine exhaust increases.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide steam turbine equipment that can reduce the pressure loss of turbine exhaust in a connecting duct or condenser located downstream of an axial exhaust type exhaust chamber of a steam turbine. It is to be.

  The steam turbine equipment of the embodiment includes a steam turbine including an axial exhaust type exhaust chamber, a condenser that uses the turbine exhaust discharged from the steam turbine as condensate, the exhaust chamber of the steam turbine, and the condensate. A connecting duct that connects the steam turbine to the condenser, and an in-machine pipe that includes at least a turbine bypass pipe for discharging steam supplied to the steam turbine to the condenser during an emergency operation.

  And when the tangent of the longitudinal direction of the said connection duct is extended over the inside of the said condenser at the exit edge part of the inner wall face of the said connection duct, the said condenser which becomes outside the said tangent The in-machine piping is arranged in the dead water area.

It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the connection duct in the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment, and a condenser. It is the figure which showed typically the horizontal direction cross section of the connection duct and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the horizontal direction cross section of the connection duct provided with another structure and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the horizontal direction cross section of the connection duct provided with another structure and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the BB cross section of FIG. 4 in which the condenser of the steam turbine equipment of 1st Embodiment was shown. It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the connection duct and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 2nd Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the connection duct and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 3rd Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the connection duct and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 4th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the perpendicular direction cross section of the connection duct and the condenser in the steam turbine equipment of 5th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed typically the cross section of the orthogonal | vertical direction of the axial flow exhaust type exhaust chamber in the conventional steam turbine equipment, and the condenser connected with this exhaust chamber via the connection duct.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the steam turbine facility 10 includes a steam turbine 20 (axial exhaust turbine) having an axial exhaust type exhaust chamber 30, a connecting duct 40 connected in the horizontal direction of the exhaust chamber 30, and this connection. A condenser 50 connected to the exhaust chamber 30 through a duct 40 is provided.

  The steam turbine 20 includes a casing 21, and a turbine rotor 23 in which a moving blade 22 is implanted is provided in the casing 21. A plurality of rotor blades 22 are implanted in the circumferential direction to constitute a rotor blade cascade, and the rotor blade cascade is provided in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the turbine rotor 23. The turbine rotor 23 is rotatably supported by a rotor bearing (not shown).

  On the inner periphery of the casing 21, stationary blades 25 supported by diaphragms 24 a and 24 b are disposed so as to alternate with the moving blades 22 in the axial direction of the turbine rotor 23. A plurality of stationary blades 25 are implanted in the circumferential direction to constitute a stationary blade cascade, and the stationary blade cascade and the moving blade cascade located immediately downstream constitute one turbine stage.

  On the downstream side of the final turbine stage, there is provided an exhaust chamber 30 for exhausting steam that has expanded in the turbine stage. The exhaust chamber 30 is provided between an inner peripheral wall 31 disposed around the turbine rotor 23 along the axial direction of the turbine rotor 23 and an outer peripheral wall 32 disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the inner peripheral wall 31. An exhaust passage 33 is formed. The exhaust flow path 33 forms an annular flow path that expands in the downstream direction and through which steam that flows out from the final turbine stage passes. In FIG. 1, the inner peripheral wall 31 is not a cross section, but its outer shape is shown.

  The exhaust passage 33 functions as a so-called diffuser, and has a function of gradually reducing the flow velocity of the steam and recovering the static pressure. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, a plurality of internal structures 34 exist in the exhaust flow path 33. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the internal structure 34 is arranged evenly in the circumferential direction, and between the inner peripheral wall 31 and the outer peripheral wall 32, the radial direction (the direction of a straight line that intersects the turbine rotor shaft perpendicularly). ). That is, for example, the internal structure 34 extends in the radial direction from the outer peripheral wall 32 side toward the inner peripheral wall 31 side, and a plurality of such internal structures 34 are provided in the circumferential direction. Note that the exhaust flow path 33 may not include the internal structure 34.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet 35 of the exhaust passage 33 is formed by, for example, an annular opening formed between the downstream ends of both the outer peripheral wall 32 and the inner peripheral wall 31. The outlet 35 of the exhaust passage 33 is connected to the condenser 50 through the connecting duct 40. In FIG. 1, the condenser 50 is shown in cross section only for a part thereof.

  Next, the structure of the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 10 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a horizontal section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment. 3 shows a cross section corresponding to the AA cross section passing through the center 51a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shape of the opening 41 at the inlet of the connection duct 40 is formed in a circular shape corresponding to the shape of the outlet of the exhaust chamber 30. The shape of the opening 42 at the outlet of the connection duct 40 is the same as the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50.

  For example, when the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is a quadrangle, the connecting duct 40 has a flow passage cross-sectional shape of the connecting duct 40 gradually from a circular shape to a square shape from the inlet side to the outlet side. Configured to deform. Note that the quadrangular herein includes, for example, a substantially quadrangular shape having four corners having curvature. The shape of the connection duct 40 is not limited to this, and is appropriately set based on the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50, the position where the opening 51 is formed, and the like.

  Here, the ratio (Ac / Ad) between the opening area Ac of the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area Ad of the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is set to 1 or more. When Ac / Ad is 1, the cross-sectional area of the connecting duct 40 is constant from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). When Ac / Ad exceeds 1, for example, the cross-sectional area of the flow path gradually increases from the inlet of the connection duct 40 toward the outlet (inlet of the condenser 50). In this case, the connecting duct 40 has a function as a diffuser. The opening area Ac at the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 are the same.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50), the channel cross-sectional height H in the vertical cross section becomes constant, and as shown in FIG. An example of the connecting duct 40 in which the flow path cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases is shown. That is, the connecting duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 toward the outlet of the connecting duct 40.

  Here, the channel cross-sectional height H is the distance between the inner wall surface 43 and the inner wall surface 44 of the connecting duct 40 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting duct 40 extending in the longitudinal direction in the vertical section. is there. The channel cross-sectional width W is a distance between the inner wall surface 45 and the inner wall surface 46 of the connecting duct 40 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting duct 40 extending in the longitudinal direction in the horizontal section.

  Moreover, in the condenser 50 shown here, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening 51 in an inlet_port | entrance is formed over the whole width direction (up-down direction in FIG. 3) of the condenser 50. As shown in FIG.

  In the connecting duct 40, as shown in FIG. 2, the center 41 a of the opening 41 at the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is located above the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 in the vertical direction. That is, the connection duct 40 is configured to be inclined downward as it goes downstream. Such a configuration is employed, for example, when the condenser 50 is installed below the installation position of the steam turbine 20.

  The condenser 50 introduces the turbine exhaust discharged from the steam turbine 20 through the connection duct 40 to form condensate. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a condenser 52 is provided at the center of the condenser 50 to cool and condense the turbine exhaust to condense. In the condensing unit 52, for example, a cooling pipe bundle (not shown) including a plurality of cooling pipes through which cooling water flows is arranged. The cooling pipe is not included in the in-machine piping 60 described later.

  Due to the heat transfer between the surface of the cooling pipe and the turbine exhaust, the turbine exhaust is cooled and condensed to condensate. A hot well 53 is provided at the bottom of the condenser 50 to store the condensed water that has fallen. The condensate stored in the hot well 53 is returned to a steam generator such as a boiler as water supply.

  In the condenser 50, for example, an in-machine pipe 60 such as a turbine bypass pipe for releasing steam supplied to the steam turbine 20 during emergency operation to the condenser 50 is provided. Here, the emergency operation includes, for example, when the steam does not reach the conditions for operating the steam turbine, or when the operation of the steam turbine must be stopped quickly due to an accident or the like. Further, as the in-machine piping, in addition to the turbine bypass piping, for example, piping such as a neck heater can be cited. Note that, as described above, the in-machine piping 60 does not include the cooling pipe disposed in the condensing unit 52.

  Here, the area | region in the condenser 50 where the in-machine piping 60 is arrange | positioned is demonstrated.

  When the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portion of the inner wall surface of the connecting duct 40 is extended over the inside of the condenser 50, the inside of the condenser 50 is outside the tangent. In-flight piping 60 is arranged in dead water area 70.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the in-machine piping 60 is configured such that, for example, in the vertical section along the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50, When the tangent lines L1 and L2 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portions 43a and 44a of the inner wall surfaces 43 and 44 are extended over the inside of the condenser 50, they are outside the tangent lines L1 and L2. The dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is disposed.

  In FIG. 2 where the vertical cross section is shown, the dead water area 70 is located above the tangent line L1 and covered with the inner wall surface of the condenser 50, and below the tangent line L2 and on the inner wall surface of the condenser 50. Present in the covered area.

  On the other hand, in the horizontal cross section passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 of the condenser 50 shown in FIG. 3, the outlet end portions 45 a and 46 a of the inner wall surfaces 45 and 46 of the connection duct 40 in the longitudinal direction of the connection duct 40. Since the tangent lines L3 and L4 are formed outside the condenser 50, the dead water area 70 is not formed.

  In addition, although the vertical direction cross section and horizontal direction cross section which pass along the center 51a of the opening 51 in the inlet_port | entrance of the condenser 50 are illustrated and demonstrated here, others along the longitudinal direction of the connection duct 40 which passes along the center 51a are demonstrated. Also in the cross section, the definition of the dead water area 70 and the arrangement area of the in-machine piping 60 are the same.

  Thus, the dead water area 70 is outside each tangent line and on the inner wall surface of the condenser 50 in each cross section along the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 passing through the center 51a of the opening 51 of the condenser 50. Configured to be covered area. The dead water area 70 as described above is an area that is not used as a flow path when turbine exhaust flows from the connecting duct 40 into the condenser 50.

  Here, an example in which the in-machine piping 60 is arranged in the width direction of the condenser 50 (in the direction perpendicular to the paper in FIG. 2) in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent L1 is shown. The arrangement position is not limited to this. The in-machine piping 60 should just be arrange | positioned in the dead water area 70. FIG. Therefore, for example, the in-machine piping 60 can be disposed in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2.

  In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an example in which the inlet opening 51 is formed from the upper end side of the condenser 50 is shown, but for example, not from the upper end of the condenser 50 The opening 51 may be formed at the center of the condenser 50 in the height direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2). In this case, the range of the dead water area 70 formed outside the tangent line L1 is expanded.

  In the steam turbine facility 10 having the above-described configuration, the turbine exhaust that has flowed into the connecting duct 40 from the exhaust flow path 33 of the steam turbine 20 flows into the condenser 50 through the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50. Turbine exhaust gas that has flowed into the condenser 50 mainly flows inside the dead water area 70, that is, inside the tangent line L1 and tangent line L2, for example, in FIG. At this time, since there is no structure that obstructs the flow of, for example, the in-machine piping 60 in the main flow path through which the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 or the condenser 50 flows, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust can be reduced.

  The turbine exhaust gas that has flowed into the condensing unit 52 is cooled by heat transfer with the surface of the cooling pipe of the condensing unit 52, and is condensed to condensate. The produced condensate falls and is stored in the hot well 53 at the bottom. Condensate stored in the hot well 53 is returned to a steam generator such as a boiler as water supply.

  According to the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment, since the above-described dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is provided with the in-machine piping 60, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 and in the condenser 50. Can be reduced.

  Here, the shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal section is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 4 and 5 are diagrams schematically showing a horizontal cross section of the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 having other configurations in the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment. 4 and 5 show a cross section corresponding to the AA cross section passing through the center 51a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 4 illustrating the condenser 50 of the steam turbine facility 10 according to the first embodiment.

  4 and 5, the shape of the connection duct 40 in the vertical cross section is such that the connection duct 40 has an outlet (an inlet of the condenser 50) as shown in FIG. 2. ), The flow path disconnection height H is constant.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed at the center of the condenser 50 in the width direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 4 and 5). That is, the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is not formed over the entire width direction of the condenser 50 but is formed at the center.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the flow path gradually increases from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 toward the outlet.

  Moreover, the connection duct 40 can also be comprised so that the flow-path cross-sectional width W in a horizontal direction cross section may become fixed, for example, as shown in FIG. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the flow path is constant from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. In this case, the aforementioned Ac / Ad is 1.

  In any of the connecting ducts 40 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shape of the opening 42 at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 is the same as the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50.

  For example, in the horizontal cross section passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 of the condenser 50 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the dead water area 70 is formed of outlet ends 45 a and 46 a of the inner wall surfaces 45 and 46 of the connection duct 40. , The tangent lines L3 and L4 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 are formed in a region in the condenser 50 that is outside the tangent lines L3 and L4 when extending over the interior of the condenser 50. .

  In this case, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the in-machine piping 60 can be arranged in the dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 in a direction perpendicular to the width direction of the condenser 50 and in the horizontal direction. . By arranging the in-machine piping 60 in this manner, the in-machine piping 60 can be linearly connected from the steam turbine. Therefore, the pipe length of the in-machine piping 60 can be minimized, and the pressure loss of the steam in the in-machine piping 60 can be reduced.

  In this case, one end of the in-machine piping 60 located in the condenser 50 is sealed, for example. 6 shows a cross section taken along the line BB in FIG. 4. Also in the condenser 50 shown in FIG. 5, the structure of the cross section corresponding to the cross section taken along the line BB in FIG. This is the same as the structure.

  As described above, even when the connection duct 40 of another shape is provided, by providing the in-machine piping 60 in the dead water region 70, the main flow path in which the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 or the condenser 50 flows, for example, in the on-machine There is no structure that obstructs the flow of the pipe 60 or the like. Therefore, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Since the steam turbine equipment 11 of the second embodiment is the same as the construction of the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50, the connection duct is used here. The configuration of 40 and the condenser 50 will be mainly described.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 11 of the second embodiment.

  The outlet 35 of the exhaust chamber 30 of the steam turbine 20 is connected to the condenser 50 via the connecting duct 40. As shown in FIG. 7, the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed at the center of the condenser 50 in the height direction (vertical direction in FIG. 7). The outlet side of the connecting duct 40 is connected to the condenser 50 so that the opening 42 at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 and the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 face each other and communicate with each other.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the ratio (Ac / Ad) between the opening area Ac of the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area Ad of the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is set to 1 or more. The opening area Ac at the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the connecting duct 40 has a constant channel cross-sectional height H in a vertical section from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). The shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal cross section is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment, and the flow path cross sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases. That is, the connection duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet of the connection duct 40.

  In the connecting duct 40, as shown in FIG. 7, the center 41 a of the opening 41 at the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is located below the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 in the vertical direction. That is, the connecting duct 40 is configured to incline upward as it goes downstream. Such a configuration is employed, for example, when the steam turbine 20 is installed below the installation position of the condenser 50. In this case, for example, the overall height of the steam turbine 20 can be lowered while taking the height of the condenser 50 depending on the performance of the pump in the same manner as in the conventional condenser.

  Here, the area | region in the condenser 50 where the in-machine piping 60 is arrange | positioned is demonstrated.

  When the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portion of the inner wall surface of the connecting duct 40 is extended over the inside of the condenser 50, the inside of the condenser 50 is outside the tangent. In-flight piping 60 is arranged in dead water area 70.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the in-machine piping 60 has, for example, a vertical section along the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50. When the tangent lines L1 and L2 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portions 43a and 44a of the inner wall surfaces 43 and 44 are extended over the inside of the condenser 50, they are outside the tangent lines L1 and L2. The dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is disposed.

  In FIG. 7 where the vertical cross section is shown, the dead water area 70 is located above the tangent L1 and covered with the inner wall surface of the condenser 50, and below the tangent L2 and on the inner wall surface of the condenser 50. Present in the covered area.

  On the other hand, in the horizontal cross section, as described with reference to FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct at the outlet end portions 45a and 46a of the inner wall surfaces 45 and 46 of the connecting duct 40 Since L3 and L4 are formed outside the condenser 50, the dead water area 70 is not formed.

  In addition, although the vertical direction cross section and horizontal direction cross section which pass along the center 51a of the opening 51 in the inlet_port | entrance of the condenser 50 are illustrated and demonstrated here, others along the longitudinal direction of the connection duct 40 which passes along the center 51a are demonstrated. Also in the cross section, the definition of the dead water area 70 and the arrangement area of the in-machine piping 60 are the same.

  Here, an example is shown in which the in-machine piping 60 is arranged in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L1 in the width direction of the condenser 50 (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 7). The arrangement position is not limited to this. The in-machine piping 60 should just be arrange | positioned in the dead water area 70. FIG. Therefore, for example, the in-machine piping 60 can be disposed in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2.

  According to the steam turbine equipment 11 of the second embodiment, since the above-described dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is provided with the in-machine piping 60, the pressure of the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 or in the condenser 50. Loss can be reduced.

  Here, the shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal section is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. Other configurations of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 can also be adopted in the second embodiment.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the connection duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional height H in the vertical cross section is constant from the inlet of the connection duct 40 to the outlet (inlet of the condenser 50). Composed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the connecting duct 40 is configured such that the channel cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases, the channel cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. It becomes the structure which increases to. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when the connecting duct 40 having a constant channel cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section is configured, the channel cross-sectional area is constant from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. Become. In this case, the aforementioned Ac / Ad is 1.

  4 and 5, the shape of the opening 42 at the outlet of the connection duct 40 is the same as the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50.

  As described above, even when the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 having other configurations are provided, the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 flows by providing the in-machine piping 60 in the dead water region 70. There is no structure that obstructs the flow of, for example, the in-machine piping 60 in the main channel. Therefore, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust can be reduced.

  Here, in the vertical cross section shown in FIG. 7, an example in which the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed at the center in the height direction of the condenser 50 (vertical direction in FIG. 7) is shown. As shown in FIG. 2 in one embodiment, an opening 51 may be formed from the upper end side of the condenser 50 (see, for example, FIG. 2). In this case, the dead water area 70 is not formed outside the tangent line L1, and the range of the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2 is expanded.

(Third embodiment)
Since the steam turbine equipment 12 of the third embodiment is the same as the construction of the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50, the connection duct is used here. The configuration of 40 and the condenser 50 will be mainly described.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 12 of the third embodiment.

  The outlet 35 of the exhaust chamber 30 of the steam turbine 20 is connected to the condenser 50 via the connecting duct 40. As shown in FIG. 8, the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed from the upper end side of the condenser 50. The outlet side of the connecting duct 40 is connected to the condenser 50 so that the opening 42 at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 and the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 face each other and communicate with each other.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the ratio (Ac / Ad) between the opening area Ac of the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area Ad of the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is set to 1 or more. The opening area Ac at the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the connecting duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional height H in the vertical cross section gradually increases from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). The The shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal cross section is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment, and the flow path cross sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases. That is, the connection duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet of the connection duct 40.

  In the connecting duct 40, as shown in FIG. 8, the center 41a of the opening 41 at the inlet of the connecting duct 40 and the center 51a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 are located on the same horizontal plane. That is, the connecting duct 40 is installed so that the central axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 is horizontal. Such a configuration is employed, for example, when the steam turbine 20 and the condenser 50 are installed at the same installation position.

  Here, the area | region in the condenser 50 where the in-machine piping 60 is arrange | positioned is demonstrated.

  When the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portion of the inner wall surface of the connecting duct 40 is extended over the inside of the condenser 50, the inside of the condenser 50 is outside the tangent. In-flight piping 60 is arranged in dead water area 70.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the in-machine piping 60 includes, for example, a vertical section along the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50. When the tangent lines L1 and L2 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portions 43a and 44a of the inner wall surfaces 43 and 44 are extended over the inside of the condenser 50, they are outside the tangent lines L1 and L2. The dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is disposed.

  Here, since the tangent line L1 is formed outside the condenser 50, the dead water area 70 is not formed outside the tangent line L1. Therefore, the dead water area 70 exists in the area | region covered under the tangent L2 and the inner wall face of the condenser 50 in FIG. 8 where the vertical direction cross section was shown. The in-machine piping 60 is disposed in a dead water area 70 formed outside the tangent L2.

  On the other hand, in the horizontal cross section, as described with reference to FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, the outlet end portions 45a and 46a of the inner wall surfaces 45 and 46 of the connecting duct 40 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40. Since the tangent lines L3 and L4 are formed outside the condenser 50, the dead water area 70 is not formed.

  In addition, although the vertical direction cross section and horizontal direction cross section which pass along the center 51a of the opening 51 in the inlet_port | entrance of the condenser 50 are illustrated and demonstrated here, others along the longitudinal direction of the connection duct 40 which passes along the center 51a are demonstrated. Also in the cross section, the definition of the dead water area 70 and the arrangement area of the in-machine piping 60 are the same.

  Here, an example in which the in-machine piping 60 is arranged in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2 in the width direction of the condenser 50 (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 8) is shown. The arrangement position is not limited to this. The in-machine piping 60 should just be arrange | positioned in the dead water area 70. FIG.

  For example, the in-machine piping 60 may be arranged in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2 so as to be perpendicular to the width direction of the condenser 50 and horizontally. By arranging the in-machine piping 60 in this manner, the in-machine piping 60 can be linearly connected from the steam turbine. Therefore, the pipe length of the in-machine piping 60 can be minimized, and the pressure loss of the steam in the in-machine piping 60 can be reduced.

  According to the steam turbine equipment 12 of the third embodiment, since the above-described dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is provided with the in-machine piping 60, the pressure of the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 or in the condenser 50 is provided. Loss can be reduced.

  Here, the shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal section is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. Other configurations of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 can also be employed in the third embodiment.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the connecting duct 40 gradually increases the flow path cross-sectional height H in the vertical cross section from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 toward the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). Configured. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, even when the connecting duct 40 is configured so that the channel cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section is constant, the channel cross-sectional area is from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. The composition increases gradually.

  As described above, even when the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 having other configurations are provided, the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 flows by providing the in-machine piping 60 in the dead water region 70. There is no structure that obstructs the flow of, for example, the in-machine piping 60 in the main channel. Therefore, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust can be reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the inlet opening 51 is formed from the upper end side of the condenser 50 in the vertical cross section shown in FIG. You may form the opening 51 in the center part of a vertical direction (up-down direction in FIG. 8) (for example, refer FIG. 7). In this case, the dead water area 70 can be formed outside the tangent line L1 and the tangent line L2.

(Fourth embodiment)
Since the steam turbine equipment 13 of the fourth embodiment is the same as the construction of the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50, the connection duct is used here. The configuration of 40 and the condenser 50 will be mainly described.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 13 of the fourth embodiment.

  The outlet 35 of the exhaust chamber 30 of the steam turbine 20 is connected to the condenser 50 via the connecting duct 40. As shown in FIG. 9, the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed at the center of the condenser 50 in the height direction (vertical direction in FIG. 9). The outlet side of the connecting duct 40 is connected to the condenser 50 so that the opening 42 at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 and the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 face each other and communicate with each other.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the ratio (Ac / Ad) between the opening area Ac of the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area Ad of the inlet of the connecting duct 40 is set to 1 or more. The opening area Ac at the inlet of the condenser 50 and the opening area at the outlet of the connecting duct 40 are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the connecting duct 40 has a constant channel cross-sectional height H in a vertical section from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). The shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal cross section is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment, and the flow path cross sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases. That is, the connection duct 40 is configured such that the flow path cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet of the connection duct 40.

  In the connecting duct 40, as shown in FIG. 9, the center 41a of the opening 41 at the inlet of the connecting duct 40 and the center 51a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 are located on the same horizontal plane. That is, the connecting duct 40 is installed so that the central axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 is horizontal. Such a configuration is employed, for example, when the steam turbine 20 and the condenser 50 are installed at the same installation position.

  Here, the area | region in the condenser 50 where the in-machine piping 60 is arrange | positioned is demonstrated.

  When the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portion of the inner wall surface of the connecting duct 40 is extended over the inside of the condenser 50, the inside of the condenser 50 is outside the tangent. In-flight piping 60 is arranged in dead water area 70.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the in-machine piping 60 has, for example, a vertical section along the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 passing through the center 51 a of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50. When the tangent lines L1 and L2 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40 at the outlet end portions 43a and 44a of the inner wall surfaces 43 and 44 are extended over the inside of the condenser 50, they are outside the tangent lines L1 and L2. The dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is disposed.

  In FIG. 9 in which the vertical cross section is shown, the dead water area 70 is located above the tangent line L1 and covered with the inner wall surface of the condenser 50, and below the tangent line L2 and on the inner wall surface of the condenser 50. Present in the covered area.

  On the other hand, in the horizontal cross section, as described with reference to FIG. 3 in the first embodiment, the outlet end portions 45a and 46a of the inner wall surfaces 45 and 46 of the connecting duct 40 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct 40. Since the tangent lines L3 and L4 are formed outside the condenser 50, the dead water area 70 is not formed.

  In addition, although the vertical direction cross section and horizontal direction cross section which pass along the center 51a of the opening 51 in the inlet_port | entrance of the condenser 50 are illustrated and demonstrated here, others along the longitudinal direction of the connection duct 40 which passes along the center 51a are demonstrated. Also in the cross section, the definition of the dead water area 70 and the arrangement area of the in-machine piping 60 are the same.

  Here, an example in which the in-machine piping 60 is arranged in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L1 in the width direction of the condenser 50 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 9) is shown. The arrangement position is not limited to this. The in-machine piping 60 should just be arrange | positioned in the dead water area 70. FIG. Therefore, for example, the in-machine piping 60 can be disposed in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2.

  Further, for example, the in-machine piping 60 may be arranged in the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L1 or the tangent line L2 in a direction perpendicular to the width direction of the condenser 50 and in the horizontal direction. By arranging the in-machine piping 60 in this manner, the in-machine piping 60 can be linearly connected from the steam turbine. Therefore, the pipe length of the in-machine piping 60 can be minimized, and the pressure loss of the steam in the in-machine piping 60 can be reduced.

  According to the steam turbine equipment 13 of the fourth embodiment, because the above-described dead water area 70 in the condenser 50 is provided with the in-machine piping 60, the pressure of the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 and in the condenser 50. Loss can be reduced.

  Here, the shape of the connecting duct 40 in the horizontal section is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. Other configurations of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6 can also be adopted in the fourth embodiment.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the connecting duct 40 has a constant flow path cross-sectional height H in the vertical section from the inlet of the connecting duct 40 to the outlet (the inlet of the condenser 50). Composed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the connecting duct 40 is configured such that the channel cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section gradually increases, the channel cross-sectional area gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. It becomes the structure which increases to.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when the connecting duct 40 having a constant channel cross-sectional width W in the horizontal cross section is configured, the channel cross-sectional area is constant from the inlet to the outlet of the connecting duct 40. Become. In this case, the aforementioned Ac / Ad is 1.

  4 and 5, the shape of the opening 42 at the outlet of the connection duct 40 is the same as the shape of the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50.

  As described above, even when the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 having other configurations are provided, the turbine exhaust in the connection duct 40 and the condenser 50 flows by providing the in-machine piping 60 in the dead water region 70. There is no structure that obstructs the flow of, for example, the in-machine piping 60 in the main channel. Therefore, the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust can be reduced.

  Here, in the vertical cross section shown in FIG. 9, an example is shown in which the opening 51 at the inlet of the condenser 50 is formed at the center of the condenser 50 in the height direction (vertical direction in FIG. 9). For example, the opening 51 may be formed from the upper end side of the condenser 50 (see FIG. 2). In this case, the dead water area 70 is not formed outside the tangent line L1, and the range of the dead water area 70 outside the tangent line L2 is expanded.

(Fifth embodiment)
Since the steam turbine equipment 14 of the fifth embodiment is the same as the construction of the steam turbine equipment 10 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the in-machine piping 60, here, the configuration of the in-machine piping 60 is mainly described. Explained.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical section of the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 in the steam turbine equipment 14 of the fifth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the in-machine piping 60 is provided with a rectifying guide 80. The rectifying guide 80 smoothly guides the turbine exhaust flowing into the condenser 50 while rectifying the exhaust toward the condenser 52 side, for example. That is, the rectifying guide 80 smoothly guides toward the condensing unit 52, for example, without abruptly changing the flow direction of the turbine exhaust.

  The rectifying guide 80 is configured by, for example, a wing-shaped member that extends in a direction in which the flow is guided. In addition, the shape of the rectifying guide 80 is not limited to this, and may be configured by, for example, a plate-like member. The rectifying guide 80 is provided, for example, continuously or intermittently along the longitudinal direction of the in-machine piping 60 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 10). It is effective to prepare the rectifying guide 80 when, for example, the in-machine piping 60 is disposed in the dead water area 70 above the condenser 50.

  As described above, the rectifying guide 80 is provided, and the turbine exhaust is smoothly guided to, for example, the condensing unit 52 side, thereby suppressing the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust flowing into the condenser 50 and promoting the condensation of the turbine exhaust. can do.

  Here, although the example which provided the rectification | straightening guide 80 in the in-machine piping 60 of the steam turbine equipment 10 of 1st Embodiment was shown, also in the 2nd-4th embodiment mentioned above, in-machine piping 60 A configuration including the rectifying guide 80 can be employed.

  According to the embodiment described above, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the turbine exhaust in the connecting duct 40 and the condenser 50 arranged on the downstream side of the axial exhaust type exhaust chamber 30 of the steam turbine.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  10, 11, 12, 13, 14 ... steam turbine equipment, 20 ... steam turbine, 21 ... casing, 22 ... moving blade, 23 ... turbine rotor, 24a ... diaphragm, 25 ... stationary blade, 30 ... exhaust chamber, 31 ... inside Peripheral wall, 32 ... outer peripheral wall, 33 ... exhaust flow path, 34 ... internal structure, 35 ... outlet, 40 ... connecting duct, 41, 42, 51 ... opening, 41a, 43a, 51a ... center, 43, 44, 45, 46 ... Inner wall surface, 43a, 45a ... Outlet end, 50 ... Condenser, 52 ... Condensing part, 53 ... Hot well, 60 ... In-machine piping, 70 ... Dead water area, 80 ... Rectification guide, L1, L2, L3 L4 ... Tangent line.

Claims (6)

A steam turbine having an axial exhaust type exhaust chamber;
A condenser for condensing the turbine exhaust discharged from the steam turbine;
A connecting duct connecting the exhaust chamber of the steam turbine and the condenser;
A steam turbine facility comprising: an in-machine piping including at least a turbine bypass piping for discharging steam supplied to the steam turbine during emergency operation to the condenser;
When the tangent in the longitudinal direction of the connecting duct at the outlet end of the inner wall surface of the connecting duct is extended over the inside of the condenser, the inside of the condenser becomes outside the tangent. The steam turbine equipment, wherein the in-machine piping is arranged in a dead water area.   The ratio (Ac / Ad) of the opening area Ac of the condenser inlet having the same opening shape as the opening shape of the connecting duct to the opening area Ad of the inlet of the connecting duct is 1 or more. The steam turbine equipment according to claim 1.   3. The steam turbine equipment according to claim 1, wherein the center of the opening at the inlet of the connection duct is located vertically above the center of the opening at the inlet of the condenser. 4.   3. The steam turbine equipment according to claim 1, wherein the center of the opening at the inlet of the connection duct is located vertically below the center of the opening at the inlet of the condenser. 4.   The steam turbine equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the center of the opening at the inlet of the connecting duct and the center of the opening at the inlet of the condenser are located on the same horizontal plane.   The steam turbine equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the in-machine piping includes a rectification guide for rectifying turbine exhaust introduced into the condenser.

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