JP5798801B2 - Crane cab and crane with it - Google Patents
Crane cab and crane with it Download PDFInfo
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- JP5798801B2 JP5798801B2 JP2011122376A JP2011122376A JP5798801B2 JP 5798801 B2 JP5798801 B2 JP 5798801B2 JP 2011122376 A JP2011122376 A JP 2011122376A JP 2011122376 A JP2011122376 A JP 2011122376A JP 5798801 B2 JP5798801 B2 JP 5798801B2
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Description
コンテナ用岸壁クレーン及びコンテ用ヤードクレーンなどの運転室に備え、高所作業中に下方を確認する床窓を室内から清掃するため、床窓を反転させるクレーンの運転室とそれを搭載したクレーンとその床窓の反転方法に関する。 In order to clean the floor window to check the lower side during work at high places in preparation for the operator's cab such as a container quay crane and a container yard crane, a crane cab that reverses the floor window and a crane equipped with it The present invention relates to a method for inverting the floor window.
船舶からコンテナを積み込み又は積み卸しするコンテナクレーン、及びコンテナターミナル内におけるコンテナ移送を行うクレーンには作業を制御するために運転室を設置している。従来のコンテナクレーンの運転室はクレーン上部に設置され、荷を運搬するトロリと共にガーダ上を移動する（例えば特許文献１〔図２〕参照）。 A container crane for loading or unloading a container from a ship and a crane for transferring a container in a container terminal are provided with a cab for controlling operations. The cab of a conventional container crane is installed on the upper part of the crane and moves on the girder together with the trolley for carrying the load (see, for example, Patent Document 1 [FIG. 2]).
クレーン上部に設置されている運転室から作業を目視で確認するために、運転室には窓が設置されている。そのうちの一つに下方の作業を確認できるように床に設けられた床窓がある。この床窓が汚れてしまうと、コンテナの積み込み又は積み卸し作業などが確認しづらくなる。そうなると作業の効率性や安全性が損なわれるため、床窓の清掃は欠かせない。 Windows are installed in the operator's cab to visually confirm the work from the operator's cab installed on the upper part of the crane. One of them is a floor window on the floor so that you can confirm the work below. If this floor window becomes dirty, it will be difficult to check the loading or unloading operation of the container. If this happens, the efficiency and safety of the work will be impaired, so cleaning the floor windows is indispensable.
そこで床窓を清掃する方法として、図９に示す、ガーダ６３とトロリ６２と、さらにトロリ６２に運転室６１とスプレッダ６４を備えたクレーン１００に、床窓６０を清掃するための専用踊り場６５を設けた清掃方法が提案されている。この方法は運転室６１の床窓６０を清掃するためにガーダ６３の後方に設けた専用踊り場６５に運転室６１を移動させ、運転室６１から専用踊り場６５に出て、清掃作業を行う方法である。しかし、この方法では運転室６１の外に出て清掃作業を行わなければならないという問題がある。地上４０〜５０メートルという高さに設置されている運転室６１の外に出て、作業を行うことは、転落などの危険性を伴う。 Therefore, as a method of cleaning the floor window, a dedicated landing 65 for cleaning the floor window 60 is provided on the crane 100 including the girder 63 and the trolley 62 and the cab 62 and the spreader 64 shown in FIG. A provided cleaning method has been proposed. In this method, in order to clean the floor window 60 of the driver's cab 61, the driver's cab 61 is moved to a dedicated landing 65 provided behind the girder 63, and the cleaning operation is performed from the driver's cab 61 to the dedicated landing 65. is there. However, this method has a problem that it is necessary to go outside the cab 61 and perform a cleaning operation. To work outside the cab 61 installed at a height of 40 to 50 meters above the ground involves a risk of falling.
また、運転室６１の外で作業をするために専用踊り場６５を設置しなければならず、窓拭き作業のために設置される専用踊り場６５はコストに見合わないという問題もある。さらに、床窓６０の清掃をするために、ガーダ６３の後方の専用踊り場６５まで運転室６１を移動しなければならない問題や、専用踊り場６５に設置されている安全用の手摺りを運転室６１が移動した際に、運転室６１から延びているケーブルなどにぶつからないように取り外さなければならないという問題もある。 Moreover, in order to work outside the cab 61, a dedicated landing 65 must be installed, and there is a problem that the dedicated landing 65 installed for window cleaning work is not worth the cost. Further, in order to clean the floor window 60, there is a problem that the cab 61 needs to be moved to the dedicated landing 65 behind the girder 63, and a safety handrail installed in the dedicated landing 65 is provided in the cab 61. There is also a problem that when the vehicle moves, it must be removed so as not to hit a cable or the like extending from the cab 61.
そこで、図１０に示すように、運転室６１の底部に専用踊り場６６を設け、床窓の清掃のために運転室６１を移動せずに床窓６０を清掃する方法も提案されている。しかし、この方法でも、運転室６１の外に出なければ床窓６０の清掃作業はできず、安全性の問題は解決されていない。また、運転室６１の下部に専用踊り場６６を設けたために、下方の見通しが悪くなるという新たな問題が発生している。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, a method has also been proposed in which a dedicated landing 66 is provided at the bottom of the cab 61 and the floor window 60 is cleaned without moving the cab 61 for cleaning the floor window. However, even with this method, the floor window 60 cannot be cleaned unless it goes out of the cab 61, and the safety problem has not been solved. Moreover, since the exclusive landing 66 was provided in the lower part of the cab 61, the new problem that the downward view worsens has generate | occur | produced.
本発明は、上記の問題を鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、高所から下方を確認する床窓を、運転室や室内の外に出ずに清掃作業ができるため、作業性や安全性に優れ、
また、窓拭きのための専用踊り場が不要となり、コスト低減を実現することができるクレーンの運転室とそれを備えたクレーンとその床窓の反転方法を提供することである。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is that the floor window for confirming the lower side from a high place can be cleaned without going out of the cab or the interior of the room. Excellent safety
It is another object of the present invention to provide a crane cab, a crane equipped with the crane, and a floor window reversal method that eliminates the need for a dedicated landing for wiping the window and can reduce costs.
上記の目的を達成するための本発明に係るクレーンの運転室は、クレーンの運転室の床面に形成された開口部と、この開口部に沿って設置される外枠と、この外枠内に配置される床窓とを備え、前記床窓が上辺とその向かいの下辺とこれらを結ぶ一対の縦辺とで構成される窓枠と、この窓枠の内側に配置される透過部とからなるクレーンの運転室において、前記下辺の延設方向の両端からこの延設方向に突設されてこの下辺の延設方向の両端と対向する前記外枠の部分に向かう一対の開閉軸部と、前記縦辺と対向する前記外枠に設置されて前記開閉軸部をこの外枠に沿って案内するレールと、一対の前記縦辺とこの縦辺に対向する外枠とを連結する反転支持部とを備え、前記レールが前記外枠に沿って案内された前記開閉軸部を制動する制動部を備え、前記反転支持部が、前記縦辺から前記外枠に向かって突設される床窓用接合部と、この外枠から前記縦辺に向かって突設される外枠用接合部と、前記床窓用接合部に回動可能に連結される支持部と、この支持部から延設され他端を前記外枠用接合部に回動可能に連結される腕部とを備え、前記床窓の前記上辺を前記運転室の室内側に引いて前記床窓を開く際に、前記支持部が前記床窓用接合部と前記外枠用接合部との間の距離の変化を吸収しつつ前記床窓用接合部を軸にして前記床窓を反転させて、前記開閉軸部が前記レールに沿って移動して前記制動部で制止され、閉止時の前記床窓の面方向に対して開口時の前記床窓の面方向のなす角が鈍角になったとき、前記反転支持部の長さが最も長くなって、前記床窓が前記運転室内に配置される運転室コンソールおよび運転席にぶつからない状態にする構成にしたことを特徴とする。 Cab of a crane according to the present invention for achieving the above object, an opening formed on the floor of the cab of the crane, and the outer frame which is installed along the opening, in the outer frame A window frame configured by an upper side, a lower side opposite to the floor window, and a pair of vertical sides connecting them, and a transmission portion disposed inside the window frame. in the cab of the crane comprising, a pair of opening and closing shaft portion so as to project the extending direction from both ends of the extending direction toward the portion of the outer frame facing the ends of the extending direction of the lower side of the lower side A reverse support installed on the outer frame facing the vertical side to guide the open / close shaft along the outer frame and a pair of the vertical sides and the outer frame facing the vertical side. and a part, to brake the rail is guided along the outer frame the opening and closing shaft portion braking A floor window joint projecting from the vertical side toward the outer frame, and an outer frame joint projecting from the outer frame toward the vertical side. A support portion rotatably connected to the floor window joint portion, and an arm portion extending from the support portion and rotatably connected to the outer frame joint portion, the upper side of the floor window during open the floor window by pulling the indoor side of the cab, absorb a change in distance between the support portion and the floor window joint and the outer frame for joint and in the shaft is reversed the floor windows the floor window joint with, the opening and closing shaft portion is restrained by the braking portion to move along the rail, in the direction of the face of the floor window during closing On the other hand, when the angle formed by the surface direction of the floor window at the time of opening becomes an obtuse angle, the length of the inversion support portion is the longest, and the floor window is in the driver's cabin. Characterized in that the configuration in which the state does not hit the cab console and the driver's seat is location.
この構成によれば、クレーンの運転室などの高所から下方を確認するように設けられ、外側の面を清掃することが困難な床窓が、開閉軸部によって軸支された下辺を開閉軸として開閉回動をし、さらに床窓を外枠に支持する反転支持部によって、開閉回動とは別の反転回動を行う。本来であれば、床窓は反転支持部によって外枠に支持されているため、一定以上開口しない。そこで、床窓の下辺を、開閉軸部を介してレールに沿って移動させることで、反転支持部に設けた床窓用接合部を回動軸として、床窓は反転回動することができる。 According to this configuration, the floor window which is provided so as to confirm the lower side from a high place such as a cab of the crane, and whose outer surface is difficult to clean, has the lower side pivoted by the opening / closing shaft portion as the opening / closing shaft. The reversal support part which carries out opening-and-closing rotation and also supports a floor window to an outer frame performs reverse rotation separate from opening and closing rotation. Originally, since the floor window is supported on the outer frame by the reversal support portion, it does not open more than a certain amount. Therefore, by moving the lower side of the floor window along the rail via the opening / closing shaft portion, the floor window can be rotated in the reverse direction with the floor window joint provided in the inverted support portion as the rotation axis. .
床窓が反転するため、クレーンの運転室内から見て外側の面を室内に向けることができる。その結果、床窓の外側の面を運転室内から清掃できるようになるため、運転室外での作業が減少し、安全性を向上させることができる。 Since the floor window is inverted, the outer surface can be directed indoors as viewed from the crane cab. As a result, since the outer surface of the floor window can be cleaned from the cab, work outside the cab is reduced and safety can be improved.
また、従来であれば清掃用に設けられていた専用踊り場を必要とせず、専用踊り場の設置費用を削減することができる。さらに、従来であれば、専用踊り場により遮られていた視界も、遮られることがなくなり、作業の見通しをよくすることができる。 In addition, it is not necessary to use a dedicated landing that has been provided for cleaning in the past, and the installation cost of the dedicated landing can be reduced. In addition, the field of view previously blocked by the dedicated landing is not blocked, and the work prospects can be improved.
加えて、床窓の下辺が開閉軸部を介して移動し、床窓が反転するため、床窓の開口状態を平面投影したとき、床窓の上辺は外枠から大きくはみ出すことがなく、室内にある計器類、操作パネルなどと接触することもなく、床窓を反転させることができる。 In addition, since the lower side of the floor window moves through the opening / closing shaft and the floor window is inverted, the top side of the floor window does not protrude greatly from the outer frame when the opening state of the floor window is projected on a plane. The floor window can be inverted without touching the instruments, operation panels, etc.
さらに、開閉軸部がレールによって支持されるため床窓が開閉動作を行うときに開閉軸部が外枠から外れてしまうことを防ぐことができる。レールの形状は開閉軸部を上下から狭持するものが好ましいが、開閉軸部がレール内を移動でき、また、レールから開閉軸部が外れることがなければどのような形状でもよい。レールの形状に開閉軸部の形状を合わせてもよい。制動部を備える構成により、床窓を開けたときに、移動部を設けた開閉軸部の外枠に沿った移動が、レールによって止まる。そのため、床窓が必要以上に開くことがなく、安全に床窓の開閉作業を行うことができる。制動部はレールと同一に形成されてもよい。 Furthermore, since the opening / closing shaft portion is supported by the rail, it is possible to prevent the opening / closing shaft portion from being detached from the outer frame when the floor window performs the opening / closing operation. The shape of the rail is preferably such that the opening / closing shaft portion is sandwiched from above and below, but any shape may be used as long as the opening / closing shaft portion can move in the rail and the opening / closing shaft portion does not come off the rail. You may match the shape of an opening-and-closing axis part with the shape of a rail. Due to the configuration including the braking portion, when the floor window is opened, the movement along the outer frame of the opening / closing shaft portion provided with the moving portion is stopped by the rail. Therefore, the floor window does not open more than necessary, and the floor window can be opened and closed safely. The braking part may be formed in the same way as the rail.
支持部が、床窓を開方向へ回動するときに長さを伸ばし、閉方向へ回動するときに長さを縮める伸縮自在である構成にすることができる。 Supporting lifting portion, extending the length when rotating the floor window in the opening direction, it is possible to configure a retractable to reduce the length when rotated in the closing direction.
この伸縮自在の支持部には油圧ダンパーやモータ式ダンパーを用いることができる。ダンパーを用いることで開閉時の作業が楽に行うことができ、また、床窓をダンパーが付勢するため、安定した開閉動作をおこなうことができる。 A hydraulic damper or a motor type damper can be used for the extendable support portion. By using the damper, the opening and closing work can be performed easily, and the floor window is urged by the damper, so that a stable opening and closing operation can be performed.
一方、伸縮自在の支持部を床窓用接合部、又は外枠用接合部のどちらかの軸を移動することができるレール状に形成することもできる。 On the other hand, the extendable support portion can be formed in a rail shape that can move either the floor window joint portion or the outer frame joint portion.
上記の構成により、床窓が反転した際に反転支持部が倒れ止め防止対策として機能することができる。 With the above configuration, when the floor window is inverted, the inversion support portion can function as a preventive measure against falling.
支持部が床窓用接合部を案内する刳り抜かれたレールを有する、または支持部を伸縮自在なダンパーで構成することができる。The support part can have a hollowed-out rail that guides the floor window joint, or the support part can be made of an elastic damper.
開口時の床窓が、平面視において外枠から外の領域にはみ出ることがない構成にすることができる。The floor window at the time of opening can be configured not to protrude from the outer frame in a plan view.
上記の目的を達成するためのクレーンは、上記のクレーンの運転室を備えて構成される。この構成によれば、上記の作用効果と同様の効果を得ることができる。 A crane for achieving the above object is configured to include a cab of the above crane. According to this configuration, the same effect as the above-described effect can be obtained.
クレーン運転室内の床窓の下辺に開閉の回動の軸になるように開閉軸部と、前記下辺と接する両辺それぞれに反転支持部を備え、該反転支持部が前記床窓を回動自在に軸支する床窓用接合部と伸縮自在の支持部と該支持部を回動自在に外枠に軸支する外枠用接合部とを備え、前記床窓を前記運転室内に開くとき、前記床窓が前記開閉軸部を軸として内開きに回動し、連動して前記反転支持部が伸縮しながら回動することで前記床窓を前記外枠に支持し、前記開閉軸部が床窓の内開きの回動を維持しながら前記外枠に沿って移動することで、前記床窓が前記床窓用接合部を軸として回動し、前記床窓の外側の面を前記運転室内に向けるように反転する方法で床窓を反転することができる。 Comprising opening and closing shaft section so that the lower side of the crane cab floor windows to the axis of the opening and closing of the pivot, the inverting support portions on each sides in contact with the lower side, the reversing supporting section rotatably said floor window When the floor window is opened into the driver's cab, the floor window joint is pivotally supported, and the support portion is extendable and retractable, and the support portion is pivotally supported on the outer frame. The floor window rotates inward with the opening / closing shaft as an axis, and the reversing support portion rotates in conjunction with the rotation to support the floor window on the outer frame, and the opening / closing shaft portion By moving along the outer frame while maintaining the rotation of the inner opening of the floor window, the floor window rotates about the floor window joint, and the outer surface of the floor window is operated as described above. The floor window can be inverted by a method of inverting so as to be directed indoors .
この方法により、まず床窓は開口時に開閉回動により運転室の内側に開く。この時の開閉回動の回動動作角度は鋭角になる。反転支持部はその開閉回動に連動して、外枠用接合部を回動軸に床窓の開閉回動と逆向きに回動すると共に、支持部の長さを伸ばす。次に反転支持部の長さが最大となったところで、開閉軸部が開閉回動を維持しながら外枠に沿って移動する。その開閉軸部の移動に連動して、反転支持部の床窓用接合部により床窓が反転回動を行う。この反転回動により開閉回動の最終的な回動動作角度は鈍角になり、クレーンの運転室からみて外側の全面を運転室内に向けることができる。 By this method, the floor window is first opened inside the cab by opening and closing when it is opened. At this time, the opening / closing rotation angle is an acute angle. The reversing support portion rotates in the direction opposite to the opening / closing rotation of the floor window about the outer frame joint portion in conjunction with the opening / closing rotation, and extends the length of the support portion. Next, when the length of the inversion support portion becomes maximum, the opening / closing shaft portion moves along the outer frame while maintaining the opening / closing rotation. In conjunction with the movement of the opening and closing shaft portion, the floor window rotates in the reverse direction by the floor window joint portion of the reverse support portion. By this reversal rotation, the final rotation angle of the opening and closing rotation becomes an obtuse angle, and the entire outer surface as viewed from the cab of the crane can be directed to the cab.
もし反転支持部を備えず、且つ開閉軸部が外枠に沿って移動できないならば、開閉軸部の回動動作角度が鈍角になると床窓はちょうど扉を開いたときのように外枠からはみ出してしまう。しかし、上記の床窓は開閉軸部による開閉回動の回動動作角度が鈍角になっても、開閉軸部が外枠に沿って移動し、反転支持部の支持により反転回動を行うことにより、床窓の反転動作中や反転した時の状態であっても平面視で外枠から床窓がはみ出ることがない。 If the reversing support part is not provided and the opening / closing shaft part cannot move along the outer frame, when the pivoting operation angle of the opening / closing shaft part becomes an obtuse angle, the floor window opens from the outer frame just like when the door is opened. It will stick out. However, the opening and closing shaft part moves along the outer frame and performs the reverse rotation by the support of the reverse support part even when the opening / closing rotational angle of the opening and closing shaft part becomes an obtuse angle. Thus, the floor window does not protrude from the outer frame in a plan view even when the floor window is being reversed or when it is reversed.
本発明によれば、クレーンの運転室などの高所に設けられ、下方の作業などを確認するための床窓の外側の面を室内に向けて開くことができるため、床窓の清掃を室内から行うことができる。その結果、室外での清掃作業がなくなり、安全に作業を行うことができる。また、専用踊り場を外すことができ、専用踊り場の製造、設置コストを削減できる。さらに、下方の視界の邪魔になっていた専用踊り場をなくすことが可能であり、視界が妨げられることなくクレーンの積み荷作業などを行うことができる。 According to the present invention, the floor window is provided in a high place such as an operator's cab of a crane and can be opened with the outer surface of the floor window for confirming a downward operation or the like facing the room. Can be done from. As a result, there is no outdoor cleaning work, and the work can be performed safely. In addition, the dedicated landing can be removed, and the manufacturing and installation costs of the dedicated landing can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to eliminate a dedicated landing that has hindered the downward field of view, and it is possible to carry out crane loading work and the like without obstructing the field of view.
以下、本発明に係る第１の実施の形態のクレーン１００について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、このクレーン１００は岸壁クレーン、門型のヤードクレーン、ゴライアスクレーン、ジブクレーン、タワークレーン、アンローダークレーン、及び天井クレーンなどのクレーンに適用可能である。また、高所での床窓が必要な設備、例えば高層建築物の展望台などに適用することができる。ここでは、図９で示したクレーン１００の運転室６１に床窓反転機構１０を設けた場合を説明する。 Hereinafter, a crane 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The crane 100 can be applied to cranes such as a quay crane, a portal yard crane, a Goliath crane, a jib crane, a tower crane, an unloader crane, and an overhead crane. Further, the present invention can be applied to facilities that require floor windows at high places, such as observation decks for high-rise buildings. Here, the case where the floor window inversion mechanism 10 is provided in the cab 61 of the crane 100 shown in FIG. 9 will be described.
図１で示すように、運転室６１の床面１１には開口部１１ａを設ける。開口部１１ａに床窓反転機構１０を設け、床窓反転機構１０は外枠１１ｂと床窓１２と、開閉軸部２０と反転支持部３０とレール４０とからなる。 As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 11 a is provided in the floor surface 11 of the cab 61. A floor window reversing mechanism 10 is provided in the opening 11a. The floor window reversing mechanism 10 includes an outer frame 11b, a floor window 12, an opening / closing shaft portion 20, a reversing support portion 30, and a rail 40.
床窓１２は、透過部１３と窓枠１４からなり、それぞれ辺を上辺１４ａと、その向かいの下辺１４ｂと、両側の縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄとで構成する。透過部１３はクレーン１００の運転室６１から下方の作業を確認するため、透明の硝子や樹脂などを板状に形成したものである。 The floor window 12 includes a transmissive portion 13 and a window frame 14, and each side includes an upper side 14 a, a lower side 14 b opposite to the upper side 14 a, and vertical sides 14 c and 14 d on both sides. The transmission part 13 is formed by forming transparent glass, resin, or the like into a plate shape in order to confirm the operation below from the cab 61 of the crane 100.
窓枠１４は格子状に形成したものでもよく、透過部１３を嵌め込めるようになっている。図２及び図３に示すように、窓枠１４は透過部１３を上辺１４ａ、下辺１４ｂ、縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄによって囲み、嵌め込んでいる。また、窓枠１４は運転室内側と運転室外側とで、縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄの広さが異なる形状に形成すると、床窓１２を閉めたときに、開閉軸部２０と反転支持部３０などを室内に露呈させないようにすることもできる。さらに、窓枠１４と外枠１１ｂとの接触箇所にゴムパッキンなどを設け、密閉性を高めることが好ましい。 The window frame 14 may be formed in a lattice shape, and the transmission part 13 can be fitted therein. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the window frame 14 surrounds and fits the transmissive portion 13 by an upper side 14 a, a lower side 14 b, and vertical sides 14 c and 14 d. Further, when the window frame 14 is formed in a shape in which the widths of the vertical sides 14c and 14d are different between the driver's cab side and the driver's cab side, when the floor window 12 is closed, the opening / closing shaft portion 20 and the reverse support portion 30 and the like. Can be prevented from being exposed to the room. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a rubber packing or the like at the contact portion between the window frame 14 and the outer frame 11b to improve the sealing performance.
床窓１２が取り付けられる外枠１１ｂは運転室６１と一体に設置されており、運転室６１に傾斜を付けて設けられている。傾斜の角度は運転室６１から下方を見渡すのにちょうどいい角度であればよく、実施の形態では傾斜を水平から９度〜１５度に設定した。床窓１２を通して下方の作業が十分に確認することができれば、傾斜を設ける必要はない。また、外枠は図３に示すように、床窓１２が下に落ちないように段を設け、床窓１２を支えている。さらに、床窓１２が閉口状態にあるとき、床窓１２を固定するために、床窓１２の上辺１４ａや、下辺１４ｂに開閉用ストッパを設けることが好ましい。この開閉用ストッパはボルトなどで形成され、床窓１２と床面１１をしっかりと止めることができるようにする。 The outer frame 11b to which the floor window 12 is attached is installed integrally with the cab 61, and the cab 61 is provided with an inclination. The inclination angle may be an angle that is just right to look down from the cab 61. In the embodiment, the inclination is set to 9 to 15 degrees from the horizontal. If the lower work can be sufficiently confirmed through the floor window 12, there is no need to provide an inclination. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer frame supports the floor window 12 by providing a step so that the floor window 12 does not fall down. Furthermore, when the floor window 12 is in the closed state, an opening / closing stopper is preferably provided on the upper side 14a or the lower side 14b of the floor window 12 in order to fix the floor window 12. The stopper for opening and closing is formed with a bolt or the like so that the floor window 12 and the floor surface 11 can be firmly fixed.
開閉軸部２０は床窓１２の下辺１４ｂの両端の縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄを両側から回転自在に軸支する。両開閉軸部２０が同一軸線上に配されるため、床窓１２は開閉軸部２０を回動軸として、開閉することができる。これにより、床窓１２の下辺１４ｂが開閉軸となり、床窓１２の上辺１４ａが開口するようになる。 The opening / closing shaft portion 20 supports the vertical sides 14c and 14d at both ends of the lower side 14b of the floor window 12 so as to be rotatable from both sides. Since both the opening / closing shaft portions 20 are arranged on the same axis, the floor window 12 can be opened / closed using the opening / closing shaft portion 20 as a rotation shaft. Thereby, the lower side 14b of the floor window 12 becomes an opening / closing axis, and the upper side 14a of the floor window 12 is opened.
また、開閉軸部２０は移動できるように形成されるため、開閉軸部２０は外枠１１ｂに沿って床窓１２を移動することができる。図４に示すように、開閉軸部２０はローラー状に形成され、ローラー状に形成された開閉軸部が回転することで、開閉軸部２０を介して床窓１２を移動させることができる。 Moreover, since the opening / closing shaft part 20 is formed to be movable, the opening / closing shaft part 20 can move the floor window 12 along the outer frame 11b. As shown in FIG. 4, the opening / closing shaft portion 20 is formed in a roller shape, and the floor window 12 can be moved via the opening / closing shaft portion 20 by the rotation of the opening / closing shaft portion formed in the roller shape.
開閉軸部２０は外枠１１ｂに沿って移動できるものであればよい。例えば、開閉軸部２０は回転体で形成しなくともよく、外枠１１ｂに沿って開閉軸部２０を介して床窓１２を移動することができればよい。また、開閉軸部２０も床窓１２を開閉する際の開閉軸となるヒンジの役割を果たせばよい。例えば開閉軸部２０は床窓１２を軸支するものではなく、床窓１２を移動体に蝶着するようなものでもよい。 The opening / closing shaft portion 20 may be anything that can move along the outer frame 11b. For example, the opening / closing shaft part 20 does not need to be formed of a rotating body, and it is sufficient that the floor window 12 can be moved through the opening / closing shaft part 20 along the outer frame 11b. The opening / closing shaft portion 20 may also serve as a hinge that serves as an opening / closing shaft when the floor window 12 is opened / closed. For example, the opening / closing shaft portion 20 does not pivotally support the floor window 12 but may be one in which the floor window 12 is hinged to the moving body.
ローラー状に形成された開閉軸部２０には金属製の車輪や、その車輪に弾性をもったタイヤを装着したものなどを用いることができる。とくに弾性素材を表面に使用した場合は動作音を抑えることができる。 As the opening / closing shaft portion 20 formed in a roller shape, a metal wheel or a wheel equipped with an elastic tire can be used. In particular, when an elastic material is used on the surface, operation noise can be suppressed.
反転支持部３０は、図４に示すように、床窓１２の縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄに床窓１２を回動自在に軸支する床窓用接合部３１と、伸縮自在の支持部３３と、長さが固定の腕部３４と、床窓用接合部３１よりも上辺１４ａ側の外枠１１ｂに反転支持部３０を回動自在に軸支する外枠用接合部３２とを備え、床窓１２を外枠１１ｂに支持している。 As shown in FIG. 4, the inversion support portion 30 includes a floor window joint 31 that pivotally supports the floor window 12 on the vertical sides 14 c and 14 d of the floor window 12, a telescopic support portion 33, and the like. An arm portion 34 having a fixed length, and an outer frame joint portion 32 that pivotally supports the reverse support portion 30 on the outer frame 11b on the upper side 14a side of the floor window joint portion 31. 12 is supported by the outer frame 11b.
支持部３３は縦辺１４ｃ、１４ｄの床窓用接合部３１の軸を移動するように、刳り抜かれたレール３３ａを設け、床窓用接合部３１の軸がレール３３ａ内を移動することで床窓用接合部３１と外枠用接合部３２との間の長さを変える。 The support portion 33 is provided with a rail 33a that is hollowed out so as to move the axis of the floor window joint portion 31 of the vertical sides 14c and 14d, and the axis of the floor window joint portion 31 moves in the rail 33a to move the floor. The length between the window joint 31 and the outer frame joint 32 is changed.
また、支持部３０は伸縮自在であればいいので、図７に示すように油圧式ダンパーやモータ式ダンパーなどのダンパーを使用することもできる。ダンパーを使用することで床窓１２はダンパーから付勢され、開口時に小さい力で開口することができる。 Moreover, since the support part 30 should just be telescopic, dampers, such as a hydraulic damper and a motor type damper, can also be used as shown in FIG. By using the damper, the floor window 12 is urged from the damper and can be opened with a small force when opened.
反転支持部３０の床窓用接合部３１と外枠用接合部３２を前述とは逆に設けることもできる。床窓用接合部３１を外枠用接合部３２よりも上辺１４ａ側に設けても、同様の動作を行う。 The floor window joint portion 31 and the outer frame joint portion 32 of the reversal support portion 30 may be provided in the opposite manner. Even if the floor window joint 31 is provided on the upper side 14a side of the outer frame joint 32, the same operation is performed.
床窓用接合部３１は、床窓１２が回動自在になるように、床窓１２を軸支している。対して、外枠用接合部３２は、反転支持部３０が回動自在になるように、外枠１１ｂに反転支持部３０を軸支している。よって、反転支持部３０は外枠用接合部３２を軸に床窓１２の開閉の回動方向と逆方向の回動を行う。 The floor window joint 31 pivotally supports the floor window 12 so that the floor window 12 is rotatable. On the other hand, the outer frame joint portion 32 pivotally supports the reverse support portion 30 on the outer frame 11b so that the reverse support portion 30 is rotatable. Therefore, the inversion support part 30 rotates in the direction opposite to the opening / closing rotation direction of the floor window 12 around the outer frame joint part 32.
レール４０は外枠１１ｂに設けられ、開閉軸部２０（以下、ローラー状に形成された開閉軸部２０をローラーヒンジ２０という）が沿って移動できるようにレール状に形成されている。レール４０の形状はローラーヒンジ２０の形状に合わせた形状であればよい。ただし、開閉時にローラーヒンジ２０には図３上において、上下方向の力が加わり、そのため外枠１１から外れてしまわないように、ローラーヒンジ２０の上下を覆う形状が好ましい。 The rail 40 is provided on the outer frame 11b, and is formed in a rail shape so that the opening / closing shaft portion 20 (hereinafter, the opening / closing shaft portion 20 formed in a roller shape is referred to as a roller hinge 20) can be moved. The shape of the rail 40 may be a shape that matches the shape of the roller hinge 20. However, the shape which covers the upper and lower sides of the roller hinge 20 is preferable so that a force in the vertical direction is applied to the roller hinge 20 in FIG.
制動部４１はレールと同一に形成され、ローラーヒンジ２０の移動を制動する。レール４０はローラーヒンジ２０の移動を制動できればいいので、板状のストッパなどでもよい。 The brake part 41 is formed in the same manner as the rail, and brakes the movement of the roller hinge 20. The rail 40 may be a plate-like stopper or the like as long as it can brake the movement of the roller hinge 20.
床窓１２の上辺には床窓１２を引き上げるための取手１５を設ける。 A handle 15 for raising the floor window 12 is provided on the upper side of the floor window 12.
本発明に係る第１の実施の形態のクレーン１００の動作を説明する。図４に床窓１２が閉口状態、図５に床窓１２の開閉動作の途中、図６に床窓１２の開口状態を示す。 The operation of the crane 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. 4 shows a closed state of the floor window 12, FIG. 5 shows an opening / closing operation of the floor window 12, and FIG. 6 shows an opened state of the floor window 12.
図４に示すように、床窓反転機構１０は水平から９度〜１５度の角度となるようにクレーン１００の運転室６１に設置され、運転室６１の下方の作業を確認することができる。床窓１２が閉口状態にあるとき、反転支持部３０の接合部３１と接合部３２の間の長さは最短の長さになっている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the floor window reversing mechanism 10 is installed in the cab 61 of the crane 100 so as to be at an angle of 9 to 15 degrees from the horizontal, and work under the cab 61 can be confirmed. When the floor window 12 is in the closed state, the length between the joint portion 31 and the joint portion 32 of the inversion support portion 30 is the shortest length.
床窓１２の上辺１４ａを開方向に引き上げる。すると、床窓１２はローラーヒンジ２０によって軸支されているため、下辺１４ｂを開閉軸として、図５において左回りに回動する。反転支持部３０は支持部３３の長さを床窓１２の回動に合わせて伸ばしながら、両端の床窓用接合部３１、外枠用接合部３２が回動し、床窓１２の開閉動作を支える。このとき、反転支持部３０は外枠用接合部３２を回動軸として、床窓１２とは反対方向の回動を行う。 The upper side 14a of the floor window 12 is pulled up in the opening direction. Then, since the floor window 12 is pivotally supported by the roller hinge 20, the floor window 12 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. The reversing support portion 30 extends the length of the support portion 33 in accordance with the rotation of the floor window 12, and the floor window joint portions 31 and the outer frame joint portions 32 rotate to open and close the floor window 12. Support. At this time, the inversion support portion 30 rotates in the direction opposite to the floor window 12 with the outer frame joint portion 32 as a rotation axis.
開閉軸部２０と反転支持部３０の連動により床窓１２は開いていく。この床窓１２の開閉回動動作を開閉回動という。開閉回動は反転支持部３０の支持部３３の長さが最も長くなるまで、そのままの状態で進む。 The floor window 12 is opened by the interlocking of the opening / closing shaft portion 20 and the reverse support portion 30. This opening / closing rotation operation of the floor window 12 is referred to as opening / closing rotation. The opening / closing rotation proceeds as it is until the length of the support portion 33 of the reverse support portion 30 becomes the longest.
図５に示す状態は、丁度、支持部３３の長さが長くなった状態を示す。このとき床窓の開口動作角は鋭角である。 The state shown in FIG. 5 shows a state where the length of the support portion 33 has just increased. At this time, the opening angle of the floor window is an acute angle.
次に、ローラーヒンジ２０を外枠１１ｂに沿って、外枠１１ｂの上辺１４ａ方向にレール４０内で移動させていく。このとき反転支持部３０の床窓用接合部３１を軸に床窓１２の回動が始まる。この回動を反転回動という。同時にローラーヒンジ２０を開閉軸にする開閉回動も引き続き行われており、床窓１２の開口動作角の角度も大きくなっていく。 Next, the roller hinge 20 is moved in the rail 40 in the direction of the upper side 14a of the outer frame 11b along the outer frame 11b. At this time, the rotation of the floor window 12 starts around the floor window joint 31 of the reversal support section 30. This rotation is called reverse rotation. At the same time, opening / closing rotation using the roller hinge 20 as an opening / closing axis is continued, and the opening operation angle of the floor window 12 is also increased.
図６に示すように、床窓１２の開口動作角が鈍角になったとき、すなわち、床窓１２の運転室６１から見て外側の面が運転室６１内に向いたとき、ローラーヒンジ２０がレール４０に設けた制動部４１で制止する。制動部４１があるためにローラーヒンジ２０の移動がそれ以上は行われず、よって、床窓１２の開閉動作も止まり、床窓１２の開口動作は終了する。このとき床窓１２の開口動作角は鈍角を示し、運転室から外側の面が運転室内に向いた状態になる。さらにこのとき、床窓１２を平面投影すると、床窓１２の上辺１４ａは、外枠１１ｂからはみ出ていない、または少しはみ出す程度である。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the opening operating angle of the floor window 12 becomes an obtuse angle, that is, when the outer surface of the floor window 12 as viewed from the cab 61 faces the cab 61, the roller hinge 20 is Stopping is performed by a braking portion 41 provided on the rail 40. Since the braking portion 41 is present, the roller hinge 20 is not moved any further, and therefore the opening / closing operation of the floor window 12 is stopped, and the opening operation of the floor window 12 is ended. At this time, the opening operation angle of the floor window 12 is an obtuse angle, and the outer surface from the cab is in a state of facing the cab. At this time, when the floor window 12 is planarly projected, the upper side 14a of the floor window 12 does not protrude from the outer frame 11b or only slightly protrudes.
反転支持部３０の床窓用接合部３１、外枠用接合部３２に、それぞれの回動を止めるロック機能を設ければ、ロックをかけることで、床窓１２は閉方向への回動ができずに固定され、安全に清掃作業を行うことができる。また、レール４０にローラーヒンジ２０の移動をロックするための機能を設け、ローラーヒンジ２０の移動が戻らないようにすれば、開方向及び閉方向どちらにも回動はできず、床窓１２を固定した状態で清掃作業を行うことができる。 If the floor window joint portion 31 and the outer frame joint portion 32 of the inversion support portion 30 are provided with a lock function for stopping the rotation, the floor window 12 can be rotated in the closing direction by applying the lock. It is fixed without being able to be done and can be cleaned safely. Further, if the rail 40 is provided with a function for locking the movement of the roller hinge 20 so that the movement of the roller hinge 20 does not return, the rail 40 cannot be rotated in either the opening direction or the closing direction, and the floor window 12 Cleaning work can be performed in a fixed state.
図７は本発明に係る第２の実施の形態のクレーン１００の運転室６１の床窓反転機構１
０の開状態を示す。反転支持部５０は床窓用接合部５１と外枠用接合部５２とダンパー５３（支持部）を備える。ダンパー５３（支持部）は床窓１２を付勢し、外枠１１ｂに支持している。本発明に係る第２の実施の形態において、ダンパー５３（支持部）の付勢により、床窓１２が閉状態のとき、開閉ストッパを開くと、ダンパー５３（支持部）によって床窓１２は上辺１４ａが少し立ち上がる。
FIG. 7 shows the floor window reversing mechanism 1 of the cab 61 of the crane 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
An open state of 0 is shown. The inversion support part 50 includes a floor window joint part 51, an outer frame joint part 52, and a damper 53 (support part). The damper 53 (support part) urges the floor window 12 and supports it on the outer frame 11b. In the second embodiment according to the present invention, when the opening / closing stopper is opened when the floor window 12 is in the closed state due to the biasing of the damper 53 (support part), the floor window 12 is moved to the upper side by the damper 53 (support part). 14a stands up a little.
クレーンの運転室６１に上記の床窓反転機構１０を設置する。図８に示すように、床窓１２は反転動作中および反転が完了した状態において、床窓１２が平面視で外枠１１ｂから外の領域にはみ出ることがない。そのため運転室６１内の運転室コンソール６７や運転席６８の配置をわざわざ変えなくても、床窓１２は運転室コンソール６７や運転席６８などにぶつからない。 The floor window reversing mechanism 10 is installed in the cab 61 of the crane. As shown in FIG. 8, the floor window 12 does not protrude from the outer frame 11b in a plan view when the floor window 12 is in the reversing operation and in a state where the reversal is completed. Therefore, the floor window 12 does not collide with the driver's cab console 67 or the driver's seat 68 without changing the arrangement of the driver's cab console 67 and the driver's seat 68 in the driver's cab 61.
また、床窓１２が反転した際に、運転室６１から見て床窓１２の外面の全面を運転室６１の室内に向けることができる。そのため、安全且つ効率的に床窓１２の清掃を行うことができる。 Further, when the floor window 12 is reversed, the entire outer surface of the floor window 12 as viewed from the cab 61 can be directed to the interior of the cab 61. Therefore, the floor window 12 can be cleaned safely and efficiently.
床窓１２の開口動作角度は鈍角である必要はなく、床窓１２が開口状態のときに、床窓１２の運転室６１より外側の面が運転室６１内に向けばよい。 The opening operation angle of the floor window 12 does not need to be an obtuse angle. When the floor window 12 is in an open state, the surface outside the cab 61 of the floor window 12 may be directed into the cab 61.
本発明に係る実施の形態として、クレーン１００の運転室６１の床窓反転機構１０を説明したが、この運転室６１の床窓反転機構１０を岸壁クレーン、門型のヤードクレーン、ゴライアスクレーン、ジブクレーン、タワークレーン、アンローダークレーン、及び天井クレーンなどのクレーンに設け、高所に設けた床窓を、運転室内から安全に清掃することができる。また、高所で床窓が必要な設備、例えば高層建築物の展望台など床窓に適用可能である。加えて、床窓反転機構１０は床窓１２に限らず、横すべり出し窓や縦すべり出し窓、もしくは天窓に利用することもできる。その際、内側から窓の外側を清掃することができる効果の他に、開口時に開口面積を大きくすることができるという効果もある。 As the embodiment according to the present invention, the floor window reversing mechanism 10 of the cab 61 of the crane 100 has been described. It is possible to safely clean floor windows provided in high places in cranes such as tower cranes, unloader cranes, and overhead cranes from the cab. Moreover, the present invention can be applied to floor windows such as facilities that require floor windows at high places, such as observation decks for high-rise buildings. In addition, the floor window reversing mechanism 10 is not limited to the floor window 12, but can be used for a horizontal sliding window, a vertical sliding window, or a skylight. At that time, in addition to the effect of cleaning the outside of the window from the inside, there is also an effect that the opening area can be increased at the time of opening.
本発明のクレーンの運転室は、床窓の運転室より外側の面を運転室内に向けることができ、床窓の清掃が運転室内から行うことができるため、岸壁クレーン、門型のヤードクレーン、ゴライアスクレーン、ジブクレーン、タワークレーン、アンローダークレーン、及び天井クレーンなどのクレーンの運転室に適用できる。加えて、高層建築物の展望台などの高所での床窓が必要な設備にも適用できる。 The cab of the crane of the present invention can face the outside of the cab of the floor window into the cab, and the floor window can be cleaned from the cab, so a quay crane, a gated yard crane, It can be applied to cabs of cranes such as Goliath cranes, jib cranes, tower cranes, unloader cranes, and overhead cranes. In addition, it can be applied to facilities that require floor windows at high places such as observation decks for high-rise buildings.
１０ 床窓反転機構 ３３ 支持部
１１ 床面 ４０ レール
１１ａ 開口部 ４１ 制動部
１１ｂ 外枠 ５０ 反転支持部
１２ 床窓 ５１、５２ 接合部
２０ 開閉軸部（ローラーヒンジ） ５３ ダンパー（支持部）
３０ 反転支持部 ６１ クレーンの運転室
３１、３２ 接合部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Floor window inversion mechanism 33 Support part 11 Floor surface 40 Rail 11a Opening part 41 Braking part 11b Outer frame 50 Inversion support part 12 Floor window 51,52 Joint part 20 Opening-closing axis part (roller hinge) 53 Damper (support part)
30 Inversion support part 61 Crane cab 31, 32 joint
Claims (5)
前記下辺の延設方向の両端からこの延設方向に突設されてこの下辺の延設方向の両端と対向する前記外枠の部分に向かう一対の開閉軸部と、前記縦辺と対向する前記外枠に設置されて前記開閉軸部をこの外枠に沿って案内するレールと、一対の前記縦辺とこの縦辺に対向する外枠とを連結する反転支持部とを備え、
前記レールが前記外枠に沿って案内された前記開閉軸部を制動する制動部を備え、
前記反転支持部が、前記縦辺から前記外枠に向かって突設される床窓用接合部と、この外枠から前記縦辺に向かって突設される外枠用接合部と、前記床窓用接合部に回動可能に連結される支持部と、この支持部から延設され他端を前記外枠用接合部に回動可能に連結される腕部とを備え、
前記床窓の前記上辺を前記運転室の室内側に引いて前記床窓を開く際に、前記支持部が前記床窓用接合部と前記外枠用接合部との間の距離の変化を吸収しつつ前記床窓用接合部を軸にして前記床窓を反転させて、前記開閉軸部が前記レールに沿って移動して前記制動部で制止され、閉止時の前記床窓の面方向に対して開口時の前記床窓の面方向のなす角が鈍角になったとき、前記反転支持部の長さが最も長くなって、前記床窓が前記運転室内に配置される運転室コンソールおよび運転席にぶつからない状態にする構成にしたことを特徴とするクレーンの運転室。 An opening formed in the floor of the cab of the crane, and the outer frame which is installed along the opening, and a floor window is disposed in the outer frame, the floor window upper edge and its opposite In the cab of the crane consisting of a window frame composed of a lower side and a pair of vertical sides connecting them, and a transmission part arranged inside the window frame ,
A pair of opening and closing shaft section towards the portion of the outer frame which are projected in the extending direction from the extending direction of both ends of the lower side at both ends facing in the extending direction of the lower side, facing the longitudinal edges A rail that is installed on the outer frame and guides the opening / closing shaft along the outer frame; and a reverse support unit that connects the pair of vertical sides and the outer frame facing the vertical sides ,
The rail includes a braking portion that brakes the opening / closing shaft portion guided along the outer frame,
The inversion support portion is a floor window joint projecting from the vertical side toward the outer frame, an outer frame joint projecting from the outer frame toward the vertical side, and the floor A support part rotatably connected to the window joint part, and an arm part extending from the support part and rotatably connected to the outer frame joint part,
The upper side of the floor window in the rather floor windows opened by pulling the interior side of the cab, the change in the distance between the support portion and the floor window joint and the outer frame for joint Reversing the floor window around the floor window joint while absorbing , the opening and closing shaft part moves along the rail and is restrained by the braking part, the surface direction of the floor window when closed When the angle formed by the surface direction of the floor window at the time of opening becomes an obtuse angle, the length of the inversion support portion is the longest, and the cab console in which the floor window is disposed in the cab and Crane operator's cab characterized by a configuration that does not hit the driver's seat .
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| JPS61189084U (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-25 | ||
| JPH02213577A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-24 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Opening/closing device for window |
| JPH04122181U (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-11-02 | 松下電工株式会社 | Structure of bay window top light |
| JP4876947B2 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2012-02-15 | オイレスＥｃｏ株式会社 | Natural ventilation window |
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