JP5795511B2 - Position sensor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a position sensor that detects an operation position.

  In a vehicle equipped with a transmission, the operation position of the shift lever is detected by a position sensor, and the detection result is reflected in the connection state of the transmission. For example, when the drive position is selected by a shift operation, the connection state of the transmission Is switched to the forward gear. In Patent Document 1, the shift gate is set in an H-shape so that the shift lever can be operated along the shift direction that is the vehicle longitudinal direction and the select direction that is the vehicle width direction, and the shift operation along this gate is detected. A position sensor is disclosed. And according to the above document, the shift-side magnet is detected by the detection element group for shift, the select-side magnet is detected by the detection element group for selection, and based on the combination of detection signals by each detection element, The operating position of the shift lever is specified.

JP 2008-239057 A (paragraph [0029], paragraph [0031], etc.)

However, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires two magnets such as a shift side and a select side, so that the number of parts is large and the sensor may be increased in size.
The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a position sensor that can be miniaturized.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a magnet that generates magnetic flux and a detection element that is disposed opposite to the magnet and detects the magnetic flux generated by the magnet, and is accompanied by operation of the shift lever. In the position sensor that detects the operation position of the shift lever based on a combination of detection signals from the detection element and the magnet and the detection element are relatively displaced, the magnet moves along with the operation of the shift lever. The displacement of the detection element relative to the movement distance is changed relative to the detection element along a predetermined straight line defined as any straight line selected from a plurality of straight lines. A plurality of the detection elements having a predetermined interval on a straight line that intersects the predetermined straight line; Based on the combination of the detection signal by the detection device, comprising a specifying means for specifying an operation position of the shift lever, the shift lever is operated and along at least two straight lines in the shifting direction, one in the select direction The predetermined straight line is selected by rotation of the magnet from a plurality of straight lines in which the magnet and the detection element move relative to each other by the operation of the shift lever in the select direction. In addition, the gist is that the magnet and the detection element relatively move along the selected predetermined straight line by the operation of the shift lever in the shift direction .

  According to the same configuration, when the magnet is linearly moved relative to the straight line provided with each detection element in accordance with the operation of the shift lever, the detection signal from each detection element is detected at each angle formed by both straight lines. Output difference is uniquely determined. For this reason, it is possible to first identify which line the shift lever is on based on the output difference of each detection signal, and then to shift to which operation position on the above identified line based on the value of each detection signal itself. It becomes possible to identify whether there is a lever. And when specifying an operation position in this way, it becomes possible to cope with a single magnet without increasing the number of the magnets by devising the magnetizing mode of the magnet. Therefore, the size can be reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the position sensor according to the first aspect of the invention, the output difference between the detection signals uniquely determined for each angle formed by the two straight lines is defined as a reference value based on the interval between the detection elements. Then, the output difference of the detection signal by each detection element is compared with the reference value. As a result of the comparison, any detection is performed on the condition that the output difference exceeds a predetermined tolerance with respect to the reference value. The gist of the invention is to provide a failure determination means for determining a failure of an element. According to this configuration, it becomes possible to avoid detection of the operation position using the detection element determined to be faulty by making it possible to determine the fault of the detection element.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the position sensor according to the first or second aspect, at least three of the detection elements are provided at a predetermined interval on a straight line that intersects the predetermined straight line. Is the gist. According to this configuration, the failure of any one of the detection elements is determined based on the fact that the output difference of the detection signal from each detection element is uniquely determined for each angle formed by both straight lines based on the interval between the detection elements. Even in such a case, the operation position can be detected using the remaining detection elements.

  According to the present invention, downsizing can be achieved.

The conceptual diagram which shows the setting aspect about the operation position detected by the position sensor of this embodiment. The side view which shows the structure of a position sensor, the perspective view which shows the magnetization aspect of a magnet, and the top view of the board | substrate which shows arrangement | positioning of Hall IC. The conceptual diagram which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship of a magnet and Hall IC for every operation position. The graph which shows the output voltage by Hall IC. The figure explaining the principle which an output difference produces in the output voltage by each Hall IC. The block diagram which shows the electric constitution of a position sensor.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described in which the present invention is applied to a shift device for switching the connection state of a vehicle transmission, and is embodied in a position sensor that detects an operation position of a shift lever included in the shift device. As a shift device of this type, in recent years, the shift lever and the vehicle transmission are mechanically separated, and mechanical shift operation by the shift lever is converted into an electrical operation signal, and the operation signal is A so-called shift-by-wire system has been proposed in which an actuator is operated to switch the connection state of a vehicle transmission. The position sensor of the present embodiment is applied to the shift device using the shift-by-wire method, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the shift sensor and the vehicle transmission are mechanically connected to the shift device. May be applied. In addition, the shift device has a stationary type that keeps the shift lever in the selected position even if the hand is released from the shift lever after selecting the shift position, and the shift lever is moved to the home position when the hand is released from the shift lever after selecting the shift position. There is a momentary type to return to. The position sensor of this embodiment is applied to a momentary type shift device, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to a stationary type shift device.

  The shift device of the present embodiment is disposed between the driver's seat and the passenger seat, and the shift lever included in the shift device is provided with a shift knob at an end portion on the operation side by the driver. A position sensor is provided at the opposite end, that is, at the final end. When the driver operates the shift knob, the operation position of the shift knob is detected by the position sensor, and the detection result is reflected in the connection state of the vehicle transmission.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shift lever is allowed to operate along the shift gate in the shift direction, which is the vehicle longitudinal direction, and in the select direction, which is the vehicle width direction. An operation along one straight line and an operation along a second straight line parallel to the first straight line are allowed. Three operation positions such as a reverse position, a neutral position, and a drive position are set on the first straight line, and two operation positions such as a home position and a regenerative brake position are set on the second straight line. Is set.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the position sensor 1 is a single magnet 10 that moves integrally with the shift lever in accordance with the operation of the shift lever, and is fixedly arranged facing the lower surface of the magnet 10. The three Hall ICs 21 to 23 mounted on the substrate 20 are provided. The Hall ICs 21 to 23 are provided at regular intervals on a straight line along the select direction. A straight line provided with the Hall ICs 21 to 23 is defined as a reference line of the Hall ICs 21 to 23. On the other hand, the lower surface side of the magnet 10 facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23 is magnetized so that a half region is an N pole and the remaining half region is an S pole, and the upper surface side of the magnet 10 is The upper part of the N pole on the lower surface side is magnetized to the S pole, and the upper part of the S pole on the lower surface side is magnetized to the N pole. That is, when the magnet 10 is virtually divided into four parts so as to be equal in the vertical and horizontal directions, the magnetic poles are alternately set so that the N pole and the S pole are adjacent in the vertical and horizontal directions. And, on the upper surface side or the lower surface side of the magnet 10, the center of the magnetic pole from the first end portion to the second end portion of the magnet 10 among the straight lines along the direction in which the N pole and the S pole are arranged in parallel. A straight line passing through is defined as a reference line of the magnet 10.

  And when the shift lever is operated along the shift gate under such a magnetization mode, the arrangement relationship between the magnet 10 and the Hall ICs 21 to 23 becomes the mode shown in FIG. 3 for each operation position. At this time, the output voltages of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are in the form shown in FIG. 3 shows the magnetic poles on the lower surface side of the magnet 10 facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23, while the magnetic poles on the upper surface side of the magnet 10 are not shown for convenience of explanation.

  First, as can be understood from FIG. 3, when the shift lever is at a selected position of the R position, N position, and D position on the first straight line, the reference line of the magnet 10 and the Hall IC 21 The angle θ1 formed with the reference line of ˜23 is set to 75 degrees. On the other hand, when the shift lever is at either the H position or the B position on the second straight line, the angle θ2 formed by the reference line of the magnet 10 and the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 is 105 degrees. Is set. In order to allow the movement of the magnet 10 in such a manner, the operation mechanism of the shift lever is constructed in a form including a guide member and a slider. That is, when the shift lever is operated along the shift direction, the magnet 10 linearly moves along the reference line of the magnet 10 in the slider, and when the shift lever is operated along the select direction, the magnet 10 rotates together with the slider in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner as guided by the guide member.

  Next, as understood from FIG. 4, when the shift lever is operated from the R position to the D position via the N position along the first straight line, the output voltages V1 to V3 by the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are operated. In this case, the magnitude relationship of V1> V2> V3 is maintained, and the respective slopes are in a positive proportional relationship. This is because the magnet 10 is set in such a manner that the change in magnetic flux density with respect to the moving distance of the magnet 10 along the reference line of the magnet 10 has a proportional relationship, and faces the Hall ICs 21 to 23. This is because the magnetic poles on the surface are switched from the S pole to the N pole in the order of the Hall IC 21, Hall IC 22, and Hall IC 23. Each Hall IC 21 to 23 outputs an intermediate voltage of 2.5 V when facing the boundary position between the S pole and the N pole, like the position where the Hall IC 22 is arranged at the N position in FIG. . Then, when facing the N pole as in the position where the Hall IC 21 is arranged at the same N position, a voltage larger than 2.5 V is output, and as at the position where the Hall IC 23 is arranged at the N position. When opposed to the S pole, a voltage smaller than 2.5V is output.

  On the other hand, when the shift lever is operated from the H position to the B position along the second straight line, the output voltages V1 to V3 by the Hall ICs 21 to 23 in this case have a magnitude relationship of V1 <V2 <V3. Each slope is in a positive proportional relationship while being maintained. This is because, contrary to the case where the shift lever is operated along the first straight line, the Hall IC 23, the Hall IC 22 and the Hall IC 21 are switched from the S pole to the N pole in this order.

  Here, the principle of generating output differences in the output voltages V1 to V3 by the Hall ICs 21 to 23 will be described. In this example, as shown in FIG. 5, the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are fixedly arranged on a straight line at equal intervals, and the reference line of the magnet 10 intersects with the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23. The magnet 10 linearly moves from a position facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23 on the − direction side to a position facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23 on the + direction side. In the magnet 10, the magnetic poles on the surfaces facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are set to the S pole on the − direction side and to the N pole on the + direction side.

  First, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, the case where the magnet 10 moves at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 will be described. In this case, when the magnet 10 faces the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the S pole on the negative direction side, each Hall IC 21 to 23 detects the same magnetic flux density near the end of the S pole. Therefore, the output voltages V1 to V3 are small in the same manner. As the magnet 10 moves to the position facing the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the N pole on the + direction side, the output voltages V1 to V3 gradually increase in the same manner.

  Next, the case where the magnet 10 moves at an angle of 95 degrees with respect to the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 as shown in the middle part of FIG. 5 will be described. In this case, when the magnet 10 faces the Hall IC 22 among the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the S pole on the negative direction side, the Hall IC 21 is arranged closer to the positive direction than the Hall IC 22 and the Hall IC 23. Is arranged closer to the negative direction than the Hall IC 22. At this time, the Hall ICs 21 to 23 detect different magnetic flux densities in the vicinity thereof, and therefore the output voltages V1 to V3 satisfy V1 <V2 <V3 in the form in which the output voltage V3 from the Hall IC 23 becomes the largest. It becomes big and small relationship. As the magnet 10 moves to the position facing the Hall IC 22 among the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the N pole on the + direction side, the output voltages V1 to V3 have a magnitude relationship of V1 <V2 <V3. It will gradually become bigger in the form of maintaining

  Next, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5, the case where the magnet 10 moves at an angle of 100 degrees with respect to the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 will be described. In this case, when the magnet 10 is opposed to the Hall IC 22 among the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the S pole on the negative direction side, the Hall IC 21 is further further than the Hall IC 22 in comparison with the case of 95 degrees. The Hall IC 23 is disposed closer to the − direction than the Hall IC 22 while being disposed closer to the + direction. At this time, the Hall ICs 21 to 23 detect different magnetic flux densities in the vicinity of the Hall ICs 23 to 23. Therefore, the output voltages V1 to V3 are different from those in the case of 95 degrees, while the output difference is widened. The magnitude relationship of V1 <V2 <V3 is established in the form in which the output voltage V3 due to is maximized. As the magnet 10 moves to the position facing the Hall IC 22 of the Hall ICs 21 to 23 near the end of the N pole on the + direction side, the output voltages V1 to V3 are maintained with the above output difference. It gradually becomes larger in the form of maintaining the magnitude relationship of V1 <V2 <V3.

  As understood from this, when the magnet 10 moves at an angle of 90 degrees <θ <180 degrees with respect to the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23, a magnitude relationship of V1 <V2 <V3 is obtained. At the same time, the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined for each angle. On the other hand, although not shown in the figure, when the magnet 10 moves at an angle of 0 degree <θ <90 degrees with respect to the reference lines of the Hall ICs 21 to 23, based on the same principle as described above, in this case, V1 The magnitude relationship of> V2> V3 is obtained, and the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined for each angle. Therefore, as in this example, by setting the intervals between the Hall ICs 21 to 23 to be equal intervals, for example, the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined for each angle formed by both straight lines based on the interval. It will be. In the example of FIG. 4, when the angle θ1 formed by both straight lines is 75 degrees, the value of the output difference “V1−V2” and the value of the output difference “V2−V3” are “+ 1V”, respectively. The value of the output difference “V1−V3” is “+ 2V”. Similarly, when the angle θ2 formed by both straight lines is 105 degrees, the value of the output difference “V1−V2” and the value of the output difference “V2−V3” are “−1V”, respectively, and the output difference “V1−V1”. The value of “V3” is “−2V”.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are electrically connected to the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30. The shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 monitors the output voltages V1 to V3 from the Hall ICs 21 to 23 and specifies the operation position of the shift lever based on the combination of the output voltages V1 to V3.

Next, the operation of the position sensor 1 will be described.
When the shift lever is not operated by the vehicle user, the lever is in the selected position of the H position. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the output voltage V1 from the Hall IC 21 is 1.5V, the output voltage V2 from the Hall IC 22 is 2.5V, and the output voltage from the Hall IC 23 is 3.5V. The shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 first sets the output difference “V1−V2” and the output difference “V2−V3” to “−1V” for the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3. Based on the fact that the value of the output difference “V1−V3” is “−2V”, it is determined that the angle between the two straight lines is 105 degrees, that is, the shift lever is on the second straight line. Next, the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 specifies that there is a shift lever at the H position on the specified second straight line based on the values of the output voltages V1 to V3. Note that the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 compares the output differences of the output voltages V1 to V3 with reference values while taking into account a predetermined tolerance, thereby determining the failure of the Hall ICs 21 to 23. When an output difference that exceeds the tolerance with respect to the reference value is obtained, the operation position is specified based on the output voltages of the two Hall ICs that have obtained the correct output difference, and the output difference greatly deviates. Determine the failure of the Hall IC that caused the problem.

  When the shift lever is operated from the H position to the D position via the N position, the output voltage V1 by the Hall IC 21 is 4.5 V at the selected position of the D position, as shown in FIG. The output voltage V2 from the Hall IC 22 is 3.5V, and the output voltage from the Hall IC 23 is 2.5V. In this case, the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 first determines that the output difference “V1−V2” and the output difference “V2−V3” are “+ 1V” for the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3. In addition, based on the value of the output difference “V1−V3” being “+ 2V”, it is specified that the angle formed by both straight lines is 75 degrees, that is, the shift lever is on the first straight line. Next, the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 specifies that there is a shift lever at the D position on the specified first straight line based on the values of the output voltages V1 to V3. When the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 specifies the D position as the operation position as described above, the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 switches the connection state of the transmission to the forward gear stage. As a result, the vehicle can travel forward.

  Even when an operation position other than the H position or the D position is selected, according to the above principle, whether the shift lever is on the first straight line based on the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3. Whether it is on the second straight line is specified. By the way, as in this example, the first straight line in which the angle between both straight lines is less than 90 degrees and the second straight line in which the angle between both straight lines exceeds 90 degrees are selected. When the magnet 10 is displaced relative to the Hall ICs 21 to 23 along any of the straight lines, the straight line can be specified by the following simple method. That is, instead of specifying a straight line based on the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3, if the magnitude relationship between the output voltages V1 to V3 is V1> V2> V3, the first straight line is specified and V1 <V2 In the case of <V3, the second straight line can be specified. Next, in any of the above methods, it is specified which operation position on the specified straight line the shift lever is based on the values of the output voltages V1 to V3. At the same time, the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is compared with the reference value, and if the output difference is greatly deviated, the failure of the Hall IC is determined based on that.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When the magnet 10 is relatively linearly moved in an intersecting manner with the straight line provided with the respective Hall ICs 21 to 23 in accordance with the operation of the shift lever, the Hall ICs 21 to 23 are provided for each angle formed by the two straight lines. The output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined. For this reason, first, it is possible to specify on which straight line the shift lever is based on the output difference of each output voltage V1 to V3, and then on the above specified straight line based on the value of each output voltage V1 to V3 itself. It becomes possible to specify the operating position of the shift lever. And when specifying an operation position in this way, it becomes possible to deal with a single magnet 10 without increasing the number of the magnets by devising the magnetizing mode of the magnets. Therefore, the size can be reduced.

  (2) By setting the intervals between the Hall ICs 21 to 23 to, for example, equal intervals as in this example, the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined based on the intervals. For this reason, when the output difference is largely deviated, it is possible to determine the failure of the Hall IC based on the difference.

(3) By making it possible to determine the failure of the Hall IC, it becomes possible to avoid the detection of the operation position using the Hall IC determined to be a failure.
(4) Based on the fact that the output difference between the output voltages V1 to V3 is uniquely determined for each angle formed by both straight lines based on the interval between the Hall ICs 21 to 23, the failure of any one Hall IC is determined. Even in such a case, the operation position can be detected using the remaining Hall ICs.

(5) Since three Hall ICs 21 to 23 are sufficient for detecting five operation positions, the number of detection elements can be reduced.
(6) In addition to the above (5), the number of harnesses derived from the number of output terminals of a detection element such as a Hall IC can be reduced.

In addition, the said embodiment can also be changed and actualized as follows.
In the above embodiment, the magnet 10 is magnetized in such a manner that the change in the magnetic flux density with respect to the moving distance has a proportional relationship, but the change in the output of each Hall IC 21 to 23 with respect to the moving distance has a proportional relationship. May be defined. For example, even if the change in the magnetic flux density with respect to the moving distance is not proportional, the change in the voltage output from each Hall IC 21 to 23 may be proportional. Or even if the change of the voltage output from each Hall IC 21-23 itself is not proportional, the calculation result by the shift-by-wire electronic control unit 30 based on the voltage may be proportional.

  -If at least two detection elements such as Hall ICs are provided, an output difference is generated in the detection signals by them. Based on the above principle, which line the shift lever is on and which operation on the line It becomes possible to specify whether there is a shift lever in the position. Therefore, the number of detection elements is not limited to three and may be two.

  -Four or more detection elements may be provided on the straight line which cross | intersects the reference line of the magnet 10 with a predetermined space | interval. According to this configuration, even if any one of the detection elements is determined to be faulty, the operation position can be detected using the remaining three or more detection elements, and any two of the detection elements are determined to be faulty. However, the operation position can be detected using the remaining two or more detection elements. That is, if the number of remaining normal detection elements other than the detection elements determined to be failure is two or more, based on the output difference of the detection signals by them, it can be specified on which straight line the shift lever is, Next, based on the value of each detection signal itself, it is possible to specify which operation position on the specified straight line has the shift lever.

  -Each detection element does not necessarily need to be provided at equal intervals. For example, three detection elements may be provided at a 1: 2 interval on a straight line that intersects the reference line of the magnet 10. Even when the interval is 1: 2 as in the same configuration, the output difference of the detection signal by each detection element is uniquely determined based on the interval, so when the output difference is greatly deviated, The failure of the detection element can be determined based on that.

  The detection element is not limited to the Hall IC that is excellent in detecting the strength of the change in magnetic flux, and may be, for example, a magnetoresistive element that is excellent in detecting the direction.

  The mode of relative displacement between the magnet and the detection element in accordance with the operation of the shift lever is not limited to the mode in which the magnet according to the above embodiment is movable and the detection element is fixed, but the detection element is movable and the magnet is fixed. There may be. It should be noted that both may be movable, for example, may be moved in the same direction with different amounts of movement, or may be moved in different directions.

The shift pattern is not limited to the h-shaped pattern, but may be an H-shaped pattern or a pattern in which the select direction is set in addition to the center of the shift direction.
As another example of a mode in which the magnet moves relatively linearly in a manner that intersects with the straight line provided with each detection element in accordance with the operation of the shift lever, any one selected from, for example, three or more straight lines The present invention may be applied to a shift device that allows operation of a shift lever along three or more straight lines so that the magnet is displaced relative to each detection element along the straight line. For example, in a configuration in which operations along three straight lines such as the first straight line to the third straight line are allowed, for example, when three Hall ICs 21 to 23 are provided at equal intervals on a straight line, each output voltage V1 to If V3 is “V1 + output difference a = V2 = V3−output difference a”, the first straight line is specified. On the other hand, if each of the output voltages V1 to V3 is “V1 + output difference b = V2 = V3−output difference b”, the second straight line is specified. On the other hand, if each of the output voltages V1 to V3 is “V1 + output difference c = V2 = V3−output difference c”, the third straight line is specified. The output differences a to c can be positive or negative.

  The relative linear motion of the magnet and the detection element is, for example, a side-view arc motion, as long as the angle formed by the two straight lines is within a range of 0 ° <θ <180 ° in plan view. Allowed as exercise.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Position sensor, 10 ... Magnet, 20 ... Board | substrate, 21-23 ... Hall IC (detection element), 30 ... Shift-by-wire electronic control unit (specification means, failure determination means).

Claims (3)

A magnet that generates a magnetic flux and a detection element that is disposed opposite to the magnet and detects the magnetic flux generated by the magnet; the magnet and the detection element are relatively displaced in accordance with an operation of a shift lever; and the detection element In a position sensor that detects the operation position of the shift lever based on a combination of detection signals by
The magnet is displaced relative to the detection element along a predetermined straight line defined as any straight line selected from a plurality of straight lines in accordance with the operation of the shift lever. A change in the output of the detection element with respect to the moving distance has a proportional magnetization,
A plurality of the detection elements are provided at a predetermined interval on a straight line intersecting the predetermined straight line,
Furthermore, based on a combination of detection signals by each detection element, comprising a specifying means for specifying the operation position of the shift lever ,
The shift lever is allowed to operate along at least two straight lines in the shift direction and to operate along one straight line in the select direction.
By operating the shift lever in the select direction, the predetermined straight line is selected from among a plurality of straight lines in which the magnet and the detection element move relative to each other, and the shift lever is moved in the shift direction. The position sensor, wherein the magnet and the detection element move relative to each other along the selected predetermined straight line by an operation . The position sensor according to claim 1,
Based on the interval of each detection element, the output difference of each detection signal uniquely determined for each angle formed by both straight lines is defined as a reference value,
The output difference of the detection signal by each detection element is compared with the reference value, and as a result of the comparison, the output difference of any of the detection elements exceeds the predetermined tolerance with respect to the reference value. A position sensor comprising failure determination means for determining a failure. 3. The position sensor according to claim 1, wherein each of the detection elements is provided in a number of three or more with a predetermined interval on a straight line that intersects the predetermined straight line.