JP5782086B2 - Forging machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a forging device including a mold for obtaining a molded product by forging a long solid workpiece.

  A crankshaft for an automobile is manufactured by forging. That is, for example, a rod-shaped workpiece is crushed into an elliptical shape, and a portion that becomes a weight portion is roughly molded to obtain a primary molded product, and the shape and dimensions of the primary molded product approximate to a crankshaft. The secondary molding product is formed into a rough ground, and the secondary molding product is finished into a crankshaft having a substantially final shape and dimensions (hereinafter also referred to as “crankshaft with burr”). Deburring (trimming) is performed to remove the burrs at the peripheral edge of the attached crankshaft.

  Each mold of a crushing mold, a wasteland mold, a finishing mold, and a trimming mold is usually incorporated in one forging apparatus. As described in Patent Document 1, the forging device is provided with a conveyance mechanism, and the bar-shaped workpiece, the first molded product, the second molded product, and the crankshaft with burr are under the action of the conveyance mechanism. It is transferred to a mold that performs the next process. The crankshaft is paid out under the action of the transport mechanism.

  As described above, the burr portion is finally cut off from the crankshaft and becomes scrap. Therefore, when the protrusion size of the burr portion is large, the material yield is small, and therefore it is difficult to reduce the cost.

  Thus, attempts have been made to make the burr portion as small as possible. For example, as described in Patent Document 2, prior to crushing and forming, when preforming a long and small-diameter long product (preliminary product) is performed, the processing rate is reduced and the burrs are reduced. The part becomes smaller.

  In this case, it is necessary to convey the long product to the crushing mold. As a configuration for holding and transporting this type of long product, the one described in Patent Document 3 is known in addition to the one described in Patent Document 2. That is, in this patent document 3, the structure which conveys a long product by inserting a holding part into the lower part of both ends of a long product, and raising this holding part is disclosed (especially refer to FIG. 11). .

JP-A-5-349 JP 2000-71138 A Japanese Patent No. 3377741

  In general, a preforming die for obtaining a preformed product is provided with a knockout pin for releasing the preformed product. In this case, as described in Patent Document 3, in the configuration in which the holding portion is inserted below both ends of the long product, there is a concern that the holding portion interferes with the knockout pin. Of course, when such a situation occurs, the holding unit cannot enter below the both ends of the long product, and thus the long product cannot be transported.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and it is easy for the holding portions to enter below both ends of the long molded product released by the knockout pin. An object of the present invention is to provide a forging device capable of holding and transporting the material.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mold for obtaining a molded product by forging a long solid workpiece, and a transport mechanism for transporting the molded product from the mold. A forging device comprising:
A set of knockout pins for supporting the respective ends in the longitudinal direction of the molded product and releasing the molded product are provided in the molding part of the mold,
The transport mechanism has a first holding part and a second holding part for holding each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product,
Each of the first holding part and the second holding part supports each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product from below and each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product supported by the one set of knockout pins. It is characterized by comprising a claw member in which a concave portion into which is inserted is formed.

  That is, in this forging device, a set of knockout pins is arranged at a position that supports the end of the molded product. The burr part is formed when the deformed solid workpiece meat flows into the clearance between the lower mold and the knockout pin, but the amount of meat flowing into the clearance is small because the amount of meat flow is small at the end. There are few. For this reason, the amount of burrs generated is reduced.

  Moreover, the claw member of the 1st holding | maintenance part and 2nd holding | maintenance part which comprise a conveyance mechanism is formed with the recessed part into which each edge part of the longitudinal direction of the molded product supported by the knockout pin enters. Therefore, the claw member can hold the molded product without interfering with the molded product or the knockout pin.

  That is, even when the knockout pin is disposed at the above position, it is possible to easily hold and transport the molded product that has been released by forming the recess in the claw member.

  Each of the first holding part and the second holding part preferably further includes a pressing member that presses each end face in the longitudinal direction of the molded product above the knockout pin. In this case, the molded product is pressed in the direction in which it is compressed by the pressing member of the first holding part and the pressing member of the second holding part, and is eventually held (gripped). As a result, the molded product is positioned and fixed, so that it is possible to avoid the positional deviation of the molded product during conveyance. Therefore, the molded product can be released at a predetermined position at the conveyance destination.

  In addition, the above-described gripping and holding by the claw member can be combined to stably convey the molded product.

  The knockout pin may be disposed at a position where the end including each end face in the longitudinal direction of the molded product can be pressed, in other words, at a position where each end face in the longitudinal direction of the molded product is placed on the upper end face. preferable. In this case, since each end surface in the longitudinal direction of the molded product does not exceed the end portion of the knockout pin on the side away from the molding portion, the meat of the solid workpiece is in the clearance between the end portion and the mold. There is no inflow. For this reason, the amount of burrs is further reduced.

  According to the present invention, since the knockout pin for releasing the molded product is arranged at a position that supports each end portion in the longitudinal direction of the molded product, the amount of burrs generated can be reduced. .

  On the other hand, since the claw member which constitutes the 1st holding part and the 2nd holding part for holding a molded product at the time of conveyance has formed the crevice where the molded product held at the knockout pin enters, the claw member Thus, when the molded product is held, it is avoided that the knockout pin or the molded product interferes with the claw member. For this reason, the released molded product can be easily held and transported.

It is the schematic plan view which showed the conveyance mechanism which comprises the forge processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention in relation to the manufacturing flow of a crankshaft. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the lower mold | type of the preforming die (metal mold | die) contained in the said forge processing apparatus, and the preformed product obtained by this preforming die. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state which hold | maintained the edge part of the preforming product supported by the knockout pin with the holding | maintenance part. It is the principal part expansion perspective view which expanded and showed the principal part of FIG. It is the principal part top view which removed the press member and showed the state in which the holding part hold | maintained the preform. It is a principal part top view when a press member contact | abuts to the end surface of a preforming part, and starts a press. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view when a press member contact | abuts to the end surface of a preforming part, and starts a press.

  Preferred embodiments of the forging device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, a case where a crankshaft is obtained as a forged product is illustrated. In addition, arrows X and Y in the figure represent the short direction and the long direction of each molded product such as a crankshaft, respectively, and arrow Z represents the vertical direction.

  First, a manufacturing flow of a crankshaft that is a forged product will be described with reference to FIG.

  In this case, first, the rod-shaped workpiece 10 is preformed to obtain a preform 12 having a smaller diameter and a longer length than the rod-shaped workpiece 10.

  Next, so-called crushing molding is performed, whereby the primary molded product 14 is obtained from the preform 12. A burr 16 is formed at the peripheral edge of the primary molded product 14. Since the rod-shaped workpiece 10 is preliminarily molded, the protruding dimension of the burr 16 is smaller than that when the preforming is not performed.

  Using this primary molded product 14, next, rough ground molding is performed. Thus, the secondary molded product 18 that approximates the crankshaft is obtained.

  Next, finish molding is performed to make the secondary molded product 18 a crankshaft 20 with a burr having a substantially final shape and dimensions. Then, the burr | flash part 16 of the peripheral part of the crankshaft 20 with a burr | flash is isolate | separated by deburring (trimming). Thereby, the crankshaft 22 is obtained.

  The rod-shaped workpiece 10 is a long solid body. Therefore, the preform 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, the burr crankshaft 20 and the crankshaft 22 are also long solid bodies. It is.

  The forging device according to the present embodiment includes a preforming die (see FIG. 2) including a lower die 30 as each die for performing the above-described preforming, crushing molding, wasteland molding, finish molding, and trimming. It has a crushing type, a wasteland type, a finishing type, and a trimming type (all not shown). These molds are arranged in this order, and the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, and the crankshaft 20 with burrs are attached to the forging device 32. (Refer to FIG. 1), and conveyed to a mold for performing the next process. The crankshaft 22 is paid out from the trimming die under the action of the transport mechanism 32.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the transport mechanism 32 moves the rod-shaped workpiece 10, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, the burr crankshaft 20, and the crankshaft 22. The first gripping hand 34, the second gripping hand 36, the third gripping hand 38, the fourth gripping hand 40, the fifth gripping hand 42, and the sixth gripping hand 44 for gripping are provided. The sixth gripping hand 44 is connected to the two feed bars 46a and 46b.

  The feed bars 46a and 46b convey the rod-shaped workpiece 10, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, and the crankshaft 20 with burrs to the mold for performing the next process, and the crank. In order to pay out the shaft 22 from the trimming mold, the shaft 22 is displaced synchronously as indicated by arrows A and B.

  The 1st holding | grip hand 34 is for conveying the rod-shaped workpiece 10 to a preforming die, and clamps this rod-shaped workpiece 10 from a longitudinal direction both ends side.

  The second gripping hand 36 has a first holding part 48a and a second holding part 48b. While holding the preform 12 with the first holding part 48a and the second holding part 48b, the second holding hand 48 Transport to crush mold. The second gripping hand 36 will be described in detail in relation to the preforming die.

  First, the preforming die included in the forging apparatus will be described. The preforming die is a lower die 30 positioned and fixed as shown in FIG. 2, and the lower die 30 under the action of an elevating mechanism (not shown). And an upper die (not shown) that moves up and down so as to approach or separate from each other.

  A lower mold side molding part 50 for forming a cavity for molding the preform 12 is provided at the upper end of the lower mold 30. The lower mold side molding part 50 is generally shaped like a cylinder divided into two along the longitudinal direction.

  The lower mold 30 is provided with a first knockout pin 52a and a second knockout pin 52b (a set of knockout pins) for releasing the preformed product 12, and the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b. The upper tip portion is exposed from the insertion holes 54 and 54 opened in the lower mold side molding portion 50 and extends along the arrow Z direction.

  The first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b can be displaced along the direction of the arrow Z under the action of a displacement mechanism (for example, a hydraulic cylinder) (not shown), in other words, can be raised or lowered. is there. As the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b rise, the preform 12 is pressed from below and supported by the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b as shown in FIG. Release in the state. The first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are displaced synchronously.

  When the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are raised, the respective end portions in the longitudinal direction of the preform 12 are disposed at positions where the end surfaces 12a and 12b can be pressed and held. That is, the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b press the end portion including the end surfaces 12a and 12b in the longitudinal direction of the preformed product 12, thereby raising the preformed product 12.

  A curved groove 56 having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the preform 12 is formed on the upper end surfaces of the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b in order to prevent the preform 12 from rolling off. Is done.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the second gripping hand 36 (the first holding portion 48 a and the second holding portion 48 b) is for holding the released preform 12. . Note that the first holding unit 48a and the second holding unit 48b have the same configuration, but for the sake of convenience of description, they are given different reference numerals.

  The first holding portion 48a will be described as an example. The first holding portion 48a includes a claw member 58 and a pressing member 60 having a substantially inverted L shape when viewed from the side. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the claw member 58 includes a support portion 62 having a substantially Y shape and a connecting portion 64 that is narrower than the support portion 62.

  One end of the preform 12 held by the first knockout pin 52a when the first holding portion 48a is close to the preform 12 at the tip of the support portion 62 facing the lower mold side molding portion 50. A recess 66 into which the part enters is formed. Due to the recess 66, the support portion 62 has a shape in which the tip end portion is bifurcated and two support claws 68a and 68b extending in the Y direction are formed.

  In the support claw 68a, a curved mounting portion 70a having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the preform 12 is formed on the end surface facing the support claw 68b. Similarly, in the support claw 68b, a curved mounting portion 70b having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the preform 12 is also formed on the end surface facing the support claw 68a. Of course, the curved mounting portions 70a and 70b face each other.

  Bolt holes 72 and 72 (see FIG. 5) are formed through the connecting portion 64 connected to the rear end portion of the support portion 62. As will be described later, bolts 74 and 74 (see FIG. 4) are passed through these bolt holes 72 and 72.

  The pressing member 60 having a substantially inverted L shape in a side view includes a vertical wall portion 76 extending in the Z direction, and a horizontal wall portion extending from the vertical wall portion 76 toward the preform 12 along the Y direction. 78.

  Bolt insertion holes 80 and 80 are formed through the vertical wall portion 76 in the Z direction. The bolts 74, 74 passed through the bolt insertion holes 80, 80 are exposed from the bolt holes 72, 72 formed through the connecting portion 64 of the claw member 58, and the nuts 82, 82 are screwed into the exposed portions. Combined. The first holding portion 48a is configured by connecting the claw member 58 and the pressing member 60 as described above.

  The horizontal wall portion 78 presses the end surface of the preformed product 12 at its end surface. This point will be described later.

  As described above, the second holding portion 48b is configured in the same manner as the first holding portion 48a. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The first holding portion 48a and the second holding portion 48b configured as described above are connected to the feed bars 46a and 46b via the brackets 84a and 84b (see FIG. 1).

  The third gripping hand 38, the fourth gripping hand 40, the fifth gripping hand 42, and the sixth gripping hand 44 shown in FIG. 1 are also the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, the crankshaft 20 with burr, the crank Each of the shafts 22 is clamped from both ends in the longitudinal direction.

  The forging device according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, the function and effect will be described in relation to the preforming.

  When the crankshaft 22 is obtained from the rod-shaped workpiece 10, the rod-shaped workpiece 10 is placed in the stocker of the forging device. At this time, the feed bars 46 a and 46 b are separated from each other, and therefore the bar-shaped workpiece 10 is not gripped by the first gripping hand 34.

  Next, the feed bars 46a and 46b are displaced so as to approach each other along the X direction (see arrows A and B in FIG. 1). Finally, the first gripping hand 34 causes the rod-shaped workpiece 10 to move to both ends. It is gripped from the side. The bar-shaped workpiece 10 gripped by the first gripping hand 34 is transported to the preforming die when the feed bars 46a and 46b are displaced along the Y direction, and then the feed bars 46a and 46b are moved along the X direction. By being displaced so as to be separated from each other, it is released from the first gripping hand 34 and is accommodated in the lower mold side molding portion 50 of the lower mold 30 constituting the preforming mold.

  At this time, the upper end surfaces of the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are set to the same height as the inner surface of the lower mold side molding part 50. That is, the first knockout pin 52 a and the second knockout pin 52 b are both accommodated in the insertion holes 54 and 54 and are not exposed to the lower mold side molding portion 50.

  Next, the upper mold is lowered under the action of the elevating mechanism, and so-called mold closing is performed. Along with this, a cavity is formed by the lower mold side molding part 50 and the upper mold side molding part, and the bar-shaped workpiece 10 is molded into a shape corresponding to the shape of the cavity. As a result, a preform 12 is obtained.

  One end of the preform 12 extends to the first knockout pin 52a, while the other end extends to the second knockout pin 52b. The end surfaces 12a and 12b at the respective end portions reach substantially half of the upper end surfaces of the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b. That is, each end of the preform 12 is placed on the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b so as to include the end surfaces 12a and 12b, and the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are Each of the end portions of the preform 12 is received in an area approximately half the upper end surface.

  During the above molding, while the meat of the rod-shaped workpiece 10 extends to the upper end surfaces of the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b, the lower mold 30, the first knockout pin 52a, and the second knockout pin 52b. Flows into the clearance between. Along with this inflow, a burr portion that slightly protrudes outward in the diameter direction of the preform 12 is formed.

  The meat of the deformed rod-shaped workpiece 10 does not flow into other clearances. For this reason, the amount of burrs generated is reduced. That is, the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are arranged at the positions where the longitudinal end faces 12a and 12b of the preform 12 are placed, so that the generation amount of the burr portion is minimized. Can be reduced.

  Next, the upper mold is lifted away from the lower mold 30, and so-called mold opening is performed. Further, the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b are raised under the action of the displacement mechanism. Following this rise, the preform 12 is pushed from below by the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b and rises. That is, release. FIG. 2 shows this state.

  During the above rise, the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b support the end of the preform 12. Further, a curved groove 56 having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the preform 12 is formed on each upper end surface of the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b, and the end of the preform 12 is a curved groove. 56. This prevents the preform 12 from falling off from the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b.

  Next, the feed bars 46 a and 46 b are displaced so as to approach each other, and the first holding part 48 a and the second holding part 48 b constituting the second gripping hand 36 approach the preform 12.

  As described above, the recesses 66 are formed in the support portions 62 of the first holding portion 48a and the second holding portion 48b. When the first holding portion 48a and the second holding portion 48b approach the preformed product 12, each recess 66 has an end portion of the preformed product 12 supported by the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b. enter in. That is, by forming the recess 66, the support portion 62 is prevented from interfering with the preformed product 12, or the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b.

  With this approach, the curved placement portions 70 a and 70 b of the support claws 68 a and 68 b are positioned so as to follow the side wall of the preform 12. That is, each end portion of the preform 12 is placed on the curved placement portions 70a and 70b, so that the preform 12 is supported by the support claws 68a as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 68b.

  When the first holding portion 48a and the second holding portion 48b further approach the preformed product 12, the front end surface of the horizontal wall portion 78 of the pressing member 60 is the end surface 12a of the preformed product 12 as shown in FIGS. , 12b. Since the horizontal wall 78 is located above the claw member 58, the front end surface of the horizontal wall 78 does not interfere with the first knockout pin 52a and the second knockout pin 52b. Further, the contact position of the front end surface of the horizontal wall portion 78 is above the end surfaces 12 a and 12 b of the preform 12.

  With this contact, both end faces 12 a and 12 b of the preform 12 are pressed from the pressing member 60. Of course, the pressing direction is a direction in which the preform 12 is compressed along the longitudinal direction (X direction).

  By this pressing, the preform 12 is positioned and held by the two pressing members 60, 60. Eventually, the preform 12 is supported from below by the support claws 68a and 68b of the first holding part 48a and the second holding part 48b and is held by the pressing members 60 and 60, whereby the first holding part 48a. And it is firmly restrained by the 2nd holding | maintenance part 48b. At the same time, the first gripping hand 34 grips a new bar-shaped workpiece 10.

  In this state, the feed bars 46a and 46b (see FIG. 1) are displaced, and the preformed product 12 is conveyed to the crushing mold. During this conveyance, it is avoided that the preform 12 is displaced or dropped. This is because the preform 12 is firmly bound to the first holding part 48a and the second holding part 48b as described above. At the same time, a new bar-shaped workpiece 10 is conveyed to the preforming die.

  Next, the feed bars 46a and 46b are displaced so as to be separated from each other along the X direction. As a result, the preform 12 is released from the second gripping hand 36 and a new bar-shaped workpiece 10 is released from the first gripping hand 34.

  Next, preforming is performed on the new bar-shaped workpiece 10 in the same manner as described above. At the same time, crushing of the preform 12 is performed in the crushing mold. That is, a new preformed product 12 and a primary molded product 14 are produced.

  After performing mold opening, the feed bars 46a and 46b are displaced so as to approach each other along the X direction. As a result, the first gripping hand 34 grips another new bar-shaped workpiece 10, and the second gripping hand 36 and the third gripping hand 38 grip the preformed product 12 and the primary molded product 14, respectively.

  Thereafter, in the same manner as described above, the primary molded product 14 is conveyed to the waste mold, and at the same time, the preform 12 is conveyed to the crushing die, and further, the preform 12 is conveyed to the preform. Then, by performing mold closing, preliminary molding, crushing molding, and rough ground molding are performed. That is, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, and the secondary molded product 18 are produced.

  Further, after the mold opening, the first gripping hand 34 grips another new bar-shaped workpiece 10, and the second gripping hand 36, the third gripping hand 38, and the fourth gripping hand 40 are the preform 12, The primary molded product 14 and the secondary molded product 18 are respectively held, and in this state, the rod-shaped workpiece 10, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14 and the secondary molded product 18 are preformed, respectively. Transport to mold, crushing mold, wasteland mold, finishing mold.

  When the mold is closed, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, and the crankshaft 20 with burrs are produced. After mold opening, these are conveyed to a crushing mold, a wasteland mold, a finishing mold and a trimming mold in the same manner as described above. At the same time, a new bar-shaped workpiece 10 is conveyed to the preforming die.

  When the mold is further closed, the preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18, the crankshaft 20 with burrs, and the crankshaft 22 are produced. The preformed product 12, the primary molded product 14, the secondary molded product 18 and the crankshaft 20 with a burr are crushed, wasteland, finished and trimmed in the same manner as described above after mold opening. It is conveyed to. At the same time, the crankshaft 22 is discharged from the forging device, and a new bar-shaped workpiece 10 is conveyed to the preforming die.

  Thereafter, the above operation is repeated, and a plurality of crankshafts 22 are obtained continuously.

  The present invention is not particularly limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, the first holding portion 48a and the second holding portion 48b may be configured without providing the pressing member 60.

  Further, the forging device is not limited to the one for forming the crankshaft 22, and any forging device may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rod-shaped workpiece 12 ... Preliminary molded product 14 ... Primary molded product 16 ... Burr part 18 ... Secondary molded product 20 ... Crankshaft 22 with burr 22 ... Crankshaft 30 ... Lower mold 32 ... Conveyance mechanisms 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 ... gripping hands 46a, 46b ... feed bar 48a, 48b ... holding part 50 ... lower mold side molding part 52a, 52b ... knockout pin 56 ... curved groove 58 ... claw member 60 ... pressing member 62 ... support Portion 64 ... Connecting portion 66 ... Recesses 68a and 68b ... Supporting claws 70a and 70b ... Curve mounting portion 76 ... Vertical wall portion 78 ... Horizontal wall portion

Claims (3)

A forging apparatus comprising a mold for obtaining a molded product by forging a long solid workpiece, and a transport mechanism for transporting the molded product from the mold,
A set of knockout pins for supporting the respective ends in the longitudinal direction of the molded product and releasing the molded product are provided in the molding part of the mold,
The transport mechanism has a first holding part and a second holding part for holding each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product,
Each of the first holding part and the second holding part supports each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product from below and each end in the longitudinal direction of the molded product supported by the one set of knockout pins. A forging device comprising a claw member formed with a recess into which the water enters.   2. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein each of the first holding part and the second holding part further includes a pressing member that presses each longitudinal end surface of the molded product above the one set of knockout pins. A forging device characterized by that.   3. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein the one set of knock-out pins is disposed at a position for pressing an end including each end surface in the longitudinal direction of the molded product. .

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