JP5781709B2 - Gingival shaping cap and gingival shaping cap kit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gingival shaping cap and a gingival shaping cap kit.

  In recent years, as a dental implant, a one-piece implant in which a head (hereinafter referred to as an abutment) on which a denture crown is mounted and a screw portion implanted in an alveolar bone are integrally formed is known. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1). Actually, as an example of a treatment method using this one-piece type implant, as shown in FIG. 15A, the alveolar bone (for example, jaw bone) B in the gingival G at the extraction site or the missing tooth site is embedded by a drill. Hole B1 is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 15B, after the threaded portion 11 of the one-piece implant 10 is implanted in the embedding hole B1, the gingiva G is sutured with the abutment 13 exposed from the gingival G. The one-piece implant 10 is implanted in the alveolar bone B. Thereafter, a rest period is set, and the one-piece implant implanted in the alveolar bone B is bonded to the alveolar bone B. After the rest period, mold around the abutment 13 of the one-piece implant (take an impression), and create a denture crown that matches the abutment 13 of the one-piece implant and the surrounding gingival shape. As shown in 15 </ b> C, a prosthetic crown 208 that matches the abutment 13 and the surrounding gingival shape can be attached to the abutment 13.

  By the way, as a treatment method using other dental implants, a two-piece type implant in which an abutment on which a denture crown is mounted and a screw portion implanted in an alveolar bone B at a tooth extraction site is used separately. First, only the screw part is implanted in the alveolar bone B, and the gingiva G is sutured. After the rest period, the gingival G is incised again to expose the tip of the screw part, and the abutment is attached to the tip of the screw part. A treatment method called a two-piece two-time method is also used.

  On the other hand, in the former treatment method using the one-piece type implant 10, the one-piece type implant 10 is implanted in the alveolar bone B by incising the gingiva G to expose the abutment 13 from the gingiva G, for example. Then, a treatment method called a one-piece one-time method in which the incision of the gingiva G is not performed can be used, and healing is performed because the number of times of incision of the gingiva G is smaller than a treatment method called a two-piece two-time method. There is use that can shorten period. Further, since the one-piece implant 10 requires only one incision of the gingiva G, the mental burden on the operator and the patient can be reduced, and the structure is simple and the number of parts is smaller than that of the two-piece implant. It is also advantageous in that the cost can be reduced.

“Wikipedia Dental Implant”, [online], searched January 27, 2014, Internet (URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3% 82% BF% E3% 83% AB% E3% 82% A4% E3% 83% B3% E3% 83% 97% E3% 83% A9% E3% 83% B3% E3% 83% 88 # 1.E3. 83.94.E3.83.BC.E3.82.B9.E3.83.BB2.E3.83.94.E3.83.BC.E3.82.B9)

  However, in the one-piece one-time method using a one-piece implant, when a dental prosthesis is produced, after the rest period, the mold above the gingival margin (the boundary between the teeth and the gingiva) around the abutment 13 is removed. As a result, it is not possible to mold in an ideal state as if the teeth have been planted from the back of the gingival margin, and as a result, the denture crown created by molding is unnatural. Even in a denture crown that has become a form or has been able to reproduce a natural form, when the denture crown is mounted on the abutment 13, a gap may be formed between the denture crown and the gingiva, resulting in poor aesthetics. There was a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and improves aesthetics without forming a gap between the denture crown and the gingiva even when a one-piece one-time treatment method is used. It is intended to provide a gingival shaping cap and a gingival shaping cap kit.

The gingival shaping cap of the present invention is used for a one-piece implant in which an abutment to which a denture crown is attached and a screw portion to be implanted in an alveolar bone are integrally formed. A cylindrical cap body in which an insertion hole into which the abutment can be inserted is formed toward the opening of the surface, the cap body of the one-piece implant planted in the alveolar bone The abutment is positioned in the abutment by being inserted into the insertion hole, and a part of the outer peripheral surface is buried in the gingiva, and the outer peripheral surface without retracting the gingiva (gingival papilla and / or interdental papilla). The cap body in which the abutment is inserted into the insertion hole has a dental prosthetic material on the distal end surface from which the abutment protrudes from the opening. And said cap body by Yuku been overlaid the dental prosthesis is formed provisional teeth become integral, after the lapse of rest period in which the one-piece implant is coupled to the alveolar bone, the one-piece implant The cap main body is removed from the base, and a gum along the outer peripheral surface of the cap main body is formed .

Moreover, the gingival shaping cap kit of this invention is comprised from the several gingival shaping cap of Claim 1 or 2 , Each said gingival shaping cap differs in the embedment degree of the said cap main body with respect to the said gingival hole. The gingival shaping cap can be selected according to the state of the gingiva.

  According to the present invention, by inserting the abutment of the one-piece type implant into the insertion hole, a part of the outer peripheral surface is buried in the gingiva, and is supported by the outer peripheral surface of the cap body without retracting the gingiva. By doing so, it is possible to form a denture crown that is buried in the gingiva around the abutment and does not form a gap with the gingiva, so that a one-piece one-time method is used. However, aesthetics can be improved without forming a gap between the denture crown and the gingiva.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the surgical procedure using a simple one-piece implant as compared with the conventional two-piece implant is further simplified while improving the aesthetics. , Can significantly reduce the mental and economic burden.

FIG. 1A is a schematic view before attaching the gingival shaping cap of the present invention to a one-piece implant, and FIG. 1B is a schematic view after attaching the gingival shaping cap of the present invention to a one-piece implant. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the gingival shaping cap of this invention. It is the schematic which shows a mode immediately after implanting 1 piece type implant in alveolar bone. It is the schematic which shows a mode when mounting | wearing a 1-piece type implant with a gingival shaping cap. FIG. 5A is a schematic view showing a state when a temporary tooth is produced, and FIG. 5B is a schematic view showing the produced temporary tooth. It is the schematic which shows the mode (1) of a gingiva when a gingiva shaping cap is removed after progress of a rest period. It is the schematic which shows the mode (2) of a gingiva when a gingival shaping cap is removed after resting period progress. It is the schematic produced by the model produced by impression acquisition, and the denture crown produced by this. It is the schematic which shows the detailed structure of a denture crown. It is the schematic which shows a mode when attaching a denture crown to a 1 piece type implant, and a state after attaching a denture crown to a 1 piece type implant. It is the schematic which shows the structure (1) of the gingival shaping cap by other embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure (2) of the gingival shaping cap by other embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure (3) of the gingival shaping cap by other embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure (4) of the gingival shaping cap by other embodiment. It is the schematic where it uses for description of the treatment system by the conventional 1 piece 1 time method.

The gingival shaping cap of this invention is demonstrated in the following order.
1. Outline of the gingival shaping cap of the present invention and configuration of the gingival shaping cap of the present invention 2. An example of a one-piece one-time treatment method using the gingival shaping cap 3. Action and effect 4. Others 4. Gingival shaping cap according to the embodiment Gingival shaping cap kit

(1) The outline of the gingival shaping cap of the present invention and the configuration of the gingival shaping cap of the present invention In FIGS. 1A and 1B, 1 shows a gingival shaping cap according to the present invention. Established in the gingival hole between the two teeth T1, T2 (for example, an extraction hole, a tooth defect hole, an implant insertion hole formed at a tooth defect location, hereinafter referred to simply as a gingival hole) G1 It is comprised so that it can mount | wear with the made 1 piece type implant 10 made. An insertion hole (not shown) is formed in the alveolar bone B by a drill in the gingival hole G1 between the two teeth T1 and T2, and the threaded portion of the one-piece implant 10 is formed in the insertion hole. When 11 is implanted, the abutment 13 at the tip of the screw portion 11 can be exposed. Incidentally, this abutment 13 is a column part formed in a columnar shape having the same diameter as that of the screw part 11 (a columnar shape, a polygonal columnar shape, a columnar shape in which the diameter of the screw part 11 is slightly different, or other various columnar shapes). 12a and an inclined tip portion 12b that is integrally formed at the tip of the column portion 12a and has a non-circular cross section along the tip. As shown in FIG. 1B, a part of the column portion 12a And the gingival shaping cap 1 may be mounted | worn with respect to the inclination front-end | tip part 12b.

  The gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention is attached immediately after the one-piece implant 10 is planted on the alveolar bone B, and below the gingival margin just after the one-piece implant 10 is planted on the alveolar bone B. It is arranged so that a part is buried in a certain gingival hole G1, and the gingiva around the gingival hole G1 can be adjusted according to the outer peripheral surface of the gingival shaping cap 1 by passing through the rest period in that state. Has been made. In this case, the gingival shaping cap 1 is formed of, for example, a resin or a hard member such as zirconia or porcelain having excellent biocompatibility, so that external force is applied by meshing when the cap is attached to the one-piece implant 10. The shape around the gingival hole G1 can be maintained without being damaged. In practice, the gingival cap 1 includes a cylindrical cap body 2 in which an insertion hole 4 is formed, and an abutment 13 of a one-piece implant 10 can be inserted into the insertion hole 4.

  The cap body 2 has a root portion 2c selected so as to be inserted into the gingival hole G1 between the teeth T1 and T2, and when the root portion 2c is inserted into the gingival hole G1, The diameter of the tip surface 2a is selected so that the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the teeth T1 and T2 and a gap is not easily formed between the teeth T1 and T2. Further, in the cap body 2, one opening 4a of the insertion hole 4 is formed in the distal end surface 2a, and the other opening 4b of the insertion hole 4 is formed in the root surface 2d facing the distal end surface 2a. The abutment 13 can be inserted from the opening 4b of the root surface 2d toward the opening 4a of the distal end surface 2a.

  The cap body 2 is selected to have a height lower than that of the teeth T1 and T2, and when the cap body 2 is attached to the one-piece implant 10, the cap body 2 is in a non-projecting state from the teeth T1 and T2, and is placed on the distal end surface 2a. A region where a dental prosthetic material such as a polymerized resin material can be built is formed. As a result, the cap body 2 is configured such that a dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface 2a, and a temporary tooth can be formed between the teeth T1 and T2 by being integrated with the dental prosthetic material. . In addition, the dental prosthetic material can be formed on the front end surface 2a of the cap body 2 and the periphery thereof with, for example, a brush, and then hardened to form a temporary tooth. In the case of this embodiment, since the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 2c has a smooth shape with no irregularities, the cap body 2 apparently has other teeth T1 when the dental prosthetic material is built up. Like T2, it looks as if it were a natural tooth.

  Actually, in the case of this embodiment, the cap body 2 has a cylindrical tip portion 2b in which the diameter of the tip surface 2a is selected in accordance with the width between the teeth T1 and T2, and the diameter of the root surface 2d is the tip surface. It is composed of a truncated cone-shaped root portion 2c which is selected smaller than the diameter of 2a and has an inclined surface from the tip portion 2b toward the root surface 2d, and is inserted on the axis of the tip portion 2b and the root portion 2c. A hole 4 is formed. The cap body 2 has a diameter that decreases from the distal end portion 2b to the root surface 2d of the root portion 2c. When the cap body 2 is attached to the one-piece implant 10 between the teeth T1 and T2, the gap between the teeth T1 and the root portion 2c is obtained. In addition, an ideal triangular gingival papilla can be formed between the tooth T2 and the root portion 2c.

  The insertion hole 4 has an internal space formed in accordance with the outer shape of the abutment 13 used for the patient. When the insertion hole 4 is inserted into the one-piece implant 10, the abutment 13 and the inner wall come into contact with each other. The height position of the shaping cap 1 can be positioned. In practice, an insertion inner wall portion 4d having a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the cylindrical portion 12a of the abutment is formed on the root surface 2d side inside the insertion hole 4, and the inclined tip portion 12b of the abutment 13 is formed. A positioning portion 4c having a shape corresponding to the outer shape is formed on the distal end surface 2a side. In the insertion hole 4, the degree of insertion of the cap body 2 into the abutment 13 is selected by selecting the ratio occupied by the insertion inner wall portion 4 d and the positioning portion 4 c, and the degree of burying the cap body 2 in the gingival hole G 1 is selected. It can be adjusted.

  In addition to this configuration, the cap main body 2 is formed with a rectangular parallelepiped protrusion 3 extending outward from the distal end surface 2a. The height of the projection 3 is selected so that it does not protrude from the height of the adjacent teeth T1, T2 when the gingival shaping cap 1 is attached to a one-piece implant. Even when it is mounted on the piece type implant 10, it is configured so as not to collide with the opposing teeth during meshing. The protrusion 3 can be easily inserted into the abutment 13 by inserting the insertion hole 4 of the gingival cap 1 in a limited space in the oral cavity by allowing the operator to grasp it with a finger or tweezers. Has been made to get.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, even when one tooth T1 adjacent to the gingival shaping cap 1 is a natural tooth and the other tooth T2 adjacent to the gingival shaping cap 1 is a denture crown, and the width W 2 between the one-piece implant 10 and teeth (natural tooth) T1, in consideration of the width W 3 of between one-piece implant 10 and teeth (denture crown) T2 in the gingiva, also one-piece implant 10 and the height H1 from the top of the alveolar bone B (alveolar crest) to the top of the gingiva between the tooth T1 and the top of the alveolar bone B (alveolar crest) between the one-piece implant 10 and the tooth T2 to the top of the gingiva In consideration of the height H2, the width W1 of the gingival shaping cap 1 attached to the one-piece implant 10 and the degree of insertion of the gingival shaping cap 1 into the abutment 13 can be selected.

  Accordingly, the gingival shaping cap 1 is formed with temporary teeth while being attached to the one-piece implant 10, and is removed from the one-piece implant 10 after the rest period, so that the periphery of the gingival hole G1 The gingival line becomes a scalloped form (scallop shell-like gingival line form) or an ideal gingival line form in harmony with the surroundings, and can be made into a beautiful gingival line with high aesthetics.

  Incidentally, such a gingival shaping cap 1 can be manufactured by, for example, injection molding, baking, shaving, or the like. 2A, 2B and 2C are gingival shaping caps 1 which are actually manufactured from a resin or a rigid member such as zirconia or porcelain which is excellent in biocompatibility. The cap body 2 has a thin-walled end surface 2a. A protrusion 3 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape is integrally formed. In this case, the gingival shaping cap 1 has an opening 4a of the insertion hole 4 on the distal end surface 2a side and a positioning part 4c in the insertion hole 4 formed in a quadrilateral shape in accordance with the outline shape of the abutment 13 ( 2B), the opening 4b of the insertion hole 4 on the root surface 2d side and the insertion inner wall 4d in the insertion hole 4 are formed in a circular shape (FIG. 2C), and the insertion hole 4 on the distal end surface 2a side. The opening 4a and the positioning portion 4c of the abutment 13 abut against the inclined tip end portion 12b (FIG. 1A) of the abutment 13 and can be positioned on the abutment 13.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the cap body 2 has a smoothly curved corner between the outer peripheral surface of the root portion 2c and the root surface 2d, and when the abutment 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 4, The abutment 13 is configured to be buried in the gingival hole G1 without damaging the gingiva around the abutment 13.

(2) An example of a one-piece one-time treatment method using a gingival shaping cap Next, a one-piece one-time treatment method using the above-described gingival shaping cap 1 will be described below. Here, FIG. 3 shows a state of the maxilla in the oral cavity where the operator widens the patient's upper lip Upl with a finger Fin, and is between one middle incisor T1a and the other side incisor T2b. The other central incisor (not shown) was extracted, and a one-piece implant 10 was implanted in the extraction hole G1 (corresponding to the above-described gingival hole G1, which will all be described below as the extraction hole G1). The state immediately after is shown. In FIG. 3, T2a is a maxillary lateral incisor, T3a and T3b are maxillary canines, T4a and T4b are maxillary first premolars, and T5b is a maxillary second premolar.

  In this case, the immediate extraction method in which the one-piece implant 10 is planted immediately after the extraction is applied, but the extraction waiting method in which the one-piece implant is established after the resting period after the extraction. May be applied. In any case, the gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention is used immediately after the one-piece implant is planted. In this case, the one-piece implant 10 is planted in the extraction hole G1 formed by extraction, and the abutment 13 is exposed from the extraction hole G1, and a hollow region can be formed around the abutment 13. .

  Immediately after the implantation of the one-piece implant 10, the gingival shaping cap 1 is prepared, and as shown in FIG. 4A, the protrusion 3 formed on the cap body 2 of the gingival shaping cap 1 is sandwiched by tweezers 200 and gingival shaping is performed. After holding the shape cap 1, as shown in FIG. 4B, the abutment 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 4 from the opening 4b (FIG. 1A) on the base surface 2d side of the cap body 2, and shown in FIG. 4C. Thus, along with the abutment 13, the gingival shaping cap 1 is fitted into the extraction hole G1.

  At this time, the surgeon is in harmony with the size of the extraction hole G1, the gingival state around the extraction hole G1, the scallop shape (form of scallop shell-like gingival line) to be finally formed, or the surrounding gingival shape. In anticipation of the gingival line form, a gingival shaping cap 1 having an optimal size is appropriately selected from a plurality of gingival shaping caps 1 having different sizes, and the selected gingival shaping cap 1 is placed in the extraction hole G1. Attach to the abutment 13.

  Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4C, the gingival shaping cap 1 is fitted into the extraction hole G1, thereby securing a hollow region in the extraction hole G1, and along the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2. The gingival line is maintained in an optimum state by supporting the gingiva around G1, and an ideal interdental papilla, for example, ▽ is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 5A, the distal end surface 2a (FIG. 1A) of the gingival shaping cap 1 attached to the abutment 13 and fitted in the extraction hole G1, and the outer peripheral surface around the distal end surface 2a, for example, A dental prosthesis material 202 made of a polymerized resin material is built up with a brush 201.

  Then, as the dental prosthetic material 202 is cured, as shown in FIG. 5B, the temporary teeth FT in which the cap body 2 of the gingival shaping cap 1 and the dental prosthetic material 202 are integrated are used as the extraction site. Can be formed. Incidentally, when the dental prosthesis material 202 is built up on the gingival shaping cap 1 to form the temporary tooth FT, the distance between adjacent teeth (here, one central incisor T1a and the other side incisor T2b). And the width of the cap body 2 do not match, and even if the gap between the cap body 2 is smaller than the distance between adjacent teeth and a gap is formed, the dental prosthetic material 202 to be built up is replenished. Thus, a natural provisional tooth FT can be formed that is aligned with adjacent teeth without any gap.

  Thus, the gingival shaping cap 1 mounted immediately after the 1-piece implant 10 is set up is connected to the alveolar bone B until the gingival condition around the extraction hole G1 is improved. The state of being attached to the implant 10 can be maintained. Next, after the rest period in which the one-piece implant 10 is bonded to the alveolar bone B, the temporary tooth FT is removed by removing the gingival shaping cap 1 from the one-piece implant 10.

  6A, 6B and 7 show the gingival state immediately after the gingival shaping cap 1 is removed from the one-piece implant 10 after the rest period has elapsed. As shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 7, the gingiva G around the extraction hole G1 to which the gingival shaping cap 1 is attached has a gingival line GL in a scallop form (scallop shell-like gingival line form). The periphery of the extraction hole G1 can have the same form as the gum G around the other teeth T1a and T2b. Further, a relatively large and deep tooth extraction hole G1 can be left around the abutment 13.

  Next, the periphery of the abutment 13 and the periphery of the gingiva where the abutment 13 is exposed from the tooth extraction hole G1 are formed (impression taking) to form a model 205 as shown in FIG. In addition, after taking the mold around the extraction hole G1, the temporary teeth FT formed by the gingival shaping cap 1 are mounted on the abutment 13 again until a denture crown is produced. The model 205 shown in FIG. 8 includes an abutment reproduction unit 207 that faithfully reproduces the form around the abutment 13 in the extraction hole G1 of the patient, and a gingival reproduction unit 206 that faithfully reproduces the gingival form around the extraction hole. Based on these, the denture crown 208 adapted to the shapes of the abutment 13 and the extraction hole G1 can be produced.

  FIG. 9 shows a denture crown 208 produced based on the abutment reproduction unit 207 and the gingival reproduction unit 206 of the model 205. As shown in FIG. 9, the denture crown 208 is formed with a tooth portion 208a having the same outer shape as that of the natural tooth, and can also be formed with an embedded portion 208b embedded in the extraction hole G1. The denture crown 208 can also be formed with a mounting hole 209 into which the abutment 13 is inserted at the end of the buried portion 208b.

  When the denture crown 208 is produced, the temporary tooth FT attached to the abutment 13 is removed again, and the denture crown 208 is attached to the abutment 13 as shown in FIG. 10A. At this time, by inserting the abutment 13 into the mounting hole 209 of the denture crown 208, the buried portion 208b of the denture crown 208 can be buried in the extraction hole G1, and as shown in FIG. 10B, The gingival line GL can be positioned along the boundary between the portion 208b and the tooth portion 208a. In this way, the gingival line GL becomes a scalloped form or a gingival line form in harmony with the surrounding gingival shape, and an ideal gingival line GL with high aesthetics can be formed.

  In addition, this time, for example, a one-piece implant 10 made of titanium is used, but even if it is a thin biotype gingival G, the abutment 13 is not seen through, and a gingival G as if there is a natural tooth is formed. obtain. This is because the gingival shaping cap 1 is buried in the gingival hole G1 (extraction hole G1) around the abutment 13, leaving sufficient gingiva around the abutment 13, and surrounding the abutment 13 in the gingival hole G1. Since the denture crown 208 could be arranged as described above, the white color of the surface of the denture crown 208 can prevent the dark color (titanium color) of the abutment 13 from being transmitted through the gum G.

(3) Operation and effect In the above-described configuration, in the gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention, the abutment 13 to which the denture crown 208 is attached and the screw portion 11 implanted in the alveolar bone B are integrally formed. In addition, a cylindrical cap body 2 that is used for the one-piece implant 10 and has an insertion hole 4 that can be inserted into the abutment 13 is provided. In the gingival shaping cap 1, the abutment 13 of the one-piece implant 10 planted in the alveolar bone B is inserted into the insertion hole 4, and a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2 is inserted into the gingival hole G1. The gingival papilla and / or interdental papilla (that is, gingiva) was supported on the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2 without being retracted while being buried and maintaining the state of the gingival hole G1.

  In the gingival shaping cap 1, the state of attachment to the abutment 13 is maintained until the rest period after the one-piece implant 10 is bonded to the alveolar bone B, so that the shape of the gingival shaping cap 1 is aligned along the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2. Gingival G can be formed. Thereafter, the gingival shaping cap 1 is removed from the abutment 13 to produce a denture crown 208 that fits around the gingival hole G1 including the inside of the gingival hole G1 formed around the abutment 13. The dental prosthesis 208 thus produced can form an embedded portion 208b embedded in the gingival hole G1 around the abutment 13. Thus, in the gingival shaping cap 1, the denture crown 208 that can be attached to the abutment 13 can be formed without being partially buried in the gingival hole G1 and forming a gap with the gingiva G. Minutes, aesthetics can be improved. Thus, in the gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention, aesthetics can be improved without forming a gap between the denture crown 208 and the gingiva G even if a one-piece one-time treatment method is used.

  Furthermore, in this gingival shaping cap 1, when the one-piece implant 10 is planted, immediately after the planting, the abutment 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 4 so that the cap body 2 is buried in the gingival hole G1, Since the temporary teeth FT can be formed, it is not necessary to sew the surrounding gingiva G largely immediately after the implantation of the one-piece type implant, or the gingival G is not sewed at all and the temporary tooth is used as it is. FT can be formed, and the burden on the operator and patient can be reduced accordingly.

  In the gingival cap 1 of the present invention, a positioning portion 4c for positioning the cap body 2 with respect to the abutment 13 is formed in the insertion hole 4 when inserted into the abutment 13, and the positioning portion The degree to which the cap body 2 is buried in the gingival hole G1 is adjusted by 4c. Thereby, in the gingival shaping cap 1, the height of the teeth T1 and T2 adjacent to the extraction site or the tooth loss site, the state of the gingival hole G1 in which the abutment 13 is exposed, the gingival papilla state around the gingival hole G1 and / or the interdental space Depending on the nipple state, the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2 can be positioned at an optimal position so that a scallop shape or a gingival line shape in harmony with the surrounding gingival shape can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention, when the abutment 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 4, the surgeon is provided with the protrusion 3 for grasping the cap body 2, so that the limited oral cavity is provided. The insertion hole 4 can be easily inserted into the abutment 13 exposed in the gingival hole G1.

  According to the above configuration, in the gingival shaping cap 1 of the present invention, by inserting the abutment 13 of the one-piece type implant 10 into the insertion hole 4, a part of the outer peripheral surface is buried in the gingival hole G1, Since the gingival nipple and / or interdental nipple can be supported on the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 2 while maintaining the shapes of the gingiva G and the gingival hole G1, the surroundings of the abutment 13 can be obtained by taking subsequent impressions. The denture crown 208 that is buried in the gingival hole G1 and does not form a gap with the gingiva G can be formed. Thus, even if a one-piece one-time treatment method is used, the denture crown 208 and the gingiva G The aesthetics can be improved without forming a gap between them.

(4) Gingival shaping cap by other embodiment (4-1) About protrusion part In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Various within the range of the summary of this invention For example, a rectangular parallelepiped protrusion 3 is formed on the cap body 2 as the protrusion formed on the cap body. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the operator may use fingers or tweezers. As long as it can be gripped, for example, a thin and belt-like protrusion, a semi-disc-like protrusion, a rod-like protrusion, and other various protrusions may be formed on the cap body. Moreover, you may make it provide two or three other protrusion parts.

  For example, in FIG. 11A in which the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding parts to FIG. 1B, 31 denotes a gingival shaping cap in which a stepped projection 33 is formed on the cap body 32. In this case, the cap main body 32 is formed with a protrusion 33 formed on the front end surface 32a with a U-shaped edge portion protruding from the front end surface 32a. In such a gingival shaping cap 31, the operator can hold the projection 33 with a finger or tweezers, and the insertion hole 4 is easily inserted into the abutment 13 exposed in the gingival hole G1 even in a limited oral cavity. be able to. In addition, in embodiment mentioned above, although the cap main bodies 2 and 32 which provided the projection parts 3 and 33 were demonstrated, this invention is not restricted to this, It is good also as a cap main body which does not have a projection part.

(4-2) About Gingival Shaping Cap with Notch Part Here, after attaching the gingival shaping cap 1 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B to the one-piece implant 10, the dental prosthetic material is gingival shaped. When the gingival shaping cap 1 made of resin is used when forming a temporary tooth FT built on the cap 1, it has excellent binding properties with a polymerized resin material generally used as a dental prosthetic material. Therefore, a temporary tooth FT with high durability can be formed.

  However, for example, when the gingival shaping cap 1 is formed of zirconia, porcelain or the like having excellent biocompatibility, the binding property between the polymerized resin material generally used as a dental prosthetic material and zirconia or porcelain is extremely high. Since it is weak, the cured dental prosthesis may be damaged at the boundary with the gingival shaping cap by an external force.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11B in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1A are denoted by the same reference numerals, in this gingival cap 35, notches 38a and 38b are formed in the region where the dental prosthetic material is built up in the cap body 36. The concave and convex shapes formed by the notches 38a and 38b can enhance the bondability with the dental prosthetic material and prevent the dental prosthetic material from being damaged at the boundary with the gingival shaping cap 35. Has been made. As a result, even if the gingival shaping cap 35 is formed of a material having a weak binding property with a dental prosthetic material such as zirconia or porcelain having excellent biocompatibility, for example, a dental material such as a generally used polymerized resin material is used. A highly prosthetic temporary tooth FT can be formed using the prosthetic material.

  In practice, the cap main body 36 is formed with a plurality of cutout portions 38a, 38b in the shape of annular grooves extending in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tip portion 2b, and these cutout portions 38a, 38b. A dental prosthetic material is built up on the front end surface 2a from above, and a temporary tooth FT can be formed. The hardened dental prosthetic material can be applied to the concavo-convex portions formed by the notches 38a and 38b of the cap main body 36, thereby improving the bondability with the cap main body 36 and preventing breakage from the cap main body 36. It is made like that.

  In addition, as a notch portion according to another embodiment, a notch portion 44 having a spiral groove shape is formed in the cap body 42 as shown in FIG. May be. In practice, in this gingival cap 41, a linear groove-shaped notch 44 that spirally extends in the circumferential direction may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip 2b of the cap body 42. Even in such a gingival cap 41, when a dental prosthetic material is built up on the cap body 42 to form a temporary tooth FT, the dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface 2a from the notch 44. The hardened dental prosthetic material is applied to the uneven portion formed by the cutout portion 44 of the cap body 2, so that the bonding with the cap body 42 can be improved and the breakage from the cap body 42 can be prevented. Yes.

  Furthermore, as a notch portion according to another embodiment, a plurality of notch portions 54 having an elliptical groove shape are formed in the cap body 52 as shown in FIG. You may do it. In practice, in the gingival shaping cap 51, a plurality of cutout portions 54 having an elliptical groove shape extending in the circumferential direction can be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end portion 2b of the cap body 52. Even in such a gingival cap 51, when a dental prosthetic material is built up on the cap body 52 to form a temporary tooth FT, the dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface 2a from the notches 54. Thus, the hardened dental prosthetic material is applied to the uneven portion formed by the cutout portion 54 of the cap body 52, so that the bonding with the cap body 52 can be improved and the breakage from the cap body 52 can be prevented. ing.

  In the gingival cap according to the present invention, it is only necessary that the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the cap body can be formed in an uneven shape. For example, the elliptical groove-shaped cutout portion 54 extending in the circumferential direction is shifted to a different height position. The cap body is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the main body, or an elliptical groove-shaped notch that extends obliquely upward in the circumferential direction or an elliptical groove-shaped notch that extends obliquely downward in the circumferential direction. You may make it form in a front-end | tip part outer peripheral surface. Moreover, you may form the notch part which combined suitably the notch part 38a, 38b shown to FIG. 11B, the notch part 44 shown to FIG. 12A, and the notch part 54 shown to FIG. 12B.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the notches 38a, 38b, 44, 54 that make the outer peripheral surface of the tip 2b of the cap main body 36, 42, 52 uneven is described as the notch. The present invention is not limited to this, and various cutout portions that make the top surface of the cap main body uneven may be applied. For example, as shown in FIG. 13A in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1A are assigned the same reference numerals, the gingival shaping cap 61 has a configuration in which a plurality of notches 64 are formed by notching the front end surface 62a of the cap body 62. When the dental prosthetic material is built up on the cap body 62 to form the temporary tooth FT, the dental prosthetic material can be built up on the distal end surface 62a so as to cover the notch portion 64. As a result, the hardened dental prosthetic material is applied to the uneven portion formed by the notch portion 64 of the cap body 62, so that the bondability with the cap body 62 can be improved, and the breakage from the cap body 62 can be prevented. Has been made.

  In practice, the notch 64 according to this embodiment includes a V-shaped portion 64a in which the edge portion of the front end surface 62A is cut out in a V shape, and a side V-shaped portion in which the side surface of the V-shaped portion is cut out in a V-shape. 64b, and an uneven portion is also formed in the circumferential direction of the cap body 62 by the side surface V-shaped portion 64b. As a result, the hardened dental prosthetic material is applied not only to the V-shaped portion 64a of the cap body 62 but also to the concave and convex portions formed by the side surface V-shaped portion 64b therein, thereby further improving the connectivity with the cap body 62. Can do.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13B in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1A are assigned the same reference numerals, a gingival cap 71 according to another embodiment is a circle extending in the circumferential direction on the distal end surface 72a of the cap body 72. It is good also as a structure which formed the ring-shaped groove-shaped notch part 64. FIG. In this case, in the gingival shaping cap 71, when the dental prosthetic material is built up on the cap body 62 to form the temporary tooth FT, the dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface 62a so as to cover the notch 64. Thus, the hardened dental prosthetic material is applied to the uneven portion formed by the cutout portion 64 of the cap body 62, so that the bonding property with the cap body 62 can be improved and the breakage from the cap body 62 can be prevented. Has been made.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the cutout portion is formed in either the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion or the front end surface of the cap main body has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the cap main body is not limited thereto. A notch portion may be formed on both the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion and the tip surface in this case. In this case, since more uneven portions are formed by the notch portion, the provisional tooth FT is made correspondingly. When it is formed, the hardened dental prosthetic material is likely to be applied to the uneven portion due to the notch, and the connectivity with the cap body can be further improved.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the notch portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the cap body and / or the front end surface has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the notch portion is provided on the projection portion. You may make it form, and you may make it form a notch in both a cap main body and a projection part.

  Here, FIG. 14, which shows the parts corresponding to FIG. 1A with the same reference numerals, shows an example of a gingival shaping cap 81 in which a notch 84 is formed in the protrusions 3a and 3b. In the gingival shaping cap 81, a plurality of (in this case, two) protrusions 3a, 3b are erected on the distal end surface 2a of the cap body 2. The protrusions 3a and 3b are formed with a plurality of notches 84 in the shape of an annular groove extending in the circumferential direction on the side surfaces, and a dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface 2a so as to cover these notches 84. A temporary tooth FT can be formed. The hardened dental prosthetic material can be applied to the concave and convex portions formed by the notches 84 in the protrusions 3 a and 3 b of the cap body 2, thereby improving the bondability with the cap body 2. Breakage can be prevented. In addition, the notch part formed in one or several protrusion part in this way may be a notch part formed in various groove shapes, such as spiral groove shape and elliptic groove shape.

  As described above, in the gingival shaping caps 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 provided with the notches 38a, 38b, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84, for example, the cap bodies 2, 36, 42, 52 62, 72 are formed of zirconia or porcelain having excellent biocompatibility, and a dental prosthesis is formed using a dental prosthesis material made of a polymerized resin material that is difficult to bond with zirconia or porcelain. 38a, 38b, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84 is applied with a dental prosthetic material, and the connectivity between the dental prosthetic material and the cap body 2, 36, 42, 52, 62, 72 can be improved. It is possible to prevent the dental prosthetic material from being broken from the cap bodies 2, 36, 42, 52, 62, 72.

(5) Gingival shaping cap kit In addition, in the embodiment mentioned above, although the gingival shaping cap simple substance was demonstrated, it is good also as a gingival shaping cap set combining several types of gingival shaping caps. In practice, when the gingival shaping caps 1, 31, 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 are attached to the one-piece implant 10 implanted in the patient's gingival hole, the position of the extracted tooth, The diameter size and height of the gingival shaping cap 1,31,35,41,51,61,71,81 to be used, and the insertion hole 4 depending on the condition of the gingiva and the thickness and length of the one-piece implant 10 used. It is necessary to select the size and shape.

  Therefore, a plurality of types of gingival shaping caps 1, 31 having different diameter sizes of the distal end surface and the root surface, the heights of the cap bodies 2, 32, 36, 42, 52, 62, 72, the sizes of the insertion holes 4, and the like. , 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 is preferably a gingival shaping cap set. Thus, immediately after the operator implants the one-piece implant 10 in the gingival hole G1, the height of the teeth T1, T2 adjacent to the abutment 13, the state of the gingival hole G1, and the periphery of the gingival hole G1 While confirming the gingival papilla state and interdental papilla state, a plurality of types of gingival shaping caps 1, 31, 35 so that the gingival G becomes a scalloped or flat gingival line GL when the denture crown 208 is worn. , 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 can appropriately select a gingival shaping cap of the optimum size.

  For example, as an example of a gingival shaping cap kit, a plurality of gingival shaping caps 1, 31, 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, in which the ratio of the insertion inner wall portion 4d and the positioning portion 4c in the insertion hole 4 is different. Preferably, 81 is a gingival shaping cap kit. In this case, each gingival shaping cap 1, 31, 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 has a different position in the insertion hole 4 where the positioning portion 4c comes into contact with the abutment 13, so that the inside of the gingival hole G1. The degree of burial of the cap body 2, 32, 36, 42, 52, 62, 72 can be changed. As a result, immediately after the operator implants the one-piece implant 10 in the gingival hole G1, the height of the tooth adjacent to the abutment 13, the state of the gingival hole G1, and the gingival papilla state around the gingival hole G1 Depending on the condition of the interdental papilla, the optimal gingival shaping cap 1 such that the gingiva G becomes a scalloped form or an ideal gingival line form gingival line GL in harmony with the surroundings when the denture crown 208 is mounted. , 31, 35, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 can be selected as appropriate.

1,31,35,41,51,61,71,81 Gingival shaping cap 2,32,36,42,52,62,72 Cap body 3,33,3a, 3b Protruding part 4 Inserting hole 4c Positioning part 10 1 piece implant 13 Abutment 38a, 38b, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84 Notch

Claims (3)

The abutment is used for a one-piece implant in which an abutment to which a denture crown is attached and a screw portion implanted in an alveolar bone are integrally formed, and is directed from an opening on a root surface toward an opening on a distal surface. Has a cylindrical cap body in which an insertion hole into which an attachment can be inserted is formed,
The cap body is
The abutment of the one-piece implant implanted in the alveolar bone is positioned in the abutment by being inserted into the insertion hole, and a part of the outer peripheral surface is buried in the gingiva, and the gingiva is retracted. Having a configuration to support the outer peripheral surface without letting
In the cap body in which the abutment is inserted into the insertion hole, a dental prosthetic material is built up on the distal end surface from which the abutment protrudes from the opening, thereby the cap body and the dental prosthesis. A temporary tooth that is integrated with the material is formed ,
The gingival augmentation is characterized in that the cap body is removed from the one-piece implant after the rest period in which the one-piece implant is bonded to the alveolar bone, and a gum is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the cap body. Shape cap. The cap body is
A cylindrical tip having the tip surface on which the dental prosthesis is built;
It has the root surface selected with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the tip surface, and is composed of a truncated cone-shaped root portion having an inclined surface from the tip portion toward the root surface,
The gingival shaping cap according to claim 1, wherein the diameter decreases from the tip portion toward the root surface of the root portion. It comprises a plurality of gingival shaping caps according to claim 1 or 2,
Each of the gingival shaping caps has a different degree of burying of the cap body in the gingival hole, and the gingival shaping cap can be selected according to the state of the gingiva.

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