JP5772504B2 - Performance equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a performance device that generates a musical sound signal and drives a key in accordance with key information representing key depression and key release.

  Conventionally, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, the pre-recorded key release information is read by an automatic performance device, and a musical tone signal is generated according to the read key release key information. Performance devices that drive keys are known. In this performance device, when the key release / release information is read, the generation of the tone signal is immediately controlled in accordance with the key release / release information. However, the drive device that drives the key may not be able to follow the pressed / released key information with a short repetition interval for the same key. Therefore, in order not to feel the movement of the key with respect to the generated musical sound unnaturally, the pressing / release key information with a short repetition interval that cannot be followed by the driving device is not applied to the driving control of the key.

JP2008-233825A

  In the conventional performance device described above, for example, during repeated performance of the same key, the key pressing depth of the key is within a short period of time until the key pressing depth reaches the maximum depth from the depth at the time of the key pressing start. When the key information is repeatedly read (that is, when a plurality of sets of key release information and key press information related to the same key are read), all the plurality of sets of key release information and key press information are canceled. Also, when a plurality of sets of key release information and key press information related to the key are read out immediately after the start of key release or immediately before the end of key release, the plurality of sets of key release information and key press information are All are canceled. Therefore, in a repetitive strike performance in which the number of times the key is pressed and released for the same key within a short period of time, the number of times the key is driven may be less than the number of times of sound generation, which may seem unnatural.

  The present invention has been made to cope with the above problem, and the purpose of the present invention is to naturally feel the operation of the key with respect to the pronunciation even when the number of times the key is repeatedly pressed within a short period of time for the same key. It is in providing the performance apparatus. In addition, in the description of each constituent element of the present invention below and the operation principle diagram shown in FIG. 17, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, reference numerals of corresponding portions of the embodiment are described in parentheses. Each component of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the configuration of the corresponding portion indicated by the reference numerals of the embodiments.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by a key (11) supported so as to be swingable, a driving means (31) for pressing and releasing the key, and a key pressing depth of the key. A key depression depth detecting means (40) for detecting the key and automatic performance control means for outputting the key depression information representing the key depression and the key release information representing the key release in accordance with the performance information representing the performance content of the music. (45, S40 to S54) and a key drive control means for controlling the drive means in accordance with key pressing information and key release information input from either or both of the automatic performance control means and the external device, When key depression information and key release information are repeatedly input within a short period of time, the key drive control means (44, 45, S60˜) controls the drive means to switch to the key depression operation during the key release operation and repeatedly press the key. S86), any of automatic performance control means and external equipment In a performance apparatus comprising a musical tone signal generating means (48) for controlling the generation of musical tone signals in accordance with key pressing information and key release information input from one or both, the key drive control means is the first key pressing of repeated hits. A first counter (ONCT) that counts the number of times the input key pressing information is entered after the start, a second counter (KDCT) that counts the number of times that the key is pressed after the start of the first keystroke, While the key release operation is in progress and the key pressing depth detected by the key pressing depth detection means is within a predetermined range, the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter According to the difference (DIF), there is provided a continuous hit determining means (S74, S82, S84, ST14, ST15) for determining whether to continue the continuous hit or to end the continuous hit.

  Further, in this case, the continuous hit determining means continues the continuous hit when the difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter is larger than a predetermined first reference value (b), When the difference between the count value of the counter and the count value of the second counter is equal to or less than the first reference value, it may be determined that the continuous hitting is ended.

  Further, in this case, the repeated hit determining means cancels the determination to end the repeated hits after determining to end the repeated hits and when new key pressing information is input before the key release operation ends. It is good to decide to continue hitting. The external device is a MIDI sequencer, personal computer, or the like connected to the performance device.

  According to this, when key press information and key release information relating to the same key are repeatedly supplied to the key drive control means within a short period of time, the generation of a tone signal is synchronized with these key press information and key release information and Stop is controlled. In addition, since the difference between the number of key press information input and the number of times the key is driven before the end of repeated hitting of the same key is less than or equal to a predetermined number (for example, 2 times), the number of pressed keys at the time of repeated hitting Even if there are many, the movement of the key with respect to pronunciation is felt naturally.

  In addition, another feature of the present invention is that the repeated hit determination means has the first reference value even if the difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter is larger than the first reference value. If it is larger than the larger second reference value (a), it is decided to end the repeated hitting.

  According to the above configuration, when the deviation between the number of key press information supplied from the start of repeated hitting and the number of times of key driving becomes very large (for example, six times) during the continuous hitting operation, It is possible to prevent the key from being driven even after the repeated hitting is finished and the sound generation is finished. That is, in the repeated performance, the driving of the key is ended almost simultaneously with the stop of the generation of the last musical sound. In this case, since the number of times the key is pressed and released is very large, even if the difference between the number of times the musical sound is generated and the number of times the key is driven is somewhat large, the key operation does not feel unnatural.

1 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which a performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a side view about one key and its peripheral part of the keyboard apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the solenoid of FIG. 2 and its peripheral part. It is a conceptual diagram of a duty ratio table. It is a classification table of a control state. It is a flowchart of an initialization program. It is a flowchart of a manual performance program. It is a flowchart of the key event processing routine of FIG. It is a flowchart of an automatic performance program. It is a flowchart of a key drive program. It is a state transition diagram showing transition of the control state of a solenoid. It is explanatory drawing of the state transition of a solenoid at the time of normal drive, and a plunger locus | trajectory. It is explanatory drawing of the state transition of a solenoid at the time of a staccato drive, and a plunger locus | trajectory. It is explanatory drawing of the first half part of the state transition of a solenoid at the time of continuous driving, and a plunger locus | trajectory. It is explanatory drawing of the latter half part of the state transition of a solenoid at the time of continuous driving, and a plunger locus | trajectory. 14B is an explanatory diagram of solenoid state transition and plunger trajectory when continuous hitting is continued without ending the continuous hitting in the continuous hitting drive of FIG. 14B. It is an enlarged view of the solenoid which concerns on the modification of this invention, and its peripheral part. FIG. 16B is an enlarged view around the connecting member of FIG. 16A. It is an operation principle diagram of the present invention.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard device 10. The keyboard device 10 has a plurality of white keys and black keys that designate the pitches of the tone signals to be generated and instruct the generation and stop of the tone signals. In FIG. 2, one white key and its peripheral components are shown, but the configuration relating to the black key is the same. Since the operations of the white key and the black key are the same, the white key and the black key will be described as the key 11 in the following description.

  The key 11 is supported by the key support member 12 of the frame FR at the middle part in the front-rear direction. The key support member 12 includes a balance rail 12a extending in the arrangement direction of the keys 11 in the frame FR, and a fulcrum pin 12b provided vertically on the balance rail 12a. A through hole 11a penetrating vertically is provided in an intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the key 11, and a fulcrum pin 12b is inserted into the through hole 11a. The through-hole 11a has a width in the front-rear direction that increases from the lower end to the upper end. As a result, the key 11 can swing about the fulcrum pin 12b as a fulcrum. That is, the front end portion and the rear end portion of the key 11 can be moved in the vertical direction by a key release operation by the performer. A front pin 13 extends vertically below the front end of the key 11. The front pin 13 is inserted at its upper end into a hole provided in the lower surface of the key 11, and restricts lateral deflection of the front end of the key 11.

  An upper limit stopper 14 is bonded to the surface of the frame FR below the rear end of the key 11. The upper limit stopper 14 is made of a cushioning material such as felt, and abuts against the lower surface of the rear end portion of the key 11 in a state where the key 11 is not depressed, thereby restricting the upward movement of the front end portion of the key 11. . As described above, the position of the front end portion of the key 11 in the state where the upward movement of the front end portion is restricted is referred to as a rest position. A lower limit stopper 15 is bonded to the surface of the frame FR below the front end of the key 11. The lower limit stopper 15 is configured in the same manner as the upper limit stopper 14, and abuts against the lower surface of the front end portion of the key 11 in a state where the key 11 is pressed, thereby restricting the downward movement of the front end portion of the key 11. . Thus, the position of the front end portion of the key 11 in a state where the downward movement of the front end portion is restricted is referred to as a full stroke position.

  In addition, behind the key support member 12, hammers 20 that swing in conjunction with the keys 11 are provided. The hammer 20 is supported by a hammer support portion 21. The hammer 20 includes a rod-shaped hammer shank 20a and a mass body 20b assembled at the rear end of the hammer shank 20a. The mass body 20b is gradually lightened from the low-pitched hammer 20 toward the high-pitched hammer 20, and the key touch feeling during manual performance is approximated to the key touch feeling of an acoustic piano.

  The hammer support portion 21 includes a support plate 21a, a hammer rail 21b, an upper limit stopper rail 21c, a lower limit stopper rail 21d, an upper limit stopper 21e, and a lower limit stopper 21f. The support plate 21a is formed in a thin plate shape in the left-right direction, and extends in the front-rear direction and the vertical direction. A plurality of support plates 21a are provided on the frame FR at predetermined intervals (for example, every one octave) in the left-right direction. That is, the support plate 21a is provided between two predetermined adjacent keys (for example, B key and C key). The rear end portions of the two predetermined adjacent keys are formed to be slightly narrower in the left-right direction than the other keys 11 so as not to interfere with the support plate 21a. Further, the central portion of the upper end portion of the support plate 21a is greatly cut out downward. A portion in front of the notch is referred to as a front portion 21a1, and a portion in the rear is referred to as a rear portion 21a2. A hammer rail 21b formed in a rail shape is assembled to the upper end of the front portion 21a1 so as to connect adjacent support plates 21a. That is, the hammer rail 21b extends in the direction in which the keys 11 are arranged, and the lower surface thereof is supported by the upper end of each front portion 21a1.

  A hammer fulcrum portion 21b1 for supporting the hammer 20 is provided at the rear end portion of the hammer rail 21b, and the front end portion of the hammer shank 20a is supported by the hammer fulcrum portion 21b1. Thereby, the hammer 20 can swing around the hammer fulcrum portion 21b1. That is, when the key 11 swings, the mass body 20b side of the hammer 20 can be moved up and down. Moreover, the center part of the rear-end part of the rear part 21a2 is notched, and the recessed part dented ahead is formed. An upper limit stopper rail 21c and a lower limit stopper rail 21d formed in a rail shape are respectively assembled to the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the recess.

  The upper limit stopper rail 21c and the lower limit stopper rail 21d extend in the direction in which the keys 11 are arranged, and are respectively supported by the rear portions 21a2 of the support plates 21a. An upper limit stopper 21e similar to the upper limit stopper 14 of the key 11 is assembled to the lower surface of the upper limit stopper rail 21c. The upper limit stopper 21e abuts on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the hammer shank 20a in a state where the key 11 is pressed, and restricts the upward movement of the rear end portion of the hammer 20. On the other hand, a lower limit stopper 21f similar to the upper limit stopper 14 is assembled on the upper surface of the lower limit stopper rail 21d. The lower limit stopper 21f abuts on the lower surface of the rear end portion of the hammer shank 20a in a state where the key 11 is not depressed, and restricts the downward movement of the rear end portion of the hammer 20.

  A solenoid rail 30 formed in a rail shape is assembled to the front end portion of the rear portion 21a2 of the support plate 21a. That is, the solenoid rail 30 extends in the direction in which the keys 11 are arranged, and is supported by the rear portion 21a2 of each support plate 21a. A solenoid 31 corresponding to each key 11 is assembled to the solenoid rail 30. As shown in FIG. 3, the solenoid 31 includes a bobbin 31a, a coil 31b, a plunger 31c, and a yoke 31d. The bobbin 31a is formed in a cylindrical shape. An electric wire is wound around the outer periphery of the bobbin 31a to form a coil 31b. The plunger 31c is accommodated in the bobbin 31a so as to be movable up and down, and descends due to its own weight and the weight of the hammer 20 when the solenoid 31 is not energized. On the other hand, when the solenoid 31 is energized, the plunger 31c is displaced upward against its own weight and the weight of the hammer 20 by electromagnetic force. The yoke 31d is provided so as to surround the coil 31b, and reduces leakage magnetic flux. The solenoid 31 is fixed to the solenoid rail 30 by a mounting portion (not shown) provided on the yoke 31d.

  A first rod 32 thinner than the plunger 31c is connected to the upper end of the plunger 31c. A second rod 33 having the same thickness as the first rod 32 is connected to the lower end of the plunger 31c. The central axes of the plunger 31c, the first rod 32, and the second rod 33 are common. On the upper end surface of the first rod 32, a reflecting plate 35 constituting a part of a position sensor 40 described later is assembled.

  The reflecting plate 35 is a lightweight member made of synthetic resin and is assembled to the upper end surface of the first rod 32. The reflection plate 35 includes a horizontal portion 35 a extending forward and a vertical wall portion 35 b extending vertically downward from a front end portion of the horizontal portion 35 a, and includes a lower surface of the horizontal portion 35 a and an upper end surface of the first rod 32. And are adhered. A base member 36 is assembled on the upper surface of the horizontal portion 35 a of the reflecting plate 35. The upper surface of the base member 36 is formed horizontally.

  A cylindrical roller 20a1 is assembled to a portion of the hammer shank 20a facing the base member 36. The central axis of the roller 20a1 is parallel to the direction in which the keys 11 are arranged. In the key release state, the lower outer peripheral surface of the roller 20 a 1 is in contact with the upper surface of the base member 36. On the other hand, a plunger cap 37 as a connecting member is assembled to the lower end of the second rod 33. A sheet-like buffer sheet 37 a is attached to the lower end surface of the plunger cap 37. And the sheet-like low friction sheet | seat 37b is affixed on the lower surface of the buffer sheet | seat 37a. The buffer sheet 37 a absorbs an impact caused by contact between a capstan screw 38 and a plunger cap 37 described later. Further, the low friction sheet 37b reduces friction between the capstan screw 38 and the buffer sheet 37a.

  A capstan screw 38 is assembled to the rear end portion of the key 11 and facing the plunger cap 37. The upper surface of the capstan screw 38 is formed in a convex and curved shape. As described above, when the solenoid 31 is not energized, the plunger 31 c is lowered by its own weight and the weight of the hammer 20. As a result, the lower surface of the low friction sheet 37b comes into contact with the upper surface of the capstan screw 38 and pushes the capstan screw 38 downward, so that the front end of the key 11 moves upward and stops at the rest position. On the other hand, when the solenoid 31 is energized, the plunger 31c moves upward against its own weight and the weight of the hammer 20 by electromagnetic force. As a result, the plunger cap 37 also moves upward. Since the front end of the key 11 is heavier than the rear end, the front end of the key 11 moves downward.

  The keyboard device 10 also includes a position sensor 40 that detects the position of the plunger 31c. The position sensor 40 includes a light emitting unit 40a, a light receiving unit 40b, and a reflecting plate 35 provided on the front surface of the yoke 31d. The light emitted from the light emitting unit 40a is reflected by the reflecting plate 35 and received by the light receiving unit 40b. The reflectance of the light on the rear surface of the vertical wall portion 35b of the reflecting plate 35 is configured to gradually change from the lower portion toward the upper portion. As the solenoid 31 is driven and the reflecting plate 35 moves up and down, the intensity of light incident on the light receiving unit 40b changes. That is, the intensity of the light received by the light receiving unit 40b corresponds to the vertical position of the plunger 31c. The position sensor 40 outputs a position signal indicating the position P of the plunger 31c according to the intensity of light received by the light receiving unit 40b.

  Further, below the front end of each key 11, there is provided a key switch SW for detecting a key release operation of the key 11 during manual performance. The key switch SW includes a first switch SW1 and a second switch SW2. When the key 11 is not depressed, both switches are in the off state. When the key 11 is pressed, the first switch SW1 is first switched from the OFF state to the ON state, and when the key pressing depth is further increased, the second switch SW2 is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. When the key 11 is released, the second switch SW2 is switched from the on state to the off state, and when the key depression depth is further reduced, the first switch SW1 is switched from the on state to the off state.

  The electronic musical instrument also includes a detection circuit 43 connected to the bus 42. The on / off operation of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 of each key 11 during manual performance is detected by the detection circuit 43. That is, when the detection circuit 43 scans the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 of each key 11 and detects that the switch SW2 has changed from the off state to the on state, the detection circuit 43 sends an interrupt signal to the computer unit 45 described later. And a key code indicating the pitch assigned to the key 11 to which the switch belongs and a key-on command (key-on data) indicating that the key has been depressed are generated to generate a key-on event. When the detection circuit 43 detects that the first switch SW1 has changed from the on state to the off state, the detection circuit 43 outputs an interrupt signal to the computer unit 45 and also represents a key code representing the pitch of the key 11 to which the switch belongs. A key-off command (key-off data) indicating that the key has been released is output to generate a key-off event. Further, the detection circuit 43 inputs a position signal indicating the position P of the plunger 31 c from the position sensor 40 in accordance with an instruction from the computer unit 45 and outputs the position signal to the computer unit 45.

  The electronic musical instrument also includes a drive circuit 44 connected to the bus 42. The drive circuit 44 supplies a pulse width modulated (PWM) drive signal to drive the solenoid 31. Specifically, the key code and the duty ratio supplied from the computer unit 45 are input via the bus 42, and the duty ratio is set to the solenoid 31 corresponding to the key 11 represented by the key code. A PWM signal is supplied as a drive signal.

  The electronic musical instrument also includes a computer unit 45 connected to the bus 42. The computer unit 45 includes a CPU 45a, a timer 45b, a ROM 45c, and a RAM 45d. The CPU 45a executes various programs to be described later and controls the tone generator circuit 48 to generate musical tone signals corresponding to automatic performance and manual performance. Further, during automatic performance, the solenoid 11 is controlled to drive the key 11. In the present embodiment, as will be described in detail later, the control states of the solenoid 31 are classified according to combinations of a plurality of flag values. Due to the occurrence of a key event, movement of the plunger 31c, etc., the values of the plurality of flags change. As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 changes. In each control state, control information (that is, the value of the output flag PWF) of the drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31 is defined, and the CPU 45a controls the solenoid 31 according to this control information.

  The timer 45b outputs an interrupt signal to the CPU 45a at a cycle set in advance by the CPU 45a. The ROM 45c includes a semiconductor memory and a hard disk built in the electronic musical instrument in advance, a large-capacity nonvolatile recording medium such as an HDD, FDD, CD-ROM, MO, and DVD that can be mounted on the electronic musical instrument, It includes a drive unit corresponding to the medium, and stores various programs and various data.

  In the present embodiment, the ROM 45c stores a plurality of song data for automatically playing a song, a plurality of duty ratio tables indicating the duty ratio of the drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31, and the like. Each piece of music data includes a header and a series of event data. The header is composed of a plurality of data representing a song title, initial tone color, volume, performance tempo, and the like. The event data includes key-on data, key-off data, musical tone control data, tempo data, end data, and the like. As will be described in detail later, the computer unit 45 operates as an automatic performance control device by reading and reproducing the music data by the CPU 45a.

  The key-on data is composed of a key code representing the pitch of the musical sound signal to be generated and a key-on command representing the key depression. That is, the key-on data is composed of the same data as the key code and key-on command output from the detection circuit 43 when the key is depressed during manual performance. The key-off data is composed of a key code representing the pitch of the musical tone being generated and a key-off command representing the key release. That is, the key-off data is composed of data similar to the key code and key-off command output from the detection circuit 43 when the key is released during manual performance.

  The musical tone control data is composed of control data for changing the tone color and volume of the musical tone signal being generated. The tempo data is composed of control data for changing the tempo of automatic performance. These key-on data, key-off data, musical tone control data, and tempo data each include a tempo clock timing representing the timing in the music. End data represents the end of the song. The above key-on data, key-off data, and musical tone control data are referred to as musical tone control parameters. The music data and program described above may be recorded in advance on each recording medium, or may be taken in from an external device via a MIDI interface circuit 52 and a communication interface circuit 53 described later.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the plurality of duty ratio tables includes a position of the plunger 31c (that is, a key pressing depth) and a drive signal (PWM signal) supplied to the solenoid 31 in order to move the key 11 smoothly. It defines the relationship with the duty ratio. The table at the time of key pressing is different from the table at the time of key release. That is, each duty ratio table has hysteresis. In the following description, a drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31 when the key 11 is moved from the rest position toward the full stroke position is referred to as a key pressing drive signal, and the key 11 is moved from the full stroke position toward the rest position. A drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31 when moving is referred to as a key release drive signal. Further, the average value of the duty ratio according to the position of the plunger 31c differs for each duty ratio table. The key 11 is assigned to any one of a plurality of duty ratio tables according to the sound range to which the key 11 belongs (for example, a low sound range, a middle sound range, and a high sound range). Specifically, since the mass body of the keyboard device 10 is heavier in the lower sound range (that is, the rotational moment is larger), the key 11 in the lower sound range is assigned to a duty ratio table having a larger average value of the duty ratio.

  The RAM 45d temporarily stores data necessary for executing various programs. In particular, in the present embodiment, the RAM 45 d stores data for determining the control state of the solenoid 31 for each key 11. Specifically, the values of MIDI status flag MSF, plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, previous state output flag PPWF, key-on count ONCT, key-off count OFCT, key drive count KDCT, key-off count flag OFF, and key drive count flag KDF are stored. To do.

  The MIDI status flag MSF represents the type of the latest key event that occurred during automatic performance. That is, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1” when a key-on event occurs, and is set to “0” when a key-off event occurs.

  The values of the plunger position flags P1 to P3 are determined according to the position of the plunger 31c. Here, when the solenoid 31 is in a non-energized state, the position of the plunger 31c when the key 11 is at the rest position is set to the initial position PS (0 mm), the solenoid 31 is driven, and the key 11 is at the full stroke position. The position of the plunger 31c at this time is defined as a limit position PE (5 mm). A first position P1 (0.3 mm), a second position P2 (3.5 mm), and a third position P3 (4.7 mm) are set between the initial position PS and the limit position PE. When the plunger 31c is between the initial position PS and the first position P1, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are all set to “0”. When the plunger 31c is between the first position P1 and the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF1 is set to “1”, and the remaining plunger position flags PF2 and PF3 are set to “0”. When the plunger 31c is between the second position P2 and the third position P3, the plunger position flags PF1 and PF2 are set to “1”, and the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “0”. When the plunger 31c is between the third position P3 and the limit position PE, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are set to “1”.

  The previous state output flag PPWF represents the type of drive signal to the solenoid 31 in the previous control state. That is, the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” when a key pressing drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31 in the previous control state, and is released to the solenoid 31 in the previous control state. It is set to “0” when a driving signal for use is supplied.

  The key-on number ONCT and the key-off number OFCT are the number of key-on events and key-off events related to the key 11 that occur between the time when the key 11 is driven by the drive circuit 44 and the key 11 starts to move from the rest position to the rest position again. Represents. In the continuous hit performance in which the same key is repeatedly pressed within a short period, the key-on event and the key-off event are repeatedly generated before the key 11 returns to the rest position. In this case, as will be described in detail later, the drive circuit 44 switches to the key pressing operation again during the key releasing operation of the key 11. The CPU 45a counts the number of key-on events and key-off events at the time of this continuous playing and stores them in the RAM 45d as the key-on number ONCT and the key-off number OFCT. Further, the CPU 45a stores, in the RAM 45d, the number of times that the plunger 31c has reached the limit position PE as the key driving number KDCT during the repeated performance.

  The key-off count flag OFF is set to “0” when the key-off count OFCT is “0”, and is set to “1” when the key-off count OFCT is “1” or more. The key driving number flag KDF is set to “1” when the difference DIF (= ONCT−KDCT) between the key-on number ONCT and the key driving number KDCT is larger than a predetermined reference value b, and the difference DIF is set to the reference value. When it is less than or equal to b, it is set to “0”. However, when the difference DIF is larger than the reference value a, the difference DIF is set to “0”. Note that the reference value a and the reference value b are related to the output characteristics of the solenoid 31 (that is, the thrust with respect to the supplied power). Therefore, the optimum reference value a and reference value b are obtained according to the characteristics of the solenoid 31 and the duty ratio table. Further, the optimum reference value a and reference value b may be obtained experimentally. In the present embodiment, the best results were obtained when a = 6 and b = 2. In other words, the key drive for pronunciation was felt naturally.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control state of the solenoid 31 depends on the combination of the values of the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, and the key drive count flag KDF. There are 16 types of states ST1 to ST16. In each state classified as described above, the value of the output flag PWF indicating whether or not to supply a drive signal to the solenoid 31 is set and stored in the ROM 45c. In the figure, in a state where the value of the output flag PWF is described as “1”, a driving signal for key depression is supplied to the solenoid 31 and the value of the output flag PWF is described as “0”. , A key release drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31. In the figure, “NC” represents any value of “0” or “1”. In the following description, “ST1” to “ST16” are referred to as state numbers.

  For example, the state ST1 is a state in which the values of the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, and the key drive count flag KDF are set to “0”. In this state ST1, since the value of the output flag PWF is defined as “0”, a drive signal for key release is supplied to the solenoid 31. Further, for example, in the state ST2, only the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1” among the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, and the key drive count flag KDF. And the other flags are set to “0”. In this state ST9, since the value of the output flag PWF is defined as “1”, a drive signal for key depression is supplied to the solenoid 31. Even in other control states, the supply of the drive signal to the solenoid 31 is controlled according to the value of the output flag PWF.

  The electronic musical instrument also includes a plurality of panel operators 46, a display 47, and a sound source circuit 48. The plurality of panel operators 46 are provided on the operation panel of the electronic musical instrument, and are used for setting various data of the electronic musical instrument. For example, it is used to select a tone color of a musical sound that is generated when the keyboard 10 is pressed and released. Also, for example, it is used to select music data stored in the ROM 45c and automatically play it. The operation of the plurality of panel operators 46 is detected by a detection circuit 49 connected to the bus 42.

  The detection circuit 49 outputs operation information representing the operation of the plurality of panel operators 46 to the computer unit 45. For example, when the user selects a timbre to be assigned to the keyboard 10 using the panel operator, the detection circuit 49 outputs an interrupt signal to the computer unit 45 and also outputs a timbre number representing the selected timbre. Further, for example, when the user selects music data and gives an instruction to start automatic performance, the detection circuit 49 outputs an interrupt signal to the computer unit 45, and at the same time, the music number indicating the selected music and the automatic performance. The performance start data indicating the start is output. The display 47 is composed of a liquid crystal display, CRT, or the like provided on the operation panel, and displays characters, numbers, figures, and the like. The display content of the display 47 is controlled by a display circuit 50 connected to the bus 42.

  The tone generator circuit 48 is connected to the bus 42 and starts generating a musical sound signal in accordance with a musical sound control parameter indicating the generation start of the musical sound signal supplied from the CPU 45a via the bus 42. Further, the tone generator circuit 48 stops the generation of the tone signal in accordance with the tone control parameter indicating the stop of the generation of the tone signal supplied from the CPU 45a via the bus 42. Stopping the generation of a musical sound signal means stopping the generation after the release control (attenuation control) of the musical sound signal. The tone generator circuit 48 has a plurality of tone generation channels. In this embodiment, when a key-on event occurs, a tone signal is generated on any one of the tone generation channels. The musical tone signal generated by the tone generator circuit 48 is emitted through the sound system 51. The sound system 51 includes a D / A converter that D / A converts a musical sound signal, an amplifier that amplifies the musical sound signal converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter, and the analog signal amplified by the amplifier into air vibration. A speaker that converts and emits sound is included.

  The electronic musical instrument can be connected to various external devices 52. That is, the electronic musical instrument includes a MIDI interface circuit 53 connected to the bus 42 and can be connected to a MIDI device 54 (for example, a sequencer) that supports MIDI. The electronic musical instrument is provided with a communication interface circuit 55 and can be connected to a server computer 56 via a communication network NT such as the Internet.

  Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be described. When the user turns on a power switch (not shown) of the electronic musical instrument, the CPU 45a executes the initialization program shown in FIG. When starting the initialization process in step S10, the CPU 45a sets each circuit of the electronic musical instrument to an initial state in step S12. That is, timbre data assigned to the keyboard 10, display data to be displayed on the display 47, and the like are read from the ROM 45c and set as initial values. Next, in step S14, the CPU 45a starts operation of the timer 45b, and sets the timer interrupt to be generated at a predetermined interval (for example, every 1 millisecond interval). Next, the CPU 45a permits an interrupt from the detection circuit 43 and the detection circuit 49 in step S16. Then, the CPU 45a ends the initialization process in step S18.

  When an interrupt related to a key event (key-on event or key-off event) occurs from the detection circuit 43, the CPU 45a executes a manual performance program shown in FIG. When the manual performance process is started in step S20, the CPU 45a takes key event data (key-on data or key-off data) from the detection circuit 43 and stores it in the event processing buffer in the RAM 45d in step S22. The event processing buffer is a FIFO (First In First Out) memory that can store a plurality of key event data. That is, the plurality of data stored in the event processing buffer is processed by the key event program described below and the key driving program described later in order of the stored timing. In step S24, the CPU 45a executes the key event program shown in FIG.

  The key event program is a subroutine common to the manual performance program and the automatic performance program described later. When the CPU 45a starts key event processing in step S30, it determines in step S32 whether the key event data stored in the event processing buffer is a key-on event or a key-off event. When the key event data stored in the event processing buffer represents a key-on event, the CPU 45a instructs the sound source circuit 48 to generate a sound in step S34. That is, using the key event data, a tone control parameter that defines the tone to be generated is generated and output to the tone generator circuit 48. The tone generator circuit 48 generates a tone signal corresponding to the input tone control parameter and supplies it to the sound system 51. And CPU45a advances a process to below-mentioned step S38.

  On the other hand, when the key event data stored in the event processing buffer represents a key-off event in step S32, the CPU 45a instructs mute in step S36. That is, the tone generator circuit 48 is instructed to stop the generation of the tone signal specified by the key event data. As a result, the tone generator circuit 48 attenuates the volume of the musical tone signal being generated and stops the generation of the musical tone. In step S38, the CPU 45a ends the key event program and returns to the main routine. In the above case, since the key event program is executed as a subroutine of the manual performance program, the CPU 45a returns to the manual performance program which is the main routine, and ends the manual performance processing in step S26 of the manual performance program.

  Further, when an interrupt is generated from the detection circuit 49 and the CPU 45a detects that the interrupt factor is an instruction to start automatic performance from the user, the CPU 45a displays the automatic performance program shown in FIG. 9 and the key drive shown in FIG. Run the program. The automatic performance program and the key driving program are executed in parallel.

  First, the automatic performance program will be described. When starting the automatic performance process in step S40, the CPU 45a starts measuring time using the timer 45b in step S42. Next, in step S44, the CPU 45a searches the event data of the music data selected by the user for event data whose tempo clock timing matches the current time. If there is no corresponding event data, it is determined as “No”, and Step S44 is executed again. On the other hand, if there is corresponding event data, it is determined as “Yes”, and in step S46, the event data is read and stored in the event processing buffer. In step S48, the CPU 45a determines the next process to be executed according to the type of event data stored in the event processing buffer. That is, if the stored event data is key event data, the key event program is executed in step S50, and the process returns to step S44. In the automatic performance, since the key 11 is driven by a key driving program described later, the on / off state of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 of the driven key 11 changes. Does not run a manual performance program. However, when the on / off state of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 of the non-driven key 11 changes (that is, when the non-driven key 11 is pressed and released by the performer). Run a manual performance program.

  If the event data stored in step S46 is other data, the CPU 45a executes processing corresponding to the event data in step S52, and returns to step S44. For example, if the event data is program change data for changing the timbre, a tone control parameter indicating that the timbre is changed is generated and output to the tone generator circuit 48, and the process returns to step S44. If the event data stored in step S46 is end data, the CPU 45a ends the automatic performance process in step S54.

  Next, the key driving program will be described. The key driving program repeatedly executes steps S64 to S86 described below, and changes the control state of the solenoid 31. Hereinafter, the key driving process of one key 11 will be described, but the same process is performed for other keys. When starting the key driving process in step S60, the CPU 45a executes an initialization process in step S62. That is, all the flag values are set to “0”. Further, the values of the key-on count ONCT, the key-off count OFCT, and the key drive count KDCT are set to “0”. Further, the state number buffer for storing the state number of the immediately previous control state that transits to the current control state is set to “ST1”.

  Next, in step S64, the CPU 45a determines whether there is unprocessed event data that has not been subjected to key driving processing among the event data stored in the event processing buffer by executing step S46 of the automatic performance program. Detect whether or not. If there is no unprocessed event data, the CPU 45a determines “No” and advances the process to step S70 described later. On the other hand, if there is unprocessed event data, the CPU 45a determines “Yes” and determines the next process to be executed in step S66 according to the type of the unprocessed event data.

  When the unprocessed event data is other data different from the key event data and the end data, the CPU 45a advances the process to step S70 described later. If the unprocessed event data is key event data, the CPU 45a determines in step S68 the key event data according to the type of event represented by the key event data (that is, key-on event or key-off event). The MIDI status flag MSF corresponding to the key code represented by the event data is updated, and the key-on count ONCT or the key-off count OFCT is updated. That is, when the key event data represents a key-on event, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1” and the key-on count ONCT is incremented. In this case, the key driving number flag KDF is updated according to the difference DIF (= ONCT−KDCT). That is, if the difference DIF is equal to or smaller than the reference value b, the key driving number flag KDF is set to “0”, and if the difference DIF is larger than the reference value b, the key driving number flag KDF is set to “1”. However, when the difference DIF is larger than the reference value a, the difference DIF is regarded as “0” and the key driving number flag KDF is set. On the other hand, when a key-off event is indicated, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0” and the key-off count OFCT is incremented. In this case, since the key-off count OFCT is “1” or more, the key-off count flag OFF is set to “1”. Further, the previous state output flag PPWF is set to the value of the output flag PWF of the previous control state.

  Next, in step S70, the CPU 45a reads the current position P of the plunger 31c from the position sensor 40 via the detection circuit 43, and updates the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 according to the read position P. To do. That is, when the position P is between the initial position PS and the first position P1, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are all set to “0”. When the position P is between the first position P1 and the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF1 is set to “1”, and the remaining plunger position flags PF2 and PF3 are set to “0”. When the position P is between the second position P2 and the third position P3, the plunger position flags PF1 and PF2 are set to “1”, and the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “0”. When the position P is between the third position P3 and the limit position PE, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are set to “1”.

  Next, in step S72, the CPU 45a determines whether or not the values of the MIDI status flag MSF and the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are all “0”. If the value of at least one of the MIDI status flag MSF and the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 is “1”, it is determined as “No”, and the CPU 45a advances the process to step S76 described later. If the values of the MIDI status flag MSF and the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 are all “0”, it is determined as “Yes”, and the CPU 45a determines in step S74 that the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, the key The drive count flag KDF, key-on count ONCT, key-off count OFCT, and key drive count KDCT are set to “0”.

  Next, in step S76, the CPU 45a uses the values of the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, and the key drive count flag KDF, to determine the current solenoid 31. It is determined which control state the control state corresponds to among the control states ST1 to ST16. For example, immediately after the start of the key drive program, the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off count flag OFF, and the key drive count flag KDF are all initialized to “0”. Therefore, the CPU 45a determines that it corresponds to the control state ST1.

  Next, in step S78, the CPU 45a determines whether or not the control state of the solenoid 31 has changed. That is, it is determined whether or not the previous control state represented by the state number stored in the state number buffer matches the current control state determined in step S76. If both control states match, it is determined as “No”, and the CPU 45a advances the process to step S84 described later. On the other hand, if the two control states are different, it is determined as “Yes”, and in step S80, the transition of the control state is the transition from the state ST4 to the state ST5, the transition from the state ST4 to the state ST6, or the state. It is determined whether or not any of the transitions from ST8 to control state ST9 is applicable. If it does not correspond to any transition, the CPU 45a determines “No” and advances the process to step S84. On the other hand, if any of the transitions is satisfied, the CPU 45a determines “Yes” and updates the key driving number KDCT and the key driving number flag KDF in step S82. That is, the key driving frequency KDCT is incremented. Then, the difference DIF is calculated. If the difference DIF is equal to or smaller than the reference value b, the key driving number flag KDF is set to “0”, and if the difference DIF is larger than the reference value b, the key driving number flag KDF is set to “1”. Set to. However, when the difference DIF is larger than the reference value a, the difference DIF is regarded as “0” and the key driving number flag KDF is set.

  Next, in step S84, the CPU 45a controls the supply of the drive signal to the solenoid 31 according to the value of the output flag PWF in the determined current control state. Specifically, if the value of the output flag PWF is “1”, the CPU 45a supplies a key code representing the solenoid 31 to be driven to the drive circuit 44, and in accordance with the key pressing duty ratio table described above. The duty ratio is supplied to the drive circuit 44. On the other hand, if the value of the output flag PWF is “0”, the CPU 45a supplies a key code representing the solenoid 31 to be driven to the drive circuit 44 and sets the duty ratio according to the above-described key release duty ratio table. This is supplied to the drive circuit 44.

  Next, in step S86, the CPU 45a stores the state number of the current control state in the control state buffer as the state number of the previous control state, and returns to step S64. In this way, the CPU 45a repeats the processes of steps S64 to S86 described above. However, if the type of event data is end data in step S66, the CPU 45a ends the key driving program in step S88. Since the process of repeating steps S64 to S86 is executed at high speed, none of the flags and counter values may be updated in the execution of steps S64 to S86. That is, there is a case where the control state does not change only by executing steps S64 to S86 once.

  Next, the transition of the control state of the solenoid 31 and the operation in each state will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. In the block indicating each control state in FIG. 11, the values of the MIDI status flag MSF, the plunger position flags PF1 to PF3, the previous state output flag PPWF, the key-off number flag OFF, and the key-drive number flag KDF in each control state are shown. They are listed in parentheses in order. And the value of the output flag PWF prescribed | regulated to each control state is described under the parenthesis which listed the value of various flags. In addition, a key-on event and a key-off event occur at the fall of each of the pulses of the key-on signal KEYON and the key-off signal KEYOFF representing the key-on command and the key-off command in FIGS.

A. Normal Drive First, the control state transition of the solenoid 31 and the operation in each control state in the normal drive in which the key 11 is depressed and held at the full stroke position for a certain time and then returned to the rest position will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. I will explain.

(A1) State ST1
At the start of driving of the key 11, all the flags are initialized to “0” (S62), so the control state of the solenoid 31 is the state ST1.

(A2) State ST1 to state ST2
Next, due to the key-on event, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1” (S68), and the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “1”. Further, the difference DIF between the key-on count ONCT and the key drive count KDCT is “1”. Since the difference DIF is equal to or smaller than “b” (= “2”), the key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. Also, the values of other flags and other counters remain “0”. In the following description, only a flag whose value has been changed in each step will be described, and a description of a flag whose value has not been changed will be omitted. As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST2 (S76). In the state ST2, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a drive signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is raised.

(A3) State ST2 to state ST3
When the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the first position P1, the position flag PF1 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to the value of the output flag PWF in the state ST2 that is the previous control state. (S70). That is, the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1”. Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST3 (S76). In the state ST3, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a driving signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(A4) State ST3 to state ST4
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST4 (S76). In the state ST4, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a drive signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(A5) State ST4 to state ST5
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). Further, since the key-off count OFCT is “0”, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST5 (S76). Since this is a transition from the state ST4 to the state ST5, the key drive count KDCT is incremented (S82) and set to “1”. As a result, the difference DIF between the key drive count KDCT and the key-on count ONCT is “0”. The key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. In the state ST5, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a key pressing drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31, and the plunger 31c is further raised and held at the limit position PE. That is, the key 11 is held at the full stroke position.

(A6) State ST5 to State ST9
Next, due to the key-off event, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). The key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “1”, and the key-off count flag OFF is set to “1” (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST9 (S76). In the state ST9, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a key release drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is lowered.

(A7) State ST9 to state ST13
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST13 (S76). In the state ST13, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a drive signal for key release is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is further lowered.

(A8) State ST13 to state ST15
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). Further, since the key driving number flag KDF is “0”, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST15 (S76). In the state ST15, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a drive signal for key release is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is further lowered.

(A9) State ST15 to state ST1
When the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the first position P1, the plunger position flag PF1 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST1 (S76), and the key 11 stops at the rest position.

B. Staccato drive Next, when the key 11 is depressed, a key-off event occurs before the key 11 reaches the full stroke position, and immediately after the key 11 reaches the full stroke position, the operation shifts to a key release operation. The transition of the control state of the solenoid 31 and the operation in each control state in the staccato drive for returning the valve to the rest position will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 13.

(B1) State ST1 to state ST2 to state ST3
Since the state transition from the state ST1 to the state ST3 and the operation in each state are the same as those in the normal driving described above, the description thereof is omitted.

(B2) State ST3 to state ST7
When a key-off event occurs in the state ST3, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). The key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “1”, and the key-off count flag OFF is set to “1” (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST7 (S76). In the state ST7, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a driving signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(B3) State ST7 to state ST8
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST8 (S76). In the state ST8, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a driving signal for key depression is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(B4) State ST8 to ... State ST1
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST9 (S76). Since this is a transition from the state ST8 to the state ST9, the key drive count KDCT is incremented (S82) and set to “1”. As a result, the difference DIF between the key drive count KDCT and the key-on count ONCT is “0”. The key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. In the state ST9, the output flag PWF is set to “0”, but even if the CPU 45a switches the drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31 to the key release drive signal, the plunger 31c moves slightly upward due to inertia. (See FIG. 12). The plunger 31c moves down after reaching the limit position PE. Thereafter, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed in the order of the state ST13, the state ST15, and the state ST1 in the same manner as the normal driving, and the key 11 stops at the rest position.

C. Next, the key 11 is depressed, a key-off event is generated before the key 11 reaches the full stroke position, and the key release operation is started immediately after the key 11 reaches the full stroke position. FIG. 11, FIG. 14A, and FIG. 14B show the transition of the control state of the solenoid 31 and the operation in each control state in the continuous driving in which a key-on event occurs in the middle and the key 11 moves to the key pressing operation before reaching the rest position. Will be described.

(C1) States ST1 to ST9
Since the state transition from the state ST1 to the state ST9 and the operation in each state are the same as the operation in the staccato drive, description thereof is omitted.

(C2) State ST9 to state ST11
When a key-on event occurs in the state ST9, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Further, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “2”, and the difference DIF becomes “1”, but the key drive count flag KDF remains “0” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST11 (S76). In the state ST11, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a key release drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is lowered.

(C3) State ST11 to State ST10
When a key-off event occurs in the state ST11, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Further, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “2”, and the key-off count flag OFF is set to “1” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST10 (S76). In the state ST10, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a driving signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is further lowered.

(C4) State ST10 to State ST15
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST13 (S76). In the state ST13, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a drive signal for key release is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is further lowered. Then, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST15. Since the transition from the state ST13 to the state ST15 and the operation in the state ST15 are the same as those in the normal driving, the description thereof is omitted.

(C5) State ST15 to state ST16
When a key-on event occurs in the state ST15, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Further, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “3”, and the difference DIF becomes “2”, but the key drive count flag KDF remains “0” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST16 (S76). In the state ST16, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a drive signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), but the plunger 31c is raised after being slightly lowered due to inertia. start. That is, the plunger 31c starts to rise again before reaching the initial position PS.

(C6) State ST16 to state ST4
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST4 (S76). In the state ST4, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a drive signal for key pressing is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(C7) State ST4 to state ST6
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). Further, since the key-off count OFCT is “2”, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST6 (S76). Since this is a transition from the state ST4 to the state ST6, the key drive count KDCT is incremented (S82) and set to “2”. As a result, the difference DIF between the key drive count KDCT and the key-on count ONCT is “1”. The key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. In the state ST6, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a drive signal for releasing the key is supplied to the solenoid 31, but the plunger 31c slightly rises due to inertia and the position P becomes the third position P3. Over.

(C8) State ST6 to state ST10
When a key-off event occurs in the state ST6, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Also, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “3” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST10 (S76). Also in the state ST10, the output flag PWF is set to “0” following the state ST6. However, the plunger 31c further rises due to inertia and reaches the limit position PE and then starts to fall.

(C9) State ST10 to State ST11
When a key-on event occurs in the state ST10, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Further, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “4”, and the difference DIF becomes “2”, but the key drive count flag remains “0” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST11 (S76). In the state ST11, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a key release drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is lowered.

(C10) State ST11 to State ST12
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST12 (S76). In the state ST12, since the output flag PWF is set to “0”, a key release drive signal is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), and the plunger 31c is further lowered.

(C11) State ST12 to state ST16 to state ST4
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST16 (S76), and the plunger 31c starts to rise again. And as demonstrated in (C6), the control state of the solenoid 31 changes to state ST4 again.

(C12) State ST4 to state ST8
When a key-off event occurs in the state ST4, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). Also, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “4” (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST8 (S76), and the plunger 31c further rises.

(C13) State ST8 to state ST9 to state ST11 to state ST12
When the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the third position P3, the state transitions to the state ST9. The key driving frequency KDCT is incremented and set to “3”, and the difference DIF becomes “1”. The key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. And plunger 31c descends and changes to state ST11. The key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “5”, and the difference DIF becomes “2”. The key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. Then, the plunger 31c is further lowered, and the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST12.

(C14) State ST12 to ... State ST12
When the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the second position P2, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST16. Thereafter, transition is made in the order of state ST16, state ST4, state ST8, state ST9, state ST11, and state ST12. In the transition from the state ST4 to the state ST8, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “5”. Further, in the transition from the state ST8 to the state ST9, the key driving number KDCT is incremented and set to “4”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “1”, but the key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. In the transition from the state ST9 to the state ST11, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “6”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “2”, but the key driving number flag KDF remains “0”.

(C15) State ST12 to state ST13
When a key-off event occurs in the state ST12, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Also, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “6” (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST13 (S76), and the plunger 31c is further lowered.

(C16) State ST13 to State ST15 to State ST1
The plunger 31c descends, and the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions in order of the state ST15 and the state ST1, and the key 11 stops at the rest position.

  Next, in the state ST15 of FIG. 14B described above, an example in which a key-on event further occurs and further continuous hitting will be described with reference to FIGS.

(C17) State ST15 to State ST16 to ... ST13
In this case, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST16. In this example, the control state of the solenoid 31 subsequently changes in the order of the state ST4, the state ST6, the state ST10, the state ST11, the state ST12, and the state ST13. These state transitions and operations in each state are the same as in the above-described continuous driving. In the transition from the state ST15 to the state ST16, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “7”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “3”, so that the key driving number flag KDF is set to “1”. Further, in the transition from the state ST4 to the state ST6, the key driving number KDCT is incremented and set to “5”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “2”, and the key driving number flag KDF is set to “0”. In the transition from the state ST6 to the state ST10, the key-off count OFCT is incremented and set to “7”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “2”, but the key driving number flag KDF remains “0”. In the transition from the state ST10 to the state ST11, the key-on count ONCT is incremented and set to “8”. As a result, the difference DIF becomes “3”, so that the key driving number flag KDF is set to “1”. In the transition from the state ST12 to the state ST13, the key-off number OFCT is incremented and set to “8”.

(C18) State ST13 to State ST14
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c falls below the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S70). Further, since the key driving number flag KDF is “1”, the control state of the solenoid 31 is shifted to the state ST14 (S76). In the state ST14, since the output flag PWF is set to “1”, a driving signal for pressing the key is supplied to the solenoid 31 (S84), but the plunger 31c starts to rise after being slightly lowered due to inertia. .

(C19) State ST14 to State ST8
Next, when the position P of the plunger 31c exceeds the second position P2, the plunger position flag PF2 is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST8 (S76). Thereby, the plunger 31c further rises.

  Thereafter, the state ST9, the state ST11, the state ST12, the state ST13, the state ST15, the state ST16, the state ST4, the state ST6, the state ST10, the state ST11, the state ST12, and the state ST14 are changed in this order, and the operation of returning to the state ST8 again is repeated. The difference DIF exceeds the reference value a (= “6”). In this case, the difference DIF is regarded as “0” in the state ST13. Thereby, instead of transition from state ST13 to state ST14, transition is made to state ST15. If no key-on event occurs in the state ST15, the state transits to the state ST1, and the key 11 stops at the rest position.

D. Others Next, other transitions of the control state of the solenoid 31 will be described.

  When a key-on event occurs in the state ST8, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). Further, the key-on number ONCT is incremented, and the key driving number flag is set according to the difference DIF (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST4 (S76). Then, following the state ST8, the plunger 31c moves up.

  In the state ST6, when the plunger 31c is lowered and the position P of the plunger 31c is lower than the third position P3, the plunger position flag PF3 is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0”. (S70). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST12 (S76). Then, following the state ST6, the plunger 31c is lowered.

  In the state ST13, when a key-on event occurs, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “0” (S68). Further, the key-on number ONCT is incremented, and the key driving number flag is set according to the difference DIF (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST12 (S76). Then, following the state ST13, the plunger 31c descends.

  In the state ST7, when a key-on event occurs, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “1”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). Further, the key-on number ONCT is incremented, and the key driving number flag KDF is set according to the difference DIF (S68). Thereby, the control state of the solenoid 31 is changed to the state ST3 (S76). Then, following the state ST7, the plunger 31c moves up.

  In the state ST16, when a key-off event occurs, the MIDI status flag MSF is set to “0”, and the previous state output flag PPWF is set to “1” (S68). Further, the key-off count OFCT is incremented (S68). As a result, the control state of the solenoid 31 transitions to the state ST7 (S76). Subsequently to the state ST16, the plunger 31c moves up.

  In this embodiment, since the interval between the initial position PS and the first position P1 is set very narrow, it is not considered that a key-off event occurs before the transition from the state ST2 to the state ST3.

  According to the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, when a key-on event and a key-off event related to the key 11 are repeatedly generated within a short period of time, generation and stop of a musical sound signal is synchronized with the generation of these key-on event and key-off event. Is controlled. Since the difference DIF between the key-on count ONCT and the key drive count KDCT from the start to the end of the key 11 is less than or equal to the reference value b, The operation of the key 11 with respect to pronunciation is natural.

  Further, when the difference DIF between the key-on count ONCT and the key drive count KDCT from the start to the end of the key 11 is larger than the reference value a, the difference DIF is regarded as “0”. Thereby, in the middle of the continuous hitting operation, when the difference between the number of key press information supplied from the start of the continuous hitting and the number of times of key driving becomes larger than the reference value a, the continuous hitting is ended. That is, the driving of the key 11 ends almost simultaneously with the end of the sound generation for the number of times the key is pressed and released. Thereby, it can prevent that the operation | movement of the key 11 with respect to generation | occurrence | production of a musical sound is felt unnatural. In this case, since the number of times the key is pressed and released is very large, even if the difference between the number of times the musical sound is generated and the number of times the key 11 is driven is somewhat large, the operation of the key 11 does not feel unnatural.

  Further, as described above, the duty ratio table only defines the relationship between the position of the plunger 31c (that is, the key pressing depth) and the duty ratio of the drive signal (PWM signal) supplied to the solenoid 31. Therefore, the moving speed of the plunger 31c does not depend on the performance method (the above normal driving, staccato driving, continuous driving, etc.). Therefore, the control of the drive signal supplied to the solenoid 31 is simple.

  Furthermore, in carrying out the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention.

  For example, the engaging portion between the plunger 31c and the key 11 may be configured as shown in FIG. 16A. In this case, a plunger cap 37A is used in place of the plunger cap 37. The lower end portion of the plunger cap 37A is provided with shafts 37A1 and 37A1 extending in the left direction and the right direction of the key 11, respectively. Further, a connecting member 38A is assembled to the rear end portion of the key 11 and facing the plunger cap 37A. That is, a protrusion extending in the vertical direction is provided at the lower end portion of the connecting member 38A. The protrusion is press-fitted into a fitting hole provided in the key 11, and then bonded, whereby the connecting member 38A is bonded. Is assembled to the rear end of the key 11. A V-shaped groove that opens upward as viewed from the front side is provided at the upper end of the connecting member 38. The side surface of the connecting member 38 is provided with long holes 38A1 and 38A1 that penetrate from the lower end of the groove to the high sound side and the low sound side, respectively, and are long in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 16B, a buffer sheet 37a and a low friction sheet 37b similar to those of the above embodiment are attached to the upper end surfaces of the long holes 38A1 and 38A1. When the plunger cap 37A is pushed into the groove from above the connecting member 38A, the groove is slightly opened by the elasticity of the groove, the shafts 37A1 and 37A1 are fitted into the long holes 38A1 and 38A1, respectively, and the top surfaces of the shafts 37A1 and 37A1 Contacts the lower surface of the low friction sheet 37b. When configured as described above, when the solenoid 31 is not energized, the weight of the plunger 31c and the weight of the hammer 20 are transmitted to the connecting portion 38A via the shafts 37A1 and 37A1, and the connecting portion 38A is pushed downward. As a result, the front end of the key 11 moves upward. On the other hand, when the solenoid 31 is energized, the connecting member 38A is pulled upward by the shafts 37A1 and 37A1, so that the front end portion of the key 11 moves downward. Other operations and effects are the same as in the above embodiment.

  In the above embodiment, the movement of the plunger 31c is monitored by repeatedly executing Step S64 to Step S86 of the key driving program. However, instead of this, every time the position of the plunger 31c reaches the first position P1, the second position P2, and the third position P3, the detection circuit 43 outputs an interrupt signal to the CPU 45a. The plunger position flags PF1 to PF3 may be updated using a signal as a trigger. If comprised in this way, since step S70 can be abbreviate | omitted in execution of step S64-step S86, the load of CPU45a can be reduced.

  The drive circuit 44 may be controlled by a MIDI signal supplied from the external device 52 via the MIDI interface circuit 52 or the communication interface circuit 53. That is, the CPU 45a may be configured to execute a program for storing event data included in the MIDI signal supplied from the external device 52 in the event processing buffer in parallel with the above-described key driving program.

  In the above-described embodiment, the position sensor 40 detects the position of the plunger 31c. Instead, the position sensor 40 may detect the key pressing depth of the key 11. That is, the vertical position of the front end portion or the rear end portion of the key 11 may be detected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Key, 31 ... Solenoid (drive means), 40 ... Position sensor (key press depth detection means), 44 ... Drive circuit (key drive control means), 45 ... Computer part (Automatic performance control means, key drive control means, continuous strike determination means), 48... Tone signal generation means, MSF... MIDI status flag, PF1, PF2, PF3... Plunger position flag, PPWF. Status output flag, PWF ... Output flag, OFF ... Key-off count flag, KDF ... Key drive count flag, ONCT ... Key-on count (first counter), OFCT ... Key-off count, KDCT ...・ Number of key driving (second counter), DIF ... Difference

Claims (4)

A key that is pivotally supported;
Driving means for pressing and releasing the key;
A key pressing depth detecting means for detecting a key pressing depth of the key;
Automatic performance control means for outputting key press information indicating key press and key release information indicating key release according to performance information indicating the performance content of the music;
Key drive control means for controlling the drive means in accordance with the key press information and the key release information input from one or both of the automatic performance control means and the external device, wherein the key drive control means controls the drive means within a predetermined short period of time. A key drive control means for controlling the drive means to repeatedly press the key by switching to the key press operation during the key release operation when the key press information and the key release information are repeatedly input;
In a performance apparatus comprising a musical tone signal generating means for controlling generation of a musical tone signal in accordance with the key depression information and the key release information input from either or both of the automatic performance control means and an external device,
The key driving control means includes
A first counter that counts the number of times of the input key pressing information after the first key pressing of the continuous hitting;
A second counter that counts the number of times the key is depressed after the first key depression of the continuous hitting;
While the key release operation is in progress and the key pressing depth detected by the key pressing depth detection means is within a predetermined range, the count value of the first counter and the second counter A performance device comprising: a continuous hit determining means for determining whether to continue the continuous hit or to end the continuous hit in accordance with a difference from the count value. The performance device according to claim 1,
When the difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter is larger than a predetermined first reference value, the repeated hit determination means continues the continuous hit, and the count value of the first counter and the count value of the first counter The performance apparatus, wherein when the difference from the count value of the second counter is equal to or less than the first reference value, it is determined to end the continuous hitting. The performance device according to claim 2,
The repeated hit determining means is configured to detect a second value larger than the first reference value even if a difference between the count value of the first counter and the count value of the second counter is larger than the first reference value. The performance device is characterized in that when it is larger than the reference value, it is determined that the continuous hitting is ended. The performance device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The repeated hitting determination unit cancels the determination to end the repeated hits after determining to end the repeated hits and when new key pressing information is input before the key release operation ends. A performance device characterized in that it is determined that continuous hitting is continued.

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