JP5767903B2 - Electric vehicle control device - Google Patents

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an electric vehicle control apparatus.

  For example, an electric vehicle such as an electric diesel locomotive travels by rotating a wheel by operating a main motor such as a motor using electric power of a generator driven by a prime mover as a power source.

  In this type of electric vehicle, in addition to a power converter for driving a motor, a power converter for auxiliary power for operating facilities such as interior lighting and safety equipment is mounted and driven by a prime mover. All power is covered by the generator.

  By the way, since each power converter operates as a constant current load, even if the predetermined number of rotations cannot be maintained due to malfunction of the prime mover or the like, an attempt is made to acquire a constant current. For this reason, the prime mover may be overloaded and affect the operating performance.

  In addition, if the overload condition of the prime mover continues, it will eventually be impossible to maintain the operation, it will stop operation, and the power supply to both the main motor and the power converter for auxiliary power will be interrupted, so this situation Must be avoided.

  Thus, although a technique for reducing the load on the power converter by detecting an overload state of the prime mover has been developed, this technique is a mitigation measure against a temporary reduction in the output of the prime mover (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

  Therefore, the increase / decrease in the input current to the power converter is repeated with respect to the problem of a decrease in the output of the prime mover.

JP 2010-146222 A

  However, repeating the increase / decrease in the input current of the power converter for driving the main motor means repeating the increase / decrease in the torque of the main motor by the driving operation, which leads to deterioration in the riding comfort of the vehicle. In addition, if the input current to the power converter for the auxiliary power supply increases or decreases, it affects the operation of equipment such as in-vehicle lighting and security equipment, so this must also be avoided.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle control device capable of securing the power necessary for facilities necessary for vehicle operation while protecting the prime mover when the prime mover malfunctions.

The electric vehicle control device of the embodiment includes a rectification unit , a first power conversion unit, a second power conversion unit, a rotation speed detection unit, and a control unit . The rectification unit converts the first AC power generated by the generator driven by the prime mover into DC power. The first power conversion unit converts the second power conversion unit for converting to the second AC power for driving the electric motor, which is a power source for running the vehicle, from the rectification unit based on the DC power output from the rectification unit. Based on the output DC power, third AC power for operating the equipment mounted on the vehicle is generated. The rotation speed detection unit detects the rotation speed of the prime mover. The control unit compares the rotation number detected by the rotation number detection unit with a preset threshold value, and determines that the detected rotation number is lower than the preset threshold value as a result of the comparison, the second power conversion unit The first power conversion unit is stopped by gradually decreasing the current input to the first power conversion unit to 0 after a predetermined time.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric vehicle control apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a logic circuit diagram which shows an example of the circuit for determining the fall of the rotation speed of the motor | power_engine of 1st Embodiment. The time chart which showed the relationship between the input current and time of the power converter for a main motor drive in 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the circuit which open | releases an open contactor, after the operation | movement of the power converter for a main motor drive in 3rd Embodiment stops.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(Description of configuration)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electric vehicle of this embodiment includes a prime mover 1, a generator (MA) 2, a rotation speed detector (PG) 3, a rectifier 4, a memory 5, a first power converter 6, a second Power converter 7, main motor (MM) 8, auxiliary power circuit 9, and controller 10.

  Among these, the electric system (rotation speed detector (PG) 3, rectifier 4, memory 5, and first power conversion unit) excluding the mechanical system such as the prime mover 1, the generator (MA) 2 and the main motor (MM) 8 6, the second power conversion unit 7, the auxiliary power supply circuit 9, the control device 10 and the like are referred to as an electric vehicle control device.

The main electric motor (MM) 8 is a power source for driving the vehicle. For example, it is a power source for directly running a vehicle such as a railway electric diesel locomotive. The power source that causes the vehicle to travel directly is, for example, a motor that drives the wheel axle.

  The auxiliary power supply circuit 9 serves as a power source for equipment mounted on the vehicle (equipment not directly involved in traveling of the vehicle). The auxiliary power supply circuit 9 is connected to, for example, a vehicle security device, a cooling fan for each on-vehicle device, an interior lighting, a brake air compressor, and the like as facilities not directly related to the traveling of the vehicle.

  The prime mover 1 is, for example, a diesel engine that is driven by fuel. The generator (MA) 2 is driven by the prime mover 1 to generate electricity.

The rotation speed detector (PG) 3 is provided on the rotation shaft of the prime mover 1. Detecting the number of rotation of the engine 1 rotating shaft. Since the rotation axis of the prime mover 1 is the same as that of the normal generator (MA) 2, the number of rotations of the generator (MA) 2 that supplies power to the main motor (MM) 8 and the auxiliary power circuit 9 is detected. Is the same as

The rectifier 4 converts the three-phase alternating current power generated by the generator (MA) 2 into direct current, that is, rectifies it.
In this embodiment, the circuit is branched to the first power converter 6 and the second power converter 7 after the rectifier 4, but the rectifier 4 is connected to the first power converter 6 and the second power converter 7, respectively. It is possible to arrange and branch the circuit to the first power converter 6 and the second power converter 7 after the generator (MA) 2.

  In this case, the first power conversion unit 6 and the second power conversion unit 7 rectify the electric power (AC) generated by the generator (MA) 2 and temporarily convert it into DC, and convert the converted DC power into AC. It will be reconverted.

  In the memory 5, a threshold value for determining a decrease in the rotational speed is set in advance. When the rotational speed of the prime mover 1 during normal operation is set to about 1800 rpm, for example, when it falls below 1500 rpm, the operation is hindered, the threshold value for determining the reduction in rotational speed is about 90% of the rotational speed during normal operation. A value (1620 rpm) is set.

The first power converter 6 converts the power (DC) generated by the generator (MA) 2 into power (AC) for driving the main motor (MM) 8 to the main motor (MM) 8. Supply.
Specifically, the first power converter 6 is used to drive the main motor (MM) 8 with the power of the generator (MA) 2 that is driven by the prime mover 1 connected to the main motor (MM) 8 to generate power. It is converted into electric power and supplied to the main motor (MM) 8.

  The first power converter 6 includes an open contactor 6a, a filter capacitor 6b, a main motor driving power converter 6c, and the like.

  The open contactor 6a prevents the electric power generated by the generator (MA) 2 from being supplied to the main motor drive power converter 6c by an open command (control) from the control device 10. That is, the current path to the power converter 6c for driving the main motor is interrupted.

  The main motor driving power converter 6c is, for example, a DC / AC converter, and converts the power (DC) generated by the generator (MA) 2 and rectified by the rectifier 4 into, for example, a three-phase AC. The main motor (MM) 8 is supplied, the main motor (MM) 8 is driven, and the wheels (not shown) are rotated. The filter capacitor 6 b performs filtering and smoothing on the DC voltage input from the rectifier 4 to the first power converter 6.

  The second power converter 7 converts the power (DC) generated by the generator (MA) 2 into power (AC) for use in equipment connected to the auxiliary power circuit 9 to convert the power to the auxiliary power circuit 9. To supply. Specifically, the electric power of the generator (MA) 2 that is driven by the prime mover 1 connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit 9 to generate electric power is converted into electric power for use in equipment mounted on the vehicle connected to the auxiliary power supply circuit 9. This is converted and supplied to the auxiliary power circuit 9.

  The second power converter 7 includes an open contactor 7a, a filter capacitor 7b, an auxiliary power converter 7c, and the like.

  The open contactor 7a prevents the power generated by the generator (MA) 2 from being supplied to the auxiliary power converter 7c by an open command (control) from the control device 10. That is, the current path to the auxiliary power converter 7c is interrupted.

  The filter capacitor 7 b performs filtering and smoothing on the DC voltage input from the rectifier 4 to the second power converter 7.

  The auxiliary power supply power converter 7c is, for example, a DC / AC converter, and converts an electric power (DC) generated by the generator (MA) 2 and rectified by the rectifier 4 into, for example, a three-phase AC to an auxiliary power circuit. 9 to operate various facilities (vehicle security equipment, cooling fans for on-vehicle equipment, interior lighting, air compressors for brakes, etc.) connected to the equipment.

  When the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed detector (PG) 3 falls below a threshold value preset in the memory 5, the control device 10 stops the operation of the first power conversion unit 6.

  In order to explain in detail below, FIG. 2 which is a logic circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit for determining a decrease in the rotational speed of the prime mover will be used. As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 10 is provided with a comparator 22. The comparator 22 includes a motor speed (PG speed in FIG. 2) 20 that is the speed of the motor 1 detected by the speed detector (PG) 3 and a speed reduction threshold value 21 preset in the memory 5. When the prime mover rotational speed 20 falls below the rotational speed reduction threshold value 21, a stop command 23 is output to the main motor drive power converter 6c. This stop command 23 is output to the main motor drive power converter 6c, and is supplied to the second power converter 7 (auxiliary power converter 7c), the motor 1, the generator 2, and the like). Is not output.

(Description of action)
The operation of the first embodiment will be described.
In the case of this first embodiment, the rotational speed detector (PG) 3 always detects the rotational speed of the prime mover 1 and outputs it to the control device. In the control device 10, the PG rotation from the rotational speed detector (PG) 3. The comparator 22 compares the equation 20 with the rotation speed reduction threshold value 21 set in the memory 5 in advance.

  When the prime mover 1 falls into a malfunction and the rotational speed of the prime mover 1 decreases, the rotational speed 20 of the prime mover falls below the rotational speed reduction threshold 21. In this case, the comparator 22 outputs a stop command 23 to the main motor drive power converter 6c of the first power converter 6, and the main motor drive power converter 6c that has received the stop command 23 operates. Stop.

  Thereby, the load of the prime mover 1 becomes the main generator (MA) 2 and the second power conversion unit 7, and the load on the prime mover 1 is reduced, and the prime mover 1 can be protected. Further, since the power supply to the second power conversion unit 7 is maintained, the power supply to the auxiliary power supply circuit 9 that is the minimum necessary for the operation of the vehicle is ensured (maintained).

(Explanation of effect)
As described above, according to the first embodiment, when a decrease in the rotational speed of the prime mover 1 is detected, the operation of the power converter 6c for driving the main motor is stopped, and the power for the main generator (MA) 2 and the auxiliary power supply are stopped. By continuing the operation of the converter 7c, it is possible to secure the power supply to the auxiliary power supply circuit 9 that is necessary for the operation of the vehicle while protecting the prime mover 1.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input current of the main motor driving power converter 6c and time.

  According to the first embodiment, when the operation of the main motor driving power converter 6c is stopped, when the operation of the main motor driving power converter 6c is stopped so that the current of the main motor 8 becomes zero immediately, The output current of the generator (MA) 2 is suddenly reduced.

  Although the main generator (MA) 2 is controlled to output a constant voltage, the voltage control cannot follow the sudden decrease of the output current, and outputs an overvoltage proportional to the rate of change of the output current.

  Although the protective operation acts on the overvoltage of the main generator (MA) 2, once the protective operation is activated, the operation of the main generator (MA) 2 is stopped, and accordingly, the power converter for auxiliary power supply The operation of 7c is also stopped.

(Description of configuration)
In order to prevent this, in the second embodiment, the control device 10 is configured to operate as follows. That is, when the control device 10 outputs the stop command 23 to the main motor drive power converter 6c, the value of the stop command 23 is gradually decreased and the main motor drive power converter 6c is gradually decreased so that the input current 28 is gradually decreased. To control.

(Description of action)
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, after the stop command 23 is output, the input current 28 is gradually decreased so that the input current becomes 0 for about 100 msec, for example.

(Explanation of effect)
As described above, according to the second embodiment, when the stop command 23 is output to the power converter 6c for driving the main motor, the value of the stop command 23 is gradually decreased so that the input current 28 is gradually decreased. By controlling the drive power converter 6c, the output current of the main generator (MA) 2 gradually decreases. That is, since the rate of change is small, the main generator (MA) 2 does not output an overvoltage, and as a result, the operations of the main generator (MA) 2 and the auxiliary power converter 7c are stably continued. Can be made.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit for opening the open contactor 6a of the main motor driving power converter 6c after the operation of the main motor driving power converter 6c is stopped.

  When the input current 28 of the power converter 6c for driving the main motor is reduced by the operation of the second embodiment, if the open contactor 6a is opened while the input current 28 is being attenuated, the open contactor 6a is in a state where a current flows. The contact is disconnected (the current is cut off). In general, when an open contactor cuts off an electric current instantaneously, a spark is generated at a contact portion, and the contact is oxidized due to this influence, and its life is shortened.

(Description of configuration)
Therefore, in the third embodiment, the control device 10 is configured to operate as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the control device 10 includes a time element 26 and a delay signal generator 25. The time element 26 is a delay time stored in the memory 5, for example.

  The delay signal generator 25 receives a stop command 23 to the power converter 6c for driving the main motor. When the stop command 23 is input, the delay signal generator 25 delays the delay time stored in the memory 5 and outputs an open command 27 to the open contactor 6a.

  That is, after the operation of the first power conversion unit 6 stops, the delay signal generator 25 opens the open contactor 6a included in the first power conversion unit 6 so that the first power conversion unit 6 (main motor) is opened. The power supply to the drive power converter 6c) is stopped.

(Description of action)
In the case of this third embodiment, as a condition of the opening command 27 of the open contactor 6a, the input current 29 is attenuated, the operation of the power converter 6c for driving the main motor is stopped, and only for a predetermined time 26. After the elapse, the controller 10 outputs an opening command 27 to the opening contactor 6a of the first power conversion unit 6. The open contactor 6a that has received this open command 27 opens the circuit (turns the contact off). At this time, since the current from the rectifier 4 to the power converter 6c for driving the main motor does not flow, the circuit is opened safely without any sparks flying at the contact of the open contactor 6a.

  The predetermined time element 26 is, for example, about 500 msec. This delay time is much shorter than the response time of the operation of the prime mover 1 and the main generator (MA) 2 and does not affect these devices.

(Explanation of effect)
As described above, according to the third embodiment, the operation of the main motor driving power converter 6c is stopped, and after the predetermined time element 26 has elapsed, the controller 10 opens the contactor 6a. By outputting the command 27, the open contactor 6a does not block the current flowing through the circuit, and the life of the open contactor 6a can be extended.

  That is, according to each embodiment mentioned above, when the motor | power_engine 1 falls into a malfunction, it becomes possible to ensure the electric power to the auxiliary | assistant power supply circuit 9 minimum required for driving | running | working of a vehicle, protecting the motor | power_engine 1 now.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  Further, each component shown in the above embodiment may be realized by a program installed in a storage such as a hard disk device of a computer, and the above program is stored in a computer-readable electronic medium: electronic media, The computer may realize the functions of the present invention by causing a computer to read a program from an electronic medium. Examples of the electronic medium include a recording medium such as a CD-ROM, a flash memory, a removable medium, and the like. Further, the configuration may be realized by distributing and storing components in different computers connected via a network, and communicating between computers in which the components are functioning.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... prime mover, 2 ... generator, 4 ... rectifier, 5 ... memory, 6 ... 1st power converter, 6a, 7a ... open contactor, 6b, 7b ... filter capacitor, 6c ... power converter for driving main motor , 7 ... second power conversion unit, 7c ... power converter for auxiliary power supply, 8 ... main motor, 9 ... auxiliary power circuit, 10 ... control device, 22 ... comparator, 25 ... delay signal generator.

Claims (3)

A rectifier that converts first AC power generated by a generator driven by a prime mover into DC power;
A first power conversion unit for converting into second AC power for driving an electric motor, which is a power source for running the vehicle, based on DC power output from the rectifying unit;
A second power converter that generates third AC power for operating the equipment mounted on the vehicle based on the DC power output from the rectifier;
A rotational speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the prime mover;
The rotation number detected by the rotation number detection unit is compared with a preset threshold value. As a result of the comparison, if it is determined that the detected rotation number is lower than the preset threshold value, the second power conversion unit A control unit that maintains operation and gradually reduces the current input to the first power conversion unit to 0 after a predetermined time to stop the first power conversion unit;
An electric vehicle control device comprising: The controller is
2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein when the first power conversion unit is stopped, control is performed so as to open a contactor provided corresponding to the first power conversion unit. Control device. The electric vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein the first power conversion unit and the second power conversion unit are connected in parallel to the rectification unit .

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