JP5738151B2 - Electronics - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic device.

  The touch panel has many advantages such as a high degree of freedom in key layout and an intuitive operation. For this reason, in recent years, electronic devices (touch panel type electronic devices) on which touch panels are mounted are rapidly increasing. Examples of the touch panel electronic device include a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a mobile phone terminal, a portable music player, and a game machine.

  Some touch panel game machines execute processing in the game when a user touches a key displayed on the game machine. For example, in a soccer game, when a user touches a key displayed on a touch panel, a player on the game moves or a ball operation such as a pass, a shoot, or a trap is executed in response to the touched key. Or Specifically, when there is a touch on a ball key of a touch panel game machine, a player on the game performs an action of kicking the ball. In order to realize such a function, the game machine is provided with a contact detection unit for detecting whether or not the user has touched the touch panel.

  In addition, in order to realize diversification of operation methods, conventionally, it has been proposed that touch-panel electronic devices include a load detection unit as well as a contact detection unit (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the electronic device (car navigation device) of Patent Document 1, when the user selects the prefecture name of the location of the facility as the destination, the user increases the pressing load while touching the touch panel. Then, the prefecture name is scroll-displayed according to the pressing load detected by the load detection unit. That is, the user can select a desired prefecture name by adjusting the pressing load.

JP 2006-39745 A

  When a conventional touch panel game machine includes a load detection unit, for example, it is assumed that the following operations are possible. When there is contact with the ball key of the touch panel type game machine and the pressing load on the touch panel exceeds a predetermined load threshold, the player on the game kicks the ball and the pressing load on the touch panel is less than the predetermined load threshold. In the case of, the players on the game will be missed.

  However, although the range of operability is widened by the load detection unit, regardless of the situation of the ball, if the user presses the touch panel with a pressing load equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold, the player on the game kicks the ball become. However, in actual soccer, how to kick a ball changes depending on the situation of the ball. For example, the force required to kick back varies depending on whether the ball that is stopped is kicked or the ball that is approaching the player is kicked.

  In addition, when trapping a pass from another player with his / her foot, the strength of the receiving force when trapping varies depending on the speed of the ball to be received. Further, when a player follows the ball, the farther the ball is, the greater the burden on the player.

  Therefore, if it is possible to make a player on a game perform a certain action (kicking, trapping, etc.) with the same operation regardless of the game situation, it is difficult to obtain an actual operation feeling. Therefore, there is a problem that the feeling (realism) of actually playing soccer in the game is offended.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention, which has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, is to provide an electronic device that can give a user a sense of realism.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of the electronic device according to the first aspect is as follows:
A display for displaying objects;
A contact detector for detecting contact by a contact object;
A load detection unit for detecting a pressing load on the contact detection unit;
When the contact detection unit detects contact at a position corresponding to the object displayed on the display unit, and the pressing load detected by the load detection unit satisfies a predetermined load standard, the predetermined detection for the object is performed. And a control unit that performs the processing of
The control unit is an electronic device that detects a speed of an object displayed on the display unit and sets the predetermined load reference based on information on the detected object.

The invention of the electronic device according to the second aspect is as follows:
A display unit for displaying a plurality of objects;
A contact detector for detecting contact by a contact object;
A load detection unit for detecting a pressing load on the contact detection unit;
When the contact detection unit detects contact at a position corresponding to the object displayed on the display unit, and the pressing load detected by the load detection unit satisfies a predetermined load standard, the predetermined detection for the object is performed. And a control unit that performs the processing of
The said control part is an electronic device characterized by detecting the relative speed of the several object currently displayed on the said display part, and setting the said predetermined load reference | standard based on the detected relative speed.

  According to the electronic apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above, since the load reference is set based on the detected object information, it is possible to give the user a sense of realism.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing performed by the electronic device of FIG. FIG. 3 is a display screen example of the display unit of FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing processing performed by the electronic apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing processing performed by the electronic apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing processing performed by the electronic apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Examples of the electronic device 101 of the present invention include a game machine, a personal computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a mobile phone terminal, a mobile music player, and the like. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the electronic device 101 is a game machine that allows a user to experience a soccer game. The electronic apparatus 101 includes a touch panel 102 including a display unit 103 and a contact detection unit 104, a storage unit 105, a load detection unit 106, a tactile sensation providing unit 107, a sound output unit 108, and a control unit 109.

  The control unit 109 is connected to the touch panel 102, the storage unit 105, the load detection unit 106, the tactile sensation providing unit 107, and the audio output unit 108, respectively.

  The display unit 103 displays images (hereinafter referred to as “objects”) such as operation keys, buttons, players, and balls, and is configured using, for example, a liquid crystal display panel or an organic EL display panel.

  The contact detection unit 104 detects contact with a user's finger, stylus pen or the like (contact object), and is configured by a known method such as a resistance film method, a capacitance method, or an optical method. When the contact detection unit 104 detects a contact, the contact detection unit 104 outputs contact position information regarding the contact position to the control unit 109. Note that it is not essential for the contact object to physically contact the contact detection unit 104 for the contact detection unit 104 to detect contact. For example, when the contact detection unit 104 is an optical type, the contact detection unit 104 detects a position where infrared rays on the contact detection unit 104 are blocked by a finger, a stylus pen, or the like. It is not necessary to touch.

  The storage unit 105 can be configured by a memory according to a known technique, and stores various information related to contact (for example, contact position information), a predetermined load reference described later, and the like, and also makes the work memory and the electronic device 101 function. It also functions as a program storage memory.

  The load detection unit 106 detects a pressing load on the contact detection unit 104, and is configured using an element such as a strain gauge sensor or a piezoelectric element, for example.

  The tactile sensation providing unit 107 vibrates the contact detection unit 104 and presents a tactile sensation to a user's finger or stylus pen (contact object) in contact with the contact detection unit 104. For example, a vibration element such as a piezoelectric element It is configured using. The tactile sensation to be presented may be any vibration, and the frequency, period (wavelength), amplitude, and waveform can be appropriately set according to the tactile sensation to be presented.

  In addition, the tactile sensation providing unit 107 can present not only vibrations but also a hard and hard tactile sensation (real click feeling) that can be felt when a mechanical key is pressed. By setting conditions for presenting tactile sensation (for example, the pressing load exceeds 1 N [Newton]), the user's sense of pressure is stimulated until this condition is satisfied. The detection unit 104 can be vibrated to stimulate the user's sense of touch. In this way, by stimulating the user's pressure and tactile sensation, it is possible to present the user with a hard and hard feel. The contact detection unit 104 itself does not physically displace like a mechanical key even when touched. However, when the user operates the mechanical key by presenting the touch as described above to the contact object You can get the same realistic click feeling. As a result, the user can perform an input operation to the contact detection unit 104, which originally does not have feedback due to contact, without a sense of incongruity. A clicked hard tactile sensation can be realized by, for example, presenting a sine wave of 140 Hz to 500 Hz for one period or a rectangular wave for one period.

  In addition, when the load detection part 106 and the tactile sensation presentation part 107 are comprised using a piezoelectric element, the load detection part 106 and the tactile sensation presentation part 107 can be comprised sharing a piezoelectric element. This is because the piezoelectric element generates electric power (voltage) when pressure is applied and deforms when electric power (voltage) is applied. The tactile sensation providing unit 107 may be configured to vibrate the contact detection unit 104 indirectly by vibrating the electronic device 101 based on a vibration motor (eccentric motor) or the like. The contact detection unit 104 may be directly vibrated by disposing a piezoelectric element.

  The voice output unit 108 outputs a voice relay or music corresponding to the game situation under the control of the control unit 109, and is, for example, a speaker.

  The control unit 109 controls and manages the entire electronic device 101 including each functional block of the electronic device 101. Here, the control unit 109 is configured as software executed on any suitable processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or a dedicated processor specialized for each process (for example, DSP (Digital Signal Processor)). Can be configured. The processing performed by the control unit 109 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  Next, a method for displaying the ball behavior by the electronic device 101 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing performed by the electronic device of FIG. FIG. 3 is a display screen example of the display unit of FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold according to the first embodiment.

  The display unit 103 includes a main display unit 111 and a key display unit 113 as shown in FIG. The main display unit 111 shows a state of a soccer game match. In FIG. 3, the control unit 109 causes the main display unit 111 to display a player 115 that issues a pass, a player 117 that is about to receive the pass, and a ball 119. The key display unit 113 displays keys, buttons, and the like used for operating objects (players, balls, etc.) appearing in a soccer game match. In FIG. 3, the control unit 109 causes the key display unit 113 to display a ball button 121 corresponding to the ball 119 and used for causing the player 117 to operate the ball. In the present embodiment, the ball button 121 is used for the player 117 to trap the ball 119.

  In this embodiment, as the behavior of the ball when the player 117 receives the pass, the player 117 does not receive the pass, so that the ball 119 passes the player 117 and the ball 119 stops at the foot of the player 117. Suppose that there are three types: the ball is repelled and stopped at a distance from the player 117. Hereinafter, the behavior of the three types of balls is defined as a predetermined ball behavior. Note that the present invention is not limited to the three types of behavior of the predetermined ball, and may include, for example, that the player 117 is shot.

  First, it is assumed that the player 115 gives a pass. Then, the control unit 109 calculates the speed of the ball from the trajectory information of the ball 119 that rolls in the main display unit 111 (step S101). The speed of the ball 119 calculated from the trajectory information is, for example, the speed of the ball 119 at the moment when the player 115 kicks the ball 119 or the average speed of the ball 119 moved within a predetermined time.

  Then, the control unit 109 sets a predetermined load standard corresponding to a predetermined ball behavior based on the speed of the ball 119 (step S102). Satisfying a predetermined load standard means that, for example, the pressing load on the contact detection unit 104 is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold, the pressing load on the contact detection unit 104 exceeds a predetermined load threshold, or the contact detection unit 104. For example, the pressing load against the load is equal to or greater than the load threshold value for a certain time. In the present embodiment, satisfying a predetermined load standard means that the pressing load is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold.

  In the present embodiment, since there are three types of predetermined ball behavior, the control unit 109 sets two load threshold values A and B (B> A) as the predetermined load threshold values. In real football, it is assumed that the ball is repelled the more the player traps with strong force. Therefore, the control unit 109 causes the load threshold A to correspond to the ball 119 stopping at the foot of the player 117, and associates the load threshold B to the ball 119 stopping when the ball 119 leaves the player 117. That is, if the pressing load on the ball button 121 is less than the load threshold A, the player 117 does not trap the ball 119 and the ball 119 passes through the player 117. Further, when the pressing load on the ball button 121 is not less than the load threshold A and less than the load threshold B, the ball 119 stops at the foot of the player 117. Further, when the pressing load on the ball button 121 is equal to or greater than the load threshold B, the ball 119 stops at a position away from the player 117. Note that the number of predetermined load thresholds can be one or more depending on the number of predetermined ball behaviors.

  Further, the control unit 109 changes a predetermined load reference according to the speed of the ball 119. That is, the control unit 109 changes the predetermined load threshold. In real soccer, the faster the ball, the more likely it will be repelled even if the player traps with the same force. Therefore, the control unit 109 decreases the values of the load threshold A and the load threshold B as the speed of the ball 119 increases. Thus, when the speed of the ball 119 is high, the player 117 repels the ball even if the pressing load on the ball button 121 is small.

  Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the control unit 109 provides a speed threshold value ST and compares the speed calculated in step S101 to determine whether or not the ball 119 is fast. When the speed of the ball 119 is equal to or higher than the speed threshold ST, the control unit 109 sets the value of the load threshold A to A1 and sets the value of the load threshold B to B1. When the speed of the ball 119 is less than the speed threshold ST, the control unit 109 sets the value of the load threshold A to A2 (B1> A2> A1) and sets the value of the load threshold B to B2 (B2> B1). And That is, the load threshold is as shown in FIG. The control unit 109 stores the set load standard in the storage unit 105. In the present invention, the determination of the speed of the ball 119 is not limited to the one realized by one speed threshold ST, and for example, the load threshold A and the load threshold B according to the speed of the ball 119 are used. The value of can also be changed continuously.

  Subsequently, the user presses the ball button 121 corresponding to the ball (object) 119 before the ball 119 reaches the player 117 in order to cause the player 117 to receive a pass (trap the ball 119). . Then, the contact detection unit 104 detects a finger contact with the ball button 121 (step S103), and outputs contact position information to the control unit 109. Based on the contact position information, the control unit 109 specifies that the place where the finger touches is the ball button 121. In the present invention, the position corresponding to the ball (object) is not limited to the position of the button or key corresponding to the object, but the object itself (ball 119) displayed on the main display unit 111. It may be the position.

  Then, the load detection unit 106 starts to detect the pressing load on the contact detection unit 104 from the time when the finger physically contacts the contact detection unit 104 (time t1 in FIG. 4) (step S104).

  When the ball 119 reaches the player 117 at time t2 in FIG. 4, the control unit 109 determines whether or not the pressing load at that time satisfies the load standard stored in the storage unit 105 (step S105). Note that the ball 119 reaching the player 117 is not strictly limited to the ball 119 overlapping the position of the player 117. For example, the ball 119 enters a range in which the player 117 can perform the ball operation. It can also mean that. The range in which the player 117 can perform the ball operation is a matter that can be appropriately set according to the game.

  Then, as a predetermined process, the control unit 109 displays a corresponding predetermined ball behavior on the main display unit 111 according to the pressing load (step S106). It is assumed that the pressing load when the ball 119 reaches the player 117 is not less than the load threshold A2 (B1) and less than the load threshold B2, as shown in FIG.

  When the speed of the ball 119 is equal to or higher than the speed threshold value ST, the pressing load is equal to or higher than the threshold value B1, so the control unit 109 performs a predetermined process of the ball behavior that stops the ball 119 away from the player 117. It is displayed on the display unit 111 (step S106).

  When the speed of the ball 119 is less than the speed threshold ST, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold A2 and less than the load threshold B2. The behavior is displayed on the main display unit 111 (step S106). Therefore, even if the ball button 121 is pressed with the same pressing load based on the speed of the ball 119, the behavior of the ball 119 is different.

  In the present invention, the pressing load to be compared with the load reference is not limited to the pressing load when the ball 119 reaches the player 117. For example, when the ball button 121 is pressed when the ball 119 reaches the player 117, the control unit 109 compares the pressing load after a predetermined time from the time when the ball 119 arrives at the player 117 with the load standard. Can do.

  In step S104, the control unit 109 can control the tactile sensation providing unit 107 so that a tactile sensation corresponding to the load threshold is presented to the user's finger every time the pressing load becomes equal to or greater than the load threshold. The user can determine whether or not the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold based on the presented tactile sensation, and can cause the player 117 to perform a desired ball operation.

  Further, in step S106, the control unit 109 can control the sound output unit 108 so as to output a sound corresponding to the displayed ball behavior. The user can recognize the ball behavior not only from the image but also from the sound.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 109 detects the speed of the ball 119 displayed on the main display unit 111 and sets a predetermined load reference based on the detected information (speed) of the ball 119. Set. Thus, the user is required to adjust the pressing load on the ball button 121 according to the speed of the ball 119 even when the player 117 performs the same ball operation. In other words, the user needs to perform different operations depending on the situation of the ball 119, as in an actual soccer game, so that a sense of reality can be obtained.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the case where the predetermined load reference is set based on the speed of the ball has been described. In the second embodiment, the case where the predetermined load reference is set based on the position and the speed will be described. In addition, the component of the electronic device 201 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is the same as the component of the electronic device 101 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, The touchscreen 202 provided with the display part 203 and the contact detection part 204, and the memory | storage part 205 A load detecting unit 206, a tactile sensation providing unit 207, an audio output unit 208, and a control unit 209. Since the functional units 202 to 208 other than the control unit 209 have the same functions as the functional units 102 to 108 of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  Processing performed by the control unit 209 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed by the electronic apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold according to the second embodiment.

  As in the first embodiment, the display unit 203 includes a main display unit 211 and a key display unit 213 as shown in FIG. The main display unit 211 shows a state of a soccer game match. In FIG. 6, the control unit 209 causes the main display unit 211 to display a player 215 kicking up the ball 219 and a player 217 trying to head the ball 219. It is assumed that the ball 219 moves from the position 219a to the position 219b. The position 219a represents the position of the ball 219 at the moment of being kicked up by the player 215, and the position 219b represents the position of the ball 219 that has moved over the head of the player 217.

  The key display unit 213 displays keys, buttons, and the like used to operate objects (players, balls, etc.) appearing in a soccer game match. In FIG. 6, the control unit 209 causes the key display unit 213 to display a ball button 221 corresponding to the ball 219 and used for causing the player 217 to operate the ball. In the present embodiment, the ball button 221 is used for jumping to the player 217 and heading.

  In this embodiment, as the behavior of the ball when the player 217 heads, the player 217 does not reach the ball 219 but passes over the player 217, the player 217 heads the edge of the ball 219, and the ball 219 It is assumed that there are three types: flying near the player 217, and heading the center of the ball 219, and the ball 219 flying far away from the player 217. Hereinafter, the behavior of the three types of balls is defined as a predetermined ball behavior. Note that the present invention is not limited to three types of behavior of a predetermined ball.

  First, it is assumed that the player 215 kicks the ball 219 and the ball 219 flies from the position 219a to the position 219b. Then, the control unit 209 calculates a distance d1 between the position 219b and the top of the head of the player 217 from the position 219b of the ball 219 and the top of the head of the player 217 (step S201). The present invention is not limited to the distance d1 being the distance between the position 219b and the top of the head of the player 217. For example, the ball 219 that has flew within the heading possible range of the player 217 It may be the shortest distance from the player 217's head. The possible heading range of the player 217 is a matter that can be appropriately set according to the game.

  Then, the control unit 209 sets a predetermined load reference corresponding to a predetermined ball behavior based on the calculated distance (step S202). Satisfying a predetermined load standard means that, for example, the pressing load on the contact detection unit 204 is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold, the pressing load on the contact detection unit 204 exceeds a predetermined load threshold, or the contact detection unit 204. For example, the pressing load against the load is equal to or greater than the load threshold value for a certain time. In the present embodiment, satisfying a predetermined load standard means that the pressing load is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold.

  In this embodiment, since there are three types of predetermined ball behavior, the control unit 209 sets two load threshold values C and D (D> C) as the predetermined load threshold values. In actual soccer, it is assumed that the player needs more accuracy and a greater load when heading the center than the edge of the ball. Therefore, the control unit 209 causes the load threshold C to correspond to the player 217 heading the edge of the ball, the ball 219 flying close to the player 217, the player 217 heading the center of the ball, and the ball 219 playing the player 217. The load threshold D is made to correspond to flying far away. That is, if the pressing load on the ball button 221 is less than the load threshold C, the player 217 does not reach the ball 219 and the ball 219 passes through the player 217. If the pressure load on the ball button 221 is equal to or greater than the load threshold C and less than the load threshold D, the ball 219 flies near the player 217 by heading. Furthermore, when the pressing load on the ball button 221 is equal to or greater than the load threshold D, the ball 219 flies far away from the player 217. Note that the number of predetermined load thresholds can be one or more depending on the number of predetermined ball behaviors.

  Further, the control unit 209 changes the predetermined load reference according to the distance d1 between the ball 219 and the top of the head of the player 217. That is, the control unit 209 changes the predetermined load threshold. In actual soccer, it is assumed that the longer the distance between the ball and the top of the player's head, the more the player is required to jump. In other words, the longer the distance, the greater the load on the player. Therefore, the control unit 209 increases the values of the load threshold C and the load threshold D as the distance d1 is longer. Thus, when the distance d1 is long, a large pressing load on the ball button 221 is required to fly the ball 219 far away by heading.

  Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the control unit 209 provides a distance threshold value DT, and compares the distance calculated in step S201 to determine whether the distance d1 is long. Then, when the distance d1 is less than the distance threshold DT, the control unit 209 sets the value of the load threshold C to C1, and sets the value of the load threshold D to D1. Further, when the distance d1 is equal to or greater than the distance threshold DT, the control unit 209 sets the value of the load threshold C to C2 (D1> C2> C1) and sets the value of the load threshold D to D2 (D2> D1). That is, the load threshold is as shown in FIG. The control unit 209 causes the storage unit 205 to store the set load standard. The present invention is not limited to the determination of the length of the distance d1 by one distance threshold value DT. For example, the load threshold value C and the load threshold value D are determined according to the length of the distance d1. The value can be changed continuously.

  Subsequently, when the ball 219 is positioned at the position 219b, the user presses the ball button 221 that is a position corresponding to the ball (object) 219 in order to cause the player 217 to head. Then, the contact detection unit 204 detects a finger contact with the ball button 221 (step S203), and outputs contact position information to the control unit 209. Based on the contact position information, the control unit 209 specifies that the place where the finger touches is the ball button 221. In the present invention, the position corresponding to the ball (object) is not limited to the position of the button or key corresponding to the object, but the object itself displayed on the main display unit 211 (ball 219). It may be the position. The timing at which the user presses the ball button 221 is not limited to the time when the ball 219 is positioned at the position 219b. It may be within the time interval.

  Then, the load detection unit 206 starts to detect the pressing load on the contact detection unit 204 from the time when the finger physically contacts the contact detection unit 204 (time t3 in FIG. 7) (step S204).

  The control unit 209 determines whether or not the pressing load satisfies the load standard stored in the storage unit 205 at time t4 after a predetermined time has elapsed from time t3 (step S205). Thereafter, as a predetermined process, the control unit 209 displays a corresponding predetermined ball behavior on the main display unit 211 in accordance with the pressing load (step S206). It is assumed that the pressing load at time t4 is not less than the load threshold C2 (D1) and less than the load threshold D2, as shown in FIG.

  When the distance d1 is less than the distance threshold value DT, the pressing load is greater than or equal to the threshold value D1. It is displayed (step S206).

  When the distance d1 is equal to or greater than the distance threshold value DT, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold value C2 and less than the load threshold value D2. It is displayed (step S206). Therefore, even if the ball button 221 is pressed with the same pressing load based on the distance d1, the behavior of the ball 219 is different.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the position of the ball 219 for calculating the distance d1 being the position 219a when the ball 219 actually moves. For example, the control unit 209 detects the speed of the ball 219 at the position 219a (concept including speed and direction), obtains the trajectory of the ball 219 from the speed, and the ball 219 is positioned above the player 217. Coordinates can be obtained. Thus, the control unit 209 can calculate the distance d1 in advance before the ball moves to the position 219b and set the load reference. Therefore, the user starts pressing before the time point when the ball 219 is positioned at the position 219b, and the control unit 209 can compare the pressing load when the ball 219 is positioned at the position 219b with the load reference. . In this case, the load reference is set based on the speed of the ball 219 (object).

  In step S204, the control unit 209 can control the tactile sensation providing unit 207 so that a tactile sensation corresponding to the load threshold is presented to the user's finger every time the pressing load becomes equal to or greater than the load threshold. The user can determine whether or not the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold based on the tactile sensation presented, and can cause the player 217 to perform a desired ball operation.

  Further, in step S206, the control unit 209 can control the sound output unit 208 so as to output a sound corresponding to the displayed ball behavior. The user can recognize the ball behavior not only from the image but also from the sound.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the control unit 209 detects the position of the ball 219 and the position of the head of the player 217 displayed on the main display unit 211, and information on the detected ball 219 and the player 217 ( A predetermined load standard is set based on the position). Thus, even when the user performs the same ball operation on the player 217, the user is required to adjust the pressing load on the ball button 221 in accordance with the ball 219, the player 217, and the position. In other words, the user needs to perform different operations depending on the situation of the ball 219 and the player 217 as in an actual soccer game, so that a sense of reality can be obtained.

(Third embodiment)
In the second embodiment, the case where the predetermined load reference is set based on the position or speed of the ball has been described. In the third embodiment, the case where the predetermined load reference is set based on the relative speed of a plurality of objects. Will be described. In addition, the component of the electronic device 301 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is the same as the component of the electronic device 201 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, the touchscreen 302 provided with the display part 303 and the contact detection part 304, and the memory | storage part 305. A load detecting unit 306, a tactile sensation providing unit 307, an audio output unit 308, and a control unit 309. Since the functional units 302 to 308 other than the control unit 309 have the same functions as the functional units 202 to 208 of the second embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  Processing performed by the control unit 309 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed by the electronic device according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the third embodiment.

  Similar to the second embodiment, the display unit 303 includes a main display unit 311 and a key display unit 313 as shown in FIG. The main display unit 311 shows a state of a soccer game match. In FIG. 9, the control unit 309 displays on the main display unit 311 a player 315 who kicks the ball 319 and a player 317 who drives the ball 319 and tries to head. The player 317 moves from the position 317a to the position 317b. The position 317a represents the position of the player 317 at the moment when the ball 319 is kicked up by the player 315, and the position 317b represents the position of the player 317 that has moved to a place where the ball 319 is located above the head. Further, it is assumed that the ball 319 moves from the position 319a to the position 319b. The position 319a represents the position of the ball 319 at the moment of being kicked up by the player 315, and the position 319b represents the position of the ball 319 that has moved over the head of the player 317.

  The key display unit 313 displays keys, buttons, and the like used to operate objects (players, balls, etc.) appearing in a soccer game match. In FIG. 9, the control unit 309 displays a ball button 321 corresponding to the ball 319 and used for causing the player 317 to operate the ball 319 on the key display unit 313. In this embodiment, the ball button 321 is used for jumping to the player 317 and heading. In addition, the control unit 309 causes the key display unit 313 to display a movement key (cross button) 323 for moving the player 317. When the contact with the movement key 323 is detected, the control unit 309 moves the player 317 at a constant speed in the contacted direction among all the directions of the movement key 323.

  In this embodiment, as the behavior of the ball when the player 317 heads, the player 317 does not reach the ball 319 but passes over the player 317, the player 317 heads the edge of the ball 319, and the ball 319 It is assumed that there are three types: flying near the player 317, heading the player 317 at the center of the ball 319, and ball 319 flying far away from the player 317. Hereinafter, the behavior of the three types of balls is defined as a predetermined ball behavior. Note that the present invention is not limited to three types of behavior of a predetermined ball.

  First, when the player 315 kicks the ball 319, the user presses the movement key 323 that is a position corresponding to the player 317 (object) in order to move the player 317 in the direction in which the ball 319 moves. Then, the contact detection unit 304 detects a finger contact with the movement key 323 (step S301), and outputs contact position information to the control unit 309. The control unit 309 specifies from the contact position information that the place where the finger touches is the movement key 323. In the present invention, the position corresponding to the player 317 (object) is not limited to the position of the button or key corresponding to the object, but the object itself (player 317) displayed on the main display unit 311. ) Position. In this case, for example, when the user performs a flick (drag) in a state in which the user is in contact with the player 317 on the main display unit 311, the main display unit 311 can be displayed.

  Then, the control unit 309 assumes that the player 317 moves from 317a without changing the direction, and the ball 319 is positioned above the player 317 from the speed of the ball 319 at the position 319a and the speed of the player 317. The position 317b of the player 317 and the position 319b of the ball 319 are estimated. That is, the control unit 309 estimates the position at which the player 317 heads the ball 319 from the relative speed between the player 317 and the ball 319 (step S302).

  Then, the control unit 309 calculates a distance d2 between the top of the head of the player 317 at the position 317b and the position 319b of the ball 319 from the estimated position 317b and position 319b (step S303). The present invention is not limited to the distance d2 being the distance between the top of the head of the player 317 and the position 319b. For example, the ball 319 and the player positioned within the heading possible range of the player 317 It may be the shortest distance from the head of 317. The possible heading range of the player 317 is a matter that can be appropriately set according to the game.

  Then, the control unit 309 sets a predetermined load standard corresponding to a predetermined ball behavior based on the calculated distance (step S304). Then, the control unit 309 causes the storage unit 305 to store the set load standard. The details of step S304 are the same as step S202 in the second embodiment. When the distance d2 is less than the distance threshold DT, the control unit 309 determines the value of the load threshold C at which the ball 319 flies near the player 317 as C1. And D1 is the value of the load threshold D at which the ball 319 flies far away from the player 317. Further, when the distance d2 is greater than or equal to the distance threshold DT, the control unit 309 sets the value of the load threshold C to C2 (D1> C2> C1) and sets the value of the load threshold D to D2 (D2> D1). That is, the load threshold is as shown in FIG.

  Subsequently, the user presses the ball button 321 corresponding to the ball (object) before the ball 319 is positioned at the position 319b in order to cause the player 317 to head. Then, the contact detection unit 304 detects a finger contact with the ball button 321 (step S305), and outputs contact position information to the control unit 309. The control unit 309 specifies from the contact position information that the place where the finger touches is the ball button 321. In the present invention, the position corresponding to the ball (object) is not limited to the position of the button or key corresponding to the object, but the object itself displayed on the main display unit 311 (ball 319). It may be the position.

  Then, the load detection unit 306 starts to detect the pressing load on the contact detection unit 304 from the time when the finger physically contacts the contact detection unit 304 (step S306).

  The control unit 309 determines whether or not the pressing load when the ball 319 is positioned above the player 317 satisfies the load standard stored in the storage unit 305 (step S307). Thereafter, the control unit 309 displays a corresponding predetermined ball behavior on the main display unit 311 according to the pressing load as a predetermined process (step S308). It is assumed that the pressing load when the ball 319 is positioned above the player 317 is greater than or equal to the load threshold C2 (D1) and less than the load threshold D2.

  When the distance d2 is less than the distance threshold value DT, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the threshold value D1, and therefore the control unit 309 displays a ball behavior in which the ball 319 flies away from the player 317 by heading on the main display unit 311 It is displayed (step S308).

  When the distance d2 is equal to or greater than the distance threshold value DT, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold value C2 and less than the load threshold value D2. It is displayed (step S308). Therefore, even if the ball button 321 is pressed with the same pressing load based on the distance d2 obtained from the relative speed between the player 317 and the ball 319, the behavior of the ball 319 is different.

  In the present invention, the pressing load to be compared with the load reference is not limited to the pressing load when the ball 319 reaches the player 317. For example, when the ball button 321 is pressed when the ball 319 reaches the player 317, the control unit 309 compares the pressing load after a predetermined time has elapsed from when the ball 319 reaches the player 317 with the load reference. Can do.

  In step S306, the control unit 309 can control the tactile sensation providing unit 307 so that a tactile sensation corresponding to the load threshold is presented to the user's finger every time the pressing load becomes equal to or greater than the load threshold. The user can determine whether or not the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold based on the presented tactile sensation, and can cause the player 317 to perform a desired ball operation.

  Further, in step S308, the control unit 309 can control the sound output unit 308 so as to output sound corresponding to the ball behavior to be displayed. The user can recognize the ball behavior not only from the image but also from the sound.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the control unit 309 detects the relative speed between the speed of the ball 319 and the speed of the player 317 displayed on the main display unit 311, and the detected ball 319 and the player 317 are detected. A predetermined load standard is set based on the information (relative speed). Thus, even when the user performs the same ball operation on the player 317, the user is required to adjust the pressing load on the ball button 321 according to the relative speed between the ball 319 and the player 317. That is, the user needs to perform different operations depending on the situation of the ball 319 and the player 317 as in an actual soccer game, so that a sense of reality can be obtained.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the third embodiment, the case where a predetermined load reference is set based on the relative velocity of the ball has been described. In the fourth embodiment, the ball behavior is determined based on the contact timing and the pressing load to the position corresponding to the object. A case where the values are different will be described. In addition, the component of the electronic device 401 which concerns on 4th Embodiment is the same as the component of the electronic device 301 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, the touchscreen 402 provided with the display part 403 and the contact detection part 404, and the memory | storage part 405. A load detection unit 406, a tactile sensation presentation unit 407, an audio output unit 408, and a control unit 409. Since the functional units 402 to 408 other than the control unit 409 have the same functions as the functional units 302 to 308 of the third embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  Processing performed by the control unit 409 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10, 11, and 12. FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed by the electronic device according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a display screen example of the display unit according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the pressing load and the load threshold according to the fourth embodiment.

  Similar to the third embodiment, the display unit 403 includes a main display unit 411 and a key display unit 413 as shown in FIG. The main display unit 411 shows a state of a soccer game match. In FIG. 11, the control unit 409 causes the main display unit 411 to display a player 415 that makes a pass, a player 417 that wants to receive the pass, and a ball 419. The key display unit 413 displays keys, buttons, and the like used to operate objects (players, balls, etc.) appearing in a soccer game match. In FIG. 11, the control unit 409 causes the key display unit 413 to display a ball button 421 corresponding to the ball 419 and used to cause the player 417 to operate the ball.

  In this embodiment, as the behavior of the ball when the player 417 receives a pass, the player 417 does not receive the pass, so that the ball 419 passes the player 417 and the ball 419 is trapped by the player 417 and stops at the foot. There are three types, that is, a direct shot by the player 417. Hereinafter, the behavior of the three types of balls is defined as a predetermined ball behavior. Note that the present invention is not limited to three types of behavior of a predetermined ball.

  First, it is assumed that the player 415 gives a pass. Then, the control unit 409 calculates the speed of the ball 419 from the trajectory information of the ball 419 rolling in the main display unit 411 (step S401). The speed of the ball 419 calculated from the trajectory information is, for example, the speed of the ball 419 at the moment when the player 415 kicks the ball 419 or the average speed of the ball 419 moved within a predetermined time.

  Then, the control unit 409 sets a predetermined load standard corresponding to a predetermined ball behavior based on the speed of the ball 419 (step S402). Satisfying a predetermined load standard means, for example, that the pressing load on the contact detection unit 404 is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold, that the pressing load on the contact detection unit 404 exceeds a predetermined load threshold, For example, the pressing load is equal to or greater than a load threshold for a certain period of time. In the present embodiment, satisfying a predetermined load standard means that the pressing load is equal to or greater than a predetermined load threshold.

  In this embodiment, since there are three types of predetermined ball behavior, the control unit 409 sets two load threshold values E and F (F> E) as predetermined load threshold values. In actual soccer, it is assumed that it is more difficult to directly shoot than to keep the ball at your feet. In other words, direct shots are more burdensome to players than stopping the ball. Therefore, the control unit 409 causes the load threshold E to correspond to the ball 419 stopping at the foot of the player 417, and the load threshold F to correspond to the ball 419 being directly shot by the player 417. That is, if the pressing load on the ball button 421 is less than the load threshold E, the player 417 does not trap the ball 419 and the ball 419 passes through the player 417. Further, when the pressing load on the ball button 421 is equal to or greater than the load threshold E and less than the load threshold F, the ball 419 stops at the foot of the player 417. Further, when the pressing load on the ball button 421 is equal to or greater than the load threshold F, the ball 419 is directly shot by the player 417. Note that the number of predetermined load thresholds can be one or more depending on the number of predetermined ball behaviors.

  Furthermore, the control unit 409 changes a predetermined load reference according to the speed of the ball 419. That is, the control unit 409 changes the predetermined load threshold. In actual soccer, it is assumed that the faster the ball, the more difficult it is for players to stop the ball with their feet or perform a direct shot. In other words, the greater the speed of the ball, the greater the load on the player. Therefore, the control unit 409 increases the values of the load threshold A and the load threshold B as the speed of the ball 419 increases. Thus, when the speed of the ball 419 is high, a large pressing load on the ball button 421 is required for the player 417 to stop the ball 419 with his / her foot or to directly shoot.

  Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the control unit 409 provides a speed threshold ST, and compares the speed calculated in step S401 to determine whether or not the ball 419 is fast. Then, when the speed of the ball 419 is less than the speed threshold ST, the control unit 409 sets the value of the load threshold E to E1 and sets the value of the load threshold F to F1. In addition, when the speed of the ball 419 is equal to or higher than the speed threshold ST, the control unit 409 sets the value of the load threshold E to E2 (F1> E2> E1) and sets the value of the load threshold F to F2 (F2> F1). And That is, the load threshold is as shown in FIG. The control unit 409 causes the storage unit 405 to store the set load standard. Note that the present invention is not limited to the determination of the speed of the ball 419 by one speed threshold ST, and for example, the load threshold E and the load threshold F according to the speed of the ball 419. The value of can also be changed continuously.

  Subsequently, the user presses the ball button 421 at a position corresponding to the ball (object) 419 before the ball 419 reaches the player 417 so that the player 417 receives a pass. Then, the contact detection unit 404 detects a finger contact with the ball button 421 (step S403), and outputs contact position information to the control unit 409. The control unit 409 specifies from the contact position information that the place where the finger touches is the ball button 421. In the present invention, the position corresponding to the ball (object) is not limited to the position of the button or key corresponding to the object, but the object itself (ball 419) displayed on the main display unit 411. It may be the position.

  Then, the load detection unit 406 starts to detect the pressing load on the contact detection unit 404 from the time when the finger physically contacts the contact detection unit 404 (time t5 in FIG. 12) (step S404).

  Subsequently, the control unit 409 determines whether or not the time point (contact timing) at which the finger physically contacts the contact detection unit 404 satisfies the timing reference (step S405). The timing reference is, for example, that the contact timing is after the reference time and the ball 419 reaches the player 417. The reference time is, for example, a time when the position of the ball 419 is less than a predetermined distance from the position of the player 417, a time before a predetermined time before the time when the ball 419 reaches the player 417, or the like. In actual soccer, it is assumed that the player is ready to receive a pass just before the ball reaches the player. Therefore, by providing the timing reference, when the ball 419 is not positioned near the player 417 (the position of the ball 419 is more than a predetermined distance from the position of the player 417), the user can apply the ball button 421 to the ball button 421. Press can be disabled. Thereby, the user needs to press the ball button 421 immediately before the ball reaches the player 417. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, the timing reference means that the contact timing is after the reference time and the ball 419 reaches the player 417.

  If the contact timing is before the reference time (No in step S405), the player 417 cannot receive a pass even if the pressing load on the ball button 421 satisfies the load reference. Therefore, the control unit 409 causes the main display unit 411 to display a ball behavior in which the ball 419 passes the player 417.

  When the contact timing is after the reference time (Yes in step S405), the control unit 409 stores the pressing load when the ball 419 reaches the player 417 (time t6 in FIG. 12) in the storage unit 405. It is determined whether or not the load standard is satisfied (step S406). Note that the ball 419 reaching the player 417 is not strictly limited to the ball 419 overlapping at the position of the player 417. For example, the ball 419 enters a range where the player 417 can perform the ball operation. It can also mean that. The range in which the player 417 can perform the ball operation is a matter that can be appropriately set according to the game.

  Then, as a predetermined process, the control unit 409 displays a corresponding predetermined ball behavior on the main display unit 411 in accordance with the pressing load (step S407). It is assumed that the pressing load when the ball 419 reaches the player 417 is not less than the load threshold E2 (F1) and less than the load threshold F2, as shown in FIG.

  When the speed of the ball 419 is less than the speed threshold value ST, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the threshold value F1, so the control unit 409 displays, as a predetermined process, a ball behavior in which the ball 419 is directly shot by the player 417 as a main display. This is displayed on the part 411 (step S407).

  When the speed of the ball 419 is equal to or greater than the speed threshold ST, the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold E2 and less than the load threshold F2. 411 is displayed (step S407). Therefore, even if the ball button 421 is pressed with the same pressing load based on the speed of the ball 419, the behavior of the ball 419 is different.

  In the present invention, the pressing load to be compared with the load reference is not limited to the pressing load when the ball 419 reaches the player 417. For example, when the ball button 421 is pressed when the ball 419 reaches the player 417, the control unit 409 compares the pressing load after a predetermined time from when the ball 419 reaches the player 417 with the load reference. Can do.

  In step S404, the control unit 409 can control the tactile sensation providing unit 407 so that a tactile sensation according to the load threshold is presented to the user's finger every time the pressing load becomes equal to or greater than the load threshold. The user can determine whether or not the pressing load is equal to or greater than the load threshold based on the presented tactile sensation, and can cause the player 417 to perform a desired ball operation.

  In step S407, the control unit 409 can control the sound output unit 408 so as to output a sound corresponding to the ball behavior to be displayed. The user can recognize the ball behavior not only from the image but also from the sound.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 409 detects the speed of the ball 419 displayed on the main display unit 411 and sets a predetermined load standard based on the detected information (speed) of the ball 419. Set. Thus, the user is required to adjust the pressing load on the ball button 421 in accordance with the speed of the ball 419 even when the player performs the same ball operation. In other words, the user needs to perform different operations depending on the situation of the ball as in an actual soccer game, so that a sense of reality can be obtained. In addition, the control unit 409 detects the contact timing with the ball button 421, and invalidates the operation of the player 417 regardless of the pressing load when the contact timing does not satisfy the timing reference. Thereby, the user can operate the player 417 only when the ball 419 is located near the player 417. Therefore, the user needs to press the ball button 421 accurately at short intervals, and can obtain a sense of tension associated with the instantaneous action in actual soccer.

  Although the present invention has been described based on the drawings and examples, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications and corrections based on the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be noted that these variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. For example, the functions included in each member, each means, each step, etc. can be rearranged so as not to be logically contradictory, and a plurality of means, steps, etc. can be combined into one or divided. Is possible.

  In the above description of the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the meaning of the technical idea of the expression such as the threshold value “more than” or the threshold value “less than” is not necessarily a strict meaning. The meaning of including or not including the reference value is included. For example, the threshold “above” may imply not only when the comparison target reaches the threshold but also when the threshold is exceeded. Further, for example, “less than the threshold value” may imply not only the case where the comparison target falls below the threshold value but also the case where the threshold value is reached, that is, the case where the comparison target is below the threshold value. Similarly, the expression “after” the reference time includes the meaning when the reference time is included or not included.

  In addition, the “display unit” and “contact detection unit” in the description of the embodiment of the present invention described above are configured by an integrated device, for example, by providing both functions of the display unit and the contact detection unit on a common substrate. May be. As an example of the configuration of the device in which both functions of the display unit and the contact detection unit are integrated, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements such as photodiodes are regularly arranged in a matrix electrode array of pixels included in the liquid crystal panel. There is something mixed in. This device displays an image with a liquid crystal panel structure, while reflecting the light of a backlight for liquid crystal display at the tip of a pen that touches and inputs a desired position on the surface of the panel. The reflected light is reflected by peripheral photoelectric conversion elements. By receiving the light, the touch position can be detected.

  In the above description of the embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device is described as a clamshell type (folding type), but the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, the electronic device of the present invention can be realized by a tablet terminal having a touch panel consisting of one surface.

  Further, the load threshold value in the description of the embodiment of the present invention described above is provided as a reference for determining the behavior of the ball displayed on the display unit by the control unit. It is also possible to provide a load threshold that is not related to. For example, when a load threshold value for preventing the touch panel from being broken is provided and a pressing load equal to or greater than the load threshold value is detected, the control unit controls the display unit, the tactile sensation providing unit, or the audio output unit, and the video, tactile sensation or audio Thus, it is possible to instruct the user to reduce the pressing load.

  In the description of the embodiment of the present invention described above, the main display unit and the key display unit are described in detail. However, a contact detection unit is provided on the front surface of each of the main display unit and the key display unit. Alternatively, the contact detection unit may be provided on only one of the main display unit and the key display unit. When a contact detection unit is provided on each of the main display unit and the key display unit, a load detection unit may be provided on each contact detection unit, or a load detection unit may be provided on only one of them. It may be provided.

  Further, in the description of the embodiment of the present invention described above, the load detection unit has been described in detail. However, the load detection unit estimates the pressing load to be detected based on the size of the contact area of the contact with the contact detection unit. May be. In other words, in this case, when the contact area of the contact by the contact object with the contact detection unit is large, it is assumed that a large pressing load is detected, and when the contact area of the contact by the contact object with the contact detection unit is small It is assumed that a small pressing load is detected.

  When the load detection unit is configured as a piezoelectric element, “detecting a pressing load on the contact detection unit” of the present invention includes “outputting (generating) a voltage based on the pressing load on the contact detection unit”. It is included. Similarly, the “load reference” of the present invention includes a voltage reference which is a reference based on voltage. Similarly, the “pressing load detected by the load detecting unit” includes “voltage output (generated) by the piezoelectric element”. As described above, when a piezoelectric element is used as the load detection unit and the piezoelectric element outputs (generates) a voltage based on the pressing load on the contact detection unit, the control unit detects the contact detection unit from the voltage output by the piezoelectric element. Whether or not a predetermined process is to be performed may be determined based on the voltage output from the piezoelectric element without calculating a pressing load on the. In this case, as described above, the control unit performs a predetermined process on the object when the voltage output from the piezoelectric element satisfies the voltage reference.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Electronic device 102 Touch panel 103 Display part 104 Contact detection part 105 Memory | storage part 106 Load detection part 107 Tactile sense presentation part 108 Audio | voice output part 109 Control part 111, 211, 311, 411 Main display part 113, 213, 313, 413 Key display part 115, 215, 315, 415 Player 117, 217, 317, 417 Player 119, 219, 319, 419 Ball 121, 221, 321, 421 Ball button 219a, 219b, 319a, 319b Ball position 317a, 317b Player position 323 Move key d1, d2 distance

Claims (2)

A display for displaying objects;
A contact detector for detecting contact by a contact object;
A load detection unit for detecting a pressing load on the contact detection unit;
When the contact detection unit detects contact at a position corresponding to the object displayed on the display unit, and the pressing load detected by the load detection unit satisfies a predetermined load standard, the predetermined detection for the object is performed. And a control unit that performs the processing of
Electronic apparatus wherein the control unit, which detects the speed of the object displayed on the display unit, based on information of the detected object, and sets the predetermined load standard. A display unit for displaying a plurality of objects;
A contact detector for detecting contact by a contact object;
A load detection unit for detecting a pressing load on the contact detection unit;
When the contact detection unit detects contact at a position corresponding to the object displayed on the display unit, and the pressing load detected by the load detection unit satisfies a predetermined load standard, the predetermined detection for the object is performed. And a control unit that performs the processing of
The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit detects a relative speed of the plurality of objects displayed on the display unit, and sets the predetermined load reference based on the detected relative speed.

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